[HN Gopher] Earth's magnetic field broke down 42k years ago, cau...
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       Earth's magnetic field broke down 42k years ago, caused sudden
       climate change
        
       Author : T-A
       Score  : 96 points
       Date   : 2021-02-22 11:43 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (theconversation.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (theconversation.com)
        
       | chrisacky wrote:
       | On the topic of "Adams Event" and Hitchhikers, I actually find
       | these topics really entertaining from a literary angle. Cave-
       | dwelling post-apoc isn't a type I've done. Does anyone know of
       | any works themed around magnetic breakdown? I've quite liked the
       | Red Rising series which I guess is similar? Bobiverse/Enders
       | Game/Hell Divers etc? Recommendations welcome :)
        
         | shireboy wrote:
         | Been a while since I read them, and I don't think it was
         | magnetic reversal, but Silo series involves prolonged life in
         | underground silos.
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo_(series)
        
         | rzzzt wrote:
         | The Long Dark's backstory begins with a geomagnetic phenomenon,
         | the rest is "regular" survival:
         | https://store.steampowered.com/app/305620/The_Long_Dark/
         | 
         | Edit: oops, skipped a few words and my eyes focused on "game".
        
         | pugworthy wrote:
         | It's driven by nuclear war, but check out Metro 2033 by Russian
         | author Dmitry Glukhovsky. It takes place in the Moscow Metro
         | where people live after a prolonged nuclear winter (with
         | mutants). There is a subsequent video game series derived from
         | the book.
        
         | SuoDuanDao wrote:
         | Seven Eves has a breakaway civilization that survives an
         | apocalyptic event by moving underground, though it's not the
         | focus of the story.
        
         | ZeroGravitas wrote:
         | There's a Netflix series that's apparently based on a Polish
         | sci-fi novel that has a similar thing, with daylight becoming
         | deadly.
         | 
         | https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2020/05/review-airplane-passe...
        
       | hourislate wrote:
       | Interesting story, don't know if it's true or possible but it's
       | certainly fascinating and terrifying at the same time.
       | 
       | https://archive.org/details/ChanThomasTheAdamAndEveStoryTheH...
       | 
       | There are a few good Reddit threads and some great /x threads
       | concerning the book and the science.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | It's amazing that so much ocean life has survived these
       | transitions. That means a small percentage of those creatures
       | that find the ocean's surface using magnetic fields actually swim
       | the wrong way and die for tens of thousands of years, until they
       | are the ones going the proper way :)
        
         | pklausler wrote:
         | Wait, what? What organisms depend on a magnetic field to find
         | the surface?
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | Not only the surface; here is one among many describing the
           | magnetotactic sense.
           | 
           | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/09/200914112224.h.
           | ..
        
       | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
       | It's expected that earth's magnetic polarity has reversed about
       | 170 times during the last 76 million years[1]. I remember hearing
       | a hypothesis that Mars could have lost its atmosphere due
       | magnetic polarity reversal in some TV documentary for what its
       | worth.
       | 
       | [1]NASA : https://image.gsfc.nasa.gov/poetry/tour/AAmag.html
        
       | beauzero wrote:
       | We have to colonize more than one planet and become a space
       | civilization. We risk too much if we don't.
        
         | bdamm wrote:
         | Perhaps we are descended from such travelers? Is our DNA an
         | interstellar mix from 70k years ago? How would we know?
        
         | zachrose wrote:
         | I never understand this sentiment. I get that "we" is "the
         | human species" but in practice it just means "some people." A
         | magnetic pole reversal would be nobody's fault, but knowing
         | that some humans survived off-planet wouldn't make me feel
         | better about it.
        
           | dTal wrote:
           | I in turn don't understand this sentiment. What are you
           | trying to say? That you don't care about the continued
           | survival of humanity beyond your own demise? You would be
           | perfectly happy for everyone to be wiped out the day after
           | you die?
        
