[HN Gopher] On the Experience of Being Poor-Ish, for People Who ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       On the Experience of Being Poor-Ish, for People Who Aren't
        
       Author : maxwelljoslyn
       Score  : 642 points
       Date   : 2021-03-01 06:04 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (residentcontrarian.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (residentcontrarian.substack.com)
        
       | DataWorker wrote:
       | Many live in daily terror of becoming homeless or worse. I feel
       | like social isolation matters more than wealth in making people
       | feel secure. Many homeless people had money, good jobs,
       | education, but most lacked community. Some say they find a family
       | on the streets, for better or worse. It's not all social, neither
       | is it all financial.
        
       | tester34 wrote:
       | Poority adds a lot of "over_head"
       | 
       | The more over_head you have, then it's harder to get out of it.
       | 
       | You're unlikely to put your free time into math / computer
       | science when you're after exhausting 8 / 12h shift in warehouse
       | 
       | Also your "environment" may not help you too.
       | 
       | Before I worked at gov't-ish job and my parents tried hard to
       | convince me that "this is the greatest thing because gov't jobs
       | offer ""safety"" and "decent salary"". Thanks god that I had
       | access to the internet and knew the reality.
        
       | jancsika wrote:
       | > The value of their work doesn't factor in as much - An
       | administrative assistant might touch every department in the
       | company every day and facilitate a massive amount of work, but
       | they still don't get paid much - it's hard to justify when you
       | could hire and train up someone to do the same thing nearly as
       | well with very little difficulty.
       | 
       | This seems like it exposes a bias toward thinking in terms of
       | large businesses. (That may be a reasonable bias, at least in the
       | U.S. where it seems like big organizations are only getting
       | bigger and small ones are going out of business.)
       | 
       | In a small business there is less likelihood that the
       | administrative work is meticulously spec'd out. So if an
       | administrative assistant in a small business touching every
       | department, _and_ they are good, chances are work has been
       | offloaded onto them in a way that moves them further from
       | "assisting" and closer to "inexpendable employee who is
       | constantly fleshing out an underspecified business model and
       | iteratively improving it."
       | 
       | I can think of examples where a small business didn't realize
       | this (and some where they went out of business for that reason).
       | But only a handful few where this didn't happen.
       | 
       | If competent administrative assistants in small businesses had
       | any idea of their true value, they'd demand their salary be
       | doubled.
       | 
       | Same logic wrt sales reps. Although in that case, companies at
       | least seem to have realized it and responded by the weirdo
       | pattern of a) providing incentives to attract the best reps, and
       | then b) firing the best reps after a few years on the grounds
       | it's too expensive to keep paying them for consistently hitting
       | their goals and collecting the incentives!
        
       | dvirsky wrote:
       | Very good post, just one thing caught my eye:
       | 
       | > it's very small (think >900 sqft)
       | 
       | That is an average middle class apartment for a family where I
       | come from (Israel). Thinking about it as being small is so
       | American :) And BTW you don't get to live in a _house_ in Israel
       | unless you inherited it, are rich, bought it >20 ago before the
       | real estate boom, or willing to drive a couple of hours in each
       | direction to get to work (which is ridiculous in a tiny country
       | with a 100% tax on gas)
       | 
       | If you're poor you'll have to do with ~600 sqft or so for a
       | family. And I know there are countries where even this is rather
       | spacious.
        
       | JayPeaEm wrote:
       | Grew up homel
        
       | ourmandave wrote:
       | SciFi author John Scalzi did a couple blog posts on being poor.
       | (His readership added some he'd missed.)
       | 
       | https://whatever.scalzi.com/2005/09/03/being-poor/
       | 
       | https://whatever.scalzi.com/2015/09/03/being-poor-ten-years-...
        
       | ajsnigrutin wrote:
       | I have a possibly stupid question...
       | 
       | Parts of america have really really high housing costs... like
       | really high... and a bunch of people want to live there, and a
       | lot of people there are poor (atleast compared to housing
       | prices).
       | 
       | Why the hell do you still build single family houses, or one/two
       | floor buildings in areas where you need to fit a bunch of people
       | (eg. both photos in the article)? I'm from a former socialist
       | country, and housing for working families back then looked (still
       | does) like this:
       | 
       | https://i.imgur.com/pmpcaOL.png https://i.imgur.com/YowiKVe.png
       | 
       | Modern buildings look a bit better, with ground floors for
       | commercial use, and underground parking, but still:
       | 
       | https://i.imgur.com/AFpUiuX.jpg
       | 
       | I understand single or two floor buildings if you're building
       | something in rural alabama... there's a lot of space there, and
       | the land is cheap.... But places like san francisco? That, I
       | don't get.
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | > Why the hell do you still build single family houses, or
         | one/two floor buildings in areas where you need to fit a bunch
         | of people (eg. both photos in the article)?
         | 
         | Mostly bad regulations like rent control and zoning.
        
         | TulliusCicero wrote:
         | This question was made for me.
         | 
         | It's not the market; obviously there's demand for higher
         | density housing, and were it allowed, people would make more of
         | it. It's almost always local regulations that make producing
         | such housing difficult, or more commonly, flat out impossible.
         | 
         | Most American residential land is zoned for exclusively large
         | single family homes in big lots. This is true even in most
         | major metro areas. You can read a little bit about this here in
         | this article that compared American zoning with Japanese
         | zoning: https://marketurbanism.com/2019/03/19/why-is-japanese-
         | zoning...
         | 
         | The gist of how it got this way is: racism and classism. The
         | racism used to be more relevant, these days the classism is.
         | You see, if you require that to live in a neighborhood, you
         | must be able to own or rent a property with a minimum amount of
         | land, it's easy to keep out people of lesser economic
         | resources. A poorer family that might be willing to live an
         | apartment in a nicer area will find that no such housing exists
         | there, and being unable to afford a full house, they are
         | excluded, hence the term 'exclusionary zoning'. This also has
         | the effect of keeping those poor kids out of local schools.
         | 
         | So yeah, it's economic segregation that America pretends
         | doesn't count as segregation somehow, even though the effects
         | are plain as day.
        
         | LandR wrote:
         | In your first phot, In my country those sort of buildings would
         | be viewed _very_ negatively, many would expect the people in
         | them to be poor, lower-class, living off benefits etc. There
         | are lots of stereotypes about the sort of people that live in
         | those type of buildings.
         | 
         | People would NOT want that sort of building near their home
         | worried it would lead to more crime, lower property prices etc.
         | 
         | Now, your last modern building. People would pay a small
         | fortune to live in something like that in a trendy area in a
         | city...
         | 
         | They would probably be classed as luxury apartments, come with
         | a large rents or buying costs.
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | But the idea is still the same... just the outside look has
           | changed.
           | 
           | Build a 5, 10 story apartment building, underground parking,
           | and fit hundreds of people in a space, that would otherwise
           | be used by 5-10 houses (20, 30 people).
           | 
           | First photos are from belgrade, when that design was "modern"
           | from 1960-1980s, and the last, modern one is from ljubljana,
           | built recently.
        
         | wooger wrote:
         | Lots of people want to live there. But do the people who live
         | there (and own property there) want lots more people to live
         | there? Not really no.
         | 
         | And in some cases definitely not anywhere near them.
         | 
         | Cities work well at a certain size and population, but the
         | services and infrastructure never get upgraded to match big
         | increases in population like tower blocks.
         | 
         | Not to mention the view from people's houses across the bay
         | will be gone as soon as high rises are built. If I'm happy with
         | the status quo & I have lots of money, why would I ever stop
         | doing everything possible to maintain it?
        
         | Hard_Space wrote:
         | I'm a British immigrant to Bucharest, nearly 4 years, and I
         | live in a slightly smaller version of the housing in your
         | images, a 4-floor 1986 block in the south of the city, adjacent
         | to Vacaresti park.
         | 
         | In London, this type of housing might be depressing, but here
         | it is normal -- and when you take away 'neighbor envy', it's
         | hard to express the difference it makes to one's own sense that
         | you've reached some equilibrium in your environment and your
         | life.
         | 
         | The TV ads here might be full of people in detached houses, but
         | that kind of residence is very rare in this country - at least
         | in cities like Bucharest and Cluj.
         | 
         | In short, Bucharest folk are used to it, and practically no-one
         | in the US is. For them, it's 'the projects'.
        
         | dagw wrote:
         | _But places like san francisco? That, I don 't get._
         | 
         | Short answer. The people who already live there don't want to
         | be neighbors with those sorts of buildings and any politician
         | that suggests it will be voted out of office.
        
           | Mauricebranagh wrote:
           | A counterpoint - You then get jerry built high rises built to
           | minimum standards and smaller rooms which leads to tragedy's
           | like Grenfell tower.
           | 
           | Also with covid and the rise of home working you know what
           | people realy realy want? a second room for an office and a
           | Garden (Yard).
        
             | ajsnigrutin wrote:
             | > A counterpoint - You then get jerry built high rises
             | built to minimum standards and smaller rooms which leads to
             | tragedy's like Grenfell tower.
             | 
             | The old socialist buildings are made form reinforced
             | (rebar) concrete... even the inside walls... and outside
             | walls.. and sometimes even balcony ledges. Even occasional
             | gas explosions usually just blow out some windows.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | The answer for a city like San Francisco is all the available
         | land was built on 70 years ago (with a few exceptions).
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | Yeah, but SF also still mandates low densities in most of its
           | neighborhoods: https://sfplanning.org/resource/zoning-height-
           | and-bulk-distr...
           | 
           | It could change that to help make housing more affordable,
           | and chooses not to.
        
       | 14 wrote:
       | Just read this this morning before work and thought how I can
       | relate to having to fix my own cars and now I am better off and
       | don't car stress any more but if forced me to learn a lot along
       | the way. Then at work my coworker is telling me she was at the
       | transmission shop and Toyota and car still isn't running well. I
       | look and knew right away she had a bad air filter. 25$ back on
       | the road full power
        
       | munificent wrote:
       | _> This is because apartments at both of these levels quite
       | accurately assume that you can't afford a lawyer - while it's
       | normal to put down a month or two worth of rent as a security
       | deposit, it's much less normal to get it back; the apartment
       | complex has no reason to give back thousands of dollars they can
       | simply keep._
       | 
       | This is a really key point and this behavior affects many many
       | aspects of life.
       | 
       | Money is liquid power. Power is the ability to get others to do
       | what you want. Unfortunately, power imbalances between people
       | form an unstable equilibrium. As soon as you have a tiny bit more
       | power over someone, the first thing you can do is use it to force
       | them to give you more. This is, I believe, the seed of almost all
       | inequality in the world.
       | 
       | One of the main accelerators of this imbalance is _threat_
       | --applying power without spending it. If power worked exactly
       | like money where to get you to do something I had to pay you,
       | then there would be natural counter-balance towards equality. Any
       | time someone had more power, the only useful thing they could do
       | with it would to be spend it, which would lower their power and
       | raise someone else's.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, you can often get what you want without spending
       | any power simply by making it clear to someone that you _could_
       | force them if you wanted to. They will capitulate and do what you
       | want while you don 't actually have to put any real effort in and
       | squander any power.
       | 
       | In the example here, the apartment complex _can_ afford a lawyer
       | to argue about returning a security deposit and you can 't. So
       | you acquiesce to not getting your deposit back _and they don 't
       | have to pay for a lawyer_. They acquire a bit more power (cash)
       | from you without having to spend anything to get it.
       | 
       | It's a shitty part of how life works.
        
       | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
       | > it's best to spend no more than 30% of your monthly gross
       | income on housing-related expenses, including rent and utilities
       | 
       | Everyone who lives in London, NYC, or many other large cities,
       | will at that this point laugh loudly and stop taking the article
       | seriously.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | bregma wrote:
       | This is interesting.
       | 
       | My wife is a case worker for the county welfare office. She deals
       | with "those" people for a living and sees first-hand every day
       | all the real and imagined shit spouted by righteous ideologues.
       | She tells me that amongst those living in poverty, wealth is
       | measured in terms of friends and family. Any money you come into
       | is spent immediately, often on gifts to build status within your
       | social network.
       | 
       | It's only when you move into the middle classes that wealth
       | starts to be measured in terms of money. Budgeting, saving,
       | trying to get more and planning for a future when you have none
       | is not something someone in poverty does: it's something someone
       | not in poverty does when they have no money. Trying to climb the
       | social ladder by accumulating more money marks you as middle
       | class.
       | 
       | The third layer has enough money (but of course always try to get
       | more because that's the game). Their concept of wealth tends to
       | be oriented towards legacy: collecting artworks, donating to
       | cultural or research endeavours, political involvement. Wealth is
       | measured by what you leave behind, and money is wasted if it just
       | goes to trust funds or taxes.
       | 
       | When I was a student, and for many years after, I had no money. I
       | had enough to keep a squalid roof over my head and three square
       | meals a week. I had no money and no savings but I did not live in
       | poverty because I had a plan to earn and save and move up in the
       | world. I had no money but I did not live in poverty.
       | 
       | I think it's important for people who are trying to leave their
       | legacy by getting politically involved in eliminating poverty to
       | understand that their world is not _the_ world. They need to
       | understand how the definition of wealth for those in poverty is
       | not the same as their definition of wealth, and without
       | understanding that difference they are bound for failure from the
       | start.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > Any money you come into is spent immediately, often on gifts
         | to build status within your social network.
         | 
         | Rather, _for immediate survival_ and whatever bill is the most
         | urgent to make even a tiny partial payment to avoid cut-off and
         | the occasional comfort food as a treat if you can afford it
         | somehow.
         | 
         | Source: had a rough patch in my life a couple years ago
         | (thankfully over now).
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | The reason you spend money as soon as you get it when you're
         | poor is 1) because when you're poor you accumulate debts, both
         | formal and informal, and 2) when you're poor you know other
         | people who are poor and who need things.
         | 
         | Thinking poor people _like being poor because they value what
         | 's really important - friends and family -_ is like poverty
         | version of the "magical negro" trope. Poor people value friends
         | and family because they need each other to survive. People with
         | no money problems don't _need_ anyone.
         | 
         | edit: I honestly believe in a harsher version of this, in that
         | for me the difference between friend and acquaintance is that a
         | friend has sacrificed their comfort or safety for yours when
         | they didn't have to. A friend is an acquaintance that has been
         | tested by your bad circumstances and passed. If you're wealthy,
         | you are rarely in truly bad circumstances, so when they happen,
         | you might find yourself surrounded by acquaintances. Poor
         | people know who to trust because they've had to trust them
         | before.
        
           | sethammons wrote:
           | > Thinking poor people like being poor because they value
           | what's really important - friends and family - is ...
           | 
           | I didn't read that poor people like being poor - I read they
           | have a different value system (and reading into it, the
           | different value system being rooted in being poor). You are
           | injecting something else into the narrative.
        
           | fossuser wrote:
           | I think you're arguing a bit of a strawman and you and the
           | person you replied to probably agree with each other.
           | 
           | The accumulated debts, and helping out each other makes sense
           | given the needs of the community and dependence on each other
           | for survival. It's interesting that could translate into a
           | gift culture for social status hierarchy, and it kind of
           | makes sense. Even if in the perverse case it can make it
           | harder for any individual to get out of poverty - it makes it
           | easier for them to survive while they're in it.
        
             | pnutjam wrote:
             | Mathew Desmond talks about this some in his book, Evicted.
             | https://www.evictedbook.com/
             | 
             | Basically poor people have to have room mates and they have
             | to interact with the people around them, so they tend to
             | form quicker bonds of friendship. Middle class people can
             | afford to go it alone.
        
           | musingsole wrote:
           | > People with no money problems don't need anyone.
           | 
           | > Poor people know who to trust because they've had to trust
           | them before.
           | 
           | I feel like this is what's been contributing to collapsing
           | communities in the US more than political tensions or
           | whatever other specter one could point to. The lack of real,
           | repeated need of others. A relative abundance on wealth leads
           | to using money-based services to fix issues instead of
           | relationships (which have cumbersome overheads). That leads
           | to the creation of more services and until we've generally
           | forgotten how to have a community, only services and
           | consumers.
        
         | ajfjrbfbf wrote:
         | > I had enough to keep a squalid roof over my head and three
         | square meals a week.
         | 
         | Three meals a week sound pretty miserable. I assume that's a
         | typo :)
        
           | krageon wrote:
           | It's a lot better than one meal a week. It's all relative :)
        
           | bregma wrote:
           | No. It was pretty miserable.
        
       | endoelenar58 wrote:
       | Many people are just doomed to failure from the start. All that
       | motivational talk and grooming goes to nothing if you came form
       | impoverished background.
        
       | dionidium wrote:
       | I was glad to see a large section on cars. When I was poor this
       | was a constant issue for me and it wasn't until the very end of
       | my time in poverty that I realized I could just _not have one_.
       | Obviously, you can 't "just not have a car" while not changing
       | anything else about your life. My realization was that I _should_
       | change literally anything and everything about my life to
       | maximize my ability to survive without owning a car. That is to
       | say, owning a car for a poor person is _far more onerous_ than
       | changing your life around to not need one. This means choosing
       | housing, employment, child care and everything else around the
       | decision not to own a car.
       | 
       | This decision was life-changing.
       | 
       | Cars are very expensive. If you are poor, you cannot afford to
       | own one. Full stop. Think of basically anything else that costs
       | as much as a car costs and then ask yourself if a poor person
       | should buy that thing. Your answer will be no. It should also be
       | "no" with respect to a car.
       | 
       | The writer of course highlights the relevant tradeoffs. Owning a
       | car is very convenient, so most poor people think, well, however
       | hard it is to own this thing it's still a net win. My experience
       | tells me this is wrong. It was not a net win and I wish I'd have
       | figured that out sooner.
        
       | sethammons wrote:
       | Queue my first truck. My uncle gave it to me. S-15. The bench
       | seat didn't lock, it slid forward and back when breaking or
       | accelerating. Hard left hand turn and the keys would fly from the
       | ignition and land on tue floorboard of the passenger seat (this
       | did not turn off the truck). During the same hard left, some
       | electrical thing would connect or un-short and my radio would
       | temporarily turn on until the end of the turn. It ate oil and did
       | not have a dip stick; thus you estimated how much oil to add
       | daily. If the headlights were on, the gas gauge was zero. Oh, and
       | it could only be pop-started (meaning I had to always park on a
       | hill and get the thing rolling to get the ignition to pop start -
       | it did not always work). A boyfriend of my mom's showed me how to
       | arc the starter bolts with a screwdriver- and I could now start
       | it on flat surfaces! That was great. I eventually didn't add
       | enough oil and seized the engine. This is Southern California
       | fwiw.
        
         | aembleton wrote:
         | Does the US or California not have some sort of annual check to
         | ensure that cars on the road are roadworthy? Something like
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOT_test
        
           | buescher wrote:
           | In the US vehicle registration and vehicle inspection are
           | state-by-state. California, while known for its strict
           | emissions requirements, has no other vehicle inspection.
           | Surprised me when I moved there!
        
           | iamatworknow wrote:
           | New York requires annual car inspections that include
           | emissions testing as well as a basic safety check (tires,
           | brakes, head/signal/brake lights, horn, fluids, and a few
           | other things). They "only" cost $20 but they put a color
           | coded sticker on your windshield that is easily seen by
           | passing cops, who will pull you over if you have the wrong
           | color. Getting the inspection done is a bit of a pain in the
           | ass, too, as because at least for me it would usually require
           | taking at least an hour off of work to drive the car to a
           | garage who could do it. And the garages seemed to often run
           | out of inspection stickers, as they're provided by the state
           | and only allot so many to each garage that does inspections.
           | It was kind of a nightmare in its own way.
           | 
           | And if your car failed inspection, you were obligated to fix
           | it, of course. I knew a lot of people who would postpone the
           | inspection as long as possible and hope they didn't get
           | pulled over. When I was pretty poor I had a car that
           | frequently had its check engine light on (an instant fail for
           | the inspections). It was cheaper to buy an OBD reader online
           | that could reset the check engine light long enough to get
           | the inspection done than it was to fix the problem.
           | 
           | When I moved to Georgia which only does the emissions test
           | (and only in the Atlanta area counties), I was surprised by
           | how quick it was. Perhaps coincidentally, I see many orders
           | of magnitude more cars engulfed in flames on the roads in
           | metro Atlanta than I ever did in New York.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | >I see many orders of magnitude more cars engulfed in
             | flames on the roads in metro Atlanta than I ever did in New
             | York.
             | 
             | Because cars in New York rust out structurally before much
             | else can go wrong.
        
               | iamatworknow wrote:
               | This is a valid point, haha.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | Would being forced to choose between a car that doesn't have
           | government permission to drive and paying way more than
           | market value for something that does from a BHPH lot make the
           | situation of the person you're replying to better?
           | 
           | Also what he described is pretty out there even by poor
           | person standards. What you usually see is people failing
           | inspection for rust holes in non-structural areas, cracked
           | light lenses, leaky exhausts and non-functional evaporation
           | emissions systems.
           | 
           | In my experience: Lightbulbs are cheap and get fixed. Driving
           | with bald tires sucks and people do get them replaced when
           | they are showing cords. Brakes are important cheap enough and
           | get fixed (helps that pretty much any shade tree mechanic
           | will do them for parts plus a few bucks). People need to get
           | to work. They don't try to put stuff off until payday because
           | they like driving a car that might fail on them.
        
           | sethammons wrote:
           | You have, in California, a thing called Smog Check. An
           | attempt to remove old, polluting cars - you can't register
           | your car without it. Lots of these check centers will let you
           | pay under the table to let them hook up a better car to
           | falsify your results. If a car is obviously not road safe, a
           | cop can pull you over.
        
           | leetcrew wrote:
           | in maryland you can just pay a nominal fee/fine each month to
           | defer your emissions test. it adds up, but it takes a long
           | time to equal the cost of replacing a catalytic converter.
        
         | carapace wrote:
         | ( s/Queue/Cue/ )
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | u678u wrote:
       | > If you came from a family that did pretty well financially,
       | went to college and then immediately started to do pretty well
       | yourself, it's hard to get any kind of context for what life is
       | like at lower income levels.
       | 
       | America is hugely segregated by wealth and class. Where I come
       | from you wouldn't need to read an article to describe what its
       | like to be poor as there would be enough examples in your
       | neighborhood, church or school. Americans live in these bubbles.
       | 
       | Its a problem where I would rather live in a working class
       | neighborhood and send my kids to public schools when all my
       | colleagues live in fancy towns with fancy schools. I like to keep
       | my kids real but maybe I'm capping them.
        
       | yibg wrote:
       | I grew up poor (first gen immigrant family, the poor kind), so I
       | empathize with the points raised. At the same time I don't really
       | understand how some / a family can be (outside of some
       | circumstances like health issues, disabilities etc) repeatedly
       | behind on water bills or other necessities.
       | 
       | For the first few years my family had an income of ~$1000 / month
       | (back in the 90s). My mother wasn't legally allowed to work and
       | my father was on a stipend. The whole family lived in a studio
       | apartment, that 900 sq ft place in the article would've been huge
       | for us. Our car was a $1200 tiny little rust bucket, but it ran.
       | 
       | Sometimes I see documentaries about people living in poverty and
       | going pay check to pay check, yet the kids are wearing Nikes and
       | playing on iphones. Being poor was definitely stressful though,
       | and I'm definitely grateful that stress isn't part of my life
       | anymore.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | > the kids are wearing Nikes and playing on iphones.
         | 
         | This is investment. If your kids are socially rejected at
         | school and can't get on the internet, are they going to be
         | better off in the long term or worse off?
         | 
         | If you are poor, looking poor is not going to help you up, it's
         | going to drive you farther into poverty. It's the same impulse
         | that makes lower-middle class parents go into debt to put
         | braces on their kids' perfectly functional teeth (in the US.)
         | Your kids are going to have to impress fellow students, charm
         | their teachers, get into colleges, and interview for jobs. A
         | bunch of people who don't see class are going to see your
         | crooked teeth.
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | I understand there is social pressure, but then pretty much
           | anything can be bucketed under investment by this standard.
           | Is a nice car and nice house also investment so the kids
           | don't get rejected at school? At certain level of income,
           | sacrifices need to be made, and I would argue Nikes and
           | iPhones are luxuries, not necessities. e.g. you can get a
           | pair of good quality shoes that costs less than Nikes, and a
           | functional smart phone for less than an iphone.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | Not to mention: an iphone (or any smartphone really) is a
           | really efficient investment. I'm not sure, but for a few
           | hundred dollars you have a very good device already.
           | 
           | Compare that to my own growing up, and we had separate costs
           | for a TV, a radio, we would save up for a walkman or CD
           | player, internet started off as dial-up at the library, then
           | a PC. We'd buy CD's with games and things like Encarta, we'd
           | record or rent films on a video recorder, etc etc etc. And
           | all of those things had to be shared.
           | 
           | Now, with a smartphone, you have all of the above and then
           | some - at a one time investment. Each of those individual
           | devices back then cost the same as a single decent smartphone
           | does nowadays.
           | 
           | I really don't see the issue. I mean I kinda get the
           | objections, because for some reason smartphones are still
           | considered luxury items (but only if you're poor), but it's
           | such an empowering tool (and a source of distraction, which
           | is something everyone needs).
        
             | bkirkby wrote:
             | i don't think it's smartphones that are considered luxury
             | items, it's the $1000 iphones when a $50 android will
             | provide all those benefits just fine.
        
               | doliveira wrote:
               | But then you can't even browse the web properly with
               | these, though. Not with all those fat Javascript-heavy
               | pages and the whole "RAM is cheap" prevailing development
               | mentality nowadays.
        
               | leetcrew wrote:
               | the 80/20 rule still applies. $50 is probably too low of
               | a price point, but the example works if you compare a
               | $250-400 android phone to a $1000 apple/samsung flagship.
               | I could buy those phones if I wanted to, but I'm getting
               | by just fine with my pixel 4a. hell, my pixel 2 was still
               | perfectly serviceable but for the lack of security
               | updates.
        
               | doliveira wrote:
               | $50 to $400 is basically one order of magnitude, though.
               | So the argument changes a lot.
        
               | leetcrew wrote:
               | kinda, but kinda not. $1000 is still a lot more than
               | $400. I consider $600 to be a meaningful amount of money.
               | it's definitely not a good move to spend that much on a
               | phone if $600 matters to you. in any case, this
               | conversation is drifting off the rails (or was derailed
               | from the start). the iphone SE exists and sells for $400.
               | with apple's track record for updates, that might be the
               | best value on the entire market right now. I wouldn't
               | consider it irresponsible for anyone to purchase that
               | phone. I'm also not sure I believe that large amounts of
               | poor people are buying brand new $1000 iphones anyway.
               | most poor people I know are using whatever cheap phone
               | happens to be supported by a local MVNO.
        
         | devdas wrote:
         | All that you needed to break down was the car failing, or
         | someone falling sick.
         | 
         | Minimum wage in the US hasn't kept pace with inflation for
         | decades, and rents, school fees and the costs of medication
         | have kept rising even faster. Banks charge even higher
         | overdraft fees, so the small joys of a pair of branded shoes or
         | a fancy phone are affordable, but the longer term gains aren't
         | likely to be in reach.
         | 
         | Escaping poverty needs 20 years of everything going right.
         | https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/04/economi...
        
           | mc32 wrote:
           | True the minimum wage hasn't kept up. That's mainly due to
           | exporting manufacturing offshore.
           | 
           | People want cheap crap but they also want to keep wages high.
           | Bernie understood this which is why he was against trade
           | agreements and cheap labor.
           | 
           | Now people are used to paying $5 for a Tshirt. They want to
           | get paid $15 an hour but also balk at a $20 Tshirt. You can't
           | have it both ways.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | > True the minimum wage hasn't kept up. That's mainly due
             | to exporting manufacturing offshore.
             | 
             | That's partially true but this trend has been widespread
             | well outside of manufacturing, too. There's no shortage of
             | companies engaged in wage theft, converting full time
             | positions to contract, changing benefits plans to shift
             | more cost to the workers, etc. in every sector. Programmers
             | are in high demand but even in tech, consider how many
             | companies contract out core competencies or, especially,
             | have things like helpdesk jobs which pay considerably less
             | than they used to and no longer have a promotion path.
             | 
             | There's been a well-funded push to roll back the New Deal
             | since around the end of WWII. This has included funding
             | libertarian think tanks, religious denominations which
             | encourage self-reliance and distrust of the government,
             | etc. One big factor feeding into demand for cheaper goods
             | is that people are acting rationally in a world where their
             | income lags behind their parents or grandparents at the
             | same age.
             | 
             | Kevin Kruse wrote a book about this a while back which is
             | good for understanding some trends in the 20th century:
             | 
             | http://kevinmkruse.com/book/one-nation-under-god/
        
         | telesilla wrote:
         | Being poor is doable as long as there are no disasters or gross
         | unfairness. Every student who gets buy without parental help
         | will attest.
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | I think it's also about trade offs that are made. For
           | example, TV dinners (from an article in another thread here)
           | for us was not a staple, it was a luxury. They kept for a
           | long time, but they were also high cost to calorie ratio. We
           | got the cheapest cut of meat we can in bulk and frozen it.
        
             | tstrimple wrote:
             | While I'm not suggesting your method isn't more
             | economically efficient, it also requires time and money
             | investment. When I was "poor", my parents would often both
             | work late and it wasn't uncommon to not see them until
             | later in the night if at all before bed. Many nights my
             | brother and I would make our own dinners. Dealing with
             | large cuts of frozen meat takes planning and skill that
             | microwaveable dinners do not.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Also equipment: one thing working with our local mural
               | aid group has really underscores is how many people have,
               | say, a microwave or hot plate but not a working stove or
               | enough capacity to store bulk food purchases. That's
               | definitely not true of everyone, of course, but it's a
               | real barrier for some people- especially, say, a newly-
               | single mother who can't feed an infant rice and beans.
        
               | yibg wrote:
               | Yes absolutely. Definitely different trade offs to be
               | made depending on circumstance.
        
         | notsureaboutpg wrote:
         | I grew up like you but you and I weren't poor.
         | 
         | If your parents immigrated like mine (wife legally not allowed
         | to work, dad on stipend) then your father (and possibly mother)
         | was very well educated in your home country, then immigrated to
         | the US, finished his studies or did a temporary training and
         | then took a well paying job.
         | 
         | When having a $1000 a month income is known to everyone to be
         | temporary and you know a well paying job is on the other side,
         | that's not the kind of poor the author is talking about. When
         | you know you will have money soon you can make all sorts of
         | wise choices to handle a period of low liquidity. When you
         | don't know that, you can't make any of those choices.
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | We definitely weren't at the very bottom of the ladder. We
           | had some stable income, a roof over our heads and food on the
           | table.
           | 
           | Looking back the financial position we were in was clearly
           | temporary. But at the time it wasn't so clear. It wasn't
           | obvious that once graduated, my father would be able to find
           | a well paying job (they were also pretty ignorant on the job
           | market at the time). We definitely had financial stress in
           | the family, which bled out to me all through childhood.
           | 
           | I consider myself fortunate and I had a legs up in multiple
           | dimensions. Educated parents, stable home life etc. But like
           | I said, very grateful that type of stress is not a part of my
           | life now.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | Some poor families handle it better than others. A lot has to
         | do with the parents and how they manage the situation
         | psychologically.
         | 
         | There is peer pressure on the kids (and even parents), so they
         | upend Maslow's pyramid to their detriment.
         | 
         | Some of it may be educational --home ec is not taught in many
         | schools. Some of it is cultural (advertising) and some of it is
         | propaganda (we're Americans, we must have a TV and consume
         | brand names!)
         | 
         | I recall in Japan if you went on the dole you first had to sell
         | your 'luxury' items before getting government support. It
         | indicated you had to be in need and not supplementing or aiding
         | poor economic decisions.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | > in Japan if you went on the dole you first had to sell your
           | 'luxury' items before getting government support. It
           | indicated you had to be in need and not supplementing or
           | aiding poor economic decisions.
           | 
           | I agree with the theory, but what is a luxury? Cheap shoes
           | are penny wise and pound foolish as i've discovered. (though
           | some expensive brands last no longer than the cheap ones).
           | You can't really do anything today without an internet
           | connection - school or apply for a job, and you are expected
           | to answer your cell phone when called, so some form of smart
           | phone is required and if you have an iphone it isn't worth
           | enough used to be worth selling to buy a cheaper phone...
        
         | lc9er wrote:
         | > Nikes and playing on iphones.
         | 
         | This is the kind of statement you hear from conservatives that
         | blame poor people for their poverty.
         | 
         | There's a number of reasons. Because when you churn through a
         | dozen pairs of cheap no-name shoes, it ends up being more than
         | just buying a better set of shoes. Maybe a relative gave you
         | some Christmas money. Or maybe you got overtime for working an
         | extra 20 hours.
         | 
         | Being poor, you are constantly judged on your appearance, and
         | it has a huge effect on how you are treated by retailers,
         | government (police, social services, etc), teachers/school
         | admins, and friends.
         | 
         | When you're poor, everything you own is half broken, purchased
         | used, worn thin. You most likely live in an area that has a
         | high crime rate, is loud, has a long commute to your job, is
         | dirty. You have access to terrible, low quality food. You skip
         | doctors appointments (can't afford the time off or co-pays) and
         | dental work. (American) society constantly blames you for your
         | situation.
         | 
         | Whatever the reason, poverty is a daily assault on your human
         | dignity. It's incredibly difficult to escape. Sometimes, you
         | have to say, "Screw it" and buy your kid the expensive shoes.
         | That money won't get you out of poverty, but it may make you
         | and your child happy for a bit.
        
       | skinkestek wrote:
       | > it seems like they hardly lie awake at night thinking about
       | their iffy alternator much, if at all.
       | 
       | Sometimes someone can help someone and score big at the same
       | time. Here's a story that I heard from someone who was there:
       | 
       | There was a small company that was in a position where they made
       | money but not a lot so they saved on everything.
       | 
       | At one point the owner caught whiff that one of the employees, -
       | a master craftsman in his traditional craft - was struggling
       | extra because of the car.
       | 
       | So the ownwr told them to lease a brand new car to this
       | particular employee.
       | 
       | Accounting said wait-a-bit, we are considering each and every
       | expense twice and you want to lease a car for this guy to use off
       | work.
       | 
       | Owner said yes.
       | 
       | Doing that gave him two things:
       | 
       | - his specialist stopped worrying about the car at work
       | 
       | - he stayed there for a long time
       | 
       | No, this time it is not a management-feel-good-story, I know the
       | company and my friend was in the room arguing against the
       | decision.
       | 
       | Of course this might backfire (jealousy from other employees,
       | people who stop caring anyway etc) which is why it should be used
       | with caution.
        
         | jschwartzi wrote:
         | The employees who would be jealous are operating with a
         | different definition of "fair." The common definition is that
         | everyone gets the same thing, but a more humane definition is
         | that everyone gets what they need. And if you switch from the
         | former to the latter then the owner's decision becomes very
         | fair. Everyone benefits from having the specialist focused on
         | work. And the specialist gets what he needs too.
        
       | carmen_sandiego wrote:
       | As another ex-poor person: some of this is OK and some of it
       | doesn't really ring true.
       | 
       | E.g.
       | 
       | > That's the drop-off you experience at the lower price levels -
       | there's nothing between "This is a tiny but acceptable apartment"
       | and "Slum apartments in stab-ville".
       | 
       | I don't think this is true, and why would it be? Unless you're in
       | an area where the housing market is cliffed for some legislative
       | or regulatory reason. But most places, no, I've not seen this.
       | You might have to put effort in to find nicer places on a budget,
       | research areas, etc. but isn't that true of any purchase?
       | 
       | It's true that when you're poor you never get close to those
       | naive 'this is how much of your income to spend on rent'
       | suggestions, but there are places that cover the whole spectrum.
       | 
       | > Whichever you choose, a person of less-than-intermediate income
       | has to be prepared to stick with the rental long-term, should
       | things not go well. This is because apartments at both of these
       | levels quite accurately assume that you can't afford a lawyer -
       | while it's normal to put down a month or two worth of rent as a
       | security deposit, it's much less normal to get it back; the
       | apartment complex has no reason to give back thousands of dollars
       | they can simply keep. This means every time you move, you pay
       | something like a third to a month's wages for the privilege.
       | Since breaking a lease often means you lose your privilege to
       | live anywhere non-hellish, this means if you don't have cash
       | reserves (more on these later*) at the exact right time of year,
       | you might end up in the same place for another full year whether
       | you like it or not.
       | 
       | You stick with a rental longer term because of overheads, yeah,
       | but I wouldn't go into a rental contract expecting with certainty
       | to lose 100% of my deposit.
       | 
       | Rather what happens is you get good at doing minor legal research
       | and writing terse emails about it. Maybe many are scummy by
       | default, but most roll when they see you've got even a little
       | knowledge about what you're entitled to. That's a valuable skill
       | for life in general, so it's something you should be learning to
       | do regardless.
       | 
       | > a person's pay is determined by how rare their skills are and
       | how much demand there is for those skills. The value of their
       | work doesn't factor in as much
       | 
       | What's the value of a person's work that isn't just determined by
       | the first part? What does the author think drives demand, if not
       | the prospective value you provide to the various companies in the
       | labor market?
        
         | wizzwizz4 wrote:
         | Value, not demand. A nurse who helps stop 50 people from dying
         | each week is doing very valuable work, but a talented lawyer
         | helping to defeat valid class-action lawsuits (negative value
         | work) is probably paid more.
        
           | killtimeatwork wrote:
           | You don't even need a nurse - a farmer is preventing multiple
           | people from starving and a cleaner is preventing multiple
           | deaths from parasites and infectious diseases.
        
             | wizzwizz4 wrote:
             | True, but those are less direct, so easier to sweep under
             | the rug (cleaner... no pun _intended_ ), or dismiss with
             | "but market forces" (farmer).
        
           | carmen_sandiego wrote:
           | Healthcare is kind of a special case though, in that it's not
           | really a free market (whether you think it should be or not).
           | So the value of what medical professionals do isn't really
           | signalled through. The lawyer has high value to the company
           | that pays them, so they probably meet the first part exactly:
           | rare skills in high demand.
        
             | wizzwizz4 wrote:
             | Okay, but now consider other monopsonies. There are plenty.
             | What most people get paid is almost entirely decoupled from
             | the net value they create, and oftentimes it's only
             | tangentially related to the value they give to their
             | employer.
        
               | carmen_sandiego wrote:
               | The labor market isn't fully efficient but I don't
               | believe it's "almost entirely decoupled" from the value
               | employees provide. If you provide with certainty $100k/y
               | of value and your employer pays you $30k/y, there'd be no
               | shortage of entities willing to bid up that price. Who
               | wouldn't take profit within their risk tolerance? What
               | mechanism do you think would prevent this from happening?
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | * Barriers-to-entry - e.g., skills, ethical injunctions,
               | psychological torment, qualifications...
               | 
               | * Job security - some people are just too poor to go on
               | the job market for a few weeks or months, meaning they
               | don't have much leverage to get their employer to
               | increase their pay...
               | 
               | * Perverse incentives - some jobs are all about
               | _destroying value_ , e.g. loan sharks, most of the
               | advertising industry...
               | http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8410489.stm (2009) has a short
               | list.
               | 
               | * Monopsony - what if your employer is the only one
               | currently in a position to make that much from you (or
               | all the competitors have already filled their positions)?
               | 
               | I could go on, but I'm only scratching the surface of my
               | surface-level knowledge.
        
               | carmen_sandiego wrote:
               | > * Barriers-to-entry - e.g., skills, ethical
               | injunctions, psychological torment, qualifications...
               | 
               | If these reduce the value you provide then that's as
               | designed. How can you provide value without skills? How
               | can you provide value by _not_ doing things you find
               | unethical? These aren't inefficiencies of the market for
               | labor, they're facets of it working exactly as desired.
               | 
               | > * Job security - some people are just too poor to go on
               | the job market for a few weeks or months, meaning they
               | don't have much leverage to get their employer to
               | increase their pay...
               | 
               | Do you... quit your job before you look for a new one?
               | Increase in pay levels for lower skilled jobs is not
               | really about individual cases, but the aggregate. If
               | Profession X generates more value than the current pay
               | level, that increases general demand for Profession X,
               | and reduces the time needed to match up with a new
               | employer. Sure there's some thresholding involved, but
               | not enough to 'entirely decouple' price and value.
               | 
               | > * Perverse incentives - some jobs are all about
               | destroying value, e.g. loan sharks, most of the
               | advertising industry...
               | http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8410489.stm (2009) has a short
               | list.
               | 
               | Eh this is pretty hand-wavey stuff. Loan sharks don't
               | _destroy_ value from an economic perspective. Nor does
               | advertising. Nor does banking. Societal problems though
               | they might have.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | > _How can you provide value without skills?_
               | 
               | This means that you can't model it as a liquid market.
               | 
               | > _Do you... quit your job before you look for a new
               | one?_
               | 
               | I don't, because I don't work such long hours that I
               | don't have the capacity to do anything after work. Some
               | people have multiple jobs just to cover rent and food;
               | adding a _third_ (looking for new jobs) isn 't always
               | possible.
               | 
               | > _Loan sharks don 't _destroy_ value from an economic
               | perspective. Nor does advertising._
               | 
               | Then economics is wrong. Wasting people's lives and
               | attention is destroying value. Keeping people in debt,
               | causing suffering... you're not extracting as much value
               | out of people as they're losing. They're net negative.
        
               | gjm11 wrote:
               | I vigorously agree that some jobs destroy value on net,
               | but the report described in the BBC's article is pretty
               | unconvincing. I have the impression that the people who
               | wrote it knew what conclusion they wanted before they
               | began.
               | 
               | As an example, they claim that the UK's top bankers and
               | fund managers destroy about PS7.40 in value for every PS1
               | they get in salary. How do they get that figure? They
               | assign to those people ...
               | 
               | * 100% of the predicted reduction in UK GDP from 2008 to
               | 2014 as a result of the 2008 crisis (as measured by the
               | difference between IMF forecasts immediately before and
               | immediately after) * an "adjustment to reflect a loss of
               | 5% of UK economic capacity between the onset of the
               | crisis and 2020" (that sounds like double-counting to me,
               | but I can't tell because they don't give any details) *
               | 100% of an estimate of increased debt as a result of the
               | crisis, obtained as the difference between an IMF
               | forecast immediately after the crisis and the _UK
               | government 's_ forecast immediately before it (sounds
               | like more double-counting to me, and I bet the
               | government's predictions are systematically more
               | optimistic than the IMF's) * an "allowance for debt
               | servicing costs on the additional debt incurred" * 50% of
               | 1/6 of the tax revenue from the UK financial sector
               | (treated as a pure positive to weigh against the pure
               | negative of value destroyed by the 2008 crisis). The 1/6
               | is because they guess 5/6 of the UK financial sector is
               | retail rather than wholesale finance and consider the
               | gains attributable to top bankers to be only in the
               | wholesale part. The 50% is because not all of the tax
               | paid by the wholesale financial industry is paid by, or
               | otherwise attributable to, its top bankers. * 50% of 2.5%
               | of the UK's GVA or "gross value added" as estimated by
               | the ONS. The 2.5% is the ONS's estimate of how much
               | London financial services contributed to GVA. The 50% is
               | because not all of that is attributable to the top
               | bankers. I don't know why they're using GVA here but GDP
               | when estimating value destroyed by the 2008 crisis. * 50%
               | of 50% of an estimate of post-tax earnings of finance
               | workers in the City of London. Post-tax because they
               | already counted tax revenue. 50% because not all the
               | credit for those people having those jobs belongs to the
               | top bankers. 50% because if they didn't have those jobs
               | then they'd presumably have other jobs.
               | 
               | The costs of the 2008 crisis are considered as a one-off.
               | For the benefits, which are a recurring thing, they
               | assumed a 20-year career for those bankers.
               | 
               | Soooo many things about this look highly dubious to me.
               | There isn't a 2008-scale crisis every 20 years. The 2008
               | crisis was a global thing and we have no idea what
               | fraction of it was the fault of people in the UK, versus
               | what fraction of its effects were suffered by the UK.
               | It's not at all clear that it's entirely attributable to
               | "top bankers". Their measures of value destroyed by the
               | crisis look very susceptible to double-counting and other
               | errors. If there's a good reason for using GDP to reckon
               | the loss and GVA to reckon the gain, it eludes me. So far
               | as I can tell, the ONS's reckoning of the financial
               | industry's contribution to GVA is looking only at things
               | like how much revenue the financial industry gets for the
               | services it provides, whereas the claimed benefits of the
               | financial industry to the economy are all about things
               | like providing liquidity, more efficient allocation of
               | capital, etc., which they don't consider at all. Almost
               | all the key numbers in their calculation are low-effort
               | guesses: look at all those "50%"s.
               | 
               | I would be 100% unsurprised if it turned out that top
               | bankers' net contribution to the world is negative. But I
               | don't think this report really tells me anything of value
               | about whether that's so.
               | 
               | That was the first profession in the report. I haven't
               | looked at the others. I strongly suspect they are just as
               | terrible as this one.
               | 
               | Here's the actual report: https://neweconomics.org/upload
               | s/files/8c16eabdbadf83ca79_oj... -- all the details are
               | in Appendix 2.
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | Value is relative to the labor pool. If you hired me to
           | inject vaccines instead of a nurse, after some light training
           | I might be able to stop 40 people from dying every week
           | rather than 50. That doesn't mean I would be 80% valuable as
           | a nurse. I'd be providing negative value because there are
           | plenty of nurses who are also willing to do the same job.
           | 
           | Also, if you consider class action lawsuits as overall
           | positive value, then necessarily both sides of the lawsuit
           | are producing positive value.
        
