[HN Gopher] Police misconduct settlements
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Police misconduct settlements
        
       Author : IfOnlyYouKnew
       Score  : 196 points
       Date   : 2021-02-28 15:33 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | carlineng wrote:
       | This is fantastic. When people ask me "what do data scientists
       | really do?" I am going to send them to this repo and the
       | accompanying article. This looks like a massive effort to send
       | out each FOIA request and then manually process each individual
       | report. At the end of the day, their conclusion has little to do
       | with actually investigating trends about police misconduct, and
       | is almost entirely about standardization of data collection
       | practices.
        
         | uneekname wrote:
         | I'm 21 years old, going to graduate from college in a year, and
         | reading this comment makes me want to pursue this type of data
         | science work. For every school or personal project I've done,
         | the joy for me has been the collecting, organizing, and
         | analyzing of data.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | The world needs more data scientists who actually follow a
           | scientific approach to uncertainty and bias - good luck!
        
         | alexilliamson wrote:
         | Bingo. I worked for 4 years as a data scientist for city
         | governments, and there is so much low hanging fruit to be
         | captured simply with better data management. The
         | analysis/modeling almost feels perfunctory once you have the
         | data system in the state you need.
        
           | Buttons840 wrote:
           | I worked for a company that gathered medical license
           | information from all 50 states into a central source. We
           | gathered the "good lists" and the "bad lists" I liked to say;
           | the license lists and the sanction lists. I heard stories
           | about sanctioned doctors or nurses just moving to another
           | state to continue practicing, though I don't personally know
           | if those stories are true, it's easy to imagine the value of
           | checking all these lists in a central location.
           | 
           | The problem is all this data from every state is very very
           | similar, but it's a huge job to gather all this data
           | together. The company was doing a very poor job of it as
           | well, with lots of tech debt and incompetent management.
           | There was lots of legally questionable web scraping and
           | manual work. Many states (shamefully) charge money to be able
           | to see what doctors and nurses have been sanctioned, and
           | actively try to prevent the data from being scraped.
           | 
           | All this could be eliminated with a federally mandated data
           | format. That entire company of 300 people could be automated
           | away easily. While I was working there I was always aware
           | that part of everyone's high medical bill ended up in my
           | paycheck: the hospitals and clinics paid this company, and
           | the company paid me.
        
             | DavidPeiffer wrote:
             | > I heard stories about sanctioned doctors or nurses just
             | moving to another state to continue practicing, though I
             | don't personally know if those stories are true, it's easy
             | to imagine the value of checking all these lists in a
             | central location.
             | 
             | This was one of the reasons "Dr. Death" was able to keep
             | practicing as long as he did. He resigned from positions
             | and switched facilities/states before the investigations
             | could be completed.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Duntsch
             | 
             | https://www.nbc.com/american-greed/video/the-real-dr-
             | death/4...
        
               | samstave wrote:
               | I think that public positions and critical positions,
               | such as police/LEO, Doctors, Nurses, Teachers and other
               | positions (maybe nuke plant operators) etc - should all
               | have a UUID for each person - and one (with appropriate
               | reasoning) should be able to track the UUID of any
               | employee across the nation - such that you cant just
               | shuffle offenders/let them shuffle themselves about
               | assuming their is misconduct - and maybe even provide a
               | further incentivization program for those who have
               | stellar records - like "doctor of the month for the
               | state" or Police officer of the year for the nation"
               | etc...
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | Would be nice, but as a start, if we could just create a
               | law that states can't hind their sanction lists behind
               | paywalls, that would go a long way. You're less safe in
               | state X because state Y charges a lot of money to get
               | access to their sanction lists.
        
         | ed25519FUUU wrote:
         | It's strange to me you feel compelled to professionally justify
         | your job through the lens of social justice. I feel no such
         | obligation when people ask me what I do.
         | 
         | As for my personal time, money, and issues that are important
         | to me that's a very different story.
         | 
         | It feels a little bit to me that we've so eroded our personal
         | lives compared to professional lives that people are starting
         | to have a hard time distinguishing the two.
        
           | uniclaude wrote:
           | This is a great thing that people intend to align what
           | they're paid to do the greater part of their lives with what
           | they find just.
           | 
           | This is hackernews, the place where people intend to make
           | positive change with their brain, their time, and sometimes,
           | their money.
        
           | avz wrote:
           | This has nothing to do with the alleged erosion of personal
           | lives.
           | 
           | Money is simply not the only aspect of a job that determines
           | how rewarding it is. Other parameters that people find
           | relevant include meaningful mission, ethical concerns, work
           | relationships, power, travel, ability to open source code, to
           | publish and to give talks, access to expensive hardware,
           | innovation, leading others, helping people in need... etc. I
           | find it a bizarrely narrow view to insist that getting paid
           | is the sole motivation to work. In fact, from conversations
           | with folks older and more experienced than me I am under the
           | impression that as we age all these other aspects of our work
           | keep gaining in importance over paycheck.
           | 
           | That said, I understand that in the absence of money the need
           | to get it is an overriding concern. However, I find the focus
           | on money very surprising for a site full of software
           | engineers who by and large can afford the freedom to pursue
           | meaning and self-actualization in their work.
        
