[HN Gopher] Nvidia Limits RTX 3060 Hash Rate
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Nvidia Limits RTX 3060 Hash Rate
        
       Author : stambros
       Score  : 247 points
       Date   : 2021-02-19 12:03 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.tomshardware.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.tomshardware.com)
        
       | victor9000 wrote:
       | Is there any way to get these cards at MSRP? Why can't I just
       | pre-order one from nvidia and have it shipped when it becomes
       | available?
        
       | WalterGR wrote:
       | Discussed 2 days ago:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26180260
       | 
       | Nvidia announces mining GPUs, cuts the hash rate of RTX-3060 in
       | half (nvidia.com) 454 points by bcatanzaro 2 days ago | flag |
       | hide | past | favorite | 731 comments
       | 
       | There are 30-ish more submissions here:
       | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=pastWeek&page=1&prefix=tru...
        
       | lwhi wrote:
       | I wonder if open source drivers will eventually circumvent this
       | limit?
        
         | Jonnax wrote:
         | Nvidia PR [1] has stated that it's a bios level feature. And
         | their bioses require signatures.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://twitter.com/bdelrizzo/status/1362619264423747590?s=2...
        
           | lwhi wrote:
           | I remember years ago (we're talking 20 years), it was
           | possible to circumvent chip level batching between Nvidia
           | Geforce and Quadro.
           | 
           | Geforce was the consumer range, and Quadro was used for
           | workstation graphics.
           | 
           | They both used the same chip .. but a resistor on the board
           | gave the driver an indication of which range the card
           | belonged to.
        
             | phire wrote:
             | They have gotten somewhat better at chip security since
             | then.
             | 
             | I remember AMDs Phenom tri-core CPUs being unlockable to
             | quad-core 12 years ago, but nothing really since.
        
         | lasagnaphil wrote:
         | Sadly, the last time I checked the benchmark for the nouveau
         | project (https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=nv
         | idia-n...), it wasn't even close to being "usable" in terms of
         | performance (need to expect about 10x slowups in games).
        
           | PurpleFoxy wrote:
           | It's because you need to load firmware on the gpu to make it
           | run fast and that firmware is illegal to redistribute and
           | impossible to reimplement since it's signed. There is nothing
           | the nouveau project can do short of finding an exploit in the
           | cards crypto.
        
         | joombaga wrote:
         | I was curious if the mining algorithms could be tweaked to
         | avoid detection.
        
           | 15155 wrote:
           | Unless they decide to add more algorithms after the fact, I'd
           | be very surprised and outraged if this detected anything
           | other than Dagger-Hashimoto via its memory access pattern.
        
       | tsujamin wrote:
       | Curious to see how ethereum participants react to this. Will it
       | just become a race to defeat nvidia's mining-detection logic in
       | order to up the available supply of cards?
       | 
       | (caveat: don't know enough about contemporary ethereum to know
       | how this works with PoS)
        
       | lmilcin wrote:
       | I am happy with this kind of heavy handed move for once if this
       | is intended to reduce demand for _graphics_ products for their
       | other uses and make them available for people who intend to use
       | them for work and gaming.
       | 
       | Maybe I will finally be able to afford top of the line GPU.
       | 
       | I mean, bitcoin miners can still pay high prices if they want but
       | finally there will be GPU that will not be encumbered by mining
       | craze.
        
       | qqii wrote:
       | Previous discussion:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26180260
       | 
       | Also on reddit: (Linus from Linus Tech Tip's Take, I'd
       | reccomended watching this one)
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/hardware/comments/locpyb/nvidia_pre...
       | 
       | (Initial Article)
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/hardware/comments/lmnpag/geforce_is...
       | 
       | (Clarification that the restrictions in driver+firmware)
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/hardware/comments/lnf78f/nvidia_gef...
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/hardware/comments/lnrgdc/cryptomini...
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/hardware/comments/lng4q4/nvidia_has...
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/hardware/comments/lmqd56/nvidia_ner...
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/hardware/comments/lmom3w/nvidia_is_...
       | 
       | (Initial Leak)
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/hardware/comments/lmrsrj/zotac_gefo...
        
       | jleahy wrote:
       | I'm guessing they are going to try and raise the prices and
       | create a new market segment. Just as they have separated
       | datacenter GPUs, increased the price massively (coming up to a
       | factor of 10x) and then tried to use a stick to prevent the use
       | of desktop GPUs for datacenter work (eg. the licensing change).
       | 
       | Unfortunately (for their bottom line) it probably won't work, if
       | the restriction is in the driver then someone like myself (or
       | many other people in HN) will have it patched in a number of
       | hours. If it's in the firmware it'll take longer, but it'll be
       | done. Unless they've actually fused out integer units on the
       | consumer cards, that would be bold.
        
         | cedricgle wrote:
         | I can imagine that nowadays you can protect your hardware with
         | encryption chip that unlock firmware with public/private keys.
         | To break it you will have to remove the chip.
        
         | qqii wrote:
         | > According to Bryan Del Rizzo, director of global PR for
         | GeForce, more things are working behind the driver.
         | 
         | > According to Mr. Del Rizzo: "It's not just a driver thing.
         | There is a secure handshake between the driver, the RTX 3060
         | silicon, and the BIOS (firmware) that prevents removal of the
         | hash rate limiter."
         | 
         | https://www.techpowerup.com/278712/nvidia-geforce-rtx-3060-a...
         | 
         | I think it's important to look at as the article does - the
         | other way around, the CMP lineup will be excellent for their
         | bottom line as miners, without competition from gamers and
         | others can buy up cards that won't contribute to the seccond
         | hand market when the mining boom dies down.
         | 
         | As suggested in the article, silicone would have been allocated
         | to mid and low end cards is now allocated to mining only cards
         | that have little resale value and won't hurt their bottom line
         | when they release the 4XXX series.
        
       | almost wrote:
       | Probably not the main reason and may not even be a reason. But
       | this seems like it would work as a clever way not to have the
       | market flooded with older (but still very capable) graphics cards
       | once the value of them in a mining rig stops making sense.
        
       | ReptileMan wrote:
       | Hacked drivers coming in 3... 2... 1...
        
         | phire wrote:
         | It's a bios/firmware level limitation, and the latest GPUs all
         | have firmware signing.
         | 
         | Not unbeatable, but it would require a much more involved hack
         | than just modifying some drivers. Nvidia have painted a huge
         | target on it, so we will see what happens.
        
       | liquidify wrote:
       | How exactly can they do this without screwing up a bunch of other
       | classes of use cases?
        
       | fortran77 wrote:
       | I understand their motives, and as someone who needs GPUs to do
       | scientific GPGPU computing, I appreciate the attempt to get more
       | availability.
       | 
       | However, I'd always be suspicious of my "crippled" GPU
        
       | radium3d wrote:
       | So I want a 3080... I assume this means it will be even harder to
       | buy?
        
       | legohead wrote:
       | Been trying to build a PC for my daughter for weeks now, waiting
       | for just a _half decent_ GPU to become available. You can 't find
       | the 16*, 20*, or of course the 30* line of Nvidia available
       | anywhere (except overpriced on Ebay), it's nuts.
       | 
       | I'm not in a rush or I'd just buy a prebuilt PC which you can
       | still find with these cards, but I wanted to show my daughter how
       | to build a PC. Guess it will be a few more months...
        
       | hahahahe wrote:
       | I am convinced Nvidia is deeply involved in the crypto space more
       | so than they care to admit. I can't wait until Apple matches or
       | surpasses Nvidia so we don't have to listen to Jensen's lies
       | quarter after quarter about how insignificant crypto mining is to
       | their business.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Yeah this is pretty clearly price differentiation. nVidia want
         | trying to sell the same product to gamers and to miners but
         | miners can afford much higher prices. So they create an
         | expensive mining card, and then try and stop miners from using
         | the cheap graphics cards.
         | 
         | They've already done it for AI. This is just doing the same
         | thing for crypto.
        
         | altcognito wrote:
         | Isn't it just so mysterious how they have all these supply
         | problems? I wonder why they can't seem to manufacture products!
         | 
         | In all reality, what they are doing is totally normal, I just
         | wish they wouldn't lie about it.
        
           | SXX wrote:
           | How do you think they can lie as public company? Literally
           | everyone is bottlenecked by TSMC right now.
        
