[HN Gopher] Anime is booming, so why are animators living in pov...
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       Anime is booming, so why are animators living in poverty?
        
       Author : polm23
       Score  : 279 points
       Date   : 2021-02-26 15:10 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | meetups323 wrote:
       | I have some intimacy with the American animation industry and its
       | similar here. All artistry/design/etc. happens on the US side of
       | operations, then the brute "{drag sliders around}/{draw
       | intermediary frames}/{paint over broken rigs} to match the design
       | docs" happens internationally by vendor studios who get paid next
       | to nothing.
       | 
       | It's not dissimilar from things like L1 support in tech, which
       | are often low cost international folks trained to respond using a
       | fixed template. Both don't get paid much because their existence
       | is expressly designed to be as easily replaceable as possible.
        
       | bsder wrote:
       | So, why hasn't someone in the US with a few bucks pulled these
       | animators together and built their own studio simply as a "vanity
       | project"?
       | 
       | The anime industry seems like it should be rife for someone to
       | pull that off.
       | 
       | I'm always amazed at how little money artists (of any form) make.
       | You can get really significant access to them for very little
       | money.
        
       | accounted wrote:
       | Many anime studios in recent years have thrown in the towel
       | despite having high levels of skill at their profession. It is
       | repeatedly mentioned here that the reason animators are paid low
       | is due to their abundance versus the demand, and that is
       | certainly one reason of many. But another big reason is that it
       | is strenuous work for which there really isn't that much pay out.
       | 
       | The NYTimes article flaunts a $24 billion market figure, but this
       | figure would be the few big names (Naruto, One Piece, DBZ) and
       | those series are making money off of physical product sales and
       | licensing deals. The anime, at the end of the day, is not the
       | product - it's just a commercial for the product. Every so often,
       | studios experiment with original anime, sometimes sponsored by
       | various other companies, but these rarely turn out to be
       | financially fruitful and primarily end up again as advertisements
       | or a test of some new technique or technology.
        
       | didip wrote:
       | Sadly, the supply and demand of labors really press wages
       | downwards. Especially in industries where "labor of love"
       | marketing is really strong.
       | 
       | If you want to maximize for total compensation, then you should
       | work in an industry where the companies have to compete for your
       | talents constantly.
        
       | syntaxing wrote:
       | Pretty disappointed at the "its just supply and demand" rhetoric.
       | Supply and demand curves is an indicator of the market, NOT the
       | ground truth of the market. Policies change the elasticity.
       | Perceived value change the elasticity. Collective bargaining
       | changes elasticity. Consumer changes elasticity. Simply treating
       | the curve as the truth rather than the representation of the
       | current state is extremely disingenuous.
        
         | caturopath wrote:
         | Certainly, someone can inact policy that reshapes a market.
         | 
         | I don't know why we'd care too much about it here. Japan's
         | unemployment rate is 3%: as far as I understand, people are
         | working these jobs because they are their dream jobs, not
         | because they don't have options with better conditions.
         | 
         | There are lots of other jobs in the entertainment industry like
         | this - hard work, low pay, long line of people who want them -
         | and I can't find it within myself care all that much about the
         | outcome.
        
       | jdlyga wrote:
       | Capitalism. Animators are willing to work for what animation
       | companies are willing to pay them, which isn't much. Do they have
       | unions?
        
       | CyberRage wrote:
       | The issue is not with anime but with Japan.
       | 
       | Most "anime" is being created in Japan(That's the literal
       | definition of anime) hence the issue.
       | 
       | You don't hear about starving Pixar animators or Disney artists
       | overworking to extreme levels.
       | 
       | This is part of the Japanese culture. Moreover, I would say that
       | anime is having more difficult time making profit and being
       | sustainable.
        
         | pzone wrote:
         | Pixar and Disney are at the very top of the elite American
         | animation studios. Most animators internationally, or Americans
         | working at less competitive studios, are also wrung dry for
         | very little pay or job security.
        
           | CyberRage wrote:
           | "Elite" animators in Japan are being paid pennies. it's a
           | joke basically compared to western regions.
           | 
           | In Japan, you are expected to deliver no matter what, working
           | extra hours and grinding is normal. you are not compensated
           | for any of that.
           | 
           | Very very few publishers care about the quality of the
           | content they ship as long as things pan out.
           | 
           | You have so many numerous examples of that in the industry.
        
       | ravenstine wrote:
       | My family's wealth has come from animation, I know animators, and
       | I was going into animation before I decided to become a software
       | engineer, so maybe my opinions on this mean something.
       | 
       | What distinguishes animation and most other industries from
       | software is individual _leverage_. A fed up software engineer has
       | a fairly decent shot at either working freelance or starting
       | their own operation. This is possible for animation, but there 's
       | _way_ more of a hurdle in competing in the market with an
       | independent company unless you have prestige or lots of money. It
       | 's really not easy to make substantial profit with a shitty
       | animated film(unless you can afford exceptional marketing, and
       | even then...), and it can take years of making no money to
       | produce one. Contrast this with software, which has a possibility
       | of being profitable in the first month, and can be improved over
       | time, whereas with films and shows you pretty much have a few
       | shots or just a single shot at doing it right. In other words,
       | most animators know they can't just strike it out on their own if
       | the going gets tough, which is one reason why unionization is
       | more common in animation. You'd better be insanely talented if
       | you think you're going to make a living as an independent
       | animator, and most animators aren't excellent at all aspects of
       | animation. There aren't many "full stack" animators. Believe me,
       | I tried to be one. There's very disparate skills that go into
       | making something that's production quality.
       | 
       | There's also a general cultural difference between animators and
       | software engineers. I'm painting with a broad brush here but, in
       | my experience, animators tend to place more value on prestige and
       | there's _way_ more workplace politics at animation studios than I
       | 've ever witnessed on any software team I've joined. There's a
       | prestige factor with software, too, but I don't think we make as
       | much of a value judgment between someone who's a Googler and
       | someone who's a freelancer. Again, just my opinion. Since
       | animation is a part of the entertainment industry, it inherits
       | the good and the bad of entertainment in general, which includes
       | not highly valuing anyone except directors and producers. Most
       | everyone else, besides big name actors, are expected to be
       | treated like trash and disposed of when they aren't immediately
       | needed anymore. One reason I ditched animation, besides my lack
       | of talent, was that it can be very challenging to stay working at
       | one studio for a long period of time. People do it, but they're
       | the ones that seem to work a lot of extra hours(for no pay) and
       | have a handful of useful talents that make them worth having
       | around between projects. Basically, animators are used to being
       | treated like crap and have a different sort of work ethic around
       | it.
       | 
       | Entertainment also attracts a different type of person. Again,
       | another generalization, but there are _way_ more neurotic and
       | crazy people in entertainment, animation included, than in other
       | fields. I think that 's because it attracts both visually
       | creative people and those who are bent out of shape easily if
       | they aren't the ones winning, since the field can be so
       | incredibly competitive. This leads to a dichotomy of needy
       | animators who are always doing anything they can to "get their
       | foot in the door" and tyrannical leads and directors who don't
       | value their subordinates because they see themselves as Hollywood
       | moguls. _Of course_ this isn 't true across the board, but my
       | family members and friends in the field all have multiple stories
       | of leadership treating people like garbage and getting away with
       | insane things that you think would have been rooted out in the
       | #MeToo era. In the end, it's all seen as a necessary evil on the
       | journey to the glory of producing successful art. I don't think
       | this is nearly as common with software(and many other things)
       | because the average person doesn't give a flying F about
       | software, so the drive to achieve prestige is very limited.
       | 
       | So to summarize, for various reasons, there's far more ego
       | involved in animation, which leads to people with power treating
       | everyone like crap.
       | 
       | Oh, before I conclude, we can't forget how much it costs to
       | produce an animated film or TV show that meets the current
       | expectations of the industry. Even though I think a wall is being
       | hit in terms of just how much visual spectacle they can produce,
       | the precedent to pay animators poorly has been set long ago when
       | new studios were popping up and desperate to make something.
       | Other industries, such as software, never went through the same
       | cost hurdles during infancy; even back in 1996 you could start a
       | software company easily with just one guy behind a single
       | workstation and maybe a server rack.
        
       | hn8788 wrote:
       | It sounds like the same problem as the gaming industry, where
       | people are really passionate about it and are willing to work for
       | peanuts to be in the industry. I started doing some hobby game
       | development, and I was suprised at how many "good enough" art and
       | sound assets are freely available because of artists trying to
       | get noticed.
        
       | AaronM wrote:
       | The Trash Taste Podcast on YouTube interviews an animator working
       | in Japan (Ken Arto), really fascinating, and directly related to
       | this discussion
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9ulkFRXkvQ
        
       | ulzeraj wrote:
       | If by animators you mean people who create the frames between key
       | frames designed by the character designers then I'm pretty sure
       | this work is often outsourced to chinese and south korean studios
       | that pay a penny to their employees.
       | 
       | I think the only exception to that was Kyoto Animation (KyoAni)
       | Studio which made fame for treating their employees very well.
       | Unfortunately they were targeted by an arson attack in 2019.
        
       | umvi wrote:
       | Are the profits not shared with the animators?
       | 
       | It boggles my mind that an anime as popular as One Punch Man got
       | awarded to a bottom-of-the-barrel anime studio for S2. I mean,
       | you can see the stark contrast between seasons 1 and 2. Season 2
       | has very sparse action scenes, and heavily utilizes off-screen
       | talking (i.e. the camera is panning some static background while
       | a conversation is taking place so the animators don't have to
       | animate). That leads me to believe the money/profits generated by
       | the success of a season is getting eaten by ip owners and
       | middlemen, and that the studio itself is fighting for the scraps.
       | If so, that incentive structure needs to change if you want to
       | increase the quality of the anime. Can anyone who knows more
       | about the anime business model in Japan chime in? Is this a case
       | of IP owners holding an iron grip on the rights and profits and
       | being stingy with anime studios?
       | 
       | At any rate, I'm surprised more American-based anime studios
       | aren't springing up to poach Japan's top animation talent with
       | top pay.
        
         | verall wrote:
         | In the traditional model, the anime is marketing material for
         | the franchise. Money is in figures, merchandise, and manga,
         | which usually all existed before the anime was created.
         | Generally only established studios with plenty of funds do
         | original (not first portrayed in another medium) anime.
         | 
         | OPM went to JC for S2 because the very expensive S1 from
         | Madhouse had already satisfied the goal of bringing tons of new
         | fans to the franchise.
         | 
         | This is changing though, as anime is getting cheaper to produce
         | and international viewers are increasing.
        
           | noodle wrote:
           | > OPM went to JC for S2 because the very expensive S1 from
           | Madhouse had already satisfied the goal of bringing tons of
           | new fans to the franchise.
           | 
           | IIRC it was also scheduling. Madhouse was booked up for a
           | while.
        
         | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
         | A likelier hypothesis is that for every One Punch Man, there's
         | a dozen mediocre series that flop and need to be carried by the
         | profits of the series that succeed, analogous to the games
         | industry and Hollywood movies, which are also hit-driven
         | entertainment.
        
           | Balgair wrote:
           | I'd hazard a guess that the industry is Power Law
           | distributed, as opposed to Gaussian distributed. Power Laws
           | take a few names depending on your field, but some common
           | ones are Pareto distributions, winner-take-all, or fat-
           | headed/long-tailed. The underlying math is the same though.
           | These distributions are also quite wide ranging, everything
           | from tax bills to the size of asteroids is Power Law
           | distributed.
           | 
           | If anyone knows the 'mechanism' as to why so many disparate
           | measures end up as Power Laws, I'd love to read more on it,
           | as I;m sure other HNers would too.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_law
        
         | ulzeraj wrote:
         | I don't think the article makes this clear but animators are
         | the people who are responsible to create the frames between key
         | frames designed by the actual designers. This also means that
         | the person described in the article is competing with studios
         | in China and other asian countries that do the same work for
         | very cheap prices because they have access to cheap labor.
        
         | mc10 wrote:
         | I think there are multiple hypothesized reasons, but I haven't
         | seen any numerical figures so it's hard to confirm how
         | impactful each is:
         | 
         | - Anime production committees
         | (https://blog.sakugabooru.com/2017/05/02/what-is-an-animes-
         | pr...) take a large portion of the profit from a show, and
         | studios often see very little (they're often not on the
         | production committees).
         | 
         | - If the studio doesn't own the IP, they'll likely have to pay
         | a hefty amount for it.
         | 
         | - There's not much actual revenue from anime: historically
         | studios have tried to monetize via _extraordinarily_ expensive
         | DVDs of the episodes (such that only die-hard fans would buy
         | them), and merchandise, but apparently the studios don 't even
         | get all of the revenue from these sources. Streaming is
         | becoming more popular but I'm not sure how much revenue
         | Crunchyroll/Netflix/etc. shares with the studios.
         | 
         | - Anime is often seen as an advertisement for the original
         | source material (usually manga), so there's less incentive for
         | certain parties on the production committee to monetize.
        
         | Smithalicious wrote:
         | JC Staff, a "bottom of the barrel studio"? Which universe? (and
         | I say that as someone who personally really doesn't like the
         | studio)
        
         | ramy_d wrote:
         | https://deadline.com/2021/02/avatar-the-last-airbender-franc...
        
         | phailhaus wrote:
         | > Are the profits not shared with the animators?
         | 
         | Doesn't matter. Even if profit sharing were implemented, the
         | boss gets to choose the percentage of the profit that animators
         | get. Due to supply and demand, they'll still get the short end
         | of the stick. Definitely better than nothing, but the problem
         | will continue to exist in another form.
        
         | minikites wrote:
         | If workers were paid more, that leaves less money for the
         | executives, who are the real heroes under capitalism.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | stevenwoo wrote:
         | For a counter example of why American-based anime studios
         | aren't popping up, an ostensibly American production, The
         | Simpsons, has had Korean studios in the credits for the major
         | parts of animation from the very first episode, same with
         | Avatar: The Last Airbender. If you watch The Simpsons on DVD,
         | in one of the season one specials Groenig talks about getting
         | the animatics from Korea and having to go back and forth with
         | the Korean studio until they captured the look that was
         | desired. The producers will outsource to get the cheapest
         | production. IIRC American animation in all media was dwindling
         | at this point because studios didn't want to pay Americans to
         | do the animation. The current Japanese studio doing Attack on
         | Titan is outsourcing components to Vietnamese and Chinese
         | studios probably for the same sort of reason.
        
           | zerocrates wrote:
           | Outsourcing of at least parts of the production is
           | essentially totally widespread, in both the US and Japan, as
           | far as I'm aware.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >If so, that incentive structure needs to change if you want to
         | increase the quality of the anime.
         | 
         | The incentive is that if the anime is low quality, people won't
         | watch anymore.
        
           | minikites wrote:
           | How does that affect the executive making that decision, who
           | is already wealthy? It's not like executives are ever
           | punished for poorly running a company.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >How does that affect the executive making that decision,
             | who is already wealthy
             | 
             | But your other comment[1] seems to suggest that executives
             | love money and want to make more, so they would definitely
             | be affected by that decision.
             | 
             | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26275488
             | 
             | >It's not like executives are ever punished for poorly
             | running a company.
             | 
             | Their bonuses are linked to company performance, and they
             | can be fired just like any other job.
        
               | fishmaster wrote:
               | > Their bonuses are linked to company performance
               | 
               | As history shows this isn't really true.
        
               | minikites wrote:
               | >Their bonuses are linked to company performance, and
               | they can be fired just like any other job.
               | 
               | So they get fired, then what? They get hired by another
               | company for more money because now they have experience.
               | That's what I mean about not being punished.
               | 
               | No executive ever ends up destitute and on the streets.
               | We should strive for all workers to have the same safety
               | net as executives.
        
         | s_m_t wrote:
         | You shouldn't think of the anime in isolation. They are
         | multimedia franchises. The anime is there to sell the manga,
         | the figures, the light novel, etc.
        
           | klmadfejno wrote:
           | The most recognizables ones are, but I'd wager most anime has
           | no such ambitions.
        
             | drewwwwww wrote:
             | you'd be wrong, as far as i'm aware. almost all anime in
             | the current system is an adaptation of a manga or LN - the
             | anime comes at the end of the multimedia expansion project.
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | Or an adaptation of a game; the ones with multiple
               | endings even sometimes receive multiple anime projects to
               | show off aspects of the different paths and different
               | endings.
        
