[HN Gopher] New Glenn's Progress Towards Maiden Flight
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       New Glenn's Progress Towards Maiden Flight
        
       Author : _Microft
       Score  : 49 points
       Date   : 2021-02-25 17:37 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.blueorigin.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.blueorigin.com)
        
       | ThisIsTheWay wrote:
       | More bad news for the Blue Origin team, but at least they've got
       | pockets deep enough to absorb the delay to revenue.
        
         | xt00 wrote:
         | I hate to say it, but this slow pace feels like Blue Origin is
         | being run by the folks next door to it from Boeing.... If
         | people didn't already notice, you can spell Boeing from the
         | letters in BluE OrIGiN (a bit out of order)...
        
         | _Microft wrote:
         | The bad news mentioned here are that New Glenn's maiden flight
         | is delayed by approximately a year compared to earlier
         | estimates.
         | 
         | Things being delayed in space-flight related activities is
         | completely normal but it is disappointing anyways. If SpaceX
         | manages to get Starship to orbit and back, I do not see how
         | Blue Origin could reasonably compete with them. It's not that
         | they are a national space program that is supported no matter
         | what because of national security reasons. They actually have
         | to compete for something sooner or later.
        
           | ThisIsTheWay wrote:
           | While I certainly agree that aggressive timelines often get
           | modified, especially with new launch systems, initial
           | estimates in 2016 were for first flight in 2020.[0] Then they
           | pushed to 2021.[1] Additionally, the fact that they called
           | out Q4 2022 (late in the year) doesn't give me a lot of
           | confidence they'll even get it done in 2022 either.
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.geekwire.com/2016/jeff-bezos-lifts-curtain-
           | blue-...
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.geekwire.com/2018/blue-origin-resets-
           | schedule-fi...
        
           | shazmosushi wrote:
           | New Glenn is a case of "I don't have to outrun the bear, I
           | just have to outrun you".
           | 
           | The Atlas V and Delta IV Heavy are being phased out in favor
           | of ULA's Vulcan (which uses its BE-4 engines). Falcon 9 is
           | otherwise dominant.
           | 
           | Despite sharing its BE-4 engines with ULA, New Glenn will
           | eventually win a few national security payloads per year. If
           | the economics of reusability pan out for them, they might
           | eventually even beat the Vulcan!
           | 
           | We'll see if they can take their future taxpayer-funded first
           | stages and launch commercial satellites with bargain basement
           | internal costs, like SpaceX has achieved.
        
           | Teever wrote:
           | > It's not that they are a national space program that is
           | supported no matter what because of national security
           | reasons.
           | 
           | To be fair the whims and ego of one of the world's richest
           | men who owns a company as vast as Amazon is a pretty close
           | second to ensuring secured funding.
        
             | FlyMoreRockets wrote:
             | Considering how US space program funding is subject to the
             | whims of presidential administrations and congressional
             | funding, New Origin may actually come out on top of this
             | comparison.
        
               | ThisIsTheWay wrote:
               | How so? SpaceX is a proven launch system at this point,
               | ULA has plenty of business, and SLS isn't going anywhere
               | soon, so there aren't many options for new entrants.
        
           | icegreentea2 wrote:
           | Blue Origin at least gets a bit of the pie with supplying the
           | BE-4 for ULA.
           | 
           | But ya, definitely challenging.
        
             | ThisIsTheWay wrote:
             | You make a good point here, I sometimes forget BE-4 is
             | being used on other boosters.
        
           | Diederich wrote:
           | > I do not see how Blue Origin could reasonably compete with
           | [SpaceX Starship].
           | 
           | I could be wrong, but I don't think Blue has any plans (at
           | least in public) for full re-usability.
           | 
           | Though New Glenn is a beast, it's not _that_ much more
           | powerful than Falcon Heavy, and both of those platforms still
           | throw away the 2nd stage.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | I feel fairly certain that Blue Origin has plans for second
             | stage reuse. Whether these plans have gone much past the
             | napkin phase is another question.
             | 
             | SpaceX mocked up a plan to reuse the second stage of Falcon
             | 9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSF81yjVbJE These plans
             | were scrapped to concentrate on Starship.
             | 
             | If the Falcon 9 is big enough to have enough margin to
             | support second stage reuse, New Glenn definitely does too.
        