             | roblabla wrote:
             | Nvidia isn't using TSMC for any of their current products,
             | they're using Samsung. They may switch to TSMC for their
             | more high-end cards, but I don't think that is the case
             | right now.
        
               | volta83 wrote:
               | This isn't true. Nvidia is using TSMC right now for all
               | of the compute products, e.g., see:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere_(microarchitecture)
               | 
               | > TSMC's 7 nm FinFET process for A100
               | 
               | > Custom version of Samsung's 8nm process (8N) for the
               | GeForce 30 series[8]
               | 
               | That is, NVIDIA is using both, TSMC and Samsung. Both are
               | probably maxed out.
        
               | altcognito wrote:
               | Right, so what's their volume on a100s and are they a
               | favored mining tool? If so, I think that might be the
               | disconnect between what people think nvidia is focused
               | on, and what they are focused on.
               | 
               | Plus, I'll point out that a lot of information can be
               | hidden by public companies. Amazon was pretty quiet about
               | it's growth in sales of AWS as a dominant force for a
               | number of years.
        
       | lvass wrote:
       | This is just par for the course on closed down hardware. The
       | manufacturer decides how you use it, that's how it has always
       | been. I'm actually happy about this news, I hope it raises
       | awareness for the need of open hardware, it's not like I'd ever
       | buy one of these cards when competitors at least have open source
       | drivers. Lack of hardware freedom generating electronic waste
       | isn't unheard of either.
        
       | dayyan wrote:
       | This is horse s h I t.
        
       | nottorp wrote:
       | Does that mean they're bringing down the xx60 card price too?
       | 
       | Rabid gamers who MUST have that 1440Hz refresh may be willing to
       | pay anything for their space heaters, but there are people who
       | play games but aren't willing to spend 1K (or 3K, how far have
       | they gone these days?) on a video card.
       | 
       | In other words, is this done to increase sales volume or just
       | nvidia's profit?
        
         | gnaman wrote:
         | The article clearly states that the hash rate will be limited
         | if Ethereum mining algorithm is detected by the driver, not
         | otherwise. Gaming use cases will remain the same
        
           | nottorp wrote:
           | And will that make cards cheaper? I'm not asking about the
           | technical details, just about what they want me to pay...
        
         | Netcob wrote:
         | It's done so that when the crypto bubble bursts again, the
         | market isn't flooded with used graphics cards.
         | 
         | In 2017 everyone was buying GTX 10XX cards, on one hand because
         | they actually represented a good improvement over the last
         | generation for a change, but mostly due to the crypto bubble.
         | Which then burst at the beginning of 2018.
         | 
         | Then RTX 20XX came along, which actually represented a slight
         | drop in price/performance if you don't count the raytracing/AI
         | cores (which to this day hardly matter in gaming), while used
         | GTX 10XX cards were still everywhere.
         | 
         | So now nvidia wants to make sure cards used for crypto go
         | straight to the landfill after the current bubble bursts.
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | And at the same time, it lets them cut out the scalpers and
           | sell straight to the miners who'll pay twice the price for a
           | card - without the price-gouging upsetting gamers.
        
         | dahart wrote:
         | > is this done to increase sales volume or just nvidia's
         | profit?
         | 
         | What if it's neither? Nvidia tried increasing production of
         | 1070s and 1080s three years ago to meet bitcoin demand, and it
         | bit them hard when the bitcoin bubble suddenly popped. They got
         | stuck with an oversupply of cards right when Turing was
         | launching, it ate into sales and the stock dropped in half
         | overnight. Meanwhile their customer base of gamers were pissed
         | because they couldn't get gaming cards. What if they're just
         | hedging against another bubble popping, and trying to avoid
         | getting killed by it, again?
        
       | asxd wrote:
       | Somewhat related, you can still find reasonably priced pre-built
       | computers with latest-gen graphics cards. If you're in the market
       | for an entirely new computer, this would be the cost-effective
       | way to go. The HP Omen is one example (stock is still there from
       | 3rd parties, but admittedly limited).
        
       | somehnrdr14726 wrote:
       | At some point nvidia would be better off mining with these gpus
       | than selling them.
       | 
       | The oddest solution I can think of is gamers lease graphics cards
       | at a low low price and nvidia mines on them in the off-hours.
       | With a big enough operation they could force all the other miners
       | into becoming resellers. It's free, distributed electricity and
       | it gets the gamers off their backs.
       | 
       | (While I have your attention, I'm pretty sure proof of work is
       | the paperclip maximizer sci fi warned us about.)
        
         | sellyme wrote:
         | > The oddest solution I can think of is gamers lease graphics
         | cards at a low low price and nvidia mines on them in the off-
         | hours.
         | 
         | This would be a complete non-starter in markets with high
         | electricity costs or temperatures. Running a GTX 3090 at 100%
         | load during the summer where I live would cost $140/month and
         | will heat up my room to about 65degC.
        
       | ianhanschen wrote:
       | Not a fan of miners disturbing GPU availability and pricing but
       | this is a bad move. It's not an engineering move, it's a
       | marketing move, and I'm sure the first attempt at doing this will
       | come down to something just as shallow like a PCI PID check or
       | some resistor strap check. Someone will find it worth the cost to
       | make an FPGA based PCIe bridge that responds to the right knocks
       | in the right way.
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | Not the first time they do this, either. They started limiting
         | performance via firmware/software since Fermi iirc. Basically,
         | nVidia's GTX and Quadro cards use the same exact chips but the
         | latter have additional features and higher performance in
         | professional applications.
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | I think the EULA also says that you can't use the drivers for
           | the non-expensive cards in multitenant/datacenter setups.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | I suppose they recognize a specific algorithm. They already do
         | special-casing for a number of game titles, and have been for a
         | long time. Not a problem to match one more pattern, I assume.
        
       | ArkanExplorer wrote:
       | GPU mining is going to become much less attractive this year due
       | to Ethereum moving to Proof of Stake, right?
       | 
       | If this is the case (perhaps an expert can chime in) - it makes
       | sense to limit the hash rate now, to prevent these cards being
       | dumped later this year? And to redirect miners towards higher-
       | margin products in the meantime, whilst ensuring better supply
       | for gamers (who are the actual long-term customers).
        
         | hobofan wrote:
         | Next year would be the earliest. That's when phase 3 of the
         | Eth2.0 upgrade is planned to happen (though I'd personally add
         | another year to that).
        
           | icelancer wrote:
           | Agreed. Vitalik time = Valve time. I figure two years, Q1-Q2
           | 2023 is most likely.
        
         | jkilpatr wrote:
         | The ETH2 'beacon chain' is a meta-chain that's supposed to
         | checkpoint a bunch of 'sub chains' for scalability. But they
         | have launched it with many big questions unanswered.
         | 
         | What does a 'sub chain' actually look like to interact with?
         | How do you coordinate with many of them? All these questions
         | have answers in theory, but not answers in solid production
         | ready interoperable code.
         | 
         | Furthermore some of these problems like 'how do you store a
         | bunch of sub-chains' are questions not even properly answered
         | in ETH1 nodes for the much simpler one chain case.
         | 
         | By launching the beacon chain early the organizations
         | developing ETH2 can validate and make money while all these
         | questions are figured out. This is where the money goes instead
         | of the improvement of ETH1 since that's a tragedy of the
         | commons as this point.
         | 
         | ETH2 is only worth money if these questions are figured out and
         | ETH1 is somehow brought under the beacon chain's governance.
         | Exactly how this is to happen... well I haven't even seen
         | anything credible on this. Greenfield addition of chains under
         | the ETH2 beacon chain is generously described as 'incomplete'
         | moving ETH1 under ETH2 is much more challenging and I have not
         | seen a plan with any level of detail.
         | 
         | Given that everyone is making bridges to ETH1 now and typical
         | development timelines. I would give a medium to high chance
         | that ETH2 will miss it's window by a couple of years and
         | activity will move to other faster chains that are available
         | now and capable of siphoning off traffic from Ethereum using
         | bridges until they reach their own critical mass.
         | 
         | If I had to put money on it I would place 'proof of stake
         | Ethereum' (defined as ETH1 under the POS beacon chain) more
         | than 2 years out.
         | 
         | I could see the sub-chains (greenfield) working by EOY,
         | although I wouldn't grant it a high probability.
         | 
         | Also if I had to put money on it I will bet on a halt of the
         | Ethereum 1 chain for a time greater than 24 hours within that
         | period, due to lack of maintenance on ETH1 nodes and increased
         | stress from DeFi activity.
         | 
         | -----
         | 
         | ETH2 is kinda like 5G, yes there is a very real 5G network
         | protocol, but in terms of pubic messaging, everything is 5G and
         | communicating anything about how it works or when it will be
         | available is filled with pitfalls and nuances that are
         | difficult for the highly technical, much less the general
         | public, to understand.
        