           | andrewmcwatters wrote:
           | It's probably widely why Pokemon is so successful. It's not
           | about the show, it's about selling all the other products.
           | The show is one big advertisement. And it's good, too.
           | 
           | Or at least it was, when I was a kid watching it on a CRT. I
           | have no idea what it's like now.
        
             | konart wrote:
             | Still there.
             | 
             | Also Gundam. The whole franchise was initially a way to
             | promote model kit :D
        
             | jolmg wrote:
             | That reminds me of how excited I got when I got a pokedex
             | and workable pokeballs from Santa. It's been a long time
             | since there were only 150 Pokemon. I wonder if they're even
             | still using pokedexes in the series.
             | 
             | I also got a couple of digivices from Digimon, from the
             | second and fourth(?) season. I remember they had story
             | modes and contacts at the top for multiplayer gameplay, as
             | well as a walking sensor for story advancement which you
             | could cheat by just shaking the device for hours. My friend
             | with whom I battled it out never had a chance because he
             | actually tried walking the distance. That's until he
             | noticed the gap between our digimon was getting too big
             | despite all the walking he did, and I ended up telling him
             | the trick. Quite a facepalm moment right there. Those were
             | neat little devices for our ages back then.
        
               | Igelau wrote:
               | > I wonder if they're even still using pokedexes in the
               | series.
               | 
               | The pokedex itself is a pokemon now. It hosts a Rotom.
        
               | kylegill wrote:
               | My friend was the one with the working pokedex and boy
               | was I jealous. Lots of Pokemon nostalgia thinking about
               | all the gizmos and toys I bought, trading cards, video
               | games, marbles, action figures, you name it.
               | 
               | Fun time to be nostalgic since tomorrow is the 25th
               | anniversary too.
        
           | kylegill wrote:
           | Very true pointing out the multi in multimedia. Just like
           | musicians, they make a big chunk of their earnings off of
           | merchandise and concerts and not just record sales and
           | royalties.
        
             | bjelkeman-again wrote:
             | Actually, the wast majority of musicians make nothing at
             | all. Even fairly popular bands don't.
             | 
             | "That you'd better be in it for the music, because you sure
             | as hell aren't going to make any money from being in a
             | metal band, certainly in this day and age."
             | 
             | https://www.loudersound.com/features/peripherys-spencer-
             | sote...
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.is/uCZTd
        
       | leecarraher wrote:
       | Join your local unions if possible:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Animation_Guild,_IATSE_Loc... ,
       | and support union made motion pictures.
        
       | ridaj wrote:
       | Gee this makes me glad that I'm passionate about software rather
       | than anime. I can totally imagine companies pitting workers
       | against each other in our field too. I mean they do to some
       | extent but people can make a reasonable living.
        
       | coldtea wrote:
       | Cleanliness is booming too, but cleaning persons also live in
       | poverty.
       | 
       | It's because:
       | 
       | (a) we don't compensate jobs based on their difficulty or the
       | financial success of the product, but on how hard it is to find
       | people to do them when we need them.
       | 
       | If there were 100 qualified surgeons for every patient needing an
       | operation, and would stampede each other for a chance to work and
       | get paid, we'd pay them $25/hour too.
       | 
       | (b) we allow businesses to profit wildly while not paying enough
       | (by exploiting (a)), because we have the taboo that not meddling
       | with the market is the best course of action. A more englightened
       | society that didn't pay too much attention to economy pundits
       | working for rich people, might find a way for better revenue
       | sharing with employees...
        
         | Eridrus wrote:
         | Fulfilling/prestigious jobs will also generally get paid less
         | because people will take extra pay cuts to have them.
        
         | LudwigNagasena wrote:
         | >(b) we allow businesses to profit wildly while not paying
         | enough (by exploiting (a)), because we have the taboo that not
         | meddling with the market is the best course of action. A more
         | englightened society that didn't pay too much attention to
         | economy pundits working for rich people, might find a way for
         | better revenue sharing with employees...
         | 
         | Governments meddle with the economy all the time, there was a
         | short period of laissez faire being the dominant thought in the
         | Western World in 18th and 19th century, but after WWI. Nowadays
         | governments command 30-60% of GDP.
        
         | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
         | > (b) we allow businesses to profit wildly while not paying
         | enough (by exploiting (a)), because we have the taboo that not
         | meddling with the market is the best course of action. A more
         | englightened society that didn't pay too much attention to
         | economy pundits working for rich people, might find a way for
         | better revenue sharing with employees...
         | 
         | And because we've been taught that discussing how much you earn
         | is taboo, especially with your colleagues.
        
         | neonological wrote:
         | Animators are more rare and much more in demand then
         | programmers relative to the size of the industry IMO. The skill
         | is also harder overall. Drawing and animating the human form in
         | three dimensions is harder then programming.
         | 
         | I don't think it's a supply side problem. Another phenomenon is
         | happening here. Animators do have the option of unionizing
         | which mitigates these sorts of issues.
        
           | dubcanada wrote:
           | Animation is not a difficult task, yes it's difficult in the
           | sense to be amazing you need skill (same with programming)
           | but the rest is actually just copying and pasting with slight
           | tweaks based on someone elses art/direction.
           | 
           | But it's also art. Painting, cobbler, pottery, blacksmith,
           | etc have always been sought after jobs and yet are and have
           | been the least paid throughout our history.
        
             | neonological wrote:
             | No they don't do that. Especially for anime. What they have
             | found is that the copy paste and tweak method produces
             | stiff results so no one in the industry does that. It's a
             | weird phenomenon.
             | 
             | Every frame is literally sketched by hand entirely which
             | makes actual skill required. Anime especially given the
             | more realistic human proportions and extensive use of
             | z-axis. For something like sponge bob or South Park in the
             | US it's much easier... but in Japan the animation is a real
             | skill.
             | 
             | Take a look at this:
             | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Yglxt331WoY . This type of
             | skill of animating is basically non existent now in any
             | place other then japan.
             | 
             | Also blacksmiths were not always the least paid. Prior to
             | the industrial revolution it was a common job.
        
               | Arnavion wrote:
               | You've cherry-picked examples of big budget scenes.
               | 
               | The vast majority of anime is static backgrounds with
               | slow pans and static characters with mouth flaps. The
               | backgrounds and characters often get outsourced and the
               | studio just adds facial features and mouth flaps.
        
               | neonological wrote:
               | It's not that cherry picky. There's thousands of scenes
               | like the one I posted that require raw skill. Yes the
               | majority of anime is mouth flapping but every episode
               | usually contains at least one or two or more action
               | scenes where real skill is involved.
               | 
               | If anything the people who do these scenes which I'm
               | assuming is the same people who do the mouth flapping
               | requires raw skill that is not easy to come by.
               | 
               | If there is a role for a low skill artist that
               | exclusively does mouth flapping then yes it's an
               | oversupply side issue for those people, but it does not
               | explain the low wage of the person who does the action
               | scenes.
        
         | ApolloFortyNine wrote:
         | >Median annual earnings for key illustrators and other top-line
         | talent increased to about $36,000 in 2019 from around $29,000
         | in 2015
         | 
         | So it would seem this article is truly about the animators
         | responsible for the animation between keyframes. Unfortunately
         | I can't find the article on the making of anime I had once
         | read, but basically, the key frame artists are drawn by those
         | truly responsible for the art style you see. The animation work
         | between frames truly is grunt work (this is the truth, I'm
         | sorry if you find this offensive) that is accomplishable by
         | many.
         | 
         | And lets not pretend that shows with good animation are
         | automatically a success. You need a good story, good pacing
         | (direction), and in most cases you need to choose the story
         | from a pile of hundreds of possibilities.
         | 
         | And, as is often forgotten when the whole "revenue sharing with
         | employees" is brought up, the employee is staking no capital
         | and can leave at any time. If the anime fails, surely you don't
         | suggest "revenue sharing" that loss with the employees.
         | 
         | The vast majority of anime does fail, or only serves as an
         | advertisement for the source. Just look at any given season of
         | anime, the majority of anime is not well received.
        
         | heldrida wrote:
         | In contrast to your statement, which sounds wise but I doubt
         | it, I find that there's way more programmers, then there are
         | animators; and programmers are usually paid very well.
         | 
         | I did some 3d animation in the past, and once in awhile do some
         | 2d animation. I've never met anyone else who does traditional
         | 2d animation in person, in comparison with the zillions of
         | programmers out there in the wild.
        
           | GoblinSlayer wrote:
           | Unfortunately 3dpd is all the rage, barely anyone does 2d.
        
           | smabie wrote:
           | supply and demand. Not very many companies do animation.
        
         | rhino369 wrote:
         | >(b) we allow businesses to profit wildly while not paying
         | enough (by exploiting (a)), because we have the taboo that not
         | meddling with the market is the best course of action. A more
         | englightened society that didn't pay too much attention to
         | economy pundits working for rich people, might find a way for
         | better revenue sharing with employees...
         | 
         | You have to be careful there because the overwhelming surplus
         | of cheaply acquired goods/services goes to the people who
         | received the goods and services and not the person selling the
         | goods and services.
         | 
         | Businesses only capture it when they have a competitive
         | advantage (either because they have no competition or b/c the
         | cost savings can't be matched by a competitor).
         | 
         | Grocery clerks are lowly paid. But grocery is a competitive,
         | low margin business. So those low wages mostly mean cheap food.
        
           | nullserver wrote:
           | So we want government setting pay rates for anime artist? How
           | about quotas. Government pays on a per episode completed.
           | More content created the more is paid.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | Sounds like a good way to produce cookie cutter shows for
             | the sole purpose of getting government funding.
        
         | 0xfaded wrote:
         | Lawyers are a counterexample. There are more law graduates than
         | jobs. But starting salaries haven't gone down.
         | 
         | David Graeber made this observation, and suggested some sort of
         | class tribalism.
         | 
         | Btw, to use cleaning as a specific example, taxation of
         | domestic services is broken in almost every (western?) country
         | and skews how people spend their time and money. Most
         | professionals would happily trade an hour of work for an hour
         | of cleaning services, however, by the time you put income tax
         | (and VAT in my case) on top, your hours need to be about 2.5x
         | times as valuable as your counterparty.
        
           | foolinaround wrote:
           | law and med schools act to limit supply..
        
           | eecc wrote:
           | My take is that our (economically) liberal social order
           | refuses to accept interdependence, especially towards the
           | services that guarantee our otherness from our wild state
           | (basically all essential ones such as nurses, garbage, etc)
           | 
           | It's basically a psychological refusal of our vulnerability
           | in the world
        
           | milesvp wrote:
           | I know someone who did law school career counseling at one
           | point. The glut of lawyers has had a downward pressure on law
           | salaries, but pay and even hiring tends to be highly
           | correlated with the tier of the law school a lawyer grated
           | from. I'm not sure I'd call this class tribalism, so much as
           | a great filter. People who get into top law schools tend to
           | be super competitive and are going to tend to be competent as
           | well, so you're at least partially filtering out people who
           | are likely going to be willing to work for low compensation.
           | If starting pay dropped low enough, these lawyers would be
           | going and getting other jobs. My friend used to laugh about
           | the low end internships complaining about why students
           | weren't rushing to fill their position, and she had to
           | constantly remind them that if their pay was even marginally
           | close to the local minimum wage then her students had better
           | options elsewhere.
        
           | dgfitz wrote:
           | I believe lawyer salaries (at least in the US) have a bi-
           | modal distribution. [1]
           | 
           | Edit: What I mean to say is, the good lawyers make the same
           | good money, the vast majority of lawyers do not.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.nalp.org/salarydistrib
        
             | aphextron wrote:
             | >Edit: What I mean to say is, the good lawyers make the
             | same good money, the vast majority of lawyers do not.
             | 
             | It's also not even about being a "good" lawyer. It is
             | completely determined by your law school and GPA. The big
             | firms won't even look at your resume if you're not from a
             | top 10 school.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | The lawyer who helped my mom write her will was a co-
               | worker at a department store before he went to night
               | school and got a law degree.
               | 
               | He was good at that area of law, one which everyone
               | encounters at least once in life. He did not do the work
               | million-dollar lawyers do and he did make millions.
        
               | dmoy wrote:
               | T13, and with some exceptions (some law firms will draw a
               | top few students from more local law schools, for
               | example, also certain specialties get different
               | treatment).
               | 
               | But generally yes. School first, then class rank.
        
           | 23iofj wrote:
           | _> There are more law graduates than jobs. But starting
           | salaries haven 't gone down._
           | 
           | Perhaps this isn't true? It's possible that salaries for
           | lawyers are not going down, but that salaries for law
           | graduates _are_ going down (because not all law grads become
           | lawyers).
           | 
           | Also, I thought salaries outside the major firms have
           | cratered? (Or maybe were never all that high to begin with
           | but law school has become crazy expensive and the lower
           | ranked schools are churning out more and more people? IDK.)
           | 
           | My local bartender has a JD and passed the bar. He bartends
           | because it pays better.
        
           | duxup wrote:
           | Yeah I know some folks who are attorneys and you mention
           | another lawyer and they don't care, but once they hear where
           | the other attorney works they're suddenly ALL ears.
           | 
           | The difference is vast when it comes to the lawyers who I
           | know who are making incredible amounts of money and those who
           | are just... somewhat independent small business folks.
        
           | fhrow4484 wrote:
           | The difference between lawyer jobs and house cleaning jobs,
           | is if suddenly the demand of both jobs surge such that they
           | all pay $500k/year, people could quit their $499k-and-less
           | job _today_ and start their house cleaning job.
           | 
           | That's not the case for starting lawyering, you have to: Go
           | to law school, pass the bar, have a set of specialized skills
           | than cleaning doesn't require.
           | 
           | This combination of skill and long (and costly...) processs
           | is what keeps lawyer salaries higher.
        
             | MeinBlutIstBlau wrote:
             | It's why comp sci is still a high paying field. You have to
             | know low level programming, basic circuitry, and how coding
             | works. And the hardest part is you can't bs your way
             | through this field. It's extraordinarily easy to point out
             | someone bluffing on a resume with a simple linked list or
             | binary tree test. With lawyers or business people, it's all
             | about connections.
        
               | sidlls wrote:
               | > And the hardest part is you can't bs your way through
               | this field.
               | 
               | What makes you think that? It's pretty trivial to cram
               | for the coding and design questions, and be a mediocre
               | engineer on a good career trajectory.
        
           | Shivetya wrote:
           | Well there is that pesky problem where animators and cleaners
           | not being used or existing won't land you in jail or fined
           | beyond your means to pay but having a lawyer can help
           | mitigate or prevent it.
           | 
           | we live in a society that is heavily litigated because we
           | have governments at all levels churning out laws and
           | regulations to their benefit and those of their supporters.
           | 
           | There are some fields that exist to protect you from physical
           | and financial harm and those will always exist and be
           | desirable until we can eliminate the causes.
        
             | blobbers wrote:
             | Exactly.
             | 
             | Watching Gantz, you wait for that moment at the end where
             | something happens and realize you've wasted 10 hours of
             | your life.
             | 
             | Accused of a crime? You may realize you've wasted your life
             | in jail because you hired a bad lawyer.
        
           | mrtksn wrote:
           | Lawyers don't give away their trade secrets and have
           | something like trade union that is not trade union, unlike
           | engineers and artists.
           | 
           | If you want to learn how to solve any engineering problem or
           | how to create an illustration you can choose from ample
           | amount of tutorials that are free or very cheap and teach
           | specifics. If that's not enough, you can ask veterans for
           | guidance and most will happily help you out and even give you
           | specific detailed answers to your problems. People also would
           | be hired based on their performance and no one will ask for
           | diploma if you show performance.
           | 
           | On the other hand, if you ask a lawyer they will be extremely
           | vague and would never solve your problem or guide yo without
           | a pay even if the solution is something practical like "Go to
           | the Home Office, find the whatever manager and ask for the
           | hr-103/B form".
           | 
           | They also would limit practicing through memberships to
           | professional organisations, limiting the practice only to
           | formally trained lawyers.
        
           | ForHackernews wrote:
           | Salaries in law are famously bimodal:
           | https://www.biglawinvestor.com/bimodal-salary-
           | distribution-c...
           | 
           | Law is a very status-conscious industry (even more than
           | software) and so most of that oversupply of law graduates are
           | not "in the club". They get paid relatively low wages and
           | have to fight with each other for peanuts.
           | 
           | Some much smaller fraction of law graduates from top schools
           | or who otherwise have the right connections get paid
           | extremely high salaries because they are only competing with
           | each other.
        
