[HN Gopher] When Bitcoin miners take over a town
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       When Bitcoin miners take over a town
        
       Author : edward
       Score  : 139 points
       Date   : 2021-02-21 14:35 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.politico.eu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.politico.eu)
        
       | seibelj wrote:
       | Even if the electricity argument succeeds in harming bitcoin,
       | luckily there are many Proof of Stake coins such as Polkadot and
       | (soon) Ethereum that will use a fraction of the electricity. So
       | no-coiners will have to use a different argument. They have
       | definitely started pushing this one hard even though IMO it's
       | disingenuous given most BTC is mined through carbon-neutral
       | sources like hydro and geothermal.
        
         | bob33212 wrote:
         | It is really interesting to see the crypto topic become so
         | polarized. Either you think it is this amazing revolution that
         | will be the future or you are a "No-Coiner" and you are against
         | crypto.
         | 
         | During the DOT COM bubble things were not this divided. There
         | were certainly plenty of people pointing out that giving a
         | company 100M just because they own a domain name may not end
         | well, but it wasn't this heated.
         | 
         | I assume this is because of social media. A lot more people
         | have voices to point out flaws in the other side's arguments
         | and then everyone gets echo chambered into one of two sides
         | with the arguments that best support their side.
        
           | Igelau wrote:
           | Social media might be an amplifier, but the vehemence with
           | which proponents of crypto defend its legitimacy reminds me
           | of the people who defend MLMs. If you say "hey, isn't this a
           | pyramid scheme?" to folks who have managed to slip into a
           | profitable tier of the... well.. _pyramid_ , they immediately
           | lash out with circular claims like "obviously this isn't a
           | pyramid scheme, because those are illegal!"
           | 
           | So yeah, everyone defending crypto is trying to bootstrap the
           | illusion of its value as anything while simultaneously trying
           | to un-map it from comparisons to recognizable scams. They
           | have more dollars than they should tied to both of these
           | dreams.
        
             | bob33212 wrote:
             | This is what I'm talking about. You are assuming the worst
             | intentions or at least singling out the worst actors.
             | 
             | Because of this polarization I'm having a really hard time
             | gauging how many people are actually scammers vs the type
             | of person who really thought in 1999 that shoes.com would
             | have a monopoly on shoe sales in the future.
        
               | Igelau wrote:
               | > You are assuming the worst intentions
               | 
               | I'm not assuming anyone's intentions.
               | 
               | > singling out the worst actors
               | 
               | I might be doing this unknowingly. I only have my own
               | perceptions to draw on. Those perceptions, as you rightly
               | observe, may be distorted by what bubbles up out of
               | social media and HN commentaries.
        
         | eecc wrote:
         | It's not carbon-neutral as long as it interferes with
         | renewables displacing carbon. I'm totally fine and will jump in
         | crypto with both feet the day it stops pissing so much energy
         | in the wind
        
       | arbuge wrote:
       | A lot has been said about fossil fuel producers not bearing the
       | full costs of the externalities of the products they produce.
       | 
       | I think the same now has to be said of cryptocurrency mining. Is
       | this activity, and the vast amount of energy and resources it
       | consumes, really something which is a net positive for society?
        
         | user-the-name wrote:
         | Even if you disregard the massive ecological harm it does,
         | bitcoin is still a big negative for society, due to the immense
         | amount of crime it enables - ransomware, money laundering,
         | scams and fraud.
        
           | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
           | I guess by your logic the US dollar USD is also a big
           | negative for society then.
        
       | mtnGoat wrote:
       | That's my town! And it's actually totally unnoticeable, 98% of
       | people in town have no idea.
       | 
       | The real only effect it had on most citizens were the fires that
       | got started at a few mines, from electrical overloads. Now it's a
       | big pain if you want a large load of power, which makes starting
       | a high power demand business a lot harder around here.
       | 
       | We also have a ton of indoor pot farms, this is the best place in
       | the country to grow indoors because power is so cheap.
       | 
       | Since article was written a Diamond foundry opened up, pretty
       | cool use of tons of power, and just about as useless as Bitcoin.
       | 
       | Edit:spelling
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | > That's my town! And it's actually totally unnoticeable, 98%
         | of people in town have no idea.
         | 
         | Do you mean that the journalist over-exaggerated the story in a
         | very heated topic to get eyeballs. I'm, for one, very
         | surprised. /s
        
         | schmuelio wrote:
         | Diamonds aren't quite as useless as bitcoin currently. Bitcoin
         | - as far as I'm aware - is currently mostly used for
         | speculation. Whereas diamonds are very useful in many
         | industrial processes which require hard materials (think
         | cutting/grinding tools).
         | 
         | One could argue that diamonds are considerably more useful than
         | bitcoin, most of the world's diamond consumption is for
         | industrial use rather than jewelry.
        
       | calabroa wrote:
       | Side note - we've done a lot of work in Wenatchee on their
       | conversion to electric transit buses, which also benefit from the
       | low cost electricity from hydro. Great little town
        
         | m00dy wrote:
         | Hi Calabroa,
         | 
         | I would like to ask a couple of questions related to the work
         | done in Wenatchee. I couldn't get your contact info in your
         | profile. Would you send me an email to eren@countingcarbons.co
         | ?
         | 
         | thanks
        
       | lxeiqr wrote:
       | In my opinion, Bitcoin's Proof of Work is the biggest downside of
       | that cryptocurrency (mostly due to extreme power consumption of
       | the network). Moreover, the conservative approach of its
       | developers to new concepts means that it's quite unlikely that
       | the situation is going to change in coming months or years.
       | Regardless, I wonder whether there are alternatives that could
       | significantly reduce power usage of the whole network without
       | making it more susceptible to various attacks. I've heard of
       | Proof of Stake (Ethereum is planning to switch to it) or
       | alternative PoW algorithms (such as Monero's RandomX), but I'm
       | not experienced enough to tell how would these solutions scale
       | for a cryptocurrency as big as Bitcoin today is.
        
         | qertoip wrote:
         | Precisely the opposite, Sir.
         | 
         | Employing PoW to protect against Sybil attack in anonymous
         | network is the very invention that made Bitcoin possible.
         | 
         | Without PoW you must ID participants, which makes system
         | trivial to regulate or shutdown (see Facebook Libra, or
         | security fraud case against Ripple). And no, PoS isn't the
         | answer, because PoS implies a handful of biggest exchanges
         | control the coin, because they genuinly stake the most.
         | 
         | If Bitcoin was PoS, Mt Gox would run Bitcoin to this day!
        
           | ralusek wrote:
           | Proof of Work and Proof of Stake are not too different in
           | terms of what it would take in order to control the network.
           | Stake and access to computing power are both just functions
           | of being able to assemble sufficient resources so as to
           | represent a sizable enough portion of control.
        
         | ralusek wrote:
         | What's interesting is that all of the magic of crypto comes
         | from:
         | 
         | - Signed transactions being broadcast onto a p2p network
         | 
         | - This network being visible to anyone who is interested
         | 
         | The much less important part of crypto is exactly how the
         | shared ledger is assembled. So long as these transactions are
         | put together in a relatively timely manner, and no transactions
         | are being willfully excluded, whatever mechanism used for
         | assembling the ledger doesn't really matter that much. Proof of
         | work is literally just a time-gated lottery for some entity to
         | be the one that gets to say "I am submitting the next update to
         | the ledger." They're not providing any service to the network
         | that a single shitty chromebook couldn't provide on its own,
         | the time-gated proof of work is literally just to arrive at a
         | consensus. There are so many alternatives that make more sense
         | than this.
        
           | qertoip wrote:
           | > The much less important part of crypto is exactly how the
           | shared ledger is assembled
           | 
           | No! It is of *critical* importance how the shared ledger is
           | assembled, because Bitcoin's threat model assumes the World's
           | governments descending upon the shit, eventually!
        
             | ralusek wrote:
             | The part of critical importance is ECDSA (or any
             | public/private key DSA), and p2p networks. With that
             | technology alone, you have the basis for a functional
             | decentralized currency.
             | 
             | The blockchain assembly with proof of work, while an
             | interesting and very creative solution, is just one of a
             | multitude of ways you can arrive at a consensus.
        
       | tromp wrote:
       | Spot the error in this sentence:
       | 
       | "By the end of 2018, according to some estimates, miners here
       | could account for anywhere from 15 to 30 percent of all bitcoin
       | mining in the world, and impressive shares of other
       | cryptocurrencies, such as Ethereum and Ripple. "
        
       | mgberlin wrote:
       | On the one hand, we have the biggest crisis to ever face
       | humanity, where all of our lives literally hang in the balance
       | and daily we're seeing the effects from wildfires to cold blasts.
       | 
       | On the other hand we have bitcoin.
        
         | Krasnol wrote:
         | On the one hand, we have the biggest crisis to ever face
         | humanity, where all of our lives literally hang in the balance
         | and daily we're seeing the effects from wildfires to cold
         | blasts.
         | 
         | On the other hand I ate a delicious burger.
         | 
         | What's your point?
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Haha no. _You_ have the biggest crisis. _You_ have a problem
         | with wildfires. _You_ have a problem with cold snaps.
         | 
         |  _I_ have Bitcoin.
         | 
         | Yeah, I'm not particularly helping with your problem but you
         | never really helped with mine so it's all good.
        
           | SubiculumCode wrote:
           | what , you live on another planet?
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | No, but I have ways to survive all this. Even climate
             | change will only lead to some billion deaths at worst. One
             | in seven chance? Not a big deal for me. I'll take it.
        
               | SubiculumCode wrote:
               | Generally this attitude, if actually held, would be
               | described as psychopathic.
               | 
               | And if you think that your quality of life would be the
               | same, even if you survive, then you are blind to the
               | violence that must surely come when the world goes to
               | hell.
               | 
               | When that many people die from starvation and
               | dislocation, you better believe that the pitchforks will
               | come out, and no one will give a damn if you are a BTC
               | lord, you'll be left in a latrine by roving mobs who out-
               | number you 100000 to 1.
        
               | KYjjDNtKBDe8wrj wrote:
               | I thought this was a joke, but you sounded like someone I
               | know, so I went digging through your history. And sure
               | enough... I particularly liked this bit: "In fact, people
               | quite like me." Hah. It's a small World, Rene. Remember
               | that. Not just because of the bullshit you attach to your
               | name online, but also the bubble you think you can
               | maintain around you in real life.
        
         | elliotpage wrote:
         | Well, one of those is more fun to endlessly ramble about on
         | Reddit so of course Bitcoin will get the attention!
        
         | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
         | Let's face it, when it comes down to it humanity, on the whole,
         | will always choose to burn the world for a quick buck.
        
       | rpiguyshy wrote:
       | "you could buy electricity for around 2.5 cents per kilowatt."
       | this is a typo. they meant 2.5 cents per kilowatt hour.
       | 
       | i think its really interesting that elon musk has changed his
       | public stance on bitcoin. originally, and for a long time, he
       | described bitcoin as an alternative to cash but not an
       | alternative to centralized banking because the primary purpose of
       | money is to act as a database or tool for resource allocation. i
       | had never thought of it that way and it intrigued me. overall he
       | was basically dismissive of crypto. but then recently he has
       | endorsed bitcoin, offered to buy out dogecoin investors and other
       | things. and he hasnt elaborated on why he turned around, and joe
       | rogan was too stupid to ask him when he came on the podcast
       | recently.
        
         | jrv wrote:
         | He commented a bit more here:
         | https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1362600676174557186?s=19
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | This should be labeled 2018
       | 
       | The North American crypto mining landscape and trade has evolved
       | alot since this article, it is the most robust in the world as
       | the hardware shifts from location to location to prevent becoming
       | waste
        
       | moralsupply wrote:
       | Bitcoin is mostly mined using excess energy, or "cheap" energy,
       | which improves the efficiency and costs of energy production,
       | making it surprisingly "green".
       | 
       | Bitcoin requires less energy on a per-store-of-value basis than
       | Gold and Silver.
       | 
       | Bitcoin requires less energy on a per-store-of-value basis than
       | credit cards and the banking system in general.
       | 
       | Yet Bitcoin is frowned upon by environmentalists, as if Bitcoin
       | was a company and they could use political power to shut it down.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | Yeah people harp on and on about the amount of energy instead
         | of the source of energy
         | 
         | turns out those entire countries in their favorite analogy also
         | use a smaller amount of energy than many industries
         | 
         | the source is more important either way
        
         | texasbigdata wrote:
         | I'm a beginner but is your energy comment in perpetuity or at
         | current point? Specially in 2734 or whatever due to the
         | verification of Bitcoin transactions each requiring energy, as
         | long as the transaction cost of non-Bitcoin was lower than
         | Bitcoin in the long run (maybe the "you're long dead" long run
         | run) wouldn't coin use more energy? Sorry for n00b question
        
         | dtech wrote:
         | Bitcoin is not even close to a replacement of banking and
         | debit/credit cards. If bitcoin fulfilled those roles, it would
         | use a lot more energy than the current system because of how
         | energy-intensive transactions are due to the required mining.
        
           | xur17 wrote:
           | I keep hearing this repeated in threads about Bitcoin, and
           | it's just flat out wrong. Bitcoin's energy usage does not
           | scale based on the number of transactions. Its energy usage
           | scales based upon the value of the block reward and the
           | efficiency of mining operations.
        
             | lalaland1125 wrote:
             | It's not wrong. Bitcoin's energy usage does scale based on
             | usage; it scales based on the value of money flowing
             | through the system (in order to secure a certain
             | transaction volume, you need electricity usage that
             | corresponds to the value of those transactions). In order
             | for Bitcoin to replace banks, it would have to consume an
             | incredible amount of electricity.
        
               | xur17 wrote:
               | That is simply not true. I don't think you understand how
               | Bitcoin works.
        
               | lalaland1125 wrote:
               | If the electricity usage falls below a certain fraction
               | of the value going through the network then double
               | spending attacks become a significant risk. Bitcoin only
               | works on the assumption that the electricity usage (and
               | hardware usage) is too high to make double spending
               | attacks feasible.
        
           | MrMan wrote:
           | If a bitcoin is functionally equivalent to a dollar you still
           | need the entire stack of the financial industry, bitcoin
           | doesn't in any way obviate finance
        
           | moralsupply wrote:
           | Bitcoin can't handle the amount of transactions the banking
           | system can handle at the moment.
           | 
           | For it to scale to that level it requires an L2 solution (eg.
           | Lightning), in which case energy consumption is not going to
           | increase.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | What's the argument for using L2 networks on top of Bitcoin
             | instead of simply using one of the other cryptocurrencies
             | that was designed from the start to handle transaction
             | volume?
             | 
             | Why do we need a separate currency for sending money around
             | anyway?
        
               | moralsupply wrote:
               | The argument is that Bitcoin work very well as a store of
               | value, and is proven (10+ years in operation with little-
               | to-no incidents, despite a huge amount of attempts to
               | attack the network). It doesn't need to be "perfect" in
               | every front.
               | 
               | L2 solutions still transact the same tokens as their L1
               | counterparts.
               | 
               | Other solutions may potentially be "better" technically,
               | but that doesn't mean they are proven in the long run,
               | and the on-ramp, corporate, etc. infrastructure is not in
               | place for them.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | > (10+ years in operation with little-to-no incidents,
               | despite a huge amount of attempts to attack the network).
               | 
               | Shame about all of those hundreds of millions of dollars
               | worth of Bitcoin that have been stolen. Come to think of
               | it, while I haven't crunched the statistics, it wouldn't
               | surprise me if your money were more likely to be stolen
               | if you kept it in Bitcoin than a boring bank account.
        
               | moralsupply wrote:
               | Is that because of the Bitcoin protocol or because people
               | are dumb and lost their coins?
        