             | wizzwizz4 wrote:
             | By "negative value" I mean "the world would be better off
             | if nobody did that", not "negative relative to the
             | counterfactual where you didn't do it". The latter is good
             | for individual decision-making, but it isn't very good for
             | accurately compensating value contributed... unless we have
             | some variety of UBI, but regardless, that's no longer
             | capitalism; it's an inverse job auction.
             | 
             | > _Also, if you consider class action lawsuits as overall
             | positive value_
             | 
             | I don't. But the vast majority of class action lawsuits
             | I've seen have been valid, and the vast majority of class
             | action lawsuits have paid out nowhere _near_ enough to even
             | _discourage_ the behaviour, let alone compensate the
             | victims. With a good class-action lawyer, class-action
             | lawsuits just reduce your profit margin slightly, as a cost
             | of "doing business".
             | 
             | I can't imagine how you could think that I think that,
             | unless we're working off drastically different models of
             | how the world works.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | >The latter is good for individual decision-making, but
               | it isn't very good for accurately compensating value
               | contributed
               | 
               | Why not? How could an economy function if it were based
               | on real value as opposed to relative value? Farmers and
               | water treatment engineers would all be billionaires and
               | everyone would waste a lot of resources trying to become
               | farmers and learning about water treatment. If you drive
               | a truck of medical supplies, you'd make millions, but if
               | you drive a truck of consumer goods, you'd make very
               | little, despite doing the same work.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | > _and everyone would waste a lot of resources trying to
               | become farmers_
               | 
               | * There's only so much arable land, so people _couldn 't_
               | do this.
               | 
               | [?] Thus, people who wanted to become farmers but didn't
               | have land would either give up, or innovate things like
               | hydroponics.
               | 
               | * There's only so much food people need to eat. Producing
               | _more_ than that isn 't contributing value; in _this
               | case_ , markets approximate that reasonably well (though
               | with other problems, so many governments subsidise food
               | production in some way).
               | 
               | * People already waste a lot of resources trying to
               | become tax-reduction lawyers or middle managers1 or gain
               | other high-paid, useless jobs.
               | 
               | > _If you drive a truck of medical supplies, you 'd make
               | millions, but if you drive a truck of consumer goods,
               | you'd make very little, despite doing the same work._
               | 
               | Good point! This hypothetical system that hasn't had
               | hundreds of years to work out the kinks has some
               | potential issues. I wouldn't say it's worth dismissing it
               | out of hand because of that, though; they don't seem like
               | fundamental problems. For instance, the _current_ system
               | already distinguishes between rapid medical
               | transportation networks (e.g. organ motorcyclists) and
               | regular ol ' freight.
               | 
               | Before trying to solve these problems, we should work out
               | how the (magical, instant, "everyone just decides to
               | start doing it") introduction of such a system would
               | change society. It's entirely possible that it would
               | change enough to eliminate this problem, and introduce
               | others in its place.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | 1: Middle management isn't _inherently_ useless - there
               | can be useful hierarchies involving middle management, I
               | 'm sure. In my personal experience, I haven't encountered
               | any, and popular culture agrees with me so it's decent
               | shorthand, but if your job title _is_ "middle management"
               | and you have a genuinely useful job, this _isn 't a dig
               | at you_. (Tax lawyers, though... offence intended.)
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | I'm not entirely sure what you're suggesting. There isn't
               | a middle ground between a market economy and planned
               | economy. In a market economy, a corporation's tax-
               | reduction lawyer is always going to make more money than
               | a nurse. You can reduce this disparity by reforming the
               | tax system. However, the problem is that it's not
               | politically advantageous to do so, so nobody does it.
               | 
               | > There's only so much arable land, so people couldn't do
               | this.
               | 
               | Rather than invest in stocks, people would buy a small
               | patch of land to grow their own food. This would not be
               | an efficient allocation of capital.
               | 
               | > There's only so much food people need to eat. Producing
               | more than that isn't contributing value; in this case,
               | markets approximate that reasonably well
               | 
               | What makes nursing any different in this regard? There
               | certainly is a healthcare distribution problem in the US,
               | but it's not because nurses are being paid too little.
               | Nurses in America make the same, if not more, than nurses
               | in the rest of the world.
        
         | ivanbakel wrote:
         | >What's the value of a person's work that isn't just determined
         | by the first part?
         | 
         | The value of the work done, either in a physical sense (because
         | it produces something of value) or in a societal sense (because
         | it involves doing something of value).
         | 
         | If you're the best hole-digger in the world, and people are
         | constantly trying to hire you to dig holes so that they can
         | fill them in, then you would be highly paid - but would your
         | work be "valuable"?
         | 
         | Probably very few people are true free-market believers when it
         | comes to the idea of fair pay.
        
           | chii wrote:
           | > but would your work be "valuable"?
           | 
           | yes, if somebody else would be willing to swap their hard
           | earned "value" for it.
           | 
           | The problem is when people making decisions to swap is not
           | swapping their own personal "value" they accumulated
           | themselves, but someone else's (usually the tax payers').
        
           | jonathanstrange wrote:
           | IMHO the problem is deeper than that. Economists often
           | wrongly and silently presume that free market equilibria lead
           | to desirable states of society but there is nothing in their
           | theories that would warrant this. It works for simple trades
           | (bargaining) but once you're at the level of institutions
           | there is no need for a match between institutional needs and
           | the preferences and desires of individuals in a society. For
           | instance, to build a certain product a company needs a
           | certain distribution of different types of work. These needs
           | of the larger institution need not match individuals' life
           | choices at all. Some jobs can even be so desirable that
           | workers are willing to lose money in the long run (that's
           | e.g. how Amazon benefits from selling the works of self-
           | publishers who often overall lose money). Consequently, since
           | people need to make a living, even in a fully functioning
           | free job market there can be a substantially large number of
           | people who are pressed into choices that make their lives
           | miserable.
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | > _If you 're the best hole-digger in the world, and people
           | are constantly trying to hire you to dig holes so that they
           | can fill them in, then you would be highly paid - but would
           | your work be "valuable"?_
           | 
           | If people get transcendent joy out of filling in holes, or
           | the filling-in of holes otherwise matters to them, then this
           | is valuable. In a real-world scenario, it's a bullshit job:
           | https://www.strike.coop/bullshit-jobs/
        
         | tonyedgecombe wrote:
         | _I don 't think this is true, and why would it be? Unless
         | you're in an area where the housing market is cliffed for some
         | legislative or regulatory reason._
         | 
         | I have a friend who works in real estate and he tells me people
         | in difficult circumstances pay a premium because of the risk of
         | default and damage. The landlord needs more margin to cover
         | those extra risks.
         | 
         | He also told me you could never make money at the bottom end of
         | the market if you have middle class sensibilities. It's pretty
         | ruthless at the bottom.
        
           | carmen_sandiego wrote:
           | Right, but there are presumably people at all levels of risk,
           | not just risky people who pay a premium vs non-risky people
           | who don't. Reduced variance is good for landlords too, so
           | there's definitely an incentive to accurately predict and
           | make granular the risk profile/credit check/etc.
        
         | leoedin wrote:
         | I've seen this effect a few times with housing. When viewing
         | either apartments or shared rooms, not being discerning enough
         | at the advert stage has resulted in viewing some absolutely
         | terrible places - damp, poorly heated, unmaintained, and the
         | sense from interacting with the landlord that their MO is
         | firmly "slumlord". The really surprising thing is that the rent
         | demanded for these places is often not much less than the rent
         | for a much nicer space in the same area of the city - maybe
         | PS50-PS100/month.
         | 
         | I think when supply and demand meets minimum wage you get an
         | incredibly non-linear effect in bang for buck. I'm sure there
         | are exceptions (the property market definitely has a negative
         | survivorship bias where the nice cheap properties are never on
         | the market for very long while the terrible ones are).
        
           | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
           | Rental housing is a very sketchy business full of very
           | sketchy people. The fewer scruples a landlord has, the easier
           | the money.
        
         | notauser wrote:
         | There is definitely non-linear pricing in the London housing
         | market as one example.
         | 
         | When I was last looking -
         | 
         | Studio apartments and one bed room apartments rented for
         | similar amounts, and so did two beds and three beds.
         | 
         | But the price jump from one bed to two bed was much larger than
         | any of the other jumps.
         | 
         | You can speculate on many reasons why this might be the case
         | (smallest size apartment for a family in the city, smallest
         | size you can split with a friend, smallest size with space for
         | an office).
         | 
         | There are exceptions and I'm sure that more research time could
         | help you find them.
         | 
         | But one of the points made convincingly in the artle is that if
         | you are poor you don't have a lot of energy, time or gas-money
         | to do that kind of research.
        
           | notahacker wrote:
           | > But the price jump from one bed to two bed was much larger
           | than any of the other jumps.
           | 
           | That price jump isn't particularly surprising given London's
           | one bed flats are competing against a vast number of
           | individual rooms in shared properties rented out (which is
           | regarded as a normal living arrangement in London, including
           | for professionals, somewhat older people and to an extent
           | couples). Obviously people who need an extra bedroom aren't
           | really in that market, and the second bedroom is also easily
           | [sub]let out separately.
        
           | carmen_sandiego wrote:
           | I mean, we can talk about price jumps between bedroom counts
           | if you want but I'm not sure it's very relevant to the
           | article, which is saying there's only "stabbyville" and
           | "safe" places given other fixed requirements. If you need a
           | studio in London, they exist all through the price spectrum,
           | area spectrum, and other dimensions. I suspect the 'jump' you
           | see from one bed to two is that, on average, two beds are in
           | nicer areas, or they are houses rather than flats, freehold
           | rather than lease, etc. Bedroom count is correlated with
           | other features that also increase the average price. But that
           | doesn't mean there aren't two beds in cheaper areas too.
           | 
           | The typical tradeoff in London is price vs proximity to
           | work/transport. For most people. Safety comes in at the very
           | bottom end, but still you can live far out and commute. I'm
           | not saying that's a pleasant experience, or that being poor
           | is a pleasant experience in general, but the tradeoff and
           | choice exists. If you have a job in central London that you'd
           | commute to though, fact is you are already probably well off
           | compared to most of the country. It's a bit like how student
           | debt mostly affects the middle class. Same with expensive
           | season tickets for the train.
        
           | superbcarrot wrote:
           | > But the price jump from one bed to two bed was much larger
           | than any of the other jumps.
           | 
           | The jump between sharing and a one-bed flat is certainly
           | larger. A two-bed on two incomes is a pretty decent
           | arrangement in London (if you're a couple for example); a
           | one-bed on a single income is much much steeper.
        
         | JanneVee wrote:
         | >> That's the drop-off you experience at the lower price levels
         | - there's nothing between "This is a tiny but acceptable
         | apartment" and "Slum apartments in stab-ville".
         | 
         | >I don't think this is true, and why would it be? Unless you're
         | in an area where the housing market is cliffed for some
         | legislative or regulatory reason. But most places, no, I've not
         | seen this. You might have to put effort in to find nicer places
         | on a budget, research areas, etc. but isn't that true of any
         | purchase?
         | 
         | The thing that I've noticed is that yes the sweet spot exists
         | but the supply is always more limited. You have higher
         | availability on living because it is so expensive that not
         | everyone can afford it(or think it is worth it). And the cheap
         | in not so good areas (not necessarily dangerous but gives e.g.
         | longer commutes and has less services and so on) have a higher
         | supply because of that. The sweet spot in good location and a
         | good price is going to have all houses and/or apartments taken.
         | Then the surprise happens, since supply is limited at this
         | sweet spot the prices tend to rise so you get that cliff
         | mentioned in the article.
        
         | burlesona wrote:
         | I've lived in small towns in Illinois and Texas, mid-sized in
         | North Carolina, and big cities in Texas and California. That's
         | enough to know that housing markets are wildly divergent across
         | the US, and really can't be generalized.
         | 
         | The author seems to be describing how things are in metro
         | Phoenix. Having not lived there, I'd assume it's as described.
         | 
         | I will say that my experience has been that there's a paradox:
         | it should be much easier to get by as a poor person in small
         | towns as everything costs a lot less, but paradoxically there's
         | even less work to do so it's hard to even come up with the low
         | local costs. In the end, poverty is always relative to the
         | local market.
        
         | simiones wrote:
         | > > a person's pay is determined by how rare their skills are
         | and how much demand there is for those skills. The value of
         | their work doesn't factor in as much
         | 
         | > What's the value of a person's work that isn't just
         | determined by the first part? What does the author think drives
         | demand, if not the prospective value you provide to the various
         | companies in the labor market?
         | 
         | The value of your work is "how much money would the company
         | lose if _no one_ did the exact job I am doing ". This generally
         | has 0 correlation to your wage, because in general a company
         | will think in terms of "how much money would the company lose
         | if _anyone else_ did the job this employee is doing ", which is
         | a very different question. This is how it happens that many
         | absolutely essential jobs, without which society would simply
         | stop functioning, are also among the lowest payed. Probably one
         | of the best examples is nurses, but also warehouse workers,
         | transport people, construction workers, farm hands.
        
           | carmen_sandiego wrote:
           | I assume that when he talks about 'rarity' of skills he's
           | talking about supply. Almost anyone can be a farm hand;
           | supply is huge and individual workers are fungible. So wages
           | are low.
           | 
           | "how much money would the company lose if no one did the
           | exact job I am doing" seems a bit of a moot point when it's
           | not even close to being the case that no-one would do the job
           | in question. _Expected_ value then approaches price paid as
           | you weight in the probability involved.
        
             | simiones wrote:
             | Well, this is exactly what he explains as the reality, and
             | I agree that this is how the job market works.
             | 
             | However, that's not to say that it is a good state of
             | affairs, or that it is the only way things could work. In
             | fact, the purpose of workers' unions is exactly to stop
             | this kind of thinking, and it seems like this may once
             | again start spreading a bit, given the recent movements in
             | Amazon and other places.
             | 
             | The problem with this is that the company is using its
             | leverage over workers to treat them as a commodity. If
             | workers had more leverage, they could refuse the job unless
             | they were paid a fair wage (the value of their work as I
             | defined it above), but as it is, they are forced to compete
             | with other workers since not working would see them and
             | their families homeless and maybe even dying of hunger.
             | 
             | With the current state of affairs, the company owners end
             | up extracting much more value from their workers as profit,
             | often by deliberately fixing the wage market (as we saw
             | with the illegal SV "no poaching" deal for tech workers),
             | or at least by seeking to attain geographical monopoly
             | status in it.
        
               | carmen_sandiego wrote:
               | I'm not sure it's ever going to be the case at the very
               | bottom of the skill continuum that workers won't be seen
               | as a commodity given just how replaceable they are to the
               | company. For some jobs you could have your whole
               | workforce strike, fire them, and replace them the next
               | day with a minor blip in productivity. The only thing
               | that stops that is regulation or wider organization than
               | just that particular worker segment, neither of which
               | seem forthcoming in the US, at least.
        
               | 1-more wrote:
               | Time was we had a labor movement and you're right: it
               | took extraordinary actions on both sides to move the
               | state of affairs back then.
        
               | simiones wrote:
               | Well, showing up to work for someplace that did this used
               | to be called "scabbing" and carried quite a bit of social
               | stigma. But yes, this requires wider organization and
               | some regulation. This type of organization and regulation
               | do exist in many places in the world, and can work
               | decently well.
        
       | throwaway271818 wrote:
       | Another throwaway because I don't want friends to know, but
       | another thing about being poor that people who are not don't
       | really understand is how much family can keep you down.
       | 
       | If you are the only person in your family to go to college/make
       | lots of $$$, there's this overwhelming feeling to want to help
       | your immediate or even extended family as much as you can.
       | Sending them a large chunk of your salary eats into your ability
       | to save and reinvest that money into more wealth.
       | 
       | It's kinda like having someone in the family who is a drug addict
       | and is incapable of keeping a decent job and providing for
       | themselves. Except instead of drugs they're just trying to
       | survive, and instead of it being a single person you can easily
       | dismiss for being an "addict", it's your whole family.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | TIL US actually turns off your water if you don't pay. More used
       | to flow restrictions. i.e. You'll have water to keep you alive
       | but good luck showering with 10% the normal pressure.
        
         | throwaway0a5e wrote:
         | This is highly refined (I'm gonna stop just short of calling if
         | "pure") FUD.
         | 
         | In practice nobody gets their utilities shut off except people
         | who were intending to pay their bill and slip through the
         | bureaucratic cracks (elderly with kids managing it is a common
         | scenario) or the person paying the bill doesn't live there and
         | stopped paying (e.g. landlord in foreclosure so they stopped
         | paying). I can't speak for literally every municipality but
         | there are defined timelines and it takes months to shut
         | utilities off. By the time they get around to shutting off your
         | water or electricity you've already missed god knows how many
         | payments on your rent and been through the full eviction
         | proceedings. I've also never seen a utility provider that won't
         | accept minimum payments. Providing some sort of financial
         | assistance services, payment plans and doing everything
         | possible to not shut people's utilities off is generally a
         | requirement of getting a government granted utility monopoly in
         | the first place.
         | 
         | Anyone who has to choose between utilities and something else
         | should choose the something else. Utilities tend to be
         | incredibly forgiving and willing to work with you if your
         | financial situation doesn't permit payment in full. In some
         | jurisdictions the debt doesn't even get reported (they just
         | keep trying to collect)
        
           | objectivetruth wrote:
           | I'm willing to use my real account, not a throwaway, to say
           | that the original article is correct and YOU are wrong.
           | 
           | For one thing, in a country the size of the US with tens of
           | thousands of jurisdiction/utility-provider combos, there's no
           | possible way you can authoritatively declare what happens "in
           | practice," as you acknowledge in the next sentence.
           | 
           | Here's another: _I_ have had this happen to me, 30 days after
           | a missed payment. Multiple times. So has the author,
           | apparently.
           | 
           | Just wanted to make sure the HN readership, which skews anti-
           | poor and anti-empathy, doesn't use your post as more ammo
           | without at least SOME counter.
        
         | sethammons wrote:
         | Fwiw, many water providers will continue services if any amount
         | is paid in good faith. Also worth noting (at least in
         | California): no water to the building means it is legally
         | uninhabitable: you can be forced from the property.
        
       | RGamma wrote:
       | Seeing this thread I understand why the "U"SA have become so
       | fucked. Sorry to all those 90s kids who grew up in the illusion
       | of a middle-class society.
       | 
       | Carrot for the well-situated, stick for the rest. The truly
       | amazing thing is how this system creates its own proponents
       | without any diction or explicit coercion like ideologies of old.
       | And by obfuscating its workings with complicated black boxes in
       | the form of financial and legal entities it can stay diffuse and
       | difficult to pinpoint.
       | 
       | Gratz to those who made it, could have been much easier in the
       | rest of the first world though.
        
       | Ensorceled wrote:
       | This article should have been titled "On being Poor-ish in
       | Phoenix" ... I don't think many of these issues apply to being
       | poor in, say, a small town/a smaller city/a city with transit or
       | in a country with a better social net.
        
         | TulliusCicero wrote:
         | There's definitely an American perspective there, where few
         | cities have decent transit, let alone good transit. But you're
         | not gonna escape the car problems in the states by moving to a
         | smaller town. If anything, that usually makes things worse.
        
       | piokoch wrote:
       | This is really touching. My impression was that in the US
       | government is not going to step out to help the poor, but there
       | is a lot of private charity that helps people. Isn't that the
       | case? I guess I might have idealized picture of American society,
       | but I always though that giving back to the others was consider
       | to be some kind of duty?
        
       | telesilla wrote:
       | _Sorry we missed you_ does a superb job of showing the cycle of
       | poverty and how it affects families. The accuracy of the film
       | stems from interviews while director Ken Loach was filming I,
       | Daniel Blake in Newcastle.
        
         | robtherobber wrote:
         | I can wholeheartedly recommend that film (and Ken Loach's
         | filmns in general). The following review excerpt [1] is telling
         | and heartbreaking:
         | 
         |  _The stakes of the film are simultaneously huge and small. The
         | Turners don't need much. Some stability; a steady income, of
         | course; more time would be a dream. Really, though, the most
         | precious thing they have is each other. But there's no time for
         | that because then there'd be no money._
         | 
         | [1] https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/04/movies/sorry-we-missed-
         | yo...
        
           | sethammons wrote:
           | There were a couple of years where I saw my wife for
           | approximately 3 minutes a day. She worked nights and I worked
           | days (plus school) and we saw each other as we handed off the
           | kid as I walked in the door and she walked out. I was asleep
           | when she got home and she was asleep when I left in tue
           | morning.
        
       | sethammons wrote:
       | > You are also more or less forced to learn to do mechanic work.
       | 
       | You are forced to do all your own work, unless the landlord will
       | help. I am no longer poor and broke, but I spent roughly my first
       | three decades there. I recall a colleague saying they were
       | redoing their walk way; it blew my mind they paid someone to do
       | it -- the concept of paying someone to do something for you is
       | not something I experienced growing up. I now can afford
       | contractors and it still is not my first (or second or third)
       | thought when I need work done.
        
         | sanderjd wrote:
         | I think that interestingly, once you can afford to have someone
         | do something for you, it is often (even usually) cheaper to do
         | it that way than to do it yourself. If it is something you
         | don't know how to do, then you are paying for the education in
         | some way, either in your own time to learn how to do it, or in
         | the lower quality that usually comes out of future value
         | somehow (either resale value or it-needs-to-be-done-again
         | cost). If it's something you already know how to do, then
         | you're paying yourself for your own time rather than someone
         | else paying you for that time. Of course there are lots of
         | trade offs and balances to strike, but as a rule the bigger the
         | project is the less I think I can save money by doing it
         | myself.
        
         | Terretta wrote:
         | The article touches on this with "don't by a spatula from
         | Craigslist".
         | 
         | No matter your income, what you're really doing is trading time
         | for goods and services, the money is just a token.
         | 
         | When "doing your own work", be mindful of the opportunity cost
         | of your time. What's your rate versus the handyman's rate? If
         | you fix the porch, are you less able to pick up that overtime
         | shift?
         | 
         | This needs to be genuine trade off, not aspirational. For
         | example, one lots of folks don't consider: what's the cost of
         | your commute time, and if you could live significantly closer
         | for a little more rent or mortgage, could you _and would you_
         | put that time to a use with payback /upside? In a recent
         | datascience article, the author analyzed rents and locations to
         | save a few pounds, tolerating a 50 minute commute. What could
         | they generate with an extra _40 hours_ of productive time a
         | month, and would they do that or watch the telly?
         | 
         | Reframe as: what can you do with your tradeoffs on time that
         | adds pay-it-forward energy to your financial flywheel?
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | The key is whether there is actually opportunity cost. Unless
           | I would _otherwise be earning money_ , the monetary value of
           | my time is zero. Usually, I'd otherwise be screwing around
           | with a hobby, playing video games, or other things that don't
           | earn me money. Therefore, I aim to DIY as much as I can.
           | Paying someone to fix my car or the drain under my sink seems
           | like a ridiculous expense if I can do it myself for free.
           | 
           | If instead I were constantly working on $100/hr
           | contracts/gigs, and fixing something would take actual time
           | out of that work, then I would be more tempted to pay someone
           | $60/hr to do something I could otherwise do myself.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Taylor_OD wrote:
           | At some point though time doesnt really equal money. For many
           | we can find a way to make money with that time. But if you
           | are working a low income job that does not allow for overtime
           | pay and you don't have skills you can use to generate income
           | on the side... money is money and time is time.
        
             | Terretta wrote:
             | That's the gist of my second to last paragraph. For this
             | time value to be real, _could_ you and _would_ you be able
             | to redeploy the time? This scenario was premised on having
             | the skills to do your own repair work.
             | 
             | To be clear, I'm acknowledging your position, but hold that
             | it is, by and large, a trap to believe that time cannot be
             | leveraged. For instance, can you fix someone else's porch
             | for more than you'd save by fixing your own? Probably.
             | 
             | What works to low end income advantage here is that if
             | you're at the left end of the income bell curve, there are
             | many more people to the right of you who can compensate you
             | for your time to free up theirs, while those still lower
             | than you can be leveraged to free up yours. Not saying it's
             | easy to find one's ratchet, but odds are high a ratchet is
             | there.
        
       | gwbas1c wrote:
       | I very rarely read long Hacker News articles to the end. This one
       | is fascinating.
       | 
       | A few years ago I watched a Netflix series about extreme
       | cheapskates. (I think it was called "Extreme Cheapskates.") The
       | thing that struck me were the older "cheapskates" who realized
       | the kind of economics in this article. They retired young and
       | follow many of the same habits described in this article, and are
       | totally happy.
       | 
       | One guy bikes everywhere and only eats weird cuts of meat and
       | fish that no one else wants. Then he scrounges loose change in
       | parking lots to pay for his "vacations." Another family only buys
       | "expired but good" food and has a creative way to replace toilet
       | paper. They got into the habit when they needed to get out of
       | debt and just decided that they'd rather put their money
       | elsewhere.
       | 
       | The series made me NEVER complain about money again, even while I
       | was unemployed during the pandemic.
        
       | mudita wrote:
       | I was poor for some time after deciding to quit my computer
       | science phd for a career in art. I guess I still am compared to
       | others, but it does not feel that way any more. When I was really
       | poor, worrying about money and how to pay the next rent was a
       | regular source of stress for me, which took quite a lot of
       | emotional energy.
       | 
       | Now I still have much lower income than people, who have regular
       | well-paying jobs, but I do not feel poor. I have no savings and
       | there are some things, which feel totally out of reach like
       | owning a car or house, but I do not have to worry about money and
       | I can afford a lot of luxuries like visiting theatres very often
       | and eating out.
       | 
       | Regarding housing: I remember living in a tiny room in a shared
       | flat in the worst part of town, above a brothel, a shady car
       | dealer and a Hookah lounge (which was often very loud, very late
       | into the night). Sometimes I had problems paying rent, but there
       | just was no cheaper less-quality alternative.
       | 
       | Regarding transportation: I am so glad, that I live in a place,
       | where you can live very comfortably without a car.
       | 
       | Similarly with health care. I think the US is just an especially
       | bad place to be poor in compared to Europe.
       | 
       | Financially switching from computer science to art has been a
       | very bad decision, but overall it was the best decision in my
       | life. It really helped me deal with my tendencies for
       | depressions, because it allows me to feel more meaning in my life
       | and suits me better. I do not think that I would have dared this
       | switch in the US. I don't know what would have happened if I had
       | lived in the states, if I would have found other ways to cope
       | with depression or if I would have slipped into deeper and deeper
       | depressive episodes without a way out, but I am glad that I did
       | not have to find out.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > Financially switching from computer science to art has been a
         | very bad decision, but overall it was the best decision in my
         | life.
         | 
         | This reminded me of a friend who graduated with a BA in
         | "design" (I'm not sure), got a high-paying job as a web
         | designer, and quit that to become a teacher at some type of
         | extracurricular enrichment place for very young children.
         | 
         | The new place didn't pay well -- or even reliably -- but she
         | liked it more.
        
         | sql_monkey wrote:
         | Thank you for sharing. Your comment highlights something
         | important I believe when talking about poverty. One common
         | argument against any type of government help is that poor
         | people should just work harder and pull themselves by the
         | bootstrap.
         | 
         | However the situation you describe above shows the many side-
         | effects of being poor which impede life in general: lack of
         | proper sleep (because you live in a noisy area with no other
         | choice), constant stress (paying rent, maybe dangerous
         | neighborhood, etc.), probably not affording good quality food,
         | etc. etc.
         | 
         | Add these side-effects up and one quickly understand that
         | getting out of poverty is an herculean task and I personally
         | couldn't blame someone for not making it.
        
           | 6510 wrote:
           | > One common argument against any type of government help is
           | that poor people should just work harder and pull themselves
           | by the bootstrap.
           | 
           | Even in a fully emotionally detached view a government should
           | do what it takes to upgrade citizens to healthy productive
           | members of society.
        
           | bradleyjg wrote:
           | I'd go further---why do all narratives around poverty have to
           | revolve around the middle class? Either someone used to be
           | middle class and is now poor, grew up poor and is now middle
           | class or at very least is moving towards that end.
           | 
           | Where are the stories about people born into poverty, still
           | in poverty, and not likely to be anything but poor for the
           | rest of their lives? There are lots of people like this and
           | cutting out their stories distorts our perceptions.
        
             | collyw wrote:
             | > Where are the stories about people born into poverty,
             | still in poverty, and not likely to be anything but poor
             | for the rest of their lives?
             | 
             | Thomas Sowell says that it's actually a pretty small
             | percentage of people like that. Most poor people are young
             | and most rich people are old. Young people become older and
             | the vast majority work their way up the pay scale to some
             | extent.
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | Seems like the thing to put some numbers on. If that
               | perpetually poor narrative is only true for 1% of
               | Americans, that's a population bigger than my hometown
               | being forever mischaracterized and unrepresented.
               | Ignoring the realities of others' lives is how we got
               | rising fascism.
               | 
               | I doubt many are comforted in knowing they're a
               | statistical minority.
        
             | throw1234651234 wrote:
             | I imagine no one cares about those stories for the most
             | part, other than Jack London and Anton Chekhov.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | airhead969 wrote:
         | Ever slept in a bus station? I have, in the US. I went for 3
         | years without any healthcare, and then it took another 7 years
         | and a lawyer (who took $16k USD) to get more permanent help.
         | 
         | One thing is for certain: with 99.99% of people, their
         | friendliness (or meanness) is proportional to the size of your
         | bank account.
         | 
         | If you want to know how people truly are, become actually poor,
         | filthy, and seem depressed, then you will know their nature.
        
           | jbluepolarbear wrote:
           | I have, I've also lived in a car, showered in gyms/public
           | bathrooms and it sucks. Especially, if you're trying to keep
           | up an image at work and don't want them to know you're
           | homeless.
        
           | austincheney wrote:
           | > If you want to know how people truly are, become actually
           | poor, filthy, and seem depressed, then you will know their
           | nature.
           | 
           | You don't need to be homeless to discover that some people
           | lack sympathy. I lack sympathy. It doesn't mean I'm an
           | asshole. Sympathy isn't empathy (huge distinction). Some
           | people can't tell the difference and everyone is just bad
           | (cue the big tears).
           | 
           | This is especially true if you're a freeloader. I imagine
           | most people are just as honest about freeloaders regardless
           | if they are homeless or supremely wealthy. This problem isn't
           | mean people, but rather poor self-analysis and playing a
           | victim. Most people don't want anything to do with that
           | nonsense, which is extremely unsympathetic.
        
             | anon_tor_12345 wrote:
             | >This is especially true if you're a freeloader.
             | 
             | says the guy that was a pog for 24 years...
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | ausbah wrote:
             | you know "free loaders" aren't why most people are homeless
             | right?
        
               | Cullinet wrote:
               | in one specific case I will willingly describe where that
               | is precisely the reality that needs to be faced. (hardly
               | gladly will I recount my experiences, I am barely past
               | the stages of pure shock, I became homeless as the result
               | of extensive almost decade long criminal harassment
               | following when I accidentally uncovered a systematic
               | fraud in government. ironically - actually I am pretty
               | sure intentionally - the fraud is in housing and crosses
               | the institutional walls between central and local
               | government and into the world of QUANGOS and charities
               | ostensibly helping the homeless but inextricably
               | involved.
               | 
               | the systematic enfranchisement of fraud in east London
               | public housing authority and agencies intertwined and
               | inseparable from hard drug dealing, is maintaining a
               | permanent and pernicious status quo where under housing
               | in consequence is denied by individuals who are
               | officially homeless and who collectively by reason of
               | being sufficiently well financially provided for by
               | exceptional and exclusive permissive authority, exist en
               | masse as a block preventing both the most needy to get
               | housed from the street and the eligible and worthy to
               | move on into permanent housing that they can sustain.
               | 
               | the situation is naturally more complicated than this,
               | but essentially these are the conditions that have such a
               | deleterious effect on the public : the mode of cash money
               | available for spending to the majority cohort is greater
               | than the average free for spending cash income in London
               | as a whole ; the percentage of technically "homeless"
               | people who are housed ostensibly only temporarily but
               | effective permanently on the doorstep of the City's
               | financial center who are habitual beggars is greatly in
               | excess of 50% and I can attest closer to 90 percent in my
               | own experience ; income from begging frequently exceeds
               | USD 1000 per week. ; organised crime is permeated
               | throughout every corner of the entire environment these
               | people - indeed any homeless person - encounters.
               | 
               | I'll simply respond to any questions rather than drown
               | you in the details straight away. of course, into this
               | vipers' nest fell lil'ol'me who was raised by a Great
               | Depression banker and brought up learning accounting from
               | my pay dissecting the over valuation applied to the
               | pension fund of his newly commercialized thrift which was
               | paying their former board manager and one time gm
               | responsible for their greatest historic growth, just 82
               | British pounds a week supposedly index linked... this
               | ain't over quite yet due to the pandemic messing with
               | case progression, so you might hear more yet.. I can rout
               | out plentiful public sources meantime if you're
               | particularly interested although if you are please
               | forgive me in advance for being rather circumspect about
               | who is who and the whys and wherefores, because this is
               | long ago passed into the physical danger territory for
               | not merely me but including anyone who has helped..
               | 
               | edited by necessity of brevity, excerpted text in profile
        
               | joshuaissac wrote:
               | Your comment is very difficult to read and understand.
               | The sentences are too long and borders on purple prose.
               | There are too many strands of thought packed into a
               | single sentence.
               | 
               | I understand you are saying that you discovered some
               | potential government fraud, and that homeless Londoners
               | are being recruited by organised criminals, but not how
               | the two are related.
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | It's nowhere near the majority case, but I have
               | definitely met freeloader panhandlers when they were off
               | duty. One was an older couple who made their grandkids
               | put on ratty clothes and hold signs in the city, so they
               | could continue living on the road in their very nice RV.
               | I met them at a campground when I was a kid, and the
               | grandkids accidentally let slip that "the bank" was code
               | for panhandling.
               | 
               | The other was clearly a bit mentally unhinged. He pulled
               | up in a _very_ nice Mercedes with a bunch of weird
               | slogans silkscreened on the back window that would put
               | Qanon to shame, but this was in 2004. If I remember right
               | he showed us his fine suits in the trunk of the car. Told
               | us about his private compound where he lived. Then
               | proceeded to dance and sing in the middle of the street
               | in his bum clothes.
        
               | austincheney wrote:
               | Most of the people I have known that I would label as
               | "freeloaders" seem to have some combination of
               | developmental emotional abuse and mental health issues
               | that are either not diagnosed or not properly medicated.
               | They tend to become homeless of their own accord and tend
               | to blame people for the relationships they destroy.
               | 
               | At first it comes off as entitlement when they assume
               | free access to other people's property, time, and
               | resources when those other people are trying to help. But
               | after a long enough period of direct social involvement
               | it becomes frustratingly clear the behavior is something
               | like a passive non-violent anti-social behavior. It can
               | be sad to watch. Its worse if they have children.
        
               | BunsanSpace wrote:
               | Very location dependant.
               | 
               | In my city the majourity of panhandlers you see have
               | homes, and choose not to work and beg on the street. You
               | can tell who's homeless because they don't bother you,
               | they sit in silence, or in front of a shelter. Or they
               | ask for food rather than money.
               | 
               | People harassing you for money? Panhandlers.
               | 
               | I'm sure it's different in cities that have higher costs
               | of living s.t. a min wage earner can't afford rent
               | anywhere.
        
               | forgotmypw17 wrote:
               | No offense, but I don't think you personally know a
               | single homeless person.
        
               | tehwebguy wrote:
               | lmao have you been stalking panhandlers in your city to
               | see where they go at the end of the day?
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | Drugs almost always this
        
               | collyw wrote:
               | I know in my home town some of the homeless weren't
               | actually homeless, just scammers begging for money at pub
               | closing time.
        
               | austincheney wrote:
               | I didn't say that.
        
               | cjaybo wrote:
               | No, but if there is no relation between the two then I'm
               | not sure why the second paragraph is relevant here.
        
               | austincheney wrote:
               | Freeloading isn't related to homelessness in many cases
               | (perhaps most), but it is very related to what I replied
               | to.
        
             | airhead969 wrote:
             | You may have missed the point, so I'll state it explicitly:
             | almost all people lack empathy, it's just more than some
             | have the self-control not to stab homeless people to death.
             | 
             | Sympathy, gratuity, and freeloading are somewhere off in
             | the distance.
             | 
             | I hope you're not trying to slip in some duplicitous
             | language to accuse me of being freeloader. What does it
             | have to do with anything?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | austincheney wrote:
               | > almost all people lack empathy
               | 
               | There isn't any empirical assessment that agrees with
               | that. A lack of empathy is narcissism, which only applies
               | to a small percentage of any population according to most
               | of the research on this subject.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | > One thing is for certain: with 99.99% of people, their
           | friendliness (or meanness) is proportional to the size of
           | your bank account.
           | 
           | This is worth repeating. Sadly we're talking 99.99% of _all_
           | people world wide, not just in country X.
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | > If you want to know how people truly are, become actually
           | poor, filthy, and seem depressed, then you will know their
           | nature.
           | 
           | I guess it's just that so many poor, dirty people act
           | mentally unhinged and (potentially) dangerous that you start
           | to assume that about all of them.
           | 
           | I find that I try to avoid them right up until they force me
           | to interact with them and I find out they're one of the
           | (relatively) normal ones. Then I'm perfectly happy to buy
           | them a sandwich (or two, if I'm going to buy you breakfast
           | might as well have a decent one).
           | 
           | I'm not quite sure why it works this way.
        
             | dazc wrote:
             | Please don't overlook the people who are not dirty or
             | mentally unhinged.
             | 
             | The guy sat on the same bench you walk past everyday, the
             | guy you see sat in the library everyday, etc. Not every
             | homeless person acts like a homeless person and you see
             | them everywhere once you start looking.
        
             | marcusverus wrote:
             | > I'm not quite sure why it works this way.
             | 
             | It works this way because people are, rationally, more
             | interested in their own physical safety than they are in
             | the feelings of strangers.
             | 
             | Anecdote: I was in San Francisco a few years back. There
             | were homeless folks everywhere. Some were nice, even
             | chatty. We felt at ease even when walking through areas
             | that were full of homeless folks. But a couple of days into
             | our trip, a homeless dude accosted a coworker on the
             | sidewalk. He shouted violent threats, shoved my coworker,
             | and told him not to come back. When I asked my coworker
             | what set the guy off, he said that he had absolutely no
             | idea.
             | 
             | That experience changed how I interacted with homeless
             | folks for the remainder of the trip. I made no eye contact.
             | I avoided areas with groups of homeless folks. I did not
             | respond when spoken to. Is that fair to the average
             | homeless person, who is perfectly normal, just down on
             | their luck? To be perfectly honest, I do not care. My
             | physical safety comes before your feelings. Full stop.
        
               | Lambdanaut wrote:
               | "Rationally"? You mentioned you had all sorts of nice
               | experiences with homeless people and then one bad actor
               | caused you to choose out of all of the attributes of this
               | person, their lack of a home, to be the one for you to
               | blanket-label all people like this as dangerous enough to
               | place them outside of your treat-like-a-human-being
               | sphere.
               | 
               | Nah, there is not a rational way to blanket label groups
               | like this from a sample size of 1. That's your trauma
               | talking.
        
               | tangjurine wrote:
               | ...
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | Yeah, it's the trauma. That's the point. The potential
               | cost of a single violent interaction is extremely high.
               | There is relatively no reward for being pleasant to the
               | 99% who just happen to look an awful lot like the one who
               | tried to stab you.
               | 
               | It is the same rationale behind profiling. Which is to
               | say, it _is_ rational, just ineffective and with a number
               | of bad side effects.
        
               | pb7 wrote:
               | All it takes is one to seriously physically hurt you. You
               | wouldn't leave your doors unlocked while away just
               | because 99% of passerbys won't check whether it is.
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | You can't deny that in terms of Bayesian probability, the
               | odds are higher for a homeless person to be mentally
               | unhinged than for the average person. Simply because
               | mental illness is often the cause for homelessness.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > Is that fair to the average homeless person, who is
               | perfectly normal, just down on their luck?
               | 
               | This is not an accurate description of the average
               | homeless person.
        
               | exolymph wrote:
               | The point is, that doesn't matter. It only takes one
               | unhinged person to fuck up your day.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | dazc wrote:
           | This resonates with me as someone who has been homeless for
           | a, thankfully, short period of time. I was given a chance to
           | get back on my feet by someone who was almost as poor as I
           | was, he did have a house and a couch I could sleep on though.
           | Ten years later I have no money worries, and because we
           | remain good friends, neither does he.
        
       | fallingknife wrote:
       | I'm surprised he doesn't know not to pay rent for the last month
       | and make them use the deposit for it. That's what I always did
       | when I was poor. No way they're gonna evict you in 30 days,
       | especially if they know you're leaving anyway.
       | 
       | Also his car cost is way off: https://cars.usnews.com/cars-
       | trucks/cheapest-lease-deals
        
         | choeger wrote:
         | That came to my mind as well. If I don't expect the deposit
         | back and cannot afford to claim it, let's just turn the tables
         | and make _them_ claim something from _me_.
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | Here in the UK that would destroy any chances of renting
           | anything decent in the future. Any agency/landlord will
           | always ask for references from your current landlord, if you
           | dick them over like this you can forget ever renting
           | something that isn't a slum where people don't care about
           | references.
           | 
           | Also deposits are always(by law) held by a third party in
           | escrow, and it's actually a bit of a pain to claim any money
           | from that as a landlord, so it's really rare that people lose
           | their deposits unless the place is absolutely wrecked.
        
             | Hard_Space wrote:
             | In reality (in the UK), those references precede your
             | current landlord getting to check your apartment's
             | condition out. By the time the landlord has ascertained the
             | state of the property, the reference has usually been
             | given.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | In the US you can sue for anything. Smart landlords only
             | confirm that someone lived there, and other easily
             | verifiable information, since if they sometimes give a good
             | reference and sometimes neutral that means neutral
             | references are bad and they can be sued for that. If you
             | get a anything more as reference from a landlord it is
             | because you were bad enough that the landlord sued and won
             | (it is safe to assume this never happens, though there are
             | exceptions)
             | 
             | Don't confuse suing with winning. You can sue someone and
             | lose, but the lawyers will still cost both sides a lot of
             | money.
        
             | treis wrote:
             | >Any agency/landlord will always ask for references from
             | your current landlord
             | 
             | Give them your buddies contact information.
        
         | buescher wrote:
         | He chose a car manufacturer that no longer makes compact sedans
         | for his example, which is flat-out deceptive.
         | 
         | Someone who can write that well can probably find ways to make
         | more money if he needs it - what else is he trying to deceive
         | us about?
        
         | cableshaft wrote:
         | You can't even get a lease with bad credit. And with poor
         | credit you're not getting these "$200/month" offers for leases.
         | Those assume pretty good credit scores, which you almost
         | certainly won't have if you're poor enough you have to let
         | utilities get shut off.
        
         | watertom wrote:
         | Maybe in the old days not paying your last month's rent would
         | be an option but not today.
         | 
         | Nobody who is truly poor would skip out on the last month rent
         | unless they were desperate, because the landlord will find
         | things wrong with the apartment and will charge you the most or
         | all of the security deposit. Then they will file an unpaid dept
         | claim, turn it over to a debt collection agency and it will hit
         | your credit score. Which means in the future you have to rent
         | in the really scary parts of the city, and if you don't want to
         | rent in the really scary part of the city you'll pay your last
         | month's rent. Also a lot of jobs check credit scores, a bad
         | report could keep the author from getting hired.
         | 
         | In regard to the car, the author doesn't have the credit score
         | or income level to even qualify for the lease let alone, "the
         | cheapest lease deals", not to mention the author certainly
         | doesn't have the $3K down payment. If you are thinking that
         | they can just roll the down payment into the lease, well they
         | only let you do that if you have the best credit score.
        
           | waaaaaaat wrote:
           | upstanding citizen who briefly rented from a slumlord (NYC)
           | here. When it became obvious my landlord wasn't gonna give me
           | my deposit back I just didn't pay the last month's rent.
           | never heard another word about it. I left the place spotless,
           | as I would've regardless of anything related to the deposit.
        
       | protomyth wrote:
       | You end up with some things that stick with you even if they make
       | no sense anymore and are a lot more suspicious of people's
       | motives because you've seen how parts of society get away with
       | some crap.
       | 
       | I still won't eat fish willingly. In the USA, Check where police
       | checkpoints are setup on the morning of the 1st in your area.
       | Notice what is on-sale and what the displays are in the grocery
       | stores on the 1st. Check the EBT signs in your local gas station.
       | Just some examples of the odd things most people don't notice.
        
       | RickJWagner wrote:
       | Craigslist, bah.
       | 
       | Facebook marketplace is where it's at.
       | 
       | A really enjoyable article, though. Thanks to the author.
        
       | burlesona wrote:
       | This is a great write-up, and as someone who spent time being
       | poor-ish, it really resonated.
       | 
       | What I realized from my own life experience: the US sawed the
       | bottom rungs off the ladder in the 1950s when it suburbanized.
       | There is no affordable housing or transportation in 95% of the
       | North American land area, and virtually every societal problem we
       | deal with either stems from this or is made worse by it. Then the
       | healthcare disaster is the cherry on top.
       | 
       | The US is a great place to live and work with tremendous upward
       | mobility ---- but only if you can stay above the event horizon
       | which is reliable car ownership and insurance coverage (health,
       | home/renters, auto). If you fall under that, you will need help
       | or a lot of good luck to get back out.
        