             | YinglingLight wrote:
             | Journalism weeds itself of those not "in the club" via
             | unpaid or barely paid internships in the highest COL
             | cities.
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | What's the relevance of journalism? It's not a lucrative
               | industry and neither are individual journalists well-
               | paid.
        
               | kevinmchugh wrote:
               | This is pretty recent, I think. There used to be a lot
               | more newspapers with dedicated newsrooms in smaller
               | cities. Carl Bernstein's first job was in Elizabeth, NJ.
               | CJ Chivers started in Providence, RI. Dean Baquet started
               | in NOLA.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Journalism is quite different in that most journalists
               | don't make all that much. Also credentialing isn't nearly
               | as big a factor. In fact, a lot of people in the industry
               | look down on J-schools. The common career path among the
               | non-freelance journalists I know at more prestigious
               | publications is knocking around trade pubs and (at least
               | formerly) small city papers before getting their break.
               | (But, yes, connections matter too.)
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | There is some middle ground of corporate lawyers and
             | partners at smaller but relatively prosperous practices.
             | But, yes, for the many it's making partner at a white shoe
             | firm which tends to require attending one of a fairly small
             | number of law schools and getting a prestigious clerkship--
             | or you're running ads in the subway.
             | 
             | You do get supply demand corrections over time though. If
             | you know you'll be making minimum wage if you didn't go to
             | a top law school a lot of people would stop doing so.
        
             | neura wrote:
             | There are very few to no situations where your company or
             | reputation or even your way of life depends on your
             | cleaning service.
             | 
             | Or another way to look at this is that lawyers get paid
             | based on their reputation. Firms with a high reputation
             | only have the ability to hire so many new lawyers. Those
             | positions are indeed highly sought after, because that's
             | how you get paid well, by getting in with a firm that
             | already has a reputation. You're going to have a hard time
             | starting out on your own, building up a reputation. Hell,
             | sometimes you need to have built enough of a reputation
             | just to get a position with a firm that has a high
             | reputation.
             | 
             | While people/companies are looking for the best person/firm
             | they can afford to represent them... cleaners are still
             | just cleaners.
        
         | chadash wrote:
         | > If there were 100 qualified surgeons for every patient
         | needing an operation, and would stampede each other for a
         | chance to work and get paid, we'd pay them $25/hour too.
         | 
         | The number of surgeons is artificially low because of limits on
         | the number of residency spots in this country. So I agree that
         | prices can probably come down, somewhat. However, attorneys are
         | not limited in the same way but can still cost a fortune,
         | because people are willing to pay a lot for perceived value
         | when there's a high stakes outcome. Some things just aren't
         | worth farming out to the lowest bidder.
        
           | blobbers wrote:
           | That's not "artificially" low.
           | 
           | You need to do a residency to be properly trained to handle
           | all kinds of situations. Your surgeon can't be in a position
           | of "well I've never done this in a supervised setting so let
           | me go find someone to teach me" as the lead surgeon. That's
           | exactly the reason they do a residency.
        
             | komodo009 wrote:
             | That's fine. The artificial part is limits placed on how
             | many residencies there are available.
             | 
             | https://www.ucop.edu/federal-governmental-
             | relations/_files/f...
        
             | chadash wrote:
             | What's artificially low is the number of residency slots.
             | In other words, it's not just that you have to clear a bar
             | to be a surgeon. It's that there are literally X number of
             | slots and if you don't get one of them, you're out,
             | regardless of whether you would qualify. I'd say it's an
             | artificial constraint since there are far more people
             | trying to get into med school (not a specific school... med
             | school generally) than there are slots.
             | 
             | With law, for example, you have to go to law school and
             | pass a test, but if you do, you are in. There's a lot of
             | law schools out there, to the point where a large
             | percentage of people graduating don't get good jobs. The
             | same isn't true for medical residency graduates.
        
         | ggreer wrote:
         | > (b) we allow businesses to profit wildly while not paying
         | enough (by exploiting (a)), because we have the taboo that not
         | meddling with the market is the best course of action. A more
         | englightened society that didn't pay too much attention to
         | economy pundits working for rich people, might find a way for
         | better revenue sharing with employees...
         | 
         | The highest profit margin I can find is Toei Animation, which
         | in 2020 made 11.4 billion yen in profit on 54.8 billion yen in
         | sales[1], giving them a 20% profit margin. If every animation
         | studio had that high of a profit margin and 100% of profits
         | went to workers, industry wages would rise 20%. Though if that
         | were the case, the company's profits would be zero and one bad
         | year would end them.
         | 
         | 1.
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20200930164251/http://corp.toei-...
        
           | newsclues wrote:
           | Do we know there is no Hollywood accounting in animation?
        
             | ggreer wrote:
             | We can't be completely sure, but the assets, sales, and
             | employee numbers look reasonable to me.
             | 
             | The only weird corporate structure I found was Studio
             | Ghibli. Their museum's store (but not the museum itself) is
             | run by Mammayuto Co., Ltd.[1] This company loses 60 million
             | yen a year but has only 1 million yen in liabilities. I'm
             | guessing it's a way for Studio Ghibli to avoid taxes of
             | some kind.
             | 
             | https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ja&u=https:
             | /...
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | There is not an overabundance of quality content. Almost nobody
         | pays a lot more for a "better cleaner". Popular art is not
         | commodity . The problem here clearly is the lack of an easy way
         | to pay .
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | When I changed careers and did a coding bootcamp there were a
         | handful of "thought I wanted to make video games but too many
         | other people felt the same way" guys and girls in there.
        
         | closeparen wrote:
         | We don't have unlimited capacity for everyone who wants to make
         | a good living doing $X to do be satisfied. They can hustle for
         | a low-paying opportunity or they can just be told "no" by a
         | central planner, hiring hall union, credentialing admissions
         | process, etc.
         | 
         | That may solve an observer's concern about profit/exploitation,
         | but it leaves the worker with strictly fewer options.
         | 
         |  _People not getting what they want is just as bad whether or
         | not anyone else is benefitting at the same time._
        
         | Aerroon wrote:
         | > _A more englightened society that didn 't pay too much
         | attention to economy pundits working for rich people, might
         | find a way for better revenue sharing with employees..._
         | 
         | How would this avoid (a) and (b) though? Your society needs to
         | somehow balance what jobs people do. There is no real way to
         | measure how difficult a job is. You could argue that hard
         | manual labor is a very difficult job, yet there are many people
         | who prefer that to sitting down, learning a lot and then doing
         | a mentally exhausting desk job. The willingness of people to do
         | a job needs to be accounted for when you're deciding whether a
         | job is difficult or not, but this very much depends on the
         | person. How would you account for this without looking at how
         | difficult it is to replace a person doing a specific job?
        
         | koonsolo wrote:
         | > might find a way for better revenue sharing with employees
         | 
         | Most people want a steady paycheck at the end of the month and
         | (a feeling of) security. This seems to cost money indeed.
         | 
         | At least in Europe, when you are a freelancer, you earn
         | considerably more for doing the same job. Why? Because of the
         | earlier mentioned point.
         | 
         | You would think most people would start freelancing because of
         | this, but it's not true. Most prefer the safety.
        
         | ampdepolymerase wrote:
         | And this is why we need to break down the apprenticeship based
         | training system in medicine. The monopoly on knowledge that
         | such a small group of people have is tremendously bad for
         | society and more importantly, progress.
        
           | gameman144 wrote:
           | What would be a suitable alternative? Not necessarily against
           | this, but I can say that I'd personally never go to a doctor
           | who hadn't had extensive clinical training as part of their
           | education, at least not for anything serious.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | There are plenty of things I'd go to a doctor for even if
             | they had 90% less medical training.
             | 
             | Get prescriptions to variously mostly safe drugs anti
             | depressants/weight loss drugs/blood pressure medicine,
             | dandruff shampoo.
             | 
             | Refill any prescription.
             | 
             | Those two items are probably 80% of the reason anyone I
             | know goes to a doctor.
             | 
             | Now for surgeons.
             | 
             | It's true that you want someone with a lot of experience
             | for surgery but there are still ways to get more highly
             | trained surgeons. Throw out undergrad requirements for med
             | school, if the average career for a fully trained surgeon
             | in 16 years we've just increased the supply by ~25%.
             | 
             | Allow surgeons from other countries to come practice in the
             | U.S. without completing a full residency. We could easily
             | suck up the worlds surgeons because we pay so much more.
             | 
             | Open up/pay for more residency spots.
        
               | gameman144 wrote:
               | > There are plenty of things I'd go to a doctor for even
               | if they had 90% less medical training.
               | 
               | As mentioned below, PAs and NPs already do a lot of these
               | tasks. However, the big value-add I see in MDs as opposed
               | to seeing NPs or PAs with problems is that they have the
               | depth and breadth of training to have first-hand
               | experience with the exceptions to normal circumstances.
               | 
               | The standard medical mantra of "if you hear hoof beats,
               | think horses, not zebras" works great for normal
               | scenarios. If there actually _is_ a zebra situation,
               | though, I have far more faith in professionals with
               | extensive clinical training at identifying those
               | situations.
               | 
               | > Those two items are probably 80% of the reason anyone I
               | know goes to a doctor.
               | 
               | Regarding prescriptions, this may be blind faith in
               | regulatory institutions, but I assume that there is a
               | reason that mostly-safe drugs require a prescription. If
               | the criteria for prescription refills or simple
               | procedures doesn't require the full breadth/depth of
               | clinical training, though, then NPs and PAs already exist
               | to fill that role.
               | 
               | > We could easily suck up the worlds surgeons because we
               | pay so much more.
               | 
               | I'd argue that this is an explicit non-goal. We don't
               | want to attract the most surgeons/doctors, we want the
               | surgeons/doctors we have to be trained and practiced to
               | an extremely high bar. You're definitely right that there
               | are lots of scenarios which don't require this extremely
               | high bar, and that's the reason why not all medical
               | personnel are doctors. Nurses and physician assistants
               | play a critical role in healthcare specifically _because_
               | they can tackle those 80% of cases you mentioned, but the
               | way around this isn 't to dilute the training of medical
               | doctors, it's to delegate the work that's better
               | performed by others to those others.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | lc9er wrote:
               | > Those two items are probably 80% of the reason anyone I
               | know goes to a doctor.
               | 
               | This role seems to be increasingly filled by Physicians
               | Assistants and Nurse Practitioners.
        
         | CyberRage wrote:
         | Not relevant at all.
         | 
         | Good artists and animators are very hard to find. It is about
         | culture more than anything. Japan is the problem.
        
         | rasz wrote:
         | $25/hour is what Surgeons dream of in Europe east of Germany.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | (b) Minimum wage and safe working conditions are a thing in
         | most developed countries.
         | 
         | However, enforcement is another story. While Japan's
         | prefectural minimum wages range from Y=714 to Y=932 per hour
         | (6.71+$) for all workers, that's often ignored.
        
         | diob wrote:
         | Follow on to a)
         | 
         | Society is also structured in such a way that for the most part
         | every job will have folks clamoring for it. When you are born
         | without capital, you have to take what you can get.
         | 
         | Unfortunately I think it's going to keep getting worse as
         | wealth inequality increases.
         | 
         | Imagine walking into a monopoly game where each piece is
         | already bought and owned. Try to win at that. Instead, I could
         | imagine you wind up working for someone, and feed them a
         | majority of the profit while you get scraps.
         | 
         | I don't have good solutions for how to fix this, other than
         | perhaps universal basic income would alleviate things.
        
           | dystend wrote:
           | You should look up the Mondragon Corporation. It's a worker
           | owned cooperative. Highly democratic institution. I'd
           | postulate that by and large due to the nature of it, and with
           | tens of thousands of similar edifices in concert we could
           | excise a great deal of power (wealth) from the government and
           | corporations, placing it in the hands of the people who
           | earned it.
           | 
           | Entities like this can't get funding though, since it
           | endangers the contemporary business model and leaves little
           | in the way of profit for banksters since by nature company
           | stock is traded only internally, exchanged between employee
           | and the company to prevent external interlopers from gaining
           | a foothold. Governments would also see a great deal of their
           | power dissolved as a product of the internal democratic
           | processes dealing with social issues.
           | 
           | It comes with issues, but with multiplicity, I think the
           | stratification would be greatly remedied. The stratification
           | comes from non-owners participating in the business, they
           | don't have voting rights and they're subject to lower
           | compensation, generally. That's what we're subject to now,
           | generally, in any case. With more companies following this
           | modality, I believe that would be alleviated to a degree
           | where if one was insistent they could always find an
           | opportunity to become a worker-owner.
        
         | throw_m239339 wrote:
         | > , but on how hard it is to find people to do them when we
         | need them.
         | 
         | This isn't even the case. Last season in my country fruits were
         | rotting in the fields cause nobody was there to pick them up.
         | Did farmers increase salaries in order to get more fruit
         | pickers? No.
         | 
         | Here, I suspect the obvious in the anime industry, like in many
         | entertainment sectors including VFX: salary fixing between
         | studios to keep pays low.
         | 
         | > If there were 100 qualified surgeons for every patient
         | needing an operation, and would stampede each other for a
         | chance to work and get paid, we'd pay them $25/hour too.
         | 
         | Given how opaque the healthcare industry is when it comes to
         | cost for non elective surgeries, I doubt costs would go down
         | even if you multiplied the number of surgeons by 1000. Case
         | points: there are loads of restaurants yet the hospital will
         | steal bill a meal 20 times what it would cost in the nearby
         | restaurant.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | So, why didn't the growers offer better wages to get their
           | fruit picked? Were they ambivalent because of insurance? Or
           | perhaps they thought raising wages was futile? Some other
           | reason?
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | price elasticity[1] might be an issue. Fruit picking is
             | seasonal work, so even if the wage were attractive you'll
             | have a tough time finding people willing to quit their
             | current job just so they earn slightly more picking fruits.
             | 
             | [1]
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_elasticity_of_supply
        
           | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
           | To a first approximation: the value of the labor is a ceiling
           | on how much you can be paid to do it. The availability of
           | laborers determines the floor of the price of labor.
        
           | mcv wrote:
           | I think pay is largely a matter of power. Even bad managers
           | get paid well. CEOs that drive their company to bankruptcy
           | often still get massive bonuses on the way out. There are
           | lots of people who want to do that job, and the people doing
           | it aren't always good at it, yet still get paid a ton.
           | 
           | The worst paid are always the most powerless.
           | 
           | Of course having rare skills that are in high demand also
           | gives you power, but it's one of many kinds of power that can
           | give you more control over your own salary.
        
           | randomdata wrote:
           | _> This isn 't even the case. Last season in my country
           | fruits were rotting in the fields cause nobody was there to
           | pick them up._
           | 
           | It is the case, but leaves some assumptions on the table.
           | Namely that you understand that price exists to be a
           | deterrent, and when price rises too high you will decide that
           | you don't need something anymore.
           | 
           | The fruits rotted in the fields because they weren't worth
           | picking. There was no need to pay anyone to do a job that
           | wasn't deemed worthwhile to do in the first place.
        
             | Veen wrote:
             | > The fruits rotted in the fields because they weren't
             | worth picking.
             | 
             | That may be true, but why weren't they worth picking? In
             | agriculture, large buyers often enforce artificially low
             | prices (monopsony). Even if farmers were willing to pay
             | pickers more, there's no point if the buyers refuse to pay
             | a fair price that accounts for increased wages.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | _> but why weren 't they worth picking?_
               | 
               | The exact same reason. As the price rises in the grocery
               | store, you and I stop buying those fruits. When we stop
               | buying them, there is no need to produce even more of
               | what is already not being purchased.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > Last season in my country fruits were rotting in the fields
           | cause nobody was there to pick them up. Did farmers increase
           | salaries in order to get more fruit pickers? No.
           | 
           | Probably because raising the wages would cost them more than
           | the loss of the harvest since the price per tonne of fruit
           | was already decided by long term contracts and there were no
           | financial penalties for spoilage / mis-harvests in these
           | contracts.
           | 
           | Ever since food became a global commodity, the conditions in
           | food manufacturing became a ruthless race to the bottom -
           | with the worst offender being meatpacking. The John Oliver
           | segment last weekend was _horrifying_ to watch, even from an
           | European viewpoint (where we also have a history of
           | exploitation and animal cruelty, but nowhere even close to
           | that).
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | wilsonrocks wrote:
           | > This isn't even the case. Last season in my country fruits
           | were rotting in the fields cause nobody was there to pick
           | them up. Did farmers increase salaries in order to get more
           | fruit pickers? No.
           | 
           | Sad that this is one of the plot points of The Grapes Of
           | Wrath and is still happening today.
        