           | the_only_law wrote:
           | > It feels a little bit to me that we've so eroded our
           | personal lives compared to professional lives that people are
           | starting to have a hard time distinguishing the two.
           | 
           | It comes up a lot on this site that a job is just a job, and
           | thus you shouldn't focus so much on it to find meaning,
           | fulfillment, etc., but I'll consider this when it doesn't
           | take up majority of my daylight hours.
        
             | yunohn wrote:
             | +1 to this. Jobs take up the majority of our mental space
             | and energy and hours in the day. Why shouldn't we strive to
             | achieve something more meaningful within it?
        
           | scsilver wrote:
           | The money isnt filling the void man.
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | If you want to do something that makes a difference in the
           | world what's wrong with that?
        
       | tehwebguy wrote:
       | It's interesting to see that a number of these cities failed to
       | respond with data whatsoever.
       | 
       | If you wanna take a look at some day today operations of an
       | attorney whose focus is suing agencies that refuse to respond to
       | FOIA requests follow Beth Bourdon on Twitter:
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/bethbourdon
       | 
       | Often the threat of a FOIA suit is enough. It's funny to see some
       | agencies say, "this would be way too burdensome" or "your cost
       | will be several thousand dollars" until they realize they'll have
       | to explain that to a judge and then the data is suddenly trivial
       | to provide in a few days.
        
         | ipsin wrote:
         | Isn't FOIA something that applies only to federal agencies?
         | Many states also have similar "sunshine laws", but I didn't
         | think there was a nationwide mandate for all governments at all
         | levels.
        
           | the_only_law wrote:
           | I worked briefly in a state agency and I recall during a
           | presentation of an application we developed, my boss noting t
           | hat the users should be careful what they enter into certain
           | fields due to FOIA.
        
           | 1123581321 wrote:
           | Most states have their own FOIA enacted.
        
           | tsaoutourpants wrote:
           | Every state has their own public records law that allows for
           | requests similar to FOIA.
        
         | the_only_law wrote:
         | I've heard even worse. Of course, it's all hearsay, but I was
         | told a story of targeted harassment due to someone trying to
         | FOIA a department.
        
       | jron wrote:
       | The data was used for this article:
       | https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/police-misconduct-costs...
        
       | pbhjpbhj wrote:
       | Might be useful to add to the title "based on FOIA requests for
       | 50 cities in USA", or at the very least add "(USA)".
        
       | njharman wrote:
       | Police unions should pay part of settlements. Say half.
       | (Employer, the city, should be accountable too)
       | 
       | The union and police themselves will fix misconduct when it costs
       | them money. Currently they have little incentive to not use
       | maximal force. And lots of incentive to be maximal, this may be
       | the 1 in 100 people with intent and means to kill a cop and if
       | I'm soft or lax I may be that cop.
        
         | davmar wrote:
         | serious question: what informs your opinions on this topic? i
         | ask because cities are, in fact, already paying for
         | settlements. however, the problem is deeper: settlements often
         | times in results in the cities going into debt that wall street
         | buys. the taxpayer ends up footing the bill. they're called
         | "police brutality bonds". you might find this interesting:
         | 
         | https://acrecampaigns.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ACRE_PB...
         | https://acrecampaigns.org/research_post/police-brutality-bon...
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | It's interesting because their trading stresses the idea that
         | any encounter could be deadly, even though it's far from true.
         | Policing in the US barely cracks the list of the top 15 most
         | dangerous jobs. In fact the top two killers of on duty officers
         | are car crashes and heart attacks. Random accidents and
         | friendly fire also rank highly.
         | 
         | Their mistaken beliefs about the dangers of random encounters
         | definitely incentivize bad behavior.
        
           | dillondoyle wrote:
           | Police unions go even further with 'warrior training' in that
           | many cities banned the actual police force from paying for it
           | and then the unions go around the intention of the law and
           | pay for it themselves.
           | 
           | I'm like 55% sure it's something I'm not comfortable legally
           | banning individuals from choosing this for themselves - but I
           | would like get rid of that style training and mindset. So idk
           | maybe I'd be ok with limiting personal freedom here
           | specifically because it's harmful to the greater community.
           | Maybe similar to other public health laws that put public
           | ahead of individual. Maybe there is legal precedent I don't
           | know about to sway this tradeoff?
           | 
           | https://www.motherjones.com/crime-justice/2020/05/bob-
           | kroll-...
        