               | Diederich wrote:
               | Right; I have no doubt that Blue/people inside of Blue
               | are having serious thoughts about 2nd stage re-use, at
               | least to a level roughly equivalent to what you pointed
               | out SpaceX has revealed.
               | 
               | However, I suspect 2nd stage/full re-use is fundamentally
               | so much harder than 'just' 1st stage re-use that it
               | requires a full re-use design from top to bottom, a la
               | Starship/Superheavy.
               | 
               | Of course, Blue has been historically far more closed
               | than SpaceX, so it's possible that they have legit, in
               | progress full re-use! That would be great.
        
             | AJ007 wrote:
             | It's amazing that Blue Origin is older than SpaceX.
        
               | ptmcc wrote:
               | Granted for much of its history it was a science project.
               | Blue was _tiny_ for most of its history.
               | 
               | The push to scale up and become an operational launch
               | company has only ramped up in the past several years.
               | 
               | They still move somewhat slowly and are fiercely private,
               | but those early years were targeting different goals.
        
       | throw4738950727 wrote:
       | bo is a vanity project by someone who made billions selling
       | counterfeits and factory rejects as legitimate products to
       | unsuspecting consumers, to produce a rocket that will be obsolete
       | before it ever flies.
        
       | dint wrote:
       | Lots of interesting news this morning from Blue Origin's normally
       | quiet press room. Also of note is a series of videos showing
       | progress at their Cape Canaveral rocket factory & launch
       | facility:
       | 
       | The stage 1 simulator, and integration & test facilities:
       | https://twitter.com/blueorigin/status/1364968313047162880?s=...
       | 
       | "Tank Cleaning and Testing" facility:
       | https://twitter.com/blueorigin/status/1364968720364429317?s=...
       | 
       | Launch Complex 36:
       | https://twitter.com/blueorigin/status/1364969291746074628?s=...
       | 
       | It's exciting to see BO making progress on their campaign to
       | catch SpaceX in the commercial launch space. I'm curious whether
       | the slow, deliberative approach they show here will pay off in
       | reliability, ability to scale, etc once they start putting kgs in
       | orbit.
        
         | bryanlarsen wrote:
         | Those are some impressive facilities. Billions of dollars for a
         | factory and a launch complex for a rocket smaller than the
         | massive one that SpaceX is building in tents at Boca Chica,
         | Texas.
         | 
         | It seems obvious that you have to build the factory before you
         | can build a rocket but Musk has figured out how to get around
         | that.
         | 
         | He did it the old way at Tesla for the Model 3: built out the
         | factory before building the car, his "alien dreadnought" highly
         | automated factory that then went through "production hell" and
         | was 2 weeks away from bankrupting the company.
         | 
         | He then built a giant tent in the parking lot of his factory,
         | and iterated on a factory design, took that design and used it
         | to build giga-Shanghai, producing vehicles of higher quality
         | than his American built ones.
         | 
         | Who knew that a factory design doesn't have to be "big design
         | up front" and can instead be more software style iterative
         | design?
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | > Who knew that a factory design doesn't have to be "big
           | design up front" and can instead be more software style
           | iterative design?
           | 
           | Anyone who's ever done manufacturing? Anyone who's ever built
           | something with their hands? Anyone who realizes that when
           | assembling anything from 30,000 parts, it's going to take a
           | lot of time and iteration to get your build quality to an
           | acceptable level?
           | 
           | Now, this may all come as a shock to software people, but
           | anyone who has actually built stuff out of real, physical
           | objects, would be aware of this... And why you should never
           | buy a version 1.0 of anything.
           | 
           | I legitimately don't understand why software engineers think
           | that other professionals can't understand the concept of
           | iteration. When GM builds a car factory, they aren't doing it
           | from zero. They are building it on top of a hundred years of
           | manufacturing experience and iteration. When Tesla was
           | building its first car factory, it had nearly-zero years of
           | institutional manufacturing experience and iteration. Of
           | _course_ a big up-front build was going to be a disaster. It
           | 's why they still can't figure out how to align the interior
           | panels in their cars.
        
             | z3rgl1ng wrote:
             | Indeed, software borrows its iteration concepts from
             | manufacturing and is now several decades behind the
             | innovation curve.
        