           | MattGaiser wrote:
           | > This isn't even the case. Last season in my country fruits
           | were rotting in the fields cause nobody was there to pick
           | them up. Did farmers increase salaries in order to get more
           | fruit pickers? No.
           | 
           | Is the fruit worth picking if salaries need to be increased
           | to get workers? In a lot of cases the answer is no.
           | 
           | A lot of work only makes sense at a particular salary. If
           | market salaries are above that, the work just isn't done.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | >A lot of work only makes sense at a particular salary. If
             | market salaries are above that, the work just isn't done.
             | 
             | All sorts of narrow specialized skill jobs (e.g. rebuilding
             | electric motors) have gone this way in the west.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | People can pick a lot of fruit per hour. You would need
             | something like 1 cent apples for that to be an issue.
             | 
             | At that point it's not a question of making money, but
             | minimizing losses.
        
               | konjin wrote:
               | Yet there are automated apple pickers.
               | 
               | There is no money in agriculture. The only reason why
               | most farms aren't bankrupt is because of subsidies.
        
               | estsauver wrote:
               | That's just not true. It's about 15% of net incomes
               | currently, but has hovered around 25% of net (in the US):
               | 
               | https://www.agriculture.com/news/business/us-heads-for-
               | highe....
        
               | konjin wrote:
               | It can be 1% and still be what keeps the majority of
               | farms from going under.
               | 
               | 15% is absolutely "I will go bankrupt if I don't have
               | this" territory.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | If you drop that in one year sure, but remove all
               | subsidies globally over even 10 years and the market
               | would adjust.
        
               | konjin wrote:
               | By having firms go bankrupt.
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | Food is incredibly cheap. If you can get to a farmers
               | market on a not busy day you'd be really impressed what
               | you can get.
               | 
               | Food distribution is a complete disaster. Lots of
               | middlemen between farmers and consumers inflate prices
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | In a competitive market _long term_ subsides don't
               | actually benefit the industry's profit margins. Suppose
               | we subsidize toilet paper, suddenly prices drop and
               | people might start using toilet paper for random other
               | stuff if it's cheap. However, the industry would simply
               | expand until things stayed about the same.
               | 
               | Where farm subsides play a role is dampening the boom
               | bust cycle.
        
             | mcv wrote:
             | Fruit picking is a very small part of the cost. Doubling
             | the pay of the pickers wouldn't double the price of the
             | fruit in the stores. Most likely, they'd cost about 10
             | cents extra or something. Easily worth it.
             | 
             | Whenever the milk price is low, we get farmer's protests
             | that they don't get enough for their milk. Turns out they
             | get 9 cents per liter for which I pay more than a euro. You
             | could double their pay, include it in the price, and I
             | wouldn't care.
        
               | anm89 wrote:
               | You say that and yet they opted to shut down production
               | as opposed to raising wages. That seems to be a better
               | indicator of the underlying reality than your opinion.
        
               | mcv wrote:
               | I think part of the consideration is that if they pay
               | fruit pickers more now, they fear they may have to pay
               | them more in the future as well. It's also possible they
               | simply refuse to pay fruit pickers more because they
               | strongly believe fruit pickers don't deserve better pay.
               | 
               | There are often a lot more factors at play in these sort
               | of things. Some rational, some maybe not so much.
        
               | merpnderp wrote:
               | So they set a whole season's profits on fire to stick it
               | to seasonal workers? That seems so irrational as to
               | require at least a smidgen of evidence to take seriously.
        
               | notional wrote:
               | Ever hear about NYC landlords who leave ground level
               | properties vacant for years because they'd rather lock in
               | a high paying tenant. Same principal.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | "The works of the roots of the vines, of the trees, must
               | be destroyed to keep up the price, and this is the
               | saddest, bitterest thing of all. Carloads of oranges
               | dumped on the ground. The people came for miles to take
               | the fruit, but this could not be. How would they buy
               | oranges at twenty cents a dozen if they could drive out
               | and pick them up? And men with hoses squirt kerosene on
               | the oranges, and they are angry at the crime, angry at
               | the people who have come to take the fruit. A million
               | people hungry, needing the fruit- and kerosene sprayed
               | over the golden mountains. And the smell of rot fills the
               | country."
        
               | lr4444lr wrote:
               | Yeah, except if fruit is left rotting in the fields, then
               | the supply could well be overabundant anyway and the
               | profit margin isn't worth even that small cost for the
               | workers. Absent evidence to the contrary, I will believe
               | that business owners are chiefly rational actors.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | Fruit picking is a large part of the farmers' cost. All
               | the extra cost of transportatation, storage, wholesale
               | logistics, retail and markup matters for the retail
               | price, but that's not relevant - the farmer is competing
               | for a tiny share of that retail price, and if that extra
               | ten cents goes out of _their_ share that easily makes it
               | unprofitable.
               | 
               | Your example with milk is a very good illustration -
               | something that raises the farmers costs by a few cents is
               | much more important than what it might seem based on the
               | fact that the difference is small compared t owhat the
               | retail buyer pays.
               | 
               | All the leverage that farmers have can't get them more
               | than 9 cents/liter. That's it, there's no hope for them
               | to earn 18 cents/liter - sure, the wholesalers probably
               | _could_ , but why would they gift money to other
               | businesses without any need to do so? So if your milk
               | production process gets 1 cent/liter more expensive (but
               | your competitors, possibly far away, are still willing to
               | keep the same price), you can't get 10 cents/liter, it
               | simply wrecks your profit margin - if your profit margin
               | was 11% (1 cent/liter profit out of 9 cents/liter
               | revenue), you might as well go out of business since you
               | won't be earning anything.
        
           | anoonmoose wrote:
           | Salaries for fruit pickers didn't go up because demand for
           | fruit pickers didn't go up. The farmers knew that they were
           | screwed no matter what they did- if they paid the pickers
           | more and tried to pass the costs on, they wouldn't be able to
           | sell the fruit, and if they paid the pickers more but ate the
           | cost, they wouldn't actually net a profit. So they were going
           | to lose money no matter what, and did it in the least-impact
           | way possible (let the fruit rot).
        
             | sigstoat wrote:
             | > So they were going to lose money no matter what, and did
             | it in the least-impact way possible (let the fruit rot).
             | 
             | and at least that option might help fertilize their fields
             | for next season.
        
         | bluefirebrand wrote:
         | This same story is playing out in the Videogame Industry.
         | 
         | That industry is arguably booming too, making more than it ever
         | has in the past and growing wildly year over year.
         | 
         | And yet game programmers make some of the lowest salaries among
         | all devs, last I checked. Especially at entry level.
         | 
         | To me, that entire industry seems geared towards grabbing fresh
         | faced grads who are loaded up on dreams of making games,
         | putting them in infinite crunch, and discarding them later when
         | they are burned out.
        
           | nend wrote:
           | >To me, that entire industry seems geared towards grabbing
           | fresh faced grads who are loaded up on dreams of making
           | games, putting them in infinite crunch, and discarding them
           | later when they are burned out.
           | 
           | This is the way it's "always been" for game development. When
           | I was in college 15 years ago, it was the same environment.
           | It turned me off from pursuing a career in game development
           | (among other factors). I'm sure more senior people than me
           | have similar anecdotes.
        
           | jonnycomputer wrote:
           | Unionize.
           | 
           | Seriously, just do it. Do your passion and earn a decent
           | living.
        
           | alaties wrote:
           | While there are similarities within the videogame industry,
           | one has to understand that the plight of a developer is no
           | where near as tragic as that of an animator in Japan.
           | 
           | For a developer, the skills learned for working in the
           | videogame industry are highly transferable to better paying
           | jobs outside of video games. Skills learned on the job are
           | also equally valuable outside of industry. When a developer
           | is ready to leave the videogame industry, they have skills
           | that are in demand and are able to get positions equal to
           | their experience.
           | 
           | For a 2D animator, keyframing and tweening are not well-payed
           | skills outside of the anime industry. Skills learned on the
           | job are equally not well payed. When an animator is ready to
           | leave the anime industry, they have to start at the entry
           | level of whatever new industry they're entering.
           | 
           | To find that the last few years of your life are deemed
           | meaningless by the job market after working your ass off day
           | and night... That is a real gut punch.
        
             | YinglingLight wrote:
             | That's when you market out your skills to satisfying niche
             | fetishes on the Japanese equivalent of Patreon.
             | 
             | On a serious note, there's a slew of skills an animator has
             | on their Talent Stack
             | (https://personalexcellence.co/blog/talent-stack/). Mere
             | fluency of Photoshop, Illustrator, being able to DRAW
             | period, work ethic, are no mere skills at all.
        
           | GVIrish wrote:
           | Also why the games industry remains stuck on a lot of bad
           | practices. The experienced people keep getting driven out.
        
             | the_duke wrote:
             | Do you have some examples?
             | 
             | I've never been in the gaming industry, but what I've heard
             | from some developers is that writing very dirty throwaway
             | code is the norm, since most of it is thrown away anyway
             | when the game is done. Which leads to the buggy mess we get
             | even from many triple A games, and a never ending cycle of
             | re-writing the same things for each game, even within the
             | same studio.
        
               | Jasper_ wrote:
               | Engine code is very often a small, small part of what
               | makes games "buggy". Bugs come in all sorts of shapes and
               | sizes, but a majority of the bugginess of games that I've
               | seen stems not from code, but from the large matrix of
               | combinatorics that game developers can create for
               | themselves in their designs.
               | 
               | Simple, contrived example: if I create an open-world game
               | with open-world design, I can complete quests in any
               | order. Maybe I can start doing a quest, and then decide
               | to stop doing it halfway through, or maybe I can switch
               | quests halfway through.
               | 
               | The test case matrix for this is now: every quest x every
               | other quest. If some quest spawns a timer that will do
               | something in 3 minutes, and something else forgets to
               | stop it when I switch quests, that's a bug. Maybe the
               | timer spawns some NPC, and it should stop when I switch
               | quests. Or maybe the timer will reset some world state,
               | and should fire immediately once I switch quests. But
               | maybe not always -- if I complete the quest but the game
               | internally 'switches quests' to the next one in the
               | cycle, I don't want to despawn the NPC.
               | 
               | Is this code? Not really engine code, it's more like
               | data, or scripting? It's not really the code that's
               | reusable between games, and between engines; it's custom-
               | built for the game's flow itself. That's where, in my
               | experience, a good majority of "AAA bugginess" happens.
        
               | munificent wrote:
               | Ex-game dev. This is really what it's about.
               | 
               | Every engineer knows interacting mutable state tends to
               | make code buggier. Well, a game simulating a virtual
               | world is essentially a huge ball of deeply interacting
               | mutable state _by design_.
        
             | bluefirebrand wrote:
             | That's actually something kind of funny to me. I've never
             | worked in the game industry but I have done game jams in
             | the past and I am very interested in making games as a
             | hobby.
             | 
             | One of the biggest barriers to me is getting over my need
             | to make code that I think is clean. And every time I try to
             | read about best practices in game code I come across the
             | same mentality: Who cares, write code quick and dirty, as
             | long as it works it's fine.
             | 
             | And that's fine, it's just intimidating for me to write
             | code like that. Too much perfectionism or something. Maybe
             | too much "What if I do it wrong and introduce a bug so
             | entangled in everything that I can't unravel it".
             | 
             | I wish there were even some bare minimum best practices
             | suggestions for game code.
        
               | slowmovintarget wrote:
               | Look into Jonathan Blow's work. He doesn't churn out
               | garbage code. He cares about his craft and that includes
               | artisanship in the games he builds.
        
               | smrq wrote:
               | With all due respect to Jon Blow (and I respect him a
               | whole lot!)-- I don't think he'd be able to do what he
               | does if he didn't make a boatload of money off of Braid.
        
               | gameman144 wrote:
               | But he made a boatload off of Braid _after_ he coded it.
               | Not sure I understand this point.
        
               | slifin wrote:
               | Braid itself was novel because it took game state and
               | made it immutable, immutability often needs a lot of
               | consideration
               | 
               | This is definitely speculation on my part but maybe he
               | didn't become a coder focused on his craft because of the
               | finances afforded to him from Braid, maybe he created
               | Braid a quality game because he was a coder focused on
               | his craft?
        
               | sjtindell wrote:
               | To me Braid was literally the first example of him doing
               | what he does.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Jasper_ wrote:
               | Let me offer you some advice, based on a few years in the
               | games industry: I think every other industry's approach
               | to code cleanliness breaks down for complex, intertwined
               | simulations with strict performance requirements.
               | 
               | If Google cared at all about the targets that game
               | developers cared about, my Gmail wouldn't take 10 seconds
               | to load and run at 2FPS once the page is there.
               | 
               | I've read some of the best code I've ever seen, written
               | by programmers in the games space. Code with very few
               | tests, heavy intertwined behavior, wide-reaching global
               | effects, and lots and lots of state.
               | 
               | Ultimately, treat the code as an artifact of the project:
               | make it as clean as you need to get the game done, but
               | any extra scaffolding you add will only come back to bite
               | you later once you want to change how something is wired.
               | From that end, all the usual suspects apply: make code
               | easy to delete, make it have clearly-defined boundaries,
               | and depend on other code as little as possible. Push
               | yourself to use copy/paste more than you think you
               | should, you'll be surprised how easy it is to delete wild
               | experiments if you don't have to untangle the web of
               | dependencies.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | Thank you for the advice. :)
        
               | munificent wrote:
               | I worked at EA for eight years and have worked at Google
               | for the past ten. Google and the GMail team most
               | certainly understand how to write performance critical
               | code. Your favorite game would take 10 seconds to load
               | and run at 2FPS too if it had to be pushed over the
               | Internet every time it started up and run inside any of a
               | few only mostly-compatible VMs for a dynamically-typed
               | scripting language never designed for anything more
               | important than making buttons light up when you hover
               | over them.
               | 
               | You're correct that optimized code is generally harder to
               | maintain. Optimization often requires punching through
               | abstraction layers or calcifying certain constraints or
               | assumptions in the code.
        
               | Jasper_ wrote:
               | I'm a game dev, and I work on high-performance websites
               | in my spare time (e.g.
               | https://noclip.website/#mkwii/beginner_course ). It's
               | actually possible to make stuff that runs fast in
               | "mostly-compatible VMs for a dynamically-typed scripting
               | language never designed for anything more important than
               | making buttons light up when you hover over them" if you
               | actually try. But Google does not, so we end up with
               | gmail.
        
               | katbyte wrote:
               | over DRY code is the bane of my existence
        
           | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
           | Your take is pretty accurate from what I've seen.
           | 
           | A friend is on the Call of Duty team, and Medal of Honor
           | before that. The way MoH turned into CoD is the owner of the
           | studio that made MoH was unwilling to sufficiently share the
           | profits, so basically the entire team walked out in mass, got
           | their own publishing deal and made CoD.
           | 
           | But only the people who've made a runaway hit have that kind
           | of bargaining power. The other 90% of the industry is pretty
           | grim.
           | 
           | Things are a lot better on the indie/casual/mobile side, as
           | those tend to be smaller studios with close
           | friendships/partnerships.
        
           | georgeecollins wrote:
           | It is also true that it was once really hard, from a
           | technical knowledge and skills point of view, to make video
           | games. There were no engines like Unity or Unreal. Every
           | feature your game needed had to be written from scratch. The
           | artistic tools, particularly for 3d modeling, were crude and
           | had to be adapted by people who understood what the engine
           | was doing.
           | 
           | Now all those things are much easier to do and understand.
           | There are thousands of tutorials on the internet. So making
           | games is becoming more like writing books, putting on plays,
           | making a low budget movie. More people can do it than there
           | is an audience.
           | 
           | The best are still very valuable, in every discipline. But
           | the supply of average people is almost limitless.
        
             | BlargMcLarg wrote:
             | One could argue the same for almost any field in software
             | development. Despite that, game development has always been
             | lower paying thanks to its passion industry roots.
             | Meanwhile, web development still dominates most of the job
             | market and makes big bank even for average developers doing
             | mostly data plumbing.
        