           | upbeat_general wrote:
           | Source for that data (on the leading causes of death for
           | police officers)? Most things I could find show that more
           | officers are shot than get into car crashes (tho it's a close
           | second). The exception being COVID-19 for the past year.
           | 
           | I think you are right that they are not high up on the most
           | dangerous jobs though I'd argue it still makes sense to fear
           | deadly encounters the same way loggers should very much fear
           | being crushed by a tree.
           | 
           | I do however agree that this fear is taken far past what is
           | rational though which does result in a lot of bad behavior.
        
             | ch4s3 wrote:
             | I think it depends on the year and how they account for the
             | deaths. Most of the gun death stats seem to include
             | suicides and accidental shootings by other officers.
             | 
             | I actually don't think the should be trained to fear deadly
             | encounters, I believe they should be trained to assess risk
             | and deescalate.
        
             | omgwtfbyobbq wrote:
             | In general (pre-covid), it seems like of the officers who
             | die in the line of duty, a little less than half had
             | accidental deaths and a little more than half had felonious
             | deaths.
             | 
             | https://www.fbi.gov/news/pressrel/press-releases/fbi-
             | release...
             | 
             | I recall reading about the heart attack stat too, but I
             | can't remember where it was from. It could account for the
             | number of officers who died from heart attacks while off
             | duty too.
             | 
             | Regardless, the amount of time, effort, and attention paid
             | to the possibility of a felonious death seems out of
             | proportion to the amount time, effort, and attention paid
             | to accidental deaths, even though accidental deaths are
             | almost as likely to occur.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | The scale is important too. For all police interactions
               | in 2019, there were 48 "felonious" deaths which isn't
               | very many compared to the wild rhetoric coming out of
               | police unions.
        
         | dillondoyle wrote:
         | What would cause the most expensive liability insurance?
         | 
         | Would spreading the liability out to a union with many members
         | lower the cost compared to each police person individually
         | buying?
         | 
         | I support whichever is most expensive and has the most personal
         | consequence to change their behavior.
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | The NYPD pension fund for instance is $50 billion. You think
         | that a $100k settlement paid from a pot of $50 billion is going
         | to bother a cop who can't access it for decades anyway?
        
           | MikeTheGreat wrote:
           | First, it would be interesting to know how much money the
           | average police officer's union has for settlements, and how
           | much settlements tend to be. I'm guessing not every union has
           | a $50B pension fund, so the impact may be larger elsewhere.
           | 
           | Second, it would be interesting to know if money from the
           | pension fund can be used to pay settlements. Until you said
           | something here I had assumed that paying for settlements
           | would come from the union's annual budget, and not from a
           | pension fund which had been funded earlier (but I could be
           | wrong).
           | 
           | Regardless - I think the idea of aligning the incentives of
           | the officers themselves (through their union) and the
           | citizens who are being policed is a good idea.
        
           | frongpik wrote:
           | It will bother the PU chief, though.
        
         | segmondy wrote:
         | Doctor's have to carry malpractice insurance, I think police
         | officers should do the same. That way a bad officer will
         | eventually become uninsurable. So I agree with you, "Employee,
         | Employer". Now on the city, I don't know that I agree on that,
         | but where will the money really come from if not the city?
        
       | hedora wrote:
       | Settlements are something, but don't address the root cause:
       | 
       | > _But despite increased attention, it's still rare for police
       | officers to face criminal prosecution._
        
         | cb504 wrote:
         | Consider making every criminal complaint against a police
         | officer a federal case to be investigated by the FBI. Take it
         | out of state and local hands.
        
       | williesleg wrote:
       | I love how police don't help the honest people anymore. Just turn
       | it in to your insurance.
        
       | jakelazaroff wrote:
       | There's a simple way to effect change at the legislative level:
       | force cities to pay for police misconduct settlements out of
       | existing police budgets and pension funds, rather than
       | apportioning taxpayer money to do so.
        
         | GavinMcG wrote:
         | Market-focused rhetoric over the past decades has made it
         | tempting to think we can just allocate payments the right way
         | to accomplish what we want. This is one case where that fails.
         | Instead, we need _leadership_.
         | 
         | Police budgets are taxpayer money. Even if cutting a budget
         | meant laying off officers, there's reason to think that would
         | create problems - the needs of the community wouldn't be
         | reduced, so you'd be having fewer officers doing more, which is
         | both costly (in overtime) and increases fatigue and the
         | likelihood of problematic behavior. And taking it out of the
         | pension fund or otherwise spreading the harm to other officers
         | is both easily gamed and incentivizes cover-ups.
         | 
         | It matters who we elect. A significant faction of the U.S. has
         | been convinced that government is simply bad or ineffective,
         | and they vote for people who deliberately prove that. But if we
         | want to see change we need to elect people who are willing to
         | go to the mat for the things we support.
        