         | deeeeplearning wrote:
         | >The US is a great place to live and work with tremendous
         | upward mobility
         | 
         | Always confused by this notion. People act as if the US is the
         | only place this is possible but not only is it possible in most
         | of the western world, there is in fact BETTER mobility in the
         | much of the western world relative to the US. The US isn't even
         | in the Top 10!
         | 
         | https://www.businessinsider.com/countries-where-intergenerat...
        
           | deeeeplearning wrote:
           | Pretty confused by the downvotes. People don't like data?
           | 
           | I mean in fact it's worse than people think and you are no
           | longer likely to make more than your parents when a few
           | decades ago you had a 90% chance of doing so.
           | 
           | https://www.nber.org/papers/w22910
           | 
           | Never expected such a ra-ra USA #1 vibe on HN. Especially in
           | the face of data that says otherwise.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | I guess most people just don't know the numbers and go by gut
           | feeling, mass media and what they learned in
           | (primary/secondary) school many years ago.
        
           | jawzz wrote:
           | You're blatantly misquoting the person you're replying to.
        
             | deeeeplearning wrote:
             | In what way. You would call being 18th in income mobility
             | "tremendous?" I wouldn't.
        
         | treis wrote:
         | >There is no affordable housing or transportation in 95% of the
         | North American land area
         | 
         | This just isn't true. The majority of the US has cheap housing.
         | The person who wrote the article lives in Pheonix where you can
         | get houses for 200k or under. Like this perfectly good 3 bed 2
         | br for 200k:
         | 
         | https://www.redfin.com/AZ/Phoenix/8520-W-Palm-Ln-85037/unit-...
         | 
         | Housing costs are out of control in a handful of places in the
         | US. In the rest of them it's as cheap as ever. Or even cheaper
         | given the very low interest rates.
         | 
         | It can be stupid cheap to live in the US. Rent a room for
         | $4-500, buy a late model Toyota for $5k, and eat like a poor
         | person. It's pretty easy to accumulate enough money to break
         | the cycle of poverty.
         | 
         | The big pitfall is health. If you're sick then yeah you're
         | pretty screwed. But outside of that as long as you avoid
         | unplanned kids, jail, and drugs it's pretty smooth sailing
        
           | Barracoon wrote:
           | The author of the submitted article spent multiple paragraphs
           | describing how it is not pretty easy to accumulate enough
           | money to break the cycle of poverty, so if you want to maybe
           | write a long form explaining how to effectively and
           | realistically do so for people in this situation, that'd be
           | great.
        
             | treis wrote:
             | The author spent multiple paragraphs giving excuses why
             | it's hard. The way out doesn't take that long to explain.
             | Say we have someone netting 2k a month or 24k a year:
             | 
             | For a month:
             | 
             | Room - $500 Food - $200 Health Insurance - $0 w/ Obamacare
             | subsidies Other Necessities - $200 Entertainment - $100
             | 
             | So we have $1,000 left over and have to deal with
             | transportation. Our target is something like this 2009
             | Toyota Matrix with 100k miles for $3,900:
             | 
             | https://phoenix.craigslist.org/wvl/cto/d/peoria-2009-toyota
             | -...
             | 
             | If we have $3,900 in the bank great. If not, life is going
             | to suck for the next ~6 months while we save every penny
             | and rely on the bus until we have the cash to afford it.
             | Once we have it then we will have reliable transportation
             | and can budget about $500 a month for car expenses
             | including replacing this one when it breaks down. Leaving
             | us:
             | 
             | Room - $500 Food - $200 Health Insurance - $0 w/ Obamacare
             | subsidies Other Necessities - $200 Entertainment - $100
             | Car- $500
             | 
             | For a total of $1,500. $500 left over to accumulate some
             | savings and/or pay for stuff we missed.
             | 
             | Next goal would be to use one of the many down payment
             | assistance programs
             | (https://www.arizonadownpaymentassistance.com/down-payment-
             | pr...) to buy a home like the one I linked to. Then we rent
             | out a room or two for ~$500 reducing our housing expenses
             | while building equity.
             | 
             | As long as we don't get sick, don't have a kid, and don't
             | start doing drugs we're going to be sitting pretty nice
             | after a few years.
        
               | mattlondon wrote:
               | 500 for car expenses _a month_? Seems crazy to put away
               | 6k a year to maintain a car that is under 4k. If you need
               | to spend 500 a month to keep the car on the road you need
               | to get a different car.
               | 
               | A good used Toyota or Mazda or Honda will run for YEARS
               | and huge mileages with only basic maintenance - like one
               | oil change and new windscreen wipers every year levels of
               | maintenance. Nothing breaks. These sorts of used civics
               | or corollas etc that are maybe 5 -8 years old can be had
               | for PS3-6k or less (in UK at least). I've owned several
               | over the past decade or two and they never have anything
               | major wrong with them in terms of mechanical breakdowns.
               | I have only got rid of them when I have "upgraded".
               | 
               | Running costs are negligible beyond the cost of fuel.
               | Insurance is usually low as they are cheap to repair with
               | plentiful parts etc. I pay about PS300/year for my 2011
               | Toyota a(nd that was a year after a claim to replacing
               | the catalytic converter that someone stole). Beyond that
               | I estimate about another PS250 a year for basic
               | servicing, MOT (UK annual roadworthiness checks) and
               | replacing consumables like bulbs or the odd tyre.
        
           | keyboardCowBoy wrote:
           | I signed up just to respond to you because I live in Phoenix
           | and there is no affordable housing here in a desirable
           | neighborhood. There are no single family homes under 200K in
           | Phoenix. A decent started sized home will cost you almost
           | 300K and good luck finding one. That example you gave is a
           | home that is in an area you wouldn't want to send your kids
           | to the schools, walk around at night, and crime has been
           | rampant in Maryvale since the 1990s and has been getting
           | worse. There is a reason its priced like that. On a side note
           | the home's yard is very small and is near Desert SkyMall
           | which has had multiple shooting and deaths over the last few
           | years. Just google desert sky mall shootings.
        
         | skohan wrote:
         | I sometimes wonder if that event horizon is encroaching higher
         | and higher up the economic ladder over time. Most of the people
         | in my personal cohort - with university degrees and good
         | careers - have no problem living a good life in the US. But
         | with the rapid inflation of the cost of healthcare, higher
         | education and housing, I wonder how that lifestyle can possibly
         | become accessible to people who weren't essentially born into
         | it. I think increased stratification in terms of lifestyle and
         | opportunity is not good long term for social cohesion or
         | political stability.
        
           | blaser-waffle wrote:
           | That event horizon is shifting: "K-shaped recovery" -- you're
           | either moving on up or moving on down.
        
           | bradleyjg wrote:
           | Politicians all of a sudden care a lot when problems start to
           | hit the second quintile.
        
           | ReptileMan wrote:
           | It is called cost disease. Staying above is getting harder
           | and harder.
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | This is very much the trend I saw over the 2000s-2010s.
           | 
           |  _Most of the people in my personal cohort - with university
           | degrees and good careers - have no problem living a good life
           | in the US. But with the rapid inflation of the cost of
           | healthcare, higher education and housing, I wonder how that
           | lifestyle can possibly become accessible to people who weren
           | 't essentially born into it._
           | 
           | I know many people who _were_ born into a middle-class or
           | upper-middle-class lifestyle, pursued career paths that didn
           | 't involve the tech industry (because they were specifically
           | encouraged to "do whatever you want"), and are now living
           | below their parents' standards of living and will probably
           | always be poorer than their parents.
           | 
           | They aren't bum artists either; they work in offices 8-6, and
           | have 5+ years of experience and sophisticated professional
           | skills. But they are being paid 2011 wages in a 2021 housing
           | market, and it all strikes me as tremendously unfair.
           | 
           | Median house prices in the USA are now _above_ their pre-
           | crash peak, and have been increasing much much faster than
           | the CPI[0]. Something fucky is going on, and I doubt it 's
           | all because of the "free" market.
           | 
           | [0]: chart https://files.catbox.moe/kvppyj.png and data
           | https://files.catbox.moe/tqj9vb.csv
        
             | bradleyjg wrote:
             | > Something fucky is going on, and I doubt it's all because
             | of the "free" market.
             | 
             | At first the suburban house as bottomless bank account was
             | a result of "natural" forces like the baby boom and white
             | flight. But people came to assume it, and then demand it.
             | Politicians have obliged since homeowners are an extremely
             | large and powerful demographic. Prior to 2008 we at least
             | pretended to have a private mortgage industry. Now we don't
             | even bother with a fig leaf.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | After the 2008 crash, it became politically impossible to
               | let house prices drop, so the government will basically
               | do anything to prop them up. Too many elderly voters who
               | depend on their home equity to fund their lifestyles. I
               | think we'll look back at 2020 as the moment the same
               | political pressure happened to stock market prices.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | 21st century is: we're turning everything into a market,
               | far fewer easy but well-paid jobs, if older people had to
               | actually face the brunt of it they would lose their
               | homes.
               | 
               | People who can't handle technology don't have a chance
               | nowadays.
        
             | sct202 wrote:
             | In my peer group people are focusing on the monthly
             | payments, rather than the loan amount. And mortgage rates
             | are like half what they were in the last housing bubble
             | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MORTGAGE30US
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | My peer group is probably a bit younger, and they/I are
               | all renting or are relatively new homeowners. The
               | "sticker price" on houses matters to my group a lot, as
               | does monthly rent.
               | 
               | I'd love to find a FRED-like data source for median
               | _rental_ rates over time and /or an index thereof. I
               | suspect that rents are generally correlated with sale
               | prices on a multi-year time scale.
        
               | JMTQp8lwXL wrote:
               | Leaving them with no room to refinance in future, since
               | rates practically cannot drop further for mortgage
               | lending to be viable.
               | 
               | People taking loans in 2021 sure better hope for the
               | continued devaluation of the dollar. It's the only way to
               | keep the debt burden manageable.
        
               | SomewhatLikely wrote:
               | Serious question: why would they care about refinancing
               | if their rate is low? Regarding dollar devaluation: I
               | don't there there has been a single year since we
               | abandoned the gold standard where the dollar didn't
               | devalue. And the Fed has explicitly okayed higher
               | inflation going forward.
        
           | hardwaregeek wrote:
           | Definitely. At least in my generation it feels like the boat
           | is sinking and everybody's scrambling to be above deck. The
           | majority of my high school class is going into tech or tech-
           | adjacent industries for that reason.
        
         | cwp wrote:
         | I noticed this after spending time in developing countries.
         | They are set up much better for being poor. Trivial example:
         | you can go into a pharmacy and buy two aspirin. Some people
         | can't afford 100 at a time, and don't need that many anyway.
         | 
         | Or rent: you can get a place to live for only $60/month.
         | There's no running water, but it's clean and dry and it has a
         | lock on the door. The cheapest place you can find in the US is
         | a lot nicer, but also much more expensive.
         | 
         | Buses have no route maps, no shelters and no doors. They might
         | not come to a complete stop when they pick you up. But you can
         | ride for 25C/.
         | 
         | The US has a kind of minimum standard of living, but it comes
         | with a minimum cost of living. If you can't afford that, you
         | end up with nothing.
        
           | nine_zeros wrote:
           | A lot of cities in developing countries are built around
           | cities/villages of the past. Today, they are redeveloping
           | those, so they have infrastructural problems of the kind
           | where they struggle to rip something out and redesign (unless
           | you are China).
           | 
           | America got a clean slate in 1700s. And completely fucked it
           | up over the years with massive suburbanization. America could
           | have been Europe++ or Japan++ but instead we are a economic
           | meat grinder with soulless suburbia being the pinnacle of a
           | dream life.
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | This is what's ridiculous about much of the zoning and
           | building codes here. People don't want poor people living in
           | sub-optimal housing, so instead they force them to sleep
           | outside or live with abusive people.
        
             | carapace wrote:
             | Technical fix: aircrete dome homes. E.g.:
             | https://www.domegaia.com/
             | 
             | Beautiful, cheap, easy, fast, durable (fire- and
             | earthquake-proof, "It will not rot, rust or decompose in
             | water.", etc.) and regular folk can make them with
             | "backyard-scale" foamers and construction technique.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | All sorts of things are like this.
             | 
             | The older I get the more I realize that you can't regulate
             | the things wealthy societies do into existence. If everyone
             | can't afford building code things collapse when you mandate
             | that. If the economy is underpinned by bad working
             | conditions or child labor things collapse when you regulate
             | them. If people can't afford to eat at restaurants that
             | follow some new code then they simply won't and those
             | restaurants will fold. If you restrict the supply of some
             | trade through licensing in the name of quality then you
             | just get amateurs doing the lower dollar work for cash. A
             | society has to be able to afford to do the things it
             | mandates. People have to get wealthy enough to reliably
             | afford "right" before you can legislate away "wrong".
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | > People don't want poor people living in sub-optimal
             | housing, so instead they force them to sleep outside or
             | live with abusive people.
             | 
             | People don't want poor people to live near them. That is
             | the root of most of the zoning issues, it's not because
             | they are actually worried about the quality of the housing
             | stock that the people would live in.
        
               | sorisos wrote:
               | I've seen some research on "relative income happiness"
               | that suggest having poor(er) people nearby should
               | increase happiness. Perhaps it doesn't apply if the
               | income cap is to large...
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Or perhaps people aren't actually rational utility
               | maximizing machines and might not properly anticipate the
               | utility benefits from the change.
        
             | bsanr2 wrote:
             | The liberal approach is to subsidize to maintain that base
             | level, because of an awareness that the social outcomes
             | tend to pay dividends in higher social unity, better
             | health, etc.
             | 
             | Some people would rather pay for private security than for
             | policy that makes muggings less likely, I suppose.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | Is this what California, San Francisco, or New York do?
        
               | ajkjk wrote:
               | Not really, yet.
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | _< State>, <City within the same state> <city within the
               | same state with the same name as the state || state with
               | the same name as the city within the same state>_
               | 
               | .... yesn't???
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > People don't want poor people living in sub-optimal
             | housing, so instead they force them to sleep outside or
             | live with abusive people.
             | 
             | No, mostly people don't want poor people _or_ sub-optimal
             | housing in their neighborhoods, for a variety of financial,
             | perceived safety, and emotional comfort related reasons.
             | 
             | If it was just not wanting poor people to live in
             | suboptimal housing, there'd be a lot greater effort to
             | provide non-sub-optimal housing to poor people. There are
             | definitely people with this concern, but it's not the
             | driver of housing and zoning policy.
        
           | bagacrap wrote:
           | Not a great example. In the US, you can buy small quantities
           | of drugs (or soap or whatever) in the travel section of a
           | CVS, or in a dollar store. Usually this is held up as an
           | example of the difficulty of being poor though (not a boon to
           | the poor), since the unit price is, of course, higher.
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | I had no money and no resources as a child. I lived in a family
       | of 8. We went clothes shopping once a year. Being one of the
       | youngest, I just got hand-me-downs mostly. The first time I got a
       | new sweater I was 14.
       | 
       | We had 3 books in the house growing up, all gifts from our 'city
       | cousins' at Christmas. We had no TV until Dad brought one home
       | from the TV repair shop - a 10-inch black and white deal. It
       | smoked and dripped plastic on the floor first time we turned it
       | on. Dad took it back and they gave us another one, which actually
       | worked sort of. We did not live on a bus route, have any parks to
       | play in, or any public library.
       | 
       | Were we poor? I suppose we might think so today. But all our
       | neighbors were in about the same situation. We were happy, and
       | didn't consider ourselves deprived in any way.
       | 
       | What made us content? We lived on a farm. There was always meat
       | in the freezer and food on the table. We had the entire outdoors
       | to play in including an ancient barn, a shop with tools and a
       | workbench. Chickens and pigs and calves and cats and kittens.
       | Tree swings and trees I could climb so high, I could see clear to
       | the horizon. Creeks with frogs and fish and tadpoles.
       | 
       | I see folks living in cement boxes in crowded towns, kids who's
       | entire life is the sidewalk and the mall. Parents working so hard
       | you never see them. People next door so isolated you can't really
       | call them neighbors.
       | 
       | When I grew up and went to college (full student loans, qualified
       | for everything they had) and got a job in town and got married, I
       | told my wife we had to raise the kids outside of town. Out of all
       | that cement and worry. And we did.
       | 
       | We gave them a shop and motorized vehicles to maintain (mower,
       | tractor, carts, bikes). Gardens to tend and cats to feed.
       | Neighbors to visit and chores to do.
       | 
       | It was different from my growing up. They had hundreds of books
       | and an unlimited budget for new ones. They had good schools and
       | involved parents. But it also had the advantages I had. They
       | could run heedless through the wide boundaries we set. They could
       | spend a summer day on projects or books or Scouts or building
       | something. Or just wander the creek and collect tadpoles.
       | 
       | I worry most of us are confused about what's important, and spend
       | so much time pursuing somebody else's goals we forget to have any
       | of our own.
        
       | EliRivers wrote:
       | The car. As he says, the car. The goddamned car.
       | 
       | Every time you get into it, hoping that it will start. And not
       | just when it's been sat outside your house for a while. When you
       | stop for petrol (gas), or in the car park after buying food,
       | sitting behind the wheel and hoping it starts again. The
       | restrictions that get placed on you when you just can't rely on
       | the car always starting.
       | 
       | For your life, a mostly-starts car is in theory better than no
       | car, but for mental health it's corrosive. Every plan you make
       | carries the rider "unless the car doesn't start" and you end up
       | restricting where you drive to places that, if you were suddenly
       | carless, you could still get home from. Any time you're outside
       | the safety zone, there is the constant fear "what if it doesn't
       | start?" Being afraid, having that stress, all the time is just
       | mentally corrosive.
       | 
       | If a better job comes up and it's not near public transport,
       | every day is a gamble on being able to get to work, and get home
       | again. Spending your evening worrying about whether you'll be
       | able to get to work in the morning is a horrible way to live;
       | perpetually unable to relax. At least once I simply sold it for
       | scrap and gave up entirely on doing anything that needed a car.
       | Such a relief, but I was in the privileged position of being able
       | to live and work without one.
        
         | dfgdghdf wrote:
         | For the wealthy, a car is expensive but mostly a convenient way
         | to get around. For the poor, car maintenance costs can be
         | ruinous. However, our society (excluding a few large cities)
         | all but _requires_ a car for day-to-day activities. Everyone
         | drivers, but the poor bear the brunt of the cost, since they
         | are more likely to live near noisy, polluted roads. Meanwhile,
         | the wealthy can afford to live on quiet suburbs and cul-de-
         | sacs. Cities and infrastructure designed for cars ( "car
         | dependency") disproportionately hurts the poor.
        
           | g8oz wrote:
           | >>Cities and infrastructure designed for cars ("car
           | dependency") disproportionately hurts the poor.
           | 
           | A cynical view would be that this was always the intent.
        
         | lastofthemojito wrote:
         | I'm really curious to see how electric cars work for the poor
         | (maybe 25 years from now, not presently).
         | 
         | One of the big selling points of electric cars is simplicity -
         | with far fewer moving parts, less can go wrong and you can
         | hopefully expect a car to last longer.
         | 
         | That's the hope anyways, but the big maintenance item in an
         | electric car is the battery, and of course that's an expensive
         | thing to replace. Will folks be able to do DIY repairs like
         | cobble together battery packs from various sources? Will a
         | decades-old battery that is 50% depleted or more still allow
         | that car to function properly, just with less range? Or will it
         | refuse to "start"?
        
           | lkbm wrote:
           | As much as I think the solution is "get rid of cars" (or get
           | rid of personal vehicle ownership), I do think reliable cars
           | would make a huge difference for people struggling
           | financially. Not having to worry about the most important
           | tool in your life -- the thing that allows you to get to
           | work, to the store, and to appointments -- would be a massive
           | stress-reduction for so many people, and stabilize their
           | finances. No more "I can't make it to work, so I lost my job"
           | and no more unexpected $2000 repairs?
           | 
           | Honestly, more reliable transportation might do more to
           | reduce poverty even more than food stamps. (Also, allows you
           | to make your food stamp appointments.)
        
           | blackbrokkoli wrote:
           | Maybe in 25 years.
           | 
           | As is, electrical car means new car and new car means an
           | inane amount of software components that break all the time.
           | Just pick any specific model, say, the Tesla S: You can find
           | people being confused how to turn it off, the car not
           | starting due to software updates, the car being hacked, the
           | being bricked by broken software or lacking connectivity,
           | erroneous warnings, the car only driving backwards due to low
           | battery.
           | 
           | The simplest car is something like a 1998 Corolla and given
           | the current trends in automotive, that will stay that way for
           | a _long_ time.
        
           | aembleton wrote:
           | The downside is needing somewhere to charge them. The poor
           | don't tend to live in houses that you can easily plug an EV
           | into.
           | 
           | They'll have to go somewhere else to charge up, that will
           | charge a premium.
        
           | ed_balls wrote:
           | Looking at the current trend, it's highly unlikely e.g.
           | single casting, structural battery packs. Car companies are
           | for profit, so they have every incentive not to make it
           | repairable. What is more, they are some good arguments to be
           | made against DIY when you have autopilot in the car.
           | 
           | Self-driving cars may help tough, probably 15+ years after
           | it's legal.
        
         | marktangotango wrote:
         | Dude this is so true, in the US reliable transportation is so
         | important. Particularly given the abysmal, non existent public
         | transportation in the majority of the country. Having an
         | unreliable car is a major source of stress for a lot of people.
        
         | sandworm101 wrote:
         | This ties into covid too. Low paid jobs are more
         | likely...scratch that. Low paid jobs _always_ require physical
         | presence, most often at strange hours not served by public
         | transportation. There are no work-from-home days for
         | tradespeople, for cleaners, for food workers.
        
         | issamehh wrote:
         | This has been my problem for years now. I'm in the middle of
         | nowhere and I can't count on the thing. I don't know how many
         | times I've been stuck and also almost towed because I couldn't
         | move it. I've luckily managed to avoid it so far but I'd not be
         | able to do much about it if it happened.
        
           | Phillips126 wrote:
           | I once was interviewing at a company for a graphic designer
           | position. My previous job was paying me just below $30,000
           | and I desperately needed to increase my income to keep up
           | with my bills (college loans, rent, food, electric, etc.). My
           | vehicle (1987 Chevy Blazer) was not very reliable (in ~2010)
           | and wouldn't you know it - I broke down immediately after
           | parking in a lot directly in front of a sign that said "2
           | Hour Parking, Vehicle Will Be Towed At Owners Expense".
           | 
           | I'll never forget the embarrassment I felt after a pretty
           | underwhelming interview explaining that my car was broken
           | down outside in their lot and asked they notify their
           | security so that I was not hit with more expensive fees. I've
           | had some pretty significant financial hardships - some much
           | worse than this, but this moment in particular really had a
           | lasting effect on me.
        
         | zaphar wrote:
         | That moment when you come out of the grocery store and the car
         | doesn't start on the first try...
         | 
         | I'm not in that situation anymore but I can still remember the
         | absolute sinking feeling. And then the overwhelming sense of
         | relief when it started on the second try. I've had my water
         | turned off. I've had my heat turned off. I've scavenged wooden
         | pallets on the side of the road to burn in a wood stove for
         | heat. I've broken the seal on the gas meter so I could turn it
         | on at my most desparate. I escaped those circumstances thanks
         | to family, and church friends. But this article is spot on as
         | to what it's like to poor or poor-ish.
        
       | rvn1045 wrote:
       | Low income people in the U.S still have a chance of improving
       | their station in life, although it is very hard. It's nearly
       | impossible in other countries where poor takes on a whole new
       | meaning.
        
         | ed25519FUUU wrote:
         | We just need to make sure we don't get "used to it" in the USA,
         | lest we become a place where class becomes ossified in daily
         | life, or descend into the aristocracy class hierarchy that
         | plagued much of early European history.
        
       | rob74 wrote:
       | And what boggles the mind even more than this sorry state of
       | affairs in the USA is that a significant part of these "working
       | poor" are voting for a party that angrily rejects any notion of a
       | European-style welfare system that would help improve this
       | situation as "socialism"...
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | Agreed. Not only are they poor but apparently quite stupid! I
         | mean, who vote against a European-style welfare system? Who
         | doesn't want to be just like Europe?
        
       | nixarian wrote:
       | One part of this article is HIGHLY inaccurate: "This isn't evil
       | on anyone's part"
        
       | nixarian wrote:
       | "This isn't evil on anyone's part" Highly inaccurate
        
       | dakial1 wrote:
       | I never was poorish, but thanks to the boyscouts (when I was
       | young) and an NGO I helped that worked with housing in Brazilians
       | slums, I had great in depth exposure to what a poorer life was.
       | And the very first thing to notice is that even if those people
       | live in very modest conditions they still managed to be happy and
       | that is because they had no reference of what a richer life was.
       | Usually their wealth targets were very close to what they had,
       | they were always poor/modest so their reality was that. The
       | greater problem is when people live the wealthier life and makes
       | the the movement to a poorer situation, something that seems to
       | be happening in the US (I don't live there, so I don't have first
       | hand experience). So people who had a taste of a better, more
       | comfortable life, are suffering because of that. That is the
       | reason I live well under what my wealth can pay, it is still
       | considered a mid-upper class but I'm avoiding at all costs the
       | "quality of life trap". If were we (my family) are is
       | comfortable, then all the extra money I get will go to savings)
       | investments to allow us to keep this life as long as possible,
       | not on luxury items or a bigger house/car/TV. Speaking to
       | americans, I get that this is not a mindset that they have.
        
       | Ccecil wrote:
       | I have tried to explain this very thing to many people I have
       | encountered in the past decade. The easiest way I can explain it
       | is "Broke doesn't mean you can't buy a boat this year...it means
       | you can't afford a coffee this week"
        
       | foolinaround wrote:
       | I was reading a post from etsy folks on 'blameless portmortem'
       | and thats something places I worked in never did, but it would
       | helped so much!
       | 
       | Reading this post, I could'nt help but think what if a person who
       | was on hard times (quite often there is some role to be played by
       | him, but also actors around him ) - if social orgs could come
       | around, analyze the situation, encourage him to make better
       | choices, or work around some obstacles, etc, it would make such a
       | difference...
       | 
       | A new re-think of what our social services would be -- a mix of
       | help, with a dose of fresh opportunities as well.
       | 
       | Currently, the alternatives seem to be between black and white..
        
       | throwaway284239 wrote:
       | Boy, does the stuff about cars hit home. When I was poor I had to
       | drive on tires so old that the steel was exposed.
       | 
       | The worst was when my insurance got canceled because I couldn't
       | afford it. This led to a chain reaction of absolute dumpster-fire
       | awfulness:
       | 
       | - Can't afford insurance
       | 
       | - Insurance gets canceled
       | 
       | - This automatically triggers registration getting canceled
       | 
       | - I can't stop going to work, and there's no public transit where
       | I lived, so what choice do I have but to keep driving?
       | 
       | - Highway patrol scans my plate, notices I'm not registered,
       | pulls me over
       | 
       | - Car gets impounded for not being insured, which is actually the
       | more lenient punishment, because (as I learned that day) not
       | having insurance is a _criminal offense_
       | 
       | - Can't afford the ticket I got for not being registered, so my
       | license gets suspended for non-payment
       | 
       | So because I couldn't make an insurance payment, my registration
       | got canceled ($), my car got impounded ($$$), and my license got
       | suspended ($). And is any of this money going to fund public
       | transportation? Of course not.
       | 
       | I did eventually get my car back, got new insurance, re-
       | registered, and reinstated my license, at great personal expense
       | including the time it took to go to the DMV (the nearest one of
       | which is in the next town).
       | 
       | But it was another year before I could afford to replace my
       | tires.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | > because (as I learned that day) not having insurance is a
         | criminal offense
         | 
         | > Can't afford the ticket I got for not being registered
         | 
         | so here is where you got lucky, not having prior outstanding
         | non-payment or not having prior potentially or actual criminal
         | offenses on your record.
         | 
         | non-payment of the ticket would have led to harsher punishment
         | upon your next infraction, which is much more likely to happen
         | when your neighbors and the police are looking specifically at
         | you all the time, which may have been your experience but just
         | food for thought for anyone browsing this thread.
        
           | throwaway284239 wrote:
           | I know you didn't mean it this way but I would not describe
           | any part of this experience as "lucky."
           | 
           | But you're right. The patrolman came right out and said that
           | he was knocking down the no-insurance charge to an
           | unregistered citation because I didn't have a criminal
           | record. What he didn't know is that I do have a criminal
           | record, just not in that state. Guess his systems don't
           | connect to the federal ones.
           | 
           | So yeah. "Lucky" is right.
           | 
           | What galls me about this is that if you look at any of the
           | individual steps in isolation, it sounds perfectly logical,
           | or at least there's an argument to be had. And that's the
           | level at which we argue about these things when it comes to
           | passing laws.
           | 
           | But when you look at the whole thing end-to-end, it is
           | _crystal-clear_ that there is a sum greater than its parts,
           | and that sum functions to drive people who are in poverty
           | even further into poverty. In this particular case there 's
           | the additional unintended consequence of prioritizing the
           | flow of money over actual vehicle safety.
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | yes, it takes an outside perspective to identity the luck
             | involved because people in every socioeconomic class and
             | background all have their own challenges that they faced
             | whether they will receive empathy for it or not
             | 
             | for your post I was mainly aiming to point out to others
             | how a cycle effects a large portion of American society,
             | disproportionately affecting minorities relative to their
             | population. The prior unpaid ticket and prior leniency
             | leads to the harsher penalty for the next infraction, which
             | is all more likely to happen when there is an assumption of
             | suspicion and over-policing. This practically ensures that
             | violent infractions become the only choices available to
             | people and harms our collective society. Despite there no
             | longer being racially exclusionary laws, and despite there
             | (typically) being no individual person consciously trying
             | to disenfranchisement someone, it is still easy to quantify
             | how a result becomes so common.
        
       | fergie wrote:
       | See also the follow-up article:
       | https://residentcontrarian.substack.com/p/being-poor-ish-rev...
        
       | dnautics wrote:
       | I've had the experiences of:
       | 
       | 1. being on the high end of poor while being oblivious and in a
       | socially highbrow environment (STEM grad school, $26k/yr salary,
       | high cost-of-living city). I also felt privileged because i lived
       | in a "foreign postdoc ghetto" where my neighbors were a single
       | family on a postdoc salary (probably somewhere between 27-30k)
       | living in a one-bedroom with two kids.
       | 
       | 2. the experience of being "service-collar" middle-class while
       | having peers that have mostly emerged from being poor (Lyft
       | driver, $56k/yr earnings)
       | 
       | Now I'm a dev, on the lower end of the pay scale for bay area
       | devs but one thing is I'm pretty fearless about winding up poor
       | again because I know I can hack it and still live happily. Now
       | I'm a dev, probably on the lower end of the spectrum for the bay
       | area
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | Believe me some places like New Orleans would love to have a
         | foreign postdoc ghetto if it meant educated people would stick
         | around.
        
       | jmdeon wrote:
       | I just watched episode 4 of Atlanta last night and Donald
       | Glover's character had a really good monologue about being poor
       | after finding out his friend had helped him turn 190$ into 2000$
       | but that it wouldn't be available right away:
       | 
       | Earn Marks: Poor people don't have time for investments, because
       | poor people are too busy trying not to be poor. Okay? I need to
       | eat today, not in September.
       | 
       | Full scene is worth a watch:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0hOCjX_SSXY&ab_channel=ThaiM...
        
       | TrackerFF wrote:
       | I think the biggest threat to poor people, would be the
       | ridiculous housing market. It's not just in big expensive cities,
       | it's pretty much everywhere. Only places that are being spared,
       | are those in destitute areas with some serious emigration
       | problems - but those things happen for a reason (no work).
       | 
       | In my country (Norway), the housing market has appreciated around
       | 5.5% ANNUALLY, compared to annual wage increase of some 2.5%. In
       | some cities, that growth is much higher - almost 8%
       | 
       | We have a very decent welfare system, but a spread like that will
       | surely create a hard class-divide between owners and renters.
       | Renters will be forced further away from the cities, having to
       | rely on longer commutes.
       | 
       | Some places it's already that bad. Certain normal salaried
       | professions can not, and will probably never, be able to own even
       | "starter" homes (as in small apartments), because they need to
       | spend more and more time on saving for the down-payment (15%
       | here) - and once they've reached their original goal, the
       | goalpost have been moved. I'm talking about professions like
       | teachers, nurses, etc. Not even legit poor people!
       | 
       | Having been raised by a poor-ish single mother, I can remember
       | that at least in the 80s/90s, there was a lot less debt around.
       | At least here, credit cards and consumer debt wasn't being handed
       | out like free candy, back then. You had to rely on your salary,
       | and then either get help from family/friends, or the welfare
       | office. My mother had too much pride for that, even though my
       | dads side were loaded.
       | 
       | These days, it seems like poor people are also getting trapped in
       | debt. Everything is driven by debt, and every bill you fall
       | behind on, is compounded by some fee, which is applied the second
       | you're overdue.
       | 
       | I can absolutely understand why many poor people feel complete
       | helplessness and apathy.
        
         | ThrustVectoring wrote:
         | > Having been raised by a poor-ish single mother, I can
         | remember that at least in the 80s/90s, there was a lot less
         | debt around. At least here, credit cards and consumer debt
         | wasn't being handed out like free candy, back then. You had to
         | rely on your salary, and then either get help from
         | family/friends, or the welfare office. My mother had too much
         | pride for that, even though my dads side were loaded.
         | 
         | > These days, it seems like poor people are also getting
         | trapped in debt. Everything is driven by debt, and every bill
         | you fall behind on, is compounded by some fee, which is applied
         | the second you're overdue.
         | 
         | This all is a side-effect of the one-two punch of aging
         | demographics and switching from pay-as-you-go to defined-
         | contribution retirement schemes. Every debt is someone else's
         | asset, so if the market is demanding more assets, interest
         | rates will fall until asset values rise, debt loads increase,
         | and the market clears.
         | 
         | The situation is just cursed, IMHO. If you want to ease
         | conditions, you have to reduce the payments various debtors and
         | tenants make to asset-holders, which is ultimately infeasible
         | on the grounds of impoverishing retirees and ruining pension
         | funds. If you use government spending on this, you either raise
         | taxes or foist off the problem to public borrowing and/or
         | inflation. At the end of the day, the real goods and services
         | that the working public produces but does not consume is the
         | same size as the real goods and services that the non-working
         | public consumes but does not produce; at best you can
         | redistribute spending within these demographics.
        
         | huevosabio wrote:
         | You can't have an eternally appreciating housing market and
         | affordable housing [0], one has to give. Our current housing
         | market appreciation comes from systematic housing shortage.
         | 
         | Rognlie finds out that the increase in return to capital (vs
         | return to labor) observed by Piketty comes largely from the
         | residential real estate sector [1].
         | 
         | It turns out, Henry George was right. We need to tax the value
         | of land such that we capture all of the economic rent that
         | rightfully belongs to the community and distribute it to the
         | community as a dividend. The same tax will spur a more
         | efficient use of land and, thus, more housing supply. The
         | dividend will serve as a cash-based safety net for the
         | community members.
         | 
         | Additionally, at some point we have to make the switch that
         | Japan did in how we view housing: as a depreciating asset.
         | 
         | [0] Note that the only sustainable way to have affordable
         | housing is if market-rate housing is affordable. Publicly
         | owned/built/subsidized housing is useful for handling
         | exceptions, but not for your main point of supply.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.brookings.edu/bpea-articles/deciphering-the-
         | fall...
        
           | supersour wrote:
           | I've been thinking about this as well, and I think the crux
           | of the problem is that housing is a prime investment. I'd
           | imagine for most older Americans, real estate makes up a
           | significant amount of their nest egg. In my circle, it seems
           | like there is much more talk about housing investment than
           | stocks or something similar.
           | 
           | If this is true, then it implies that the corrective paths
           | are all things which will negatively impact the investments
           | of anyone with a mortgage. I wonder what percent of the
           | voting body they make up? I think this is part of why we
           | aren't seeing change. It seems like somebody has to lose out.
           | 
           | I think these are the main solutions. As you see they are all
           | legislation dependent:
           | 
           | 1. As you mention, larger tax on housing, especially on those
           | which are used as rental properties.
           | 
           | 2. Saturate housing markets with government housing, which
           | don't need to be priced at subsidized rates but only at a
           | rate such that no rent seeking behaviour would be practiced
           | in a 40-50 year window. A 0% IRR investment from the
           | government would not cost taxpayers nearly as much as
           | subsidized housing.
           | 
           | 3. Relax building code standards and zoning regulations to
           | drastically increase the supply of low cost real-estate
           | opportunities.
           | 
           | 4. Related to 3, relax laws relating to mobile homes/RVs/tiny
           | homes and allow people to live in them if they have a place
           | to keep them. I know in many places this is illegal, even in
           | very rural areas [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://globalnews.ca/news/7501035/bc-couple-salmo-land-
           | evic...
        
           | pmiller2 wrote:
           | There is no "systematic housing shortage." There are 59
           | vacant housing units for every homeless person in the US. [0]
           | Even California has more than 9 empty housing units per
           | homeless person. [ _ibid_ ]
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.self.inc/info/empty-homes/
        
             | woah wrote:
             | This is known as "vacancy trutherism", and it has about as
             | much truth to it as q-anon. The vacancy rate is in the low
             | single digits, and the less vacancy there is, the less
             | affordable the market is. The vast majority of vacancies
             | are units that are in the process of being rented or sold.
             | 
             | The idea that there is some Illuminati cabal of housing
             | speculators holding vast numbers of units off the market is
             | a crazy fantasy pushed by those who don't want to face the
             | reality that our society has not built enough housing.
             | 
             | The article you link shows how laughable this concept is.
             | It contains a table of states ordered by their vacancy to
             | homeless ratio. One would expect that the states with the
             | worst housing crises would appear at the top of the list.
             | But California appears at the very bottom of the list,
             | since it has the lowest number of vacancies per homeless
             | people. This would imply that California is doing the best
             | out of all the states on housing!
        
               | tmnvix wrote:
               | Reported vacancy rates (the ones you'll hear quoted in
               | the media) are usually discovered by asking real estate
               | agencies how many of the properties on their books are
               | currently available to rent. It doesn't include houses
               | otherwise unavailable for rent such as holiday homes or
               | those being 'land banked'.
               | 
               | For some data on Low Use Properties (LUP's) and
               | speculative vacancies in the UK and Australia
               | respectively, see [1] and [2].
               | 
               | Also worth checking out official government statistics
               | for NZ where the difference between the number of
               | households and the number of residences is about 7.5%
               | nationally. That compares with almost half that rate 25
               | years ago. This change has occurred amidst a property
               | boom purportedly driven by a shortage of properties
               | (really it is a speculative boom driven by a shortage of
               | investment opportunities in the form of residential
               | property).
               | 
               | [1] https://theodi.org/event/friday-lunchtime-lecture-
               | empty-home...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.prosper.org.au/wp-
               | content/uploads/2019/04/Specul...
               | 
               | The solution to this in my opinion is to remove the
               | privileged tax status of property investors and introduce
               | a wealth tax in the form of a Land Value Tax. Political
               | suicide unfortunately.
        
               | pmiller2 wrote:
               | Citations very much needed. A 59:1 ratio of available
               | units to those in need of housing, which has been
               | increasing over the years, _prima facie_ shows there is
               | no housing shortage. Moreover, with that high of a ratio,
               | everyone looking for housing could have it, with plenty
               | left over for those who have none.
               | 
               | I've offered facts. You offer nothing concrete. Which of
               | our comments is more like the drivel Q-Anon spreads?
               | 
               | Edit: I should add that yes, homelessness has been on a
               | general decline for some time, but not enough to account
               | for the increased ratio of available units to homeless
               | people. See
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/555795/estimated-
               | number-...
        
         | pmiller2 wrote:
         | You are absolutely right.
         | 
         | I live in the Bay Area now, which everyone knows has absurd
         | rental prices. In my home town, I can rent a comparable sized
         | apartment to what I have now for around 1/3 what I currently
         | pay. But, there's no way I could earn 1/3 the income I make as
         | a Bay Area software engineer working at a non-remote job in my
         | home town.
         | 
         | Even making 1/4 what I'm making would be highly optimistic. I
         | just did a search on Google for "$HOMETOWN $HOME_STATE jobs,"
         | and pretty much everything I could qualify for was retail level
         | jobs. In my home town, that means probably $10/hour, or,
         | $20k/year, if you can manage to get full time hours. Even in
         | retail management, it would be tough to hit 1/5 of what I make
         | now. Add in student loans, which are a fixed expense, no matter
         | where I go, unless I want to go to a repayment plan that
         | depends on my income and never pay them off, and we see the
         | advantage goes squarely to the Bay Area.
         | 
         | Now, imagine starting in my home town and actually making it to
         | the Bay Area. If you move with a job already lined up, you'll
         | need to have at least 1 month's rent + 1 month security deposit
         | saved up, plus moving expenses. First month's rent and security
         | deposit will be at least $3500. Think about how long it takes
         | to save up $3500 making $20k per year. Then, think about how
         | this doesn't include moving expenses, which, even if everything
         | you own fits in your personal vehicle, is going to amount to
         | another several hundred for gas and probably at least one night
         | in a hotel if you drive. Call it another $500.
         | 
         | Oh, and I forgot to mention, at $20k per year in my home town,
         | you're probably either spending 35-40% of your gross income on
         | rent, or living with roommates. So, good luck saving up nearly
         | 1/4 of your gross annual income just to GTFO.
        
           | criticaljudge wrote:
           | Isn't that exactly what banks are for - so that you can get a
           | loan? I would expect that you would qualify for a loan if you
           | show evidence of your upcoming employment.
           | 
           | Many companies also pay for moves.
           | 
           | Of course if you do all that, and then your employment is
           | suddenly canceled, you are stuck with some debt. I guess that
           | happens to some people.
        
             | pmiller2 wrote:
             | A loan against what collateral? What does someone making
             | $20k per year have to put up as security for a loan? You're
             | also assuming this person has little to no debt to begin
             | with, so their debt to income ratio can sustain another
             | loan. Banks don't lend money out of the kindness of their
             | own hearts; you have to qualify, and that's much easier
             | with a higher income than a below median income.
        
         | sbarre wrote:
         | > I think the biggest threat to poor people, would be the
         | ridiculous housing market.
         | 
         | I have heard this referred to as the "financialization of
         | housing" in articles I've read over the last few years. Google
         | that term to find out more..
         | 
         | Basically more and more multinational corporations (structured
         | as REITs and similar) have turned their eyes towards the
         | housing market, buying up stock in major cities and wherever
         | there is arbitrage opportunity...
         | 
         | And of course this means maximizing profits and minimizing
         | costs, which is squeezing the average person harder and harder
         | as rents go up more aggressively than before (which also drives
         | up home prices etc)...
         | 
         | The idea of treating people's homes as "assets" to be bought
         | and sold and optimized for profit is, personally speaking,
         | horrendous..
         | 
         | But hey, capitalism, right?
        
           | criticaljudge wrote:
           | You can't arbitrarily set rent prices. You can only ask what
           | people are also willing to pay.
           | 
           | People are willing to pay because they have high paying jobs
           | and want to live near to where they work. And that is
           | ultimately also a good thing.
           | 
           | Think about a brain surgeon, who under socialism would have
           | to commute for two hours to his jobs, and under evil
           | capitalism can live 20 minutes from the hospital. Under
           | capitalism he will get to the job well rested and therefore
           | have a higher success rate for his operations.
        
             | zaccusl wrote:
             | Not that I disagree with the notion that "you can't
             | arbitrarily set rent prices", but this is an incredibly
             | simplistic example and does nothing to address literal rent
             | seeking.
             | 
             | If the pandemic has shown us anything, it is that grocery
             | store workers, meat packers, and the supply chain workers
             | that get food (and toilet paper) to our tables are far more
             | important to society than most high paid white collar and
             | knowledge jobs. Does anybody care how well rested the brain
             | surgeon is when you can't even buy produce or rice or meat
             | at the grocery store? Do these employees not have a right
             | to live 20 minutes from their place of employment?
             | 
             | There are ways to address these issues without devolving to
             | some simplistic "capitalism or socialism" (with no in-
             | between) argument.
        
       | ImaCake wrote:
       | >while it's normal to put down a month or two worth of rent as a
       | security deposit, it's much less normal to get it back
       | 
       | This looks insane to an Australian. I have moved house 4 times in
       | the past 5 years and I have never not got all of my bond back.
       | Some states here have a rule that the bond money is held by the
       | state so that the landowner doesn't just take that money for
       | themselves. How can the poor ever break the cycle if no one is
       | willing to help protect them from shitty rent-seekers?
        
         | blackshaw wrote:
         | Yeah, a bunch of things in this article strike me as very
         | American (I'm British). No-one in the UK worries about not
         | being able to afford healthcare if they're poor, nor do they
         | need a car to get to the grocery store in under an hour (unless
         | they live in an isolated home out in the countryside, which
         | probably means they're rich, not poor.) There are many, many
         | places you can live in the UK without needing a car to get to
         | work.
         | 
         | The deposit thing looks insane to me too. My rental deposit is
         | held in escrow by some third party; I've never heard of anyone
         | not getting their deposit back when they move (unless they did
         | something to deserve it e.g. trashing the place). The only
         | issue around deposits is that you usually have to pay a deposit
         | for the new place before you've received the deposit back for
         | the old place, which can cause cashflow issues.
         | 
         | I've always thought of the U.S. as a great place to be rich,
         | but a terrible place to be poor.
         | 
         | On the other hand, I find it laughable that this author
         | describes a 900sqft apartment as "very small". 900sqft would be
         | considered a decent-sized, mid-range apartment in London, and
         | if you're poor you'll live somewhere MUCH smaller. Americans
         | have such ginormous houses, even the poor ones.
        