             | MrMan wrote:
             | Why don't we use dollars
        
               | moralsupply wrote:
               | We do use dollars, the last time I checked...
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | Why would L2 solutions use less energy than current
             | banking, payment processing and transactions solutions? Or
             | with other services related be at least in same ballpark?
        
               | moralsupply wrote:
               | L2 doesn't require mining, only channels maintained with
               | relatively low processing capabilities
        
         | mgberlin wrote:
         | [citation needed]
         | 
         | But really, I'm interested in these arguments, please let me
         | know where I can learn more. Especially regarding the idea that
         | it uses less energy than the current banking system.
        
           | moralsupply wrote:
           | https://www.moneymetals.com/news/2018/01/25/gold-mining-
           | ener...
           | 
           | https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/tools/DataTre.
           | ..
           | 
           | Do your calculations
        
             | mgberlin wrote:
             | That's a completely ridiculous answer and makes it clear
             | you have no idea what you're talking about. 1) Gold has
             | nothing to do with banking transactions, I've lived my
             | whole life without ever touching a spec of gold. 2) Is
             | about the energy consumption of bank branches. My bank
             | doesn't even have branches. You're comparing apples to...
             | tires or something.
        
               | moralsupply wrote:
               | So your bank has no offices, no people, no nothing to
               | make it work?
               | 
               | Do you think that corporations don't require buildings,
               | computing resources, transportation, etc. to exist?
               | 
               | As for the link about gold, read my original comment.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | And you are willing and able to tot up those statistics
               | for the people who make Bitcoin miners and other machines
               | running nodes? And the buildings that house those, etc.?
               | As long as you are not, it's still an improper
               | comparison.
        
           | tonfa wrote:
           | > Especially regarding the idea that it uses less energy than
           | the current banking system.
           | 
           | I guess this one is pretty clear, OP was only comparing to
           | gold/silver (I have no idea how it compares in practice).
           | 
           | To be comparable to banking, bitcoin should probably first
           | reach the level where it can provide the same functionality
           | (payment, fractional banking, etc.). (And then prorated as
           | even if it were to provide the functionality, it would have
           | to scale by several orders of magnitude to replace banking)
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | It's pretty unlikely that the majority of energy consumed is
         | truly 'excess', it's just not how energy generation and
         | distribution works.
         | 
         | There can certainly be periods of time where it is excess, it's
         | just hard to believe it's typical for there to be zero
         | dispatchable sources operating on the grids supplying the
         | power.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | Realistically, miners aren't going to turn the equipment off
           | as long as the ROI is positive, however narrowly. When it the
           | ROI becomes too small to mine, they'll sell the equipment to
           | someone else who can run it cheaper.
           | 
           | The mining equipment is also diffusing into the hands of
           | people who don't pay their own energy bills. I'm part of an
           | IT forum where network admins are constantly sharing stories
           | about employees trying to hide mining equipment in the office
           | to use the free power and cooling for pure profit. Similar
           | situation in school dorms.
           | 
           | The idea of miners turning these things on only during rare
           | times of excess grid capacity is a myth. They're running 24/7
           | and they're consuming energy that would otherwise be sent to
           | the grid to offset fossil fuel consumption elsewhere.
        
         | PartiallyTyped wrote:
         | Could you provide some links for these:
         | 
         | > Bitcoin is mostly mined using excess energy, or "cheap"
         | energy, which improves the efficiency and costs of energy
         | production, making it surprisingly "green".
         | 
         | > Bitcoin requires less energy on a per-store-of-value basis
         | than Gold and Silver.
         | 
         | As for
         | 
         | > Bitcoin requires less energy on a per-store-of-value basis
         | than credit cards and the banking system in general.
         | 
         | Bitcoin supports at many orders of magnitude less transactions
         | on the ledger than the banking systems [1] and needs 10 minutes
         | to add a new block to the ledger [2] and ETH about 10-15
         | seconds[2]. In contrast, according to this [3], in 2019 there
         | were on average 100M visa transactions in the US alone, per
         | day, so around 5 orders of magnitude more transactions in just
         | the States, excluding MasterCard, paypal and every other
         | system.
         | 
         | Now, there are better alternatives, ETH uses proof of stake,
         | there are also papers on proof of space [4]. Personally I'd
         | like to move to something decentralised and away from the banks
         | as much as possible.
         | 
         | [1] https://charts.bitcoin.com/btc/chart/transactions-per-
         | block#...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/block-time-
         | cryptocurren...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.cardrates.com/advice/number-of-credit-card-
         | trans...
         | 
         | [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_space
        
           | pyrale wrote:
           | > ETH uses proof of stake
           | 
           | AFAIK they have pledged to move to proof of stake for quite
           | some time now, without delivering so far.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | The idea of cheap, "excess" energy that keeps Bitcoin mining
         | operations running 24/7 is a myth.
         | 
         | Bitcoin is, and always will be, additive on top of the world's
         | energy consumption. Every Terawatt of energy that goes into
         | Bitcoin is a Terawatt of energy that isn't being put into the
         | grid to send to homes or industries or other users. No one is
         | choosing to build power plants in the middle of nowhere without
         | a way to send that energy into the grid.
         | 
         | The grid is not perfectly efficient, but it's still better to
         | transfer that energy through the grid than to keep a coal plant
         | running somewhere else because Bitcoin is (hypothetically)
         | consuming the new renewable energy sources coming online.
         | 
         | The key is to remember that no one is waking up and wondering
         | if they should run their Bitcoin miner or charge their Tesla.
         | Both happen independently, and it's not hard to see that miners
         | run 24/7 regardless of energy demand fluctuations elsewhere.
         | 
         | This idea of unused, surplus energy that somehow can't be
         | connected to the grid is a myth perpetuated to whitewash the
         | absolutely massive (country-scale) energy consumption of
         | Bitcoin.
         | 
         | Not to mention, none of us can buy video cards right now
         | because they're all being consumed to mine other
         | cryptocurrencies. Discussion forums are full of people swapping
         | tips for mining with their GPUs to offset the cost.
         | 
         | There is no angle on this in which we can ignore the 120,000
         | Gigawatt energy consumption of Bitcoin and the additional
         | energy consumption of all the other crypto currencies popping
         | up in its wake.
         | 
         | Frankly, at this point it's depressing to see this trope
         | repeated so often on HN, where usually the users would have
         | enough intellectual curiosity and engineering sense to read up
         | on the basics of power transmission and marginal energy costs
         | before repeating such an obviously flawed argument. I'm afraid
         | everyone's personal financial investment in cryptocurrency is
         | clouding judgment on the topic when all of the facts are right
         | in front of us.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >Every Terawatt of energy that goes into Bitcoin is a
           | Terawatt of energy that isn't being put into the grid to send
           | to homes or industries or other users.
           | 
           | Not really. Electricity is tough to transport over distances
           | and interconnects are expensive and have limited capacity.
           | That's why new hampshire's retail cost for electricity is 17
           | cents/kWh[1] but quebec only pays 5.8 cent/kWh
           | 
           | [1] https://www.eia.gov/electricity/state/
           | 
           | [2] https://www.energyhub.org/electricity-prices/ (7.3C//kWh
           | converted to USD)
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Transmission costs are not the only reason why people in
             | different regions pay different prices for retail energy.
             | Retail prices include far more than the pure generation and
             | transmission costs. You can't use those numbers to assume
             | transmission is the primary driver of cost.
             | 
             | The actual cost of sending power across the grid is
             | relatively low.
             | 
             | The Wikipedia page on power transmission is a good place to
             | get an introduction:
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power_transmission
             | 
             | Specifically:
             | 
             | > The cost of high voltage electricity transmission (as
             | opposed to the costs of electric power distribution) is
             | comparatively low, compared to all other costs arising in a
             | consumer's electricity bill. In the UK, transmission costs
             | are about 0.2 p per kWh compared to a delivered domestic
             | price of around 10 p per kWh.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | > Transmission costs are not the only reason why people
               | in different regions pay different prices for retail
               | energy. Retail prices include far more than the pure
               | generation and transmission costs. You can't use those
               | numbers to assume transmission is the primary driver of
               | cost.
               | 
               | You're right, although an alternate source shows that the
               | same difference exists for residential to large power
               | (50,000 kW+) customers. Presumably for large power
               | customers the cost of electricity becomes a bigger factor
               | compared to other expenses.
               | 
               | https://www.hydroquebec.com/data/documents-
               | donnees/pdf/compa...
               | 
               | >> The cost of high voltage electricity transmission (as
               | opposed to the costs of electric power distribution) is
               | comparatively low, compared to all other costs arising in
               | a consumer's electricity bill. In the UK, transmission
               | costs are about 0.2 p per kWh compared to a delivered
               | domestic price of around 10 p per kWh.
               | 
               | There's selection bias going on here. Power is expensive
               | to transmit over long distances, so power authorities opt
               | to build local power plants, so that the expensive long
               | transmission lines aren't built and therefore aren't
               | being factored in.
        
             | _Microft wrote:
             | China manages to transfer 10+GW of power over 3000km with
             | losses of ~3%/1000km just fine. [0]
             | 
             | It is the infrastructure we are going to need anyways to
             | geographically balance varying supply and demand with
             | increasing amounts of (intermittent) renewable energy on
             | the grid.
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-
             | voltage_direct_current
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | > China manages to transfer 10+GW of power over 3000km
               | with losses of ~3%/1000km just fine. [0]
               | 
               | Against how much power usage? California has 10GW[1] of
               | north/south transmission capacity against 80GW[2] of
               | installed capacity.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26187166
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_California
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | The bottom line is that their transmission lines were
               | built in conjunction with power plants.
               | 
               | They weren't building power plants in the middle of
               | nowhere without any plan to get that energy back into the
               | grid, to where it needs to be. There wasn't an excess of
               | power plants sitting idle with no way to send their power
               | into the grid until Bitcoin came along to consume it.
               | 
               | Mining is, however, negating any potential environmental
               | offset of those plants by consuming the energy before it
               | can be sent to other locations that are still dependent
               | on fossil fuels.
        
       | geogra4 wrote:
       | The newer proof of stake coins solve this in a much more sane
       | way. Proof of work is going to kill the planet
        
       | marshmallow_12 wrote:
       | the issue with btc is that it lacks any stabilising element.
       | Mainstream services invests in other products as well. This means
       | that even if their product fails, the entirety of their energy
       | investment wont be lost. The flipside is that if btc turns out to
       | be a success (i'm not saying it's even possible), it should be
       | more efficient at being a currency.
        
       | burlesona wrote:
       | Title should say (2018).
       | 
       | Good article, especially for my extended family who live in that
       | part of WA and have been wondering what this is all about.
       | 
       | Does anyone know if this is still holding up? I would assume that
       | minors are currently cashing in given the price has increased so
       | much very recently, so new mines are only just now coming online.
       | On the other hand we should be due for an explosion of mining
       | difficulty.
       | 
       | I was talking about this with my wife just a few days ago
       | actually. I think that one of the base risks to bitcoin is that
       | as the power demand continues to skyrocket, nation states begin
       | to ban bitcoin mining, or more harshly regulate it to control
       | power demand. You could imagine mining shutting down in more and
       | more countries, until there's a "last man standing" somewhere
       | with almost all the mining activity, and hence a highly
       | centralized and highly vulnerable blockchain.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | Its more likely that more nation states vie for control of
         | bitcoin mining, causing more competition over the resource and
         | continual decentralization, much like how Iran has put a lot of
         | support into the industry so that they dont have to use the
         | sanctioned state-sponsored payment rails like SWIFT
         | 
         | As bitcoin mining is mostly using clean energy or a
         | sustainability solution for economic reasons, people should put
         | their energy on making sure it stays that way, because nation
         | states competing would be able to undermine the economics and
         | make mining an actual environmental disaster instead of the
         | imagined one people have assumed is happening
        
           | lalaland1125 wrote:
           | > As bitcoin mining is mostly using clean energy or a
           | sustainability solution
           | 
           | This is misleading and Bitcoin is currently an actual
           | environmental disaster. Electricity is fungible and Bitcoin
           | miners using green power sources are preventing the shutdown
           | of coal power plants that would have otherwise shut down.
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | > misleading
             | 
             | only because it's not a simple binary answer that people
             | wish for. its a long answer with variables that have to be
             | actively monitored. an annual dissertation really.
             | 
             | even your acknowledgement of bitcoin miners using green
             | power sources runs counter to detractor's worldview, and
             | forces people to need to understand it better than "huh
             | thats a lot of energy must be bad"
             | 
             | so now we're at "wait they _are_ green but now here is this
             | indirect other problem when the goal post moves because I
             | don 't like how the energy is being used and I presuppose
             | that energy is fungible"
             | 
             | okay, yeah sure we can move the goal post a lot further and
             | still show that its a working economic sustainability
             | solution which _can be improved_ when people direct their
             | mental energy in a more nuanced way. your position is not
             | to improve it, its to deflect towards there being no energy
             | use at all, and that will never get you anywhere as the
             | people that would actually have the authority to represent
             | your wishes would look at it and come to my conclusion
             | 
             | for example, not all the energy is fungible which is why it
             | is being used by miners, and that's only in some of the
             | variety cases, although a major case
        
               | lalaland1125 wrote:
               | You realize that the article is quite explicit that the
               | power being used here would otherwise be exported? The
               | prices of electricity in that town aren't cheap because
               | there is some non fungible surplus of power. They are
               | cheap because the local government sells the electricity
               | at below market rates due to political reasons.
               | 
               | > The combined output of the basin's five dams averages
               | around 3,000 megawatts, or enough for the population of
               | Los Angeles. Until fairly recently, perhaps 80 percent of
               | this massive output was exported via contracts that were
               | hugely advantageous for locals. Cryptocurrency mining has
               | been changing all that, to a degree that is only now
               | becoming clear.
               | 
               | The miners aren't consuming free or spare power: they are
               | directly using fungible electricity that would have
               | otherwise been exported and used to shut down coal power
               | plants.
               | 
               | This isn't some minor indirect problem, the article
               | literally points out that this is going on.
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | This is matches my point, although the energy that they
               | had tapped into was being exported where possible, the
               | local area doesnt even have substations to take advantage
               | of it all. Correct me if I'm wrong, but other parts of
               | the article are suggesting that 80% of what was harnessed
               | was being exported. Which means if the town is using 200
               | megawatts then another 800 megawatts was being used, and
               | another two gigawatts were not being used. Please
               | confirm.
               | 
               | Also we don't know whether Seattle or Los Angeles is
               | going to switch to coal, thats a problem you have to
               | address in those places.
               | 
               | My point is that as this keeps growing they need to
               | continually be addressed to make sure it doesnt start
               | using unclean energy. But a reality is that this is a
               | perfect example of miners using up to 2 gigawatts of
               | energy, which can absolutely be more than several
               | countries, but it all still being clean as it was not
               | previously being utilized. The article talks about
               | building new power stations and getting contracts for all
               | the power immediately, which means this is still an
               | ongoing process while the dam has been there for quite a
               | while. All that energy all this time just not having
               | enough demand to justify harnessing, till now.
        
               | lalaland1125 wrote:
               | > All that energy all this time just not having enough
               | demand to justify harnessing, till now.
               | 
               | There was demand for that power. The dams were always
               | running at full utilization. Most of that demand was
               | simply outside the local area and the electricity was
               | being exported. As stated by the article itself in the
               | quote I just gave you (80% of the 3000 megawatts were
               | exported). Those exports lead to reduced fossil fuel
               | usage elsewhere because they allow other people to shut
               | down fossil fuel plants. And the article directly states
               | that now exports are going to have to be reduced now that
               | miners are using that power. Which means in other parts
               | of the country they are going to have to spin up new
               | power plants (or extend the lifetime of fossil fuel
               | plants).
               | 
               | The reason why you got confused over the 200 megawatts
               | thing is because that's only one of three local utilities
               | drawing power from the dams. Presumably all three of
               | those added together consume ~600 megawatts, (20% of the
               | total power available).
        