           | reversecss wrote:
           | What are your thoughts on eip 1559 and it's impact on mining
           | profitability? That is supposedly coming this summer and my
           | understanding is that it fixes in place gas fees, and burns
           | off some fees that would otherwise go to miners. I'm not sure
           | how large of an impact that will make on mining
           | profitability, but I was under the assumption that some
           | miners were going to pump and dump their cards right before
           | they anticipate gpu profitability going down, so they can
           | make some scalper money. I was thinking that miners would be
           | redistributing their supply in the next 3 months or so.
        
           | derefr wrote:
           | IMHO the most important endpoint for ETH2 isn't ETH1 under
           | the beacon-chain, _or_ greenfield projects under the beacon
           | chain, but rather major projects that have already been in
           | development for years, and already had a testnet targeting
           | some alternative sub-chain substrate (e.g. Polkadot, Near),
           | re-evaluating their alternatives at mainnet launch time, and
           | choosing to use ETH2 as their mainnet substrate chain
           | instead.
           | 
           | That could create a lot of momentum/adoption for ETH2, very
           | quickly. And it wouldn't take much: all these substrate
           | projects are intentionally architected so that you can just
           | develop for them as if you were developing for an ETH1 side-
           | chain, and defer all the operational questions to network
           | launch time. They've intentionally commoditized themselves!
           | 
           | So, as long as ETH2 is the best choice for a substrate _when
           | these projects go to mainnet_ , it's what they'll pick. And,
           | for many reasons (that all mostly come down to "lifetime cost
           | of bridging to either ETH1 and/or chain-foo-where-DEX-foo-
           | lives"), ETH2 _may be_ the best choice.
           | 
           | (Imagine if you developed your project against some Postgres-
           | ish-DB-aaS cloud provider like Greenplum Cloud, but only used
           | regular Postgres features; and then, when you went to
           | production, you looked around and decided that Amazon RDS was
           | good enough--and on top of that, required no re-engineering,
           | since you weren't doing anything fancy.)
        
             | jkilpatr wrote:
             | > and choosing to use ETH2 as their mainnet substrate chain
             | instead.
             | 
             | But why exactly? Until ETH1 is in the ETH2 chain ecosystem
             | ETH2 is just another blockchain platform, providing no
             | network effects.
             | 
             | ETH2's big selling point was higher throughput but bridges
             | are already starting to commoditize access to more
             | throughput from ETH1. ETH2 could provide smoother access
             | than the bridge interfaces provided by other chains. (I'm
             | speaking of bridges both to and from ETH1 and within the
             | bridge blockchain's ecosystem like IBC)
             | 
             | It's not that I don't think ETH2 _could_ win this. There 's
             | a clear path to victory.
             | 
             | - ETH1 integrated ASAP, going all in on expanding ETH1
             | capacity and bringing it under ETH2
             | 
             | - Provide a subchain interface that's better than IBC or
             | any other cross-chain interface on the market
             | 
             | - Fullnode tooling that really works well (partial syncing
             | for block availability, seamlessly syncs multiple chains
             | etc)
             | 
             | Once you have these you can keep ETH1 users via network
             | effect and provide access to more capacity more easily than
             | other potential platforms.
             | 
             | But I don't see a clear plan from ETH2 to do either of
             | those things. Cross chain communication is a theory-only
             | problem devoid of the extremely polished tooling it will
             | need to win and ETH1 under the beacon chain doesn't even
             | seem to have a plan.
        
           | sedatk wrote:
           | Avalanche seems to have sorted it out. It's been working on a
           | PoS network without any significant issues so far.
        
       | soulofmischief wrote:
       | Where is the class-action lawsuit? TOS be damned, people bought a
       | product with an advertised spec and that spec was later
       | _intentionally_ crippled.
        
         | hrydgard wrote:
         | 3060 is a new card, they're not "crippling" it post-release.
        
         | kbumsik wrote:
         | Not at all. 3060 is a new card and not released yet.
        
           | soulofmischief wrote:
           | Oh. Ok. Ignore me. NVIDIA has me a bit sensitive because this
           | is not the first time.
        
             | wccrawford wrote:
             | It's a little weird because they released the 3060 TI
             | before the regular 3060, so when they say they're launching
             | the 3060... It's just confusing. I feel like they should
             | have given it its own identifier to help with that
             | confusion, or launched them in the normal order. Base
             | model, then the upgraded one.
        
       | anothernewdude wrote:
       | I'd be too afraid it would affect performance for other tasks to
       | seriously consider it then.
        
       | einpoklum wrote:
       | > The company also limited the mining performance of the soon-to-
       | be-launched RTX 3060 cards to roughly 50% of the normal
       | performance
       | 
       | What does that mean? What has NVIDIA actually done on those
       | cards? Also, if this doesn't effect 3050, 70, 80 , Ti's, Quadro's
       | and Tesla's - does it really matter all that much?
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | qqii wrote:
       | A lot of people are claiming this as a win for the non mining
       | consumer but as the articles puts it:
       | 
       | > Nvidia does state that these GPUs "don't meet the
       | specifications required of a GeForce GPU and, thus, don't impact
       | the availability of GeForce GPUs to gamers." Frankly, that
       | doesn't mean much. What does Nvidia do with a GPU that normally
       | can't be sold as an RTX 3090? They bin it as a 3080, and GA102
       | chips that can't meet the 3080 requirements can end up in a
       | future 3070 (or maybe a 3070 Ti). The same goes for the rest of
       | the line. Make no mistake: These are GPUs that could have gone
       | into a graphics card. Maybe not a reference 3060 Ti, 3070, 3080,
       | or 3090, but we've seen TU104 chips in RTX 2060 cards, so
       | anything is possible.
       | 
       | There's also seemingly little value for miners:
       | 
       | > Note that the 90HX lists an Ethereum hash rate of just 86MH/s
       | and a 320W TGP. After a bit of tuning, an RTX 3080 can usually do
       | 94MH/s at 250W or less, so these cards (at least out of the box)
       | aren't any better.
       | 
       | > It gets worse as you go down the line, though. 50HX only does
       | 45MH/s at 250W -- that basically matches the tuned performance of
       | the RTX 2060 Super through RTX 2080 Super, with a TGP that's
       | still twice as high as what we measured. It's also half the speed
       | of an RTX 3080 while potentially still using the same GPU (10GB
       | VRAM). Or maybe it's a TU102 that couldn't work with 11 memory
       | channels, so it's been binned with 10 channels. Either way, who's
       | going to want this? 40HX at 36MH/s and 185W and 30HX at 26MH/s
       | and 125W are equally questionable options.
       | 
       | Restrictions placed on the 3060 has also confirmed to be more
       | than just the drivers:
       | 
       | > According to Bryan Del Rizzo, director of global PR for
       | GeForce, more things are working behind the driver. > According
       | to Mr. Del Rizzo: "It's not just a driver thing. There is a
       | secure handshake between the driver, the RTX 3060 silicon, and
       | the BIOS (firmware) that prevents removal of the hash rate
       | limiter." This means that essentially, NVIDIA can find any way to
       | cripple the mining hash rate even if you didn't update your
       | driver version. At the same time, according to Kopite7Kimi, we
       | are possibly expecting to see NVIDIA relaunch its existing SKUs
       | under a different ID, which would feature a built-in anti-crypto
       | mining algorithm. What the company does remains to be seen.
       | 
       | (from https://www.techpowerup.com/278712/nvidia-geforce-
       | rtx-3060-a...)
       | 
       | Unfortunately for those that think this would be a good move, I'd
       | agree with this article that:
       | 
       | > Nvidia probably can't implement the same restrictions on
       | existing GPUs without facing a class action lawsuit...
       | 
       | To put it best is Linus from LTT (https://youtu.be/XfIibTBaoMM):
       | 
       | 1. Silicone production is finite
       | 
       | 2. These cards have no after market value
       | 
       | Nividia isn't doing anyone but themselves any favours by
       | releasing this.
        