           | dna_polymerase wrote:
           | > Market-focused rhetoric over the past decades has made it
           | tempting to think we can just allocate payments the right way
           | to accomplish what we want. This is one case where that
           | fails. Instead, we need leadership.
           | 
           | No, we don't. We need a system at rewards good behaviour and
           | punishes bad. The market solution is really the best. A
           | solution bound on a single leader vanishes as soon as the
           | leader goes.
           | 
           | > It matters who we elect.
           | 
           | Things were bad during Obama's reign, as they were under
           | Trump. Biden won't bring change, unless systemic change will
           | be implemented.
        
             | GavinMcG wrote:
             | Why focus on presidential elections when we're talking
             | about policing? It matters who we elect at the local level.
             | 
             | I think your knee-jerk focus on who the president is (and
             | denying the possibility of change) demonstrates what I was
             | saying: the rhetoric has convinced people that it doesn't
             | matter and it's all some national team sport. That's just
             | not true.
        
               | alentist wrote:
               | Did you reply to the wrong comment?
               | 
               | Your (knee-jerk?) characterization is the opposite of
               | what that comment is saying.
        
               | GavinMcG wrote:
               | What are you talking about? The comment dismissed what I
               | had said about it mattering who we elect, in a shallow
               | and narrowly-focused way. My characterization is indeed
               | the opposite, because I disagree with the comment's
               | premise. That's why I replied.
        
         | pavel_lishin wrote:
         | Is there any reason to believe they won't up the budget to
         | account for this?
        
           | curryst wrote:
           | I don't think cities can run a deficit. They would have to
           | pass tax increases to fund that, which would be unpopular.
        
             | pavel_lishin wrote:
             | Any reason they wouldn't move the budget away from other
             | services?
        
             | yonig wrote:
             | Hello from Chicago
        
             | mark212 wrote:
             | You're right for cities and counties (and the state itself)
             | in California. None are allowed to operate at a deficit,
             | hence the creation of the state "rainy day fund" by Gov.
             | Brown after the 2008 recession which has worked very well
             | in tempering the current fiscal issues in the Covid
             | pandemic, at least at the state level.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | > I don't think cities can run a deficit.
             | 
             | Lol
        
               | smnrchrds wrote:
               | In Alberta (and perhaps elsewhere in Canada), cities are
               | legally not allowed to run deficits.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | New York City is running a budget deficit of
               | $5,250,000,000.
        
             | zamfi wrote:
             | > They would have to pass tax increases to fund that
             | 
             | Or reallocate money previously allocated to libraries,
             | social workers, community colleges, public transportation,
             | etc. etc.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > force cities to pay for police misconduct settlements out of
         | existing police budgets and pension funds, rather than
         | apportioning taxpayer money to do so
         | 
         | Err that is taxpayer money?
         | 
         | Police budgets aren't the police's personal money. They don't
         | care if you take it away it's no problem for them as long as
         | they're still being paid.
        
           | solosoyokaze wrote:
           | Take it from their pension (and cut their budgets). Yes,
           | that's wasted taxpayer money but I'm sure the police also
           | view it as their own personal money.
        
             | xupybd wrote:
             | What if that happened in your company? Another person's
             | misconduct resulted in you getting your pension drained?
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Maybe they will pay more attention to hot heads and
               | prevent them from getting hired in the first place.
               | 
               | > Another person's misconduct resulted in you getting
               | your pension drained?
               | 
               | This happens quite frequently in companies with public
               | stock and/or profit based bonus contributions. If someone
               | fucks up and the product kills someone, it impacts
               | everyone's retirement that's based on company
               | performance.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > This happens quite frequently in companies with public
               | stock and/or profit based bonus contributions.
               | 
               | Wait there are companies with their pension funds
               | entirely invested in... their own stock?
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | I don't have a pension.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Pension / retirement fund, whatever.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | There's a big difference. Pensions are paid by the
               | employer and retirement accounts are paid by the
               | employee.
               | 
               | Excessive benefits aside, the culture of the police is
               | rotten and policing in the US needs to be rethought from
               | the ground up.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > There's a big difference. Pensions are paid by the
               | employer and retirement accounts are paid by the
               | employee.
               | 
               | You make it sound like you're paid more if you get a
               | pension!
               | 
               | If the company pays into a pension for or gives you the
               | money which you then pay into a pension... guess what
               | it's the same money just a slightly different setup.
               | 
               | I've got a pension I pay into myself, so it doesn't need
               | to be your employer which does it.
        
               | xupybd wrote:
               | Rethought from the ground up scares me a little. Yes I
               | think some places need some fundamental changes but you
               | don't want to try a rebuild on a system like that.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | Out of curiosity, what are you afraid of?
        