           | t0mas88 wrote:
           | In central London just 600sqft can easily cost you a million
           | pounds... The place I rented when I lived there was a bit
           | smaller and was for sale at 950k asking price.
        
           | cmdkeen wrote:
           | Rural poverty is a real thing, and often overlooked by
           | politics / media / society. Rural villages no longer tend to
           | have a shop or post office, the bus services can be erratic
           | and infrequent, it's a real problem.
           | 
           | The student rental market 12 or so years ago was definitely
           | full of horror stories about getting deposits returned,
           | knowing which letting agents to go with useful insider
           | knowledge. The Scottish deposit security scheme is only a few
           | years old and has definitely helped improve the situation.
           | The rental market is one in which there can be significant
           | power/information imbalances and where some protections make
           | absolute sense.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | Student and tourism rentals are worse than the regular
             | rental market because 9x/10 the people getting screwed out
             | of their deposit can afford it so there's less latent "it
             | might actually be worth someone's time to sue you" to keep
             | the landlords in check.
        
           | dghlsakjg wrote:
           | The US is a large and very diverse place, and very frequently
           | you will find that there are very clear laws about what a
           | landlord is and isn't allowed to charge for, as well as what
           | proof they need to take a deposit. For example, Seattle has
           | its own set of rules which are quite clear and don't allow
           | contracts that would override them, in other places there are
           | no rules, and what is in the contract is what you must abide
           | by.
           | 
           | The problem, that the author alluded to, is that there is no
           | one that will solve or mediate a dispute short of taking a
           | claim to court in the US. This is generally pretty cheap and
           | easy for small claims, if you know what you are doing. Most
           | people don't know what they are doing, or have no idea that
           | small claims is even an option.
           | 
           | As an American who now lives in a place with socialized
           | healthcare, I can safely say that I'm not moving back until
           | the US sorts out the healthcare crisis. I'm in Canada now,
           | which is used as a punching bag by conservative Americans for
           | how bad socialized healthcare can be. Anyone who has lived in
           | both places knows how laughable that claim is. Canadians
           | certainly have their complaints about this system, but I have
           | never heard a Canadian ask for US style healthcare.
        
             | blackshaw wrote:
             | > I have never heard a Canadian ask for US style
             | healthcare.
             | 
             | I've never heard anyone of any nationality say they wish
             | their country had US-style healthcare.
        
           | mrsuprawsm wrote:
           | >My rental deposit is held in escrow by some third party;
           | I've never heard of anyone not getting their deposit back
           | when they move (unless they did something to deserve it e.g.
           | trashing the place).
           | 
           | This is only a relatively recent thing in the UK, introduced
           | about 10 years ago, to tackle the problem described in the
           | original post of landlords running off with tenants deposits.
           | 
           | When I was a student ~10 years ago, just before compulsory
           | deposit protection was introduced, it was very common for
           | landlords to invent or wildly exaggerate damages to keep the
           | PS1000+ deposit, especially because they thought that
           | students would be a push-over.
        
             | antognini wrote:
             | On paper many states in the US actually have pretty strong
             | protections for tenants for their security deposits. It's
             | not uncommon for states to have fairly strict standards as
             | to the valid reasons a landlord can take money out of a
             | security deposit. If a landlord withholds money for
             | frivolous reasons the tenant can be entitled to double or
             | treble damages. (So if they withhold $1000 for no reason,
             | you can get back that $1000 and an additional $2000 or
             | $3000.)
             | 
             | The main issue is enforcement. If your landlord withholds
             | the deposit, often your only recourse is to sue them
             | (usually in small claims court). This is going to require
             | paying some court fees, maybe on the order of $100 (which
             | you may get back if you win, but you still need to pay them
             | up front). Plus you're going to have to show up in court,
             | which likely means missing work. And obviously you're not
             | going to have a lawyer for this, whereas most landlords
             | will.
             | 
             | When I moved out of my last apartment my landlord withheld
             | $100 because he claimed there was dust on the blinds.
             | (There was not, we specifically dusted the blinds before
             | moving out.) But the only way I could get that money back
             | was to sue them, and it just wasn't worth it for me.
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | >>On the other hand, I find it laughable that this author
           | describes a 900sqft apartment as "very small". 900sqft would
           | be considered a decent-sized, mid-range apartment in London,
           | 
           | Yep, we actually bought a 3-bed house(not apartment) in UK,
           | and the total space is 950sqft(about 90square metres). And
           | that's not a small house around here by any measure. American
           | houses are like their cars - absurdly large.
        
             | a2tech wrote:
             | American here that grew up in a 3 bedroom house with around
             | 900sqft of space and 4 people, and now live in a 2500sqft
             | house with just my wife and 1 dog..I don't know how we did
             | it. Thinking back it was so insanely cramped, my parents
             | bedroom was the 'big' bedroom and it was just large enough
             | to fit a queen sized bed, a chest of drawers, a gun case,
             | and then a night stand on one side of the bed. The kids
             | bedrooms barely fit a twin sized bed and a small desk with
             | room to stand. Tiny bathroom, living room just big enough
             | for 4-5 people. Very tiny kitchen, not large enough for a
             | dishwasher.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I mean, it isn't some weird flex with me going yeah it's
               | cramped BUT WE LOVE IT THIS WAY. Like, yeah, this house
               | would be too small for 4 people. But right now, with just
               | me, wife, and a baby on the way - no problem.
               | 
               | >>my parents bedroom was the 'big' bedroom and it was
               | just large enough to fit a queen sized bed, a chest of
               | drawers, a gun case, and then a night stand on one side
               | of the bed
               | 
               | That's exactly what ours is, minus the gun case ;-)
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | robotmay wrote:
               | I once looked at a flat/apartment in a converted house
               | here in the UK where the oven door got stuck on the wall
               | opposite when you tried to open it.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Sounds like a feature if you don't want people sticking
               | their head in.
        
           | nikon wrote:
           | >>The deposit thing looks insane to me too. My rental deposit
           | is held in escrow by some third party; I've never heard of
           | anyone not getting their deposit back when they move (unless
           | they did something to deserve it e.g. trashing the place).
           | The only issue around deposits is that you usually have to
           | pay a deposit for the new place before you've received the
           | deposit back for the old place, which can cause cashflow
           | issues.
           | 
           | Anecdotal but myself (multiple moves) and most friends in
           | London had to battle for a few hundred quid being attempted
           | to stolen from the deposit before returning for various BS
           | reasons. The dispute scheme was great as a tenant, but did
           | mean months without the funds back.
        
         | kayodelycaon wrote:
         | The last place I rented from took my deposit for damage they
         | knew existed before I started renting. (They literally painted
         | over mold in the kitchen closet.) Then they tried to send me a
         | $1000+ bill over a year later for "damages".
        
         | toomanybeersies wrote:
         | Although bond is held by the RTBA (or whatever it's called
         | outside Vic), it's pretty common for landlords/property
         | managers to try and strong arm tenants into giving up part of
         | their bond for "damages", most of which are either resonable
         | wear and tear, pre-existing, or not the responsibility of the
         | tenant. For poorer people, who need the money sooner than
         | later, it's often easier to agree to get half your bond back
         | than to apply to VCAT (not to mention a lot of tenants fear
         | they'll get blacklisted if they do) and possibly get all your
         | bond back several months later.
         | 
         | I'm currently in the process of trying to claw my bond back
         | from my previous landlord, it's been over 3 months now. Luckily
         | I can afford it, but I know a lot of people who can't.
        
         | elhudy wrote:
         | This varies on a state-by-state basis. In Chicago, rental
         | protections allow for the rentee to sue for beyond the deposit,
         | as well as their lawyer's wages, in the case of a security
         | deposit being wrongly taken. I know because I won back a lot of
         | money from bogus 'damage' claims. Other states have laws that
         | lean towards favoring the renter.
         | 
         | Since we're throwing anecdotes out there, I've had my landlords
         | attempt to wrongly and knowingly take money from my security
         | deposit about 30% of the time. The lower-class the apartment
         | is, the more likely the owner is a slumlord, and will try to
         | scam you.
        
         | trynumber9 wrote:
         | I'm American and my experience matches yours. I've always got
         | my deposit back. However, if there is a country that embodies
         | "your mileage may vary" it is the USA.
        
           | boston_clone wrote:
           | that is not just due to us sticking with the imperial system,
           | either.
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | Yeah some. Landlord pocketing the interest on it can happen,
         | and if they're nasty they might argue re you can't get it all
         | back cause of a scratch on the floor over there but just
         | straight up refusal is insane
        
         | a_bonobo wrote:
         | >I have never not got all of my bond back.
         | 
         | Then you're lucky - I've had enough friends in QLD and WA who
         | have had their bond partially kept back because the landlord
         | company thought they could get a few hundred or thousand for
         | free. Usually the trick is to say that pre-existing damage was
         | caused by my friends. It's impossible to defend from if you
         | don't claim the damage when you move in!
         | 
         | I've personally only had one huge battle with the company as
         | they thought our place was dirty when we moved out, despite
         | spending two full days cleaning it (townhouse). I now always
         | pay a cleaning company to avoid the hassle, but that's $100-200
         | not everyone can afford.
         | 
         | I found these 2018 numbers that say that 30% of bonds are not
         | returned in Australia; https://www.finder.com.au/30-of-aussie-
         | tenants-dont-get-thei...
        
           | toomanybeersies wrote:
           | I always take photos when I start a tenancy. More often than
           | not, the property manager/landlord tries that I caused pre-
           | existing damage and the photos always help.
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | Same in UK. I have moved 8 times in the past 11 years and I
         | always got my full deposit back.
         | 
         | Also yes, the entire article just screams "the experience of
         | being poor....in America". From the lack of social net, to the
         | absurd costs of insurance and healthcare. I don't mean to say
         | that life elsewhere is all rosy and there are no problems at
         | all, but I can't even imagine worrying about costs of health
         | treatments - it's just a given you will get them and you won't
         | pay anything. I guess it's part of the author's point - that
         | some people don't realize how good they have it.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | I don't know the statistics, but I live in the US, and had
         | rented for 10+ years with 5 of 6 different landlords in 3
         | cities, and I always got my deposit back, and I don't know
         | anyone who was stiffed either. But I wasn't staying in the
         | worst places, but not the best either. One was an informal cash
         | transaction rental from a Craigslist ad and it worked out.
        
           | notsureaboutpg wrote:
           | Through 3 landlords I only got a security deposit back once.
           | Both times it was claimed they needed the money to repaint
           | the apartment (I didn't damage the walls or even put anything
           | up on them).
        
           | irjustin wrote:
           | Stay in a slum and you'll find those who are more than happy
           | to break the rules if they know they can.
           | 
           | You probably have the mental fortitude to figure out how to
           | fight back on your own. To read the docs, know your position,
           | agreements, and how to take a landlord to court to win.
           | 
           | In low income, people don't know their rights nor do they
           | ever believe that the system could ever be on their side.
           | And, they're not unjustified in that thinking.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | A lot depends on state and local laws. In San Francisco, for
           | example, I get interest on the security deposit my landlord
           | is holding credited to my rent every year. They cannot charge
           | for reasonable wear and tear. So even though the deposit is
           | large, I expect ~100% of it back when I leave. If not, there
           | is a strong tenants union that will support my case.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | I always got my security deposit back when I rented. No drama,
         | they just checked the apartment and gave it back.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | In the US, there are sharp race and class disparities here:
           | if you're white and pass for at least lower middle class, you
           | are much less likely to have an issue because even unethical
           | landlords know the police and courts will listen to
           | complaints. Go outside of those communities and complaints
           | become more common, often with accounts of a rental company
           | caving immediately after someone demonstrated knowledge of
           | their legal rights and lack of fear to contact the justice
           | system.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | > caving immediately after someone demonstrated knowledge
             | of their legal rights and lack of fear to contact the
             | justice system.
             | 
             | Sounds like the solution. When I was younger, people would
             | try to take advantage of me, but all it takes is a bit of
             | standing up for yourself and they concede.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Yes, but note that your standing to do so varies
               | considerably -- I've never had problems doing that as a
               | white man but I know people who declined to involve the
               | city / law enforcement because they had had past bad
               | experiences due to being black, gay, etc. If the landlord
               | threatens to call the cops and you know a history of
               | people like you having been mistreated or simply blown
               | off, you might give up and accept it as another example
               | of the world being unfair to add to many others.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | If you believe that nobody has tried to cheat me, steal
               | from me, take advantage of my ignorance and inexperience,
               | steamroll me, threaten me, con me, etc., you're very
               | mistaken.
        
       | throwaway-0987 wrote:
       | Throwaway because I don't want my co-workers to know.
       | 
       | I was poor. My father left home when I was a kid in middle
       | school. My mom worked part time cleaning houses and left us when
       | she found a new husband. I dropped out of high-school in the 9th
       | grade and went to work. Low paying jobs. I lived with my aunt on
       | the bad side of town.
       | 
       | Fast-forward 35 years. Today, I make about 200K per year. I got a
       | GED, went to trade school, then got into college (full Pell Grant
       | because I was so poor) and came out with a few degrees.
       | 
       | Everything I own is fully paid for. House, cars, etc. because I'm
       | always afraid I'm going to be poor again. Of course, I only own
       | modest things. Nothing fancy.
       | 
       | If you have never been poor, you may not realize how awesome
       | Small houses and Toyota Corollas are.
       | 
       | My fears about being poor again drive my wife and kids crazy.
       | They think I'm nuts and say I need counseling. I probably do.
       | 
       | Anyway, people think I'm 'privileged' now because I earn a lot of
       | money, but they have no idea that I used to sleep on the floor
       | and eat in soup lines.
       | 
       | I made it and you can too. Poverty has no color. It impacts
       | everyone. You can't tell just by looking at someone.
        
         | you_know_the_ wrote:
         | I don't think we ever can overcome the fear of being poor
         | again. I struggle with it as well.
        
         | walkedaway wrote:
         | Your general story of poor-to-doing-well is the majority story
         | in the US (not sure of other countries). Income mobility is a
         | huge thing in the US, a great feature that I see mentioned very
         | little outside of academics. Something like 80% of people will
         | be in the top 10% of earners at some point in their lifetime,
         | and 98% of people will be in the top 50%. "poor" and "rich" are
         | not static labels, and they vary greatly even year to year
         | (Thomas Sowell has excellent data and analysis on this).
         | 
         | FWIW I grew up poor and I do the same as you - no debt, pay
         | cash for cars (even expensive ones) and despite millions in the
         | bank, I fear not being able to provide for the family. At my
         | age, I've learned that this is a good thing, as opposed to
         | people my age that have spent lavishly and are now wondering
         | how to start saving for their retirement in 10 years.
        
           | sanp wrote:
           | Can u provide sources for your income mobility claim? The
           | numbers here do not seem to line up with what you are quoting
           | 
           | https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.forbes.com/sites/aparnamath.
           | ..
        
           | Flex247A wrote:
           | If you don't mind, can you share your story here?
        
           | CraigJPerry wrote:
           | That claim doesn't even pass the sniff test. The idea that
           | 80% of people - which must include those born into multi
           | generational deprived families just by numbers alone -
           | suddenly find themselves for a period of time on the other
           | side of the glass ceiling of poverty, it's outrageous.
           | 
           | I'd love to be corrected on this.
        
             | StrictDabbler wrote:
             | Walkedaway is exaggerating a claim made by the conservative
             | American Enterprise Institute:
             | 
             | https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/some-amazing-findings-on-
             | inco...
             | 
             | This is how they counter all the talk about the 1%. They
             | suggest that 56% of people will be in the top 10% for one
             | year or more. In their entire working lives.
             | 
             | Distortions include:
             | 
             | -income is not wealth
             | 
             | -some kinds of income are very uneven year-over-year
             | 
             | -jumping into the top bracket for only one year doesn't
             | indicate income or class mobility
             | 
             | -most of the top 1% of income do in fact stay in the top 1%
             | of income
             | 
             | People who earn a lot in one year but don't become wealthy
             | may include:
             | 
             | -actors who get one TV commercial
             | 
             | -waiters at high-end restaurants who burn out
             | 
             | -realtors who get a few good sales in a row
             | 
             | -victims of disabling accidents receiving large insurance
             | payouts
             | 
             | -oil and other trade workers in Alaska
             | 
             | -minor lottery winners
             | 
             | -people cashing in a retirement fund to deal with emergency
             | spending
             | 
             | The fact that America is a land of random windfalls doesn't
             | help with social mobility. A family with multi-generational
             | poverty gets a windfall and immediately has to spend it
             | just trying to catch up a bit.
        
               | andyv wrote:
               | -Selling a business built over decades
        
               | TimPC wrote:
               | You left out one of the biggest causes of this. For many
               | people in that 56%, the year they end up in the top 10%
               | is the year their last surviving parent passes away.
               | Inheritance is a big one-time windfall for many people.
               | 
               | The other misleading thing is it looks at 44 years of
               | longitudinal data, and doesn't make corrections for
               | differences between the early years and later years.
               | Income has become more polar in the last 40 years, so the
               | current numbers are a fair bit worse than the average
               | numbers of the last 4.4 decades.
        
               | bzbarsky wrote:
               | Inheritances are not taxable (for the recipient), but IRS
               | data shows similar patterns.
               | 
               | What it really comes down to is that the upper tail of
               | the "reliable income" distributions is thin enough that a
               | large fraction of the people who end up in various "top
               | N%" buckets are there due to various windfalls, lumpiness
               | of income (e.g. a writer getting an advance that they
               | live on for a few years while writing the book), etc,
               | etc.
               | 
               | Which is, by the way, why the way we do progressive
               | taxation is a bit weird. Progressive taxation with tax
               | brackets based on lifetime earnings, as opposed to
               | current-year income, would make a lot more sense in some
               | ways...
        
           | dalbasal wrote:
           | Dynamics, like income mobility dynamics are a complicated
           | thing. We tend to think in stories, and that is useful, but
           | it makes it easy to reach overly general conclusions.
           | 
           | The old republics (US & France, mostly) tend to overlook
           | class... to some extent intentionally. My country (ireland)
           | has the opposite problem: too much class consciousness. To
           | much telling of class-sentric stories.
           | 
           | But, class dynamics do exist in the US & France too.
           | 
           | Class mobility exists too, but it's nowhere near as mobile as
           | income mobility. Class is stickier by definition. You can
           | just as easily colour in a class stickiness story with
           | statistics. The likelihood at birth of someone graduating
           | high school, going to prison, being poor, rich etc. It is
           | true that where you start is a pretty good predictor,
           | statistically, of where you will end up.
           | 
           | It's important to keep both perspectives in mind,
           | simultaneously. There are real opportunities to escape
           | poverty. The ovarian lottery is also very important, so are
           | other "lotteries." It's also a mistake to see yourself as a
           | statistic.
        
         | technofiend wrote:
         | Go read The Millionaire Next Door. You'll see that there are
         | plenty of people like yourself who remain frugal after managing
         | to pull themselves out of poverty. I'm suggesting the book to
         | both validate your behavior but also give you some examples so
         | you can perhaps moderate it if you still feel that's needed. I
         | can give a single example from my life: my uncle managed to
         | snag a liquor distributorship after WW II. It was a license to
         | print money. He never moved out of the first postwar house he
         | purchased when he started his business because he just didn't
         | see the need and he felt showing off his newfound wealth in
         | poor taste.
         | 
         | In short, you're not alone and as long as you're not making
         | yourself or people in your life miserable well maybe you're not
         | too far off from where you need to be.
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/Millionaire-Next-Door-Stanley-Thomas/...
         | 
         | I will say the folks who come from richer backgrounds do have
         | some advantages over us who grew up poor. For instance I had no
         | idea how much scholarships subsidized learning and went to the
         | state school I could afford to fund on my own.
        
           | benhurmarcel wrote:
           | I really didn't like that book, for me it missed the point
           | entirely. For the entire length it discusses how you
           | accumulate more wealth by not spending it, but it never
           | discussed why you would be accumulating all that wealth.
           | 
           | People want to be millionaires, not to stare at 7 digits on a
           | webpage, but for the lifestyle it affords. This book just
           | assumes the end goal is the number on a bank account.
        
             | 35fbe7d3d5b9 wrote:
             | > People want to be millionaires, not to stare at 7 digits
             | on a webpage, but for the lifestyle it affords
             | 
             | Some do. Others do not.
             | 
             | My boss makes ~300k a year base. He drives a ten year old
             | Golf, carries zero debt, and plans his (very infrequent)
             | meals out around "which restaurant is running a 'kids eat
             | free' special today?"
             | 
             | His goal is to build up a sizeable savings, retire and live
             | off interest, and provide generational wealth for each of
             | his children.
             | 
             | One of his peers makes ~300k a year base and enjoys driving
             | a Ferrari that costs more than my house. Different strokes
             | for different folks :)
        
             | technofiend wrote:
             | >For the entire length it discusses how you accumulate more
             | wealth by not spending it, but it never discussed why you
             | would be accumulating all that wealth.
             | 
             | To be fair, I believe that motivation comes from the
             | reader, not the author.
             | 
             | >People want to be millionaires, not to stare at 7 digits
             | on a webpage, but for the lifestyle it affords.
             | 
             | Again to be fair I believe you're projecting: _you_ may
             | want to be a millionaire for the lifestyle it affords,
             | whatever that means to you. The book is a recipe on ways to
             | retain wealth and anecdotes on how people accumulated their
             | own. It 's not a self-help guide to motivate people to
             | become millionaires. I think it's assumed if they're
             | reading they book they're already motivated and need to
             | know how, not why.
        
             | adkadskhj wrote:
             | The number is a goal, for me. Since the moment the goal is
             | hit, is the moment i can live safely. If you save $X, you
             | can retire. You have the rest of your life planned for, and
             | that feeling is worth a lot.
             | 
             | I don't plan on retiring, but i'd feel so, so good if i hit
             | $X tomorrow.
             | 
             | The economy could still go down, but as long as society
             | doesn't collapse retirement-amounts can bring massive QOL,
             | even if you don't live like you're rich.
        
             | pwg wrote:
             | > but it never discussed why you would be accumulating all
             | that wealth.
             | 
             | One reason is that if one accumulates that wealth, and puts
             | that wealth to work itself making money (i.e., investing
             | it) then one obtains an income stream that is separate and
             | apart from the number of hours per day one can spend
             | "working".
             | 
             | Accumulate enough money that is itself making money, and
             | one can live comfortably without having to spend
             | 40+hrs/week "working" for one's income.
        
           | 52-6F-62 wrote:
           | I can appreciate the sentiment of books like that, however
           | reality isn't that ...fair.
           | 
           | For any one "millionaire next door" who made it by being
           | frugal, many more starve no matter how frugally they live.
           | Many will rise and fall, many more will never even rise above
           | poverty.
           | 
           | I'd like to see the statistics on lifetime well-being between
           | frugality and financial risk-taking+. I'll bet the disparity
           | is shallower than we'd like to believe.
           | 
           | These discussions always interest me, but I'm disappointed by
           | the amount of puritan dogma that usually gets treated as some
           | kind of natural truth. If being poor taught me anything, it's
           | that there is no dogma you can lean on.
           | 
           | + _Caveat: the risks being made with a goal to "level-up"
           | (read: escape poverty), rather than blind self-indulgence. Ex
           | --do you max out your credit card (/whatever available
           | leverage) to acquire the tool you need to perform a job in
           | the manner of quality you know can be accomplished with said
           | tool, or do you buy the tool you can "afford" and gradually,
           | over time, work your way up to the "right tool" in this case.
           | In the past, more of the latter may have been possible. These
           | days, I think you're at an even more immense disadvantage by
           | taking that path. Admittedly, my outlook might be too
           | coloured by my own experience. Had I not taken the chances
           | (sometimes enormously painful), I would probably still be
           | trying to squirrel-away $5 bills at a time while working 11
           | hour warehouse shifts._
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | It's a good book, but the core point is more about how our
           | perception of rich versus poor is detached from the reality
           | of one's actual wealth. It's not uncommon for families with
           | multi-generational wealth to also live frugal lifestyles.
           | It's also not unheard of for those who grew up poor to
           | overspend their wealth at the first signs of success, because
           | they've never known how to manage money at that scale.
           | 
           | It's important to not turn this into a rich versus poor
           | debate, because it can give people on either side of that
           | divide the false impression that they're naturally better at
           | managing money due to their background. The truth is that
           | wealth management is a learned skill that often comes
           | separately from one's career or upbringing. And the point of
           | the book is that looking wealthy and being wealthy aren't as
           | tightly coupled as we believe.
        
             | geebee wrote:
             | This is a good point. I thought along similar lines when I
             | read:
             | 
             | "If you have never been poor, you may not realize how
             | awesome Small houses and Toyota Corollas are."
             | 
             | Very fair and great point, so I hope it's clear my next
             | statement is not intended to refute this at all!
             | 
             | However, you could also say that if become or remain
             | wealthy, you never forget how awesome Toyota corollas are.
        
             | technofiend wrote:
             | >It's also not unheard of for those who grew up poor to
             | overspend their wealth at the first signs of success,
             | because they've never known how to manage money at that
             | scale.
             | 
             | That was really my point: it's _ok_ to not go buy a condo
             | in Aspen the second you can afford it. The original poster
             | was saying he knows he 's being overly frugal. OK, fine. My
             | counter-example of TMND was don't feel you need to move to
             | a flashy conspicuous consumption lifestyle either.
        
           | sologoub wrote:
           | > I will say the folks who come from richer backgrounds do
           | have some advantages over us who grew up poor. For instance I
           | had no idea how much scholarships subsidized learning and
           | went to the state school I could afford to fund on my own.
           | 
           | This a million times. I ended up in a small private
           | university (which was awesome and I still love it) that
           | initially gave me a lot of scholarship money, but didn't even
           | try to get into top tier. While good at educating, the
           | network and the name recognition were not there at all. Can't
           | remember how this came up, but at one point I compared notes
           | with someone who attended top 10 university and their
           | grades/scores were slightly worse than mine - live and learn
           | :)
        
         | zusemo wrote:
         | Joining the throwaway train here...
         | 
         | > _My fears about being poor again drive my wife and kids
         | crazy. They think I 'm nuts and say I need counseling. I
         | probably do._
         | 
         | Do it. This is on the PTSD spectrum and in my own case the
         | habits of poverty have substantially impacted how I've
         | experienced my own life.
         | 
         | 10 years of working 2-3 jobs was enough to crawl out of
         | deferred expenses land and pay for a few community college
         | classes. I lucked my way into an unexpected pile of cash and a
         | decent paying job. I bought a house and a car, and savings
         | started piling up. I continued to be hounded by anxiety that I
         | didn't notice, because it was the same pot of anxiety I'd been
         | boiled in to that point.
         | 
         | Everything was fine and rosy for a while. Eventually the
         | anxiety burned out enough fuses to start directing choices.
         | What seemed like interests became obsessions. Unpowered hand
         | tools can't run out of gas, work when the electricity's off,
         | and are easy to fix if they break. Gardening replaced more of
         | the shopping list. Wild edibles supplemented gardening. Bicycle
         | commuting saves money and makes scavenging more accessible.
         | Years of anxiety slowly bloomed into delusions, one thing led
         | to another, and quite suddenly I was living out of a bicycle
         | and two panniers. The persisting anxiety of poverty pulled the
         | plug on my success.
         | 
         | Homelessness, poverty, and mental illness are all outcomes of
         | one another. Removing someone from the circumstances of poverty
         | or homelessness is only the first step.
         | 
         | I got lucky again, managing to stumble over housing and a
         | surfeit of income before homelessness made its recognizable
         | mark. Profoundly lucky that by chance I came to know folks
         | who've done social work with others recovering from
         | homelessness, who told me to get some counseling so I could
         | learn to experience the life I had, feel like I own the things
         | I own, and stop alternating between resentfulness and fear of
         | my own success.
         | 
         | Anyway, I'm gonna be that person now and offer the perspective
         | that poverty in the USA is only transactionally similar across
         | lines of discrimination. People of color (and other
         | marginalized persons) do experience a source of trauma and
         | hardship that doesn't go away like poverty does, but does
         | additionally compound the frequency and quality of poverty they
         | experience.
        
         | bsanr2 wrote:
         | You were lucky.
         | 
         | By that, I mean that a non-trivial percentage of the people in
         | your circumstances at every step of the way (soup kitchen, GED
         | attainment, degree attainment, buying your Corolla, buying your
         | house, applying for your $200k/yr job) didn't make it.
         | 
         | I admire your accomplishments. I loathe and rebuke your, "And
         | you can too!". The entire point of the essay you're replying to
         | is to encourage sympathy and empathy for the people who cannot
         | and will not, who will continue to exist in large numbers as
         | long as our society remains as it is. You missed the point.
        
           | nomel wrote:
           | This is being downvoted, but I think there's some truth here.
           | 
           | I had a stroke that resulted in some permanent loss of
           | intelligence. Like most here, I started out a bit higher than
           | average, but experienced what it was like to be below average
           | (right after) and ramp up to a bit below where I was before
           | (after 2 years).
           | 
           | My intelligence, and it's ability to show me the answers to
           | difficult problems, the thing that gave me all of my success,
           | is only very slightly tied to my efforts/education. I was
           | lucky to have been born smart, and it's the only reason I
           | "made it". Maybe I could have "made it" some other way, but
           | it made my climb out of poverty so much easier. Not everyone
           | will be able to climb as well.
        
         | throwaway-0987 wrote:
         | I can't edit the original post, but I wanted to clarify that
         | the last paragraph was intended to give other poor people hope,
         | not to make them feel inadequate. Sort of a cheer leader type
         | thing. I probably should have left it out.
         | 
         | You are all right. I was lucky. We all are to some extent. I
         | consider my aunt my only real family. I still drive to visit
         | her grave each year.
        
           | old_fart_dev wrote:
           | Don't apologize for being optimistic.
           | 
           | I wouldn't have gotten where I have without someone telling
           | me to take my shot and apply to a good college I dreamed
           | about applying to when I was much younger. My parents
           | encouraged me to with their blessing. There were plenty of
           | neighbors and friend who told me it was a moonshot to get in,
           | that I should go to state school, that I couldn't afford it,
           | I wouldn't fit in, yadda, yadda, yadda. But I got in, went,
           | graduated, and I've done well.
           | 
           | I'm sure if my parents told me it was a long shot, I wouldn't
           | have applied. And, I can imagine internalizing this idea that
           | I never had a chance because of who I was and where I was
           | from.
           | 
           | So don't apologize. You don't need to feed the self-
           | righteousness of others.
        
           | Aperocky wrote:
           | > They think I'm nuts and say I need counseling. I probably
           | do.
           | 
           | Good realization. Too many of us deride counseling as an
           | admittance of weakness, it isn't. Hiding from it while
           | maintaining there's nothing wrong _is_.
        
         | throw0932439 wrote:
         | Just want to say I hate the "yeah but luck"/"yeah but you're
         | still privileged because x" going on in the comments and I
         | found your comment inspiring, in case you ever doubt it.
         | 
         | I'm poor, but not extreme poverty poor only because I'm "lucky"
         | that I've had my parents be able to support me. I have several
         | health problems which border on being disabilities (for which
         | actually getting support would be very hard). Without my
         | parents I'd probably be dead. My goal isn't even not being poor
         | just self-sufficient. Of course I'm grateful for having them
         | and how hard they've worked to get where they are now, but
         | anyone pointing out this "luck" anytime I try to comment about
         | my experiences pisses me off to no end. Do you think I don't
         | ponder how much worse off I could be? Will dwelling on that
         | even more than usual help me or anyone like me? No. It already
         | depresses me enough as it is. What helps is hearing that other
         | people have managed to improve their lives too (I also look at
         | ways I could apply what they did). The worse part is when
         | people say it in a way that dismisses all effort on my part
         | (which is how it's usually put even if the people writing it
         | don't realize it). As if, because statistically there are
         | people at my level with worse/better luck that somehow should
         | mean anything to me. I'd rather some ignorant rich person
         | complain about being "poor" than that sort of thinking. If I
         | had put in no effort I would probably still be stuck at home,
         | in pain, probably suicidal.
         | 
         | I can't speak for people in extreme poverty, but I can't
         | imagine "well, you got the short end of the stick" helps them
         | in any way. I would say, yeah, you got the short end of the
         | stick, but even more because of that, if you don't try to dig
         | yourself out, no one is going to come do it for you. You'll
         | fail, again and again and again probably. It's not your fault,
         | and yeah, it's not fair. But if you give up there is not even
         | the chance of getting out.
        
           | robotnikman wrote:
           | It requires both hard work and luck, and neither will really
           | come without the other. To discredit either one playing part
           | in success seems to be looking at only half of the picture
        
         | zouhair wrote:
         | > I made it and you can too. Poverty has no color. It impacts
         | everyone. You can't tell just by looking at someone.
         | 
         | You lost me at this conclusion. This is wrong in every sense of
         | the word and perfect case of Survivorship Bias[0]
         | 
         | The point of having societies is so we should not fend for
         | ourselves, especially rich societies. In rich countries there
         | should be no poor people and charity should not exist because
         | it is not needed.
         | 
         | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survivorship_bias
        
         | adkadskhj wrote:
         | I think similarly. Add in a pinch of imposter syndrome and the
         | anxiety hiding under my privileged life is.. interesting. Eg i
         | am super, super fortunate. I definitely don't make 200k, but i
         | had no experience, managed to work my way into some experience
         | and now make a comfortable living.
         | 
         | My wife and I are DINKs, so while neither of us make amazing
         | money in combination we make a solid wage. No retirement (yet),
         | but a house, and an income that is starting to pay off life
         | (house/retirement/etc) with lots of safety buffer.
         | 
         | With all that said, i'm still terrified of losing everything.
         | I'm sure i've acquired some skills, but passing interviews is
         | difficult so i always think losing it all is one job loss away.
         | 
         | I just have to focus on improving myself, to mitigate my fear
         | of losing it all. I'd like to build software to help people.
         | I'd like to make enough money to eventually help some
         | individuals, too.
         | 
         | Maybe being poor gives you perspective, but i loathe the
         | "bootstraps" mantra. The overwhelming hopelessness you can feel
         | when you're poor and see no path upwards. Yea, you can get a
         | job, but minimum wage barely pays for itself. You want some
         | modest things in life like a house, a car.. but saving for
         | those at $200/m takes a long, long time.
         | 
         | I got out. I hope to stay out. But i consider myself lucky.
        
         | sandworm101 wrote:
         | >> My father left home ... My mom ... left us when she found a
         | new husband.
         | 
         | The horrible thing is that much worse situations are common
         | today. The most common one I've witnessed into is "Dad left,
         | mom is sick". The children become primary care givers to the
         | remaining disabled parent. That basically axes higher education
         | options. Such kids often cannot work outside the home and if
         | they do it will be at most part time and very local. One can
         | choose not to have children. One can decide not to commit
         | crimes. But one cannot choose whether or not to have disabled
         | parents/siblings that need 24/7 care. The really dark aspect is
         | that children grow up. An unplanned child will grow and
         | eventually not need 24/7 care. An aging disabled parent can
         | remain at the same level need for many decades, normally
         | progressing to greater need with time.
        
         | ubermonkey wrote:
         | I have never been Poor, but the kinds of reactions you describe
         | can take root with even pretty transient financial stress.
         | 
         | I had a couple very thin years -- savings dwindling, and then
         | gone; work was scarce. Collectors were calling. I was afraid I
         | was going to lose my house. My power got cut off.
         | 
         | I scraped by, and got out of it, and find myself now in a very
         | fortunate position -- better off than I was before, excellent
         | income, minimal debt (and zero consumer debt), etc. -- but even
         | a couple years of that kind of instability leaves a mark. It's
         | not as much as throwaway's, but I'm very debt-averse. I'm very
         | risk-averse. We save a LOT. I'll never be in that position
         | again.
         | 
         | I find that most people never consider how precarious their
         | position really is until an object lesson comes along.
        
         | rafiki6 wrote:
         | > If you have never been poor, you may not realize how awesome
         | Small houses and Toyota Corollas are.
         | 
         | Love this. These are luxury products for upper middle class
         | folks in a lot of developing countries. I don't think people
         | really grasp this until they experience it themselves.
        
         | phunster wrote:
         | "Throwaway because I don't want my co-workers to know." -Why
         | don't you want your co-workers to find out?
         | 
         | "I made it and you can too" - That's just either ignorance or
         | really wishful thinking.
        
           | a1369209993 wrote:
           | > That's just either ignorance or really wishful thinking.
           | 
           | Or misleading (as a possibly good-faith mistake) use of the
           | word "can", that would be better phrased as "I made it and
           | you might too".
        
         | oblio wrote:
         | > I made it and you can too. Poverty has no color. It impacts
         | everyone. You can't tell just by looking at someone.
         | 
         | And yet statistics disagree with you...
         | 
         | Edit: Nevermind, I saw your other comment. You meant to cheer
         | people up, not make a moral judgment.
        
         | game_the0ry wrote:
         | This comment was a gut punch.
         | 
         | I came from a family that was lower middle class when I was
         | young, then upper middle class, then back to lower class before
         | I graduated college. And I graduated into the 2008 recession.
         | 
         | When I got my current job back in 2017, I finally felt what I
         | though was economic optimism - a sense that the future would be
         | better than the past. What a feeling. This phrase is over-used,
         | but it did feel like a weight off my shoulders.
         | 
         | Then COVID happened...
        
         | SMAAART wrote:
         | My story is somewhat similar to yours, grew up poor AF and in a
         | toxic environment. I escaped in my late 20's, moved cross
         | country and put myself through college and then MBA part time
         | while working full time.
         | 
         | Fast forward to today I am doing well, like you I have no debt
         | whatsoever, decent cash flow, and decent net work.
         | 
         | A couple of interesting things:
         | 
         | 1. 1/3 of homeowners in the US are mortgage free
         | 
         | 2. Read the book "The Millionaire Next door"
         | 
         | Third anecdotal note: I have recently switched job, and I work
         | in a company where there are about 25 people. Well I have
         | noticed that the amount of $ spend on lunch is inversely
         | proportional to the pay: the highest paid employees pack their
         | lunch from home; the lowest paid go out and buy lunch most
         | days, and more expensive lunches.
        
         | pnutjam wrote:
         | $200k per year is in the top 10% of salary, I think it's
         | actually around top 8%. So, obviously not everyone is going to
         | be able to do that. Errors can cause big problems that
         | compound, so early in your career it's much easier to be
         | derailed. We all like to say, "you could do this too", but it's
         | more accurate to say, "I could have ended up like you too, but
         | I got lucky".
         | 
         | Speaking as a very lucky person who makes less then you.
        
         | birdyrooster wrote:
         | I was poor, received food stamps, stole to eat, and was
         | unemployed selling drugs on the side to make scratch. Now I
         | make half a million a year and I still recognize my privilege,
         | I was a huge outlier. No matter how bad it got, I was still a
         | fairly attractive white male who had been introduced to
         | computing by his single mother as a very small boy and spent my
         | latch key kid time on donated computers. Had I gotten caught up
         | in the criminal justice system as a black man, or interviewed
         | as a black man, or any of that and my success could not have
         | been achieved.
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | I really enjoy your story, but to say "I made it and you can
         | too" presumes there is an endless supply of $200k jobs in this
         | country. There obviously is not, and we can't conceive of an
         | economy wherein there would be, so the "you" who can make it
         | "too" is always going to be an exclusive and finite group.
        
         | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
         | I'm on the same path.
         | 
         | House cost 200% yearly pay... drive 2005 Toyota Corolla. I'm
         | the poorest dressed millionare you will know. I buy two shirts
         | a year and wear conference shirts.
        
         | sologoub wrote:
         | Thank you for sharing your experience and the optimism.
         | 
         | That fear feels similar to PTSD - we experienced something we
         | never want us or anyone else to experience.
         | 
         | A lot of people don't really understand how much space and
         | luxuries we actually have around us. The trick is that in that
         | modest house everything works, nothing leaks. The car starts
         | and is safe and comfortable enough. If you take these for
         | granted, it's no big deal. But if you understand that this is
         | in and of itself better than many places, boy is it satisfying
         | when you have it. It is also terrifying that you may lose it
         | again.
         | 
         | The knowledge I feel makes for the better life. The fear
         | unfortunately poisoned it for me for a long time, but I think
         | I'm almost past it. Hope you are as well!
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | One of the things I know poverty did was make me hesitate to
         | take on a mortgage. It was such a burden to think at any moment
         | I might not have a job and then lose everything.
         | 
         | I also remember being the kid who didn't buy Nikes or the
         | natural rubber soles to play sports on parquet, so had to do
         | with other sports that didn't have that requirement.
         | 
         | I also remember the PE teacher telling me I could not just wear
         | short pants, I needed to get sports shorts...
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Yes, I was afraid of a mortgage as well. But seeing the cost
           | of homes rise to outpace my ability to save was what opened
           | my eyes.
           | 
           | After buying (mortgaging) a home though, I was surprised that
           | it was not the liability I expected it to be -- even with the
           | interest on the mortgage, it was my biggest asset and always
           | has been.
        
             | adkadskhj wrote:
             | Yea, that's why i ended up with a house, too. Rent was so
             | variable. It went up and up and up, and while i didn't have
             | to deal with repair/etc, it felt like i had no control.
             | 
             | At least with a house i can budget to pay it off and budget
             | to repair it. Both seem reasonably stable to plan for,
             | assuming you make enough money.
        
         | k__ wrote:
         | Same here.
         | 
         | My father left when I was 6. My mother went cleaning to make
         | some money. Later, she remarried and my step dad was well off,
         | but he also had kids of his own, so it wasn't that much of an
         | improvement.
         | 
         | We didn't have much and all of my childhood I played video
         | games I borrowed from friends on PCs I built of old parts I got
         | from friends or in the trash.
         | 
         | When I went to university, I suddendly met many people who had
         | rich parents and I felt like the dumbest person around. I
         | guess, I probably was, haha.
         | 
         | Since coding paid well, I could clear all my dept realatively
         | early after my degree and now I have saved some money.
         | 
         | But I still have the feeling tomorrow all my clients will
         | desert me.
        
         | lkbm wrote:
         | I'm curious what about your fears are driving your family
         | crazy. Is it living well below your means, forgoing luxuries
         | they'd like (and you can afford), or agonizing over every
         | spending decision, or what?
         | 
         | I've lived on <$20k (as an individual), and lived very frugally
         | as a result, but I've never been in a position where I was
         | struggling financially, so I lack any trauma around that. I do
         | still have some lingering "Is this $5 item worth it?"
         | tendencies, though. Automating bills away can help, but what I
         | really like is having a spreadsheet of "if I had to cut back, I
         | could easily live on $X month" + "I have $Y saved up" and
         | focusing on that ratio. Gives me the appropriate background
         | sense of "I'm doing _fine_ ", and allows me to say "fuck it"
         | and spend money more readily.
         | 
         | At any rate, if you're driving your family crazy, and you think
         | counseling might help, try it. That's one life-improvement
         | investment that _doesn 't_ saddle you any long-term financial
         | obligations. Your "If I had to cut back" number stays low.
        
           | 35fbe7d3d5b9 wrote:
           | As someone who grew up poor, one of the best things I've ever
           | done to get past that real hesitancy around spending money is
           | to use envelope budgeting (I use YNAB but the tool isn't
           | important).
           | 
           | My old habits had me tracking after the fact and I found that
           | I either obsessed over minutiae, failed to plan for the
           | future, or worried too little about bigger purchases.
           | 
           | But now, I put my money in a virtual envelope the moment it
           | comes in, and I have to start thinking about how I'm using
           | it: if I empty out the "restaurant" fund, I have the freedom
           | to reallocate, but I'm forced to _decide_ to reallocate - I
           | don 't just swipe a card and figure it out later.
           | 
           | This also shows me without any question what my current
           | baseline is: I can look month over month and know how much of
           | my spending is discretionary, how much is saving, and what
           | the _bare minimum_ is that I need to survive.
        
         | sandoze wrote:
         | Very similar situation. I had a single mother and spent time
         | with family and non-family members most of my life. I never had
         | much and essentially grew up in a trailer park throughout my
         | teenage years with an elderly couple that I called my
         | grandparents but weren't even related. They were kind enough to
         | take me in.
         | 
         | Fast forward to my 40s and I make a quarter million a year.
         | Have a net worth of over a million, a quarter of which is
         | liquid sitting in several bank accounts making zero interest..
         | but I NEED it there. Own a house outright that is far too small
         | for the family I raised in it (the kids have begun to move away
         | so it's getting 'bigger'). Max my retirement plans. Go long on
         | safe market bets. My car is 12 years old and burns oil (it's a
         | Prius so.. it evens out?). I pay my kids college tuition and
         | squirrel away all my money.
         | 
         | My wife says most people like to collect things and I collect
         | money.
         | 
         | I probably need help but between growing up poor, not figuring
         | out a career path until 30, and the Great Recession...
         | everything is a bubble and unsafe.
        
           | david-gpu wrote:
           | I can relate. You may find that passive value investing
           | resonates with you once you learn more about it.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | I collect tools. Why? Because when I am poor again
           | (retirement?) I won't be able to afford those expensive
           | tools.
           | 
           | Wood and Raspberry Pis, comparatively speaking, are cheaper
           | than table saws and oscilloscopes.
        