             | mikeyouse wrote:
             | Yep. I know Tesla has manufacturing people who get it, but
             | some of Tesla fans are just lost in the wilderness.
             | "Tesla's plant has so many robots!" -- that's every car
             | plant these days! Nobody wants to pay for labor or deal
             | with recalls for inconsistent welds.
             | 
             | Here's a random video of a GM SUV production process --
             | just filled to the brim with robots.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Ow7gmZTIpo
             | 
             | They're obviously aiming to cut cost and build time as much
             | as possible, so they automate where they can without
             | sacrificing quality for things like spacing gaps. Over
             | time, that'll be automated too. GM as an example spends
             | like $30 billion/year in CapEx -- that'll buy a lot of
             | robots!
        
               | bob33212 wrote:
               | That is the problem. The Execs at GM are MBAs who are
               | good at pulling financial levers. "Reduce costs by X%",
               | "Increase R&D budget by Y%".
               | 
               | Tesla is playing a different game based on first
               | principals. "How low can we get cell cost?", "How can we
               | get range to 300 miles without extra costs?"
               | 
               | Obviously finance is important. If you run out of cash
               | you can go bankrupt. But in the long run whoever is
               | innovating the fastest without going bankrupt wins.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | This is pretty meme-y. Elon's got a degree in physics and
               | econ... Mary Barra has an engineering degree and managed
               | an auto manufacturing plant. Which is probably why GM
               | makes a profit on every car they sell and Tesla..
               | doesn't...
               | 
               | There is no doubt Tesla is a revolutionary company and as
               | a "car guy", I'm ecstatic that they somehow bootstrapped
               | a new American auto manufacturer. Their commitment to
               | reducing electric car costs likely put a huge dent in the
               | trajectory of climate change which as an unequivocal
               | good. My only point is that they could have done all that
               | and built a "normal" manufacturing plant in the South
               | somewhere and never have been two weeks away from
               | shutting the company down vs. trying to "First
               | Principles" design a new way to build cars that had them
               | reinventing the wheel in messier, more expensive way.
        
               | bob33212 wrote:
               | Are you including the profits GM dealerships make on
               | undercoating, transmission fluid flushes at 30k miles in
               | those numbers?
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | No - those are on the books of GM dealerships and don't
               | impact GM's financials whatsoever.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | Tesla's GAAP gross margin is 21%, GM's is 11%.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | GM (and all other auto manufacturers) include their R&D
               | expense in their COGS since they acknowledge they must
               | release new models every year. Tesla, doesn't.
               | 
               | Tesla also doesn't include showroom costs in their COGS,
               | but they can't sell cars without them.. (all other autos
               | only include the revenue they receive from their dealer
               | networks as the top-line revenue figure).
               | 
               | These are the kinds of thing that makes people suspicious
               | about their ultimate financials.
               | 
               | https://seekingalpha.com/article/2783335-how-teslas-
               | deceptiv...
               | 
               | I don't care at all about stock prices, I'm actively
               | shopping for an electric car and Teslas are near the top
               | of my list since they're so technologically advanced, but
               | they're just not very well as a manufacturer or as a
               | responsibly run corporation which annoys me since I'm in
               | corporate finance.
               | 
               | As an example, if Tesla and GM both had $10,000 cars for
               | sale. GM's "Cost of Goods Sold" would include the
               | manufacturing costs, costs for R&D and their revenue
               | would only be $8k since the dealer networks have their
               | own books - but then GM isn't responsible for all of the
               | showrooms and sales staff, etc.
               | 
               | Tesla's revenue would show $10k, but would only include
               | the cost to manufacturer (the R&D expense is "below the
               | line") and they wouldn't include any costs to have
               | hundreds of showroom locations - even those those
               | showrooms are necessary to sell cars at any volume, and
               | Tesla has to pay for out of that $10k sales price.
               | 
               | It's obviously not apples-to-apples to compare those
               | "GAAP Gross Margin" between those two things.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | Your original statement "Tesla doesn't make a profit on
               | every car" is a blatant untruth. That's an understandable
               | mistake for a layman to make given the misinformation out
               | there, but you claim to be in corporate finance and
               | should have better standards.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | I felt like "by the accounting standards used by
               | literally every other company in the auto industry" was
               | implicit. So apologies - "Tesla doesn't make a profit on
               | every car, If you use the accounting standards in place
               | for every other auto manufacturer."
               | 
               | There are a lot of weird short seller conspiracies out
               | there but "In order to increase apparent profitability,
               | Tesla uses different accounting than every other auto
               | company" is a factual statement and so is "If you use
               | actual industry GAAP, Tesla isn't yet GM profitable."
               | 
               | I hope they get there! I hope they sell 10M cars per
               | year.. but to hold them up as a manufacturing leader is
               | pretty silly.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | Space-X has a large rocket factory. It's in Hawthorne,
           | California. It looks much like an ICBM factory from the
           | 1960s. Boca Chica is a launch and final assembly facility.
        