               | xupybd wrote:
               | When you attempt to build something from scratch you run
               | the risk of creating something worse than the thing you
               | were replacing.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | There is fairly strong evidence of broad complicity among
               | police officers in each other's misconduct, to the point
               | that there are dozens of stories out there of new police
               | officers joining some of the most prominent police forces
               | in the country, seeing bad things happening, and trying
               | to get them to stop--only to be told, persuaded, coerced,
               | and threatened into shutting up or quitting.
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | This literally can happen. If the company causes enough
               | harm lawsuits can drain their coffers and cause the
               | company to go under or nearly so and restructuring to
               | stay afloat temporarily can harm pensions.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | jaredmosley wrote:
             | They'll just increase their base pensions and budgets to
             | calculate in the expected costs from the settlements. All
             | this will do is destroy the budgets and pensions in one-off
             | cases where the act is egregious enough for the cost to be
             | 10x any expected costs.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | That's why I also said budgets need to be cut.
        
             | souprock wrote:
             | Not sure how else to make sure you saw this, but FYI there
             | is an answer to your comment on a different HN submission:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26285917
        
           | d_watt wrote:
           | If a police department has a 10m/year budget, resulting in 80
           | police officers employed, a 2m settlement coming out of the
           | budget means they have to lay off 16 police officers to pay
           | it.
           | 
           | That would create an department incentive to force out risky
           | officers, as they know their jobs are on the line.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | Presumably the city employs 80 police officers because
             | they's how many they think they need?
             | 
             | If the voters are happy with 16 less police officers then
             | why not fire them right now?
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Government agencies don't willingly cut headcount because
               | it looks like they're overstaffed. What a quaint notion.
               | 
               | If the job is getting done and you have 500 employees and
               | the budget for 500 employees, there is literally no
               | incentive to even determine if it could be done with 400.
               | Leaders don't get a portion of money saved or anything
               | like that. They just lose the budget that was for the
               | extra employees and get a bunch of pissed off employees
               | that now have to work harder for the same pay.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | The police don't set their own budget, if that's how
               | you're imagining things.
               | 
               | They get given money by government, representing the
               | voters.
               | 
               | If the voters think they're happy with less police of
               | course they can drop 100 employees worth of budget. The
               | police can't stop that.
        
         | tehwebguy wrote:
         | This sounds good but the only way to actually fix the problem
         | is to hold individual police officers _criminally_ liable.
         | 
         | Currently they avoid criminal liability in a number of ways:
         | 
         | - They are never arrested - other police simply fail to arrest
         | them
         | 
         | - They are never indicted - DAs across the country are
         | extremely reluctant to press charges
         | 
         | - Charges are dropped by grand juries - in some states, like
         | NY, all felonies must be confirmed or dropped by a grand jury
         | unless the defendant waived their right. A DA has full power to
         | effectively force a drop by portraying a weak case to a
         | completely secret grand jury, publicly washing their hands of
         | the decision while still getting the result they want.
         | 
         | Then, when a DA is elected who actually says they will hold
         | police accountable they often simply will not (as in Jackie
         | Lacey, Los Angeles' previous DA) or if they make basically any
         | strides toward actually investigating police they will be
         | stonewalled and face a recall with support from the local PD
         | and/or SD (as in LA's _current_ DA, George Gascon).
         | 
         | Police are given unbelievable rights: we will see over and over
         | again that officers with complaints will never actually see
         | them investigated and even sustained complaints have barely any
         | consequences. Additionally if they are implicated in a serious
         | crime on the job they often have union rules barring them from
         | being interviewed / interrogated until after a cooling period
         | (this blew my mind).
         | 
         | Compare this to basically any other profession, even so much as
         | yelling at a client or failing to help customer who asked would
         | be a final strike almost anywhere else.
         | 
         | The biggest problem may be that the US justice system is so
         | unbelievably cruel that police refuse to ever put one of their
         | own through that type of hell.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | darksaints wrote:
           | I agree 100% with everything you've said, and yet I still
           | think those reforms would fail to effect change under current
           | circumstances. Because current police culture basically says
           | "Let me do my job however I want, without consequences, or I
           | just won't do my job". And it has already started to show,
           | with major police departments like Minneapolis, Chicago,
           | Boston, NYC, and Seattle effectively pulling a depolicing
           | strike in response to criticism and legislative action trying
           | to hold them responsible for their failings.
           | 
           | What you've prescribed would have prevented this from
           | becoming a problem in the first place, but it can't do much
           | anymore, because the prevalent police culture in the US will
           | punish the public for punishing the police. And we've allowed
           | this to happen to us.
           | 
           | At this point, nobody knows what can actually fix the
           | problem, but I'm increasingly inclined to think that firing
           | them all, potentially imprisoning large quantities of them,
           | and starting over from scratch, would be the only thing that
           | works. Which is mind-blowing...it is practically an admission
           | that even though we're a wealthy country, in terms of rule of
           | law, we're not much different from a 3rd world failed state
           | like Venezuela or Myanmar.
        