         | aaroninsf wrote:
         | > I won the lottery and you can too. Luck has no color.
         | 
         | Maybe the Wish will help, or Intentionality. Prayer also
         | popular.
         | 
         | Against this never lose sight of the fact that since 1971
         | economic mobility in this country has eroded as comprehensively
         | as has the social safety net as has access to high quality
         | public education not to mention health care.
         | 
         | Since 1971 wealth inequality has increased and we are now over
         | the event horizon. So much wealth has been concentrated in the
         | hands of the ultrarich that they have successfully captured
         | both discourse and polity. The possibility space is defined by
         | those who own the means of not just literal communication but
         | the fabrication of consensus opinion and the boundaries of the
         | political spectrum.
         | 
         | What was possible, like this, a generation ago, is literally
         | orders of magnitude more unlikely today.
         | 
         | The status quo cannot hold, and it isn't holding. We remain on
         | the brink of literal violent fascist coup and permanent
         | kleptocracy. Take a look at the headlines from CPAC...
         | 
         | These are dark days.
         | 
         | Most readers here are part of the precariate 10% or aspire to
         | be, the buffer zone of the rich-enough who zealously angrily
         | defend the prerogatives of the very wealthy with whom they
         | identify though they are no more of that class than the utterly
         | disenfranchised permanent Lower Class who have roil and rage in
         | Nomadland, controlled by the surveillance capitalism systems so
         | many of us are building...
         | 
         | It's not going to hold. It's not holding.
        
         | throwaway2a02 wrote:
         | > Anyway, people think I'm 'privileged' now because I earn a
         | lot of money
         | 
         | Any they are right thinking that,aren't they? That kind of
         | money and wealth gives you a huge safety blanket and insulates
         | you from most of the stresses described in the article. That's
         | the whole point of the article, that this is a huge privilege
         | that's overlooked by the well off.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | zigzaggy wrote:
         | I'm glad to hear you made it. I have a similar story, except
         | mine involves health problems and homelessness in adulthood. I
         | "made it" from living on the streets in Austin TX to being a
         | senior manager at a big company. It's SO HARD to dig yourself
         | out of that, and I just wanted to say GOOD JOB!
        
         | whack wrote:
         | > _I made it and you can too. Poverty has no color. It impacts
         | everyone. You can 't tell just by looking at someone._
         | 
         | I love your story. There's also a ton of people who will
         | delight in cherry-picking your story, as justification for not
         | expanding the social safety net. _" throwaway-0987 did it, and
         | you can too! You just need to stop being so lazy"_
         | 
         | A few factors to consider:
         | 
         | - You had an aunt you could live with
         | 
         | - As a youth, you were wise enough to go to trade school and
         | college
         | 
         | - As a youth, you were wise/careful enough to not have babies.
         | Furthering your education would be far tougher when you have
         | kids to take care of
         | 
         | - You had access to government programs such as Pell Grants,
         | which many people would deride as being "government handouts"
         | 
         | - As a youth, you were wise enough to avoid crimes that would
         | disqualify you from educational/employment opportunities in
         | your adult life
         | 
         | Stories like yours are wonderful in inspiring people to make
         | something of themselves. But it doesn't change the fact that we
         | as a society should do more to help people who are caught in a
         | poverty trap, especially because of poor decisions made when
         | they were teenagers. Just because someone ran a 4-minute-mile
         | doesn't mean it's reasonable to expect everyone to do so.
         | 
         | > _Anyway, people think I 'm 'privileged' now because I earn a
         | lot of money, but they have no idea that I used to sleep on the
         | floor and eat in soup lines._
         | 
         | As always in such discussions, privilege is on a spectrum and
         | has many dimensions. To give an obvious example, even as a
         | youth, you were privileged to be an American citizen, with all
         | the rights, assistance and opportunities it entails. If you
         | were born in the same circumstances in Mexico or Congo, you
         | would find yourself facing a far different outcome.
        
           | rossdavidh wrote:
           | If you're talking to the people in the professional class
           | already, your points are valid. If you're talking to someone
           | in OP's situation back then, your points are dispiriting. I
           | know you didn't mean it that way, but it is important to a
           | person who is in a disadvantaged situation to not hear well-
           | meaning members of the professional class saying what sounds
           | like, "you can't make your situation better until the whole
           | system is changed". I think OP's statement of "I made it and
           | you can too" was clearly aimed, not at you or me probably,
           | but a person in the same situation that OP was in years ago.
        
             | jrochkind1 wrote:
             | you make a good point.
             | 
             | The trick is separating "Don't give up" from "it's your
             | fault if you haven't escpaed poverty."
             | 
             | Cause it's also dispiriting to have worked your ass off for
             | 10+ years and still be poor and have someone telling you if
             | you were trying hard enough you would be in a different
             | position.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | lc9er wrote:
           | > There's also a ton of people who will delight in cherry-
           | picking your story, as justification for not expanding the
           | social safety net. "throwaway-0987 did it, and you can too!
           | You just need to stop being so lazy"
           | 
           | > we as a society should do more to help people who are
           | caught in a poverty trap, especially because of poor
           | decisions made when they were teenagers. Just because someone
           | ran a 4-minute-mile doesn't mean it's reasonable to expect
           | everyone to do so.
           | 
           | Yes. Thank you. Lots of people start out poor and make it
           | out. I did. Many friends did. But just as many did not. And
           | it had _zero_ to do with "hard work". Almost all of it had to
           | with the lack of a robust safety need and the need to
           | (endlessly) prioritize survival.
        
           | chmod600 wrote:
           | When wearing your policymaking hat, I agree that you should
           | consider what people actually do (which is not always wise)
           | rather than just what they _should_ do.
           | 
           | But when actually struggling (or perhaps even when
           | comfortable), you should forget about policy and fairness and
           | just make the best decisions you can and keep trying to do
           | the right thing, and that gives you or your children or
           | grandchildren the best chance to make it to a comfortable
           | place.
           | 
           | You are obvioualy wearing your policymaking hat.
           | Unfortunately, policymaking is and endless mess of arguing
           | and distracts real people from doing the right thing. Calling
           | things "unfair", even if true, is discouraging for struggling
           | people and makes them less likely to succeed if they listen
           | to you.
           | 
           | The fact is that there's a lot of opportunity here, and a lot
           | of people in the world realize that and come here to realize
           | the opportunity.
           | 
           | Any message of unfairness, in my opinion, should be coupled
           | with the context that the best way forward is still by
           | prudent choices and a multi-generational outlook. Like so
           | many immigrants have.
           | 
           | You call poverty a "trap", but part of that is imposed by a
           | given location. That coal mining town might never come back,
           | and opportunities will be scarce. But growing cities will
           | always offer opportunity to newcomers. It's much easier to
           | "immigrate" from a declining city/town to a growing one than
           | from another country.
           | 
           | This is not to say that we can't improve policy. We can. But
           | the constant drumbeat of unfairness and victimhood is a
           | counterproductive tactic in the policymaking process.
        
             | screye wrote:
             | > When wearing your policymaking hat, I agree that you
             | should consider what people actually do (which is not
             | always wise) rather than just what they should do.
             | 
             | > But when actually struggling (or perhaps even when
             | comfortable), you should forget about policy and fairness
             | and just make the best decisions you can and keep trying to
             | do the right thing, and that gives you or your children or
             | grandchildren the best chance to make it to a comfortable
             | place.
             | 
             | This exact dichotomy comes up when I give advice. I have
             | started calling it ' _advice for persons_ ' vs ' _advice
             | for peoples_ ' (the grammatical peculiarity is on purpose).
             | Both are often completely different.
             | 
             | OP's advice is great for persons. It doesn't work for
             | policy making which is decidedly about peoples. But, I
             | don't think that was its intention to begin with.
        
             | Gravityloss wrote:
             | Seems high crime rate decreases the efficiency and well
             | being of societies a lot.
             | 
             | The person can't live in a dense area and must have a car,
             | to avoid other people since they are potentially dangerous.
             | Also their workplace is in a dangerous area. So a large
             | portion of their money goes to transportation and housing.
             | 
             | What if they were just as poor but the crime rate in
             | general was just lower? They could live in dense housing
             | and use public transport all day, as could the spouse and
             | the kids.
             | 
             | To an outsider, this seems like a really big factor.
        
             | estaseuropano wrote:
             | How about a reality hat: the world does not offer everyone
             | equal chances. You live in a country surrounded by fences
             | and border patrol exactly to keep those that were less
             | lucky from trying to get some of that luck.
             | 
             | Even when born in the country, there are better and worse
             | schools, better and worse social infrastructure, a billion
             | different glass ceilings according to color, gender, age,
             | accent or faith.
             | 
             | Your comment perpetuates the eternal lie that everyone can
             | rise to the top, but we all know that some have a 50%
             | chance and others a 0.0005% chance to 'make it'. It's
             | absurd to blame the kid with a bad school and no breakfast
             | for not living up to the highest moral standards and take
             | all the right decisions when they have probably barely to
             | no good advice, guidance or role models.
             | 
             | Its easy to judge, but try to empathise. That's not a
             | policy hat, it's acknowledging reality.
        
               | nostrademons wrote:
               | I saw nothing of the sort in chmod600's comment. They
               | even led with "When wearing your policymaking hat, I
               | agree that you should consider what people actually do."
               | 
               | Policymakers in Washington and poor immigrants on the
               | streets need different advice, because _they control
               | different things_. If you are President or Congressperson
               | in the U.S.A, then by all means: let 's have a more
               | humane immigration system, and universal health care, and
               | a social safety net.
               | 
               | But if you're a poor immigrant in this country, _none of
               | that policy is up to you_. Non-citizens don 't get to
               | vote; Congresspeople do not listen to them. They risk
               | being deported for the slightest infraction. They often
               | require their employer to sponsor their continued stay in
               | the U.S. They lack financial resources, and oftentimes
               | job skills. They lack cultural capital and a support
               | network.
               | 
               | But they can control several things. They can control
               | _where_ they choose to settle, and move to areas with
               | more opportunity. They can control what they choose to
               | spend money on, and not let anything out the door that
               | isn 't absolutely essential for survival. They can
               | control what they do with their time, and allocate that
               | to building new skills and pursuing new opportunities. If
               | they don't do all of those things, they _will_ fall
               | behind, through the cracks, because that 's how life is
               | for poor non-citizens in America. It's usually worse for
               | poor non-citizens in the countries they came from, too.
               | 
               | Being able to think systemically, act collectively, and
               | be free from any sort of reprisal or consequence is
               | itself a form of privilege. I thought that chmod600's
               | comment acknowledged reality more than yours did, because
               | _not everybody has that privilege_. And if you 're one of
               | the many people who don't, your best option is to think
               | about your own enlightened self-interest, act according
               | to the options available to you, consider consequences
               | carefully, and not feel too guilty about doing the best
               | that you can.
        
             | baby wrote:
             | > But the constant drumbeat of unfairness and victimhood is
             | a counterproductive tactic in the policymaking process.
             | 
             | I don't get it, do you think the system is fair? Do you
             | think it's fine to have so many homeless people in the US
             | because they were given a fair chance? Do you think it's
             | fair that you can go bankrupt due to a medical issue?
        
           | asoneth wrote:
           | In my experience, an individual who believes that success is
           | the result of hard work will end up being more successful
           | than a similar individual who believes that success is
           | primarily due to starting conditions or luck.
           | 
           | At the same time, government policies that acknowledge that
           | success is hugely dependent on starting conditions and luck
           | seem to result in more equitable societies. (i.e. higher Gini
           | coefficient or Shorrocks index)
           | 
           | I don't think there's an inherent conflict between those
           | perspectives -- it's boiling them down to two-dimensional
           | strawman arguments that makes them look that way.
        
             | opportune wrote:
             | Fully agreed. At an individual level, there are often
             | decisions you can make regarding career choices, saving,
             | when to have children, etc. that can greatly impact your
             | financial situation down the line.
             | 
             | At a societal level, not every single person can be a
             | software engineer, UI designer, realtor, etc. And
             | additionally some fraction of people simply will make
             | mistakes or not-strictly-optimal decisions. It's a
             | balancing act recognizing that individual decisions can
             | have an impact on outcomes, that some portion of people
             | will still suffer anyway, and alleviating that suffering as
             | much as possible without creating a cycle of
             | dependence/socializing the costs of easily fixed issues.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | I don't like your take, either, as it suggests we shouldn't
           | push young people to make good decisions where possible.
           | 
           | I think what both approaches miss, is the biggest underlying
           | problem is Cost Disease:
           | 
           | https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/02/09/considerations-on-
           | cost...
           | 
           | Reeling in out of control price increases on the most
           | important expenses like health care, education and housing
           | would do more to improve the lot of the poor than any
           | redistribution scheme.
           | 
           | Now, redistribution may be a necessary part of lowering
           | costs. Like establishing government run health care to
           | control cost increases and investing in public universities
           | to radically reduce or eliminate tuition.
           | 
           | This approach helps everyone, but disproportionately helps
           | the poor. And controlling costs will help the poor more in
           | the long run, I believe, than any redistribution scheme that
           | doesn't address skyrocketing costs.
        
           | theodric wrote:
           | Insufferable.
        
           | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
           | Does it really help to inform someone sharing a story of
           | their privation that they could have had it worse? I mean I
           | am on board with the notion that there are various aspects of
           | privilege, and that someone who had it hard in some dimension
           | might have some privilege in others. But it doesn't seem like
           | an appropriate response in this context.
        
             | alephu5 wrote:
             | Read the conclusion again.
        
               | birdyrooster wrote:
               | The conclusion is that poverty from systemic racism
               | doesn't exist. I don't know how he ended up there but now
               | I understand the need for a throwaway.
        
               | ljm wrote:
               | The conclusion is that it is a class problem, and there
               | are many mechanisms at play that keep the rich rich and
               | the poor poor.
               | 
               | That's the compassionate read on it.
        
           | dahfizz wrote:
           | 3 of the 5 factors you list boil down to "OP made good
           | decisions and worked hard". I'm not sure how that is a
           | counter argument to "throwaway-0987 did it, and you can too!
           | You just need to stop being so lazy". From their description,
           | it doesn't sound like living with his Aunt was a tremendous
           | boon either.
           | 
           | I don't mean to argue against a social safety net (free
           | college in this example was certainly a good thing). I just
           | mean to say that you can't discount the importance of hard
           | work and good judgement. The government can not and should
           | not lift people out of poverty if those people refuse to work
           | to better themselves.
        
             | relaxing wrote:
             | Living with anyone beats being out on the street. And
             | probably beat being in the foster system.
        
               | sigstoat wrote:
               | > Living with anyone beats being out on the street
               | 
               | a lot of folks on the street disagree
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | Some have left unsustainable situations, but some were
               | the a-hole of the situations.
        
             | zouhair wrote:
             | > "OP made good decisions and worked hard"
             | 
             | OP could as easily "made the wrong decisions", it's
             | literally a crapshoot.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | > The government can not and should not lift people out of
             | poverty if those people refuse to work to better
             | themselves.
             | 
             | I think everyone is deserving of not living in poverty.
             | Even "lazy" people.
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | I think people quickly tire of it when they have to take
               | care of those lazy people directly. I'm not saying
               | nothing should be done. Just that it is a fallacy to
               | think the government simply has infinite money to spend.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Probably also a fallacy that it would take infinite
               | amounts of money to alleviate poverty (:
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | Since people can multiply, infinite amounts is a possible
               | scenario. Also scarcity - think of "a kingdom for a
               | horse". If there are 1000 apples and 1001 people, and
               | everybody who doesn't get an apple starves to death, the
               | 1001th apple would be worth an infinite amount of money
               | to the 1001th person at least, or to the person who wants
               | to save them by all means.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > Since people can multiply, infinite amounts is a
               | possible scenario
               | 
               | Unless my physics course misled me, no, it isn't.
        
               | xxpor wrote:
               | > Just that it is a fallacy to think the government
               | simply has infinite money to spend.
               | 
               | They create the money so they literally do. Doesn't mean
               | it shouldn't be deployed wisely of course.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | If you want to be pedantic, they have the ability to
               | create infinite nominal dollars. They cannot create
               | infinite wealth.
        
               | EvilEy3 wrote:
               | They "create" money out of your pocket.
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | If they print money, they devalue the money people
               | already have, so in the end again it is the people, not
               | "government", who pay.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | When your friend Steve comes to you to "borrow" $100
               | (that he'll never return), because he's short on rent,
               | and he blew last of his cash on hookers and booze, it
               | seems pretty reasonable and perfectly morally justified
               | to either refuse outright, or condition your help on
               | requirement that Steve gets a job, and quits his hookers
               | and booze habit. Certainly, nobody would ever suggest
               | that you have any obligation to enable Steve to live his
               | desired lifestyle of leisure, hookers and booze.
               | 
               | However, when it's the government that comes and asks you
               | to give them $100, so that they could in turn give it to
               | Joe, an acquaintance of Steve living the same lifestyle
               | that you have never even met, somehow now it is your
               | moral obligation to pay up, as Joe clearly deserves your
               | money. How does that work?
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | What if he blew his budget buying cable TV and soda? I
               | lived in poverty, and had many aquaintances who were also
               | in poverty. Everyone had children, and so many of them
               | had $30-40k a year in benefits (welfare). Everyone had
               | gaming consoles and very large modern TVs and computers,
               | endless soda on tap (that is all they would drink), and
               | everyone had cable TV and bought drugs (cocaine,
               | weed)...and cigarettes. Everyone I knew. This was just
               | their life with no serious ambitions. I forgot to mention
               | that most households pulling in government benefits were
               | engaged in fraud. Often the fraud was a live-boyfriend
               | who contributed money but who's income was not counted on
               | the mothers' benefit calculation because she claimed to
               | live alone with her children.
               | 
               | Before you make soap box comments you should be aware of
               | reality. You might think I'm arguing against welfare
               | benefits but I am not. The whole time I watched this
               | state of affairs I seethed because it was middle class
               | tax payers making up the difference in pay for walmart
               | and other corporations who pay poverty wages.
        
               | mattbk1 wrote:
               | To add to https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26307485,
               | the government may be in a position to turn that $100
               | directly into food or housing for Steve.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | The $100 Steve asked me to borrow will also turn directly
               | into housing. He said that he needs it to meet his rent,
               | and he's not lying: he will use it to pay his rent.
               | Nevertheless, that just enables him to continue his
               | hookers and booze habit.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | > How does that work?
               | 
               | Because to a first approximation, that's not what ever
               | happens. "Steve" is far more a political talking point
               | than a real person.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | Interesting to hear this, when I modeled "Steve" after
               | two people I personally know. One is my family member,
               | and the other is my middle school acquaintance. Their
               | lifestyle is exactly enabled by the money they get from
               | government. Should I believe you, or my own lying eyes?
        
               | ska wrote:
               | > Should I believe you, or my own lying eyes?
               | 
               | Neither of course! Either believing your own experience
               | to generalize well _or_ believing someone random on the
               | internet would be crazy talk.
               | 
               | What you should believe is the research on this, which
               | admittedly is difficult with anything this politicized.
               | What I base it on is a combination of reading some of
               | that (though I'm no expert) and knowing some people quite
               | well who have had state level responsibility for programs
               | of this kind.
               | 
               | Fraud, and "Steves" certainly exist, but it seems that
               | the numbers are small enough they don't have much
               | systemic impact, there are many much bigger issues.
               | 
               | That's what I meant by "to a first approximation"; not
               | that it doesn't exist, but the effect isn't of 1st order
               | importance.
        
               | landryraccoon wrote:
               | Paying Steve $100 isn't the only option.
               | 
               | If my alcoholic friend from college came to me because he
               | was short on rent or needed to buy them groceries, I
               | wouldn't give them $100. I'd offer to buy them groceries
               | or write a check to the landlord directly.
               | 
               | The government can do the same thing. If someone needs
               | healthcare or education and can't afford it, pay for the
               | healthcare or education. A social net doesn't mean a
               | blank check.
        
               | RobertKerans wrote:
               | It works because that's not the calculation being made.
               | You're not giving up money specifically to a "Steve" or
               | "Joe". What you are doing is putting money into a pool.
               | From that pool, the money is redistributed in such a way
               | as to provide baseline income to people in need. Most of
               | the people it is redistributed to are not "Steve" or
               | "Joe", and the calculation is that it is cheaper to
               | ignore free riders such as Steve/Joe as they are a small
               | minority. The calculation is also that _not_ providing
               | this baseline is both economically bad (providing a
               | baseline seems to be much more cost effective than
               | dealing with effects of not doing that) and morally bad
               | (most of the people in need of the baseline are in need
               | of it not [directly] through fault of their own)
        
               | lasfter wrote:
               | Because some of the money also goes to Sally who
               | genuinely needs help. I don't understand how you can be
               | okay with people starving or working themselves to death
               | to survive and provide for their families, just because
               | others do things you disapprove of.
               | 
               | You're also ignoring the fact that someone who is
               | eligible for this kind of social security and spends it
               | all on booze is probably unwell and needs treatment for
               | addiction and the conditions that cause it. In many
               | cases, the cause of addiction is poverty itself.
               | 
               | This fear of being "scammed" by the Joes and Steves of
               | the world is completely irrational. The government is
               | taking a big chunk of your money anyways. What's being
               | proposed is that instead of spending tax dollars on
               | killing poor people abroad, you spend it on helping poor
               | people at home, regardless of their work ethic.
        
               | eecc wrote:
               | well said, thank you.
        
               | vinger wrote:
               | If society agrees to give $100 to the military you have
               | no say in how they spend it.
               | 
               | If society agrees to give $100 to Steve then you have no
               | say in how that move is spent.
               | 
               | If you think it's better not to give to Steve anything
               | and you lobby to change the law and are successful. When
               | Andre is affected by this change he decides to make up
               | the difference by breaking into your place and killing
               | you. At least Steve doesn't have his hookers right?
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | In your mind, is blowing the "last of his cash on hookers
               | and booze" the median behavior of people who are short on
               | rent?
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | No, but the point is that when my friends ask me for
               | help, I can use the circumstances under which they got
               | themselves into needing help in my decision of whether I
               | help them, and whether there is any moral obligation on
               | me to help them. With government, there is no such
               | option: they will take my money by force, use it for
               | anything at all that they might possibly want, and all I
               | can say is something on the order of one or two bits of
               | feedback every 4-5 years.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | In your mind, does that description fit absolutely nobody
               | who is short on rent?
        
               | dv_dt wrote:
               | I am confused by this. The comment is against taking care
               | of lazy people directly, but also hits on government
               | spending which would be the way to make direct personal
               | care of lazy people indirect. As to the infinite money -
               | we have more than enough productive capacity to supply
               | basics of life to everyone without trying to somehow
               | further weigh if their laziness needs to be punitively
               | motivated for basic living support.
               | 
               | Is this some fear that if we provide basic supports for
               | everyone that "too many" people would not move beyond
               | basics? That really seems unlikely.
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | I was replying to an absolute statement, "every lazy
               | person deserves x". My point is that there are probably
               | more aspects to consider in general.
               | 
               | Your claims that we have "more than enough" are unproven,
               | imo.
               | 
               | Let's take housing. Is your claim that there is enough
               | good housing around for everybody, or that it could be
               | built quickly? How quickly - how many houses are needed,
               | by your estimate? How many building workers are
               | available, and how fast could they build? How many heavy
               | machines (cranes, trucks, bulldozuers...) are available
               | on short notice, to speed up the building?
               | 
               | I don't think many such machines are sitting around idly,
               | and the same goes for construction workers. That means
               | housing is already being built at maximum capacity, and
               | yet there still aren't enough affordable houses.
               | 
               | Just because Apple can make billions of dollars of
               | surplus, doesn't mean there is the equivalant of building
               | machines sitting around idly, waiting to be hired with
               | Apple's money (taking Apple as an example of a rich
               | surplus company).
               | 
               | In fact that money is just debt, literally IOUs - "I owe
               | you". Apple selling an iPhone to people for 1000$ means
               | they trust those people will someday repay them with
               | something worth roughly 1000$. That something could be a
               | building machine. But that machine does not have to exist
               | yet - at the point of sale, all there is is Apple's trust
               | in "the people" to at some point provide that building
               | machine.
               | 
               | Now if Apple were to say today "screw it, we are spending
               | all our money on building houses for the poor", it would
               | probably result in the equivalent of a bank run. Apple
               | would try to rent or buy 10000 construction machines in a
               | single go, but that many machines don't exist. So "the
               | people" would have to go oopsie and say "actually, you
               | can not get a bulldozer for your money".
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Its actually quite a good claim, for example if we
               | examine UK: we have more empty houses than we have
               | homeless people, and we have more food thrown away as
               | waste than what would be needed to feed said homeless
               | people.
               | 
               | Furthermore, suppose you were to budget 3000 calories of
               | basic food for every person in Uk, you'd find it's a tiny
               | fraction of national budget.
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | So the only reason those homeless people don't get their
               | houses is that nobody wants to give them to them? I
               | rather doubt that number. More likely those empty houses
               | are in places where nobody wants to live, or that are
               | unsuitable for homeless (because the environment to
               | support them is missing in the location).
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | The empty houses in UK and especially London is a well-
               | known and researched problem, they are prime real estate
               | where the owner decided that renting them out is not
               | worth the trouble, they are just land-banking and waiting
               | for their 'investment' to grow. Many (of those) owners
               | don't even live in UK.
               | 
               | We had a 'homeless' guy build his house in a forest, but
               | ofcourse the government showed up to remove him. Many
               | people would sort themselves out if we did not prevent
               | them from doing so.
               | 
               | The narrative of shortage is an obsolete idea from the
               | 19th century. We produce more food, steel, oil, and every
               | other real industrial good than we know what to do with.
               | These discussions are like fighting WW2 with medieval
               | tactics.
               | 
               | Today's economy is not limited by production like it was
               | 100 years ago, its limited by consumption. By growing
               | inequality and pushing people into poverty, the '1st
               | world' is reducing consumption and destroying it's
               | economy.
               | 
               | Think about it - how can we have abandoned factories,
               | unemployed workers and surplus of all materials?
               | 
               | Think what 'productivity growth' means - if 40 hours a
               | week was enough to feed and clothe everyone 70 years ago,
               | and productivity went up 400%, how many hours do we need
               | now?
               | 
               | That why we have useless hobs, and 60% of employees
               | believe their job is useless.
               | 
               | The problem is not about morally corupt rich people being
               | in charge, its about morons being in charge. If they were
               | clever but evil, at least the system would not crash
               | every 8 few years
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | > By growing inequality and pushing people into poverty
               | 
               | I am sick of hearing about poverty as a growing problem.
               | It simply isn't.
               | 
               | Median income, and the lowest income quintile, have grown
               | steadily. The percent of Americans living in poverty has
               | been declining. Median wealth is still lower than it was
               | before the 2008 crisis, but it was growing strongly
               | before and has grown strongly since the Great Recession.
               | 
               | All trends are upwards. Do not confuse growing inequality
               | with growing poverty. Some are getting richer faster than
               | others, but statistically everyone is getting richer.
               | 
               | Is there a specific metric in mind when you say people
               | are being pushed into poverty? Or is it something you
               | have just heard elsewhere?
        
               | DataWorker wrote:
               | Homelessness is obviously increasing though it's
               | difficult to measure with precision. Homelessness is
               | worse than poverty and homeless aren't even counted in
               | official poverty calculations. The census can't sample
               | them.
        
               | overlords wrote:
               | Do they need to be typical houses?
               | 
               | About 10 million cars are produced in the USA every year.
               | An RV/Trailer type thing is like a car - so quite easily
               | you could imagine producing that many of these 'tiny
               | houses' every year with car style factories.
               | 
               | About 600k people are homeless in the USA. That's about
               | equal to the number of RV's produced every year.
               | 
               | So that solves 'physical' homelessness quite quickly if
               | there was an effort to. (that disregards that some
               | homeless choose to homeless out of mental illness etc)
        
               | hellbannedguy wrote:
               | I don't think they are lazy.
               | 
               | Many have emotional problems.
               | 
               | Most people complain about their jobs, or multiple jobs,
               | but know it provides so much more than money. Half the
               | people I know would have 0 friends, O social life, if not
               | for those lousy jobs.
               | 
               | It's ironic you say the government doesn't have infinite
               | money to spend.
               | 
               | We are about to throw close to two trillion out of a
               | helicopter. There is not a person, well one, on my block
               | in Marin County that has not benefited financially from
               | the virus, but will be getting $1400 to blow.
               | 
               | I am worried about inflation.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | Inflation of US currency is dead.
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | The OP was specifically a bout "lazy people", so your
               | claim that they are not lazy does not make any sense at
               | all.
               | 
               | You can argue that there may be no actual lazy people,
               | but that is another discussion.
               | 
               | "We are about to throw close to two trillion out of a
               | helicopter."
               | 
               | Are you really not aware that the bill for that will
               | simply come later (as it is a debt taken out on behalf of
               | the population), and in the process of creating those two
               | trillion, existing money has already been devalued?
        
               | retrac wrote:
               | Most of the people I know who don't work who are
               | sometimes dismissed as lazy have mental issues. In the
               | family of ADHD, or anxiety. Unable to focus on pursuing a
               | particular path long enough for it to pay off. Easily
               | frustrated and prone to giving up when frustrated. And
               | often a crippling doubt that they're capable of doing
               | anything worth being paid for in the first place.
               | 
               | I suspect clever lazy people without barriers to social
               | or economic participation usually seek out, and often
               | obtain, jobs where they're paid to do approximately
               | nothing. Lazy people, assuming that category is even
               | meaningful, aren't masochists who want to live in
               | poverty. There's more going on there.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | I think most people here are guily of double-think.
               | Either you believe in capital punishment, or you believe
               | in universal income, the third option is hypocracy.
               | 
               | If you don't believe in state sanctioned murder, then we
               | have to clothe and feed and house people that commited
               | horrible crimes.
               | 
               | Surely if a rapist deserves to be fed, so does an
               | innocent person who can't find a job? Being useless is
               | not a crime.
               | 
               | Also i dispute this qualification as lazy - some people
               | are disorganised, not very clever, etc. You can only
               | claim laziness if we had like a right to a job no matter
               | what.
        
               | covidthrow wrote:
               | > Surely if a rapist deserves to be fed, so does an
               | innocent person who can't find a job?
               | 
               | The State actively deprived the rapist of their ability
               | to act autonomously to care for themselves, so they are
               | obligated to do so on their behalf. The State (typically)
               | does not actively deprive an innocent person who can't
               | find a job of their autonomy. (There are some arguable
               | scenarios in which they do, however, such as excessive
               | fines, but obligation to pay those are dependent on
               | ability, and feeding ones-self supercedes that in most
               | jurisdictions.)
               | 
               | > some people are disorganised, not very clever, etc. You
               | can only claim laziness if we had like a right to a job
               | no matter what.
               | 
               | It is ethical to care for those who are unable to care
               | for themselves. It's not as clearly ethical to force
               | someone else to care for those who are unable to care for
               | themselves.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | The state could put the same deal to the rapist as it
               | does to everyone else: work if you want to eat. It does
               | not.
               | 
               | Calling the unemployed lazy is a lie untill you offered
               | them a job and they refused.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | > The state could put the same deal to the rapist as it
               | does to everyone else: work if you want to eat. It does
               | not.
               | 
               | And you would be okay with that? You're advocating for
               | actual slavery of inmates?
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Not at all, I am just following the logic trail and
               | seeing where it goes
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | For some definition of "deserving", I would agree.
               | Certainly, everyone should have the tools and
               | opportunities they need to build the life they want.
               | 
               | Society has limited resources. Until we manage the post-
               | scarcity utopia, I would prefer my tax dollars go to
               | someone who will use them to build a better life.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Half of _all private wealth_ is inherited, not earned
               | through work, by the wealthiest 5% of households.
               | 
               | In that context, why focus on giving small portions of
               | wealth to those in poverty (even if they aren't working
               | as hard as you think they ought to)?
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | The notion that children don't deserve the spoils of
               | their parents is really crazy to me. Parents work so that
               | they can give their children a better life. Heck, they
               | even choose their partners to maximize odds for a better
               | life for their offspring (wealth, good genes, and so on -
               | it does not even depend on capitalism).
               | 
               | To take that away from people is truly dehumanizing, but
               | sounds like a typical socialist scheme (destroy the
               | family, destroy individualism, everything has to be the
               | same).
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | So you are only deserving of a life free of poverty (even
               | if you're lazy) if your parents happened to be rich?
               | 
               | Yeah, I disagree. We're talking about on the order of
               | tens of millions of dollars or more being passed from one
               | parent to one child.
        
               | overlords wrote:
               | 1 rich person saving his money so his 3 children never
               | have to work is bad for the economy.
               | 
               | It's better the 1 rich person is forced to consume that
               | in his lifetime. By doing so that money is redistributed
               | back to the economy, and his 3 kids are also productive.
               | 
               | In scenario 1 only 1 out 4 people work. In scenario 2, 4
               | out of 4 people work.
               | 
               | Also - it's hypocritical for 'pull yourself by your
               | bootstraps' for children born poor, and 'guaranteed basic
               | income' for children born rich. That is more dehumanizing
               | than not being allowed to pass off inheritance.
        
               | gizmondo wrote:
               | When rich person pays others to, let's say, build a
               | luxurious castle, the money is both redistributed back to
               | the economy AND the castle is there to use, for a few
               | centuries at least. That's how investing* makes the
               | society wealthier, and promoting consumption instead is
               | nuts.
               | 
               | * There is a caveat that it should be a new investment
               | rather than a purchase of the existing one, which is
               | zero-sum.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | Its hard for me to imagine being so full of envy that you
               | would like to see the children of rich people stripped of
               | everything they have. Equality means nothing if you
               | achieve it by pulling everyone down to the lowest level.
               | 
               | > 1 rich person saving his money so his 3 children never
               | have to work is bad for the economy.
               | 
               | "Your rights are bad for the economy, we are taking
               | everything from you. Back to work, pleb".
        
               | covidthrow wrote:
               | If one were to redistribute _all_ of the top 5% 's wealth
               | at once:
               | 
               | - it wouldn't be liquid, so you'd be giving part
               | ownership in assets
               | 
               | - the value would be slightly less than median yearly
               | _income_ per recipient. At a pretty sizeable 5% average
               | return, the individuals would net about $2,000 a year.
               | 
               | - if they chose to sell the assets, they would end up
               | with about one year's median income and then it's gone
               | 
               | I'm not sure how much money you think lives up at the
               | top, but redistributing it is not sustainable, and it's
               | certainly not enough to magically pull everyone out of
               | poverty indefinitely. (Or even for very long, at that.)
               | 
               | There are a ton of reasonable discussions to be had about
               | imbalanced power structures between socioeconomic groups,
               | but this whole redistribution thing is just a fantasy.
               | 
               | One can look at a million/billionaire and say, "oh, this
               | person has 50 cars. That's _way_ too many cars for one
               | person to have! Let 's give them away to people who
               | actually _need_ cars! " So you seize them and give them
               | away--along with the other 12,000 super wealthy people
               | that own 50 or more cars--and then you have... 200,000
               | people who still don't have cars.
               | 
               | For groups that preach so frequently about global and
               | ecological sustainability, there's a disturbing blind
               | spot for economic sustainability. I think that's more a
               | feature of envy than responsibility, unfortunately.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > For groups that preach so frequently about global and
               | ecological sustainability, there's a disturbing blind
               | spot for economic sustainability
               | 
               | What you've done is described a position ("redistributing
               | all of the top 5%'s wealth at once"), described the
               | problems with it, and then criticized my obvious blind
               | spots due to this oversight. Forgotten in this tale is
               | that I never held that position in the first place! You
               | are criticizing your own invented argument.
               | 
               | Also, even if I did favor redistributing all wealth in
               | the top 5% of families, a simple back-of-napkin
               | calculation shows that your argument is wrong.
               | 
               | 107 * 10^12 (total networth of US households [0]) * 0.619
               | (share owned by top 5% [0]) * 0.05 (rate of return) /
               | (315*10^6 (population of US)) = $10k/yr for every person
               | in the US just off of the returns from that wealth, which
               | is 5x your estimate. The US Census poverty threshold is
               | making below $13k/yr. If that wealth was held for you
               | until you were 18, that would be every young person
               | starting their life with $180k in savings, which is
               | another $9k/yr with 0.05 rate of return.
               | 
               | Obviously, there's a whole host of issues with this,
               | including some of the ones you mentioned, and (of course)
               | price inflation, but I am not sure how you calculated
               | your numbers.
               | 
               | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wealth_inequality_in_t
               | he_Unite...
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | > I'm not sure how much money you think lives up at the
               | top, but redistributing it is not sustainable, and it's
               | certainly not enough to magically pull everyone out of
               | poverty indefinitely.
               | 
               | People just do not understand this. You could take away
               | every penny from every billionaire in this country. If
               | you sold everything they had, you would not have enough
               | money to fund the federal government for even one year.
               | And now the money is gone; you can no longer collect tax
               | from the ex-wealthy.
               | 
               | Nevertheless, "just tax the rich" is treated as the
               | solution to all problems. I guess people hear all the
               | talk about the "top one tenth of one percent" and they
               | imagine literally bottomless bank accounts.
        
               | 35fbe7d3d5b9 wrote:
               | This is a lie. The world has enough resources to feed,
               | clothe, and house everyone. We've chose to build a system
               | that does not.
               | 
               | Perhaps you find that defensible, perhaps you find that
               | appalling, but argue that position, not one that isn't
               | true.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | "We've chose to build a system that does not."
               | 
               | The kind of poverty where you starve and have to wear
               | rags is becoming rare even in Africa. From this point of
               | view, the system has clearly worked and the pendulum even
               | went too far, with obesity becoming a serious problem in
               | places that aren't typically considered rich (Mexico,
               | Brazil).
               | 
               | Housing is a different problem. We have a housing crisis
               | because many people want to live in a few select urban
               | hotspots of the world.
        
               | ctdonath wrote:
               | We only have that much because of the incentive to
               | produce. Redistribute, by compulsion, the fruits of one's
               | labors and most will soon stop laboring. I may be able to
               | support >10, but compel me to and my productivity will
               | plummet.
        
               | mandmandam wrote:
               | "compel me to and my productivity will plummet."
               | 
               | What you call incentive is really compulsion, just of a
               | more extreme form.
        
               | idrios wrote:
               | This statement reads to me the same as something like
               | "Computers have the resources to find the cure for
               | cancer, but we've chosen not to find that cure." You're
               | using the word "chosen" as if we know how to build the
               | system you're describing. Our understanding of technology
               | is sufficiently advanced to build a system that feeds,
               | clothes and houses everyone, but our understanding of
               | social sciences is not there yet.
        
               | leetcrew wrote:
               | > The world has enough resources to feed, clothe, and
               | house everyone.
               | 
               | this is kind of reductive claim. in one sense, it's
               | trivially true that the earth has more raw resources than
               | humans can consume even over the course of centuries.
               | AFAIK it's also true that, under the current system of
               | organization, the global economy produces enough finished
               | goods to feed, clothe, and house everyone (though people
               | often bring up logistical caveats here, eg, distributing
               | stuff in places where there are no paved roads or
               | airfields).
               | 
               | the real question here is whether we would still have
               | that quantity of finished goods under a different system
               | of organization with different incentives. to be clear, I
               | don't discount the possibility that we might have even
               | more! but it seems more likely to me that people would
               | simply produce less stuff if they didn't get to keep the
               | surplus by default.
        
               | lostcolony wrote:
               | Just like how that increase in marginal tax rate prevents
               | anyone from climbing into the upper tax brackets (and why
               | we never had millionaires back when the top bracket was >
               | 90%), eh?
               | 
               | Of course people can keep the surplus. Some of it. But
               | we're a far, far cry from the point where people will
               | stop working when only getting a percentage of their
               | labor's worth (or their parent's labor's worth, as is
               | often the case).
        
               | leetcrew wrote:
               | > and why we never had millionaires back when the top
               | bracket was > 90%
               | 
               | some caveats apply to this offhand quip (very different
               | tax laws and perhaps even widespread evasion meant almost
               | no one was paying an effective tax of 90%, regardless of
               | actual income). I suspect you know this.
               | 
               | I'm sure there's a lot of slack in the tax brackets. I
               | doubt we are close to a laffer curve inflection point.
               | all I'm saying is I'm not convinced by the style of
               | argument that goes "we already have enough food for
               | everyone; we just need to radically reorganize the
               | economy and then no one will go hungry!". more analysis
               | is needed.
        
               | criticaljudge wrote:
               | Sustainable resources? Food production relies heavily on
               | fossil fuels, for example. But I suspect the same people
               | who make that claim you make also make the claim that it
               | would be easy to solve the climate crisis, we'd just have
               | to act more sensibly.
        
             | quietbritishjim wrote:
             | I think the ones you are thinking of are those that
             | specifically called out as being made as a child or only
             | just out of childhood. Yes people who work hard in school
             | or university should be rewarded (both in principle and
             | because, as a practical matter, they make a financially
             | greater contribution to society). But the converse to that
             | doesn't _fully_ hold: people that make bad decisions as a
             | child should still be given a chance to redeem themselves,
             | somehow, later in life.
        
             | jasonlotito wrote:
             | 3 of the 5 factors you list boil down to being able to make
             | the right decision because of outside factors. In this
             | case, the aunt. Without that single person, I imagine
             | things might have been different.
             | 
             | > The government can not and should not lift people out of
             | poverty if those people refuse to work to better
             | themselves.
             | 
             | 3 of those 5 factors began with "As a youth..."
             | 
             | The government can and should help the youth lift
             | themselves out of poverty regardless of the situations of
             | their parents or other situations. They lack many rights
             | that adults have, and in exchange for that, they deserve
             | better support then demanding children should simply "work
             | to better themselves."
        
             | heurist wrote:
             | You'd throw impoverished and depressed people under the bus
             | because they can't muster the energy to "better"
             | themselves?
        
               | EvilEy3 wrote:
               | Why is it "throw under the bus" or help them?
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | The way I see it is that we should optimize less for the
             | theory of pure agency. It's like the Polgar sisters -
             | bootstrapping with structure yields benefits.
             | 
             | So it's less about "refuse to work to better themselves"
             | and more about correctly placing incentives on the growth
             | path for individuals so that they become the kind of people
             | who want to "better themselves".
             | 
             | Of course there are those who, provided any amount of
             | support, will not become productive individuals and it
             | makes sense to continuously evaluate for growth.
             | 
             | But it is beneficial to society and to each participant to
             | offer a minimum childhood to adulthood transition
             | experience that optimizes for productive adults.
             | 
             | Of course, this is usually only important for the poor
             | because most wealthier people are better at bringing up
             | children.
        
             | varjag wrote:
             | I think the point is, with a middle-class (let alone
             | wealthy) background few of those poor decisions in the
             | youth spiral out into lifetime handicaps.
        
             | nemothekid wrote:
             | > _" OP made good decisions and worked hard"_
             | 
             | On a national or even global scale I try to avoid
             | generalizations like this because trivially they don't lead
             | to good policy outcomes. It's almost a little like stock
             | picking. If 5/100 hedge funds make a positive return over
             | the year, my first thought isn't "the other 95 refused to
             | work to better themselves".
             | 
             | It's easy to understand this with hedge funds, but people
             | commonly make this mistake when talking about human beings.
             | You wouldn't be taken seriously if you said those hedge
             | funds lost money because "they refused to work hard". I
             | feel most people are the same way - I don't think any
             | rational actor refuses to better themselves, rather it is a
             | fallacy we tell ourselves to explain why things the way
             | they are. I've seen plenty of "hard working" people
             | relegated to poverty because their kid got sick.
             | 
             | Finally, the best solution is not to focus on individual
             | funds, but on the index. Providing a better baseline for
             | _all_ companies leads to a better overall index and having
             | a strong economy involves having a section of it the
             | "wastes" a lot of money investing in the in the future.
        
               | playingchanges wrote:
               | I like your analogy but I'm not sure it's perfect. In the
               | finance world I don't think anyone would presume to say
               | more work === more success. There is a talent component
               | that is not perfectly replicable across hedge funds. BUT
               | in real life more work very often does equal more success
               | because so many careers really do not require a high
               | level of 'talent'.
        
               | nemothekid wrote:
               | Your counter argument seems to imply that people who work
               | in finance don't share the same reality as the rest of
               | us. I think that plays into a fundamental human error;
               | for some reason when looking at individual industries we
               | can see that the people can put in more or less the same
               | amount of effort and get different results, but on a
               | national scale we attribute effort much more highly, to
               | the point we call losers lazy.
               | 
               | To be clear I'm not saying there isn't a level of
               | difference in talent or work ethic; what I'm arguing is
               | that viewing the world that way makes for terrible
               | government policy. When someone says something like
               | "welfare makes people lazy", they are making the mistake
               | you are. Somehow the imaginary "real life work" is
               | directly correlated with effort, but _actual_ finance
               | jobs are not.
        
               | lostcolony wrote:
               | Certainly, ingredients such as hard work and talent help
               | make success more likely.
               | 
               | There are successful companies and products that don't
               | seem to have a lot of either behind them beyond the
               | initial work to find a successful niche, that they've
               | leveraged to great success. And companies and projects
               | have failed despite having both of those because of
               | circumstances outside of their control.
               | 
               | Just like people, companies are products of their
               | environment. Why -doesn't- someone work hard? Or make the
               | right choices? Because either of their environment, what
               | they've learned, or because of who they were born as.
               | Neither of those is under their control. And even if they
               | do, and it doesn't pan out, why didn't it pan out? Again,
               | factors outside of their control.
        