       | underseacables wrote:
       | (2018). It would be interesting to see an updated version of this
       | article.
        
       | eecc wrote:
       | How about hooking up that excess energy to a federal grid and
       | make that growth both permanent and sustainable? What will happen
       | when BTC goes back into the dumpster for a couple years (if not
       | forever)?
       | 
       | All those tons of Carbon that could have been turned off had that
       | hydro replaced Coal should be laid at the feet of crypto and
       | fundie "anti-state" nutjobs
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | It's on the grid (the article discusses the power being sold
         | into California). Presumably the local miner operations are
         | able to pay the producing utilities more than grid buyers are
         | willing to pay.
        
           | eecc wrote:
           | Oh, umm. I admit to not having read so far into the
           | article... :(
        
           | mtnGoat wrote:
           | Where this article is about, Wenatchee, they were for the
           | longest time paying below wholesale, that is changing
           | rapidly.
           | 
           | It was even partially subsidized, the power company used to
           | cover the costs of upgraded utilities to your site, with no
           | contact in usage. then they realized these mines closed as
           | fast as they opened, it cost the local power company
           | millions. Nowadays if you want load, you gotta pay for
           | everything and it takes years to justify, explain and build.
           | Only new data center going in anytime soon will be a massive
           | MSFT DC.
        
       | bdcravens wrote:
       | How many towns were transformed when water was used to power new
       | factories during the Industrial Revolution? Detroit and the
       | automobile revolution? San Francisco in the Gold Rush? Houston in
       | the Oil Boom?
        
       | sega_sai wrote:
       | My take on this is the following. Everything we do as a society I
       | think should be from time to time evaluated from a point of view
       | of benefits for society/world and then depending on this
       | evaluation, the incentives should be updated to support things
       | that we consider useful, and to penalize things that we do not. A
       | few years ago Bitcoin didn't really register there, and it was
       | okay to disregard. Now with so much energy/efforts spent there,
       | one should ask oneselves, is it good allocation of resources? Is
       | it good that so much cheap electricity is used for mining
       | bitcoin? Can we think of a way of either taxing, or changing
       | incentives, so that society benefits from this. I don't know
       | what's the best way of changing the incentives, but it must be
       | done in my opinion.
        
         | bluecalm wrote:
         | Is BTC really more stupid way to burn resources than making
         | sports cars? F1 racing? Gold mining?
         | 
         | There are tons of things the society could do without and be
         | better off. Or maybe not, who decides? Surely it shouldn't be
         | majority as then we will approach Idiocracy level of
         | civilization in no time with Kayne designer flip-flops getting
         | a yay and NASA or a new semi-conductor start-up getting a may.
         | 
         | I think there are two problems with crypto currencies:
         | 
         | 1) Pollution and carbon emission is not taxed but should be.
         | 
         | 2) Regulators allowing the situation where magic token is the
         | only way to do certain kind of trades while competition faces
         | insurmountable mountain of regulation and requirements. If it
         | was possible to make fast money transfer system without hiring
         | the army of lawyers in every country you want to operate then
         | BTC would never gain any traction.
        
           | Closi wrote:
           | > If it was possible to make fast money transfer system
           | without hiring the army of lawyers in every country you want
           | to operate then BTC would never gain any traction.
           | 
           | I don't know where you get the idea that BTC is being used
           | primarily to transfer money fast between countries without
           | lawyers being involved, because as far as I can tell that's
           | mainly a hypothetical use case rather than one that happens
           | often in reality.
        
           | mnouquet wrote:
           | > Is BTC really more stupid way to burn resources than making
           | sports cars? F1 racing? Gold mining?
           | 
           | Or the entertainment industry as a whole, it's pointless.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | >Is BTC really more stupid way to burn resources than making
           | sports cars? F1 racing? Gold mining?
           | 
           | Considering the array of competing cryptocurrencies that
           | consume far less energy while providing more transactions per
           | second and additional features like smart contracts, yes it
           | is. For example. Ethereum has twice as many transactions per
           | second while consuming a third of the energy.
        
           | spaced-out wrote:
           | > Is BTC really more stupid way to burn resources than making
           | sports cars? F1 racing? Gold mining?
           | 
           | Even looking at the usage of graphics cards specifically, is
           | Bitcoin an objectively worse usage of those chips than
           | playing video games? Than running ML models at Facebook?
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | >is Bitcoin an objectively worse usage of those chips than
             | playing video games?
             | 
             | I have done a lot of activities in video games that would
             | require significant CO2 emissions in real life. Potentially
             | millions of tons. So yes, it's much better. There is also a
             | significant population of software developers that picked
             | up programming because of video games. Economic simulation
             | games can help you develop an intuition on how to run a
             | company and how they work without having to risk starting a
             | real company with the potential to fail and ruin you
             | financially.
             | 
             | Meanwhile the only worthy claim that Bitcoin has is that
             | it's a middleman for central bank money. Yes it probably
             | funded a lot of good economic activity, but it's the job of
             | the central bank and government to do that. If they didn't
             | fail then Bitcoin would have literally nothing to do.
        
               | mnouquet wrote:
               | > ... but it's the job of the central bank and government
               | to do that
               | 
               | says who ? the central band and governments ? The whole
               | point of crypto is to provide an alternative to arbitrary
               | decisions from unelected officials.
        
           | dgellow wrote:
           | Given that bitcoin would also work without a Proof of Work,
           | yes, it's a more stupid way to burn resources than pretty
           | much anything else. Bitcoin without the ridiculous amount of
           | energy consumption is possible, though I'm personally
           | doubtful that will happen.
           | 
           | As an example Cardano and Tezos are two blockchain based on
           | Proof of Stake, they both require a very low amount of energy
           | compared to bitcoin or ethereum (no mining rigs, a node can
           | run on a raspberry pi 4).
        
             | geogra4 wrote:
             | Proof of work needs to go to the gutter. It was a bad idea
             | to begin with. Proof of stake makes more sense and operates
             | like a bank deposit interest rate
        
               | jwblackwell wrote:
               | Can you elaborate more? It seems to be that a lot of very
               | smart people think the opposite and are investing huge
               | time and money in it
        
             | aeternum wrote:
             | The big problem with proof of stake is that it requires a
             | centralized root of trust.
             | 
             | Suppose for example that I takeover the Cardano website. I
             | could create my own root block and generate millions of
             | 'stakers'. Staking requires ownership but since it's my own
             | new chain, I can generate coins easily without expending
             | any real-world resources. As a new user, how could you
             | differentiate the 'real' Cardano chain from mine?
        
               | jwblackwell wrote:
               | Isn't this basically the case with github now? i.e all
               | the cryptos have their code public on github so if I
               | wanted to start mining, I'd have to go there to get the
               | code
        
         | thysultan wrote:
         | You tax industrial bitcoin miners that you can detect, country
         | A now has an advantage over you. You loose!
         | 
         | You actually haven't changed anything it has just moved to
         | another country that is probably using coal. You loose!
        
           | tomatotomato37 wrote:
           | You say that as if having an industry based around a
           | speculative asset that is more volatile than OTM stock
           | options sucking up a third of your countries energy resources
           | is actually an advantage in some way.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | You're making the mistaken assumption that people care about
           | whether Bitcoin is being mined. They only care about it not
           | being mined in their backyard because the low electricity
           | prices are just meant to be a subsidy to local residents. The
           | electricity is being exported to a different location for a
           | fat profit. If that other location is mining Bitcoin you're
           | just giving the local residents more money. It's a pure net
           | loss for Bitcoin miners.
        
           | guenthert wrote:
           | By that logic we should legalize slavery.
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | > My take on this is the following. Everything we do as a
         | society I think should be from time to time evaluated from a
         | point of view of benefits for society/world and then depending
         | on this evaluation, the incentives should be updated to support
         | things that we consider useful, and to penalize things that we
         | do not.
         | 
         | Who is "we" and why to "we" get to decide instead of "they"?
         | This approach to governing only sounds good when you're not in
         | the sights of those with the legislative pen.
         | 
         | In Iran, "we" (the government) have decided that "they" (gay
         | people) should not be able to live openly gay.
        
           | sega_sai wrote:
           | I am not an anarchist or libertarian, so I believe in
           | democratic governements. And I do believe it's their job to
           | establish rules/regulations/laws that benefits society as a
           | whole. Obviously and important point is the government must
           | be democratically elected, to be able to control/revert
           | things if the governement screws up.
        
             | solosoyokaze wrote:
             | So do you admit that to an anarchist or libertarian that
             | Bitcoin _does_ have value? The US military is the #1 user
             | of energy on the planet. I definitely consider them a net
             | negative to humanity, yet they 're what's propping up the
             | same neo-liberal democracy you think should be establishing
             | the rules. Is that an acceptable use of energy to you?
             | 
             | I think Bitcoin is an excellent use of energy because it's
             | at least a potential alternative to our current
             | governmental systems. A small piece of the puzzle but a
             | prerequisite to change none the less.
        
         | insert_coin wrote:
         | You'll be chasing your tail forever.
         | 
         | The problem with bitcoin, or the issue to be more honest
         | because it is not really a problem, is that right now there is
         | no "better" use for that electricity than bitcoin. That is the
         | truth you must grapple with. Or as Google would say, the best
         | option for the collection of arguably the most brilliant minds
         | that have ever walked this planet is to work for Google, trying
         | to get people to click more on ads. That _that_ is true, that
         | is your problem and everything else is noise. If you really
         | want an environmental problem to tackle go fight the oil
         | industry killing thousands of animals every day, destroying
         | communities every day, destroying them literally.
         | 
         | But, if you insist you must "fix" something about the current
         | crypto boom because somehow they do not adhere to your morality
         | then you should look at everything else but bitcoin and ask
         | yourself, _why is the thing I consider moral not attractive to
         | the market?, what can we do differently to make doing something
         | else at least as profitable as mining bitcoin?_ If you just tax
         | it or try to ban it they 'll just move and you'll be a)poorer
         | and b)left without a say.
        
           | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
           | >right now there is no "better" use for that electricity than
           | bitcoin.
           | 
           | I don't have a good use for rocks. That doesn't mean I should
           | throw them at cars from an overpass.
        
           | yarcob wrote:
           | > If you just tax it or try to ban it they'll just move
           | 
           | Which is exactly what the locals would want, is it not? I
           | mean, if I live in a place with cheap power, I don't want
           | some outsider to come, take advantantage of that fact, and
           | use so much power until the prices approach average power
           | prices.
           | 
           | Hydroelectric plants usually require flooding huge areas of
           | beautiful nature. People accept that because it's better than
           | burning coal. But if people are just going to use it for
           | something that doesn't help the local community at all, why
           | bother destroying the local scenery?
           | 
           | There's more to the economy than just money; local
           | governments often subsidize local companies if they think
           | it's good for the locals even if it would be more profitable
           | to move production overseas.
           | 
           | We don't need to find a way to make the "moral" thing more
           | profitable. We can just make laws that prohibit the "amoral"
           | thing. If we would let the market decide everything, why
           | bother electing a government in the first place?
        
             | temp8964 wrote:
             | > if I live in a place with cheap power, I don't want some
             | outsider to come, take advantantage of that fact, and use
             | so much power until the prices approach average power
             | prices.
             | 
             | There is no way someone use so much power until the prices
             | approach average power prices, without making other
             | changes. Maybe they offer lots of job positions? Maybe they
             | pay lots of local Taxes?
             | 
             | Yes. Money is not everything, but good people can use those
             | money to do "moral" things.
        
             | vinger wrote:
             | Groups of new people moving the local area is exactly what
             | you hope your cheap electrical prices will bring. They
             | create some jobs or support local store,increase real
             | estate values, attract more supporting businesses.
             | 
             | The not in my backyard crowd are common in San Franisco but
             | everywhere else welcoming new people raises all boats.
        
           | andrewzah wrote:
           | " If you really want an environmental problem to tackle go
           | fight the oil industry killing thousands of animals every
           | day, destroying communities every day, destroying them
           | literally."
           | 
           | It's not one or the other. I'm critical of Bitcoin just like
           | I'm critical of other things affecting the environment.
           | 
           | "If you just tax it or try to ban it they'll just move"
           | 
           | Good. Let them move. Not everything is about acquiring as
           | much money as physically possible. Getting more money out of
           | people is not a tenable argument for whether something is
           | appropriate or not.
           | 
           | Markets are wildly inefficient and do not account for
           | everything. The areas that had low electricity prices were
           | doing just fine for themselves before Bitcoin miners moved
           | in, and will do just fine afterwards. Saying we should allow
           | things because "money" is just sickening. At least come up
           | with a better argument.
        
             | insert_coin wrote:
             | Well then, that it sickens you is such a better argument
             | isn't it not? You should've told us earlier!
             | 
             | Look, we can admit the reality of the world we live in or
             | we can pretend, but only if we admit the real world _to
             | ourselves_ we can even begin to contemplate finding some
             | kind of solution to our problems. Trying to ban everything
             | you don 't like is what is really sickening because
             | newsflash, people can think for themselves and don't need
             | you to decide what's moral for them.
             | 
             | Money is important in society, deal with it. Money is
             | useful in society, deal with it. Money, for better or
             | worse, arguably controls society. Deal with it.
        
               | andrewzah wrote:
               | Living in reality is different than justifying it. Saying
               | that Bitcoin miners using up electricity means there was
               | no better use is not derived from reality- that's your
               | own personal viewpoint.
               | 
               | I don't need to make any argument as I'm not the one
               | presenting anything here. All I'm saying is that "money
               | is good, therefore actions that net money are good", is a
               | terrible argument and we can do better than that.
        
             | vinger wrote:
             | I see them aligning with the locals and saying perhaps you
             | should move out if you protest too much.
        
           | purple_ferret wrote:
           | >is that right now there is no "better" use for that
           | electricity than bitcoin.
           | 
           | You can't abstract away the fuel for energy production. I'm
           | sure bitcoin miners would be fine with mining every last bit
           | of coal on the planet and using it to run their rigs if they
           | can do it cheaply (which they probably can as coal prices
           | drop and renewables ramp up)
           | 
           | Majority of bitcoin mining is run on fossil fuel power.[0]
           | 
           | A better 'use' is keeping it in the ground.
           | 
           | Here's a byproduct of bitcoin mining, basically throwing a
           | lifeline to dying coal plant: "Bitcoin miner Marathon signs
           | for coal-fired electricity in Montana"[1]
           | 
           | [0]https://decrypt.co/43848/why-bitcoin-miners-dont-use-more-
           | re...
           | 
           | [1]https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/bitcoin-miner-
           | mar...
        
           | paulgb wrote:
           | > Why is the thing I consider moral not attractive to the
           | market
           | 
           | Because markets are notoriously unable to price in
           | externalities on their own.
           | 
           | I realize there is a temptation here to throw up your hands
           | and say "well, all human activity emits carbon", especially
           | if you are long bitcoin, but it's a false equivalency.
           | Bitcoin is an energy consumption monster by design, and its
           | difficulty adjustment mechanism neutralizes any attempt at
           | making mining more efficient.
        
             | WanderPanda wrote:
             | Also its limited market cap and halving schedule will
             | probably eventually phase out the energy consumption.
             | Provided people are not willing to pay hundreds or
             | thousands of (current day) dollars for transactions.
             | 
             | Edit: And if they are willing to pay that much that should
             | be a clear sign of the value provided by the network
             | 
             | Edit2: And wether this will also phase out Bitcoins
             | security model will be very interesting to observe across
             | the next 10-20 years (depending on when btc will hit its
             | market cap threshold in real terms)
        
           | WanderPanda wrote:
           | Awesome response! I love that @ HN for every shortsighted
           | person there is a longsighted one providing a non-mainstream
           | view. What ratio do we have on other platforms or even in
           | real life? 1 to 100?
        