             | mft_ wrote:
             | The "massive" rocket he's referring to is Starship,
             | multiple versions of which are being built in Texas, not
             | Ca.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Diederich wrote:
       | As a pretty big SpaceX fan, the additional delay is quite
       | disappointing. I was greatly looking forward to seeing New Glenn
       | go up...and back down...late this year.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | _This updated maiden flight target follows the recent Space Force
       | decision to not select New Glenn for the National Security Space
       | Launch (NSSL)_ Or, we don 't really have a customer.
        
         | shazmosushi wrote:
         | It looks like the National Security Space Launch (NSSL) Phase 2
         | Launch Services Procurement (LSP) contract that Blue Origin
         | refer to was awarded in August 2020 (six months ago).
         | 
         | https://www.afrc.af.mil/News/Article/2305576/space-force-awa...
        
         | _Microft wrote:
         | They have actual customers signed up to launch their satellites
         | on New Glenn [0][1].
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Glenn#Launch_service_custo...
         | 
         | [1] (german)
         | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Glenn#Geplante_Starts
        
           | bryanlarsen wrote:
           | Both Telesat's Lightspeed and Amazon's Kuiper are planning on
           | launching very large constellations on New Glenn, so those
           | two alone represent a _lot_ of launches.
        
       | walrus01 wrote:
       | This also pushes further back the schedule for Amazon's Kuiper,
       | unless they plan to use third party launch services.
        
         | ThisIsTheWay wrote:
         | I feel like they have to use a third party at this point. The
         | friction between Musk/SpaceX, Blue Origin, and the FCC makes me
         | think that Kuiper needs to get on orbit ASAP to begin testing.
         | Starlink is rolling out quickly, and if Amazon doesn't get
         | moving now they are really going to be in a tough spot.
        
       | throwawayX1 wrote:
       | I really hope that SpaceX gets some serious competition by
       | another partially reusable rocket. We need multiple viable launch
       | providers in the market.
       | 
       | I don't think this will happen, but that announcement reads a lot
       | like delay announcements that shadow a future cancellation. ('we
       | continue to remain committed ...', 'persuing other
       | opportunities', 'growing market ...' (it isn't) ...)
       | 
       | There are two aspects here:
       | 
       | A) With the way Blue Origin operates, I highly doubt New Glenn
       | can be competitive with Falcon 9 / Falcon Heavy financially, at
       | least without heavy discounts funded by Bezos. More so once
       | Falcon Heavy gets the upgraded fairing they are developing for
       | government launches.
       | 
       | Blue might still get some business from the US government and
       | from Starlink competitors that don't want to help fund Spacex,
       | but the market seems very limited. We are already at a point
       | where Falcon 9 can handle most payloads, and there are no
       | commercial use cases for larger payloads on the horizon.
       | 
       | Which brings me to the second point:
       | 
       | If Musks claims for Starship regarding cost and reusability come
       | true, no one will be remotely competitive with that rocket. It's
       | in a whole different league with a huge payload capacity and full
       | (1st + 2nd stage) reusability.
       | 
       | Starship has a chance of reaching orbit maybe late this year, but
       | more likely in 2021. The question is if Bezos will be willing to
       | pump billions into Blue Origin for the 4+ years until they can
       | catch up with their own second generation rocket, currently
       | nicknamed New Armstrong.
       | 
       | A first New Glenn launch would probably mean start of scheduled
       | service in late 2023, at which point Starship might already be
       | launching regularly.
        