               | andi999 wrote:
               | Actually for most funds it is the hindsight component.
               | Your bank sets up 20 funds, and then after two years
               | promotes the ones which performed well.
        
               | dionidium wrote:
               | This is a good framing for thinking about policy, but if
               | you were _talking to an individual company_ that seemed
               | not to be working hard or executing on their goals, then
               | you would give them all the standard advice about
               | correcting that behavior.
               | 
               | This difference between individual advice and group-level
               | policymaking (mentioned elsewhere in this thread by
               | chmod600) accounts for a lot of talking past one another
               | in political debates. They are two totally separate
               | levels of analysis.
        
               | lostcolony wrote:
               | Thank you for this analogy.
               | 
               | Because...yes. So much yes. Even had this person engaged
               | in crime ('to feed his family!'), but still come out of
               | it on top, we'd be saying "see? Even with those slip ups,
               | he did the right thing most of the time and came out on
               | top", but then we turn around and three strikes, lock
               | someone else up for decades. And we don't know the people
               | who failed, despite doing everything 'right', who died
               | homeless and malnourished.
        
               | nostrademons wrote:
               | Judging from the folks I know in the finance industry,
               | _they_ would probably say  'those hedge funds lost money
               | because "they refused to work hard"'. Bloomberg built a
               | massive business off the idea that finance professionals
               | need to be constantly informed about everything that goes
               | on in the markets or else they'll be one of the losers.
               | 
               | Perhaps there are some fund managers out there that are
               | just like "Yep, it's a rigged system, I'm going to be the
               | one getting rich off rigging it", but I haven't met one
               | personally yet.
        
             | charlesu wrote:
             | > The government can not and should not lift people out of
             | poverty if those people refuse to work to better
             | themselves.
             | 
             | At some point automation will leave us in a place where
             | many, if not most, people's labor is literally worthless
             | because they're not mechanics or engineers. Then what?
             | Should those people starve even as we live in a time of
             | abundance instead of scarcity? At what point does this
             | concept of deservedness do more harm than good?
        
             | nindalf wrote:
             | > 3 of the 5 factors you list boil down to "OP made good
             | decisions and worked hard"
             | 
             | One of those "decisions" was avoiding prison. OP says
             | people call him privileged, so he probably didn't belong to
             | a race that is jailed disproportionately for crimes that
             | white people are let off for.
        
             | whack wrote:
             | There's an extra layer of nuance missing in your reply. 3
             | of the 5 factors boil down to "op made good decisions and
             | worked hard" AS A TEENAGER. OP's formula won't work for a
             | 30-year old who is trying to work equally hard and making
             | equally good decisions... if they are saddled with poor
             | educational qualifications, kids to take care of, and/or a
             | criminal history. At which point, we as a society are faced
             | with 2 options:
             | 
             | 1. We can tell them it's their own fault for not making
             | great decisions when they were teenagers, and therefore,
             | they deserve to remain stuck in a poverty trap for the rest
             | of their lives
             | 
             | 2. Or, we can acknowledge that they are now in a situation
             | where hard work alone is unlikely to solve their problems.
             | And we can provide them with the tools they need to help
             | themselves, and also become more valuable assets to
             | society. For example, subsidized/free college or job
             | training. Free/subsidized childcare. Safe living
             | environments. Better access to healthcare. Better public
             | transit so they can actually get to work. Etc
        
             | lc9er wrote:
             | > The government can not and should not lift people out of
             | poverty if those people refuse to work to better themselves
             | 
             | Who do you think wakes up and thinks, "I love poverty. This
             | life is so easy"?
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | Lots of people wake up and never evaluate their life at
               | all. People win the lottery and end up homeless with a
               | drug addiction. If millions of dollars can't help them,
               | do you think the government should keep writing those
               | people checks?
        
               | thebradbain wrote:
               | This is a strawman argument, because this is in no way
               | representative of the many people who live in poverty,
               | but I'll address it because it doesn't change my final
               | opinion:
               | 
               | Yes, because obviously what someone who won (and lost)
               | millions of dollars needs is not money, but help and
               | support.
               | 
               | Not to mention, by the construction of your own strawman,
               | if they've won such a jackpot they've probably also then
               | paid millions in taxes.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | I don't see how this is a strawman. My argument is an
               | existence proof. There exists people who cannot be lifted
               | out of poverty by giving them money. I can trivially
               | prove my claim by giving examples of such people[1]. I
               | never claimed that all or most people are like this. But
               | its undeniable that some people are simply irresponsible
               | / lazy.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2016/08/15/5-million-
               | lotto-...
        
             | ska wrote:
             | > of hard work and good judgement.
             | 
             | The common mistake here, which I think you mostly avoided
             | but didn't make explicit, is to believe that if someone
             | didn't make it they didn't work hard or have good judgment.
             | 
             | It's also problematic how little good judgment we require
             | of young people coming from most backgrounds, compared to
             | underprivileged ones. There is also a common and mostly
             | false trope that many/most poor people are lazy and that is
             | why they are poor. The truth is at minimum more nuanced
             | than that.
        
         | gexla wrote:
         | Interested to hear your thoughts about the thread about living
         | in a van which hit the front page the other day.
        
         | diob wrote:
         | Depending on where you live, you're right to live in fear. In
         | the USA, you're probably one medical emergency (cancer?) away
         | from bankruptcy.
         | 
         | I'm glad you got out, but hard work is no guarantee. A lot in
         | this world is luck and connections.
         | 
         | "I made it and you can too" should be "I made it, but lots of
         | others don't. If you work hard, you might, but don't be
         | discouraged if you don't. It's possible to do all the right
         | things and not make it out. If you make it out, give back to
         | those who are in similar situations, and try to improve the
         | pathway out of the darkness."
        
         | SN76477 wrote:
         | Thank you for your story I can relate. I grew up with out
         | enough, and now I am terrified of spending money.
        
         | wonderwonder wrote:
         | I got to experience wealth and poverty growing up,
         | unfortunately in that order. Parents were pretty wealthy and
         | then we moved to the US at 13 and had to leave everything
         | behind. Going from a house with pool, BMW's etc to food stamps,
         | constant threat of foreclosure and no health insurance is
         | pretty jarring. I was way better off than many others though.
         | Far better off than OP's start. Worst part of being poor or
         | being raised by those that are poor due to both circumstances
         | and bad choices is that you dont learn to make sane financial
         | decisions. I was never taught how to balance a check book or to
         | live within my means and that lack of both education and
         | discipline has haunted me my whole life. Reached a point where
         | I make over 200k now and finally the surplus of funds have been
         | a wakeup call that 'Hey, you can save and you can eventually
         | retire if you just wake up and stop spending like you're going
         | to die tomorrow'. Another vital lesson is to focus on the long
         | run instead of trying to hit a home run with every investment.
         | 
         | Financial literacy should be the a 4 year highschool class. Not
         | being fluent is a detriment to millions.
        
         | krmmalik wrote:
         | Have you considered trauma release (there are many different
         | ways you can do this) in order to get over your fear of being
         | poor?
         | 
         | From the way you're speaking (for want of a better phrase), it
         | sounds like the poverty experience traumatised you, and you're
         | re-living your trauma each day.
        
           | nomel wrote:
           | I can relate very closely with grandparent. For me, I don't
           | consider it "traumatizing" as much as "moderating" from a
           | very clear perspective of how well I have it now, how rare
           | that actually is, and how much ridiculous excess most people
           | are comfortable with.
        
         | allarm wrote:
         | I think if we just replace "privileged" with "lucky" it would
         | greatly improve the overall tone of the message for many,
         | myself included. I.e. "I was lucky enough to be born in a
         | family of engineers" sounds much better than "privileged" in
         | this context.
        
         | devwastaken wrote:
         | If it were as easy now as getting paid to go to college and get
         | a decent job it wouldn't be so bad - but prices have increased
         | exponentially due to that federal aid. Instructor quality has
         | significantly decreased, and administrative bloat has
         | skyrocketed (these people can't get Jobs in the private sector
         | either and government money is free). Jobs in technical fields
         | are not in demand in the manner higher education advertises. As
         | I've said before here I still have friends with bachelor CS
         | degrees turned down from entry positions because the majority
         | of companies are experience siphoners. There's entire youtube
         | channels exampling the level of exploit companies can do
         | because CS grads don't have the choice.
         | 
         | Sure, overcoming poverty is possible, but it's a shifting scale
         | over time thats heading in much worse directions due to
         | inflation in basic living costs and companies and individuals
         | breaking the ladder that got them on the surface.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | Ive never been truly impoverished. The nearest I ever got was
         | living off the minimum student allowance back in the 80s.
         | 
         | On the edge of solvency it takes so little for things to go
         | badly wrong, even if your scrupulously careful. On the other
         | hand, it's the ability to make effective use of financing
         | options and to leverage even modest wealth or income through
         | mortgages and such that enables a lot of middle class families
         | to prosper as much as they do.
        
         | syops wrote:
         | I very much enjoyed reading your post. You made a statement
         | that, taken literally, I disagree with and wonder if you care
         | to elaborate more on it.
         | 
         |  _I made it and you can too._
         | 
         | It seems to me that luck plays a huge role in each success
         | story like yours. My wife had a similar trajectory and makes
         | quite a bit of money. However, along the way, there were
         | hundreds of decisions made that could have gone the wrong way.
         | She's smart and ambitious and quite lucky.
        
           | EvilEy3 wrote:
           | Luck is opportunity + skills. It is not some arcane skill
           | that you're born with or not.
        
           | grumple wrote:
           | I have a similar story and luck played no part of it. I spent
           | lots of time in public libraries and on public computers as a
           | kid. As a result, I got an academic scholarship. A few years
           | after graduating amidst the 2008 economic crisis, I heard
           | about a company that used a particular programming language.
           | I learned that language and convinced someone I knew at the
           | company to get me an interview. I aced the interview and got
           | the job. A lot of studying and a couple of job interviews
           | later and I'm making good money at another company.
           | 
           | If you study the right things, you'll get "lucky" in
           | interviews because the more problems you've seen in the
           | domain, the more likely you are to be tested against the
           | knowledge you've already acquired. But that's clearly not
           | luck - it's preparation. You won't ace every interview, but
           | you'll do well in enough.
           | 
           | I made the wrong decisions several times. I lacked focus in
           | and after university that cost me several years in my
           | twenties. As soon as I made a plan to change things, the plan
           | worked. When a plan goes wrong, you evaluate and make a new
           | plan. Every idea doesn't always work - you just need one that
           | does.
        
             | nitrogen wrote:
             | _someone I knew at the company_
             | 
             | Sounds fortunate. This is one aspect where I too have been
             | "lucky" in the past, but you have to be both lucky and
             | good.
        
               | grumple wrote:
               | I think the key is looking at the opportunities that you
               | have, whatever they may be, and putting in the work to
               | take advantage of them. I have hundreds of friends who
               | are relatively poor and who have many opportunities they
               | don't take. For example, I've offered to give free
               | guidance or instruction to many, but it turns out most
               | people don't want to take advantage of that. I told
               | people I could hire them (into the very same role I first
               | had), but they didn't recognize the opportunity. People
               | want easy, so they ignore opportunities like this in
               | their lives.
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | Definitely agree that it's frustrating to offer to teach
               | someone to code or something, and they act like "Who the
               | F are you to think you can teach me?" or "Nah, seems
               | boring" but then they turn around and resent you for your
               | success.
               | 
               | Some of the advice I wish friends would take is this:
               | accept help wherever you can get it, as long as it won't
               | distort your relationship or create an untenable
               | dependency.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | I didn't have it as hard as the parent, but I remember
           | choosing between bus fare and meals quite a few times. My
           | first paycheck was spent on white bread and a tube of
           | sausage, and now I live a pretty comfortable life.
           | 
           | Most everyone in my orbit has improved their situation too.
           | Sometimes that was with help from a family member, but
           | generally things have gotten better for friends who were in
           | the same circumstances I was.
           | 
           | The two exceptions are those who got into drugs and never got
           | out (a few folks I know seemed to never have issues, but
           | they're the exception and not the rule) and a single friend
           | who has some non-drug problems that probably need counseling
           | work.
        
             | andromeduck wrote:
             | This is my experience too - almost everyone who hung out
             | with me in the library, computer lab or metal shop seemed
             | to do fairly well for themselves - not like 200k tech job
             | well but like 80k blue collar or white collar when most of
             | us grew up with less than 40k combined household income.
             | Half of us first or second generation immigrants and
             | refugees, lots of broken families, lots of substance abuse,
             | lots from Romania, Serbia, Irab, Iraq, China.
             | 
             | IMO it was passion for reading and building things with our
             | hands that that seperated our cohort from the rest - that
             | and the bond between those of us who knew we hadn't much of
             | a safety net to rely on.
        
               | cammikebrown wrote:
               | I'm not sure of your age, but for instance, my dad, the
               | sole breadwinner at the time, made $40k/year in 1989 when
               | I was born, which is equivalent to $84k today. So, making
               | $80k now and being raised on $40k/year then are the same
               | thing if you adjust for inflation. (Furthermore, I'd
               | argue healthcare, college, and housing are much more
               | expensive now than they were then.)
        
               | andromeduck wrote:
               | I'm 28 now so this was about a decae ago. I personally
               | never expected to make much more than 50k out of college,
               | 100k by 35 career wise until my first internship. I think
               | I can still live quite happily with ~60k by myself or
               | ~90k with a loving family.
               | 
               | Good books and good company were all I had and all I
               | think I'll ever need - that and the satisfaction of a job
               | well done be it a piece of code well written, a field
               | well groomed and raked or a McDonalds well wiped and
               | scrubbed.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | sologoub wrote:
           | As someone who has experienced pretty rough times (different
           | from the OP), but doing just fine myself, of course luck has
           | a lot to do with it, but why in the world so many people feel
           | so compelled to belittle the accomplishment of OP climbing
           | out and then encouraging others to at least hope for the
           | same?
           | 
           | I'm pretty sure things would be very different today if I
           | didn't have that hope. Don't take the hope from people even
           | if it's a long shot.
           | 
           | For all those reading this who are in a bad place financially
           | or otherwise - YOU CAN DO IT! Do not listen to nay sayers and
           | just do your best (or better yet, do even better - you can
           | never really know your own limits/potential unless you try).
           | It's not a done deal, but is better than the alternative.
        
             | dahfizz wrote:
             | > why in the world so many people feel so compelled to
             | belittle the accomplishment of OP climbing out and then
             | encouraging others to at least hope for the same?
             | 
             | It is very sad if you ask me. Some people hold the
             | worldview that becoming poor and staying poor are things
             | entirely outside of one's own control. Success stories
             | threaten that worldview, so people admonish those who "made
             | it" and remind them that they are nothing but lucky.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | birdyrooster wrote:
             | He said poverty doesn't have a color implying that black
             | people aren't impoverished because of systemic racism, but
             | because they don't work hard enough. It's racist drivel.
        
               | camelite wrote:
               | An interesting social science result is that one (in my
               | mind, the primary) result of wokeness is deminished
               | empathy for impoverished whites. I took ops comment to
               | mean "hey, don't disregard my struggle because i happen
               | not to be black", rather than seeing, as you apparently
               | have, "racist drivel". A point I'm sure has been made a
               | million times, and which you are no doubt impervious to,
               | but one that remains valid nonetheless.
        
               | EvilEy3 wrote:
               | What does this have to do with black?
        
               | pmiller2 wrote:
               | Keep in mind, you're referring to a comment on a message
               | board that took _maybe_ 30 minutes to write, and likely
               | less, not an op-ed in the NYT. Read more charitably, and
               | in context,  "poverty doesn't have a color" sounds more
               | like "people of any race can end up poor."
        
             | solidasparagus wrote:
             | If you read "you can do it" as encouragement to others in
             | the same situation, it's a good thing. When you read it as
             | a justification for why we shouldn't expand the social net,
             | it's pretty terrible. No one is trying to belittle OP's
             | accomplishments, but "I did it and you can too" sounds like
             | a line from an anti-welfare politician so it shouldn't be
             | surprising that many people take issue with it.
        
               | sologoub wrote:
               | OPs context does not touch on safety nets at all, so
               | where are you getting this from?
               | 
               | Seems like such thinking is a symptom of our current
               | political BS. Having experienced some pretty crappy
               | times, would you honestly think I'd oppose NOT subjecting
               | others to the same misery?! Of course not, no one should
               | experience these and everyone deserves basic dignity.
        
               | solidasparagus wrote:
               | It's just the social context in the US right now and for
               | better or worse, this is often a very US-centric forum.
               | "I pulled myself up by my bootstraps and you can too" is
               | very strongly associated with the political view that
               | people should receive minimal/no help from the
               | government. It's a talking point by that side and one
               | that is heavily parodied/mocked by the other side. You
               | can't use a phrase like that without many people seeing a
               | connection - as seen in this comment section.
        
               | sologoub wrote:
               | That's a very unfortunate and cruel situation.
               | 
               | For what it's worth, I don't actually know of an
               | implemented system that is sufficient in
               | preventing/mitigating enough of the poverty. (EDIT: if we
               | had basic income, that would probably do it, without
               | means testing/etc) US situation is unbelievable in that
               | regard - not only do we not have a safety net to speak
               | of, our medical care system is a fast track to poverty
               | and bankruptcy.
        
               | pmiller2 wrote:
               | Agreed. "It can be done" would be a more appropriate
               | phrasing, IMO. I dug myself out of worse circumstances
               | than OP described, but it took a lot of luck,
               | persistence, and a good amount of risk taking to get
               | there. I guess it helped that I was at a point where I
               | didn't have much to lose, so, risk taking seemed less
               | risky than staying where I was.
        
               | syops wrote:
               | Thanks for that distinction. This is the right framing
               | and clarifies things for me.
        
             | nameequalsmain wrote:
             | I don't think the point is to belittle their
             | accomplishments, but rather a realistic take on poverty. A
             | lot of people try really hard, and still cannot get out of
             | poverty.
             | 
             | This is something we as a society need to deal with, and
             | not disregard a systematic problem with anecdotal success
             | stories and saying "You can too!"
        
           | YinglingLight wrote:
           | _It seems to me that luck plays a huge role_
           | 
           | The concept of Talent Stacking:
           | https://personalexcellence.co/blog/talent-stack/
           | 
           | Those who accrue and leverage a variety of skills tend to get
           | 'lucky'. This is why you could strip most entrepreneurs of
           | all their money and assets, and not be surprised to see them
           | enjoying success in 5 years. You put into place a system that
           | makes making the right decisions inevitable, and learning
           | from the wrong decisions.
           | 
           | To believe that your success is out of your hands is
           | incredibly disempowering. I understand it's primary function
           | is to help you empathize with others, but it subconsciously
           | has a hold on you. A very limiting belief, I'd 'yeet' it
           | immediately.
        
             | atty wrote:
             | Your idea isn't backed up by statistics. The vast majority
             | of successful entrepreneurs come from upper-middle class or
             | richer families. If it was just about "building a talent
             | stack", then the distribution would be relatively flat
             | across all family income distributions. You also missed the
             | part in the article that described how hard it is as a poor
             | person to just find the time and resources necessary to
             | learn those skills.
             | 
             | Of course you need to put the work in, but the deck is
             | stacked in your favor if your family is very well off (and
             | frankly you need to do far less work, due to nepotism and
             | everything else), and massively stacked against you if you
             | come from a poor family.
        
               | abfan1127 wrote:
               | do you have data on this? Are you talking about tech
               | entrepreneurs? My understanding is many self made
               | millionaires come from the trades (plumbing,
               | electricians) starting their own company. I can't find my
               | source, thats why I'm interested in your source.
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | there is the similar distribution of self starters in all
               | areas of society, there is a survivorship bias towards
               | upper middle class and upper class people because they
               | get to try again over and over and over again. whereas
               | someone that "makes it out" has pretty much one chance or
               | else they have to pay off all the debt they accrued
               | financially or to society for the next 10 years (or
               | more). let alone if they get a little lonely and create
               | obligations.
        
             | scsilver wrote:
             | Remove them from their network and see what happens.
        
               | pbronez wrote:
               | Sure, but social capital is an asset you build like
               | anything else. Remove a big chunk of anyone's wealth -
               | liquid, paper, social, health - and it's gonna be painful
               | and disruptive.
               | 
               | The point isn't that they'd be poor if you took away what
               | they built... it's that they succeed in building it in
               | the first place! That process of building wealth in all
               | its forms is the key.
               | 
               | It's not easy. It's definitely not fair. Some people
               | start out way ahead. Some people start out way behind and
               | don't even have role models to show how it's done. It
               | always takes time. My view is that you just have to
               | accept people where they are, respect their efforts,
               | politely look past their structural (dis)advantages, and
               | deal with them as human beings who deserve love and
               | support for their own sake.
        
               | scsilver wrote:
               | What I find sad is that there is a bunch of low hanging
               | investments that improve the "luck" probabilities for all
               | people. Well designed built environments, access to
               | power/refridgeration/medicine, access to information.
               | Obviously there are political barriers to achieving these
               | small investments, but the most successful societies will
               | these basics into existence, and the groups overall
               | quality of life is higher.
               | 
               | I find the developments of cheap solar power + low
               | latency satlite internet + digital banking(access to
               | stable currencies + inflation hedges + global
               | transactions) as essential to deliver the services that
               | the most successful and privileged have used, to the
               | poverty stricken around the world.
               | 
               | As these people join the fold, do we prepare them
               | documentation, do nothing, or set up roadblocks?
        
               | pnutjam wrote:
               | I think a big part of it is also the moral choices people
               | are willing to make. Most people climb to success because
               | they are incredibly talented (rare), incredibly lucky
               | (nobody likes to admit it), or because it's always bowb
               | your buddy week to them.
               | 
               | Sometimes they are able to do a minor hurt to a vast
               | number of people (marketing, some sales, etc...) and they
               | don't feel like they are doing anything wrong. Sometimes
               | they are just conforming to the standards our society has
               | set, (everybody is doing it).
               | 
               | I myself try to do the best, but I've discovered the only
               | way to advance is to job hop my way to a decent salary.
               | I'm sure this has caused problems for others, but it's
               | accepted in this industry. I've seen others who won't job
               | hop languish with much lower salaries.
        
               | EvilEy3 wrote:
               | Why not go further? Remove their arm, leg, eye. Put them
               | at most disadvantage. See if they can succeed!
        
           | beaner wrote:
           | If it came down to hundreds of decisions along the way, not
           | just one or two, that isn't luck. She's a good decision
           | maker.
        
             | craftinator wrote:
             | Bad decisions can have good outcomes. People are
             | notoriously bad at predicting the future, so really it
             | depends on how often you get lucky. I think charisma has
             | the greatest effect on this.
        
               | EvilEy3 wrote:
               | I would argue if bad decision leads to better outcome
               | then it is a good decision.
        
               | beaner wrote:
               | This is what people who make bad decisions tell
               | themselves.
        
           | chunkyfunky wrote:
           | As someone who came from a fairly poor background (not half
           | as as bad as the OP to be fair) and who has managed to "break
           | out" I can say for sure that looking back I had a ton of
           | lucky breaks - but, and this to me is crucial, only _after_ I
           | stopped worrying about what might go wrong and focus on what
           | I could do right. If I had predicated my success on somehow
           | getting lucky I don 't think I would have made it.
           | 
           | So to me - and not wanting to speak for the OP of course -
           | but the way I look at this is that the simple encouragement
           | of "I made it and you can too" is more motivating than "I
           | made it but then again looking back I had a ton of lucky
           | coincidences that you probably won't have so, sure, try it,
           | but don't expect success" :)
        
             | wwweston wrote:
             | Thanks for articulating this. I'd already wondered why I
             | both like and dislike "I made it and you can too" and you
             | captured it.
             | 
             | It's good for motivation and ... less good for social
             | policy.
        
           | jinjin2 wrote:
           | > along the way, there were hundreds of decisions made that
           | could have gone the wrong way.
           | 
           | And probably and equal amount of decisions that could have
           | turned out better.
           | 
           | So rather than being the result of one or two lucky or
           | unlucky events, the final outcome is more likely to be the
           | average of the quality of all the decisions over time.
        
             | clairity wrote:
             | no, it depends on the shape of the modeling function, and
             | sociobiological functions are highly complex, possibly
             | unknowable, but certainly not a simple linear function
             | around which decisions revert to the same mean.
             | 
             | for instance, consider success to be a knowable function
             | (like y = a _x^2 + b_ x + c ). luck would be like having
             | high (initial) coefficients and constants through no effort
             | of your own (e.g., being born into a wealthy, connected
             | family). hard work and good decisions might allow you to
             | increase (or decrease through neglect/bad decisions) these
             | coefficients at the margin, but the relative advantage
             | often remains many multiples of the disadvantaged.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | The important part is to focus on the things you can control.
           | Luck always plays a role, but your own actions decide how
           | prepared you are to capitalize on lucky breaks when they
           | arrive.
           | 
           | Luck is important, but it's a mistake to try to attribute the
           | success of others purely to luck. Someone winning the lottery
           | is lucky. Someone who gets hired because a company noticed
           | their quality GitHub commits to a project relevant to their
           | needs is also lucky, but their success isn't the result of
           | luck alone.
        
             | andromeduck wrote:
             | Yeah there's also thousands of potential opportunities like
             | that over course of years, each with the potential to open
             | new doors. One lucky break does not success make and a
             | lucky break without the talent or drive to back it quickly
             | collapses.
        
           | estaseuropano wrote:
           | Probably nearly everyone can make it. Even the Pakistani kid
           | born into intergenerational debt slavery that means he is
           | making bricks from when he's 5 years old and has no access to
           | school, healthcare or balanced nutrition. It's a difference
           | of a 50% chance for the luckiest to 0.00005% chance for the
           | least lucky.
           | 
           | But to see the world through the lens 'everyone van make it,
           | just put effort and stop worrying' is simply absurd.
        
           | dionidium wrote:
           | Of course luck plays a factor in everything everybody does.
           | The question isn't whether luck plays a role; it's how much
           | salience it deserves. This person made hundreds of good
           | choices across decades to achieve the success they have, so
           | it seems a bit perverse to focus instead on the hundreds of
           | things outside their control.
        
             | jschwartzi wrote:
             | luck is just another word for other people.
        
             | II2II wrote:
             | Luck was not mentioned to diminish what the person has
             | accomplished. It was intended to point out that their story
             | may be difficult to replicate.
        
               | dionidium wrote:
               | I think this is backwards and the opening lines of Anna
               | Karenina get it right. It's "bad luck" that you should
               | look out for, but every (moderate [0]) success story
               | sounds more or less the same. (Said yet another way,
               | success isn't the result of good luck, but it does
               | require the avoidance of bad luck.)
               | 
               | [0] _We 're talking about routine success here, not Elon
               | Musk. We're talking about avoiding poverty, not going to
               | Mars._
        
               | andi999 wrote:
               | I also goes the other way. I see people making bad
               | decisions which might lead to poverty.
        
               | old_fart_dev wrote:
               | Re-read the objected to line:
               | 
               | "I made it and you _can_ too. "
               | 
               | Note that I emphasized "can" in that quote. "Can", not
               | "will". This isn't a guarantee by throwaway-0987, it's
               | words of encouragement to try.
               | 
               | On a forum that celebrates startup moonshots, I find it
               | odd that anyone would piss on the idea that trying is
               | worth while.
        
               | KittenInABox wrote:
               | I genuinely don't know if even "can" is applicable to
               | allpoor people in this context. A person who has a
               | similar background but ended up with a chronic illness
               | preventing them from working... that dream of working for
               | 200k/yr is impossible.
        
               | tobib wrote:
               | We're not even talking about "that dream of working for
               | 200k/yr" but the dream of living a decent life
        
               | old_fart_dev wrote:
               | Do you watch Tasty videos on Facebook with their two
               | hands and three ingredients and four steps and think
               | "What useless advice - what about people with no hands!
               | How dare suggest they can make bakeless chocolate
               | brownies!"
               | 
               | I think the "can" is applicable here and can think that
               | even while acknowledging there are people who can't
               | physically work. I don't want to put words in your mouth,
               | so I'll ask: is this the only reason you object to using
               | the word "can"? What would be more accurate in your view?
        
           | jbluepolarbear wrote:
           | I think it's not so much luck, but perseverance. I have a
           | similar poor upbringing and I have built a pretty comfortable
           | life by never letting myself get too down and always keep
           | working towards a better life. Being smart helps, but really
           | the best thing that works for me is being okay with failure.
           | When you're poor you fail a lot, being able to take that
           | failure and learn from it separates the successful and the
           | unsuccessful. If you're rich none of this matters because
           | life isn't fair.
        
             | newswasboring wrote:
             | See you are disregarding all the luck a person had while
             | being born in the right side of the world. I would say
             | being born in the first world, even if poor, is a huge
             | privilege which large parts of the world can't get. You win
             | that lottery, and you already have a huge leg up. Now I
             | don't want to convert this thread into misery olympics, all
             | sadness is valid if felt genuinely and just because you are
             | privilege in one sense doesn't mean your life is not
             | incredibly hard. But if you think the large amounts of
             | generationally poor, even in the first world, lack
             | perseverance then you don't understand the game.
        
               | jbluepolarbear wrote:
               | I can only pull from my experiences, but I have witnessed
               | many in my family and other poor families that only work
               | hard enough to get what they need. And very few go beyond
               | that and work for what they want. It's hard, exhausting
               | work. I regularly slept less than 4 hours because I'd be
               | up all night working jobs, projects, anything to get a
               | better life. My mom is mixed and my dad is white, I look
               | like my mom but with really light skin. Being mostly
               | white and not having my moms Arabic name helped get
               | interviews and my foot in the door. What some see as luck
               | is others using absolutely every advantage they can
               | muster to go further than they would be able to
               | otherwise.
        
               | andi999 wrote:
               | Actually most of the third world has been progressing as
               | well (with exceptions of course)
        
           | kungito wrote:
           | I think this issue is very important and when I think about
           | it I cannot help but think the answer lies all the way down
           | in the question whether we have free will. Some people say
           | "you have to be perseverant like me and you will make it and
           | often time we think about people who have simply cannot be
           | perseverant enough but they are good people. Can they be
           | better "if they wanted it more" or "if someone helped them"
           | and who would that person be? People especially here have
           | stories with "I was in a bad situation but I worked hard
           | learning coding" while many people were in a similar
           | situation but didn't pick up coding as these people did. Are
           | they to blame and did the other people pick coding because
           | they knew it would launch them to great heights?
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | > Are they to blame
             | 
             | I think we've become so afraid of giving the impression of
             | victim-blaming people who are down on their luck that we're
             | afraid to acknowledge that people can and do work their way
             | into better life circumstances.
             | 
             | Even if we think of luck as the central determinant of a
             | person's success in life, then we still have to acknowledge
             | that the person's own choices and actions will pivot their
             | destiny around that luck. Licking in to a dream job through
             | connections and serendipity doesn't go very far if someone
             | decides not to put in the effort required to succeed at the
             | job, for example.
        
               | craftinator wrote:
               | > if someone decides not to put in the effort required to
               | succeed at the job
               | 
               | I read this rhetoric constantly, then I look at a bunch
               | of hard working people that I know, who are poor.
               | 
               | Luck is the opportunity to succeed, hard work is the way
               | to capitalize on that opportunity. One without the other
               | means no success. And on that same note, you can make
               | "good decision" that cause you to miss out on amazing
               | opportunities, and "bad decisions" that end you up in
               | with great opportunities.
               | 
               | I've made plenty of decisions that I thought at the time
               | were kinda dumb, but put me in serendipitous situations
               | which ended up landing me great jobs. So really, the
               | luckier you are, the more chances you'll have to escape
               | poverty; if you're willing to work hard at those critical
               | times, you'll actually succeed.
        
               | kungito wrote:
               | Maybe where you are from but here in eastern Europe you
               | can get a cushy job and work at 20% of effort and live an
               | upper middle class life just from 1 good connection. Then
               | you can work you ass off in college but in the wrong
               | industry where there are no "well paid jobs for hard
               | working people" around where you are and live a barely
               | middle class life. The sad part is people do succeed from
               | here by working hard but byoving away to where the job
               | is, often half a world away, leaving behind everything,
               | friends, family. Did they work hard and "succeed"? Yes,
               | but at what cost. Meanwhile lucky people were born at the
               | right time in the right family. We should both equalize
               | the starting positions and especially make sure your
               | lowest low still gives you medical insourance, a place to
               | stay and food to eat. At least it's laughable how many
               | people in USA don't have proper health care
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | busterarm wrote:
         | Fellow former-poor here. It's the kind of thing that casts a
         | shadow over your whole life.
         | 
         | And in this industry, nobody is comfortable talking about it.
         | Most of the people I work with graduated from school as
         | guaranteed millionaires. I hear things get said by people that
         | are so far from the orbit of my reality and I cringe.
         | 
         | Reading the article was really eye opening for me because I
         | hadn't thought of all of the life skills that I've picked up
         | simply as a result of being poor. It even affects how I think
         | about my new-found wealth. I spend an enormous amount of money
         | on tools and equipment. I'm the one helping all of my friends
         | build, move or fix things.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | >And in this industry, nobody is comfortable talking about
           | it.
           | 
           | If you make the assumption that HN is vaguely representative
           | of the software industry and then looking at the reception
           | that all the comments that stop short of saying "luck is the
           | primary factor of success" are getting it seems pretty
           | obvious why nobody talks about it.
        
           | ed25519FUUU wrote:
           | > _And in this industry, nobody is comfortable talking about
           | it. Most of the people I work with graduated from school as
           | guaranteed millionaires._
           | 
           | This is surprising to me. I'm also a former poor. A lot of
           | people I work with in tech come from generally "normal"
           | backgrounds. Middle to lower class (in excluding h1b and
           | green card holders). It just turned out for them that their
           | passion and hobby (computers) ended up being a great career.
           | 
           | Now things are probably different for younger generations now
           | that the secret is out about P90 software salaries.
           | 
           | Good thing I got in while they were still taking nobodies.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | Ha ha, you and me too. Grew up in a single-parent home
             | where mom was a "secretary" (remember that?).
             | 
             | I've been a blue-collar programmer (not _Software Engineer_
             | ) my entire career.
             | 
             | I think they're finally on to me though and I may have to
             | skip out soon. Code reviews, unit tests and Scrum are not
             | my thing anyway. ;-)
        
             | robotnikman wrote:
             | Maybe its just the FAANG companies that are hiring only
             | those from prestigious universities?
             | 
             | I still hope I can land a decent software engineering
             | position someday without such a degree, even if its not at
             | a FAANG company and doesnt pay as well
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | > Good thing I got in while they were still taking
             | nobodies.
             | 
             | I feel the same way! I look around at my younger peers with
             | such impressive pedigrees: Stanford, Ivy League, PhD's,
             | former founders, etc. and I think "wow, I'd never even get
             | my foot in the door if I were entering today!
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Oh I'm not much different than you and the parent either.
               | 
               | I got in before the door closed for sure. I just started
               | late so the younger ones are my peers.
        
           | robotnikman wrote:
           | As someone who also grew up in a poorer family I can relate
           | as well, both the disconnect from people in the industry I've
           | talked to and the skills I picked up growing up.
           | 
           | My dad had a bunch of tools growing up which he used to do
           | household repairs and repairs on the cars, I remember for the
           | longest time my parents driving an old station wagon with a
           | lot of duct tape holding things together or covering leaks
           | and the air conditioning not working.
           | 
           | I still try to repair things on my own if I can, while some
           | people I know just go hire someone on Handy or something to
           | fix things for them.
        
             | tasuki wrote:
             | I grew up upper middle class, our car had no air
             | conditioning, my father was doing car repairs himself. I'm
             | from Eastern Europe, a relatively wealthy country compared
             | to much of the rest of the world.
        
           | bozzcl wrote:
           | > And in this industry, nobody is comfortable talking about
           | it.
           | 
           | Man, I remember some of the business courses I took, as well
           | as the reports and presentations we did after our
           | internships. So many people's thoughts and conclusions read
           | basically as "I learned that the poor are people too". This
           | was at one of the top universities in my home country. It's
           | reasonable to expect these people would be industry leaders
           | eventually. The lack of empathy they showed was appalling.
           | 
           | All that being said, I'm glad you got through the challenges
           | in your early life. I wish we were more tolerant about
           | poorness, because sharing experiences like yours could
           | definitely teach and encourage other kids to fight for a
           | better quality of life. Having more people with your
           | experience in places of power could also help bring a little
           | more empathy to society. We need it badly.
        
           | u678u wrote:
           | > It's the kind of thing that casts a shadow over your whole
           | life.
           | 
           | Shadow really though? I'm super glad everything came through
           | my own work, I'd hate if my parents gave me anything. I hate
           | spending any money, to me that is just sensible though not a
           | problem.
        
             | sixstringtheory wrote:
             | I'm also very pleased with the results I seem to have
             | wrought myself (with help of course), but I always notice
             | that I'm a bit behind the curve compared to people getting
             | ahead in the workforce, adulting with home refinancing or
             | retirement, entering Ivy league direct from high school, or
             | in high school, the students that seemed to know which
             | classes to take, or what AP was (I took 3 while my peers
             | averaged 6-7 AP courses). Same for sports. It's not the end
             | of the world, but it's noticeable when you have parents
             | that can't help you and while I'm very capable of learning
             | all of these things on my own, and I have, I'm no match for
             | folks basically speed-leveling early in life.
             | 
             | Also wrt money, I always hated spending it, and _really_
             | hated debt /interest. Now I find myself very willing to
             | spend money on actually useful things like gear and tools,
             | lest the power of money, or my ability to earn it,
             | diminishes in the future.
        
               | robotnikman wrote:
               | >but it's noticeable when you have parents that can't
               | help you and while I'm very capable of learning all of
               | these things on my own, and I have, I'm no match for
               | folks basically speed-leveling early in life
               | 
               | I definitely feel on this one. I had to learn a lot of
               | those things on my own as well
        
               | u678u wrote:
               | Yeah I could never afford to do a Masters or PhD where
               | those people now seem to be doing extra well.
        
           | sixstringtheory wrote:
           | > I spend an enormous amount of money on tools and equipment.
           | I'm the one helping all of my friends build, move or fix
           | things.
           | 
           | I grew up lower middle class but my dad grew up poor. I think
           | a lot of his practices still rubbed off onto me, sounds a lot
           | like what you describe.
           | 
           | We have a friend who grew up comfortably and have noticed how
           | that influenced their more laissez-faire approach to life.
           | E.g. when we help them move, we do most of the work. There's
           | a sort of "everything will work out" mentality on their part,
           | whereas I'm constantly worrying about how it's all going to
           | fall apart.
           | 
           | It's not really good or bad, though. I almost envy the
           | carefree attitude. Childhood trauma tends to make people try
           | to control things more as adults, and I wish I didn't stress
           | things so much. My wife also grew up more "securely" and we
           | talk a lot about how it informs our worldview differently.
           | Thankfully it doesn't cause problems though, it's just
           | interesting. I think we're just different enough to make a
           | great team.
           | 
           | And as others mentioned, I value the life skills I gained by
           | my upbringing and early start on working for myself. I can
           | build and fix things, and cook really well. Gonna be just
           | fine, I think.
           | 
           | Happy building, busterarm!
        
         | throwaway846 wrote:
         | Similar story I'm now late 30s; father left when i was 2 died
         | of aids when I was 6
         | 
         | Mother washed dishes then was unemployed from age 12-now and we
         | bounced around her boyfriends houses
         | 
         | My metric (edit: for myself) "have you been poor" is gathering
         | extra condiments from a gas station and having mustard on bread
         | for a meal. We had food stamps, and a small social security
         | check. I always had a bed, and food, but barely and i was aware
         | how close we were as we midnight moved at least once.
         | 
         | I got my college degrees through federal grants and employer
         | sponsorship; now making north of 200k I reflect on how
         | privileged I am to get here. My mother kept me in an upper
         | middle class public school system using a po box, I'm a white
         | man who loved computers in the 90s. I ended up with a social
         | network and a background that looks upper middle class.
         | 
         | I don't subscribe to that "I made it and so can you" I see my
         | story as a I had privilege, how can we make privilege into
         | equity.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Oh wow, similar for me as well. Mom kept us in the "good
           | schools" though by renting the smallest place you could in
           | said Good School District.
           | 
           | Also, lots of weekends at public libraries.
           | 
           | (Thanks, mom!)
        
           | LocalH wrote:
           | Equity should operate just as much, if not more so, by
           | boosting people up than by cutting people down. It should
           | also favor the individual and small business over large
           | megacorporations.
           | 
           | I fear that the concept of equity presents a real possibility
           | of a race to the _bottom_ if we 're not careful to prevent a
           | Harrison Bergeron situation. That doesn't mean I think we
           | should avoid equity, just that we should be cognizant of the
           | potential pitfalls along the way to determining the exact
           | implementation.
        
             | bzbarsky wrote:
             | This is a very reasonable thing to fear. The concept of
             | "uravnilovka" in Russian exists precisely because the
             | government tried to do just that in many cases. Making
             | everyone the same (in terms of equality of outcomes) is a
             | lot easier to do by making all the outcomes bad.
             | 
             | I should note that "equity" need not mean "equality of
             | outcomes", but when pressed for how one evaluates "equity"
             | far too many proponents fall back to "equality (and
             | proportionality) of outcomes" in practice....
        
             | nostromo wrote:
             | Your fear is well-founded, that's already what is
             | happening. Boston Public Schools, for example, just
             | suspended placements in AP courses for all students out of
             | equity concerns.
             | 
             | It turns out it's much easier to achieve equity by pushing
             | people down (no more AP courses for anyone) than by lifting
             | people up (getting more black and latino students into AP
             | courses).
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | >just suspended placements in AP courses for all students
               | out of equity concerns.
               | 
               | The "ruling" class were angry that the plumbers' kids
               | weren't paying a full 4yr of dues to the state colleges
               | so now they're making it so you need to go to private
               | school if you want to get a head start at college gen-
               | eds. And they sold the idea to the masses in the name of
               | making all the animals equal.
               | 
               | I'm being cynical. More likely the people responsible
               | just don't know or care and pushing everybody down is
               | just the easiest way to appease the pro-equity crowd.
        
           | newswasboring wrote:
           | > My metric for "have you been poor" is gathering extra
           | condiments from a gas station and having mustard on bread for
           | a meal.
           | 
           | Do you really mean that or is that hyperbole? Because if you
           | really mean that, thats a bit gate keeperish, isn't it? What
           | if someone had their own mustard but dinner was still bread
           | mustard? Its a ridiculous example, I know, but so is this
           | yardstick.
        
             | throwaway846 wrote:
             | Metric for myself; not others. I can't pretend to know what
             | "line" people have in their mind that gives them anxiety
             | around money. (I'll edit for clarity)
             | 
             | It ends up being a discussion point with my wife for lots
             | of topics where I'm not picky about the quality of food
             | because it's not mustard on bread.
        
               | newswasboring wrote:
               | Oh in that case I understand your trauma. But you need to
               | understand that it is trauma and not facts of life. I am,
               | for the past few years, learning how to be happy. I
               | realized that most of my life training has been around
               | learning how to survive because that's how it is where I
               | was born. And because that's all I knew, I thought that
               | was somehow superior. Our media also tries very hard to
               | glamorize "struggling", there are no stories about how to
               | be happy because it will be laughed out of room. It will
               | be counted as either "privileged people being privileged"
               | or they will tie it to family/love as the only posed
               | answer.
               | 
               | Seriously man, I want to be happy and nobody out there
               | wants to tell me how. I am slowly discovering it for
               | myself, but I feel like this is a deficiency in our
               | media.
        
               | meepmorp wrote:
               | >Oh in that case I understand your trauma. But you need
               | to understand that it is trauma and not facts of life.
               | 
               | Thank god you now understand their trauma well enough to
               | explain how they don't comprehend reality the right way.
        
               | newswasboring wrote:
               | I did not comment upon their trauma at all. Just that I
               | think it is trauma. I have gone through my share of
               | poverty without the first world safety nets. That is what
               | I was talking about.
        
         | jimmaswell wrote:
         | It's frustrating talking with my friend who needs a new car but
         | has no money and bad credit. They have a small windfall to
         | afford a $3000 or so car with but they think you can't get
         | anything worth driving for less than $15000 and with 100k miles
         | or less. Meanwhile I've been driving my $800 Jeep for years and
         | it's still running strong nearing 200k miles. They also balk at
         | used appliances, furniture etc. Some people get stuck in debt
         | forever because of these bad mindsets.
        
         | Bukhmanizer wrote:
         | > Anyway, people think I'm 'privileged' now because I earn a
         | lot of money, but they have no idea that I used to sleep on the
         | floor and eat in soup lines.
         | 
         | > I made it and you can too. Poverty has no color. It impacts
         | everyone. You can't tell just by looking at someone.
         | 
         | These two statements are so irritatingly bland and dismissive.
         | 
         | > Anyway, people think I'm 'privileged' now
         | 
         | Yeah, so if people look at you and say "that person probably
         | grew up in a nice home with good parents", that _is_ a
         | privilege. Boo-hoo, middle-class people accept you and think
         | you belong within their social tier. The fact that you 're
         | afraid your co-workers will know that you grew up poor is proof
         | of how much of a privilege it is.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | Never been poor, but happened to have a car that was unreliable
       | AF. It's anxiety inducing to say the least when every time you
       | start it feels like a roll of the dice. Especially when others
       | are with you.
        