             | andrewzah wrote:
             | Sorry, but the above argument is really a poor one.
             | 
             | Just because there's "no better" use for that electricity
             | (which I disagree), does not justify using it up on bitcoin
             | mining. This is like saying it's morally permissible to do
             | A because if you don't, someone else will.
             | 
             | Not to mention conflating "the best use of X people's time"
             | with "who is giving out the best compensation in a society
             | where we need money".
             | 
             | The mainstream view -is- positive of Bitcoin. Very few
             | people are actually concerned with the environmental
             | impact.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | > The mainstream view -is- positive of Bitcoin. Very few
               | people are actually concerned with the environmental
               | impact.
               | 
               | You should ask yourself why that is. I think it's because
               | Bitcoin _is_ providing value to people. It has an
               | extremely low barrier to entry. You don 't need good
               | credit to use it. You don't need to go to a bank. You
               | don't need an id.
               | 
               | I don't think most people are actively using it yet, but
               | they see the democratic nature of the "interface" to the
               | crypto system and recognize that the power is shifted in
               | their favor a bit more than the established monetary
               | system. They know this because they've been abused by
               | that system their entire lives.
               | 
               | I find a lot of upper middle class people struggle to see
               | the value in Bitcoin because they can't empathize with
               | people who can't use traditional banking.
        
               | andrewzah wrote:
               | Appealing to popularity fallacy.
               | 
               | For anyone in the US you do need an ID to use Bitcoin in
               | any practical manner. Exchanges require it. Avoiding this
               | requires jumping through multiple hoops, especially if
               | you want to convert to cash.
               | 
               | People don't think about the environmental consequences
               | because most people don't think about that anyways. We're
               | also on HN, where software companies use or rent
               | computational power with zero regard to the environmental
               | impact. And for Bitcoin owners it's specifically in their
               | financial interest not to think about how Bitcoin miners
               | are using more electricity than actual countries.
               | 
               | All of that said, Bitcoin is a failed experiment. People
               | aren't using it as an actual currency, they're hoarding
               | it. Partly because of the model and mostly because trying
               | to actually spend Bitcoin sucks badly.
               | 
               | Bitcoin is going to be replaced by a cryptocurrency
               | that's actually usable and competitive with existing
               | payment networks. And hopefully one that doesn't use such
               | an electricity intensive model.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | You can't just call use-cases you don't like a "fallacy".
               | Like I said, the tech is still early, but there are
               | decentralized exchanges where you don't need an ID to use
               | them.
               | 
               | > People don't think about the environmental consequences
               | because most people don't think about that anyways.
               | 
               | They don't think about that because:
               | 
               | A. They're not the cause of the environmental damage
               | (check with the military and large industry there).
               | 
               | B. They're concerned about paying rent, buying food...
               | 
               | Money is at top of mind for most people.
               | 
               | > All of that said, Bitcoin is a failed experiment.
               | 
               | If this is failure to you, I hope Bitcoin keeps failing!
               | By any metric you look at it, Bitcoin is reaching all
               | time highs with exponential growth.
        
           | soheil wrote:
           | We're willing to concede that the best minds of our
           | generation should be in the business of manipulating others
           | to click on ads, but god forbid if some try to liberate us
           | from total control and tyranny placed on civilization.
           | 
           | This should be the top comment of this post.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | I'm quite flattered that you think[1] that I am one of the
             | best minds of our generation, but I would disagree with
             | your assessment of what the most difficult projects at
             | Google are.
             | 
             | [1] Mistakenly, in my self-assessment.
        
               | soheil wrote:
               | The most difficult projects at Google are tangential to
               | Google's raison d'etre, it exists to get people to click
               | on ads.
        
           | pavlov wrote:
           | _> "right now there is no "better" use for that electricity
           | than bitcoin."_
           | 
           | That's just not true. The higher the price of Bitcoin, the
           | more incentive there is for miners to outbid other energy
           | consumers.
        
             | soheil wrote:
             | Which is exactly what the OP's point is, ie
             | if the price of Bitcoin is high enough == there is no
             | better use than to mine Bitcoin
        
               | guenthert wrote:
               | Say profitable if you mean that, not "better".
        
               | soheil wrote:
               | ...better use for electricity
        
               | ori_b wrote:
               | Shuttering -- or not even building -- unnecessary power
               | plants is a better use of electricity.
        
             | insert_coin wrote:
             | Which is what I said, that is my point. That everything
             | else is becoming so unattractive, that is the problem.
        
               | pavlov wrote:
               | Adding lead to gasoline was an attractive innovation, and
               | very profitable to oil companies.
               | 
               | It was also a known poison. Market forces alone don't
               | always solve these problems.
        
           | jfim wrote:
           | > is that right now there is no "better" use for that
           | electricity than bitcoin [...] the best option for the
           | collection of arguably the most brilliant minds that have
           | ever walked this planet is to work for Google, trying to get
           | people to click more on ads
           | 
           | That's more about the fact that it's not measured in terms of
           | dollars and shareholder return.
           | 
           | Would it be beneficial to have this electricity being used
           | for other things or have those engineers do other things than
           | optimize an ad click factory? Probably, we could use this
           | electricity to have cheaper power for lower income
           | households, or those engineers could work on improving other
           | things.
           | 
           | But the market doesn't necessarily pay for those things, and
           | if the system is geared towards optimizing for more dollars,
           | then the only one gets is more dollars with all the non-
           | priced externalities dumped onto the society at large.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Everything we do as a society I think should be from time to
         | time evaluated from a point of view of benefits for society
         | /world and then depending on this evaluation, the incentives
         | should be updated to support things that we consider useful,
         | and to penalize things that we do no_
         | 
         | This is vague to the point of meaninglessness. On one level, it
         | describes democracy and lawmaking. On another level, it
         | describes communist-style state control of economic factors.
        
         | SubiculumCode wrote:
         | bitcoin is now significantly contributing to an existential
         | threat. Its not alone of course...most things we do daily do
         | so. However, I wish it wasn't such useless work.
        
         | hombre_fatal wrote:
         | Show me a list of what you do in a day and I'll find
         | questionable, selfish uses of cheap energy that don't benefit
         | society. That's not a game you want to play.
         | 
         | People making noise about Bitcoin energy consumption seem to
         | have little idea how much energy anything else uses kinda like
         | how Americans only compare everything to Hitler because WW2 is
         | all we're really taught in school.
         | 
         | People suddenly act like they care about how others choose to
         | spend their energy when it comes to Bitcoin but not anything
         | else, like the incredible amount of land and energy it took to
         | bring that pound of meat to your table that you only eat
         | because it pleases your tastebuds. Or the tech gadgets you own.
         | 
         | Seems convenient to only turn on the ol careface when it's
         | something you don't happen to indulge in, yet it makes you
         | blind to the inconsistency of your position. There are a lot of
         | necks on the chopping block long before you get to Bitcoin
         | mining when you start bringing up the metrics that you think
         | damn Bitcoin mining, probably your entire way of life.
        
           | ZitchDog wrote:
           | Whataboutism at its finest. Current energy waste doesn't
           | justify future energy waste. Especially waste as avoidable as
           | PoW mining.
        
             | lifty wrote:
             | Folks, please stop with the 'whataboutism' argument. We are
             | debating the morality of energy usage so comparative
             | arguments are perfectly fine. You don't hear every day
             | articles about the huge nr of gaming PCs or gaming consoles
             | sucking energy, but you do hear about bitcoin. I have
             | absolutely no problem with taxing dirty energy or
             | disincentivizing high energy consumption but do it for
             | everything. It's hypocritical otherwise.
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | Do we not realize the massive incentives Bitcoin is providing
         | for energy production? If we could just agree to tax carbon
         | emissions (the thing most of the world agrees is bad), then we
         | should encourage this behavior as much as possible.
         | 
         | We're creating a wonderful scenario where miners would be
         | investing in as much cheap energy as possible. If their cost
         | gets to close to average, then they can just leave it to the
         | market.
        
           | ZitchDog wrote:
           | It would still increase energy costs for everyone.
        
           | p_l wrote:
           | Miners are interesting in extracting the cheap energy from
           | the market. There's literally no incentive for any of that
           | benefit to fall to anyone else, and in fact using up low-
           | carbon electricity for cryptocurrency PoW "mining" takes away
           | the benefits of the low-carbon investment from everyone else.
        
         | djoldman wrote:
         | Capitalism seems to be the best of the possible solutions to
         | the resource utilization problem.
         | 
         | Bitcoin seems to be just the latest in a long string of events
         | suggesting that humans are irrational, not necessarily that
         | capitalism or markets are bad.
         | 
         | If Bitcoin were processing a zillion transactions at a very
         | very low fee per transaction, I believe few people would be
         | saying it was a waste of resources.
        
         | collinexander wrote:
         | I do not understand this argument. The fact that bitcoin mining
         | is profitable inherently means that society has already deemed
         | it useful, no? Users would not pay for it if it were not
         | useful.
         | 
         | > Everything we do as a society I think should be from time to
         | time evaluated
         | 
         | Who should do this evaluation? If not users freely allocating
         | their own resources on the free market, then who?
         | 
         | > the incentives should be updated to support things that are
         | consider useful, and to penalize things that we do not.
         | 
         | Please define useful. Humans have different needs and value
         | things differently. What is useful to one may not be useful to
         | the other. Any system that picks winners will also pick losers.
        
           | ghgdynb1 wrote:
           | I'm truly shocked by the number of people who totally fail to
           | grok the economic logic behind a lot of the projects being
           | built on blockchain tech. Many dismiss such work as totally
           | worthless.
           | 
           | I suspect such dismissive types lack the combination of deep
           | technical ability and profound economic intuition that made
           | the Collison brothers wealthy. Or maybe it's just that they
           | don't care to think these things through. Like PG says in his
           | exploration of the aphorism "a word to the wise is
           | sufficient:" "Understanding all the implications -- even the
           | inconvenient implications -- of what someone tells you is a
           | subset of resourcefulness. It's conversational
           | resourcefulness."
           | 
           | http://www.paulgraham.com/word.html
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | >I'm truly shocked by the number of people who totally fail
             | to grok the economic logic behind a lot of the projects
             | being built on blockchain tech.
             | 
             | If you are so shocked then please explain why Bitcoin
             | miners refused to increase the transactions per block to a
             | level that is suitable for Bitcoin? It's literally a
             | configuration flag they have to change and the
             | environmentalists and people against power waste would be
             | happy and you could tell them to shut up. The people using
             | Bitcoin as money would also be happy. Everyone would be
             | happy except some puritans that insist on a specific block
             | size.
             | 
             | The reality is that no amount of economic intuition and
             | deep technical ability can explain this and it's not making
             | any neo "Collison brothers" types wealthy. It also isn't a
             | problem of not thinking things through. It's not a matter
             | of groking economic logic because there is literally no
             | economic argument in favor of restricting transactions per
             | block. It's worthless because everyone that wanted to use
             | Bitcoin for its intended purpose has already left and only
             | those who are in it for the bubbling behavior have stayed.
             | 
             | I will even admit that after understanding the long term
             | trend of Bitcoin (not the xth bubble that is currently
             | occuring) I would buy it, but again, only for speculation.
             | It's worthless, as a currency, precisely because its
             | deflationary, expensive and slow to transact, a tax
             | nightmare because of capital gains and the fact that nobody
             | accepts it.
             | 
             | So yes, it definitively is worthless. Just because some
             | tech dudes bet on price increases doesn't mean it isn't
             | worthless.
             | 
             | I'm more shocked by the number of people who fail to grok
             | the economic logic and still engage in correct behavior.
             | They make the mistake of equating the power consumption as
             | necessary to process a certain amount of transactions and
             | they are definitively wrong, however their judgment is
             | still right. Bitcoin wastes too much power for the little
             | value it provides. They don't have any right to be worthy
             | of your criticism but yet they do, if you listened to them
             | your crappy little currency would be better off and that's
             | why your argument is on very thin ice.
             | 
             | I have an absolute disdain for dishonesty. Own and admit
             | your mistakes instead of pretending that the other side is
             | wrong.
        
               | melolife wrote:
               | > If you are so shocked then please explain why Bitcoin
               | miners refused to increase the transactions per block to
               | a level that is suitable for Bitcoin?
               | 
               | I'm no Bitcoin maximalist, but this problem cannot be
               | solved by increasing storage requirements in a linear
               | fashion to accommodate more transactions, as then you are
               | trading one problem for another.
               | 
               | Case in point Bitcoin Cash which, (if actually used) with
               | a block size of 32MB could grow at 1.6 TB/year,
               | prohibiting most individuals from running a node.
               | 
               | There's also the problem analogous to road planning where
               | adding lanes does not decrease congestion, because the
               | level of congestion than exists represents what people
               | are willing to tolerate before giving up on driving.
               | 
               | That being said wrt your question there's also an element
               | of greed in that there's money to be made selling level 2
               | solutions, but it's not as clear cut as the big block
               | crowd would have it.
        
             | dmitriid wrote:
             | > I'm truly shocked by the number of people who totally
             | fail to grok the economic logic behind a lot of the
             | projects being built on blockchain tech.
             | 
             | Literally none of them have any logic behind them other
             | than "let's add blockchain at the end, and ask investors
             | for money".
             | 
             | > Many dismiss such work as totally worthless.
             | 
             | It is absolutely, 100% entirely worthless with no
             | exceptions.
             | 
             | > I suspect such dismissive types lack the combination of
             | deep technical ability and profound economic intuition that
             | made the Collison brothers wealthy.
             | 
             | Stripe actually does provide a useful, and a used service
             | with a well-defined and understood economic model.
             | 
             | > Understanding all the implications -- even the
             | inconvenient implications -- of what someone tells you is a
             | subset of resourcefulness. It's conversational
             | resourcefulness
             | 
             | Yes, And the implications of bitcoin are simple: it's a
             | useless wasteful technology that still hasn't found any
             | useful application, or an application that cannot be
             | achieved faster and more securely by other means.
        