         | SloopJon wrote:
         | > > These are GPUs that could have gone into a graphics card.
         | 
         | That's an interesting take. After the discussion of the
         | announcement earlier this week, I presumed that this was a way
         | for NVIDIA to improve yields by rescuing bad chips from the
         | scrap heap. If a failed 3090/3080/3070 is going to a CMP
         | instead of a 3060, that's not the win-win that they're
         | pitching. If the alternative is a 2060, on the other hand, I'd
         | still give them the benefit of the doubt.
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | They improve yields on their flagship 3090s by rescuing ones
           | that fail as 3080, 3070 or the highest bin that they meet
           | specification. They wouldn't become a 2060 as that uses a
           | different architecture.
           | 
           | The manufacturing processes will also improve over time and
           | at some point demand will dictate binning over yeild. Chips
           | that are capable of better performance are restricted and
           | sold as lower end cards. If yield is no longer an issue is
           | simply more profitable.
           | 
           | Back in the day it wasn't uncommon for enthusiasts to take
           | lower end cards and bios mod them for equivalent performance,
           | but now features are often disabled in silicone.
        
         | postalrat wrote:
         | If they can simply change the key needed to sign the bios or
         | whatever for new cards coming off their production line they
         | can continue to support cards that were sold before the change
         | and have the limiter for cards made after the change. They
         | could also make a tiny to change to the model number. I don't
         | see how they could possibly be sued for doing so.
         | 
         | Nvidia is making the same money regardless if a miner or gamer
         | buys their existing cards. They won't be losing any money of
         | 100% of their production goes to gamers. As a game er if this
         | reduces miners interest in the products I want I'd say it's
         | good for me.
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | They _can_ but I doubt the will as I, like the quoted article
           | belive this would lead them to being sued over misleading
           | marketing, just like the 970 3.5G controversy.
           | 
           | Maybe the model number would do it, but I'd imagine it would
           | have to be pretty distinguishing.
        
             | postalrat wrote:
             | They don't need to continue selling existing SKUs. Just
             | change the signing key and SKU and change any misleading
             | advertising they might have.
        
       | nikeee wrote:
       | Does this limitation also affect the use with hashcat or other
       | software that uses OpenCL, for example?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ddtaylor wrote:
       | I don't think Nvidia (or most companies) should be deciding what
       | to do with the tools they sell. I don't want someone telling me
       | what software I can run with my CPU or GPU any more than I want
       | someone telling me what I am allowed to build with the hammers or
       | screwdrivers I buy.
        
       | password321 wrote:
       | Well at least you could say it potentially helps the environment
       | now that you won't have bunch of gamers crypto mining, or does
       | that not matter the moment there is a drawback that affects us?
        
         | logbiscuitswave wrote:
         | I'd argue it's worse for the environment. These so-called
         | mining cards can't be used as regular GPUs since they don't
         | have any outputs - they are compute only. Once they outlive
         | their usefulness they become e-waste since there would be no
         | sustainable secondary market. At least a gaming GPU could be
         | re-sold or otherwise repurposed.
        
           | password321 wrote:
           | https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/csr/product-recycling/
        
       | sparkling wrote:
       | This is why we need open source drivers. Now they are crippling
       | cards for crypto mining, in the future there might be a whole
       | list of other software features that require a paid unlock or
       | even monthly subscription to use the full potential of your own
       | hardware.
        
         | rq1 wrote:
         | I think it's done through firmware.
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | Here's a source:
           | 
           | > According to Bryan Del Rizzo, director of global PR for
           | GeForce, more things are working behind the driver.
           | 
           | > According to Mr. Del Rizzo: "It's not just a driver thing.
           | There is a secure handshake between the driver, the RTX 3060
           | silicon, and the BIOS (firmware) that prevents removal of the
           | hash rate limiter."
           | 
           | https://www.techpowerup.com/278712/nvidia-geforce-
           | rtx-3060-a...
        
             | tibbydudeza wrote:
             | They must be using an eFUSE to differentiate between a
             | gamer and miner GPU , would not make sense to have
             | differing SKU's.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | It's likely they have other subtle differences too. That
               | doesn't mean they can't be worked around.
               | 
               | Mining cards could still produce a display output with
               | Looking Glass style software.
               | 
               | Gaming cards could still mine using modded drivers and
               | firmware or a change in mining algorithm.
        
         | kevingadd wrote:
         | There are already a bunch of other cases like this. For
         | example, the Windows GeForce drivers have been for years (if
         | not decades) loaded with a bunch of shady OpenGL heuristics to
         | punish you if you do stuff that looks like
         | enterprise/industrial rendering (AutoCAD, etc).
         | 
         | For an ordinary game developer this means cheap operations like
         | texture readback will go from taking 1ms to 16ms (bumping your
         | framerate down). The same stuff is consistently fast in
         | Direct3D because enterprise/industrial workloads don't use it.
         | 
         | NVENC for hardware video encoding is also artificially limited
         | on consumer cards, which forces you to buy quadros for
         | scenarios where you want to do multi streaming.
        
       | terhechte wrote:
       | I'm probably going to be downvoted into oblivion but I'm
       | genuinely curious: Does anybody else think that the "mining is
       | bad for the environment and gamers can't buy the cards" argument
       | is a bit weird? After all, if all these cards weren't used for
       | mining but for gaming, wouldn't the environmental outcome be the
       | same?
       | 
       | I mean, is there any inherent upside to burning tons of energy
       | for games vs burning it for a cryptocurrency? How much
       | electricity do all the gaming PCs and gaming consoles in the
       | world consume vs Argentina? To me, it feels a lot like Nascar or
       | Formula one burning tons of fuel.
       | 
       | I don't think that it is somehow bad to play games, but I wonder
       | why the one (crypto) is always criticized into oblivion for the
       | energy consumption, while the other isn't.
        
         | sparkling wrote:
         | How much use does a GPU get in a gaming PC? A few hours per
         | day? In crypto farms these things are running 24/7. Anyway, i
         | still think its a bad move to tell people what they can and can
         | not do with their hardware.
        
         | rq1 wrote:
         | You don't play 24/7.
        
         | throwaway525142 wrote:
         | I would guess that computers used for gaming are turned off
         | most of the time, whereas mining rigs are likely turned on and
         | using much of the GPU at all times?
        
         | almog wrote:
         | > I mean, is there any inherent upside to burning tons of
         | energy for games vs burning it for a cryptocurrency?
         | 
         | You presume the total energy consumption would be the same
         | whereas it'd be more likely that GPUs that are used for mining
         | will be used 24/7 whereas gaming is likely to be performed by a
         | human being who cannot or would not utilize the GPU nearly as
         | many hours of the day.
        
           | badlucklottery wrote:
           | > GPUs that are used for mining will be used 24/7 whereas
           | gaming is likely to be performed by a human being who cannot
           | or would not utilize the GPU nearly as many hours of the day.
           | 
           | Yup. And even if they could utilize them 24/7, gamers
           | generally* won't have 10+ cards going at once.
           | 
           | *:I'm sure someone has some weird 360 degree flight simulator
           | edge case.
        
             | bpicolo wrote:
             | Or say 15,000 cards.
             | 
             | Crypto operations in modern times are not subtle. Margins
             | are razor thin, so it's all about scale and efficiency
        
             | mcny wrote:
             | If you reduce this argument, the best way to help our
             | planet is to have fewer children.
             | 
             | I'd argue the target total fertility rate per woman should
             | be somewhere below one. To hell with economic growth that
             | relies on an ever increasing human population.
        
               | oooooooooooow wrote:
               | I'd much rather change my extremely wasteful (can't
               | overstate how much, from someone that makes an effort to
               | minimize it) lifestyle, and much rather use the force of
               | law so that everyone has to, before advocating or forcing
               | such an asinine policy.
               | 
               | Even if strange when it comes to animals, humanity
               | progresses following rules similar to classic evolution,
               | aka by randomly mixing stuff until something works. We've
               | gotten (only) pretty good at selecting and amplifying
               | what works extremely well, but we still need a steady
               | stream of randomly arranged characteristics to enter the
               | pool. Imagine if the next Newton isn't born (or is born
               | 200 years later) because a couple decided to not have
               | children to "save the planet". Perhaps this figure
               | would've been a key piece in a breakthrough discovery
               | about energy, climate, terraforming, public policy....
               | 
               | I seriously fail to understand anti-natalists.
        