       | nabusman wrote:
       | I would love to understand how this is different in a
       | metropolitan in Canada (e.g. Toronto, Vancouver, Montreal). Is it
       | much better than it is here in the US of A or more of the same?
        
       | flumpcakes wrote:
       | I share this sentiment from the author.
       | 
       | I speak "normally", as in to say I don't have a regional accent,
       | and have "white collar" jobs working in IT. Many people assume I
       | am a good middle class person.
       | 
       | I often get told I am naive, or stupid for saying things like
       | "rent prices are too expensive" and that when the median income
       | people cannot afford the median priced house we're just growing
       | another bubble.
       | 
       | I had a playstation 1 and the original xbox as a child/teenager.
       | That sounds like I must have been lucky/middle class and not
       | poor? Surely!
       | 
       | All of my adult friends didn't know me as a child. My mother left
       | when I wasn an infant and since then until his death my father
       | never worked another day in his life. We lived off approximately
       | PS100 ($150?) a week for a family of three while my sister was
       | sent to live with a relative.
       | 
       | There was also summers where I ate only bread and jam, cooked on
       | a portable gas heater, for breakfast, lunch, and dinner 7 days a
       | week. Our gas had mostly been shut off and so we couldn't use a
       | cooker, or the central heating, and didn't have any money other
       | than a few PS for bread & jam. When I was at school I had free
       | school lunches. Sometimes there wouldn't be any food for dinner
       | when I got home.
       | 
       | I lived below the poverty line until I was 19 and went to
       | University. After which I moved to a city and got a job in IT. I
       | am the wealthiest I have ever been, but my actual expenses are
       | close to nothing: after rent and utility bills my only monthly
       | expenses are my phone contract (PS8) and audiable (PS8). I don't
       | buy clothes or shoes or any anything really unless there is a
       | direct need to (i.e. my shoes have a large hole in them).
       | 
       | Because of my upbringing (the lack of food etc.) I probably have
       | an eating disorder, and most of my monthly outgoings is probably
       | on takeaway foods. That is still probably a maximum of PS200 a
       | month. I probably spend PS100-PS200 a month on normal food
       | shopping (milk, bread, cereal, cheese, meat, ready meals,
       | chocolate, etc.)
       | 
       | Everything else is shared with my partner out of a joint savings
       | account (Netflix, Disney+, Car insurance paid yearly). My partner
       | didn't grow up in the level of poverty I did - but now I earn
       | twice as much as her she feels poor and "unworthy" compared to
       | the amount of money I contribute to our savings.
       | 
       | My father ended up with MS and killed himself a year ago. He was
       | living on disability allowance so his income was probably the
       | highest he had ever lived on, but is equivalent to minimum wage.
       | He killed himself when the current conservative government (UK)
       | were following through with their disability reassements which
       | meant his income would have dropped by hundreds of pounds a
       | month.
       | 
       | I don't want to derail the conversation, but I do get frustrated
       | when people call out my "white male IT privledgedness". I think I
       | have more in common with any marginalised group than I do with
       | the "normal white middle class" everyone assumes I am.
       | 
       | I currently have saved about PS30,000 to go towards my first
       | flat. This money has been saved by myself and my partner only.
       | This will be the first property ever owned in my immediate
       | family. (I was the second to go to university, after my sister a
       | few years ahead of me.) I will not/have not inhereited anything
       | from any of my family.
       | 
       | My brother, who had the exact same upbringing as me and is
       | approximately one year younger than me currently rents a room
       | from a family for PS400 a month and works full time at McDonalds
       | "flipping burgers". His future prospects aren't high. Breaking
       | the cycle of poverty is a hard thing.
        
         | avenger123 wrote:
         | Thank you for sharing this.
        
         | borishn wrote:
         | "Many people assume I am a good middle class person" is what
         | many people consider a "privilege".
        
       | airhead969 wrote:
       | They don't know the meaning of poor. And, who cares about some
       | absolutely privileged, greedy, manipulative idiots who "can't
       | live" on $200k/yr and take from people who make way less than
       | them. Shame on them!
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | If you can count your money, you're poor.
       | 
       | If you can count your money and it fits in your pockets, you're
       | very poor.
       | 
       | If you can count your money and it fits in your left pocket with
       | room to spare, you're extremely poor.
       | 
       | If you're wondering whether to buy food or gas with the money you
       | have left, you're broke.
       | 
       | If you wish you could buy food or gas, you're absolutely
       | destitute.
        
         | txdv wrote:
         | Saw a documentary in which social strata is classified by the
         | means of transportation you are able to afford.
         | 
         | The first level is not a car, but shoes. Then comes a bicycle.
         | Then comes a motorized bicycle. Then comes a car.
         | 
         | Not having gas for your car is just the beginning of the abyss.
        
         | fastball wrote:
         | How much money can you fit in your pockets if they're
         | Benjamins?
        
         | skohan wrote:
         | I always thought of "broke" as the transitory status of not
         | having money, while "poor" is a socioeconomic status.
         | 
         | I.e. a university student could be too broke to buy beer before
         | their next stipend comes in, but that doesn't make them poor if
         | they can still go home and drive mom & dad's Tesla on the
         | weekend.
        
           | irjustin wrote:
           | Context changes the meaning as you rightfully point out.
           | 
           | Being a broke college student and being a broke adult are
           | wildly different in almost every respect.
        
             | fastball wrote:
             | Not really. You could be pulling down $500k a year but have
             | such a high spend rate that you frequently run out of money
             | before your next paycheck.
        
             | skohan wrote:
             | I think the definition still holds up fine. The main
             | difference between being a broke adult vs a broke college
             | student is that being broke as an adult is almost always
             | because you're poor.
        
           | airhead969 wrote:
           | I think of those words interchangeably. "Poor" is also
           | ambiguous, i.e., "the poor" (economic class status) and "are
           | poor" (having little money, orthogonal to any time period).
           | Examples: "My grandparents grew-up poor, but became middle-
           | class." and "Alms for the poor."
           | 
           | And, there are only so many relative modifiers, so one has to
           | use synonyms to make a point. ;)
        
             | skohan wrote:
             | I still think the meanings are distinct. For instance, you
             | could say: "I can't get a home loan because I'm poor", "I
             | qualify for food stamps because I am poor", but attributing
             | these things to being broke sounds a bit funny. By the same
             | token, you wouldn't say "My grandparents grew up broke, but
             | became middle-class"
        
       | data_ders wrote:
       | The car talk resonated with me. I'm always irked to hear someone
       | bragging about their Volvo that's lasted them 20 years or
       | whatever. To me, there's nothing to be proud of, you bought a
       | luxury car and likely had it maintained by a trained mechanic
       | regularly.
        
         | throwaway0a5e wrote:
         | As a former used-car flipper I call it the "4Runner vs Grand
         | Caravan" effect. And I mostly call it that because it gets
         | under the skin of certain people.
         | 
         | The 4Runner starts its life in the hands of someone who can
         | afford whatever maintenance is needs, whenever it needs it.
         | 
         | The Grand Caravan starts its life in the hands of someone who
         | needs the cheapest minivan and can barely afford it let alone
         | afford following the maintenance schedule in the manual.
         | 
         | The 4Runner will haul two kids and occasionally a youth soccer
         | team.
         | 
         | The Grand Caravan will haul five kids and occasionally 1800lb
         | of paver bricks.
         | 
         | The 4Runner will be towed behind a motorhome.
         | 
         | The Grand Caravan will try and tow a motorhome.
        
       | programmertote wrote:
       | > Note: The hostess and her husband were both doctors. They had a
       | combined income somewhere upwards of $200,000 a year
       | 
       | I find this a bit puzzling. If the couples are both doctors in
       | the US, they certainly are making much more than $200K/year. The
       | median salary of a generic doctor (internal medicine) in the US
       | is ~$250K. I really wonder where this couple doctor is practicing
       | at.
       | 
       | Other than that, I agree with the whole post. I came from a
       | lower-middle class family (my dad died when I was 12; my widowed
       | mom worked very hard and earned as much side income as possible--
       | I remember having to send baked goods to nearby stores for my mom
       | before going to school at 8am--to give me and my siblings as good
       | an education as one can reasonably get in our third world
       | country). Even to this day, I don't own a car. I live by
       | $600/month budget for food, entertainment and other necessities.
       | I am always saving and investing at least 50% of my income in
       | case I become poor again.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | This is an awesome write-up.
       | 
       | I am not rich. I have never been rich, and it's likely that I
       | never will be, but this:
       | 
       |  _> At the same time, I'm mostly happy. I have a wonderful wife
       | who is very satisfying to be near, two kids who are about as
       | custom-fit to my personality as possible, and dozens of friends
       | online and off who would take a bullet for me, and vice versa._
       | 
       | describes my life pretty well.
       | 
       | I have lived low on the hog for almost my entire life, and that
       | allowed me to save up enough, so that I can live in a fashion
       | that is comfortable to me, while I do the kind of work I love
       | (the kind that could make other people millions, but not so much
       | for me). I just love doing this stuff. I'm living the dream
       | (which I once described as "My dream is to one day, work for
       | free").
       | 
       | I also grew up overseas (mostly Africa), and know what _real_
       | poverty is like. It has had a _huge_ effect on my outlook.
       | 
       | And, for my entire adult life, I have worked intimately with
       | people that are on the shit end of the stick. I am constantly
       | hearing (and seeing) what living rough is like.
       | 
       | Helps me to stay grateful.
        
       | offtop5 wrote:
       | The part about cars is pretty spot on, I'm upper middle class and
       | I've been able to save so much money by getting rid of my car. On
       | the low end you're going to hit 300 to 500 dollars a month for
       | the privilege of driving.
       | 
       | The problem here is America simply isn't built for public
       | transit. But since cars are a status symbol, people still go down
       | to Toyota, or Honda and as long as they can make that first down
       | payment they get to drive a new car. I was talking to a rather
       | brash car salesman and he laughed about how he can tell who's
       | going to get their car repoed.
       | 
       | Cars are the single biggest reason why so many people can't get
       | ahead. You also have a gargantuan maze of cascading consequences
       | when you really can't afford a car. You don't have insurance
       | because you can't afford it, you get in an accident and lose your
       | license. As the article states that doesn't stop you from needing
       | to drive. Then you get pulled over and risk getting arrested.
       | 
       | I'm very lucky in that I don't need to drive a car, even when you
       | can afford one driving to work every day can be a truly hellish
       | experience.
        
         | sandworm101 wrote:
         | >> I'm upper middle class and I've been able to save so much
         | money by getting rid of my car.
         | 
         | Because you probably have job at a desk with a computer. You
         | don't physically do much and so your per-minute presence at
         | work isn't mandatory. If you are a few minutes late the world
         | is not going to end and your workday rarely starts before 5am.
         | You can handle the ins and outs of public transportation and/or
         | you can afford to live close enough to walk/bike. I have a job
         | that, while it pays well enough I have to be physically present
         | (military, long story). While I am paid well enough I will get
         | into real trouble if I am not on time every day. Sometimes I'm
         | on call and have to get to work within 30-minutes of receiving
         | a phonecall. I'd like to ditch the car, but I don't see any
         | other reliable 24/7/365 transpiration options. Some of the
         | people who work under me, and earn considerably less, are
         | lobbying for "have own car" and "have own cellphone" to be
         | listed work requirements. That might make at least some
         | associated costs tax deductible.
        
           | offtop5 wrote:
           | Actually in my area public transportation is more reliable
           | than driving.
           | 
           | Nothing like being able to play video games during your
           | commute
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | The video game thing is interesting. If we one day get
             | truly autodrive cars, would a long commute matter as much?
             | If I can literally sleep as the computer does the driving I
             | probably wouldn't care so much about a longer commute.
        
               | offtop5 wrote:
               | Wear and tear on the car would be an issue, even if you
               | presume Tesla's can effectively drive themselves for
               | free, Tesla still break down. I don't think I'd be okay
               | with anything over an hour each way
        
               | gibspaulding wrote:
               | I'm really curious to see what the longevity of future
               | electric cars ends up looking like. In theory electric
               | motors should be able to last way longer than an ICE, and
               | most other wear parts (suspension, breaks, etc) should be
               | straight forward to replace.
               | 
               | The big question would be batteries, and in the case of
               | Tesla at least right to repair issues.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | >> In theory electric motors should be able to last way
               | longer than an ICE
               | 
               | Except that it is very rare for a car to be scrapped
               | because of its engine. IC engines are mature tech. They
               | last forever, longer than the body of the car. Extending
               | the life of the engine further won't extend the life of
               | the vehicle. And for such calculations one must include
               | the battery packs. I think it safe to say that while
               | electric motors might marginally outlast IC engines, I
               | don't think that batteries will every have a functional
               | lifespan longer than a gas tank (many decades, maybe even
               | a century.)
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Exactly. Cars get scrapped because the part costs $W, you
               | can't run a compliant business for less than $X, the tech
               | needs to be paid $Y, the service manual subscriptions
               | cost $Z and they all add up to a number greater than what
               | a 2002 Cavalier is worth.
               | 
               | An under the table side gig mechanic can perform many
               | more jobs in an economically viable manner because the
               | fixed costs are so much less.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | This might narrowly be true if your definition of engine
               | excludes other ICE-only components like the transmission
               | or radiator (which is technically correct in specialist
               | discussion but not general usage). The most common non-
               | crash explanation I've heard people cite for turning cars
               | into write-offs with is a blown head gasket, so I'm not
               | sure about your thesis in general, and it's certainly not
               | something an electric car owner needs to worry about
               | along with a slew of other cost/complexity increases
               | specific to ICEs.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | >> a blown head gasket
               | 
               | That's a one/two-hour job, a thousand dollars at most. I
               | don't think they are selling the car because the engine
               | is bad rather that the car is now worth more in parts
               | than as a complete object. The engine isn't dead, just in
               | need of repair. This happens to electric drivetrains too.
               | Windings break. Bolts shear. Bearings fail. And many/most
               | electric cars (tesla) still have transmission-type things
               | between their motors and wheels.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | 1-2 hours if it doesn't cause heat damage - maybe my
               | relatives have been unlucky but a couple had warping from
               | explosive failures.
               | 
               | (Disclaimer: I'm a software guy, might be misremembering
               | - the key point was that basically all of the times I've
               | heard someone mention involuntarily getting rid of a car
               | it was either an accident or something which does not
               | affect BEVs.)
        
           | tangjurine wrote:
           | What about a motorcycle? Cheaper and insurance not required.
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | >> ... insurance not required.
             | 
             | Where exactly is insurance not required for a motorcycle?
             | Or do you mean moped? And it was -12c with two inches of
             | snow on my car this morning. Anything on two wheels would
             | be lethal. Good luck even riding a bicycle with two inches
             | of new snow over a season's worth of compact ice.
        
               | tangjurine wrote:
               | I thought for my state there was no need for insurance,
               | but turns out in 2019 they started requiring it. Seattle
               | rarely gets snow so I didn't think about weather
               | conditions.
               | 
               | I think a motorcycle couldn't work for your case, but
               | some sort of one or two person on road / off road vehicle
               | would still be cheaper than buying a car.
        
             | PenguinCoder wrote:
             | Motorcycle can't carry kids (in the US) safely, or other
             | needs like groceries. And yes, insurance is still required.
        
             | lovegoblin wrote:
             | I prefer to keep my insides on the inside.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | Also, you can use special lanes and in California lane
             | split. If you're willing to take on the risk, and live in a
             | sunny place, motorcycles can compete with public transport
             | in cost.
        
             | offtop5 wrote:
             | I don't have much confidence in most people being able to
             | drive a car. While motorcycles do look really cool, it's
             | just not something most people can safely do
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | The proliferation of moped-like vehicles that exist right
               | below the "everything beyond here is legally a motorcycle
               | and the state makes you obtain an extra license and
               | insure it like a car thereby providing a massive dis-
               | incentive to not just get a car" line seems to indicate
               | plenty of people are fine with the risks.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Fine might not be the right term: there definitely are
               | people okay with the risk, especially given how much
               | faster they'll get to their destination, but given how
               | much more expensive cars are there's also a financial
               | push to take a possible risk over certain financial
               | stress.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | I think the rest of their post after the part you quoted
           | agrees with your point. So much of the US was designed or
           | redesigned to only work for people who own cars but we still
           | love to talk about them as if they were voluntary expenses
           | ignoring the number of people who are one breakdown or
           | accident away from unemployment & lack of access to
           | healthcare.
        
             | nitrogen wrote:
             | What city has public transit that will get you safely and
             | quickly to work at 3AM? What city design will still
             | accomplish all that after your job relocates 15 miles
             | further away?
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | That was kind of my point: switching to suburban living,
               | heavily subsidizing roads and parking but not having
               | effective transit (or only having it for, say, tourists
               | and sports venues rather than something a commuter could
               | rely on), etc. are all choices which were repeatedly made
               | by planners. We can make other choices and, especially
               | now, climate change is likely to force us to consider at
               | least some of them since even an electric car has a
               | significant lifetime carbon emission contribution
               | disadvantage due to the inherent spatial inefficiency of
               | the medium.
        
         | adamredwoods wrote:
         | I used to take public transportation that took 2 hours each way
         | to get to my job. Then I bought my first car for $500. It was
         | such great freedom.
         | 
         | Then, years later, I moved to the city and was able to get rid
         | of my car. It was great freedom.
         | 
         | Then, years later, I got married and had a child. We bought and
         | owned two cars. It was great freedom.
        
           | objektif wrote:
           | I can kind of relate to it however in my opinion being able
           | to solely rely on public transportation in the city is still
           | the best kind of freedom.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > On the low end you're going to hit 300 to 500 dollars a month
         | for the privilege of driving.
         | 
         | How is maintaining a car costing you so much?
        
           | buescher wrote:
           | Add the numbers up and it's pretty hard to get TCO on a car
           | driven 15,000 miles/year in the US much below about
           | $3500/year, even if you do as much work as possible yourself,
           | buy junkyard parts, etc. If you're capable of getting that
           | number down very much, you're probably capable of making
           | enough money that you don't have to.
           | 
           | TCO on a decent and highly reliable new compact, for
           | comparison, is about $5000-$6000/year. (Check Edmunds) At
           | $400-$500/month in TCO you should have _no_ car worries. But
           | if you don 't have that extra $100+/month, or can't get into
           | a new or certified used car for whatever reason, that does
           | you no good.
           | 
           | Having been raised to be frugal, and having been broke, I
           | totally sympathize with the car trouble thing. That said, a
           | lot of people make irrational decisions about cars, and that
           | can include trying to be frugal.
        
           | kingnothing wrote:
           | $100 / month on gas, $200 / month for a car payment, $100 /
           | month for insurance. That's not even accounting for
           | maintenance.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | $1200 a year insurance? Seems a huge amount! Is this one of
             | those things where it's for some reason more expensive for
             | poor people?
        
               | kingnothing wrote:
               | Say it's half that or you drive uninsured. A car is still
               | a big expense.
        
               | bobitsaboy wrote:
               | You think $100/mo for car insurance is expensive? The
               | average car insurance rate is apparently $133, but I
               | personally know it's not very hard to hit more than $100
               | (even on an older model car) if you want more than
               | liability.
               | 
               | https://www.nerdwallet.com/blog/insurance/car-insurance-
               | basi...
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > You think $100/mo for car insurance is expensive?
               | 
               | Definitely! Mine is $500/year for full coverage in the
               | UK.
        
               | bobitsaboy wrote:
               | I'm nearly 40 and have been driving for decades. I
               | recently downgraded to liability and it's still $55/mo
               | for myself and my similarly aged significant other.
        
               | buescher wrote:
               | It's more expensive for people who haven't been
               | continuously insured, who have had accidents, or who
               | otherwise have a poor driving record. That's a larger
               | fraction of poor people than it is of not-poor people, so
               | yes, typically insurance is more expensive for poor
               | people.
        
               | gkop wrote:
               | In my experience in the US, the cost of even essential
               | coverage varies dramatically by zip code. For example,
               | when I moved 1 mile from Cleveland Heights to Piedmont
               | Ave in Oakland, CA, my rates went down by more than 20%.
               | 
               | So yea, significantly more expensive for poor people.
        
           | offtop5 wrote:
           | Gas and insurance alone can easily hit 300 of you drive
           | enough. Say you keep it at 200, 100$ a month to fix minor
           | things isn't unreasonable. But that assumes you bought a car
           | cash, from my experience people tend to finance cars just
           | because they can't get three or four thousand dollars
           | together at one time. Then you're paying $400 a month
        
             | buescher wrote:
             | Middle class perspective: if you can buy a car for cash,
             | but you can get a good interest rate on a loan, you may be
             | better off taking the loan. The opportunity cost of having
             | cash sunk into the car can be greater than your financing
             | costs.
        
               | offtop5 wrote:
               | The problem is most people buy more car than they can
               | afford when they finance it. If I have to save $10,000,
               | and I have it in my mind that I don't buy things on
               | credit, I'm only going to buy a $10,000 car. But if I
               | have $1,000 for a down payment and the car dealership
               | talks me into a $30,000 car with zero down, I might take
               | that deal.
        
               | buescher wrote:
               | True, but a complementary problem is that your $10000
               | used car is probably overpriced, driven up by the demand
               | for lower-cost-up-front cars. Edmunds' 5-year TCO on a
               | 2015 Corolla is only about $20/month less than that of a
               | 2021 Corolla. There have been years where their estimate
               | was for slightly higher TCO on the five-year-old car.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | A basic, simple loan like this also is often good for
               | your credit record.
        
               | throwaway99997 wrote:
               | Unless your credit score is absolutely perfect, the APR
               | on a used car loan is easily 8-10%
               | 
               | That's a pretty big chunk of change to spend to boost
               | your credit record
               | 
               | https://www.bankrate.com/loans/auto-loans/rates/
        
               | buescher wrote:
               | Yeah, that's another way it costs to be poor. But you can
               | read that page as "a new car loan can be as low as 4.2%,
               | even if you only have fair-to-good credit".
               | 
               | It can still make sense to hang on to the cash if you
               | don't otherwise have a cash reserve.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Right I was thinking about new car loans which I've seen
               | at zero, which is why it makes sense to work the money
               | somewhere else.
        
       | Mc_Big_G wrote:
       | I've been "counting couch change for food" poor and "maybe I can
       | retire early" rich and the thing that strikes me the most about
       | both is how many facets of society are geared to punish the poor.
       | 
       | Your car broke down on the side of the road and you needed a week
       | to get the money to fix it? Now you have a fine and an exorbitant
       | ransom on your vehicle from a towing company.
       | 
       | Your employer made a mistake with your paycheck and it didn't
       | arrive on time? Cool, now you have an overdraft fee, a bounced
       | check fee and late fees for every monthly payment that hit at the
       | wrong time. There goes your paycheck.
       | 
       | You need a loan for a car to get to work? No problem, you'll just
       | need to pay 21% interest and insane late fees if you miss a
       | payment.
       | 
       | You need to buy boots for work? Payless has $10 boots but they'll
       | only last a few months, so you can rebuy them 5 times a year or
       | maybe just destroy your feet instead.
       | 
       | Meanwhile, my insurance company will tow my car for free, I have
       | a buffer in the bank such that nothing could possibly bounce and
       | even if it did they would forgive me, I have a 5 year, zero
       | interest rate loan on my car, points back on credit cards for
       | buying things I'd buy anyway, free money for getting a new credit
       | card or bank account, etc...
        
       | Taylor_OD wrote:
       | I grew up poorish. Father made less than 100 dollars a week for a
       | good chunk of my childhood. However we lived in a low cost of
       | living area and it was relatively safe. My parents were, and
       | still are, cheap despite making much more money now.
       | 
       | They did an incredible job not letting us realize we were poor. I
       | thought we were upper middle class until I was in high school.
       | Raising a family while poor is hard. I can't even imagine the
       | life I would have had if I grew up in a higher cost of living or
       | more dangerous place.
        
       | throwaway0a5e wrote:
       | I think this article was well written but stopped just short of
       | where it needed to be in a few places.
       | 
       | >If you came from a family that did pretty well financially, went
       | to college and then immediately started to do pretty well
       | yourself, it's hard to get any kind of context for what life is
       | like at lower income levels.
       | 
       | I would have gone further and said most of the advice given about
       | any topic people who haven't lived it is crap and shouldn't be
       | listened do. Some yuppie with an engineering job has zero useful
       | advice when it comes to telling a forklift driver how to get
       | ahead. Someone who manages a $100 restaurant in downtown NYC is
       | going to have little useful advice for a truck-stop diner owner.
       | 
       | > is that it's usually assumed that the quality of things has a
       | pretty linear association to the price.
       | 
       | They assume it because they have enough money to insulate them
       | from having any good reason to tell the difference. How often
       | have you heard something like "I've only replaced the gears in my
       | Kithenaid mixer 3x and the frame on my Tacoma 4x" and then the
       | people saying it turn around and defend those things as worth the
       | price premium as though doing so isn't lunacy with a side of
       | stockholm syndrome. At a certain point you can afford to get
       | ripped off. It's like a form of conspicuous consumption where
       | instead of being overt you pretend to be hapless.
       | 
       | >That's the drop-off you experience at the lower price levels -
       | there's nothing between "This is a tiny but acceptable apartment"
       | and "Slum apartments in stab-ville".
       | 
       | Author neglects to mention that through personal behavior you can
       | largely avoid being affected by the worst parts of stabville and
       | that when you know you can do so at little cost the extra $300/mo
       | for "peace of mind" is kind of hard to justify and you need to
       | use "but kids" type logic to do so.
       | 
       | >I am always consistently shocked by how little people living at
       | a decent-to-great income level fear their cars... (I'm not gonna
       | bother quoting the full paragraph)
       | 
       | The author should have rounded out this paragraph with
       | "eventually you accrue enough tools and experience you don't need
       | to worry about anything anymore because you understand the
       | mechanical state of your car" and a lecture about how a car's
       | utility lets you save money. Try buying used appliances or
       | furniture CL with a bus pass. It just doesn't work. If it's a
       | legitimately good deal you couldn't get it in the time it takes
       | to arrange a rental.
       | 
       | >I think this is a fairly accurate way to look at pay, but it
       | applies to other aspects of the job. If you got sick more
       | often....(once again, not gonna quote the whole thing).
       | 
       | This is very much a two way street. If you're the guy on your
       | shift who saves the line manager a whole lot of pain in the butt
       | (e.g. transportation arrangements make it trivial for you to show
       | up early as needed) they're gonna wink and nod and let you get
       | away with some off the books allowances because they know that
       | you can get another McJob elsewhere just as easily as they can
       | replace you and that your replacement likely won't have whatever
       | value-add you do.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | lisper wrote:
       | There is a huge survivorship bias in people's theories of what it
       | takes to succeed economically. Working hard improves your odds,
       | but it is neither necessary nor sufficient for success. Luck
       | plays a huge role, starting with who your parents are.
       | 
       | Nonetheless, the ranks of the successful are chock-full of people
       | who worked hard and who think that they can draw a straight line
       | between their hard work and their success, and that if they can
       | do it, so can anyone. If you are such a person, I urge you to
       | read this:
       | 
       | https://blog.rongarret.info/2009/10/travelogue-beauty-and-de...
        
       | dalbasal wrote:
       | His point on housing is _so_ important, and its adjacent to a lot
       | of other poverty-related issues.
       | 
       | It's one of the reasons advocates for the poor often seem to
       | speak a different language to their opposition.
       | 
       | If you live in median-and-above-land, you think of all costs
       | existing on a spectrum. Fancy dinners for $100 on one end. Rice
       | and beans for pennies at the other. This is true for clothes,
       | smartphones, furniture... lots of things. There's a spectrum with
       | options all along it.
       | 
       | It is not true for housing, transport and a lot of other,
       | unavoidable expenses. Housing is the extreme example. Say an
       | average smartphone is $350. $700 buys a luxury phone. $175 gets
       | you an decent phone. Say median rent is $1500. Going above $3k
       | will get you a palace and $750 probably doesn't get you anything.
       | Quality, below median prices is on an _extremely_ steep curve.
       | 
       | Household economics are just completely different below and above
       | a certain threshold... and this has gotten more pronounced over
       | the last generation or two.
       | 
       | Ireland has/had a whole literary genre of stories about miserable
       | poverty-stricken childhoods. They paint a very vivid picture. If
       | you compare it to poverty today, besides being less harsh, it's
       | quite different. They had housing. It was basic, often insecure,
       | but they did have housing.
       | 
       | Food was scarce. That's no longer the case. Stuff though... they
       | had no stuff. No bed, no mugs, no shoes, no pencils. Getting
       | these things was an epic mission and served as a landmark. That
       | is all changed now. Stuff is extremely abundant. Basics like
       | housing and transport are almost as scarce as they were in the
       | bad old days.
       | 
       | The upshot of all this is that we underestimate how poor poor is.
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | Healthcare and housing are two things that seem to crush those
         | in poverty (with transportation being a distant, but important,
         | third. On one hand you can keep a job with no house, but can't
         | with no transportation; on the other hand, cars have gotten
         | cheaper and more reliable pretty steadily over my lifetime).
         | 
         | A lot of families are a single injury to a _non earner_ away
         | from being bankrupt. Obviously an injury to an earner can be
         | even worse. As TFA points out you can live in terrible
         | conditions and maybe be a bit more financially stable, or you
         | can live in passable conditions and be constantly short on
         | money. Either way you are just trading one type of stress for
         | another.
        
           | dalbasal wrote:
           | Maybe in the states this is true about transport. Here in
           | ireland I would guesstimate the difference between entry
           | level (personal car) ownership costs and upper-middle class
           | car ownership at 1/1.5... maybe even less... maybe even
           | negative.
           | 
           | Fuel costs, registration and insurance costs are, I'd wager,
           | negatively correlated with wealth and much higher here than
           | the states. Driving an older car can cost EUR100-EUR200 more
           | per month than a new one.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | 1. Fuel and registration vary from state-to-state, but can
             | be so cheap in the US that the purchase/repair/maintenance
             | costs dominate.
             | 
             | 2. As TFA states, many poor people have either liability
             | only, or no insurance. The latter is illegal in most
             | states, but "break the law or starve" has a fairly
             | universal result of breaking the law.
        
         | therealdrag0 wrote:
         | I thought about this too when I was reading Crime and
         | Punishment recently. The protagonist is described as very poor,
         | but they still have a room in a house, and their room even
         | includes house meals. Similarly with other poor characters;
         | sometimes their space was just a sectioned off area of a bigger
         | room (maybe like a floor-ceiling cubical). But hey, that's
         | gotta be better than sleeping under a freeway for most people.
        
           | bzbarsky wrote:
           | The thing is, in the US the "sectioned off area of a bigger
           | room" model of housing has been legislated and regulated out
           | of existence. Similar for the other option the very poor
           | (read: serfs) had in the Russia of the period Crime and
           | Punishment is set in: just build something yourself to the
           | best of your ability. The result was not always great, and
           | there are all sorts of reasons (starting with fire-spreading
           | externalities) for modern building codes, so I'm not
           | suggesting it's necessaily desirable or viable to go back to
           | where we were in the 19th century regarding housing. But the
           | upshot is that building and health codes enforce a minimum
           | quality on housing that surely feels unexceptionable to the
           | people writing them while at the same time serving to price
           | people out of housing.
        
         | danaris wrote:
         | > Ireland has/had a whole literary genre of stories about
         | miserable poverty-stricken childhoods. They paint a very vivid
         | picture. If you compare it to poverty today, besides being less
         | harsh, it's quite different. They had housing. It was basic,
         | often insecure, but they did have housing. > Food was scarce.
         | That's no longer the case. Stuff though... they had no stuff.
         | No bed, no mugs, no shoes, no pencils. Getting these things was
         | an epic mission and served as a landmark. That is all changed
         | now. Stuff is extremely abundant. Basics like housing and
         | transport are almost as scarce as they were in the bad old
         | days.
         | 
         | And this is a big part of the problem with popular discourse
         | about poverty today: for a large percentage of people, that
         | picture of poverty that you describe in Ireland is _the_
         | picture of what poverty looks like, and anyone whose life doesn
         | 't look like that obviously isn't _really_ poor.
         | 
         | This is especially true of the "not having stuff" part. The
         | popular image of poverty is of a one-to-three-room house with
         | nothing but a sad lumpy mattress on the floor, the children
         | dressed in ragged, dirty clothes playing with a stick and some
         | rocks. These days, "poverty" all too often looks more like
         | someone living out of a car, with a smartphone that's four to
         | six years old and one set of nice clothes (because you have to
         | have a set to go to job interviews) along with one or two sets
         | of ratty ones. Or maybe a too-small apartment (that you can
         | barely pay the rent on) with a ten-year-old 40" flatscreen TV
         | and an HP desktop that's still limping along for accessing the
         | internet.
         | 
         | Too many people today see the TV, the computer, the smartphone,
         | and the nice clothes, and just assume that these people aren't
         | _really_ poor. Because their idea of what poverty looks like is
         | stuck in the 19th (and, to be fair, first half-to-two-thirds of
         | the 20th) century.
        
           | criticaljudge wrote:
           | Well arguably they are not really poor, compared to those
           | cases of poverty in the 19th century.
        
             | Jotra7 wrote:
             | Really? And just how useful is that comparison? Compassion,
             | maybe you should try it some time.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I wonder if the availability of stuff has informed the price
         | inflation of housing.
         | 
         | What else do people have in their lives that they can bid up
         | with whatever money they have left over from other concerns?
        
           | therealdrag0 wrote:
           | It's not just that it's bid up, it's that the govmnt has
           | paternalized what sort of housing-should be legal. The
           | housing that the poor could get back in the day is now
           | illegal because it's "inhumane". There's regulations around
           | square footage, fixtures, etc. Of course the "unintended
           | consequence" is those people sleep in their cars or
           | outside/tents, which is obviously worse than a shitty
           | apartment that has a roof and walls. Maybe the closest thing
           | to the old way is renting a room on Craig's list.
           | 
           | But limited supply is also a big problem.
        
         | jimbokun wrote:
         | Cost Disease:
         | 
         | https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/02/09/considerations-on-cost...
         | 
         | Also add education and health care.
        
       | jimmaswell wrote:
       | > Unless you really, really need everything in your house to
       | clearly be part of a unified set, you are a sucker if you buy
       | furniture new
       | 
       | I'd generally agree but some Ikea stuff is so cheap that it's not
       | a big deal. $10 for a nice little table is fine. They also tend
       | to have a discount section for returns and minor defects, those
       | can be decent deals.
        
       | magnetowasright wrote:
       | > Take no guilt from this article - It's informational, not a
       | call to arms.
       | 
       | Why isn't it a call to arms? Why should anybody have to live like
       | that? I've done it. I was busting my arse to get by. Got out
       | basically because of luck. Nobody should live in poverty.
       | 
       | I also find the "has your water been cut off" interesting. Due to
       | the safety/health implications, cutting off water is illegal
       | where I live. You can be restricted for a few specific reasons,
       | but they can't just turn your water off. Jesus. Absolutely
       | atrocious that that happens to people. Australia is FAR from
       | perfect but at least medical bills don't bankrupt people and
       | depriving people of utilities generally isn't allowed.
       | 
       | ...Why isn't this post a call to arms, again?
        
       | bezout wrote:
       | There's also a difference in the way people handle money once
       | they improve their financial situation. They tend to be cautious,
       | and save money instead of spending it. There are exceptions, of
       | course.
        
         | TulliusCicero wrote:
         | I've heard just as many people express the opposite. That
         | because they were used to "having extra money to spend" being a
         | fleeting thing, they threw caution to the wind and overspent
         | after attaining a substantially higher income. That they had
         | never learned about saving before (because they didn't
         | consistently have extra to save), so it never became a habit.
         | 
         | It'd be interesting to see real data on which outcome is
         | actually more common.
        
           | dagw wrote:
           | Anecdotally it seems to depend a lot on how they got the
           | money. Based purely on people I've known; people who become
           | rich after working long hours for 20+ years building up
           | company or similar tended to be very frugal for the rest of
           | their lives despite retiring millionaires. People who
           | 'lucked' into a lot of money tended to wildly overspend and
           | never achieve financial stability.
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | The hardest part for me was convincing my partner that price is
       | not equal to value. It took me a decade of arguments and constant
       | proofs to even begin to convince my partner that you can almost
       | always find much better value for much less money.
       | 
       | Marketing does such an incredible job at convincing people that
       | price and value are the same thing that it takes tremendous
       | mental effort for people to acknowledge that it's not like that
       | at all. People refuse to acknowledge how powerful advertising is
       | at distorting our own perceptions. People think things like "I'm
       | not that kind of person to use product x or drive car y or live
       | in country z, I'm better than that" - These people are misguided.
       | 
       | Usually you have to move to a different country to get better
       | value. You don't want to buy a house in a neighborhood next to
       | money launderers who get easy money (you don't want your hard-
       | earned money competing on the same playing field as their big
       | easy-earned money). You want to buy a house somewhere where
       | people work hard for their money. Sometimes these places don't
       | have a very good reputation but the reality often has nothing to
       | do with the marketing.
       | 
       | People also get caught up in group think. I was saying for years
       | that the best value real estate was outside of big cities
       | including in the surrounding areas. Nobody agreed with me, I
       | often heard arguments like "We don't want to live next to the
       | kinds of people who live there." The great irony is that "these
       | people" are probably the best kinds when you judge them based on
       | their character and personal values. Again, this is due to people
       | confusing price with value. They think that people who earn a lot
       | of money are better people, smarter people but there is no
       | correlation - They are just lucky people with huge egos; in many
       | ways they are more primitive. Since the pandemic now all the rich
       | suckers suddenly decided all at once that they want to live
       | outside the cities... I'm thinking to move even further out.
        
         | DarkWiiPlayer wrote:
         | To me everything I see an ad for is automatically tainted
         | forever. If I'm not paying attention, I won't even consider
         | buying anything I've ever seen on TV because it automatically
         | registers as "too expensive". With certain things I've trained
         | myself that "I can afford this easily now", but those are
         | exceptions.
        
       | fasteddie31003 wrote:
       | I've spanned the economic ladder from making $25k, to having
       | enough money that I could retire before age 35. It wasn't that
       | bad making $25k. I actually moved into my friend's large closet
       | for 3 months. Life was more like the show Friends back then. I
       | definitely made more stories and friends in that time period too.
       | Now on the other side of the spectrum, life is more stressful and
       | kinda boring. Maybe that is part of the pandemic's fault. My
       | money is tied up in assets that I worry about at night. Part of
       | me just wants to liquidate a lot of things and move into a nice
       | van and tour the country.
        
         | finnthehuman wrote:
         | I've heard that sentiment quite a bit that life is more
         | interesting when you're just getting by and I agree with it to
         | some extent. There's also an element of aging out of it. I'm
         | saving so aggressively that my budget is tighter than when I
         | was just starting out and renting a room at a stereotypical
         | recent-grad party house, but my life is a lot more quiet and
         | boring these days.
         | 
         | I've had a few friends go van life. Some went in head first,
         | but you can always buy the van and just use it for
         | weekends/holidays to see how deep you want to go.
        
       | ckemere wrote:
       | It's really interesting to read this and think about public
       | policy. As someone on the left of center axis, I often imagine
       | what an efficient government intervention would be. (I suppose a
       | more right-wing person might imagine a charity-based solution?
       | I'm not sure.) In this case, the author (who clearly is skilled
       | as a writer and communicator) indirectly identifies a few "public
       | goods" that I think are worth highlighting:
       | 
       | (1) Efficient public transportation that enables commutes on par
       | with driving (2) Health and dental care (3) Improved
       | policing/security (in the case of the neighborhoods that he
       | describes as scary)
       | 
       | What else?
        
         | flumpcakes wrote:
         | I think those issues (apart from 3) are directly reflections on
         | American society. People don't value better public transport
         | and universal healthcare because they are seen as the
         | antithesis of the "American dream" and the idea that working
         | hard brings you wealth.
         | 
         | Unfortunnately we're not in the 1950s and the uncapped growth
         | isn't a thing any more (outside of cryptocurrencies perhaps).
         | 
         | I expect things to probably get worse. It seems everyone is
         | concentrating on social awareness like trying to get women and
         | black people into more high paying jobs, which is a good thing.
         | However this doesn't actually stop the poverty cycle for the
         | other millions of people (including the aforementioned groups).
         | 
         | I think it requires reframing what social care and living in a
         | society means for meaningful change to happen. I think people
         | need to stop seeing wealth as some entrepreneurial thing they
         | can mine for themselves. This "spirit" doesn't improve anyone
         | else's lives, Apart from the select charities and issues they
         | choose to support which aligns with their own social agenda.
         | 
         | I do believe a billionaire shouldn't exist. Or a half a
         | billionaire. That kind of wealth doesn't solve any issues for
         | real people. A wealth tax on the ultra wealthy to pay something
         | towards a healthcare for all (like most western countries have
         | already) might help people though.
        
       | fellowniusmonk wrote:
       | I started working full time right after I turned 15.
       | 
       | My family had always flirted with extreme poverty. At one point
       | all 6 of us lived in a tiny gulfstream on the back property of a
       | church for 6 months. We had to carry our waste out in buckets. We
       | got kicked out of section 8 housing by the sheriffs department.
       | This was while living in a combination of DC, or the VA side.
       | 
       | My mother was diagnosed with cancer (which took her life 7 years
       | later) when we didn't have insurance and my dad stopped getting
       | out of bed.
       | 
       | Because of pre-existing condition laws at the time she was unable
       | to get insurance outside of state medicare.
       | 
       | My very religious parents best option was to divorce so my dad's
       | income wouldn't effect her status, they declined.
       | 
       | The summer after I turned 15 I worked my first 40 hour week (over
       | a weekend) running networking cable and doing admin for a local
       | medical home equipment company. I transitioned from small
       | business network admin to SEO and "New Media" and on to become a
       | developer.
       | 
       | I paid for rent and food for my family, anything I didn't spend
       | on work clothes or essentials was taken by them each month. I
       | didn't have a car.
       | 
       | I spent 1 semester in college and couldn't afford it, I couldn't
       | afford not to make money and I lived in an active construction
       | site, just a mattress on subfloor in a gutted husk. I was born
       | with a couple heart defects that cost me thousands each year at a
       | minimum, until ACA I could not get personal insurance and had to
       | get company insurance.
       | 
       | I have started companies and done well for myself but the lack of
       | access to capital, the lack of network opportunities meant I have
       | had to scrap far harder than people can understand.
       | 
       | I've had to fake coming from a position of security my whole life
       | just to have more leverage in negotiating. I've had to learn to
       | code switch in ways people don't understand. I learned this all
       | after my first (illegal) W2 job took maximum value from me and
       | payed me a third of what my role, responsibility and output would
       | have earned as an adult.
       | 
       | People who make it don't appreciate how lucky they had to get,
       | people that have parents that aren't a net financial burden can't
       | understand what that weight around your neck is like, people are
       | far luckier than they appreciate.
       | 
       | Lack of access to capital, having to constantly bootstrap without
       | any kind of family or other safety net, having no home to go home
       | to is something most people don't understand.
        
       | nickelcitymario wrote:
       | I completely relate to this. I was raised in a middle-class
       | family. My parents worked their way through school. Our first
       | homes were in social housing (or co-ops... I honestly have no
       | idea whether they were publicly funded or not). Then a tiny
       | apartment. Then a house in a tiny town way up north -- the only
       | place they could both find work.
       | 
       | It paid off for them. They retired comfortably. But it took a lot
       | of work to get there.
       | 
       | I took every advantage for granted and didn't leverage any of it.
       | Didn't go to school, didn't develop my social network. Had kids
       | in my early 20s. By the time I realized I was poor (and broke!),
       | I was way over my head and working near-minimum-wage jobs. It
       | just caught me off guard.
       | 
       | But once my kids showed up, I realized I needed to do better and
       | changed things. I'm pushing 40 and have finally reached the point
       | where I've cross the income threshold. I'm still not rich, and
       | I've got money problems like everyone else, but I'm no longer
       | wondering if I can pay my utilities bill. I have a mortgage, not
       | rent. I have a reasonably decent vehicle that I can afford to
       | take to a mechanic twice a year for basic maintenance.
       | 
       | And the result is that life is WAY less stressful. I rarely worry
       | about the basic necessities anymore, and instead get to worry
       | about the future, like whether my kids will be able to go to
       | college. But it was a struggle and a half to get to this point.
       | (Even buying a house was only viable because it was cheaper than
       | renting a place big enough for my whole family. It required some
       | financial ninjutsu to pull off.)
       | 
       | That small house and a Toyota Corolla? Absolutely freaking
       | outstanding.
       | 
       | Now I get to complain about things like "I really don't feel like
       | going to work today" instead of "I really don't have gas money to
       | make it to work today".
       | 
       | TL;DR: I experienced both a lower and middle class childhood,
       | then due entirely to my own life choices, experienced both of
       | them all over again. I agree with the author. There really is a
       | threshold, a tipping point, when it comes to income. Below that
       | threshold, it feels like the entire economy is against you. Above
       | that threshold, I wouldn't say the economy is working FOR me, but
       | I at least feel like I'm a part of it.
        