           | jerf wrote:
           | It's because there are so many young people who think that
           | they absolutely want to be video game developers, so it
           | simply doesn't matter how much the companies abuse them,
           | there's a fresh horde of possibly-misguided fresh faces right
           | behind them. Pretty much every other programming job is in a
           | shortage, but here there's a glut.
           | 
           | I say "possibly-misguided" because there are some people for
           | whom that is their one and only dream, and if that is their
           | choice, hey, great. Go for it. I just want people to go into
           | it with open eyes. However, I think the bulk of such people
           | are simply misinformed about A: the nature of game
           | programming and B: the nature of non-game programming. For
           | the most part, they're a lot more similar than a lot of young
           | people realize. You don't go into games programming and get
           | to "design games"; you're going to consume tickets and do a
           | lot of repetitive scut work. Frankly your odds of finding a
           | good job where you're self-directed and not entirely doing
           | scut work is _better_ outside of the game industry.
           | 
           | So... do your part... spread the word that the games industry
           | is mostly bad jobs and the non-games industry actually has a
           | lot of good stuff in it, so that by giving young people a
           | better understanding of the real situation they can make
           | better choice, and help starve the games industry of its
           | continuous supply of fresh-faced naive grads to exploit.
        
             | Kranar wrote:
             | I have to disagree with this, at least as far as the
             | statistics are concerned.
             | 
             | According to Stack Overflow [1] the median age of a
             | developer is 33 years old, whereas the median age of a game
             | developer is 31 years old [2]. That's not likely to be a
             | big enough difference to substantiate your position.
             | 
             | [1]
             | https://insights.stackoverflow.com/survey/2020#developer-
             | pro... [2] https://igda.org/resources-archive/diversity-in-
             | the-game-ind...
        
               | lucisferre wrote:
               | Stack Overflow is not exactly validated market research.
               | Comparing two completely different sources of statistical
               | data with different collection methodologies is not
               | evidence.
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | It's not proof, but it's absolutely evidence and it's
               | enough evidence to place the burden that the video game
               | industry consists mostly of young people back on the
               | person making the claim.
               | 
               | If there is such evidence, by all means produce it.
        
               | chowells wrote:
               | The median age doesn't contradict the above model at all.
               | What it tells you is that of the developers employed in
               | the game industry _at any given time_ , half of them are
               | under 31. But it doesn't say a thing about the churn
               | below that age.
               | 
               | You can have a bunch of people who jump in at 23, get
               | super exploited, and burn out in two years balance
               | against one single person over the median age, so long as
               | that stream of younger people is serial. The median is
               | unchanged, but a lot more people leave the industry
               | feeling exploited and abused by it than remain.
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | That wouldn't be possible without a corresponding
               | behavior in those above the median age as well. If what
               | you said was true and there's a disproportionate group of
               | people below the median age leaving the industry without
               | an equal number of people above the median age leaving,
               | then you'd get a constantly rising median age over time
               | and at this point that age would have be considerably
               | older than 31 years.
               | 
               | I am not disputing that the game industry has a lot of
               | churn. I'm disputing that the game industry has
               | substantially more churn among younger people than older
               | people and that the churn is significantly different from
               | the rest of the software development industry.
               | 
               | It's not so much that young people are uniquely exploited
               | and leave after a couple of years, it's that the number
               | of software developers doubles every 5 years so that
               | there is a huge imbalance of young people in the industry
               | in general.
        
             | jobu wrote:
             | > _I say "possibly-misguided" because there are some people
             | for whom that is their one and only dream_
             | 
             | There's also a ton of societal pressure to "follow your
             | dreams" or "pursue your passion", and people conflate their
             | passion and enjoyment of _playing_ video games for what it
             | would be like to make the games.
             | 
             | First off, people need to differentiate the enjoyment of
             | something with the making of it. Not the perfect example,
             | but I like to eat meat, yet I know I would hate to be a
             | butcher.
             | 
             | Second, if you _really_ enjoy something it 's often better
             | to keep it as a hobby. Most people find all the joy gets
             | sucked out of their passion when it also involves the
             | business of selling, supporting customers, and managing
             | costs.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Furthermore, don't conflate the apparent glamour (which
               | is at least apparent) of those at the top of their
               | profession with the working routine of the vast majority.
               | For example, the very top professional photographers
               | probably mostly have a pretty good life. The university
               | photographer who spends their days shooting pictures of
               | alumni receiving awards? Not so much.
        
               | willismichael wrote:
               | > Not the perfect example, but I like to eat meat, yet I
               | know I would hate to be a butcher.
               | 
               | That's actually a way better analogy than you think.
        
             | finikytou wrote:
             | I don't think that is the reason.
             | 
             | The main reason is that there isn't enough competition.
             | Video Game Companies are pretty much in a monopoly. No one
             | is making a game like GTA. No one else is making a football
             | game (You need the license), No one else is making doom. No
             | one else is making Counter Strike.
             | 
             | Games became brands. The only thing that drives you out of
             | business is your own greed of recycling your
             | franchises/ideas.
             | 
             | Oh and also many of those companies do not need that many
             | of the "expensive" devs because many of those video game
             | companies are using middlewares like unity or unreal
             | engine.
             | 
             | With more competitions better video game companies would
             | hire better engineer at better salaries. that will lift
             | everyone else.
        
               | castlecrasher2 wrote:
               | >The main reason is that there isn't enough competition.
               | Video Game Companies are pretty much in a monopoly.
               | 
               | I'm sorry, but this is completely wrong.
               | 
               | First, there is immense amounts of competition in video
               | games; the industry is bigger than ever but there are so
               | many companies and even small fry indie shops can make it
               | big with talent and a bit of luck.
               | 
               | Second, there are tons of GTA/Doom/CSGO/sports games
               | clones, licensing notwithstanding, that fail for various
               | reasons that usually boil down to "bad game." Brand
               | popularity matters, sure, but many studios blasted their
               | way to huge sales and fame through having a damn good
               | game, like Minecraft, Terraria, and Rocket League, to
               | name a few.
               | 
               | There's so little barrier to entry in the gaming industry
               | at the moment. If you make a good game, you will
               | generally get tons of sales.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | A fair amount of game brands have also been destroyed due
               | to "bad game". SimCity basically blew up what was left of
               | its brand, Harvest Moon and the whole thing around that
               | destroyed its brand, etc.
               | 
               | I wouldn't necessarily say "make good game get sales",
               | just because there are a fair amount of devs who don't
               | get marketing right, but the point stands.
        
               | jerf wrote:
               | Your explanations are all demand-side. That doesn't
               | account for why the _supply_ -side of programmers for
               | games is so high. Every game programmer also has the
               | skills necessary to do a good portion of non-gaming jobs.
               | The thing that game companies have a monopoly on is not
               | on jobs the games programmers can do.
               | 
               | As evidence of what I'm talking about I also cite the
               | absolutely _huge_ number of  "indie" developers, the vast
               | majority of them not being the ones you've heard of,
               | because most of them aren't famous and face sales figures
               | in the hundreds, if not dozens. Many of them are actively
               | taking a _negative salary_ (that is, burning somebody 's
               | savings) to work in the game industry.
        
               | TheCapn wrote:
               | I think it be both at the same time.
               | 
               | People make weird career choices for the perception of
               | prestige or being able to call themselves part of a team.
               | I got a friend who is an Agricultural Mechanic who works
               | for some local owned companies. A few years ago John
               | Deere built a facility nearby and you'd be surprised how
               | many mechanics, who by all accounts liked their jobs,
               | moved to work for John Deere for less pay, less benefits.
               | 
               | Video games aren't that much different. People will harm
               | their own career goals thinking they can work for a brand
               | name when an unknown company might have a better fit. I'm
               | sure they have valid reasons for making the decisions
               | they do, but from the outside looking in, it just looks
               | like fanboyisms.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | It's abusing the definition of monopoly. There isn't a
               | single super-dominant games company choking out
               | competition. In fact, companies steal each others' lunch
               | all the time; Fortnite surpassed PUBG, Cities Skylines
               | from a small Finnish dev surpassed EA's SimCity, and
               | Stardew Valley was created by a single developer who
               | surpassed Harvest Moon before him.
               | 
               | Monopoly doesn't just mean "this company is bigger than
               | I'd like."
        
               | andi999 wrote:
               | Also if you look at ID software, they were just a tiny
               | (but very skilled and highly dedicated) team who churned
               | out one game per month for a year.
        
               | caymanjim wrote:
               | Where are you getting monopoly from? Large game
               | franchises that have launched (or become popular) in the
               | last decade or so all started from small, independent
               | studios, or even just a couple people modding an existing
               | game. DotA and PUGB are big, started as mods, and have
               | spawned (or at least popularized) entire new genres.
               | Valve has a history of buying popular mods and turning
               | them into franchises (TF, CS, Portal), and they pay
               | exceptionally-well. Minecraft exploded from a one-man
               | endeavor to a gaming behemoth.
               | 
               | Successful games tend to get purchased by larger
               | companies, but there are a lot of large game companies.
               | Valve, Epic, EA, Nintendo, Sony, Rockstar, Activision
               | Blizzard, Ubisoft, Bioware, etc. And that's not even
               | getting into mobile/Facebook games, which are easy to
               | speak derisively about, but are still major players in
               | the game space.
               | 
               | Game companies are about the most-diverse and least-
               | monopolistic of all media we consume.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | munificent wrote:
             | I worked in the game industry for eight years before
             | leaving and I have a more nuanced perspective on this. Yes,
             | the large supply of aspiring game devs has a lot to do with
             | it. And I think the crunch is driven in part by a lack of
             | project management expertise caused by the brain drain that
             | endemic crunch leads to.
             | 
             | But it's not just that. Every job has a mixture of tangible
             | and intangible rewards. Game development scores relatively
             | poorly on the tangibles: less pay, fewer benefits, less
             | free time. But for many people, it scores incredibly highly
             | on the intangibles:
             | 
             | - Spending your day writing code that makes insurance rate
             | calculations comply with the latest changes to Iowa tax law
             | versus making an orc explode if you hit it with an axe just
             | right.
             | 
             | - Working in an office that lets you wear chinos on casual
             | Friday versus wearing whatever you like, coming in when you
             | like, and being surrounded by culture and people that
             | resonate with you.
             | 
             | - Working with accountants and lawyers versus artists and
             | sound designers.
             | 
             | - Working on a product used begrudgingly by employees of
             | some giant accounting contractor versus make a game you
             | love to play.
             | 
             | - Sitting next to folks doing the bare minimum just to get
             | a paycheck versus the comradery of being on a team that
             | really believes in what they're doing.
             | 
             | - Writing code that's difficult because it encodes
             | Byzantine legal regulations versus code that's difficult
             | because it uses the latest graphics algorithms to push
             | hardware as much as possible.
             | 
             | - Being at a company no one's heard of making software know
             | one knows versus being at a brand your friends all know
             | working on products they're excited about. (Anecdote: When
             | I flew to Orlando to interview at EA, I ended up mentioning
             | it to a guy sitting next to me at the airport. He looked at
             | me like an absolute celebrity. "Dude, you're gonna be
             | working on _Madden_? " I still remember that moment.)
             | 
             | So, yeah, the hours and the pay suck. But when you're in
             | your twenties you tend to have a lot of time and not a lot
             | of bills. Working on something that resonates with your
             | peers, your culture, and your passions is really valuable.
             | 
             | I wish big companies exploited that less, sure. But you see
             | low pay and crunch even at small non-exploitive companies
             | which implies to me that much of this is simply people
             | rationally trading off tangible rewards for intangible ones
             | that are more meaningful to them.
             | 
             | I find it really weird how much software engineers
             | criticize taking a pay cut to make games while
             | simultaneously romanticizing leaving tech completely to
             | become a farmer, writer, chef, social worker, etc. (all of
             | which, for the record, have miserable hours and shit pay).
             | Game devs are essentially doing the same thing but at least
             | they get to use their tech skills in the process.
             | 
             | I'm glad I'm not at EA anymore because my values and
             | priorities changed. But I don't regret my time there and it
             | got me my current job at Google. If I'd spent that time
             | chasing some other low-paying dream like writing fiction,
             | it's much less likely I would have been able to make that
             | transition.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | cellularmitosis wrote:
               | Great post! Something which particularly resonated with
               | me:
               | 
               | > Being at a company no one's heard of making software
               | know one knows versus being at a brand your friends all
               | know working on products they're excited about.
               | 
               | I noticed a dramatic shift in people's reactions when my
               | introduction conversations changed from "I'm a
               | programmer" to "I make iPhone apps".
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | I think you've got a warped notion of what non-game dev
               | is like. Most of the statements you've made are untrue.
               | 
               | > Working in an office that lets you wear chinos on
               | casual Friday versus wearing whatever you like, coming in
               | when you like, and being surrounded by culture and people
               | that resonate with you.
               | 
               | Most dev jobs are the second thing. Most dev shops don't
               | have a dress code. Many have adopted flex time. And
               | further, with covid, a lot are fully remote now. Modern
               | development is nothing like Office Space.
               | 
               | > Working with accountants and lawyers versus artists and
               | sound designers.
               | 
               | You seem to think accountants and lawyers are boring,
               | uninteresting, etc. That's just silly. Just because
               | someone's job is boring, doesn't mean they are. A lot of
               | my co-workers have hobbies in art, music, blowing shit
               | up, etc. Just because they spend their day job combing
               | over the tax code doesn't mean they aren't every bit as
               | fun and interesting as someone who's day job is art.
               | 
               | > Sitting next to folks doing the bare minimum just to
               | get a paycheck versus the comradery of being on a team
               | that really believes in what they're doing.
               | 
               | I find it hard to believe game dev doesn't have the "I'm
               | just here for a paycheck folk" Probably not for long, but
               | again, surprised if that's the case. In anycase,
               | comradery and teamwork exists in a lot of dev shops. Just
               | because you aren't making an orc's head explode doesn't
               | mean you can't get excited about increasing stability,
               | performance, or getting a product that saves a bunch of
               | time and money for the company. There's a lot to
               | celebrate beyond "That looks pretty".
               | 
               | > Writing code that's difficult because it encodes
               | Byzantine legal regulations versus code that's difficult
               | because it uses the latest graphics algorithms to push
               | hardware as much as possible.
               | 
               | Both are puzzles to solve, so why diss the one you don't
               | understand? Further, what makes you think regular dev
               | DOESN'T look to push hardware harder and faster than it
               | previously went? Performance work is universal for
               | development.
               | 
               | This isn't to say there aren't boring dev jobs that pay
               | well. Certainly a large number of jobs are "Make REST API
               | over the database". But even those can have opportunities
               | for growth, learning, and finding coworkers you love to
               | work with.
        
               | munificent wrote:
               | I'm painting an extreme picture for emphasis here, but it
               | is the case that there are a lot of crushingly boring dev
               | jobs. I've done some.
        
               | shiohime wrote:
               | I agree with you in some regards - but honestly, the
               | intangibles you described were just not enough to
               | overcome the tangibles for myself. I had the choice to go
               | into a game development concentration and focus entirely
               | on going into that market, which I thought I'd love as
               | I'm a life long gamer (and probably would have, really).
               | However, really the thing that drove me away from the
               | industry was exactly the lack of tangibles - more hours
               | at work and less pay. I opted to go into a field that I
               | wasn't entirely a fan of, purely because of this. I ended
               | up working long hours anyways, but did end up receiving
               | significantly above average pay, especially compared to
               | game dev, letting me pay off my student loans and get a
               | mortgage on a house in a relatively short period of time.
               | 
               | Also, I'd argue the number one tangible you're missing vs
               | something like, say web dev, is flexibility. Pre-covid,
               | none of my friends in the gaming industry had any
               | flexibility to work in a remote fashion and was very
               | studio based. Whereas remote working has been becoming
               | increasingly popular in the web dev world, and I've been
               | working remotely for years now which was a huge QoL
               | improvement.
               | 
               | I do romanticize about leaving the tech industry in a
               | kinda similar-ish fashion to what you were stating in
               | that example, but really it's more about romanticizing an
               | early / soft retirement for myself, which is only made
               | possible because I took a higher paying path than game
               | development. But yeah, I do have friends in the industry
               | that love it despite the hours and lower pay, because the
               | people they work with are great and they're very
               | passionate about their projects, whereas yeah, I'm not
               | exactly passionate about some of my projects and am doing
               | it purely for financial and career advancement reasons so
               | it contributes to sometimes really extended burnout
               | periods and decreases in my mental health.
               | 
               | So yeah, to each their own with this. I love gaming and
               | have made some of my own games as a hobby, but I just
               | couldn't justify it as the core of my career despite
               | loving it. Kind of a shame in some regards I would say,
               | but it is what it is.
        