           | arrosenberg wrote:
           | The fact that tulips are selling for 10x their prior year
           | price inherently means that society has decided tulips are
           | more valuable than gold. People wouldn't be investing their
           | life savings in tulip futures if they weren't a stable store
           | of wealth, right?
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | > I do not understand this argument. The fact that bitcoin
           | mining is profitable inherently means that society has
           | already deemed it useful, no? Users would not pay for it if
           | it were not useful.
           | 
           | Just because there is a market for something doesn't mean
           | that "society" as a whole has decided that it is useful.
           | There's an underground market on taking out hits on someone
           | else, that doesn't mean that "society" has decided that
           | murder is good.
           | 
           | > Who should do this evaluation? If not users freely
           | allocating their own resources on the free market, then who?
           | 
           | A public body that is democratically constrained.
           | 
           | > Please define useful.
           | 
           | Welfare enhancing for humanity. Sometimes, a welfare
           | enhancing step will involve losers and winners, you're right.
           | For instance, if one person held $200 billion and the rest of
           | humanity held $1, redistributing that money would almost
           | certainly be a welfare enhancing step given diminishing
           | marginal utility of the $.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | collinexander wrote:
             | Thanks for the reply, it helped me understand where you are
             | coming from.
             | 
             | For purposes of discussing bitcoin, it is a global good,
             | and environmental concerns are a global concern. If there
             | is a global market for bitcoin, then taxing bitcoin mining
             | (or other such measures) in one country would just
             | incentivize miners to move to another country. So any such
             | action as you describe would need to be coordinated on a
             | global level among several or all nations.
             | 
             | > There's an underground market on taking out hits on
             | someone else, that doesn't mean that "society" has decided
             | that murder is good.
             | 
             | Not sure if it is fair to compare bitcoin production to
             | murder. I agree that we need some sort of action for
             | climate change, but I am not sure regulating bitcoin is the
             | answer. We'd have to apply the same subject "utility"
             | measuring stick to _any_ activity that consumes electricity
             | and regulate that. Like others have suggested, maybe taxing
             | certain types of energy usage directly according to their
             | climate change impact would be more effective and would
             | apply evenly to all goods / services without deciding on
             | behalf of individuals what is useful and what is not.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > So any such action as you describe would need to be
               | coordinated on a global level among several or all
               | nations.
               | 
               | I was not the original person you were discussing with,
               | so I don't think a tax specifically on bitcoin mining
               | would be the best idea, but yes global problems require
               | global scale coordination often.
               | 
               | > Not sure if it is fair to compare bitcoin production to
               | murder.
               | 
               | My point is merely that the fact that a market exists for
               | something is not sufficient to show that "society" has
               | decided it is useful IMO.
               | 
               | > Like others have suggested, maybe taxing certain types
               | of energy usage directly according to their climate
               | change impact
               | 
               | Yeah, I was the one who commented that, so I definitely
               | agree
        
             | generalizations wrote:
             | We put far too much faith in centralized authorities to
             | arbitrate standards of morality. How sure are you that such
             | an authority will actually reflect the best interest of the
             | people, and not itself?
             | 
             | > There's an underground market on taking out hits on
             | someone else, that doesn't mean that "society" has decided
             | that murder is good.
             | 
             | That's a great cherry-picked example, but there are far
             | more examples of people freely purchasing what they deem to
             | be useful, and even more examples of useless things
             | disappearing because no one wanted them. Most failed
             | startups we cover here are probably an example of the
             | latter, and there's plenty of discussions of how to achieve
             | the former on hn, too.
             | 
             | > Welfare enhancing for humanity.
             | 
             | Who gets to determine this, except the members of humanity
             | themselves? Does some 'public body that is democratically
             | constrained' know what's best for each individual person
             | it's responsible for? Does it adhere to some ideology that
             | dictates the universal moral good, whether everyone else
             | likes it or not? How does a group of politicians living in
             | their own little bubble know what's best for Joe Plumber in
             | e.g. North Dakota?
             | 
             | What moral framework do you suggest that we inflict upon
             | all of humanity?
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > That's a great cherry-picked example
               | 
               | I consider it reasoning from the limit case - _obviously_
               | the existence of a market is not sufficient to prove that
               | society has decided it is good, as the counter-example of
               | the market in murder shows. Nothing more behind that
               | statement and I think that markets are often a powerful
               | tool.
               | 
               | > What moral framework do you suggest that we inflict
               | upon all of humanity?
               | 
               | You can't escape "inflicting" a moral stance on the
               | world. In the hypothetical world where the one has $200
               | billion and the remainder have $1, perhaps the government
               | is not "arbitrating standards of morality", but if they
               | make it illegal for the 7 billion to steal from the one
               | person who has $200 billion, they are taking an ethical
               | stance and "inflicting" it on the rest of the world.
               | 
               | We're a socially cooperative species - obviously we need
               | a way to govern the form of those interactions, even in
               | order to have a functioning market in things.
        
               | generalizations wrote:
               | > You can't escape "inflicting" a moral stance on the
               | world.
               | 
               | Only if you start from the assumption that such things as
               | bitcoin mining ought to be regulated in the first place.
               | You're right - we are a 'socially cooperative species',
               | and we're good at it. Leave us alone to cooperate and
               | don't invoke some government authority.
               | 
               | I'm arguing that involving a governmental authority to
               | arbitrate morality is a can of worms that really doesn't
               | need to be opened here.
               | 
               | > Nothing more behind that statement
               | 
               | Fair enough, I thought you meant to take that statement
               | farther than you did.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > You're right - we are a 'socially cooperative species',
               | and we're good at it. Leave us alone to cooperate and
               | don't invoke some government authority.
               | 
               | So it's cool if I go to someone and take their bitcoins
               | from them at gunpoint? Or start Mafia 2.0 and create my
               | own protection racket here in SF?
        
               | jcpham2 wrote:
               | Your crime, your time.
        
               | ub99 wrote:
               | I don't understand - it's like we have to repeat the same
               | mistake over and over again. What industries have
               | historically successfully self-regulated for the benefit
               | of the society at large? Regulations and government
               | involvement is why we don't live in a slave society with
               | a handful of militaristic barons.
        
               | jfk13 wrote:
               | > You're right - we are a 'socially cooperative species',
               | and we're good at it. Leave us alone to cooperate and
               | don't invoke some government authority.
               | 
               | Isn't "some government authority" exactly how we as a
               | species go about "socially cooperating" on a larger
               | scale?
        
           | iso1210 wrote:
           | > The fact that bitcoin mining is profitable inherently means
           | that society has already deemed it useful, no?
           | 
           | Not when that mining doesn't account for externalities
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | What if rather than taxing bitcoin, we just tax carbon usage?
        
           | thysultan wrote:
           | You tax carbon, country B now has an advantage over you. You
           | loose!
           | 
           | Now all your products are produced in country B, you've
           | changed nothing and country B is probably using coal so
           | you're worse off from your initial goal.
           | 
           | You loose double!
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | That's why a lot of carbon tax proposals also impose those
             | taxes on imports.
             | 
             | (Also, you mean to use 'lose' here, not 'loose'.)
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | > You tax carbon, country B now has an advantage over you.
             | You loose!
             | 
             | Tariff based on carbon expenditure.
             | 
             | It's pretty simple, this has been thought out - and it is
             | pretty clearly a welfare enhancing policy.
        
               | thysultan wrote:
               | Add Country C into the mix: It doesn't produce carbon but
               | doesn't have tariff's on Country B.
               | 
               | >It's pretty simple, this has been thought out
               | 
               | You and others alike have clearly not thought this out as
               | the scenario i have layered out is already happening with
               | other tariff-able commodities.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | Trade blocs and economic sanctions?
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | If it imports carbon from Country B then it uses carbon,
               | so treat it as such.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Why would it be country-based? Besides the obvious thing
               | that Country of Origin rules apply anyway.
        
               | undersuit wrote:
               | An argument could be made if we don't apply the Carbon
               | Tax to poor or third-world countries it will help them
               | develop faster... but those third-world countries
               | shouldn't be _shipping_ us resources in the first place!
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Why do people think "enforcement is impossible" is such a
               | strong argument against taxes?
               | 
               | If your argument is that tariffs don't disincentivize
               | behaviors because the government is just _that bad_ at
               | collecting taxes, you 're not really in step with
               | reality.
        
               | thysultan wrote:
               | But you can't enforce your taxes in other governments.
               | 
               | In fact other governments in a game theory like ploy to
               | get ahead of your country may agree to international
               | agreements that they know they can game to their
               | advantage.
               | 
               | The fundamental assumptions are wrong. You're not in this
               | together. All countries are in direct competition, and
               | some a more cut-throat than others. If potential disaster
               | B is coming irregardless, country B can position
               | themselves to come-out on top of country A when it does.
        
             | spaced-out wrote:
             | You add tariffs to country B's products to make up the
             | difference.
        
               | thysultan wrote:
               | country B sells to country C that does the final
               | packaging and then sells it to you.
               | 
               | This is happening right now if you haven't already
               | noticed.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | Country of origin rules still kick in that case. This is
               | tour de force for rules around tariffs, know you nothing
               | about how these work?
        
               | thysultan wrote:
               | If it worked it wouldn't be happening, the fact that it
               | is happening, and to well known country's proofs they
               | don't work and is profitable for country B and C for it
               | to continue to not work.
               | 
               | This not withstanding the obfuscation of country of
               | origin that can happen If country B and C really wanted
               | to work together.
        
               | spaced-out wrote:
               | You're describing someone evading the law, and your
               | argument boils down to: "if laws worked, people wouldn't
               | get away with breaking them."
               | 
               | We'll have to agree to disagree on that.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | jbay808 wrote:
             | This is why you sign up for an international treaty that
             | has teeth, ratify it, and back it up with penalties
             | including carbon tariffs.
        
               | thysultan wrote:
               | Name one international treaty that has ever had teeth
               | where the benefits of non-conformance out weight the
               | teeth.
               | 
               | Country B could tarrif country A in return and some
               | countries cannot afford the cost of what that may do to
               | them.
               | 
               | So you end up with an international treaty without
               | international conformance or a treaty with no real teeth
               | because the signee's have contributed to it what would
               | allow "them" to game the treaty.
        
               | jude- wrote:
               | Banning CFCs globally via the Montreal Protocol.
        
             | galangalalgol wrote:
             | Nations agreed on laws for ocean and air travel. Countries
             | that disobey them are ostracized or even subject to
             | violence. Nations could in theory do the same for polluting
             | the ocean and air. But that gets viewed as denying
             | developing countries the benefits developed countries had.
        
           | pyrale wrote:
           | While taxing carbon usage is a good idea, there is something
           | fundamentally wrong with the idea of allocating so much
           | resources, in servers, in power and in space, for what
           | essentially doesn't improve people's lives.
           | 
           | That this craze receives so much attention and funding while
           | we face very real existential challenges is maddening.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _there is something fundamentally wrong with the idea of
             | allocating so much resources, in servers, in power and in
             | space, for what essentially doesn 't improve people's
             | lives_
             | 
             | The track record of "for the people's good" juntas is poor.
             | When they aren't venally stripping the populace, they're
             | squashing any hint of innovative challenge to the
             | incumbency.
        
               | barneygale wrote:
               | Who suggested juntas?
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | I don't believe we have discussed before. Maybe
               | interpreting my words as a call for the establishment of
               | a junta isn't the best start in a constructive
               | discussion. Do you start like that with anyone interested
               | in ethics?
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | If the owners of the miners are actually able to turn their
             | coins into wealth that increases their lifestyle, then the
             | mining did improve someone's life. Just because it affects
             | a very small number of people isn't much different than
             | most other "traditional" financial products in exsistence.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | It is wealth redistribution, though, not wealth creation.
               | These people essentially take money from newcomers to the
               | btc ecosystem, but btcs themselves are not tied to any
               | tangible asset or value.
               | 
               | More importantly, creating new bitcoins is not tied to
               | the creation of new counterparts. Essentially, when
               | someone mines bitcoins, they are not involved in a
               | productive act.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > then the mining did improve someone's life
               | 
               | On net, was it welfare enhancing for our species though?
               | If I make $1 off of emissions that cause external harm
               | worth $2 distributed among the 7 billion people on this
               | planet, I'm basically just laundering money through a
               | loophole in what the law today considers to be harming
               | someone else.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | You just keep moving the goalposts by using the most
               | extreme argument you can muster.
               | 
               | To be honest the sports industry uses tons of energy in
               | lighting stadiums, streaming them, training players, it
               | goes on and on. Entertainment could be done much more
               | cheaply and effectively. I think society should outlaw
               | sport - so many people are hurt in injuries, and the
               | climate is just utterly demolished through all the energy
               | waste. I can't see a reason why society would allow
               | sports. It's ultimately beneficial to a very small amount
               | of owners and their players (who are exploited!) that
               | take all the cream off the top. Completely immoral
               | honestly. The fact society wastes so much thought,
               | effort, energy, focus, when we could instead be going to
               | Mars or training STEM graduates is just criminal.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Okay, lets say we agree that the sports industry causes
               | externalities. The sports industry recognizes this and
               | installs LEDs and other efficient electronics and cuts
               | their energy consumption by 50%. If the sports industry
               | and Bitcoin were equivalently bad the sports industry
               | would immediately respond to the efficiency increase by
               | doubling the number of stadiums and consume the same
               | amount of energy in the end. Worse, they also had to
               | construct new stadiums with concrete and therefore
               | emitted CO2 during the construction process.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > You just keep moving the goalposts by using the most
               | extreme argument you can muster.
               | 
               | The most extreme arguments I can muster? There are _tons_
               | of industries that produce negative net value when
               | accounting for externalities. $1 in profit for $2 in
               | external harm is not at all that ridiculous.
               | 
               | > I think society should outlaw sport - so many people
               | are hurt in injuries
               | 
               | My argument is that we should price carbon usage to
               | account for externalities. I highly doubt sports turns
               | out to be net unprofitable, even once accounting for
               | those externalities.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | Bitcoin is not advertised as entertainment, though. And
               | if it was, gambling industries are heavily regulated. If
               | you argue that bitcoin is essentially a new entrant in
               | gambling, would you support similar regulation?
               | Otherwise, there is not much besides whataboutism here.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _If the owners of the miners are actually able to turn
               | their coins into wealth that increases their lifestyle,
               | then the mining did improve someone 's life_
               | 
               | Bitcoin is between high finance and casinos. Both are
               | highly regulated.
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | It improves people's lives, just likely not yours. Just
             | like I don't benefit from caps on medical professionals, or
             | police unions, or health insurance.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | How? Beyond creating a few lottery winners, it has no
               | utility for the average person.
        
               | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
               | Neither does a multi-million dollar yacht or companies /
               | foreigners buying billions in properties for investment
               | displacing communities.
               | 
               | In the real world, "utility" doesn't exist unless it
               | benefits a select few.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Vanishingly few things have substantial utility for the
               | average person. But clearly BTC has utility for those
               | participating in transacting and mining it, or they
               | wouldn't be doing it.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | It's not "clear" BTC has utility for anyone. For most
               | people it seems like a speculative investment vehicle
               | (i.e. a lottery ticket).
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Even granting that, speculative investments have utility.
               | That's why people participate in them.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | No, they don't.
               | 
               | Investments have utility, speculation does not.
               | 
               | Time was Bitcoin proponents would talk about the future
               | of money (investment).
               | 
               | Now everyone just wants to get rich at the expense if the
               | poor fool who comes later (speculation). We're now at the
               | mania stage of this bubble, where crazy things happen and
               | ordinary people invest because of the distorted prices.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | What is their utility beyond being a lottery ticket? That
               | was my original question. Lotto winners have mixed
               | outcomes, so I'm not sure that its clear if those lives
               | were improved. We may come find out they weren't.
               | 
               | State governments have had a monopoly on lotteries for my
               | entire lifetime, so if we've granted that crypto is
               | nothing beyond a lottery ticket, then there is no issue
               | with society regulating it to whatever degree we can
               | agree on.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Society can regulate whatever it wants. Usually it can
               | attempt to make some sort of justification but the
               | justification can be fairly flimsy (as the marijuana
               | regulations have proven). So sure, society can regulate
               | crypto, as the US Gov already has attempted to do.
               | 
               | For the utility of decentralized currencies, it's best
               | you get information from more than an Internet comment.
               | Which sources have you used already?
        
               | CamTin wrote:
               | The average person isn't doing any mining, specific
               | people are. It has utility for the people doing it.
        
               | tuesdayrain wrote:
               | It's not just a few lottery winners. Every single person
               | who bought and held BTC for a reasonable amount of time
               | has made money. BTC is an extremely valuable investment
               | vehicle that has no equivalent.
        