               | mrec wrote:
               | > _I seriously fail to understand anti-natalists_
               | 
               | I think it very much depends on how one experiences life.
               | The two ends of that scale are largely incomprehensible
               | to each other.
               | 
               | Your point about "the next Newton" is unrelated, and IMO
               | misses the mark. It's not coincidence that Newton, Hooke,
               | Boyle etc appeared in the same place at the same time,
               | and it's not because there'd been a crippling shortage of
               | randomly arranged characteristics before that. The right
               | characteristics aren't enough, you also need the leisure
               | to develop them (which implies material surplus) and a
               | society that makes sufficient use of scientific
               | discoveries to value and propagate them. Nobody would
               | have heard of Isaac Newton if he'd been born a
               | subsistence farmer. I'm sure lots of potential Isaac
               | Newtons were, and in many ways that's a tragedy.
        
               | mcny wrote:
               | > The two ends of that scale are largely incomprehensible
               | to each other.
               | 
               | Absolutely. Just to set the record straight, I am not
               | anti-birth and I think I agree with GP more than I
               | disagree. We must do everything we can to reduce the
               | carbon footprint per person. I am just logically
               | following what my parent post said.
               | 
               | I didn't even know the word anti-natalist. I want all
               | children who are born to be healthy and reach their full
               | potential as productive adults. One child is a blessing.
               | Two is also fine (I have a sibling).
               | 
               | At least in a developed country, if someone has eight or
               | more (not born at the same time) children, they are
               | terrorizing the environment in my eyes. I don't see how
               | you can justify that with access to decent healthcare and
               | the infant mortality rate is under ten.
               | 
               | I mean if you live in a place where infant mortality rate
               | is over a hundred (a quick web search shows that IMR in
               | Afghanistan is over 110 which means a hundred and ten die
               | before the age of one of every thousand infants born), I
               | can't imagine the pain and suffering the parents must be
               | going through.
               | 
               | We clearly can do better. The open question is how.
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | On the other hand, GPUs used for mining are typically used at
           | ~60% the power draw and more often in places with cheap and
           | greener electricity.
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | This should be weighted against these mining cards becoming
           | e-waste instead of entering the seccond hand market. The
           | energy used to manufacturea GPU is a significant part of its
           | overall impact.
        
             | falcolas wrote:
             | I don't know anybody who will willingly buy a second hand
             | video card used for mining cryptocurrency. They've been
             | pushed so hard, for so long, that their useful lifespan is
             | pretty much used up. It's a big part of the reason they're
             | being sold and not continued to be used.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | Plenty of second hand mining cards changed hands from
               | miners to gamers two years ago, for the most case the
               | price was very competitive.
               | 
               | Depending on the card some would have been run
               | underclocked and even undervolted. I personally know
               | friends who purchased mining cards that are still up and
               | running.
               | 
               | For miners they're not being sold becuase they're not
               | useful but because they don't have the cash on hand to
               | continue the scale of operation when mining is no longer
               | profitable. It's not that difficult to run the numbers
               | yourself to verify this.
        
         | Lvl999Noob wrote:
         | > is there any inherent upside to burning tons of energy for
         | games vs burning it for a cryptocurrency?
         | 
         | Not an upside, but probably that the mining is mostly done by 1
         | person (or org) who use a lot of energy. A gaming rig probably
         | won't be running 24x7 as max utilization.
        
         | wildpeaks wrote:
         | Gamers use only 1-2 cards at a time and keep them for years,
         | they don't build entire farms running 24/7 that burn out the
         | cards in a short time.
        
         | kall wrote:
         | I would argue that gaming creates a lot more value (joy) per
         | tflophour(?) compared to mining. How many thousands of hours of
         | gaming equals one btc transaction?
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | How do you compare the value of gaming to trustless
           | decentralised gambling or prediction markets? What about to
           | NFT based trading cards? How about decentralised exchanges?
        
           | daniellarusso wrote:
           | I think that depends on when the mining took place.
        
         | kevingadd wrote:
         | Not even the most dedicated gamer is going to burn the amount
         | of electricity a miner does with the same hardware. That's not
         | even considering the number of cards miners purchase...
         | 
         | The number of games that actually cause a modern GPU to hit its
         | maximum TDP is also much lower than you'd think. If vsync is
         | turned on, even a 3060 will trivially hit 60fps on
         | older/simpler games, and modern ones unless the settings are
         | turned way up. Games like Doom Eternal and Counter Strike Go
         | are _incredibly_ well optimized and can easily hit hundreds of
         | frames per second on modern hardware. Likewise if it 's a
         | simple 2D game or more balanced title that leans on the CPU
         | (unless you're using complex shader packs, popular games like
         | Minecraft do a lot of their work on the CPU)
        
         | ThePhysicist wrote:
         | Sure, ultimately gaming is entirely optional, but alas it's no
         | different than other pastimes in that regard. Games make a lot
         | of people very happy though and provide employment to millions
         | (?) of people, so personally I'd put it higher in the needs
         | hierarchy than crypto-currencies. Not being able to buy the
         | latest graphics card due to high demand surely is a "first-
         | world problem", but for NVIDIA it might become a problem if the
         | situation persists, as they risk to anger a lot of loyal
         | customers.
         | 
         | Also, gamers and professional users will likely still buy
         | graphics cards in 5-10 years (and more so), while I'm pretty
         | sure miners will have either given up or switched to more
         | custom solutions like ASICs by then (which has already happened
         | with Bitcoin). So NVIDIA also risks losing a long-term market
         | to please a potential short-lived market, hence I think they do
         | the right thing by trying to disentangle these two market
         | segments for good.
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | > Is this really good news, or is this just Nvidia playing
           | both sides? To be clear, these CMP cards are still the same
           | exact silicon that goes into GeForce and Quadro graphics
           | cards. They don't have video outputs, cooling should be
           | improved (for large-scale data center mining operations), and
           | they're better tuned for efficiency. But every single GPU
           | sold as a CMP card means one less GPU sold as a graphics
           | card. What's perhaps worse is that while miners can still use
           | consumer cards for mining (maybe not the upcoming RTX 3060,
           | depending on how well Nvidia's throttling works), gamers
           | can't use these mining cards for gaming.
           | 
           | > Nvidia does state that these GPUs "don't meet the
           | specifications required of a GeForce GPU and, thus, don't
           | impact the availability of GeForce GPUs to gamers." Frankly,
           | that doesn't mean much. What does Nvidia do with a GPU that
           | normally can't be sold as an RTX 3090? They bin it as a 3080,
           | and GA102 chips that can't meet the 3080 requirements can end
           | up in a future 3070 (or maybe a 3070 Ti). The same goes for
           | the rest of the line. Make no mistake: These are GPUs that
           | could have gone into a graphics card. Maybe not a reference
           | 3060 Ti, 3070, 3080, or 3090, but we've seen TU104 chips in
           | RTX 2060 cards, so anything is possible.
           | 
           | Nivida isn't risking anything.
           | 
           | They boost their sales now by selling mining cards knowing
           | they won't enter the seccond hand market to compete with
           | their new products.
           | 
           | They gain good PR with their mining locked 3060 cards. Gamers
           | praise them without internalising that a number of mining
           | cards would have been binned lower and sold, but instead an
           | artificial restriction allows Nivida to allocate behind the
           | scenes.
        