             | bluefirebrand wrote:
             | This is absolutely the trajectory I took. I wanted so badly
             | to make games. Still do, one of my life goals is to make a
             | game that I actually publish.
             | 
             | But I had some great professors in university that steered
             | me away from the game industry. I'm quite happy working as
             | a web dev now and I can do games as a hobby.
        
           | legohead wrote:
           | Both of you are missing a key ingredient that the article
           | goes over -- fanboyism.                 "A lot of people just
           | felt that there was value in being able to work on anime that
           | they loved," Mr. Hirakimoto said. "No matter how little they
           | got paid, they were willing to do the work."
           | Looking back at his departure, he said, "I don't regret the
           | decision at all."
           | 
           | And the same story is in the video game industry. Take
           | Blizzard for example. When I moved to SoCal I applied for
           | lots of tech companies including Blizzard, and got several
           | offers. Blizzard was _by far_ the lowest offer. And I noticed
           | during the interview process, everyone I talked to kept
           | asking what I thought about Blizzard, and it wasn 't the
           | standard "why do you want to work here?" I got the impression
           | they were testing how much of a fanboy I was. And from others
           | I've talked to afterwards, that is exactly what they were
           | doing.
        
           | SkyPuncher wrote:
           | You see similar pan out in medicine.
           | 
           | Physicians at "renown" institutions actually tend to make
           | less (on average) than the average physician. They can do it
           | because so many physicians are willing to move to a high CoL
           | location, work more, and take a pay cut.
           | 
           | The best jobs actually tend to be in rural states and areas.
           | Pay is better and work/life balance tends to be better.
           | 
           | CNN article:
           | https://money.cnn.com/2016/01/27/pf/jobs/doctors-
           | pay/index.h...
        
           | cercatrova wrote:
           | I mean, they know what they're getting into, it's supply and
           | demand. More people simply want the job more than there is
           | demand, so they'll be paid less.
        
           | m8s wrote:
           | Not only do they make some of the lowest salaries in the
           | industry, they work the longest hours as well. Employers that
           | allow people to "work on their passions" use that as a
           | bargaining chip to lower salaries.
        
             | trentnix wrote:
             | _Employers_ use the reality that someone equally talented
             | will do it for the same wages or less. It 's that simple.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | "If you have large profits you should share more with
               | your employees [1]" could also be a reality encoded into
               | law woth harsh penalties for doing otherwise...
               | 
               | ([1] "And don't try to bypass it by building in another
               | country and then come to sell your wares here")
        
               | anm89 wrote:
               | Define large, more, share, and should.
               | 
               | There is a reason this is not what laws look like.
        
               | sigstoat wrote:
               | gee, shouldn't they be required to reduce their costs for
               | the consumer, first? a lot of the folks buying video
               | games have even less money than video game developers.
        
               | mejutoco wrote:
               | Seems difficult to implement. Suddenly a lot of small
               | companies could appear, each barely making any profit.
               | 
               | Maybe an easier incentive would be to give tax breaks to
               | cooperatives?
        
               | omginternets wrote:
               | I think most people agree with this in general, but the
               | difficulty is in the specifics. How large of a profit are
               | we talking? How much sharing do we expect?
               | 
               | On the one hand we want to incentivize risk-taking and
               | entrepreneurship. On the other, we recognize that it
               | takes a village to launch a successful company, and we
               | want to share the wealth.
               | 
               | On the one hand we recognize that all work is not equally
               | valuable. On the other, we we value people beyond their
               | work.
               | 
               | Abstract discussion of this is always disappointing and
               | policy based on abstract discussion is always disastrous.
               | I really wish we could be more precise in our language,
               | because then we would at least recognize the tremendous
               | difficulty at hand.
        
               | chongli wrote:
               | _If you have large profits you should share more with
               | your employees [1] " could also be a reality encoded into
               | law woth harsh penalties for doing otherwise_
               | 
               | Hollywood is already one step ahead of you [1]. No reason
               | game studios wouldn't follow suit, given a law like that
               | to incentivize them.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood_accounting
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | Hollywood accounting doesn't actually work anymore. It
               | depends, in part, on the people getting played not being
               | willing to sue for their correct share and just taking
               | their lumps.
               | 
               | In part, this is because so many people were burned in
               | the past that it's now standard for contracts to include
               | provisions specifying _which_ profits the talents
               | /investors are getting a % of. There's also many A-list
               | talent that simply refuse to work for a studio which uses
               | Hollywood accounting. And finally, the public-trading
               | status of so many studios today basically renders
               | Hollywood accounting impossible at a legal and financial
               | level.
               | 
               | But the primary killer of the Hollywood accounting system
               | is the big switch to streaming, in which royalties/etc
               | are paid _upfront_ (at a time-value discount) rather than
               | over time, which essentially eliminates all of the
               | opportunity to include  "costs" (like usurious interest
               | or marketing expenses) that had been used to generate
               | paper losses on otherwise successful films.
        
               | chongli wrote:
               | A lot of what you said doesn't apply to game developers
               | or animators in the anime industry. Hollywood workers,
               | famous and otherwise, are all represented by powerful
               | unions. Game developers and anime animators ( _cf._
               | western animators) are not.
        
               | trentnix wrote:
               | Strangely there is always lots of talk about "profit
               | sharing" and not "profit and loss sharing". And I've
               | never had to sign a business loan guarantee as an
               | employee, but I've done so as a business owner.
        
               | webmaven wrote:
               | _> Strangely there is always lots of talk about "profit
               | sharing" and not "profit and loss sharing"._
               | 
               | That's because corporate limited liability shields
               | stakeholders from losses beyond their sunk costs.
               | 
               | As an employee, you probably are close to last in line
               | behind most of the other creditors, and may have to just
               | write off that last (missed) paycheck. But that paycheck
               | you are never going to get is the full extent of your
               | liability for the company's losses, even theoretically.
               | 
               | Not that it encompasses all the _risks_ you 're exposed
               | to (time not working, looking for a new job, etc.) But
               | those are the same regardless.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | motogpjimbo wrote:
               | Would you also argue that when companies need additional
               | funding during hard times or to expand, the employees
               | should be forced by law to invest their own money into
               | the company? With harsh penalties if they refuse?
               | 
               | If not, then it seems like someone else is taking all the
               | risk but the employees are reaping all the rewards.
               | 
               | It would be great for me personally if my employer was
               | forced to share his profits with me during the good
               | times. But the reality is that during the hard times -
               | when there's a global pandemic for example - he's the one
               | who has to remortgage his house and max out his credit
               | cards to make payroll, whereas I'm just a guy who can
               | walk away with a month's notice.
        
               | AngryData wrote:
               | No, because that was their risk to take in starting a
               | business and if it fails the worst position they are in
               | is the exact position their employees were always in.
               | Businesses should have no guarantees, individual people
               | on the other hand probably should, if not for moral or
               | ethical reasons, just for the fact that it improves our
               | economy, our culture, and out entire society.
               | 
               | Artificially supporting failing businesses has negative
               | consequences upon society, supporting a struggling
               | individual has positive benefits to society.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | Right, putting your time into working for a struggling
               | company isn't taking any risk, and the executives deserve
               | further rewards than just their salary.
        
               | hhjinks wrote:
               | >Would you also argue that when companies need additional
               | funding during hard times or to expand, the employees
               | should be forced by law to invest their own money into
               | the company
               | 
               | What, you mean, like, bailouts? Because we do bailouts.
               | Only difference is that, while the taxpayers pay, they
               | see no return.
        
               | foolinaround wrote:
               | Only those with lobbying clout get bailouts. See the
               | situation of the small businesses now...
        
               | Chris2048 wrote:
               | When did the VG industry get a bailout?
        
               | analognoise wrote:
               | Oh boo hoo for the ownership class, somebody might have
               | to sell a yacht to make payroll!
               | 
               | They got 40 years of sending labor to developing
               | countries, dismantled our infrastructure to privatize it,
               | ALREADY got a 1.9T tax break (from Trump, even though
               | almost all economists were AGAINST it) now they might
               | have to SCROUNGE DEEP as...as people flock to the
               | information services they largely own?
               | 
               | Boo hoo for them! Oh no! They might lose a house,
               | something the millions of people who are going to be
               | evicted as soon as the moratoriums end will also get to
               | experience! They'll be left without their SUMMER home!
               | What a terrible loss! We'd better give them another tax
               | loophole!
               | 
               | I know programmers are insulated and have a very warped
               | view of the world, but let's not forget we're (generally)
               | labor, and let's not lick the boot that's on all of
               | labor's collective necks TOO hard, neh?
        
               | sigstoat wrote:
               | > I know programmers are insulated and have a very warped
               | view of the world
               | 
               | look in the mirror.
               | 
               | most businesses aren't giant megacorps owned by folks
               | with yachts.
               | 
               | and, hell, the megacorps? large chunks of them are owned
               | by folks without yachts, too.
               | 
               | https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/AAPL/holders?p=AAPL
               | 
               | this sort of hyperbolic rage only makes understanding and
               | improving things harder.
        
               | analognoise wrote:
               | They already got a 1.9T tax cut. It's hard not to have
               | rage when we're collectively getting fucked.
               | 
               | I know there are a lot of wantrepeneurs here, but let's
               | not pretend we're all not mostly still...workers.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | The reality of LTD companies is precisely that investors
               | _don't_ have to do that. If the company goes under, well,
               | too bad; they will take some of the fat accumulated in
               | good years, and start again. That's the _whole point_ of
               | modern capitalism: the capitalist is insulated from the
               | worst outcomes of his enterprise.
               | 
               | At the moment, the risk/reward equation is unbalanced.
               | For owners, it goes from outsized risk at startup to
               | outsized reward at success; for employees, it goes from
               | outsized risk at startup to moderate risk at success
        
             | koolba wrote:
             | > Employers that allow people to "work on their passions"
             | use that as a bargaining chip to lower salaries.
             | 
             | That sounds like every startup job pitch.
        
               | skrtskrt wrote:
               | To be fair, part of the startup pitch is also that you'll
               | be building systems from the ground up and getting
               | exposure to lots of different aspects of engineering,
               | rather than being stuck optimizing or maintaining one
               | small part of that gigantic unknowable web of technology
               | you can get at a larger company.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | Big difference is that Startups usually offer some amount
               | of equity. Instead of just being exploited, you're
               | gambling on taking a lower salary now and having it pay
               | off later.
               | 
               | It never really pays off later for game programmers.
        
               | neonological wrote:
               | Honestly it's a losing gamble too. You rarely win those
               | options.
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | Often the dice are loaded, you can find many stories on
               | here on about some financial trickery whereby the options
               | become low value or worthless as the founders and VC's
               | cash out. I personally evaluate them at $0 because of
               | this. It's a shame too because that sounds like my ideal
               | work setup.
        
               | hhjinks wrote:
               | Pretty sure this article was posted on HN, which is why I
               | remembered it: https://marker.medium.com/my-company-sold-
               | for-100-million-an...
        
               | xiphias2 wrote:
               | What startups fail to disclose is that the equity they
               | offer is not the same class as the investors have, even
               | though they are taking a huge risk of the startup
               | failing.
        
               | SkyPuncher wrote:
               | Even if the equity is in the same category, it's unlikely
               | to be extremely valuable.
               | 
               | A $2M exit sounds great until you factor in the extra
               | taxes and 5 to 10 years to realize that. Many software
               | developers could make a substantial amount of that,
               | without the risk, simply by aggressively working career
               | changes.
        
             | jonnycomputer wrote:
             | They should unionize.
        
         | ehnto wrote:
         | Raising the minimum wage would help with that. Why would
         | someone clean for $25/hour when they could do something less
         | physically demanding for the same money? Then you would have to
         | pay cleaners more in order to attract them.
         | 
         | People would complain about cleaners getting more money than
         | their white collar jobs, but that's classism embeded in part
         | because of the current situation. As soon as people realise job
         | X makes good money, suddenly the stigmas go away.
        
         | MattGaiser wrote:
         | Are the animation companies profiting wildly?
         | 
         | > They typically pay animation studios a set fee and reserve
         | royalties for themselves.
         | 
         | > While the system protects the studios from the risk of a
         | flop, it also cuts them out of the windfalls created by hits.
        
         | blondin wrote:
         | not sure i get (a). maybe someone can help me understand.
         | 
         | software engineers are one of the best paid people today. i
         | highly doubt that we are hard to find.
        
           | tantalor wrote:
           | The software developer shortage (demand minus supply) is 1.4M
           | in the US.
           | 
           | https://www.daxx.com/blog/development-trends/software-
           | develo...
        
             | MMAesawy wrote:
             | If this is the case, how come the entry level job market
             | for CS graduates stink so much?
        
               | tantalor wrote:
               | Meaning what?
               | 
               | > Less than 1 year $103,269
               | 
               | Sounds like it's pretty hot!
               | 
               | https://www.indeed.com/career/software-engineer/salaries
        
             | blondin wrote:
             | can someone provide a link to the US bureau of labor
             | statistics that has these numbers? (for my own edification)
             | 
             | it has been often mentioned but i don't think i have ever
             | seen a link to the report people are quoting.
        
               | notional wrote:
               | Here you go. It's your homework not ours to find it if
               | you care. https://www.bls.gov/bls/blswage.htm
        
               | blondin wrote:
               | are you just assuming that i haven't done my homework?
        
         | GoblinSlayer wrote:
         | Mind you, american work ethics is an omnibenevolent angel
         | compared to japanese work ethics. See "Sewayaki kitsune no
         | Senko-san" for an example how people work there.
        
           | smabie wrote:
           | ehh, people are at work a lot in Japan, but no one really
           | does anything.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | merpnderp wrote:
         | We don't allow businesses to profit "wildly" because we don't
         | want to pay people more. We allow businesses to profit because
         | it isn't fair to make someone pay X when someone else is very
         | happy to get paid a fraction of X. It's about justice and
         | fairness. I mean I'd love to get paid Silicon Valley programmer
         | wages, but I'm perfectly happy to program for a fraction of
         | those wages. And it would be an injustice for me to be
         | unemployed because my employer was forced to pay Silicon Valley
         | wages.
         | 
         | And what are "wild" profits? Because most companies are making
         | far less than 8% of revenue as profits.
        
           | gchamonlive wrote:
           | I think I understand where you come from. A job is better
           | than no job.
           | 
           | But I don't think that is necessarily true nor that things
           | would follow suit if we think like that.
           | 
           | I mean, we employ much more people today than in the
           | industrial revolution. Yet, people are paid significantly
           | more, child labor has been abolished, all that working 8-9h a
           | day instead of 14-18 which was common. We are not in a
           | cooperative environment, when it comes to salaries. Companies
           | are legally obligated to show gains to their investors, and
           | if they can cut salaries and keep the profits they will do
           | so. We are in a competitive game against employer, where the
           | balance is found when both parties compromise. But make no
           | mistake, as soon as the working force stop fight for better
           | working conditions, it will not stay the same, only degrade.
           | 
           | Don't read that in a personal way. We are in no way
           | personally against the employer, but the employer as an
           | authority figure. The balance is not found through
           | cooperation but rather through clash of professional
           | interests.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > And it would be an injustice for me to be unemployed
           | because my employer was forced to pay Silicon Valley wages.
           | 
           | No, it would be good, because it would mean that they were
           | more efficiently utilizing their current workforce, probably
           | through technological advancement that should ultimately
           | benefit the entire industry. Technology is almost entirely
           | driven through higher labor costs and dictating better
           | conditions for employees. The benefits of technology
           | improvements are also not zero-sum (equal to their costs to
           | develop or maintain), and are redistributed through those
           | higher salaries and through taxes.
           | 
           | If you end up unemployed at that wage level because your
           | skill level has not made the new cut, there are other things
           | you can do. Wanting to program but not being able to find
           | somebody who wants you to program at the minimum wage is no
           | more tragic than wanting to program but not being able to pay
           | your rent doing it.
        
       | peruvian wrote:
       | Because labor is a liability to most companies.
        
       | rcheu wrote:
       | Obviously high supply of animators is the main reason, but I
       | wonder if part of it is that pirating/illegal streaming sites are
       | extremely common for anime. All of the people I know that watch
       | anime do so without paying for it. It's trivially easy to find
       | anime for free online, so much so that it's easier to find it for
       | free than pay for it.
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | I think this has something to do with it. Piracy is a big
         | problem for Hollywood too, but they make most/a great deal of
         | their money at the Box Office anyway, something the this
         | industry does not. At least in the western market.
        