             | croissants wrote:
             | > we're not much different from a 3rd world failed state
             | like Venezuela
             | 
             | In 2016, Venezuela's murder rate was well over 50 per
             | 100,000, and the USA's murder rate was slightly over 5 per
             | 100,000 [1]. This gap is pretty consistent.
             | 
             | [1] https://dataunodc.un.org/crime/intentional-homicide-
             | victims
        
             | ErikVandeWater wrote:
             | > ...effectively pulling a depolicing strike in response to
             | criticism and legislative action trying to hold them
             | responsible for their failings.
             | 
             | That is a vast overgeneralization. Check out how many
             | extreme repeat offenders are immediately released without
             | punishment:
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/bpAi70WWBlw?t=496
             | 
             | Seattle Police officers are literally reduced to _bribing
             | criminals with candy_: https://youtu.be/bpAi70WWBlw?t=865
        
               | darksaints wrote:
               | Seattle prosecutors may not be the best, but they also
               | get nothing to work with. When the police decide to show
               | up 8 hours after a crime occurs because they were
               | dragging their feet in protest, or they don't have video
               | evidence because their body cams were turned off, is it
               | any surprise that there is not enough evidence to charge
               | a criminal?
               | 
               | Collecting evidence is the primary responsibility of the
               | police, and prosecutors declining to prosecute a criminal
               | for lack of evidence is a failing of the police, not the
               | prosecutor. Unfortunately, given the abundance of
               | evidence against criminal cops, they still don't
               | prosecute them, so maybe the culpability is shared to
               | some degree.
               | 
               | https://komonews.com/news/local/seattle-officers-used-
               | excess...
        
               | ErikVandeWater wrote:
               | How do you know that police were collecting insufficient
               | evidence before they started reducing policing of some
               | crimes as a response to non-prosecution?
        
               | geofft wrote:
               | That's because the _voters_ , the people who should
               | actually have the right to say how they want their
               | government to run, have either voted for legislators who
               | write laws that do not punish repeat offenders, or have
               | voted for prosecutors who use their discretion, or have
               | voted for judges who use their discretion.
               | 
               | That is the right of the voters. The police (and
               | certainly not the police unions!) do not have any power
               | in a republican society to override that.
               | 
               | It is certainly true that the way that Seattle police
               | (and SF police, and NYC police, and NJ police, and...)
               | want to maintain public order is different from the way
               | that the voters want to maintain public order. But that
               | is the very problem at hand - as the comment above says:
               | ' _current police culture basically says "Let me do my
               | job however I want, without consequences, or I just won't
               | do my job"_'.
               | 
               | Police overpolicing because they don't want to do their
               | jobs as they're told is not very different from police
               | underpolicing because they don't want to do their jobs as
               | they're told.
        
               | ErikVandeWater wrote:
               | Your analysis is hypocritical. People voted for
               | politicians who voted for judges who ruled that police do
               | not have to enforce the law.
        
             | geofft wrote:
             | If they don't want to do their jobs, then hire other people
             | who actually will.
             | 
             | Reagan did this with the air traffic controllers in 1981
             | (which I'm not saying I agree with in terms of policy, but
             | it was both legal and effective). They went on strike, and
             | Reagan said, look, federal workers aren't allowed to
             | strike, and if you don't report to work we'll fire you. ATC
             | took a hit, flights were slowed, but they found other
             | people who were willing to the job and demanded less than
             | PATCO demanded.
             | 
             | Which is ultimately how unions _should_ work. They
             | aggregate the bargaining power of the employees into a
             | unified voice, nothing more or less. If that combined
             | bargaining power is low - e.g., because the employer is
             | willing to risk the work not getting done, or because
             | potential workers don 't actually want to combine their
             | individual bargaining power with the union - then the union
             | has no additional magical power. Unions just make it
             | logistically easier/possible to negotiate things that the
             | workers could in theory but not in practice negotiate on
             | their own. They don't have any power to negotiate benefits
             | for workers that the market couldn't theoretically support.
             | 
             | If a (say) truckers' union says "We want a 20% pay increase
             | and more time off," and other potential truckers agree with
             | those demands and the logistics companies can manage it
             | without going out of business, then they'll get it. If the
             | trucker's union says "We want a 10x pay increase and we
             | want you to take all legal accountability for anyone we hit
             | with our trucks," they would _rightly_ lose that
             | negotiation - any company that said  "yes" would not last
             | very long, and the company would do just fine saying "no."
             | 
             | If a society has no public safety resources without the
             | cooperation of a single union, such that it's less of a
             | "negotiation" than an acquiescence to whatever that union
             | demands, then _that_ is the thing that 's caused us to be a
             | failed state. So I agree. Fire them all, at the very least
             | ban them from being rehired, and start over.
             | 
             | And it's mostly amazing to me that Reagan felt comfortable
             | firing 11,345 air traffic controllers, who are clearly
             | operationally needed to put planes in the air and get them
             | down again (unlike police, whose role in public safety is
             | much more indirect), at a time when he had himself
             | acknowledged that ATC was understaffed... and meanwhile,
             | there is basically only one story of a US local government
             | (Camden, NJ) that felt comfortable firing its police
             | department and starting over.
             | 
             | Or maybe put another way - I don't really understand why
             | the PATCO decertification prompted the weakening of private
             | sector unions in the decades since then, but police unions,
             | who like PATCO are public sector unions in safety-critical
             | roles, only seem to have gotten stronger.
        