             | JoshTriplett wrote:
             | > While taxing carbon usage is a good idea, there is
             | something fundamentally wrong with the idea of allocating
             | so much resources, in servers, in power and in space, for
             | what essentially doesn't improve people's lives.
             | 
             | There's something fundamentally wrong with the idea of
             | deciding _for_ people what might improve their lives and
             | what isn 't allowed to try, rather than letting them decide
             | for themselves individually. People decide to allocate
             | those resources, for something they consider worthwhile.
             | Some of them think they'll get rich. Some of them think
             | they're changing how the world does business or exchanges
             | money. Perhaps some of them are right; perhaps none are
             | right but a successor that learns from them will be;
             | perhaps they'll solve a novel problem or perhaps they
             | won't. The world needs room to experiment with interesting
             | ideas.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > There's something fundamentally wrong with the idea of
               | deciding for people what might improve their lives and
               | what isn't allowed to try
               | 
               | I disagree, I don't think this at all an a priori wrong.
               | It's helpful to consider the limit case.
               | 
               | If we lived in a world, for instance, where one person
               | owned all of the food in the world and didn't want anyone
               | else to eat it, it would be permissible for the other 7
               | billion people in the world to "decide _for_ " that one
               | that their food will be redistributed.
        
               | vinger wrote:
               | Permissible by whom? The one who owns the food? By the
               | mob of 7 billion? By your own Morality?
               | 
               | What if you are the only one without, would the 7 billion
               | agree the person is morally correct to steal from them?
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | > There's something fundamentally wrong with the idea of
               | deciding for people what might improve their lives and
               | what isn't allowed to try, rather than letting them
               | decide for themselves individually
               | 
               | This is literally the whole point of having law.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | > deciding for people what might improve their lives
               | 
               | I don't believe I did this. What I do, though, is measure
               | the actual positive impact this tech has now.
               | 
               | > The world needs room to experiment with interesting
               | ideas.
               | 
               | Bitcoin is way past the experimental phase.
               | 
               | > rather than letting them decide for themselves
               | individually.
               | 
               | We're talking about something that has systemic impacts.
               | Once individual actions reach such a scale that others
               | get impacted, it's normal for society to get involved and
               | set rules.
        
               | samdoidge wrote:
               | > What I do, though, is measure the actual positive
               | impact this tech has now.
               | 
               | I don't think just measuring the carbon footprint is
               | giving you an accurate measurement.
        
               | rawtxapp wrote:
               | How do you objectively measure the actual positive impact
               | of this tech exactly?
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | We don't really need to. The damage it does is so
               | incredibly massive that positive impact would have to be
               | gigantic to offset it, and it is blindingly obvious no
               | such massive impact exists.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | I simply hear to proponents' testimonials.
               | 
               | So far, the prevalent stories have been about servicing
               | people living in countries suffering from hyperinflation,
               | which is just as easily done with a foreign currency.
               | 
               | Another common point is the promotion of smart contracts.
               | It seems to me that these tools are still anecdotal, and
               | don't really provide a significant competitive advantage
               | compared to standard contracts. Besides, cryptos not
               | using pow and incorporating good tooling are much better
               | suited for that.
               | 
               | The decentralized nature of the ledger is another common
               | selling point, but proponents don't really tie it to a
               | material benefit.
               | 
               | Other impacts, usually not really promoted are its
               | support to illegal activities such as digital
               | racketeering, money laundering, etc. For instance, the
               | financial aspect of ransomware is usually supported by
               | this technology.
               | 
               | If you feel I have missed some impacts, feel free to
               | point them out.
        
               | nightski wrote:
               | You've probably missed the most important one -
               | diversification. A lot of people (rightly or wrongly) are
               | concerned about the U.S. Dollar after what has transpired
               | (and is still transpiring) with this pandemic. The Fed
               | has unleashed it's full force and we simply don't know
               | (although many are making their best predictions) what
               | the future holds.
               | 
               | There's a reason companies and major asset holders are
               | putting 1-10% of their portfolios into Btc, and I assure
               | you it's not _only_ speculation.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | I understand that people may be interested in finding a
               | safe asset to diversify into, but if there is no
               | underlying asset to anchor btc to, it's purely a social
               | consensus.
               | 
               | If at some point the economy gets better and people want
               | to invest back into actual stuff, what happens to the
               | late leavers?
        
           | undefined1 wrote:
           | > we just tax carbon usage?
           | 
           | yes please, that would be the holistic approach.
           | externalities like carbon need to be priced in. if it's in
           | the price, then the market will adjust accordingly. a $4
           | [thing] will jump to $12, people will buy fewer until
           | producers figure out ways to reduce externalities in order to
           | bring the price down.
           | 
           | what's free will be overused. price it in to force efficiency
           | and alternative seeking.
        
           | sega_sai wrote:
           | I think it is probably good to tax for Co2 production as a
           | way of addressing global warming. I just don't think we
           | should equate bitcoin production with other CO2 producers.
           | I.e. I personally think that the CPU-cycles used for science
           | on HPCs are much more valuable than the bitcoin mining
           | (that's just my opinion though).
        
             | xur17 wrote:
             | As you noted, this is just your opinion - are we going to
             | have a person or group that decides what forms of Co2 usage
             | are most "worthy", and adjust taxes accordingly? And let's
             | say we do go down that path - one could certainly make the
             | argument that Bitcoin usage from folks fleeing oppressive
             | regimes are much more worthy than Co2 used to search for
             | aliens or participating in far out HPC research.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | This is a terrible argument because the transaction fees
               | on Bitcoin are high enough that anyone who wants to flee
               | an oppressive regime would just buy any other
               | cryptocurrency that isn't suffering from power
               | consumption problems.
        
               | xur17 wrote:
               | Fees are $3 if you are willing to wait 12 hours,
               | otherwise $5 for 30 minutes.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Incentivizing stupid things (like taking on mortgage debt
               | or over-coverage by employer health plan) is already the
               | status quo of the tax code.
               | 
               | > Bitcoin usage from folks fleeing oppressive regimes
               | 
               | Have bitcoin people (I don't know what else to call the
               | people who want to talk about it all the time) actually
               | convinced themselves that this is a substantial share of
               | bitcoin usage?
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | >Have bitcoin people (I don't know what else to call the
               | people who want to talk about it all the time) actually
               | convinced themselves that this is a substantial share of
               | bitcoin usage?
               | 
               | It's not because this is literally Monero's value
               | proposition. Why would anyone who wants to flee an
               | oppressive regime publicly announce to their government
               | that they bought Bitcoin in the oppressed country and
               | sold it in a less oppressive country?
               | 
               | Information about Monero (don't dare to even think of
               | buying it for speculation) https://www.monero.how/how-
               | does-monero-work-details-in-plain...
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | How do I cash out monero?
        
               | sega_sai wrote:
               | I think, yes, somebody should adjust taxes accordingly.
               | The status quo with existing costs and taxes already
               | effectively establishes some preferences for
               | industries/goals, just implicitely. I think trying to
               | explicitely express those preferences is better. (and it
               | will never be 100% optimal that's for sure)
        
           | xur17 wrote:
           | I agree, taxing carbon usage is the correct way to go about
           | this. All the ways I can think of taxing Bitcoin directly
           | wouldn't modify the right behaviors. It seems like the
           | options would be:
           | 
           | * Tax Bitcoin transactions - decreasing Bitcoin transactions
           | wouldn't decrease energy usage
           | 
           | * Tax Bitcoin holdings - this is already accomplished via
           | capital gains taxes, and again, it isn't the holding or usage
           | of Bitcoin that causes the energy usage. It's the fact that
           | Bitcoin has value that causes usage.
        
             | toyg wrote:
             | * Aggressively taxing GPU sales, with exemptions for some
             | sectors and hard monitoring of commercial flows.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | GPUs are made in china/taiwan so good luck with that.
        
               | xur17 wrote:
               | Well for 1, that won't affect Bitcoin mining since it
               | hasn't been profitable to mine on a GPU for years, and 2
               | that will just force mining overseas to locales that
               | don't have this tax (possibly to locales that have less
               | carbon efficient energy sources).
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Yes. New business-models should not be accepted by default,
         | especially if they are disruptive.
        
           | mgberlin wrote:
           | Reductio ad absurdum.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | I think the argument they made was dumb, but I have never
             | understood why "reductio ad absurdum" is popularly
             | considered a 'fallacy'.
             | 
             | It seems like a perfectly logical argumentative technique,
             | designed to point out when a general-statement is actually
             | false in at least one case.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > I have never understood why "reductio ad absurdum" is
               | popularly considered a 'fallacy'.
               | 
               | > It seems like a perfectly logical argumentative
               | technique,
               | 
               | It's _both_. The strong form of the valid argumentative
               | technique involves what amount to a series of valid
               | syllogisms, where each step from the premise to the false
               | conclusion involves a true premise and a logical (and
               | therefore absolute) implication. The false conclusion
               | drawn through valid implication and and a series of
               | premises all but one of which is accepted as true thereby
               | disproves the premise that was in doubt. There is a
               | weaker but still valid (though not in the logical sense)
               | form, where the steps aren 't logically necessary but
               | contingently true, with both the intermediate premises
               | and the inferences with high enough likelihood that the
               | conclusion is very likely true if the questioned premise
               | is true.
               | 
               | The _fallacy_ has a similar shape but involves
               | intermediate premises that are false or at least
               | unjustified, or intermediate steps that are unwarranted,
               | or consists of steps that are a likely enough
               | individually but which in aggregate are not sufficiently
               | likely to justify the conclusion that the premise is
               | false.
               | 
               | Most commonly, the fallacy form rests on what reduces to
               | the reasoning:
               | 
               | 1. If A, it is most likely that B 2. Most likely A. 3.
               | Therefore, most likely B.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | erikerikson wrote:
               | A contradiction (A ^ ~A) is the point at which reductio
               | ad absurdum is achieved. It proves that a false
               | assumption was made.
               | 
               | A counter example to a universal proposition is but one
               | means of finding a contradiction since the universal
               | allows you to assert the positive. A proof that no
               | examples exist would contradict the statement that some
               | do, just as effectively achieving reductio ad absurdum.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | What you're saying is not incongruous with what I'm
               | saying.
               | 
               | statement leads to contradiction -> "general-statement is
               | actually false in at least one case", so if reductio ad
               | absurdum is defined as achieving a contradiction, then
               | the original statement is false in at least one case.
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | How many new business-models do we see, really, on a yearly
             | basis?
        
         | marshmallow_12 wrote:
         | my point exactly! The only reliable indicator of whether btc is
         | good or bad overall is time. I was of the latter opinion, but
         | what am i compared to the Great Musk? (judging by past
         | experience, the answer is nothing).
        
       | user-the-name wrote:
       | Bitcoin is, at this point, an ecological disaster and a crime
       | against humanity.
        
       | marshmallow_12 wrote:
       | the way i see it is like this: bitcoin is an administrative tool
       | to help facilitate the transfer of products more efficiently.
       | Society invests a lot of energy in developing and maintaining
       | such tools, for example currency and tax accountants. This is
       | because the faster wealth can be exchanged, the faster new wealth
       | can be created. This makes investing huge resources into
       | inherently worthless services -like banks- worthwhile. They don't
       | create any wealth but instead help people save time. This time is
       | used to extract wealth from the earth and thus increase the
       | overall quality of life. IF bitcoin helps to extract more raw
       | products than was invested in the process of maintaining it, then
       | it can't be criticised for waste more than the banks, for
       | example. Edit: I am NOT merely finger pointing. A knee-jerk
       | reaction would be to condemn btc as being entirely wasteful and
       | therefore bad, but the reality is more nuanced.
        
         | the_why_of_y wrote:
         | The enormous efficiency gains from transferring Bitcoins should
         | never be underestimated!
         | 
         | https://bitinfocharts.com/comparison/bitcoin-transactionfees...
         | 
         | At just $25.97 USD per transaction, the banks should just close
         | up shop because they'll never be able to compete again.
        
       | RustyRussell wrote:
       | (2018)
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | Wow what a waste, at least use the waste energy to heat Texan
       | homes.
        
         | kevindong wrote:
         | As it turns out, virtually all electric heating is equally
         | efficient (in terms of electricity used per unit of heat
         | outputted). The only difference is that with electric heating,
         | the desired output is the heat itself. While as with computers,
         | the desired output is some kind of audio/visual signal with
         | heat being a generally undesired byproduct.
         | 
         | So during college, I repurposed my desktop PC to mine crypto
         | instead of turning on the (electric) heat in the apartment. I
         | ended up making ~$60 worth of crypto in about 1-2 months before
         | I stopped mining crypto because the fan noise was unbearable.
        
         | rawtxapp wrote:
         | If only energy was that easy to transport.
        
       | casi wrote:
       | if it costs $1 go buy then it is worth spending $0.99 on mining
       | it. the more expensive it becomes the more it consumes. its
       | basically a paperclip maximiser.
       | 
       | I am pro digital currencies in general, but we can do much better
       | than bitcoin.
       | 
       | That said we should avoid moral panic, it only brings division.
       | Ultimately we are all on the same side.
        
         | erikerikson wrote:
         | You mention nothing about externalities. Sure the $ books
         | balance out but what other effects are being selected?
         | 
         | We are all on the same side but benefits and costs are not
         | evenly allocated.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >the more expensive it becomes the more it consumes. its
         | basically a paperclip maximiser.
         | 
         | this is partly counter-balanced by the block subsidy halving
         | every 4 years.
        
       | henron wrote:
       | See the founder of Coinbase fail to name a single specific way
       | that bitcoin makes anyone better off:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=1073&v=Iiny6KBekSc.
        
       | aokiji wrote:
       | So now we are using the climate as an excuse to attack bitcoin?
       | Weak propaganda.
        
         | giacaglia wrote:
         | This attack will become more and more common
        
         | Angostura wrote:
         | It uses a shocking amount of energy. Is it wrong to point this
         | ou?
        
           | arebop wrote:
           | Aluminum production and datacenter operations also use a
           | shocking amount of energy. Apparently Argentina uses a lot of
           | electricity. People complain about bitcoin specifically
           | because they don't recognize any value and they're frustrated
           | that other people disagree. If they were genuinely worried
           | about environmental impact, they'd look at the externalities
           | of electricity production & distribution in a more general
           | way (cap & trade? carbon tax?) rather than arguing that one
           | particularly visible use of electricity is immoral.
        
             | mtnGoat wrote:
             | Alcoa owns 24-26% of a very large hydroelectric dam in
             | Wenatchee Washington. It's more profitable to sell their
             | power shares then to run their plant, so the largest(also
             | one of the best paying) employer in town shuttered their
             | plant to sell power instead.
             | 
             | There are also economic impacts not just ecological.
        
             | DanBC wrote:
             | We get something useful from aluminium production.
        
               | smabie wrote:
               | we clearly get something useful from bitcoin
        
               | doomroot wrote:
               | Subjectively. Clearly bitcoin users get something useful
               | or they wouldn't use it, no?
        
         | FatalLogic wrote:
         | Some people might choose to focus on that issue, but the
         | article is about a lot more than that
        
         | cuchoi wrote:
         | Bitcoin uses the same amount of energy as Argentina. I think is
         | fair to raise the issue.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | It is true that the climate is used frequently as a convenient
         | weapon against things people don't like politically, but this
         | is a real issue.
         | 
         | I'm a huge proponent of crypto currencies. I rail against the
         | abuses from central banks like the Fed, and the evils of using
         | a currency to engineer control over free people. I point this
         | out so you know I think crypto currencies like Bitcoin are
         | super important.
         | 
         | But if we destroy our climate/environment, crypto currencies
         | aren't going to feel like a big deal. We have to care about it.
         | 
         | There are alternative models. One of the reasons I got into Eth
         | was the work on proof-of-stake over proof-of-work they were
         | undertaking.
         | 
         | As proponents of bitcoin I think we do ourselves (and bitcoin)
         | a disservice by dismissing climate-based criticisms. Sure the
         | messenger may not be sincere and with the best of intentions,
         | but lets take the argument seriously regardless. If there are
         | problems with the argument, let's address those rather than
         | question the credibility of the messenger.
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | It's not a new development, people have been pointing out the
         | large amount of energy consumed for quite some time.
        