         | SllX wrote:
         | The Western Markets are a drop in the bucket for anime. It is
         | very much still a Japan-first industry.
         | 
         | One Piece is younger than both Lord of the Rings and James Bond
         | but as a franchise has grossed more than either of those. [1]
         | 
         | Fist of the North Star and Dragon Ball are also in higher
         | positions on this list than One Piece.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.titlemax.com/discovery-center/money-
         | finance/the-...
        
       | kinghtown wrote:
       | Real money is in merchandising. Demon Slayer is big out here in
       | Taiwan.. every kid has pencils, erasers, buttons, shirts, pencil
       | cases, backpacks.. the animators are seeing none of that money
       | yet they are a core part of why the show is successful.
       | 
       | Too many predatory gatekeepers offering dream jobs to kids who
       | don't know any better. It's not just anime. In music, you got
       | acts with albums in the top ten albums of the year lists with
       | millions of plays making like hundreds of dollars per year on
       | Spotify, same people are on tour each year in the red financially
       | after being on the road. The economy isn't kind to the creators
       | who entertain everyone.
        
         | NalNezumi wrote:
         | If I'm not mistaken the IP rights still remains at the
         | publisher + the original creator (The manga writer), and often
         | the animation studio just do it as contract work. So I would
         | guess the studio won't get a proportionate slice of the
         | merchandising success.
        
         | MangoCoffee wrote:
         | >the animators are seeing none of that money yet they are a
         | core part of why the show is successful
         | 
         | because they are worker. they get paid with the wages that they
         | agree on. Koyoharu Gotouge probably get a big chunk of that
         | money since she created the manga.
        
         | sigstoat wrote:
         | > the animators are seeing none of that money yet they are a
         | core part of why the show is successful.
         | 
         | and the animators of shows that flop still got paid something.
         | 
         | if you want upside risk, you have to be exposed to downside
         | risk.
        
       | rossdavidh wrote:
       | When there are more people who want to do a job, than there are
       | slots for doing that job, no matter what the economic system you
       | have to do one of three things:
       | 
       | 1) pay lower wages until some of the people leave the profession
       | 
       | 2) use some kind of essentially random (even if theoretically
       | bureaucratic or administrative) method to assign those slots to
       | people; for example, you can only do this job if your parents
       | happen to be people in the industry
       | 
       | 3) vicious back-stabbing politics and sharp elbows, as people who
       | want those jobs suck up to the ones who get to choose who gets
       | them
       | 
       | 4) conditions (other than wages) in that profession get so bad
       | that people become dispirited and drop out
       | 
       | You also see this in certain areas of academia, or in the music
       | industry, or many other fields. There can be combinations of
       | these methods, of course.
       | 
       | The best way around this conundrum (that I know of), is to do
       | this as an avocation rather than a vocation. For example, the
       | many people who have composed music, written novels, etc. on the
       | side while earning their money in other ways. It's not a perfect
       | method, but it's the best (least soul-eating) way I know of.
        
       | mschuster91 wrote:
       | > These workers earned an average of $12,000 in 2019, the
       | animation association found, though it cautioned that this figure
       | was based on a limited sample that did not include many of the
       | freelancers who are paid even less.
       | 
       | How is that either legal or possible to survive on such wages?
        
         | jabroni_salad wrote:
         | Live with your parents until you are married (to a spouse that
         | has income).
         | 
         | This isn't just limited to collectivist societies, either.
         | Being 'sponsored' by family is pretty common for artists and
         | writers all over the world.
        
         | GoblinSlayer wrote:
         | Cost of living is lower too. Prices in USA are easily 10 times
         | higher than in other parts of the world.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Really? Tokyo isn't super-expensive for an American compared
           | to NYC or SF but it isn't especially cheap in my experience.
           | The same could be said of at least most of Europe. There
           | _are_ cheap countries where _maybe_ 10x is a reasonable
           | figure for living like a local in a developing country vs.
           | living like most Americans in the US.
           | 
           | Median household income in Japan is about 30K USD, which is
           | lower than the US but a _lot_ more than $12K.
        
             | GoblinSlayer wrote:
             | If two people with $12K salary make a household, that's
             | $24K household income.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Do you actually think that's the norm in Japan,
               | especially for animators making $12K per year? In any
               | case, the exact same logic applies to the US where there
               | are more two household incomes. The claim that the US has
               | 10X higher costs than other countries in the developed
               | world is simply nonsense.
        
         | orliesaurus wrote:
         | Exactly my thoughts, maybe they're all interns that live at
         | home with their families? Idk it seems surreal! But this part
         | .. Freelancers paid even less? What on earth?
        
         | karaterobot wrote:
         | I'm not sure either. Minimum wage in Japan (2019) was about
         | $8.50 USD/hour, and working 40 hours/week at that rate would be
         | about $17,000 USD/year. My guess is they are not working 40
         | hours every week, or they have signed contracts that pay them
         | less than minimum wage.
         | 
         | I wish the article had been clearer about this. I'm sure
         | animators in Japan work really hard and aren't paid much, but
         | while the article made it clear how I should feel about the
         | situation, it left me uninformed on the details, which would
         | seem the more important part of a news article.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | scruffyherder wrote:
         | They aren't slaves they can refuse work. The problem is they
         | keep taking these "work for hire" deals which revolves around a
         | project not hours.
         | 
         | There is this magical internet they can create their own IP and
         | charge whatever they want. Nobody is obligated to buy it, just
         | as they aren't obligated to go into crap contracts.
        
           | yummypaint wrote:
           | So the entire industry is just stupid people who can't look
           | out for themselves? They are clearly being taken advantage of
           | and are suffering as a result.
        
       | germinalphrase wrote:
       | Clearly, animators need to lobby for additional licensure, safety
       | and educational requirements, and restrictive trade organizations
       | to thin the herd of "acceptable" laborers.
        
       | Aunche wrote:
       | Here's an estimate of how different people in the anime industry
       | are paid (it's from an anime about creating anime):
       | 
       | https://i.imgur.com/ORAFhaN.png
       | 
       | If this is accurate, then only A-list voice actors are making any
       | serious money because they're scarce and in high demand. I think
       | that most of the money in anime just gets spent on creating more
       | anime, so very few people end up making money.
        
         | busterarm wrote:
         | Keep in mind the average salary in Japan is about 66k. And only
         | about 40% of Japanese clear that.
        
       | offtop5 wrote:
       | Same issue with the video game industry. Even when you compare
       | QA, a manual game tester is lucky to hit $15 an hour. A manual
       | normal software tester can easily hit 80k.
       | 
       | I find video game programming to be the most difficult of all,
       | just because you have to account for so many things, yet game
       | programmers make the least.
       | 
       | It's the problem of every dream job, no one dreams of working on
       | software for waste treatment facilities. So the people willing to
       | do that job can do much better than the new grads trying to work
       | on the next battlefield or whatever
        
         | vwnghjmjew wrote:
         | People want to work in the video game industry so they are
         | willing to take less pay in order to work in it.
        
           | missedthecue wrote:
           | Too true. The _" teenager who likes to play a lot of video
           | games and therefore enrolls in a compsci undergrad program"_
           | is an extremely common pipeline.
           | 
           | Not too many teens choose a career in programming because
           | they want to build a robust framework that allows
           | construction of large-scale analytical queries on
           | unstructured data.
        
             | merpnderp wrote:
             | Yeah, writing boring HR software pays a whole lot better
             | than game programming because one brings you joy and the
             | other makes you a nihilist.
        
               | atombum wrote:
               | Based on what I've read about working in the games
               | industry, joy is fleeting between ridiculous crunches,
               | which seem to be nearly ubiquitous.
        
         | GoblinSlayer wrote:
         | Pretty sure software for waste treatment facilities is much
         | better than another spa garbage full of spyware, that ideally
         | should go straight to those facilities.
        
         | dudul wrote:
         | > I find video game programming to be the most difficult of
         | all, just because you have to account for so many things
         | 
         | Can you give some examples? How many things does a VG
         | programming have to account for compared to, for examples, a ML
         | programmer, or a programmer in the HFT space?
         | 
         | Sure, video game programming is not a game, but I don't know
         | why it would be "the most difficult" compared to other fields.
        
           | mrtksn wrote:
           | I had a chat on the topic with a game dev. Essentially, the
           | argument was that games tend to have original UI and
           | interaction models. For example, a web dev can get away with
           | a <Button /> and a CSS/JS framework and make spectacular UI
           | but when it comes to games the creatives would demand that
           | button to be designed to match games concept, therefore for a
           | game dev to build a button it may require to deal with all
           | the styling and button states that a web dev would never
           | touch(because it is taken care by the browser or the UI
           | library).
           | 
           | An average game dev would have much deeper knowledge on the
           | stuff they do than the average dev that build corporate
           | software since the game devs would de bespoke work every
           | time. Sure, they also have assets etc. but in the gaming the
           | originality is much more important since the product itself
           | is meant to be enjoyable, not simply a medium to accomplish
           | something else(like ordering pizza or keep track of
           | payments).
        
             | dudul wrote:
             | So a game dev would need to do something that a front end
             | dev wouldn't have to do. OK, I'm sure the front end dev has
             | to deal with a lot of things the game dev doesn't need to
             | touch.
        
               | mrtksn wrote:
               | >OK, I'm sure the front end dev has to deal with a lot of
               | things the game dev doesn't need to touch
               | 
               | Yep, like NPM and various dependency hells. Maybe that's
               | where the compensation difference comes from?
        
           | ketzo wrote:
           | A couple good comments here, but I'll add my $0.02.
           | 
           | Video game programmers often need to be very deep
           | generalists. It's a combination of 1) the reality of small
           | teams working on ambitious games, 2) increased expectations
           | for what a videogame can do by default ("what do you mean I
           | can't join a party with my friends?!"), and 3) video games
           | are deeply, deeply bespoke software, and to implement one
           | feature means you need to know the limitations of many
           | subsystems.
           | 
           | A good friend of mine works on the World of Warcraft gameplay
           | development team. They have ~50 engineers, and they're almost
           | _all_ full-stack to some degree. He said that when he was an
           | _intern_ on the team, to build a feature he needed working
           | knowledge of:
           | 
           | 1. Blizzard's battle.net network layer
           | 
           | 2. The way textures were rendered onto character models,
           | pixel-by-pixel
           | 
           | 3. The intricacies of their in-house Lua engine and parser
           | 
           | 4. The way that NPC AI was written
           | 
           | None of these requirements, by themselves, are too crazy; but
           | he was using all of these, every day, as a junior in college!
           | 
           | And that was for a _three-sprint project!_ As an intern!
        
           | headcanon wrote:
           | IME they're roughly equal in terms of raw skill and
           | experience required to publish a finished product. Its a bit
           | apples to oranges however, there are some things in
           | developing video games that are much more difficult than what
           | I've experienced in non-game programming. A lot of it depends
           | on the complexity of what you're making - you can make games
           | that require almost no programming whatsoever, but some games
           | require a great deal of technical skill to program. For
           | instance, running a large-scale multiplayer game isn't so
           | different from managing a large-scale web business.
        
             | dudul wrote:
             | Thanks for sharing first hand experience. So basically, "it
             | depends".
        
           | offtop5 wrote:
           | Depending on the game, you might need to do some machine
           | learning programming.
           | 
           | Forza heavily uses ML. You have Network programming, in
           | there. Well I'm sure some specialties exist which are more
           | difficult, it doesn't change the fact of video game
           | programmer can make half as less as a normal business
           | programer.
        
             | dudul wrote:
             | ML and network programming can be found outside of video
             | games.
             | 
             | > I'm sure some specialties exist which are more difficult
             | 
             | OK, so we agree. Video game programming can definitely be
             | very tricky, but it's like any other specialties once you
             | reach a certain threshold of sophistication/scale/whatever.
        
             | andrewprock wrote:
             | In addition, real-time systems, graphics programming,
             | modelling, and more.
        
               | dudul wrote:
               | But usually these are 3 different jobs done by 3
               | different people.
        
               | offtop5 wrote:
               | Depends on the shop.
               | 
               | I've seen video game studios which essentially have a
               | single wunderkind who has to dabble in everything because
               | no one else reaches his or her skill level. No other
               | industry has low pay and crunch
        
               | dudul wrote:
               | Just like some companies in different industries where
               | some dev need to understand design, front end, backend,
               | database, QA, devops, etc.
               | 
               | > No other industry has low pay and crunch
               | 
               | I wasn't talking about the workload or low salaries. I
               | was talking about the statement that "video game
               | programming" as a discipline is the most difficult of
               | all.
        
               | offtop5 wrote:
               | If someone's going to offer me $150,000 to do a job, I'm
               | going to find it much easier than if I'm only offered
               | $75,000.
               | 
               | And plus I started my statement with "I find" , if you
               | happen to program quantum systems and that's 10 times as
               | difficult compared to writing a game engine in CPP,
               | that's cool
        
           | klmadfejno wrote:
           | I do data science for a job and game dev as a hobby. When all
           | is said and done, I don't know if it's really that much
           | harder. But game dev products must run fast, might need to
           | run efficiently over a network, almost inevitably has tons of
           | unique stateful objects whose interactions can cause
           | something to cease being fun, and that sucks.
        
       | nabla9 wrote:
       | Animators as a profession are like factory workers. Japanese
       | animators compete with Chinese, Vietnamese and everyone else.
       | 
       | If something can be produced with little differentiation - bulk
       | or standardized quality product or service, its all about cost
       | and supply and demand. This is how competitive market economy
       | works. Profit margins become razor thin.
        
       | minikites wrote:
       | There are so many problems where the cause is just "capitalism"
       | and the way it works. Sometimes the answer really is that simple.
        
         | goto11 wrote:
         | I know Eastern Europe under communism produced some great
         | animation, but were the animators well paid?
        
           | tokai wrote:
           | The salary range was small so they properly got an relative
           | okay wage. Demands of workers was heavily suppressed in the
           | east bloc though, so the soviet system is not something
           | championed by organized labour nowadays.
        
           | minikites wrote:
           | Why is every anti-communist/socialist argument in the form of
           | "It didn't work once, clearly we have no reason to learn from
           | it or try again."
        
             | samr71 wrote:
             | I feel that's a bit of a strawman.
             | 
             | It's generally closer to: "Every time it's been tried it's
             | been either bad or disastrous, clearly we have no reason to
             | learn from it or try again"
             | 
             | Which I think is fair! Hell, even the original strawman is
             | a fair argument IMO. Fascism didn't work once, and I don't
             | think there's much there to learn from (and we certainly
             | shouldn't try it again).
        
         | password321 wrote:
         | Anyone can state what the problem is but until you can come up
         | with a solution it means nothing.
        
       | godelzilla wrote:
       | Capitalism has always been based on exploitative relationships
       | between the user (aka employer) and the used (aka employee). Why
       | would anime be any different?
        
       | blhack wrote:
       | Because there are a lot of people willing to live in poverty to
       | be animators.
        
         | dennis_jeeves wrote:
         | Hence the phrase "Starving Artist"
        
         | jseliger wrote:
         | Another story that can be answered with "Supply and demand,"
         | like so many news stories.
         | 
         | My favorite sub-genre concerns adjuncts:
         | https://jakeseliger.com/2016/02/25/universities-treat-
         | adjunc.... All of them can be summarized as, "When supply
         | exceeds demand, prices fall."
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starving_artist
        
         | ryanmarsh wrote:
         | How dare you bring logic and reason into a discussion about
         | social issues on hacker news.
         | 
         | /sarcasm
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | While this is true, I think there is more nuance to it. We also
         | value cheap food but we don't care that migrant food pickers
         | make $10 an hour (or less). We are a selfish race, as long as
         | we get a deal, screw everyone else. As long as the exploitation
         | benefits us, we don't care. Amazon, diamonds, food supply, new
         | mobile phones, etc.
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | On the other hand, I'd like to assume that other people are
           | making the best decisions they can in their own lives.
           | Picking fruit for $10 an hour could likely be better than
           | their alternatives. I've worked for much less than that as a
           | programmer. At the time I didn't see better options. People
           | have different limitations. Some limitations might not even
           | make sense to others, but those are the constraints that they
           | work around.
        
       | yamrzou wrote:
       | https://archive.is/DuxBD
        
       | gnarbarian wrote:
       | Supply and demand. It's disappointing I'm not surprised by the
       | profound ignorance of this article at what used to be a
       | prestigious organization.
        