           | postalrat wrote:
           | Is it suppose to matter how you feel?
           | 
           | Giving up the human species because zarchose will be unhappy
           | he didn't survive the apocalypse seems a waste.
        
         | Aardwolf wrote:
         | If not a planet, at least floating space stations may be a
         | possibility
        
         | sosborn wrote:
         | Honest question: what do we really risk in the grand scheme of
         | things? Extinction? Would that negatively affect anything other
         | than our egos?
         | 
         | (For the record, I'm all for colonizing other locations)
        
           | dTal wrote:
           | It would negatively affect virtually every value system ever
           | created. If human extinction isn't "bad", then nothing is
           | "bad". Anyone that nihilistic clearly lacks any framework to
           | assign value judgements to anything, and therefore has no
           | business participating in any decision-making discussion
           | (such as "should we travel to the stars").
        
           | c7DJTLrn wrote:
           | I think it would be a great shame if the only self-aware life
           | in the observable universe dies out before it can find out
           | the mechanisms behind all of this.
           | 
           | Sometimes when I'm trying to doze off at night, I think about
           | how strange our existence is. Not even the smartest people on
           | this planet have any idea how or why the universe exists. We
           | might never find out. We might be a simulation operated by
           | higher beings, but that raises even more questions. Argh,
           | what I would give to know.
        
         | mempko wrote:
         | We are in the middle of the sixth mass extinction and global
         | warming. I fear we may have already run out of time.
        
       | fy20 wrote:
       | What would 'survival' look like if such an event would happen
       | today. Large underground bunkers, with nuclear reactors for
       | power, could be pretty self sufficient, but is there any less
       | dystopian way we could survive?
       | 
       | UV wouldn't be much of an issue for concrete buildings, but
       | anything plastic would be a no-no. How could we protect against
       | other types of stellar particles?
        
         | goda90 wrote:
         | Underwater habitats could probably be made with plastic still.
         | Under a few hundred feet, radiation will probably drop off
         | enough to not cause damage. Of course corrosion becomes a new
         | problem to fight.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | >> Under a few hundred feet, radiation will probably drop off
           | enough to not cause damage.
           | 
           | At a few hundred feet, a structure able to hold off the water
           | pressure would probably be thick enough to hold off the
           | radiation if installed on the surface. In rough numbers, the
           | mass of air above us now is equivalent to about 10m depth of
           | seawater. A few hundred feet, call it 100m, would be like
           | having ten atmospheres worth of radiation absorption above
           | us. We need not go that far. Relatively thin engineered
           | coatings on glass/plastic sheets would be as effective at
           | blocking the extra UV.
        
           | war1025 wrote:
           | Isn't water a ridiculously effective radiation shield? I
           | thought I saw a web comic once claiming that you could swim
           | in a pool with radioactive waste and be just fine as long as
           | you stayed X feet away, where X was on the order of a couple
           | feet.
        
             | SuoDuanDao wrote:
             | It is one of the better ones, at nuclear plants the spent
             | fuel is typically kept in what amounts to swimming pools as
             | a cheap way to shield from the radiation.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | It depends on the exact nature of the radiation. Note
               | those pools. The dangerous radiation is blocked very
               | well, but you can still _see_ the stuff in the tank
               | because light passes through water. Electromagnetic
               | radiation isn 't blocked by water as effectively as
               | alpha/beta particles.
        
               | SuoDuanDao wrote:
               | True, the pictures look pretty eerie (I had a professor
               | whose first career was in nuclear reactors and he liked
               | to show us pics). I imagine radiation that's dangerous is
               | dangerous because it can impact a human body at a high
               | speed, and we're mostly water, so...
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | UV radiation is moving that the speed of light. So is
               | infrared light, which is blocked by water rather well.
               | What is dangerous are those things that are both fast and
               | heavy, particles from radioactive decay.
        
             | occamschainsaw wrote:
             | This one? https://what-if.xkcd.com/29/
        
               | war1025 wrote:
               | Yup that looks like the one I had in mind.
        