         | pseudosavant wrote:
         | "If Musks claims for..." Elon makes many claims, most of them
         | never become true, or become true years later than he said.
         | 
         | - Full autonomous driving by 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021... He
         | said it was 6 months from release in Jan 2017. That was
         | obviously a complete lie.
         | 
         | - You could sleep in your car with Autopilot driving by 2019
         | 
         | - Tesla vehicles will be assets that make you money. "1 million
         | robotaxis on the road by 2020"
         | 
         | - Tesla will make a mini-sub in a couple days to save that
         | youth soccer team stuck in an cave
         | 
         | - There will be fewer fatalities per million miles if Autopilot
         | is engaged than if it wasn't. Suprise, fatalities/mile is
         | actually higher with Autopilot.
         | 
         | - "In ~2 years, summon should work anywhere connected by land &
         | not blocked by borders, eg you're in LA and the car is in NY"
         | 
         | - Tesla Roadster would be out by 2020
         | 
         | - Tesla Semis on the road by 2019
         | 
         | - Teslas will be able to swap batteries faster than you could
         | refill an ICE vehicle instead of recharging your battery
         | 
         | - Taking Tesla private
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | throwawayX1 wrote:
           | It's notable that non of your quotes concern SpaceX.
           | 
           | One should definitely be wary of Musks often inflated / over-
           | optimistic claims, but Starship has a good chance of holding
           | true to most of what was promised.
        
           | labcomputer wrote:
           | So 50% of your points are that Musk was wrong about self-
           | driving. Fair enough, but why stop copy-pasting there?
           | 
           | As far as I remember, Tesla built a public battery swap
           | station in a former car wash at Harris Ranch and real
           | customers did use it. I also recall that the swapping
           | hardware was demonstrated on video to do two pack swaps in
           | the same time it took to re-fill a gas Audi. So I'm not sure
           | what your point is with that.
           | 
           | The mini-sub was actually built, but not used. Not sure if
           | I'd count that as "never came true".
           | 
           | As for the Roadster and Semi delays... the Semi _is_ on the
           | road (there are at least two of them), and it 's not like
           | Tesla is the only car manufacturer to miss shipping targets.
           | Are the CEOs of those companies "liars" too?
        
         | Nekhrimah wrote:
         | > [Blue Origin's] second generation rocket, currently nicknamed
         | New Armstrong.
         | 
         | Great post. Just clarifying that New Armstrong will be the
         | third generation, behind New Glenn (second) and New Sheppard
         | (first).
        
         | bryanlarsen wrote:
         | Amazon's Kuiper constellation and Telesat's Lightspeed
         | constellation are more than enough to ensure viability of New
         | Glenn.
        
           | Iolaum wrote:
           | Will the end product be competitive if their launch costs are
           | 2+ times the cost of their main competitor?
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | There are enough companies that won't launch on SpaceX
             | because SpaceX is a competitor and enough companies that
             | spread their launch contracts as a kind of insurance that a
             | second vendor could stay viable. But with Blue Origin, ULA,
             | Ariane and Roscosmos fighting for that second spot thats a
             | small number of launches spread over quite a few vendors...
        
           | throwawayX1 wrote:
           | That's an interesting thing to consider.
           | 
           | Unless they subsidize, New Glenn will have to be quite
           | expensive. As the announcement says, they spent 3.5 billion
           | just on a factory and a launchpad, and they are years away
           | from launching.
           | 
           | Amazon, as such a high visibility public company, may have a
           | hard time justifying a 2X+ price difference versus launching
           | on Falcons, and for Starship the difference could be
           | significantly more.
           | 
           | It's also questionable if Amazon is willing to wait 3 years
           | to get any significant amount of sats into orbit. That will
           | give Starlink a big advantage.
           | 
           | Of course SpaceX also has an incentive to delay Kuiper, so
           | they might not bid for it at all, or only provide very
           | limited availability.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | That 2.5B is sunk costs. They should be pricing based on
             | operating costs and the market, mostly ignoring sunk costs.
        
               | throwawayX1 wrote:
               | Sure, my point is that nothing about Blue Origin implies
               | a lean, cost conscious way of operating or that New Glenn
               | will be cheap to build and fly.
               | 
               | The money has to come from somewhere.
               | 
               | Either it's from Bezos, or it's from launches with a
               | price that won't make it easy to win many customers in
               | the very small market of large payloads.
        
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       (page generated 2021-02-25 23:02 UTC)