       | carapace wrote:
       | Good luck can cover for bad decision making, but good decision
       | making can't cover bad luck. You can mitigate but Murphy will
       | have his due.
       | 
       | - - - -
       | 
       | > That's the drop-off you experience at the lower price levels -
       | there's nothing between "This is a tiny but acceptable apartment"
       | and "Slum apartments in stab-ville".
       | 
       | This is more-or-less by design. It's what keeps people from
       | "going native". (Literally, at least in the USA. We wouldn't even
       | let the natives go native! Made them put their kids in our
       | schools, wear our clothes, style their hair our way, and speak
       | only our language. It was pretty fucked up. The open secret is
       | that whites who got kidnapped by Indians and lived among them for
       | a while tended to like it.[1] As in, they refused to go back to
       | town or the farm. I'm not trying to say that the Native
       | lifestyles and cultures didn't have problems, I'm saying that
       | they had fewer problems than the European newcomers. For example:
       | no homelessness. It wasn't until after the Europeans arrived that
       | a man or woman in North America could become destitute.)
       | 
       | The give-away is the objection, "But who will pick up the
       | garbage?", when one brings up the idea of a post-scarcity Utopia.
       | 
       | If there wasn't the specter of homelessness, we couldn't get
       | anyone to haul our trash for us. That's the unstated assumption
       | behind that objection. It's pretty ugly: "We need a lower class
       | that can be kept in line with the threat of homelessness,
       | vagrancy, and prison to supply cheap labor to do the things we
       | don't want to do ourselves."
       | 
       | The obvious solution, don't have trash in the first place,
       | doesn't get air time.
       | 
       | (But think it through: there is no such thing as trash or waste
       | in Nature. The very concept of "trash" is human mental
       | construction. There are plastics that biodegrade... etc.)
       | 
       | [1] "An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States",
       | Dunbar-Ortiz https://www.zinnedproject.org/materials/indigenous-
       | peoples-h...
        
       | fallingfrog wrote:
       | The whole car section brings back memories of when I used to
       | drive a car with one flat tire, but I would pump it up with a
       | foot pump on the way out every morning and it would stay inflated
       | just long enough to get to work, then the same on the way back. I
       | used to get stressed out waiting at red lights, thinking, that
       | air is leaking out..
        
         | aembleton wrote:
         | I remember my first car having an oil leak as well as a bunch
         | of other problems. During the winter I used to commute, 30 mins
         | each way without any oil. It was just about cold enough that it
         | could make it.
         | 
         | I didn't get it fixed because I was putting money together to
         | buy a newer car that didn't leak. Worked out in the end.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | nchelluri wrote:
       | I read about half of this post and I've paused there. It screams
       | to me "Let's have a Universal Basic Income" already.
       | 
       | > And one day your wife calls you and tells you the water is off,
       | and there's nothing you can do; maybe some family member can help
       | you out, or maybe you live without utilities for a week or so
       | until you get paid and start the next pay cycle that much more
       | behind.
       | 
       | These are people with children we are talking about. Why can't
       | there be simple equity for these beings who are facing their
       | demise through no fault of their own? Like seriously, WTF?
       | 
       | I want to support:
       | 
       | - sustainable electronics
       | 
       | - living wages
       | 
       | - right to repair
       | 
       | - removal of slave labor from any supply chain I am involved in
       | 
       | What do I have to do to make this happen?
       | 
       | --
       | 
       | > When I'm trying to explain to my sons how a company decides
       | what to pay someone, it usually goes something like this: A
       | company is looking to pay a person as little as they can and keep
       | them, so a person's pay is determined by how rare their skills
       | are and how much demand there is for those skills.
       | 
       | > [...]
       | 
       | > This isn't evil on anyone's part, and you shouldn't feel bad
       | about it - I've made a lot of choices in my life that led to this
       | point and I have a lot of responsibility in terms of where I find
       | myself.
       | 
       | _Yes it is evil._ I'm sure we cannot exist as a fundamentally
       | secure, sane, healthy, fair, equitable, respectful, productive,
       | diverse, healthy, robust society until this rot is done away with
       | once and for all.
        
         | aembleton wrote:
         | > What do I have to do to make this happen?
         | 
         | Choose one of those and focus on it. Make a campaign around it,
         | create a Facebook group. Study the topic and argue for it and
         | finally try and get elected to make a change.
        
         | woofcat wrote:
         | >It screams to me "Let's have a Universal Basic Income"
         | already.
         | 
         | I don't think people want poor people to exist. However no-one
         | has solved the supply side of "Give everyone free money". Every
         | time I ask if someone has actually figured out how to do this
         | that isn't 3-4 times the current Federal Budget you get a bunch
         | of hand waving.
         | 
         | Handing everyone $10,000/year (not even UBI levels) requires
         | gathering $10,000/year in either service cuts, or increased
         | taxation.
         | 
         | Even if we presume everyone over the poverty line gets $10,000
         | added to their taxes to cancel the benefit out. That still
         | leaves us with a $10,000 hole for every person under the
         | poverty line.
         | 
         | 12.5% of American's live below the poverty line. That's
         | 41,025,000 people. Which is an insane number. The $10,000 a
         | year would be around $410 billion per year.
         | 
         | So if America eliminated the Military budget, they could pay
         | for $10,000 to each person below the poverty line... however
         | odds are laying off 70% of the Military would result in more
         | people living below the poverty line.
         | 
         | It's possible, however no-one wants to highlight what 410
         | billion dollars a year can be cut from a budget, or who wants
         | to pay 410 billion dollars a year in extra taxes.. additionally
         | that number is based on a _very_ low amount of $10,000. If you
         | wanted to hand out top ups to the poverty line in America it
         | would cost even more money.
        
       | simonh wrote:
       | A while ago I read about a study that surveyed people with
       | inherited wealth. IIRC they ranged from having inherited tens to
       | hundreds of millions. No matter how much they had inherited, when
       | asked how much they would need to have inherited to feel
       | financially secure and not have to worry about money, they said
       | they would need something like half again to double.
       | 
       | I may be misremembering the details, but that was the gist of it
       | but I couldn't find the article again. I suppose expectations
       | scale up with means.
       | 
       | On the other hand discovering people they know are actually very
       | wealthy seems to have a massive negative effect on people's
       | levels of empathy. Wealthy people who have suffered bereavement
       | or personal tragedy report people who are less wealthy than
       | themselves rarely offer sympathy and they often get comments
       | along the lines of 'knowing what it's like for the rest of us
       | now', or 'what it's like to have a problem you can't buy your way
       | out of'.
        
         | deepstack wrote:
         | It is never about how much money you have, rather what
         | situation you are in, what you are expecting and what others
         | around you have.
        
           | em500 wrote:
           | Yes, according to one of my old economics teachers, above the
           | subsistence level, happiness is approximately how much better
           | off you are than your neighbors.
        
             | skohan wrote:
             | If you choose to play that game. In my experience focusing
             | on what you need to be happy and ignoring your neighbors is
             | a better recipe for happiness and a whole lot cheaper.
        
               | boston_clone wrote:
               | A quote about personal happiness that has lived with me
               | for some time: "comparison is the thief of joy"
        
             | sethammons wrote:
             | Growing up poor and now being more well off than most of
             | our community is actually a source of stress for my wife
             | and I.
        
           | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
           | I wonder how much of that is innate rather than being driven
           | by consumerist propaganda though. Do I really want a new car
           | because the Jones's next door have one, or because
           | advertising makes me feel somehow inadequate because I don't
           | have one?
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | I think advertising has a role but it's amplifying an
             | existing cultural value rather than creating one. A culture
             | which conceives of itself as capitalist naturally
             | encourages thinking of wealth as your score and at least in
             | the U.S. we lack much counter pressure pushing other values
             | as equally important. Even things like religions which
             | discourage this have been distorted to fit, as anyone who's
             | ever seen a prosperity gospel believer try to talk their
             | way around the clear meaning of the needle's eye parable
             | can attest.
             | 
             | I think this comes back to basic primate social dynamics.
             | We evolved tracking our social standing relative to others
             | and wealth is pretty easy to compare. Advertising
             | exacerbates that tendency but I don't think there's any way
             | to get rid of it with standard issue humans.
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | Yep!
           | 
           | As someone from a former socialist country, I can confirm.
           | 
           | Situation has got a lot better in the last ~30 years, people
           | have alot more, but since a few people got even more than
           | that, some complain a lot. Average worker family has gone
           | from bicicyles and maybe one yugo (or a "fico" - even
           | smaller/cheaper) to two, maybe three european-mid-range cars
           | + all the modern extras, but are not happy, because their
           | neighbor has as 100kEUR mercedes.
        
             | tonyedgecombe wrote:
             | _Comparison is the thief of joy._
             | 
             | Theodore Roosevelt
        
             | chii wrote:
             | it makes some evolutionary sense tho - because objective
             | wellbeing is only part of the competition. Relative
             | wellbeing is what "counts" for real, esp. when competing
             | for scarce resources.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | Well, this is ok when you work more, to get more for
               | yourself...
               | 
               | ...out here, people want their neighbours to have less.
        
             | fogihujy wrote:
             | There's a local saying that in Finland, people would prefer
             | paying EUR100 to the neighbour getting paid EUR50. I take
             | it that's true elsewhere too? :)
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | Here it's "let my cow die, just if two of neighbours'
               | die"
               | 
               | But yeah... we earn relatively little (compared to you),
               | and have better cars than most of the northern europe...
               | most of them on long year loans... It's not rare to see
               | an (eg.) BMW X7 owner at a gas station pump 9.85eur of
               | gas, than slowly fondle the pump handle, because he only
               | has 10eur for gas. The neighbors see the car, not the
               | amount of gas inside :)
               | 
               | Also a lot of "not in my back yard" behaviour.
        
               | fogihujy wrote:
               | It sounds like the basic idea is the same; perceived
               | relative status is more important than actual status,
               | though the details obviously differ.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | > they would need to have inherited to feel financially secure
         | 
         | It seems ridiculous to most of us, but I can see how it
         | happens. I grew up pretty poor - my father was a police officer
         | and my mother didn't work because she had to watch the four of
         | us. But I graduated with a degree in CS in '95 (if you're
         | thinking about graduating with a degree in CS, try to do it in
         | '95 because that may be the best possible year to do it) and am
         | much better off financially now than my family was when I was
         | growing up. Still, I keep worrying about my kids: I can pay to
         | send them to college, but I can't afford, say Harvard or MIT. I
         | have to keep reminding myself that they're far better off than
         | I was at that age and I managed to turn out OK - I think part
         | of it is that I end up comparing my situation with the people
         | around me, many of whom are far better off than I am.
        
           | tangjurine wrote:
           | The average software engineer makes around 100k. If you have
           | been working for 20+ years, has it been difficult for you to
           | save up enough money for college?
        
             | labcomputer wrote:
             | I would argue that it's hard to save enough for college at
             | _any_ income, due to need-based financial aid (aka perfect
             | price discrimination by ogopolists). Most need-based
             | systems take into account parents ' income and college
             | savings, and children of software engineers in particular
             | are going to be near the part of the curve where that
             | starts to bite.
             | 
             | I randomly chose Princeton's financial aid calculator
             | because it was close to the top of Google. For a family
             | with two working parents, two kids (one entering college),
             | and $250k in home equity in Illinois (the middle of the
             | USA):
             | 
             | * For a $100k/year SWE + a $25k/year something else and no
             | college savings the expected family contribution is
             | $30k/year
             | 
             | * The same family with $250k saved in a 529 college savings
             | plan is $45k/year
             | 
             | * For a $125k/year SWE + a $50k/year something else and no
             | college savings the expected contribution is $50k/year
             | 
             | * The same family with $250k saved in a 529 college savings
             | plan is $66k/year
             | 
             | * The same family with $450k in home equity is expected to
             | pay $75k/year (I guess you're expected to take out a home
             | equity loan to pay for college).
             | 
             | * Make the family renters with $50k/year income (30k+20k),
             | and their contribution drops to $4.4k/year.
             | 
             | The point is: The more you save, the more you _need_ to
             | save. And the more you make, the more you _need_ to make.
             | 
             | That's not to say need-based tuition is bad policy. But, it
             | does mean that "surely it's easy to pay for college with
             | _your_ level of income " doesn't really come into play
             | until you reach the top 1-2% of income.
             | 
             | Everyone below that is going to have their tuition adjusted
             | to make the out of pocket cost painful but bearable, and
             | the average SWE isn't a 1%-er.
        
             | commandlinefan wrote:
             | > save up enough money for college
             | 
             | Depends on the college. MIT says to expect to spend ~
             | $70K/year. $100K * 20 years = 2 million. Two kids * 4 years
             | = $560K. That's a little over 1/4 (before taxes). So yes,
             | it would have been difficult to save up that much money. I
             | have enough to send them both to a public in-state school
             | debt-free, but not an elite private school.
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | What in gods name could they be spending $70k a year on?!
               | They hire a private teacher for every student?
        
               | ip26 wrote:
               | I don't know MIT but my first reaction is that number
               | probably does include room & board, which in a college
               | town might be $20k a year.
               | 
               | $50k a year in tuition is still not a bargain, of course.
        
               | VLM wrote:
               | My kids are getting to college age and its worth
               | considering that MIT has 11376 students whereas google
               | claims there are 19.6 million college students in the USA
               | at this time. So if distributed purely randomly, in the
               | "everyone MUST go to college" USA, something like 99.942%
               | of kids will not be paying MIT tuition.
               | 
               | Another thing to consider is if you're investing $280K in
               | the MIT brand, do they offer any bachelors degrees worth
               | $280K other than maybe CS and pre-med?
        
             | hcho wrote:
             | Not during at least three quarters of the mentioned period
             | and not for every location even today.
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | > I suppose expectations scale up with means.
         | 
         | Isn't that social pressure? No matter how much you start with,
         | if you end up with less than that, people see you as a failure.
         | A person who inherits 10 million dollars and is afraid of going
         | down to 1 million isn't as much afraid of selling his yacht as
         | he's afraid of what his peers would think of him.
        
           | rrdharan wrote:
           | I know it doesn't matter much but just to ground these
           | numbers a bit - anyone owning or trying to own a yacht with
           | "only" $10M is indeed heading towards $1M very quick.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | Upper middle class know-it-alls sneer at the bad financial
             | decisions of the guy living in the double wide with a brand
             | new corvette in the driveway while the lower middle class
             | looks up to his efficiency and prioritization.
             | 
             | A yacht is the same thing with the decimal moved a couple
             | places. If your income is fat enough to give you 10m in the
             | bank then you can definitely own a yacht so long as you
             | don't mind living in the kind of neighborhood where your
             | neighbors are plumbers instead of surgeons.
        
               | rrdharan wrote:
               | There is a distinction between a yacht (generally > 35
               | feet, needs a full crew) and just a boat:
               | 
               | https://www.tessllc.us/whats-the-difference-between-a-
               | yacht-...
        
               | leetcrew wrote:
               | yes, but only in a rough sense. the ratio of maintenance
               | cost to purchase price is much higher for a yacht (or
               | really any boat) than for a mass produced car like a
               | corvette. if you can afford to buy/finance a corvette,
               | you can usually afford to drive it too. the same is not
               | true for any boat larger than a canoe. there is a reason
               | for the old joke about a boat being merely "a hole in the
               | water that you throw money into".
        
         | genedan wrote:
         | As I become more wealthy, I have started to tackle problems
         | that I never really thought about when I wasn't as well off,
         | things that cropped up when I thought I'd finally have peace of
         | mind. In retrospect, the insecurity was always there, but I had
         | the luxury of ignoring it when I was poorer.
         | 
         | Once I started making enough not to worry about rent, the
         | problem was then saving enough for things like retirement,
         | setting up tuition funds for the family, etc. Now the problem
         | is managing my mix of investments and having a big enough pad
         | to insulate myself from the occasional recession. But, I think
         | even if my net worth were to triple there isn't really anything
         | I can do to avoid a great depression-level economic
         | catastrophe. Beyond that, I know not what money problems people
         | with eight or nine figure net worths are scared of but I would
         | assume if I ever made it that far the anxiety won't go away.
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | If you have a reasonable level of wealth invested in a
           | diverse range of products you really don't have much to fear
           | from a great depression.
           | 
           | A brutal and unfair characteristic of recessions is that the
           | pain is very unevenly distributed. I've lived through several
           | severe recessions here in the Uk and myself and my family
           | were fine because we had comfortable jobs and incomes. Our
           | house prices didn't appreciate as much and our wages were
           | stagnant for a while, but we were fine. The pain falls on
           | people who lose their incomes, lose their investments and
           | come out of college with no jobs to chase.
           | 
           | I'm in no way diminishing the real hardship that these events
           | cause, it sucks.
        
           | spaetzleesser wrote:
           | Just remember that your anxieties are child's play compared
           | to the anxieties of people worrying every day about paying
           | for their place to live, food or health care. These worries
           | are tally different.
        
             | seneca wrote:
             | This kind of dismissive attitude toward peoples' problems
             | is unhelpful. Following your line of reasoning, there are
             | people with crippling diseases in the world. People
             | worrying about a place to live etc should remember that
             | their problems are child's play compared to theirs. And
             | those people should remember their problems are child's
             | play compared to someone being targeted by genocide.
             | 
             | There are nearly 8 billion people in the world. You can
             | always find someone worse off, that doesn't mean people are
             | undeserving of empathy if they aren't the one single worse
             | off human being. This sort of worst-off competition is
             | dehumanizing.
        
               | objektif wrote:
               | That is really a terrible argument. I am sorry but I am
               | not going to feel sorry about you just because you are
               | stressed about which crazy expensive private school your
               | kids should go to. It is not really a worst-off
               | competition it is just that at absolute level of
               | suffering your issues are ignorable.
        
               | seneca wrote:
               | > it is just that at absolute level of suffering your
               | issues are ignorable.
               | 
               | I'm curious, how do you go about establishing that level?
               | Do you think it's really absolute, rather than relative
               | to the stressors the observer feels? In reality, I think
               | that's how most people actually operate. Something
               | (extremely roughly) along the lines of: T >= O, where T
               | is suffering of the target and O is suffering of the
               | observer, results in empathy.
               | 
               | That gets caught up in the fact that suffering is more
               | about perception, and is itself relative. So maybe we
               | have to say both are level of suffering as perceived by
               | the observer.
               | 
               | Something along the lines of "if I perceive you as
               | suffering more than I do, I can have empathy for you".
               | For what it's worth, I think this gets at the heart of
               | the difference between sympathy (largely pity) and
               | empathy more generally.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | People out there having bigger problems does not diminish
             | your own. To me, getting my children into a good public
             | school is a current problem which is giving me anxiety.
             | Someone saying "that's not really a problem, at least you
             | can afford to feed your kids" doesn't come off as helpful
             | or ease my concerns.
             | 
             | Similarly, billions of poor people in developing countries
             | would kill to swap places with the poorest American, but
             | that doesn't mean the latter has a good life.
        
               | Nemi wrote:
               | I once read something that resonated with me (though I
               | can't remember where), in essence that everyone has a
               | default level of stress and anxiety that they feel (a
               | "stress bubble" if you will), and it does not matter so
               | much what your particular life situation is, you tend to
               | fill up the "bubble" with whatever is going on in your
               | life at the time. The idea is that you feel the same
               | amount of stress as a teenager with your social issues as
               | you do as a successful adult with more than enough money
               | to live comfortably.
               | 
               | This really impacted me because I definitely came from a
               | poor-ish background where I lived month to month and only
               | thought about paying rent and whatnot. I then went to
               | community college at 29 to give myself a chance at
               | something else and then ended up making well into 6
               | figures having worked up to a director of a software
               | company (unheard of in my social circle growing up).
               | 
               | At the time that I read this I remember feeling just as
               | stressed about work things and family issues as I was
               | when I didn't have health care and could barely pay my
               | rent. Looking back, I remembered that I would feel just
               | the same way about friend issues as a teenager when that
               | was my whole world - something I would now scoff at as
               | unimportant and incidental. It helped me realize that a
               | lot of my stress levels were "baked in" to me - but that
               | also meant I could affect my stress levels by being aware
               | of my bubble.
               | 
               | Now when I am feeling stress about my financial portfolio
               | or my kids getting proper education during the pandemic,
               | I make a conscious effort to compare it to the helpless
               | feeling I had when I made no money and felt powerless and
               | that allows me to shrink my stress bubble. I also
               | empathize much more with my kids and when they are
               | stressing about something that my adult self realizes is
               | not consequential. I remember that this is just them
               | "filling their bubble" and to them it is just as
               | important as the things I am dealing with. It also makes
               | me appreciate those people who have a naturally small
               | bubble and realize that that is also often a factor in
               | their success (e.g., though I don't know Elon Musk, I can
               | imagine that he has a naturally small stress bubble that
               | allows him to drive so hard for success).
               | 
               | This is not to criticize you in any way, on the contrary,
               | I agree with you 100%. But it is an empowering way of
               | looking at your life.
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | The thing is, humans can't sense a constant velocity, we can
         | only sense change. People always want more. Some people get
         | addicted to the feeling of more and then a constant velocity
         | actually feels like they are losing something. It's even
         | possible to get addicted to the second derivative, ie. your
         | upgrades getting bigger and more frequent. It's impossible to
         | talk to people objectively about how good their life is because
         | you just don't know what they are used to.
         | 
         | In all cases people struggle because they've absorbed things
         | into their life that they now consider essential. The things
         | you own end up owning you.
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | This study maybe true. But there are levels of poverty where
         | people don't just have a subjective desire to have more money
         | but have real hard worries about paying for food, health care
         | or a place to live. That's totally different from people
         | wanting a nicer car or nicer house and way more psychologically
         | stressful.
         | 
         | The lack of empathy for the wealthy goes both ways. The wealthy
         | traditionally haven't had much empathy for people with less
         | money so it's not too surprising that people with less money
         | don't have much empathy for them. It makes me really angry when
         | I see multimillionaires in the news warning about the risks
         | raising the minimum wage. It's actually pretty sad.
        
         | cafard wrote:
         | One thing I learned as a parent is that kids always compare up
         | the wealth scale, never down. I'm sure my parents noticed that,
         | too.
         | 
         | I've never heard about the negative effect on levels of
         | empathy. I suspect that it is unusual for people to have
         | friends far poorer or richer, and it is easy to be dismissive
         | of the problems of those one does not know.
        
         | brianmcc wrote:
         | There's this in The Atlantic:
         | https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/12/rich-peop...
         | 
         |  _"All the way up the income-wealth spectrum," Norton told me,
         | "basically everyone says [they'd need] two or three times as
         | much" to be perfectly happy._
         | 
         | It references this study:
         | https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=53540
        
           | skohan wrote:
           | Maybe it's because I grew up in a frugal household, but I
           | have basically never felt like I needed more money since
           | properly starting my career.
           | 
           | I mean it helps that I have tended to live in lower COL
           | cities, but I have always saved a sufficient portion of my
           | income, and I have never had the feeling that I want to buy
           | something or travel somewhere and I can't because I can't
           | afford it.
           | 
           | I don't fly first class, and I rarely stay in luxury
           | accommodation, but those things just don't matter to me,
           | especially compared to the freedom of always having extra
           | money.
           | 
           | I feel like this is such a relaxing way to live, and I have
           | never understood the lifestyle treadmill or conspicuous
           | consumption.
        
             | debo_ wrote:
             | I've observed that brushes with mortality or ill-health can
             | also quickly alter one's perspective. Once one gets the
             | perception that there's a threat of being physically unable
             | to work for much longer, I think the drive to have an
             | increasingly large "safety net" can become very strong.
        
               | symlinkk wrote:
               | Or, you'll realize that you could die at any moment, so
               | you might as well enjoy your money while you have it.
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | Or you realize you may not die at any moment and find
               | yourself too old or infirm to earn enough support
               | yourself and you need to not enjoy the money now so you
               | might be able to scrape by later.
        
               | debo_ wrote:
               | Death is one thing; a long life of fragility is another.
               | The latter costs more, and I think can cause some people
               | to suddenly look much differently at their wealth.
        
             | leetcrew wrote:
             | depends on your goals. I don't worry for myself. I save
             | about half of my take-home (and I don't make an SV salary).
             | unless the bottom falls out of the software market
             | completely, I'll be fine. I do worry for my friends and my
             | young cousins who haven't yet found their path in life.
             | it's not my responsibility to do so, but I won't have
             | "enough" until I can protect them too.
        
             | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
             | Yeah, I pretty much ignore my bank balance and autopay my
             | bills and mortgage and never have to think much about
             | money. By the apparent standards of SV techs I'm well below
             | the poverty line. I find it difficult to empathize with
             | them.
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | Never having to think about money is an incredibly
               | privileged position though. That's true regardless of
               | your standard of living.
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | Thanks, that's the one. I suspected I was under-shooting the
           | multiple.
        
             | brianmcc wrote:
             | I remember reading it initially some time ago - and
             | visiting it anew I'm surprised how _high_ the multiple is.
             | In my head it was  "10% - 25% higher".
             | 
             | My personal hunch is too many of us "shoot just too high"
             | in terms of what we can afford, be it housing, cars,
             | whatever.
             | 
             | Granted there are plenty of disciplined individuals and
             | families out there and it's certainly not impossible to
             | live within one's means.
             | 
             | But human nature is what it is - why "settle" for a
             | $400,000 home when the bank will give you a mortgage for
             | $500,000? Why settle for a Ford, VW or Toyota when the car
             | finance payment for a BMW or Merc are just a little bit
             | higher each month?
             | 
             | There's definitely a status thing goes on too...
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | Interesting. I'm solidly upper-middle-class (typical income
           | for this forum, I imagine). I don't think doubling my net
           | worth would make me much happier or financially more secure.
           | It would allow a new Tesla instead of a used BMW. And flying
           | business class for vacation. With the state of health
           | care/insurance in the US, despite being a ridiculous amount
           | of money by most measures, it wouldn't allow me to retire in
           | the 50s or remove the concern that I'm one bad car accident
           | or cancer scare away from financial ruin.
        
             | cableshaft wrote:
             | Yep, the US healthcare system basically means you have to
             | be a multimillionaire when you've retired if you want to
             | have any semblance of a comfortable retirement, because any
             | serious injury or health issue (which will happen at some
             | point) will do a damn good job of sucking up most or all of
             | that money away super fast.
             | 
             | If you're younger at least you might get lucky with
             | GoFundMe "insurance", but that requires your story being
             | sad or unusual enough to go viral, or you have a large
             | family and friends network (starting a donation campaign on
             | GoFundMe.com, what just about every American has to rely on
             | for serious health expenses nowadays). If you're old you're
             | probably not going to be pulling at enough heart strings to
             | rely on this, though.
        
               | mikem170 wrote:
               | > Yep, the US healthcare system basically means you have
               | to be a multimillionaire when you've retired
               | 
               | That's just not true. Everyone qualifies for Medicare
               | when they are 65 years old. An extra $150/month gets you
               | supplemental insurance, with a lower deductable than many
               | work plans.
               | 
               | Also, and this is significant, medical bills can't
               | collect against retirement accounts. The law is that they
               | can't touch it. Same with your house and car. You can
               | have $10k, $100k, or a million dollars in a 401k, an ira,
               | or a roth, and withdraw it as you need it, to supplement
               | your social security income.
        
               | cableshaft wrote:
               | After doing the math, it's looking like my rough estimate
               | was a little high, but I suspect the numbers I'm about to
               | share is higher than you're thinking.
               | 
               | Sure, they qualify for Medicare, but that doesn't mean
               | they won't be still be spending serious money on
               | healthcare. According to CNBC, if you were retiring in
               | 2019, as a couple _in good health_ you 'll need on
               | average of $390,000[1]. That assumes you're on Medicare
               | as well. I'm guessing most people here are about 35 years
               | old or younger, so not eligible for Medicare for at least
               | another 30 years.
               | 
               | If I assume 2.5% inflation over the next 30 years (the
               | default given in the following link[2]), that $390k in
               | 2019 becomes $860k in 2051.
               | 
               | Granted that seems to be the average, and there will be
               | people with less expenses. But that's just healthcare.
               | While you'll probably own your home outright by then,
               | there's the eventual assisted living that might be in
               | your future as well, which already can cost up to
               | $1500-4000 a month _today_ (with monthly expenses another
               | $2k+)[3], let alone 40-50 years from now. Although I
               | suspect some people help pay for that by selling their
               | homes at that point.
               | 
               | So okay, maybe you don't need to be a multi-millionaire
               | when you retire to be comfortable, but you probably
               | should try to be a millionaire, at least you and your
               | spouse together (assuming you're going to have one).
               | 
               | One thing I didn't take into account was Social Security,
               | which assuming it's still around in 2050 that will offset
               | some of this. I do have a bad habit of assuming Social
               | Security is going to be either severely nerfed or fall
               | apart by the time I retire, so I tend not to account for
               | it in my retirement planning. Maybe you could knock off
               | $300k thanks to Social Security checks, I don't know and
               | don't have time to dig further.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.cnbc.com/2019/07/18/retiring-this-year-
               | how-much-...
               | 
               | [2] https://smartasset.com/investing/inflation-calculator
               | 
               | [3] https://www.assistedliving.org/the-average-cost-of-
               | senior-li...
        
               | burntoutfire wrote:
               | So how come I keep hearing that a significant portion of
               | homeless in the US have lost their houses in a medical-
               | event-realted bankruptcy?
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | Retirees qualify for nationalized health insurance. In
               | theory, those 65+ would be mostly immune for health-
               | related bankruptcy (although co-pays/deductibles can
               | still be problematic).
               | 
               | Anybody younger has to pay for health care out of pocket
               | or buy insurance. The cost of paying OOP is exorbitant.
               | Even buying insurance on the open market is outrageously
               | expensive. In either case, major medical issues can
               | easily escalate to be financially disastrous.
               | 
               | Edit - in my original post, I stated doubling my net
               | worth (or income or whatever) wouldn't allow me to retire
               | in my 50s due to potential medical costs. This is what I
               | mean - even with a few million in the bank, retirement
               | isn't feasible due to the cost of buying healthcare in
               | the US.
               | 
               | I had this conversation with an uncle who lives in
               | Scotland. He didn't understand why my dad was still
               | working (at age 60). Medical insurance was the only
               | reason. As soon as he got Medicare, he retired.
        
               | mikem170 wrote:
               | For the benefit of others who may be reading I'll mention
               | a couple of other programs...
               | 
               | There's Medicaid, the federally funded healthcare program
               | for the poor. It is free. As a single person there are
               | really low limits on how much assets and income you can
               | have and qualify. Kids are more easily qualified, even if
               | there parents may not be. Doctor choice is limited, there
               | are lines, etc.
               | 
               | There's also the VA, available for veterans. I'm not sure
               | of the rules around this. But those qualified get free
               | care.
               | 
               | Throughout the country hospitals are supposed to patch up
               | anyone who shows up with an emergency. The patient will
               | get a bill after, but they won't be left to bleed to
               | death. This doesn't help with slowly developing problems,
               | though.
               | 
               | Beyond these free programs, (and Medicare for retired
               | folks, talked about earlier), there's also Obamacare,
               | which subsidizes medical coverage for those making too
               | much to qualify for Medicaid. Someone working full time
               | for minimum wage and making $14k per year (which is
               | enough to rent a room and have a junk car), might end up
               | with a subsidized plan having a $6k+ deductable (which
               | they don't have!), someone making double that (enough for
               | an inexpensive apartment and a used car) would pay $175 a
               | month for the same plan. Obamacare details vary by state.
               | 
               | People with jobs making more than the above often have
               | health care offered through work, and no longer qualify
               | for Obamacare plans. At the low end these plans may not
               | be as good as the Obamacare plans. Typically these plans
               | might cost the employee $100-$200/month and up if there
               | are multiple plans to choose from (the employer may be
               | contributing 2-5x that, depending on the job), and have a
               | deductable of several thousand dollars, with yearly exams
               | and routine screening included for free. The problem
               | becomes that you have to pay for everything else up to
               | your deductable, then costs are shared up to a max limit
               | perhaps $15k, then the plan covers all costs for all
               | covered care. The deductable and maximum double for
               | family plans.
               | 
               | One big problem with all the plans with deductables is
               | that it is near impossible to find out what anything non-
               | trivial will cost, which is discouraging when you have to
               | pay some of these costs.
               | 
               | Government employees typically have the best plans,
               | similar to what the average white collar worker had 20-30
               | years ago. Small copayments instead of large deductables.
               | These plans were phased out by most private employers
               | because they were too expensive, for both employers and
               | most employees.
        
               | mikem170 wrote:
               | I would guess the typical example of this might be a
               | working age person who lived paycheck to paycheck then
               | had a non-trivial medical issue to deal with. They may
               | have already had other house/car/student/credit-card
               | debt. The medical problem may have interfered with their
               | ability to work. They may qualify for other free-care
               | programs after they burn through all their savings.
               | 
               | (That's where putting those savings in retirement
               | accounts would have helped, but with few exceptions you
               | can't access that money before the age of about 60, and
               | also remember that it's a borrow and spend culture here,
               | not saving for a rainy day.)
               | 
               | The best one could say is that bankruptcy is a way to get
               | a clean slate, wiping out prior debts, and to be sure
               | that the homeless statistic you are looking at doesn't
               | count those who moved back in with family as homeless
               | (some do).
               | 
               | The worst one can say is that the system is optimized to
               | extract as much money as possible form as many people as
               | possible...
        
               | tangjurine wrote:
               | What about private insurance?
        
               | castlecrasher2 wrote:
               | This is patently false and what mikem170 says is true. My
               | mother has little-to-no savings and had a serious issue
               | happen where she was in the ICU for a couple weeks and
               | then in a rehabilitation facility for a month and a half,
               | and paid nothing.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | I thought everybody over 65 in the US got free national
               | healthcare?
        
               | schrectacular wrote:
               | They get free national health insurance, but it doesn't
               | cover everything and dealing with the bureaucracy is a
               | non trivial amount of effort. And there are still out of
               | pocket deductibles to pay even with this national
               | coverage. As a result people often purchase supplementary
               | insurance.
        
               | hc-taway wrote:
               | It's the US, so of course "free healthcare" still leaves
               | you with lots of large bills if you actually use any
               | healthcare. Usually one pays for "gap coverage"
               | insurance, running low-hundreds of dollars per person
               | (consider: married couples) to cover things that aren't
               | covered, or are poorly-covered, by Medicare[0] and those
               | _still_ don 't mean you aren't going to have a
               | substantial hospital bill if anything goes wrong (as they
               | usually don't cover 100% of a bill, just like normal US
               | health insurance)
               | 
               | [0] Medicare is our insurance program for old people, and
               | I think also kicks in for those who are disabled at
               | younger ages. Medicaid is the name for our HC program for
               | the very poor. People get these mixed up because the
               | names are so similar. Then of course there's our coverage
               | for the active military and their families (Tricare) and
               | VA healthcare coverage for retired military. And programs
               | for other government employees, and their families. By
               | the time you add it all up, a huge percentage of the US
               | population is already covered by government healthcare
               | schemes, actually, which is reflected in our spending
               | enough on publicly-funded healthcare that we _should_ be
               | able to cover everyone with just that money, if our costs
               | were similar to the rest of the OECD. Instead we still
               | have the costs of private insurance and bills to
               | individuals even when covered by healthcare (these can
               | run into the five figures per year, easily, on top of
               | insurance costs) and, for some of the above, huge
               | expenses in addition to the costs of the government
               | portion of the HC program.
               | 
               | [EDIT] Medicare gap coverage tends to run low-hundreds of
               | dollars per person _per month_ , in case that wasn't
               | clear.
        
               | bzbarsky wrote:
               | Medicare is reasonably cheap (assuming you paid Medicare
               | taxes for at least 7.5 years; if you did not, it's at
               | least $471/month). To be clear, "relatively cheap" is "at
               | least $148.50/month; more if you have more income during
               | retirement".
               | 
               | But past the premiums, there are deductibles, coinsurance
               | (e.g. for hospital stays longer than 60 days), you still
               | have to pay for medicines (how much varies), etc. See
               | https://www.medicare.gov/your-medicare-costs/medicare-
               | costs-... and the links from it for details.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | 1-more wrote:
       | The benefits cliff of health insurance is so real, and those
       | cliffs exist all over the place (an example is in the SUNY system
       | for tuition). Universal programs without means testing seem like
       | such a better way to run things. If you have a somewhat right
       | wing philosophy: it allows the truly exceptional individuals of
       | every cohort to reach their potential. For left wingers: it is
       | giving equally to everyone's shared needs from society as a
       | whole.
        
       | Tade0 wrote:
       | This is such a different experience than being poor-ish in
       | eastern Europe.
       | 
       | I grew up in a below-average household, my SO in outright
       | poverty.
       | 
       | We couldn't afford shool books and clothes other than off brand
       | stuff, her family had to buy appliances like a washing machine or
       | refrigerator used.
       | 
       | The five of us lived in a 45m2(500sq. ft.?) apartment, the four
       | of them in a 25m2 one.
       | 
       | My dad bought his car in 1992 new (back when we were better off),
       | and accumulated less than 140k km over the 23 years he had it,
       | both of her parents didn't have a driving license.
       | 
       | But with all that we could rely on public healthcare,
       | transportation and the areas we lived in were relatively safe.
        
       | pokot0 wrote:
       | European pro life tip: if you make 200.000/yr don't let anyone
       | lend you money. Buy your car cash, no cc debt. Mortgage would be
       | the only exception. I honestly find it crazy how most american
       | are ok with living on someone else money and pay the interests
       | just to have a current year car...
        
         | trynumber9 wrote:
         | Often you can get no interest loans for new cars. In that case,
         | it is cheaper to invest the cash and pay off the loan with less
         | valuable money over the next few years.
         | 
         | Of course the car is still depreciating rapidly so I question
         | the wisdom of buying a current year car at all. But it is
         | comforting to have a newer car covered by warranty.
        
           | pokot0 wrote:
           | Yes, I agree with you. Specifically is the idea of
           | considering the car a monthly cost instead of a capital
           | investment is all in favour of financial and car companies.
           | You will get a new model if your monthly cost does not
           | change. In my experience, all of my cars were a great value
           | if you own and hold onto them for 10 yrs or more (the first
           | 10 years cars need almost 0 maintenance)
        
         | dnautics wrote:
         | is it crazy? If you can get terms on low enough interest rate
         | and long enough time horizon (aka, you're rich) it's not a bad
         | choice because you are (safely) gambling that your earnings
         | potential will go up over time, in both real and nominal terms,
         | letting the cost of the debt decrease over time. Moreover, the
         | opportunity cost of that cash not being invested and used for
         | purchases is real.
        
           | pokot0 wrote:
           | You assume people are investing that money. What I see is
           | people having a lifestyle that is only possible with lended
           | money. Those are expenses and not investments and put you in
           | a position where a minor change in your expected income
           | growth will deeply affect your lifestyle.
        
       | throw1234651234 wrote:
       | The thing that most people, including those in this thread, don't
       | understand about poverty, is that the side-effects don't
       | magically go away after you are an adult.
       | 
       | Reading the replies here, I do get the typical sense of "well,
       | they are people who made poor choices, sort of feel sorry for
       | them, can't relate."
       | 
       | In reality, many poor adults were poor children. The funny thing,
       | is that in the glorious US of A, the main distinction is worse
       | than in other countries - if you are poor, you go to a school
       | district where 95% don't go to college and you get stabbed and
       | hooked on something.
       | 
       | That aside - no one tells you to study for the SATs, no one tells
       | you to brush your teeth with an electric toothbrush and floss,
       | while not drinking pop which destroys your enamel. No one tells
       | you to do your cardio and no one evaluates your postural
       | imbalances. No one has you studying Deutsch and Fancaise. No one
       | takes you swimming, and you probably don't do a martial art
       | unless you get lucky enough to get into a ghetto boxing gym.
       | 
       | So, by the time you are 18, you have ruined health and an under-
       | developed mind, and then everyone looks at you and thinks - what
       | a careless, lazy, adult. He/she isn't even going to college -
       | what an embarrassment. And while there is the military, the poor
       | don't even get properly told about that and what's available.
        
         | spicymaki wrote:
         | > That aside - no one tells you to study for the SAT
         | 
         | This is so true. When you are truly poor, nobody is grooming
         | you to succeed in a competitive environment. Actually the
         | people in your life don't even know how to prepare you, even if
         | they wanted to. When I see people on HN talk about IQ this and
         | GPA that, superior this and inferior that, I can tell they are
         | in a bubble.
        
         | alexashka wrote:
         | > everyone looks at you and thinks - what a careless, lazy,
         | adult. He/she isn't even going to college - what an
         | embarrassment.
         | 
         | How do you know anyone is thinking that?
         | 
         | Here's what I think about poor/homeless/rich/whatever people in
         | general: nothing. They don't exist in my mind, I'm thinking
         | about my own life.
        
       | domano wrote:
       | Living in a country where there is a better social net in place,
       | but coming from a refugee background, i regularly notice a
       | disconnect with my peers.
       | 
       | I do understand their financial worries and sympathize, but only
       | because i am aware of my perspective. Oftentimes i have to remind
       | myself that for others it is actually stressful to think about
       | not being able to comfortably buy a house vs renting it.
       | 
       | Meanwhile i worry about my mothers retirement, how i can get her
       | out of this shady living situation and how i can pay back
       | everything she has done to bring me up despite circumstances.
       | 
       | Actually i wish for others that were better off their whole life
       | to have my perspective for some time, since i think that it would
       | really make them less stressed about their future.
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | Seriously, some responses here are mildly bewildering in the
         | extent people can't relate their life experience to actual
         | poverty.
        
           | sorisos wrote:
           | Comforting to here someone else react to these "alienated"
           | commenters. I feel they made this the most depressing HN
           | thread I have ever read.
        
           | myself248 wrote:
           | What's jarring to me is the author's characterization of car
           | repair as "poor-people skills". Knowing how to use tools can
           | be part of being poor, or it can be part of being an engineer
           | who designs things that can actually be manufactured and
           | assembled.
           | 
           | Either that or I'm a lot poorer than I think I am!
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > What's jarring to me is the author's characterization of
             | car repair as "poor-people skills".
             | 
             | Car repair is a skill of economic importance of you are
             | poor or employed in auto repair. Otherwise, it's obviously
             | a skill someone might have, but far less critical.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | Repairs are another thing.
         | 
         | I recall feeling it when I was younger and we were in a worse
         | place. Now I feel it every time someone tells me the price for
         | pruning a tree, fixing my house wiring, or making my pet more
         | comfortable. There's a moment after they say the number where
         | they are bracing for an argument. When I just say 'Okay', some
         | of them seem a little startled.
         | 
         | Another aspect may be that I have in fact worked with my hands
         | before. It's possible I might have done it anyway, but needing
         | money is powerful motivation for getting dirt under your nails.
         | So I understand the cost of parts and labor, whereas some of my
         | newer peers may not. Yes, that repair really is $800, and yes
         | I'm fine with paying it.
        
       | TheButlerian wrote:
       | What a loser.
        
       | teddyh wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       | 5 Things Nobody Tells You About Being Poor, May 27, 2011:
       | (https://www.cracked.com/blog/5-things-nobody-tells-you-about...)
       | 
       | The 5 Stupidest Habits You Develop Growing Up Poor, January 19,
       | 2012: (https://www.cracked.com/blog/the-5-stupidest-habits-you-
       | deve...)
       | 
       | 4 Things Politicians Will Never Understand About Poor People,
       | February 21, 2013: (https://www.cracked.com/blog/4-things-
       | politicians-will-never...)
        
       | scandox wrote:
       | Talleyrand related a story about Bourienne, who missed out on
       | becoming the Prefect of Police of Paris and 200,000 a year
       | because he travelled from Hamburg in a broken down carriage and
       | lost 24 hours reaching the city to grab the opportunity:
       | 
       | "It shows why one should never be a poor devil"
       | 
       | And this is exactly why the rich get richer: they're in a
       | position to take opportunity and to do so in a calm, orderly
       | fashion.
       | 
       | https://books.google.ie/books?id=0djR6fbrIEYC&printsec=front...
        
       | MontyCarloHall wrote:
       | > a pretty bottom-barrel ford leases for 300-400 a month
       | 
       | Ford leases seem to be expensive for some reason, and not
       | indicative of the overall market. For instance, a base model
       | Toyota Corolla or Honda Civic can be leased for $160/month, with
       | $0 down. With $1000 down, these figures are close to $100/month.
       | 
       | > A company is looking to pay a person as little as they can and
       | keep them, so a person's pay is determined by how rare their
       | skills are and how much demand there is for those skills
       | 
       | > I mentioned this before, but I can work on cars, and I'm able
       | to do anything less complex than a full engine or transmission
       | rebuild
       | 
       | I'm sure becoming a mechanic has crossed the author's mind at
       | some point. I'd love to hear their thoughts on this.
        
         | throwaway0a5e wrote:
         | Ever notice how those ads say something like "qualifying
         | customers". If your credit score is in the toilet you're not
         | getting any of those prices.
         | 
         | The domestics, koreans, nissan and mistu will lease to anyone
         | with a pulse but if your credit is bad the monthly rate or
         | requireed uprfront payment is gonna climb quickly.
         | 
         | You might as well need the president of the local yacht club
         | write you a recommendation to get a sub-$200 lease on a Toyota,
         | Honda or other middle class "look how financially prudent I am"
         | status symbol. Anyone who doesn't have good credit AND the
         | ability to put a good chunk of the lease down up front is going
         | to be paying a "this is our polite way of telling to you to
         | drag across the street to the Nissan dealer" price.
         | 
         | Also, those promotional rates are just that, promotional rates.
         | Often times the details work out such that taking a higher rate
         | on a lease and putting less down up front results in a lower
         | cost per duration of ownership.
        
           | MontyCarloHall wrote:
           | Yeah, fair enough, I hadn't thought about that. Underscores
           | exactly why articles like this are good reading.
        
         | aembleton wrote:
         | > Honda Civic can be leased for $160/month, with $0 down
         | 
         | Is that available to people without a good credit rating?
        
       | hikerclimb wrote:
       | Hopefully I become poor. I would rather be poor than rich
        
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