           | eagsalazar2 wrote:
           | This is really _not_ getting at the root of the problem (not
           | saying we shouldn 't _also_ do this).
           | 
           | Police are trained to see citizens as enemies and to see
           | themselves as "warriors". The specific tactics they utilize
           | are tactics they have been trained to use and/or are widely
           | used in practice so new recruits are immersed in a culture
           | where these things are the norm.
           | 
           | Additionally the reason cops get away with things in all the
           | ways you list above are because of unions and lack of
           | independent accountability.
           | 
           | Persecuting individual officers for doing the job they were
           | trained to do actual _inflames_ the problem because they
           | already see themselves as the victims (that is crazy, but it
           | is 100% true they feel this way).
           | 
           | Of course individuals play a large role but focusing on
           | charging officers isn't likely to be an effective strategy
           | for changing things.
           | 
           | A much better strategy would be to take officers themselves
           | out of the blame/change equation. They get the most political
           | sympathy so going at them increases divisions and decreases
           | likelihood of any compromise. What's needed to to change
           | police training, yes add independent accountability, and
           | change the charter of police forces by breaking away social
           | services to take over most calls that don't involve felony
           | crimes or immediate life dangers.
        
             | dillondoyle wrote:
             | I agree with most of this but I also think it leaves out a
             | huge piece of the puzzle: systemic racism.
             | 
             | Which obviously doesn't have an easy solution.
             | 
             | Maybe mandating more diverse forces, that officers actually
             | live in their city, and training/culture accountability
             | from the top down (that unions can't block).
        
               | alexashka wrote:
               | I don't know why you think racism is a 'huge' piece of
               | the puzzle.
               | 
               | You may be surprised to find out there exist countries
               | other than USA that have far worse corruption and abuse
               | at all levels of society that have nothing to do with
               | race.
        
           | Shivetya wrote:
           | - Eliminate police unions (get teachers unions too as they
           | also cover up some serious crimes against children and have
           | even more means to prevent it ever being published)
           | 
           | - Eliminate pay to union members by the government while
           | performing union duties; they actually require the state pay
           | members salaries and bonus money will performing many union
           | duties, go look it up.
           | 
           | - Eliminate law enforcement officer bill of rights" (LEOBOR)
           | style legislation
           | 
           | - Require all misconduct records any public employee to be
           | published and easily and freely queried
           | 
           | - All investigations must not reveal who is filing the
           | complaint nor witnesses to the officer or anyone not in the
           | investigation, releasing this information should be a Federal
           | offense
           | 
           | - Cities, State, and localities, must be liable even if the
           | officer is off duty and the misconduct includes use of their
           | issued firearm or other accouterments
           | 
           | - Qualified Immunity language must be modified to remove
           | clearly established clause (QI started as a carve out from
           | Civil Rights law but clearly has expanded)
           | 
           | - With regards to QI and civil suits. At no time if a
           | government agency or member pays out can they include the
           | qualifier boilerplate language that explicitly denies that
           | the municipality or the officer accept any blame for the
           | incident."
           | 
           | - three strikes and your out requirement with no future
           | employment by any similar agency in the country. three
           | strikes rule not to be used with any loss of life misconduct.
           | That is one and out if not resulting in criminal prosecution
           | 
           | You are not going to get anywhere while public sector unions
           | exist for public employees. Even if you somehow managed to
           | rid yourself of the police union the others would simply be
           | used to pressure politicians.
           | 
           | I am all for banning public sector unions from expending any
           | money on political activity under the idea that they are
           | spending public money to do so.
        
           | StreamBright wrote:
           | > to hold individual police officers criminally liable.
           | 
           | Under qualified immunity that most police officers have this
           | is not going to happen.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualified_immunity#Police_brut.
           | ..
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | Qualified immunity is for civil cases, it has nothing to do
             | with criminal.
        
             | tehwebguy wrote:
             | As another reply mentioned QI is not connected to criminal
             | liability (only civil), and it's also a bit of a red
             | herring.
             | 
             | In my opinion it's vital that when an agent of the state
             | (police officer) deprives someone of civil rights that the
             | maximum possible restitution is not limited by their net
             | worth or professional insurance carrier's cap (which to my
             | knowledge is not a thing for cops, but it is often
             | suggested here).
        
         | damagednoob wrote:
         | > out of existing police budgets and pension funds
         | 
         | So the incentive here is:
         | 
         | I better keep tabs on my partner or else I'll lose some of my
         | pension
         | 
         | Or
         | 
         | I better cover for my partner or else I'll lose some of my
         | pension.
         | 
         | I don't think this is the solution you think it is.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | germinalphrase wrote:
           | Why isn't insurance an option here? You mess up and you
           | become too expensive to employ.
        