             | MAGZine wrote:
             | They're actively not winning good pr because gamers realize
             | they're being screwed despite nvidia's rhetoric, and miners
             | can now no longer recoup some money from old cards they no
             | longer need by reselling to gamers. And, everyone realizes
             | how shit this is for the environment.
             | 
             | You can say Nvidia is making a smart business decision
             | (questionable) but to say this isn't anything other than a
             | pr disaster imo is incorrect. The people who were the
             | target of their press releases saw right through it.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | The initial sentiment in hacker news and reddit threads
               | was overwhelmingly positive for nividia and against
               | miners.
               | 
               | Now that some time has passed and Linus (from LTT) has
               | released his video I'd say the sentiment is still mixed.
               | I'm still seeing many tweets praising nividia for finally
               | taking a step for gamers.
               | 
               | Here's an austrilian tech Youtuber who should know
               | better: https://youtu.be/jnoNryem-G8
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | > miners can now no longer recoup some money
               | 
               | Ah, you're a miner? You're worried about their ability to
               | make money?
               | 
               | > gamers realize they're being screwed
               | 
               | How, exactly?
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | > miners can now no longer recoup some money
               | 
               | When it was no longer profitable miners sold their GPUs
               | on the uses market, here is evidence of that:
               | https://youtu.be/plrsxEGYO-A
               | 
               | > gamers realize they're being screwed
               | 
               | Linus Tech Tips' video and the /r/hardware discussion
               | puts this best: https://youtu.be/plrsxEGYO-A
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | It's true that cheap cards were available when bitcoin
               | crashed in 2018. I'm not arguing that cheap cards weren't
               | available. I'm saying the feeling that cheap cards are a
               | huge positive for the gaming community is missing the
               | forest for the trees, and forgetting the pain of what
               | happened before there were cheap cards. Cheap cards came
               | around _eventually_ long after the cards had been
               | unavailable and waaaaay overpriced. It was a relief for
               | gamers that the bubble popped, but on balance, it was not
               | a good thing that they had the bubble.
        
         | josalhor wrote:
         | > Does anybody else think that the "mining is bad for the
         | environment and gamers can't buy the cards" argument is a bit
         | weird? After all, if all these cards weren't used for mining
         | but for gaming, wouldn't the environmental outcome be the same?
         | 
         | I never had that specific opinion, but I have another point of
         | view.
         | 
         | Games bring inherent value to the table. That is, if you didn't
         | play games you would be reading a book, going outside to play,
         | browsing the web... Games fill a purpose and bring value.
         | Whether or not I believe our current consumption of videogames
         | is acceptable is irrelevant.
         | 
         | I don't see tangible value in crypto. Crypto is worth what
         | other people are willing to pay for it. If you wanted to invest
         | in an asset that does not depend on the currency you could buy
         | gold.
         | 
         | (I had a paragraph here making a point about international
         | transaction costs. I removed it because I started to find it
         | offtopic. Long story short: I find the societal cost of crypto
         | way too high).
        
           | aemreunal wrote:
           | > I don't see tangible value in crypto. Crypto is worth what
           | other people are willing to pay for it.
           | 
           | That's pretty much true for anything that has financial
           | value, though. Setting aside the chemical properties of gold
           | (conductivity, resistance to corrosion, etc.) that make it
           | more valuable than some other metals, pretty much every
           | financial construct in human culture is only valuable because
           | we decided it was valuable. That's not to say everything is
           | inherently valueless, but crypto is not too dissimilar to,
           | say, digital coins for a game; you just can't usually swap it
           | back in the latter case so it has little/no tangible value.
           | Similarly, the value of stocks, foreign currency, even money
           | itself fluctuates daily. As long as you can swap it back to
           | "real" money, I see it as having tangible value.
           | 
           | That being said, I personally choose not to get involved in
           | any cryptocurrency because I would rather invest in more
           | "established" forms of value, like stocks and bonds and
           | whatnot.
        
             | josalhor wrote:
             | > That's pretty much true for anything that has financial
             | value, though.
             | 
             | Correct. Maybe a better statement would be "I don't see
             | that the inherent value of crypto is bigger than that of
             | the dollar or gold". This gets even more complicated when
             | you take into account the cost of the transactions that I
             | have discussed with another user.
        
           | social_quotient wrote:
           | How about mining diamonds? (Honest perspective check)
        
             | josalhor wrote:
             | But diamonds do have some pretty awesome mechanical
             | properties [0]. They do have intrinsic value. Sure, the
             | intrinsic value of diamonds < value of diamonds, but at
             | least when you mine diamonds a percentage of it will go
             | into use.
             | 
             | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_properties_of_d
             | iamond
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | Although you may disagree with the current value of most
           | cryptocurrencies would you at least agree that their
           | inhenrant value isn't 0?
           | 
           | Newer projects like Uniswap, AAVE and MakerDAO (for DAI) are
           | uniquely new and novel concepts that can't be accomplished
           | trustlessly without blockchain technology.
           | 
           | Bitcoin has a lot of intangibles (name recognition, trust,
           | hashpower) and for many is a more intersting asset (in what
           | it represents) compared to gold.
        
             | josalhor wrote:
             | > Although you may disagree with the current value of most
             | cryptocurrencies
             | 
             | I would like to clarify something. I didn't say I disagreed
             | with the value of cryptocurrencies (that is, its value in
             | dollars). I said I find their societal cost way too high.
             | In other terms, (Inherent Value of crypto < Societal Costs
             | of crypto).
             | 
             | > would you at least agree that their inhenrant value isn't
             | 0?
             | 
             | I agree with that. Although my previous answer stated "I
             | don't see tangible value in crypto" I suppressed the
             | paragraph that said that crypto may have some inherent
             | value when it comes down to international transactions (or
             | transactions in general). If international transactions in
             | crypto are cheaper than with banks, clearly those who want
             | to make these transactions do see some inherent value in
             | the currency. That is, its value would emerge from its
             | transaction properties.
             | 
             | I did suppress the paragraph because I just don't know
             | enough about the fees of such transactions. I think it is
             | reasonable to expect Banks and Financial entities to offer
             | transaction fees lower than Crypto for all use cases. If
             | that happened, then I just don't see any value in crypto
             | whatsoever.
             | 
             | I have said it a few times on HN: I see more potential into
             | a "Crypto Dollar" than in crypto in general.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | Can you elaborate on what you mean by Societal Costs of
               | crypto?
               | 
               | > I have said it a few times on HN: I see more potential
               | into a "Crypto Dollar" than in crypto in general.
               | 
               | This, and the potential of smart contracts that use the
               | "Crypto Dollar" are where I see the most potential.
        
               | josalhor wrote:
               | > Can you elaborate on what you mean by Societal Costs of
               | crypto?
               | 
               | Here are some of the associated costs of crypto:
               | 
               | - Environmental effects for the energy consumption that
               | is not clean and the corresponding breakeven for clean
               | energy.
               | 
               | - Subsidized costs of energy are a direct cost into
               | governments budget.
               | 
               | - By increasing electricity consumption miners are
               | increasing the demand and therefore the cost. This drives
               | up inequality.
               | 
               | I haven't found a better term than "Societal Costs" that
               | summarizes all these costs.
               | 
               | > This, and the potential of smart contracts that use the
               | "Crypto Dollar" are where I see the most potential.
               | 
               | Absolutely!
        
           | chrisseaton wrote:
           | Presumably people enjoy investing in crypto. It's a hobby for
           | many, like gaming.
        
             | pmiller2 wrote:
             | Presumably, gaming doesn't use as much electricity globally
             | as the entire country of Argentina.
             | 
             | https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-56012952
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | So how much electricity does gaming use?
        
               | Tenoke wrote:
               | Why do you think that? Any stats or are you just
               | guessing? I wouldn't be surprised if it's within an order
               | of magnitude of that.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | _> investing in crypto_
             | 
             | Crypto is an investment the same way $GME or playing the
             | roulette is an investment. Better term would be speculating
             | or gambling. Nothing wrong with either, but let's call it
             | what it is.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | Comparing it to roulette is such a hyperbole. Would you
               | say that penny stocks are playing the roulette? You may
               | argue they have similar odds but there are fundimental
               | differences between them.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | _> Would you say that penny stocks are playing the
               | roulette?_
               | 
               | Where did I talk about penny stocks? I was talking about
               | volatile meme stocks like $GME being like playing the
               | roulette.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | There's still a difference between buying $GME and
               | playing roulette. Volatile as it may be the chance of
               | loosing all of your investment is greatly lower with meme
               | stocks.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Isn't that what I already said? Investing as a hobby?
               | Recreation? Like investing in Pokemon cards?
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | Investing involves spending money with the intent to make
               | financial returns on your investment.
               | 
               | Buying assets "as a hobby" that depreciate or generate no
               | income, is just that, buying for a hobby, not investing.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | People invest in all sorts of things they don't seriously
               | expect a financial return from. Like sports teams.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | Yeah but that's just spending money, not investing.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Well so what? I said people did it as a hobby. They see
               | it as 'investing' like Fantasy Football people are
               | 'playing football'. It's not some mystery!
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | You clearly have a very deep understanding of finance.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Not sure why you've decided to become personal, snarky,
               | and sarcastic like this?
        