           | probably_wrong wrote:
           | The article is from March 2018. It is indeed not a new
           | development.
        
       | cletus wrote:
       | I am beginning to wonder if energy is what will eventually doom
       | Bitcoin. Currently, Bitcoin consumes more energy than Argentina
       | [1].
       | 
       | Another article suggests the carbon footprint of Bitcoin is
       | equivalent to New Zealand [2].
       | 
       | It's not just the cost of mining new coins (which will ultimately
       | end) but the cost of maintaining the network. The more valuable
       | the collective Bitcoins are, the more energy you need to spend
       | defending it against 51% attacks.
       | 
       | To the apologists claiming there's no other good use for that
       | energy, it's not simple. Using too much electricity can raise the
       | price that everybody pays [3].
       | 
       | Miners will keep chasing cheap power but I expect, much like
       | ArbBnB, municipalities, states and even countries will
       | increasingly clamp down on it.
       | 
       | The thing is... Bitcoin solves a problem for almost nobody. It's
       | almost entirely a speculative bubble. Citizens of stable
       | countries are almost entirely better off with traditional
       | currencies. Try and see ordinary people deal with a Bitcoin
       | wallet and discover there's no recourse if a vulnerability in
       | their computer means the contents are irreversibly stolen.
       | 
       | I realize there are corner cases (eg sending money to and from
       | Venezuela). There's also a lot of illegal use cases.
       | 
       | Thing is, blockchains aren't really as immutable as pundits
       | suggest. Bitcoin and Ethereum have had forks.
       | 
       | [1]:
       | https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-56012952#:~:text=Cambrid....
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/02/05/bitcoin-btc-surge-renews-
       | wor....
       | 
       | [3]: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/cheap-power-drew-
       | bitcoin-m...
        
         | fearface wrote:
         | Forks don't mutate the origin chain.
        
           | mortehu wrote:
           | Chains are amended, not mutated. Consensus about what new
           | blocks to accept to the chain can change at any time. For
           | example the chain following the original Ethereum rules is
           | now called Ethereum Classic and its market cap is less than
           | 0.5% of the new consensus.
        
           | ubersync wrote:
           | Unfortunately, Ethereum did infact mutate its chain. Bitcoin
           | never mutated the chain, but once a fork was done to abandon
           | the original chain from a few blocks back, and start mining a
           | new chain from there, thus invalidating some transactions.
           | However Ethereum did something which is essentially a crypto-
           | blasphemy. They reversed a single transaction without a valid
           | signature. Ethereum-Classic is the original chain that still
           | contains that transaction.
        
             | neillyons wrote:
             | The fact that they created a new chain diminishes one of
             | the main characteristics of a blockchain. That it can't be
             | altered.
             | 
             | This has always been my biggest sticking point with
             | cryptocurrencies. It doesn't take into account that
             | sometimes you need to fix a mistake.
             | 
             | Cryptos also have a usability problem. If you forget your
             | login credentials you lose access to your account. If you
             | forgot your credentials at a regular bank, they have
             | multiple avenues for figuring out if you are who you say
             | you are. Eg post etc.
        
         | fwiwm2c wrote:
         | It is clear that you don't believe in Bitcoin ("Bitcoin solves
         | a problem for almost nobody") and thus want to use this energy
         | angle to take it down. Good luck. But if you are more open
         | minded read this thread and educate yourself:
         | https://twitter.com/yassineARK/status/1360343382556483587?s=...
         | 
         | Also, have fun staying po...
        
           | dmitriid wrote:
           | > It is clear that you don't believe in Bitcoin
           | 
           | Bo one believes in BitCoin except a few people who don't
           | understand how the word works.
           | 
           | Do educate yourself: https://medium.com/@kaistinchcombe/ten-
           | years-in-nobody-has-c... and followup:
           | https://medium.com/@kaistinchcombe/decentralized-and-
           | trustle...
           | 
           | As to your tweet, it is as ignorant and uneducated as
           | anything coming from bitcoin apologists.
        
           | TomSwirly wrote:
           | > educate yourself
           | 
           | With a twitter thread?
           | 
           | I mean, what _is_ the application of Bitcoin, except crime?
        
         | celticninja wrote:
         | >Bitcoin solves a problem for almost nobody.
         | 
         | Same as Facebook or Twitter or Instagram. They may use less
         | power but their negative influence is far greater.
        
           | Tycho wrote:
           | What negative effects are those?
        
           | ForHackernews wrote:
           | Is this supposed to be some reductio ad absurdum? Shut down
           | bitcoin and social media. Humanity is better off without
           | either.
        
         | mtalantikite wrote:
         | > It's almost entirely a speculative bubble.
         | 
         | Just the other week an older relative asked me to help get them
         | set up so they could buy Ethereum. Another friend asked me to
         | help them setup an account to buy Doge. Neither have any
         | intention of using it as anything besides a speculative store
         | of value because they hear other people are buying it, which
         | would be fine if it didn't actually have such poor
         | environmental externalities.
         | 
         | What a time to be alive.
        
           | reader_mode wrote:
           | Same thing happened when it peaked at 20k - the hairdressers
           | were talking about Bitcoin and altcoins. The difference this
           | time is big time investors started gambling with it - so who
           | knows where it's going to go.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | Silver was a big bubble at that time too. I knew the end
             | was near when the owner of a restaurant I frequented showed
             | me the silver statue he had made of his dog.
             | 
             | Once you have real ETFs the crypto mania will turn into yet
             | another debt fielded bubble. In the meantime, enjoy the
             | ride!
        
               | lifty wrote:
               | It is the bed central banks have laid for ourselves. They
               | did and continue doing everything in their power to
               | prevent asset price deflation, and this is the result.
               | And I imagine that when things will get even more out of
               | control we will get capital controls.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | rawtxapp wrote:
           | I'm guessing a lot of people also tried to get in on the dot
           | com bubble, does it mean we write off the internet as a
           | speculative bubble that's not providing any value?
        
             | mtalantikite wrote:
             | I mean sure, but this is sort of a straw man - of course
             | bubbles can exist even if the underlying asset has
             | fundamental value. The Internet, housing, and tulips are
             | all great things with value. But it's not entirely clear to
             | me that Bitcoin provides more value than the energy cost it
             | requires to sustain it.
        
               | oarsinsync wrote:
               | Consider the costs, both environmental and financial, to
               | mine, secure and transport gold.
               | 
               | How does it compare against Bitcoin? What intrinsic value
               | (besides "ooh, shiny") does gold actually have?
               | 
               | I agree that BTC and cryptocurrencies generally are
               | utterly wasteful, but what too many look at is the
               | headline figure of energy consumed, and not _what_ energy
               | is being consumed.
               | 
               | Disclaimer: I think BTC is a total waste of time, and I
               | am long BTC because I think it'll buy me a house one day
               | too.
               | 
               | (EDIT: I also have gold too)
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | Gold can be used to make jewelry which is a big cultural
               | thing in most of the Old World. It's still "ooh shiny"
               | but it has value in being a tangible "shiny" good used to
               | keep up appearances and show status.
               | 
               | I don't know how you can show status with Bitcoin though.
               | Maybe show your server farm or something.
        
             | TomSwirly wrote:
             | The time someone explained email to me, I was immediately
             | hooked.
             | 
             | But we're well over a decade into cryptocurrencies, and
             | there is no application for them yet except crime.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _a lot of people also tried to get in on the dot com
             | bubble_
             | 
             |  _Ex ante_ , it is difficult to differentiate a Pets.com
             | from an Amazon, or a dot com bubble from a beanie baby
             | boom.
        
               | rawtxapp wrote:
               | > it is difficult to differentiate a Pets.com from an
               | Amazon
               | 
               | Arguably a small minority were able to differentiate and
               | it paid off very well for them.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | They may feel like they were able to differentiate, but
               | without an actual explanation of how they differentiated,
               | we can't determine whether they differentiated or whether
               | they got lucky.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _a small minority were able to differentiate and it
               | paid off very well for them_
               | 
               | True. But from a policy perspective this punts the
               | problem. _Ex ante_ , identifying the president from the
               | deluded is difficult.
        
         | TheBlight wrote:
         | >The thing is... Bitcoin solves a problem for almost nobody.
         | It's almost entirely a speculative bubble. Citizens of stable
         | countries are almost entirely better off with traditional
         | currencies.
         | 
         | Tell that to citizens of countries who have experienced
         | hyperinflation and whose currencies became worthless almost
         | overnight.
         | 
         | There is a reason every asset is going up right now. Real
         | estate, stocks, commodities, and crypto. More money is being
         | printed this year than ever before. The financial media and the
         | fed can claim minimal inflation but the markets are exposing
         | that claim as dubious.
        
           | Lt_Riza_Hawkeye wrote:
           | Aah yes, paying a $25 transaction fee to buy a $5 loaf of
           | bread at the grocery store with bitcoin. Perfect.
        
           | nikanj wrote:
           | A car used to cost 2BTC, then 20BTC, and presently some 1BTC.
           | Bitcoin isn't exactly the model currency for stability.
        
             | nightski wrote:
             | You achieve stability through diversification, not by
             | buying all stable assets.
             | 
             | It's kind of like saying you don't want to buy an index
             | fund because there are some really volatile stocks in
             | there!
        
               | heterodoxxed wrote:
               | Remind me again, are we talking about an asset or a
               | currency?
        
               | Closi wrote:
               | It depends what your argument is.
               | 
               | If you are arguing that bitcoin is a bad currency because
               | of high transfer fees, very few merchants accept it and
               | that very few people are _actually_ buying things with it
               | in any meaningful way, then that 's wrong because it's an
               | asset.
               | 
               | If you are arguing that as an asset it is purely
               | speculative and has no fundamentals and zero return other
               | than appreciation, then that's wrong because it's a store
               | of value.
               | 
               | If you are arguing that as a store of value it's actually
               | highly volatile and has experienced multiple serious
               | crashes, then that's wrong because it's actually a
               | currency.
               | 
               | This is the primary tactic Bitcoin seems to use to deploy
               | to combat any criticism - if someone critiques its
               | ability to do one thing you claim it's something else..
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | spinny wrote:
               | it is both and neither, it has properties of both, it
               | also lack lack some properties of both
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | Depends on which problem of bitcoin they are currently
               | defending.
        
               | nightski wrote:
               | Do you not view the USD (or other currency) you hold as
               | an asset?
        
               | TomSwirly wrote:
               | The US dollars' value is comparatively stable...
        
           | grumple wrote:
           | > Tell that to citizens of countries who have experienced
           | hyperinflation and whose currencies became worthless almost
           | overnight.
           | 
           | Yeah, it's almost as though they had invested in Bitcoin
           | during one of its crashes. What do you think they will say
           | next time Bitcoin crashes back to 10% of its value?
        
             | retrac wrote:
             | That they were foolish for holding onto Bitcoin itself.
             | That's not what it's being used for.
             | 
             | Here in the West there's basically no barriers for someone
             | like me sending $10k or $10 million wherever, for whatever.
             | Just ensure I pay any taxes on investment profits, and
             | don't fund terrorists or drug cartels. Many countries are
             | far more strict. E.g., Argentinians can only move $300 a
             | month out of the country legally, as I understand it. If
             | they want to purchase real estate in Canada or Australia as
             | a hedge against inflation, for example, that can be very
             | hard even if they have the funds.
             | 
             | Getting around capital controls seems to be a niche for
             | Bitcoin. I can think of few other ways to simply send
             | $10,000 from Argentina to Nigeria in one hour, reliably and
             | securely. Assuming people can exchange Bitcoin for cash or
             | similar on both ends, it can be near-ideal for certain
             | pairings compared to the legal and traditional financial
             | system.
        
               | logifail wrote:
               | > Getting around capital controls seems to be a niche for
               | Bitcoin
               | 
               | Q: If you pitch up in, say, Canada or Australia, and
               | offer to buy a chunk of expensive real estate and pay
               | with Bitcoin, who is selling?
               | 
               | Q2: ... or do you have to convert to AUD/CAD first, and
               | if so, which bank(s) can you rely on to not worry about
               | KYC?
               | 
               | Q3: ... or do you have to actually travel to Canada or
               | Australia first, in order to open a regular bank account
               | first, in order to have somewhere to move your Bitcoin
               | _to_ , in order to have local currency, in order to be
               | able to pay the local seller?
        
               | retrac wrote:
               | I do know that people have transacted real estate in
               | Bitcoin in Canada before, mostly as a gimmick, but no
               | reason you couldn't do that legally on the Canadian end.
               | But I assume one would convert to CAD. What's the problem
               | with KYC on the Canadian bank end? Canada has no such
               | controls and wouldn't care that the money was laundered
               | out of Argentina.
               | 
               | Even if you had to do that, laundering the funds into
               | Canada unfortunately does not seem it would be difficult
               | in practice, given the apparent scale of money-laundering
               | associated with the Vancouver housing market. And you do
               | not have to be physically present to acquire property in
               | Canada.
        
               | logifail wrote:
               | > laundering the funds into Canada unfortunately does not
               | seem it would be difficult in practice
               | 
               | Is this true only if you're sufficiently under the radar,
               | or does it still hold true no matter how
               | big/famous/wanted a criminal you are?
               | 
               | EDIT: see
               | 
               | https://www.step.org/industry-news/canadian-citizens-
               | challen...
               | 
               | and
               | 
               | https://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/guidance-
               | directives/client-...
               | 
               | ??
        
               | retrac wrote:
               | Of course some people get caught. (Though some of what
               | I'm describing wouldn't be considered illegal under
               | Canadian law in the first place. You can just buy
               | property with BTC here if you have BTC.) Still, it's a
               | huge problem:
               | 
               | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/cullen-
               | commi...
               | 
               | https://globalnews.ca/news/7593419/bc-casinos-too-
               | dangerous-...
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Western Union operates all over the world, you can send
               | money instantly and the fees are lower than Bitcoin's
               | network fees for transactions.
        
           | CamelCaseName wrote:
           | Another reason why every asset is going up right now:
           | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PSAVERT
           | 
           | Savings rates have exploded, and those funds need to go
           | somewhere.
        
             | toinetoine wrote:
             | Looking at both, it looks like the gradual decline in the
             | savings rate since the early 1980s correlates with a
             | gradual decline in inflation from that time:
             | https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/USA/united-
             | states/infl...
        
             | deathanatos wrote:
             | Is the arrow of causality that way, though?
             | 
             | I'm at the traditional "first-time-homebuyer" age, and I'm
             | personally saving a fair portion of my income primarily
             | _because_ assets, such as houses, are so expensive. Were
             | housing cheaper, I 'd be paying a mortgage instead of a
             | saving account.
             | 
             | (And, I'd argue, sending longer doing so too due low
             | interest rates.)
        
           | M277 wrote:
           | Yeah, and how many citizens of these countries buy and use
           | BTC? Particularly with how unstable it is compared to other
           | assets like e.g. gold.
           | 
           | Mind you, I speak as someone who is a citizen in a country
           | that experienced that. Not now, but back in 2016, our
           | currency got halved. Nobody, and I mean absolutely nobody
           | ever thought "I should have bought crypto."
           | 
           | When the 2017-2018 crypto rush happened, and people started
           | mining ETH, well-off people* here got onto it and started
           | mining ETH.... only to immediately sell it as they mined.
           | Nobody held onto it.
           | 
           | *well-off because GPUs were absurdly expensive due to the
           | inflation, and it only got worse when the shortages hit.
           | 
           | EDIT: I also want to add that very, very few people here in
           | my country actually understand what bitcoin even is (or
           | cryptocurrency or blockchain). The people that I have seen
           | support mining here only really view it as a way to earn some
           | money while doing nothing.
        