             | marwatk wrote:
             | This has always seemed like the proper solution to me.
             | Force individual officers to have malpractice-like
             | insurance that pays for these fees (individual liability).
             | 
             | Any way of spreading the liability to the department or
             | city bypasses individual accountability and will insulate
             | bad actors.
        
             | thelock85 wrote:
             | I like the idea but you still have the challenge of
             | transparent reporting. At least it should be easy for
             | civilians to accurately report alleged misconduct (I think
             | Raheem.ai is trying to figure this out.
        
               | germinalphrase wrote:
               | Sure - but isn't transparent reporting always a problem
               | everywhere? At least it would solve _some_ of the
               | incentive misalignment.
        
             | michaelmrose wrote:
             | Professional insurance of the variety that doctors get
             | doesn't cover reckless or malicious behavior. Insurance
             | that covered the things that cops presently ought to be
             | sued for would not be affordable.
             | 
             | What you are describing is another complex layer which
             | would be liable to be perverted to serve establish
             | interests because that is inevitably what happens with
             | complex systems with powerful entrenched interests.
             | 
             | 5 years after implementation we would be talking about why
             | it had fixed none of our problems and how we needed to fix
             | it which would be politically as hard as implementing it in
             | the first place with the primary difference between now and
             | then being paying a big bundle of money to the insurance
             | industry. Instead of political pressure to just pay off the
             | people the officers shot there would be political pressure
             | to just subsidize the problem officers insurance payments
             | and then STILL pay out for most of the egregious stuff that
             | isn't covered. Most of the time a "market solution" makes
             | as much sense as the people who faced with a technical
             | problem yell "BLOCKCHAIN!"
             | 
             | Personal liability is still a complex system subject to the
             | same forces but the less it is polluted with cop specific
             | process the more likely that it will actually work because
             | its harder to pervert the entire process of civil
             | litigation than it is to pervert an incestuous insurance
             | market that services the law enforcement industry.
        
               | germinalphrase wrote:
               | Fair enough.
        
           | aaron-santos wrote:
           | Award cash prizes to reporters and whistleblowers funded in
           | the same way.
        
           | taxidump wrote:
           | With little to no repercussions financially to the department
           | or employee and no major career punishments, what do you
           | propose instead?
        
             | damagednoob wrote:
             | 4. Independently investigate & prosecute
             | 
             | 6. Body cams/Film the police
             | 
             | 8. End for profit policing
             | 
             | 10. Fair police union contracts
             | 
             | https://www.joincampaignzero.org/#vision
        
             | wonderwonder wrote:
             | Force individual officers to carry liability insurance
             | similar to malpractice insurance for lawyers and doctors.
             | If the insurance is forced to pay out a couple times the
             | officer would be uninsurable and thus unemployable.
        
               | opo wrote:
               | This is suggested quite often, but no one is going to
               | sell you a liability policy to protect you from
               | committing crimes.
               | 
               | When police officers commit blatant misconduct the
               | officers involved should at least be fired and criminal
               | charges should be applied to them if applicable. This is
               | how it works for every other job, not sure why police
               | should be different.
        
               | threatofrain wrote:
               | But is that accompanied with officers being exposed to
               | individual liability? And removing qualified immunity?
               | Because that would be the bigger argument.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | Limit qualified immunity and require officers to carry
             | personal liability insurance on the job.
             | 
             | Increase police training requirements. They're woefully
             | undertrained in the US (at least relative to Germany and
             | several other Western European nations).
             | 
             | National LEO registration or something similar to stop the
             | movement of bad officers from one department to another.
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | You are right but its not merely the degree of training
               | but how they are trained as well. As it stands many are
               | trained that every interaction with the populace might
               | get you murdered and you ought to be ready to murder them
               | first.
        
         | antattack wrote:
         | That would also increase an incentive to cover-up the
         | misconduct.
         | 
         | I think the best first step would be to increase transparency
         | and accountability. For example, large number of cities did not
         | even respond to the FIOA request. Also, I read that many Police
         | misconducts are not even tracked at federal level and civil
         | forfeiture has little oversight.
        
         | alostpuppy wrote:
         | I like that idea.
        
       | JarlUlvi wrote:
       | A big problem with this data is quite simple.
       | 
       | Legal defense is expensive, and time consuming. Due to the cost
       | of an expensive defense, and a potential large settlement,
       | defendants with alot to lose are incented to settle for a small
       | payout, rather than go to trial. This is whether or not there was
       | actually misconduct.
       | 
       | This is the same rationale used for corporations settling
       | lawsuits, rather than defending them. Merely the cost of defense
       | with having a corporate lawyer defending said corporation can be
       | prohibitive. Better a small settlement than dragging out a
       | defense. Medical malpractice lawyers vs ambulance chaser lawyers
       | can treat it the same way for that matter.
        
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