             | josalhor wrote:
             | Are you saying there are people out there that are happier
             | investing in "crypto" than in "stock X" or "gold" or
             | "bonds"? It just makes them happier that that particular
             | name appears on the screen?
             | 
             | I don't doubt that is the case, but that kind of reinforces
             | my point. The societal cost of crypto is too high. If we
             | have to justify the electrical consumption of crypto
             | because people enjoy it more when they see its name on
             | their screen, we are clearly doing something wrong.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | I think they enjoy being part of a community and seeing a
               | number go up and down. Like Fantasy Football. It's a
               | hobby.
        
           | pmiller2 wrote:
           | > I don't see tangible value in crypto. Crypto is worth what
           | other people are willing to pay for it. If you wanted to
           | invest in an asset that does not depend on the currency you
           | could buy gold.
           | 
           | Try convincing any crypto "enthusiast" of that, though.
           | Literally none of them have ever been able to explain to me
           | why cryptocurrencies should have value, but that doesn't stop
           | them from proclaiming it the best thing since sliced bread.
        
             | qqii wrote:
             | It comes down to opinion but I'd argue there is inherent
             | value in a trustless medium of exchange, a trustless
             | explicit protocol for lending, market making (exchange) or
             | gambling or the platform that powers them.
             | 
             | I'd also agree that price bubbles happen and future
             | speculation becomes a dominating factor in their price
             | action, but this doesn't mean they don't have inherent
             | value.
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | It isn't trustless. If it's finance, it's trust based at
               | the very core. Somebody is trusting somebody else to
               | recognize the value up for offer, and being capable of
               | converting it to a utilizable form.
               | 
               | This is what crypto-enthusiasts must be blind to. We
               | could be using bottlecaps to do the same bloody thing.
               | Nobody wants to though. Why? Because nobody else takes
               | the value assertion of a bottle cap seriously. As long as
               | people keep buying into the hype, and the enthusiasm is
               | kept up through selective refusal to accept the realities
               | and externalities of the process, then the gravy train
               | continues.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | It's not about trusting if the bottle caps are worth
               | anything or are useful, but if the supply and exchange of
               | bottle caps follows the financial rules that are
               | dictated.
        
             | tiborsaas wrote:
             | Finite resources have value.
        
               | pmiller2 wrote:
               | Crypto isn't a resource. It's a certificate that someone,
               | sometime solved a useless math problem.
        
             | salawat wrote:
             | That's because the value and effectivenesd of
             | cryptocurrencies as an un or poorly regulated store-of-
             | value is dependent on their not being any doubt as to their
             | value.
             | 
             | As with most things in finance, it's all trust at the
             | bottom of it. If there is any doubt, no one will be around
             | to be left with the bag.
        
           | daniellarusso wrote:
           | I was reading your comment and thought 'The original Crysis
           | release was very bad for the environment.'
           | 
           | Does the efficiency with which a game utilizes system
           | resources alter its value?
           | 
           | Sort of the inverse of crypto.
        
         | nonameiguess wrote:
         | There are plenty of good answers addressing the reality that
         | gaming doesn't use anywhere near the same aggregate energy as
         | mining, but to me, the more important difference is that
         | currency of some kind is critical infrastructure. Civilization
         | collapses without it. Right now, civilization won't collapse
         | without cryptocurrency because we can just continue using
         | government-issued currency, but in the crypto endgame where it
         | is actually supposed to replace government-issued legal tender,
         | we've suddenly become reliant on a tremendously inefficient
         | power grid hog. Imagine something like what just happened in
         | Texas happens on a larger scale. Well, now not only do you not
         | have lights at night, but you can't spend money either.
         | 
         | The basic fabric of society is much less reliant on the ability
         | of citizens to play digital games, so losing that ability
         | wouldn't matter much.
         | 
         | Running with the Nascar/Formula One analogy, those things
         | aren't such a huge deal because they're niche applications of
         | vehicle technology. It would be far more disastrous for society
         | at large, on the other hand, if we decided to make all commuter
         | vehicles get 2 MPG and require high octane fuel and new tires
         | every two hours.
         | 
         | Similarly, cryptocurrency is (relatively) harmless right now
         | because it is a niche speculative commodity. It would be a
         | global disaster if it ever became widely used as actual
         | currency. Cryptocurrencies are like castles, gaudy but
         | interesting spectacles when only a few lords build them, but
         | the world would quickly run out of rocks if we made them the
         | universal unit of housing.
        
         | A12-B wrote:
         | To play one game for one day with your GPU - and I'm just
         | guessing here - probably uses a small fraction of the power
         | that mining 0.0001% of a bitcoin does, because blockchain is
         | not the same thing as graphics.
         | 
         | Besides, it's also the transacting that uses a lot of energy,
         | not just the mining.
        
         | thejosh wrote:
         | Because when the crypto card is done it goes on the trash, when
         | a gaming card is done it gets resold. People upgrading sell
         | their old cards on FB market place etc
        
         | robkop wrote:
         | We can do some quick estimates to compare (using a 3090 because
         | I helped a friend do a bit of mining on theirs and I know what
         | figures are plausible):
         | 
         | First some variables:                 RTX3090 idle power usage
         | = 21  Watts       RTX3090 mining power usage = 270 Watts
         | RTX3090 gaming power usage = 350 Watts
         | 
         | Mining energy usage:                 270W \* 24H = 6.48 kWH per
         | day
         | 
         | Gaming energy usage:                 (low, 1  hour  per day)
         | 350W \* 1H + 21W \* 23H = 0.37 kWH per day       (med, 4  hours
         | per day)  350W \* 4H + 21W \* 20H = 1.82 kWH per day
         | (hig, 8  hours per day)  350W \* 8H + 21W \* 16H = 3.14 kWH per
         | day       (ext, 18 hours per day)  350W \* 18H + 21W \* 6H =
         | 6.43 kWH per day
         | 
         | So even with someone who I'd consider a high volume gamer (8
         | hours per day) uses less than half the energy of running a
         | miner for a day. You'd have to game for over 18 hours per day
         | to use more energy than a miner. Of course both the gamer and
         | the miner end up using a chunk of metal and plastic that will
         | end up in a landfill so that bit counts the same.
         | 
         | Note: From what general figures I've seen online the energy
         | works out roughly the same for the rest of the recent RTX
         | series cards (some such as the 3060Ti work out a few % more
         | favourable for mining as they are more energy efficient
         | overall)
        
           | deepakhj wrote:
           | Why not both? I'm paying for my card by mining when I'm not
           | gaming. I checked with a watt meter and I'm using 270-300
           | watts mining total (cpu, gpu, etc). It also heats my room so
           | it's more efficient than running a heater or using a space
           | heater (1500 watts).
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | Good comparison though it misses some externalities.
           | 
           | Gamers also use monitors(~40W) for many hours a day, and run
           | the whole machine with 1 card while many miners minimize all
           | other costs but the GPUs. Also gamers typically damage their
           | cards a bit faster and change them for newer ones faster on
           | average (miners keep mining with very old cards still).
        
         | meibo wrote:
         | How much bitcoin do you own?
        
         | Bayart wrote:
         | I think it's a pretty lazy and complacent argument, to the
         | extent energy-constrained industries are the ones driving the
         | adoption of renewable energy. The price of coal is much, much
         | higher than solar, wind, hydro or geothermal.
        
         | _trampeltier wrote:
         | I use my card during just during winter for mining and
         | calculated the energy for mining just under "heating my
         | apartment". So the coins are just some bonus from heating. So
         | in future I couldn't do that with an Nvidia card.
        
         | Merad wrote:
         | > After all, if all these cards weren't used for mining but for
         | gaming, wouldn't the environmental outcome be the same?
         | 
         | I would assume miners keep these cards pegged at 100% 24/7. By
         | comparison very few games actually push graphics cards to 100%
         | utilization, especially when you're talking about top of the
         | line cards like the nVidia 3000 series, and on top of that very
         | few people play games for more than a couple hours per day. A
         | card in the hands of a gamer probably consumes only a small
         | fraction of the power that same card would in the hands of
         | miners.
        