           | Grim-444 wrote:
           | There are other safe-havens against inflation which have
           | existed for hundreds of years. Bitcoin didn't invent the
           | concept of an inflation hedge, and the citizens you refer to
           | had and still have standard alternate solutions. Which in all
           | honesty are a lot safer than a digital collectible token with
           | no intrinsic value that's primarily used for speculating and
           | drug deals, which can be regulated, shut down, or taken over
           | whenever your or another country wants to shut it down.
        
             | qertoip wrote:
             | Bitcoin is by far the best hedge against inflation. All
             | assets tend to zero in Bitcoin terms, long term.
             | 
             | This has been true for the last 12 years and will continue
             | to be true.
        
               | CyberDildonics wrote:
               | This is groupthink propaganda nonsense. Bitcoin can only
               | do 1.5KB/s of transactions and the average transaction
               | costs $26. Any rapid decrease in price will lead to rapid
               | decreases in mining and thus transaction throughput. Does
               | this seem like the future of financial transactions to
               | you?
        
               | TomSwirly wrote:
               | > All assets tend to zero in Bitcoin terms, long term.
               | 
               | Good luck with _that!_
        
           | mtalantikite wrote:
           | > Tell that to citizens of countries who have experienced
           | hyperinflation and whose currencies became worthless almost
           | overnight.
           | 
           | I don't think any of my family in Algeria are using Bitcoin,
           | and same for my wife's family in Bangladesh. In Algeria at
           | least, generally you'll go to a hawala money changer who
           | gives you better rates than the banks and exchange your local
           | currency into Euros. If you need to send money abroad you use
           | the same old Islamic hawala system to send it to France or
           | wherever else.
           | 
           | There will probably be some useful things built on top of
           | blockchains, and I don't think crypto has zero value, but I
           | don't think it's going to reasonably fix a situation of a
           | failing state.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Tell that to citizens of countries who have experienced
           | hyperinflation and whose currencies became worthless almost
           | overnight_
           | 
           | At best, this argument turns Bitcoin into a massive subsidy
           | by stable countries of unstable ones. A subsidy paid for in
           | the form of higher energy prices, environmental damage and
           | opportunity cost.
        
         | danlugo92 wrote:
         | It's not just Venezuela that is a corner case. China is another
         | one, a one billion "corner case".
         | 
         | Lots of banking problems in your so called "stable" countries
         | like your account getting blocked (try running a business on
         | transferwise or paypal) because of some shit algortihm.
        
         | dale_glass wrote:
         | Doubtful it will doom it. Bitcoin and similar crypto scale
         | difficulty based on the amount of power spent.
         | 
         | So if a bunch of miners drop off due to electricity prices or
         | such concerns, the network will simply readjust and keep on
         | going.
         | 
         | BTC has a lot of issues, but nothing forces it to be ever power
         | hungrier. It can scale down the energy consumption and keep on
         | existing just fine.
        
         | vinger wrote:
         | "Try and see ordinary people deal with a Bitcoin wallet and
         | discover there's no recourse if a vulnerability in their
         | computer means the contents are irreversibly stolen."
         | 
         | I lived in a period without debit and credit cards. You dropped
         | your cash it was gone. I'm not sure not having a reversal
         | transaction is the killer missing feature.
        
           | gota wrote:
           | Anecdote - to me it is.
           | 
           | I know what life is like with the existing feature of getting
           | thousands of stolen dollars back by relying on the banking
           | (and/or legal) system. I won't willingly adopt a system
           | without it.
        
           | dmitriid wrote:
           | Even with cash you had consumer protection laws. So you could
           | get your cash back.
           | 
           | With bitcoin it's medieval ages at best.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | Could anyone in the world hack into your phone and steal your
           | wallet from the comfort of their homes like they can with
           | Bitcoin?
           | 
           | Most Android phones stop receiving security updates after two
           | years or less.
        
         | spinny wrote:
         | The capability of performing a 51% attack and sustaining a 51%
         | attack are very different. Performing a 51% attack by mining a
         | single gets you nowhere (at most you can revert some
         | transactions, that block will eventually be orphaned).
         | 
         | Today i believe, most usage of Bitcoin is for legitimate
         | purposes. There is always lots of illegal use cases for
         | anything with value, if it has value, people will do illegal
         | s** to get it and will use as payment. Human nature.
         | 
         | The energy used since the inception of the network is what
         | makes the network valuable. Think of it this way: to create a
         | cryptocurrency you need some "value" attached to it, Bitcoin
         | does this by converting energy->work->bitcoin, you add "value"
         | to the network in the form of energy and get bitcoin back (you
         | get your "value" back in the form of money when you sell the
         | mined BTC). Ethereum took a different approach (token sale +
         | PoW) and now are moving to PoS.
         | 
         | Pure PoW seems the only way to launch a completely anonymous
         | and decentralized crypto
        
           | TomSwirly wrote:
           | > Today i believe, most usage of Bitcoin is for legitimate
           | purposes.
           | 
           | Like what? Aside from "speculating that it will increase in
           | value", what are these legitimate purposes?
        
         | tom_mellior wrote:
         | > The more valuable the collective Bitcoins are, the more
         | energy you need to spend defending it against 51% attacks.
         | 
         | I wonder how afraid one actually needs to be of 51% attacks.
         | How would the attacker profit from a 51% attack? They might
         | double-spend, or rewrite known history somehow, or decide to
         | only include certain transactions in their blocks and leave
         | other transactions stranded. In each of these cases, it would
         | be clear to everyone that Bitcoin has been broken, and that it
         | has lost its usefulness and the properties it became famous
         | for. The attacker might then control a large amount of Bitcoin,
         | but having lost everyone's trust in it, that large amount of
         | Bitcoin would be worthless. It's not in any attacker's interest
         | to actually break the system, since they would need a gigantic
         | initial investment and get no return on it. (Except if it were
         | _very_ cheap and the attacker 's motivation would really be to
         | destroy Bitcoin.)
         | 
         | I don't think we need to fool ourselves that miners are in it
         | to "protect" the network. They're in it to make money.
        
         | qertoip wrote:
         | > Currently, Bitcoin consumes more energy than Argentina
         | 
         | How Argentina justifies using so much energy?
        
           | ForHackernews wrote:
           | Argentina's economy supports the life and livelihoods of some
           | 45 million people.
           | 
           | Bitcoin supports the degenerate gambling habits of some
           | nerds.
        
         | jwblackwell wrote:
         | > Bitcoin solves a problem for almost nobody
         | 
         | This is a very Western centric view. Also, I live in the west
         | and see Bitcoin as a good alternative store of wealth.
        
         | briefcomment wrote:
         | Look into how miners are making use of stranded methane that is
         | otherwise flared and contributes greatly to global warming
         | (23:00 to 1:11:00 in video below)[1].
         | 
         | [1]https://youtu.be/emc83bQYiF8?t=1358
         | 
         | Also, consider the massive dis-incentivization of consumption
         | that BTC will encourage. The environmental effects are
         | ambiguous, and probably not nearly as bad as mainstream media
         | suggests. It could even be net positive.
        
         | xtracto wrote:
         | I agree with you of the idea that Bitcoin's doom is going to be
         | energy. In my case, I do think Cryptocurrencies are here to
         | stay, and other approaches like the ones used in ETH2, IOTA,
         | Nano, etc will come to replace PoW.
         | 
         | I think at some point, government is going to ban PoW mining in
         | the same way they ban gasoline based cars or plastic bags.
         | 
         | > The thing is... Bitcoin solves a problem for almost nobody.
         | It's almost entirely a speculative bubble. Citizens of stable
         | countries are almost entirely better off with traditional
         | currencies
         | 
         | That's the key: citizens of stable countries are just
         | speculating, but for people of not so stable countries (Mexico,
         | Argentina, China, among several others) where people just do
         | not trust their government & their banking system,
         | Cryptocurrencies deffinitely have value.
         | 
         | In my case, I have part of my portfolio on Bitcoins, because
         | there is no easy way to open a USD account in Mexico, and
         | storing USD or gold is just not practial. And with our stupid
         | president having 4 more years to go, the country is quickly
         | going to a deep recesion. I don't doubt that when a recession
         | come, the government will "lock" the banks to prevent a "cash
         | run" as they did before (and as it has happened in other
         | countries like Venezuela and Greece)
        
           | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
           | > _but for people of not so stable countries (Mexico,
           | Argentina, China, among several others) where people just do
           | not trust their government & their banking system,
           | Cryptocurrencies deffinitely have value_
           | 
           | Fair point, but curious in how many shops in those countries
           | you can buys groceries or how many landlords take their rent
           | in Crypto? Because if you can't use it to feed or house
           | yourself then what's the point of owning it other than going
           | back to BTC's only real use cases so far: storing it for
           | speculation, drug trafficking and ransomeware payments.
           | 
           | Plus, can you imagine paying a $26 transaction fee every time
           | you buy a $0.30 loaf of bread with bitcoin?
        
             | wyre wrote:
             | Bitcoin is a store of value. When they need money to buy
             | groceries or pay rent they will sell an amount of bitcoin.
             | 
             | Stores and landlords won't take payment in gold or index
             | funds either.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | You're making the bold assumptions that landlords or
               | grocery stores accept bitcoin in those countries.
               | 
               | Do they really? Or are you fantasizing a Cyberpunk future
               | where they would?
               | 
               | Because fantasies are cheap, but food and shelter is not,
               | and the ones who make the bread might be more into the
               | cash in hand right now rather than waiting for your BTC
               | transaction to clear.
        
               | asenna wrote:
               | > You're making the bold assumptions that landlords or
               | grocery stores accept bitcoin in those countries.
               | 
               | The parent is clearly not making that statement.
               | 
               | Parent said ".. they will sell an amount of Bitcoin"
               | which can be done either through exchanges or just as
               | easily peer-to-peer through platforms like LocalBitcoin.
               | If you have Bitcoin in a scenario like that, most
               | definitely will not be a problem.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | _> If you have Bitcoin in a scenario like that, most
               | definitely will not be a problem._
               | 
               | Until the regime decides to cut off access to crypto
               | exchanges or the whole internet country wide. Good luck
               | cashing out your bitcoins then.
        
               | heterodoxxed wrote:
               | > Bitcoin is a store of value
               | 
               | That's what's said now because it failed as a currency.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | > _Bitcoin is a store of value. When they need money to
               | buy groceries or pay rent they will sell an amount of
               | bitcoin._
               | 
               | Seems like a great way to lose any stored value in
               | transaction fees. Transaction fees are $26USD right now,
               | which is likely more than what most pay in those
               | countries for their groceries.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | Why do people miss the substantial transaction fee when
               | proclaiming BTC as a viable day to day currency? And in
               | poor countries out of all places.
        
           | qertoip wrote:
           | LOL, no.
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | Bitcoin demonstrates the importance of first-mover advantage.
       | 
       | It's one of the worst and most inefficient cryptocurrencies in
       | existence but because it was the first, it's the most valuable.
       | The world would be much better off with a Proof of Stake
       | cryptocurrency as the dominant cryptocurrency.
       | 
       | The rhetoric is extremely resilient. The price of Bitcoin has
       | nothing to do with the underlying technology, it's all about the
       | social network and infrastructure which exists around it.
       | 
       | The rhetoric concerning Bitcoin only using clean energy is BS...
       | If Bitcoin didn't use that surplus electricity, some other useful
       | project would have had access to even cheaper electricity.
       | 
       | But the same can be said about most of the big tech companies in
       | existence today. Their dominance is all about social networks,
       | infrastructure and rhetoric.
        
       | cybert00th wrote:
       | Bitcoin = snake oil - it cures what ails ya. Miners may be making
       | money now, but let's face it, it's an intangible asset made of 1s
       | and 0s and wholly dependent on the presence of electricity. What
       | could possibly go wrong...
        
         | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
         | That definition works for major potion of USD in circulation as
         | well. So what's your point?
        
       | dylkil wrote:
       | why is hacker news so anti crypto
        
       | loceng wrote:
       | I wonder, all 3 current comments - including by someone shadowban
       | - aokiji (I recently learned about the "showdead" setting you can
       | toggle on in settings) - have been downvoted, I wonder if those
       | downvoting all have financial interest in the success of the
       | Bitcoin MLM?
        
         | mrits wrote:
         | It only took a few months for me working around bitcoin
         | warehouses to realize I was being extremely hypocritical. Some
         | will argue that bitcoin is important to society so the
         | electricity use can be justified. I personally drastically
         | reduced my stake in bitcoin though and put it in crypto that is
         | committed to greener proof of stake algorithms.
        
           | jakupovic wrote:
           | This is FUD. You provide your opinion based on zero evidence.
           | Good for you, but what did that do for anyone else?
        
           | loceng wrote:
           | Cool, at least you're trying. I think Bitcoin's structure,
           | the way its blockchain is designed, is inherently flawed with
           | too many unavoidable-unfixable pitfalls - along with
           | unnecessarily transferring wealth from later adopters to
           | earlier adopters. Consensus and use, alignment towards its
           | adoption, can occur through democratic processes -
           | democratically elected governments (save regulatory capture)
           | - to use a blockchain currency/system that's transparent and
           | prevents printing of money (or at least unknown printing of
           | money) by nations, without transferring wealth simply due to
           | use - without aligning people via greed, financial incentive.
           | 
           | Edit to add: I feel showered in the glory of downvotes today.
        
           | doomroot wrote:
           | Hfsp
        
       | bidirectional wrote:
       | Are there interesting technical challenges related to Bitcoin
       | mining which induce competition and innovation? I ask because I
       | see Bitcoin mining dismissed in the same way high frequency
       | trading is (if you have enough starting capital/connections, you
       | get to print money). However I know enough about HFT to realise
       | that characterisation is very unfair (plenty of firms go bust,
       | they capture a lot less value than the people they replaced,
       | innovation is rife), is there anything similar going on with
       | cryptocurrency mining, or are the surface level dismissals fair?
        
         | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
         | I would be much happier if there were no innovation. Instead of
         | just wasting electricity, we are wasting lives and minds. We
         | have teams designing _custom silicon_ to print Bitcoin. At
         | least it 's better than them working for Google, I suppose.
         | 
         | A "mine" is just a big warehouse full of jerry-rigged
         | infrastructure. It will employ maybe two people and will pack
         | up shop in an afternoon if the owners find cheaper electricity
         | elsewhere. It doesn't provide any value to the local economy.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | There's definitely plenty of engineering around making the
         | chips, miner boxes, and data centers as efficient as possible.
         | Much of that engineering may not be transferable to other
         | fields like cloud computing though.
        
         | marktangotango wrote:
         | There are two aspects. One is the hardware. Coin production is
         | held nearly constant by adjusting the difficulty. Hardware
         | evolves such that hardware from a few years ago is drastically
         | less effective than current hardware, and the difficulty is
         | similarly higher. This means it takes new hardware to mine
         | effectively. With jumps in prices comes jumps in prices of the
         | hardware. And difficulty acquiring it.
         | 
         | Also, the economics change with the price of btc (obviously).
         | When btc is $50k, you can mine very profitably with $.12 kw/h
         | domestic electricity (ie your house). When btc was $10k, you'd
         | break even or lose money.
         | 
         | So if you can get the hardware, and get access to cheap power,
         | yes you can print money. Neither of those are easy. That's the
         | challenge and why it's so easily dismissed as you observe.
         | 
         | The really provocative question is imo, how high will the price
         | of btc go? A lot of people speculate $100-300k. That kind of
         | price justifies a lot of capital expenditure.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | That's from 2018. Apparently there was a crash around 2019.[1] A
       | boom might be starting again.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.seattletimes.com/business/technology/sunday-
       | buzz...
        
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