         | cmeacham98 wrote:
         | Blindly following 'supply and demand' for the labor market does
         | not make sense, for the obvious reason: participation by the
         | suppliers is effectively mandatory.
         | 
         | For the vast majority of people who need to work to be able to
         | afford rent/food/etc, they _must_ sell their labor somewhere,
         | and that choice is additionally restricted by the skills and
         | experience they have (you can switch careers, but an animator
         | can't just pack up and become a programmer immediately -
         | significant time/money is invested to gain the skills and/or
         | experience and/or credentials needed for another job).
         | 
         | In aggregate, the labor market generally follows "higher skill
         | (i.e. lower supply) job = higher wage", but zoom in on any
         | smaller part and that is not guaranteed.
        
         | throw_m239339 wrote:
         | > Supply and demand. It's disappointing I'm not surprised by
         | the profound ignorance of this article at what used to be a
         | prestigious organization.
         | 
         | Was it also supply and demand when a bunch of silicon valley
         | corporations decided to keep salaries low with secret
         | agreements?
        
           | neartheplain wrote:
           | Do you have credible suspicion of such collusion in the anime
           | industry?
           | 
           | And to answer your question, no. It was a crime, and law
           | enforcement put a stop to it.
        
           | gnarbarian wrote:
           | Monopolies and colluding oligopolies break capitalism. It's
           | why we have antitrust law, which we don't really seem to use
           | anymore (probably due to regulatory capture).
        
           | ggreer wrote:
           | Most people who know about that case are mistaken about
           | certain crucial facts. The collusion was that some companies
           | agreed not to cold call each other's employees.[1] Hiring was
           | still allowed, as were other recruiting methods such as
           | e-mail or LinkedIn messages.
           | 
           | The particularly nasty bit of collusion was between Apple and
           | a few other companies (Google, Adobe, Pixar). This collusion
           | only happened because of Steve Jobs's vindictive personality
           | combined with interlocking directorates[2]: Jobs was on the
           | board of Pixar, and Google & Adobe executives were on Apple's
           | board. Despite Jobs's best efforts, the collusion fell apart
           | after only 4 years because the companies kept poaching from
           | each other. It was over a year later that the DoJ filed its
           | first complaint.
           | 
           | Despite what most people think, it's really hard for
           | companies to cartelize. There is a massive incentive for any
           | one member of the cartel to pretend to collude while secretly
           | not colluding. Typically, such arrangements fall apart unless
           | there is a governing body that can sniff out and punish
           | defectors.
           | 
           | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-
           | Tech_Employee_Antitrust_L...
           | 
           | 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlocking_directorate
        
           | LesserEvil665 wrote:
           | right, in OC's mind that should be A-OK. Viewing everything
           | through the lens of supply & demand without any other
           | consideration will make monsters of us all.
        
         | dfilppi wrote:
         | Bingo. It's amazing how this simple concept continues to
         | confound otherwise intelligent people.
        
           | gnarbarian wrote:
           | It's easy to understand once you realize it's a propaganda
           | outlet. We have smart minds doing their best to tell a
           | particular story regardless of facts. Here is some good
           | reading on the phenomena
           | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/145660.The_Captive_Mind
        
       | protastus wrote:
       | A lazy and mediocre software developer gets paid more than a
       | world class concert pianist who obsessively practices 10 hours a
       | day.
       | 
       | The world doesn't need pianists like it needs software engineers.
       | This demand was also different 200 years ago.
       | 
       | This is basic economics that not enough people seem to understand
       | when they choose a job. Or maybe they do understand but want to
       | ignore the problem early in their careers.
       | 
       | As a student in my 20s, my love for mathematics exceeded my love
       | of engineering. I studied both and was good at both, but never
       | went far beyond undergrad level mathematics due to job
       | opportunities.
       | 
       | Sometimes in life we need to clearly separate what to do as an
       | amateur (for the love) and as a professional (for the money).
       | Sometimes the interests align, and if they do, good for you! But
       | it's important to be honest with yourself about goals and
       | planning.
        
         | vinger wrote:
         | And sometimes we need to check our facts before we make ill
         | informed decisions.
         | 
         | A world class pianist makes 25 to 75k per show. Far more than
         | any developer lazy or not.
         | 
         | A concert pianist makes 50k a year. Getting a seat is the hard
         | part.
         | 
         | And someone majoring in math can go as far as someone majoring
         | in engineering. Your college doesn't teach how to code, you
         | need to do that on your own.
        
           | protastus wrote:
           | > A world class pianist makes 25 to 75k per show. Far more
           | than any developer lazy or not.
           | 
           | Even if we picked such an outlier, the bookings would be
           | sparse.
           | 
           | A mediocre SWE in the Bay Area has a paycheck every 2 weeks
           | over the course of decades.
           | 
           | > And someone majoring in math can go as far as someone
           | majoring in engineering
           | 
           | The choice in my personal story was about becoming a
           | professional mathematician, not majoring in math and then
           | getting a job in engineering. The latter in fact is what I
           | did.
        
       | dartharva wrote:
       | Being from a third-world country, it it feels weird how western
       | media so casually uses the word "poverty". Where I come from,
       | living in poverty mostly means living in abject poor living
       | conditions- without a decent place to live in, without guarantee
       | of being able to secure meals for the day, etc.
       | 
       | People who can afford daily food and internet and computers will
       | never be classified as living in "poverty" here.
        
         | bargl wrote:
         | Gah. I can't remember the book but it classifies the different
         | levels of poverty. There were 4 levels.
         | 
         | I'm going from memory but level 1 was what you describe.
         | 
         | Level 2 is being able to meet your needs but all your time goes
         | into meeting those needs.
         | 
         | Level 3 is having enough extra money to pay for things you
         | don't need.
         | 
         | Level 4 was IIRC basically not having to work.
         | 
         | Most countries have a range of 1-3 or 2-3 or 3-4 or some
         | distribution of that.
         | 
         | Anyway long story short, western countries mostly have 2-4 and
         | don't know what 1 even looks like (on a lived experience
         | level). They've seen pictures of it and there are people living
         | in Level 1 in western countries, they just aren't as front and
         | center. If you've lived near Level 1 you know what real poverty
         | looks like. If you haven't you think that Level 2 is real
         | poverty. Both need to be addressed, but I agree that Level 1
         | poverty is so much worse for people living there.
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | I think it's much more about expectations. People from poorer
           | countries have much lower "needs". They live in smaller
           | homes, use worse electronics, use older cars etc. They expect
           | less, so their needs are lower. Once they become richer their
           | needs will grow too.
        
             | mattmanser wrote:
             | I don't think so, it's about relative cost. Everything is
             | so much more expensive in richer countries, but
             | comparatively speaking, cars, TVs, phones are much cheaper.
             | 
             | Like a phone is PS20, but a weekly shop for a family might
             | be PS100. A TV might be PS250, but rent is PS500.
             | 
             | So you can be in the paradoxical situation of being able to
             | afford to buy a phone or a TV one month, then next month
             | run out of money for food or rent.
        
             | GoblinSlayer wrote:
             | It's difficult to change habits. What if the needs don't
             | grow, what do?
        
           | MattSayar wrote:
           | "Factfulness" by Hans Rosling
           | 
           | Did a really good job of defining the levels and putting them
           | in perspective. In addition, it's a refreshingly optimistic
           | take on the direction humanity is trending. I read the book
           | because it was recommended by Bill Gates
        
             | bargl wrote:
             | That's IT!
             | 
             | Thank you for reminding me.
             | 
             | I totally agree, we hear so much negativity his approach to
             | showing how humanity in general is better off today than
             | any time in the past is encouraging.
        
         | walshemj wrote:
         | Poverty is defined as a certain % of the average (normally the
         | median) income.
         | 
         | And there are plenty of people living rough in the west.
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | When you're looking at policy to address lifting up the people
         | struggling at the bottom in various ways the only reasonable
         | course is to define it relative to local conditions. Looking
         | globally ignores local prices and needs for example.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | majani wrote:
         | The way I see it, constant dissatisfaction is a core part of
         | making progress
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | iscrewyou wrote:
         | The article isn't talking about just western countries. The
         | subheading is: "The workers who make the Japanese shows the
         | world is binge-watching can earn as little as $200 a month. "
        
           | dartharva wrote:
           | I know, but NYT is western media. My point was that they have
           | too low of a bar for classifying "poverty".
        
             | didibus wrote:
             | You mean too high a bar?
        
       | adamredwoods wrote:
       | Glamorous jobs tend to be extremely competitive, and therefore
       | pay out less. If anyone is interested in animation as a career, I
       | suggest specializing in design and motion graphics, it has better
       | demand and therefore pays a little better.
        
       | password321 wrote:
       | I feel the solution now for highly talented yet underpaid people
       | is to go solo on places like Youtube. Countless people are
       | willing to learn from some of the best.
        
       | s314159265358 wrote:
       | Well the answer to the heading is just hyper capitalism imho
        
       | toto444 wrote:
       | I don't have time to find source on the web to support that but
       | in his graphic novel about Pyongyang, Guy Delisle describes how a
       | lot of anime are made (if I am correct he is talking about Disney
       | but it is all from memory so correct me if I am wrong). Basically
       | Westerners make some designs and all the animation in between 2
       | designs is made in North Korea.
       | 
       | EDIT : I have found this
       | https://www.gpic.nl/producing_animation_in_North_Korea.pdf
       | 
       | "Q:How is the North's animation seen in abroad? A:Compared to
       | North Korea's general image around the world, their animation
       | sector has a remarkably good reputation. The nation has been
       | receiving many orders from abroad for quite some time, including
       | many from France and Italy. The workers usually participate in
       | original drawings and coloring. Some of the well-known foreign
       | animation projects the North has been involved in include "Lion
       | King", "Les Miserables", "Pocahontas" and an Italian production
       | of "Hercules" and "Billy the Cat" from France"
        
         | pradn wrote:
         | Super interesting, thanks for sharing!
         | 
         | Quotes from this article:
         | 
         | "But even many grown-ups enjoy [animation in North Korea]
         | because it is one of the rare television programs in the North
         | free of political messages"
         | 
         | "Actually most researchers estimate that almost half of the
         | households in the North have television sets. It's just another
         | common misconception about the North to think that only the
         | rich get to watch television. There are also many animated
         | films released in theatres."
        
       | ancorevard wrote:
       | Music is booming, so why are musicians living in poverty?
       | 
       | Remember this is extremistan, top 1% of artists earn pretty much
       | all the industry's revenue.
        
       | ExcavateGrandMa wrote:
       | Truth is that if you do such job to live and eat...
       | 
       | You'll need to not only produce the production but also handle
       | market sells... involving rights on your product... it's usually
       | in form of contract with big distributors...
       | 
       | depending your shit... you'll get a certain amount of cent(s) for
       | being used through the "distributors"...
       | 
       | WTH you expected? :D
        
       | ryanmarsh wrote:
       | Because they're a dime a dozen? When a 15 year old can do your
       | job and has access to the same tools the outcome is predictable.
       | 
       | A friend of mine runs a motion graphics studio. He does work for
       | big names. He said his number one fear is a teenager in his
       | mothers basement with Adobe After Effects.
        
       | neura wrote:
       | Supply, demand and reputation.
       | 
       | This quote is the most telling to me: "I want to work in the
       | anime industry for the rest of my life," Mr. Akutsu, 29, said
       | during a telephone interview. But as he prepares to start a
       | family, he feels intense financial pressure to leave. "I know
       | it's impossible to get married and to raise a child."
       | 
       | He knows it's impossible to get what he wants in life, as an
       | animator, but he still wants to do it for the rest of his life.
       | 
       | This isn't the case for most of the "jobs" that people are
       | mentioning in the comments here, like people don't dream of being
       | "cleaners" for the rest of their life, but there are other
       | reasons why that might seem like their only reasonable choice.
       | Lack of other marketable skills, probably being the most common.
       | For cleaners, it doesn't even require that they can speak
       | English, just that they can do the job they say the can.
       | 
       | My personal theory on anime, as that's the specific subject of
       | the article, is that if there were a much lower supply of
       | competent animators and the animations were more expensive to
       | purchase, they wouldn't be so popular, people would find other
       | things to do/watch, etc. Which really boils back down to supply
       | and demand. It's not as simple as "people demand anime", but more
       | something like "people are willing to pay $x for y hours of time
       | watching anime", where services like Netflix (or more specific to
       | the subject of anime, Crunchyroll) charge some small amount per
       | month and give access to hundreds of seasons and full movies. If
       | the masses had to purchase each season or episode individually,
       | I'd suppose people would be watching a lot less or pirating a lot
       | more.
        
         | CyberRage wrote:
         | Anime profits are actually quite low compared to other similar
         | content.
        
         | UnpossibleJim wrote:
         | It may also have to do with why game companies in the US pay
         | coders, testers and artists lower wages than non game
         | companies. Game companies have "sold the dream" of working at a
         | game company. Riding on a razor scooter, eating free snacks,
         | wearing a hoodie while earning a subscale wage for the same
         | work and longer hours during "crunch time". Executives and
         | producers make the lions share because the above people's
         | dreams are easily manipulated, not unlike the Anime industry in
         | Japan.
        
           | jonfw wrote:
           | It's pretty disrespectful to game developers to imply that
           | their 'dreams are easily manipulated' when they take less
           | money to work in a field that's more interesting to them.
           | 
           | This is a simple function of supply and demand, not naive
           | developers too weak minded to resist executives. Developers
           | interested in gaming are in high supply, while gaming pales
           | economically in comparison to the fields where most of us
           | work (presumably tech and fintech).
        
             | UnpossibleJim wrote:
             | I didn't mean to imply that developers are weak minded (I
             | hope not - it's the industry I have worked in for the last
             | 20 years). In 2020 alone the video game industry took in
             | 179+ billion dollars vs. the "tech" industry's 409+
             | billion, so I'm not sure that saying it "pales" in
             | comparison is completely fair. Meanwhile the term "tech" is
             | pretty broad, while games is a very narrow focus that might
             | well be included in the "tech" sales... I'm unsure how that
             | umbrella term is calculated.
             | 
             | Either way, I certainly meant no disrespect.
        
             | salamanderman wrote:
             | Well, the executives, and the cult mentality within those
             | companies, will tell the developers that they don't deserve
             | more, and that they couldn't find better if they tried to
             | leave, and that they are also easily replaceable. It is
             | toxic manipulation. It would be fine, in some sense, if it
             | were just supply and demand, but having seen the emotional
             | breakdowns of a number of my friends, it is definitely more
             | than that.
        
               | jonfw wrote:
               | I can't imagine that the industry is so uniquely
               | emotionally abusive that it would drive a disparity in
               | earnings across such a large sample size. I'm sure that
               | there are some bad apples though, and I'm sorry that your
               | friends experienced that.
        
       | HellDunkel wrote:
       | This claims hand crafted anime is booming when in reality it is
       | fighting for survival and that is why animator get paid next to
       | nothing.
        
       | arduinomancer wrote:
       | Dumb question but has a country ever implemented a mandatory
       | profit-sharing law?
       | 
       | I.e. still capitalism but the owners of companies are required to
       | share X percent profits with employees?
        
       | scrame wrote:
       | Because it's work for hire.
        
       | eigenvalue wrote:
       | This is a sad story. I have been working on a project for a
       | couple years now called Pastel Network (http://pastel.wiki/) that
       | is all about making NFTs/rare digital art on the blockchain
       | accessible and affordable to everyone with very low fees. This is
       | unlike all the hot NFT projects based on Ethereum, where it
       | currently costs hundreds of dollars to "mint" an artwork, which
       | makes it risky for artists in case the work doesn't sell, and
       | also makes it impossible to sell art for low dollar amounts while
       | still making a decent profit margin. My hope all along was that
       | artists like this from poor countries would be able to
       | participate, and I was thinking about anime in particular (the
       | project started out being called Animecoin).
        
       | jayd16 wrote:
       | I guess Japanese animators do not have a union?
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | Short answer: because you are either money or you are talent and
       | they are totally different understandings of how the world works.
       | Skills aren't capital - people with skills are capital. What is
       | capital? Something that grows and creates value while you sleep.
       | How do you get some of that productive capital? Leverage. How do
       | you get leverage? By promising a potentially better risk adjusted
       | return on someone elses surplus capital than they can get from
       | interest or an index fund. How do you create the better return?
       | By moving something from one place to another better than the
       | alternatives, etc.
       | 
       | While this is very high level, it is important to observe that
       | none of this has anything to do with being really good at making
       | hand drawn tentacle porn, or writing code for that matter.
        
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