         | jarym wrote:
         | I dunno, surviving the isolation of lockdown from COVID-19 is
         | challenging enough (as those who have had to live through
         | strict lockdowns can confirm). Humans need more than water and
         | food.
        
         | sandworm101 wrote:
         | Be worried, but don't assume this is an earth-ending event. How
         | magnetic fields impact UV penetration is a complex process
         | involving both physics and chemistry. One thing humans have
         | proven very good at is modifying our atmosphere. Before we all
         | retreat into caves we will try to boost our ozone layer.
         | Artificial injection of ozone into the upper atmosphere is well
         | within current technology. It isn't currently economical but
         | would be cheaper than living like mole people.
         | 
         | And don't worry about nuclear power. Getting sufficient solar
         | power won't be a problem with all those higher-energy particles
         | getting through.
        
           | Amezarak wrote:
           | I am pretty skeptical that humans simply holed up in caves
           | until this was all over, as the article suggests.
           | 
           | In fact I'm skeptical UV would be a big problem for humans at
           | all. Aside from holing up in our houses and offices most of
           | the day, we wear clothes.
        
             | lowdose wrote:
             | It could be that our alphabet was the key to scale.
             | 
             | On a side note is it a coincidence Golang has exactly 27
             | first class functions?
        
             | ornornor wrote:
             | And yet, so many get skin cancer when a big chunk of the
             | population is vitamin D deficient through lack of exposure
             | to the sun.
        
         | api wrote:
         | It would look like COVID a lot of the time: life indoors. There
         | would also be a lot of protective clothing and probably an end
         | to practices like sunbathing.
         | 
         | The real disaster would be in agriculture where climate shifts
         | and increased UV would play havoc. A lot of people would starve
         | and there would be refugee crises and wars all over the world.
         | Indoor farming or farming under plastic sheeting shields would
         | become a big thing in the developed world.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | Much of the evidence of this event comes from tree rings. So
           | at least those trees survived the event to tell the tale.
           | Agriculture would certainly change but it wouldn't be over. A
           | reordering of the climate would certainly change what is
           | grown where but plants would still be able grow, that least
           | that was what happened last time.
        
           | riffraff wrote:
           | > an end to practices like sunbathing
           | 
           | Thanks fo making me chuckle as I remembered the Sunblock 5000
           | ads[0] in the original Robocop movie.
           | 
           | It's interesting to see how nobody worries about the ozone
           | layer anymore, but somehow we may end up in the same place.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCTSCAQzY9k
        
         | frongpik wrote:
         | It's sinking and raising of the continents that's the problem.
         | There's little point in hiding in a underground bunker if that
         | bunker ends up in the middle of the Atlantic ocean.
        
         | hanniabu wrote:
         | Yeah we'd have to live underground like mars people.
        
           | jansan wrote:
           | Let's see how Mars people like the holes that Peserverance is
           | about to drill into their ceiling.
        
             | DyslexicAtheist wrote:
             | apparently Mars people have been cracking jokes for over 20
             | years wrt "Linux being used on Mars before anyone will ever
             | use it on the Desktop", and now the joke isn't funny
             | anymore.
             | 
             | further some unpatched and critical vulns in systemd might
             | actually prevent Peserverance from fulfilling its mission.
             | I propose we send Lennart Poettering personally and at once
             | (!) on a mission to sort it out.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | Isn't Linux running on the experimental helicopter, that
               | also uses an off-the-shelf Snapdragon SoC? The rover
               | itself is supposed to be running a RTOS.
        
         | imglorp wrote:
         | Actually, some plastics are radiation shielding and they're off
         | the shelf. First link has them by the palette it seems.
         | 
         | https://marshield.com/borated-polyethylene-neutron-shielding
         | 
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S01685...
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | itronitron wrote:
       | previous related discussion >>
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26188649
        
       | ambentzen wrote:
       | Ars has an excellent article about the paper:
       | https://arstechnica.com/science/2021/02/study-blames-earths-...
        
         | ComputerGuru wrote:
         | Much better read, thank you.
        
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