         | znpy wrote:
         | > After all, if all these cards weren't used for mining but for
         | gaming, wouldn't the environmental outcome be the same?
         | 
         | No. Really, no.
         | 
         | Mining hardware is just trash when new hardware is released,
         | pretty much immediately.
         | 
         | OTOH, gaming hardware very often has a second life in the form
         | of used hardware and lower-specced gaming computers. Don't be
         | fooled by YouTube influencers, most of the real people won't be
         | buying the latest and greatest hardware and drop their previous
         | hardware. IIRC, valve stats showed that 1080-era cards are
         | still very common and in use.
         | 
         | And by the way: pretty much no one is running games 24/7.
         | Mining hardware OTOH are specifically meant to be kept going
         | 24/7.
        
           | csomar wrote:
           | > Mining hardware is just trash when new hardware is
           | released, pretty much immediately.
           | 
           | How come? You can still game with these.
        
             | qqii wrote:
             | No you can't, as the article explains these cards don't
             | have display outputs.
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | >Mining hardware is just trash when new hardware is released,
           | pretty much immediately.
           | 
           | Except people are still mining with cards they bought 4-5
           | years ago. This is not True.
        
             | qqii wrote:
             | Some people are, but we also saw a flood of both normal and
             | mining only cards in the used market last time the mining
             | bubble burst.
        
         | Sonnen wrote:
         | Gaming gives people enjoyment. They are not consuming other
         | energy sources and to a certain degree, i think this is okay.
         | 
         | It also combines and supports advantages in science by making
         | this more affordable for the rest.
         | 
         | You can still critizie it and there have been huge energy
         | savings for idle GPUs which was not the case 10? years ago.
         | 
         | Nonetheless, one thing doesn't make the other thing better or
         | worse. Doing bitcoin is supporting a system which requires
         | mining to make transactions. It also doesn't free me but
         | potentially people who benefit from this directly. Like money
         | washing, moving their millions from left to right or other
         | things. And while doing that, taking my graphicscard, i wanted
         | to play with, to sit somehwere, running 24/7 for what?
         | 
         | What real problem solves bitcoin for me and most other people
         | on the world?
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | Trustless prediction markets and gambling.
           | 
           | Trustless exchanges and lending (including tokens pegged to
           | real world assets like the dollar or stocks).
           | 
           | NFTs as digital proof of ownership.
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | >They are not consuming other energy sources and to a certain
           | degree, i think this is okay.
           | 
           | Both are using energy, I don't know what the 'other' even r
           | refers to.
           | 
           | >It also combines and supports advantages in science by
           | making this more affordable for the rest.
           | 
           | .. Both of those apply for crypto. Better GPUs are developed
           | because of usage, gaming usage doesn't necessarily give you
           | more than crypto usage and cryptocurrencies are putting a lot
           | of money into cryptography.
        
         | leovailati wrote:
         | Other people in this thread bring up great counterpoints.
         | Namely, gaming is not nearly as intensive as mining and
         | whatever value gaming brings to society is more than that of
         | mining.
         | 
         | I'd also say that gaming at least occupies the human who is
         | playing. Mining would be running in the background: the human
         | would still be consuming energy doing something else. So one
         | doesn't replace the other. Therefore using the inefficiency of
         | one to justify the inefficiency of the other is not a valid
         | argument.
         | 
         | One last observation: you're assuming that all these video
         | cards would still have been produced. Maybe production of
         | hardware has gone up to serve the mining demand.
        
       | pornel wrote:
       | I have no sympathy for miners, but purely from software freedom
       | perspective this is maximally evil: closed-source software that
       | decides what you can use your hardware for.
       | 
       | The CMP version is a straight-to-landfill product. As soon as it
       | stops being profitable for mining it will have zero resale value,
       | and become e-waste.
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | As the counter point, I, as a consumer of a GPU for non-mining
         | purposes, appreciates the effort so demand is reduced for a
         | product by a certain market segment - and thus allows the price
         | to not be influenced by the demand of a decentralized, global
         | MLM scheme.
         | 
         | Also, you just don't buy that hardware - so it's not "what you
         | can use your hardware for" - unless they're retroactively
         | updating drivers to prevent the same use of already purchased
         | projects.
         | 
         | I'd argue your concern is an issue only due to patents that may
         | prevent a competitor from coming in and making a competing
         | product if the main producers are engaging in bad behaviours.
         | 
         | Edit to add: I love the downvotes - they're such a strong way
         | to sway someone's thoughts on something, so much effort gets
         | put into clicking a downvote too - it must be serious business!
        
           | salawat wrote:
           | You shouldn't be, as this is yet another example of a company
           | exploiting cryptographic signing and information asymmetry in
           | order to lock you out of functional capability that you paid
           | good money for.
           | 
           | That abusive practice is the only thing enabling this kind of
           | business pivot. The pivot also doesn't even achieve what
           | Nvidia claims to be setting out for, because they are
           | splitting already limited capacity to support two distinct
           | product lines thereby halving the overall supply available.
           | If anything, this is just making sure everyone pays inflated
           | prices due to scarcity.
        
           | LMYahooTFY wrote:
           | >global MLM scheme.
           | 
           | What I'll say is that the absurdity of this trite dismissal
           | presents a large undertaking for anyone to begin to try and
           | teach you what cryptocurrencies are.
           | 
           | Most of the silicon valley billionaires acknowledge it as a
           | promising technology, if that doesn't warrant some serious
           | (read: many hours of difficult reading) consideration than
           | expecting strangers on a message board to help you do it
           | seems a bit entitled.
           | 
           | I'll grant you that trite dismissal of cryptocurrencies in
           | general is quite common on HN.
        
             | loceng wrote:
             | "What I'll say is that the absurdity of this trite
             | dismissal ..."
             | 
             | Are you talking about your trite dismissal of my stating
             | it's a global MLM scheme - which it fits the pattern for
             | precisely? And also a Ponzi scheme because the final latest
             | adopters are left holding the bag - meanwhile wealth was
             | unnecessarily transferred weighted towards the earliest
             | adopters.
             | 
             | Blockchain is a promising technology, designing it like
             | Bitcoin to align people through financial gain (of an MLM)
             | has unavoidable-unfixable pitfalls. You're welcome to go
             | through my comment history to read more about the actual
             | solution. You're making assumptions too that my stating
             | it's an MLM scheme isn't backed up.
             | 
             | I find it hilarious, the irony, of you claiming my comment
             | is a trite dismissal - as yours has exactly the same depth
             | as mine, with the only truth you state is that blockchain
             | is a "promising technology."
             | 
             | Your holier-than-thou defensive comments, articulated
             | almost poetically, is getting more common though - as the
             | more intelligent sucked into the MLM scheme get defensive
             | and their guard goes up - feeling the need to defend their
             | position, needing the price of Bitcoin to go up and up and
             | up; while you're financially incentivized to write and
             | spend energy, and others like myself with counter-
             | narratives aren't financially incentivized to do so.
        
               | LMYahooTFY wrote:
               | >meanwhile wealth was unnecessarily transferred weighted
               | towards the earliest adopters.
               | 
               | How many companies and technologies is this true or? Does
               | this make them all MLM schemes?
               | 
               | Nothing about your response indicates you're giving me a
               | generous interpretation at all, especially given how much
               | of this response is you dumping rhetoric on me. Being
               | snarky and in the same breath elaborately calling me
               | "holier-than-thou" seems like we're just going to have a
               | name calling arms race.
               | 
               | Similarly, the notion that more intelligent people are
               | 'sucked in and defensive' is the true explanation, and
               | you don't seem receptive to another interpretation to
               | intelligent people thinking a technology is
               | promising...it seems we may as well just leave it here.
               | Thanks for your time.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | It's entirely possible to extract value from a stock if
               | the company represented by a stock is doing productive
               | work.
               | 
               | Companies exist to make a profit and many of them do so
               | by providing a service or by selling goods. The profit is
               | paid out through dividends or stock buy backs. As an
               | owner of a stock you have to do absolutely nothing to
               | extract value from that stock. The company is
               | automatically paying out money to you. There is no need
               | to worry about finding a future buyer of your stock
               | because you are assuming that people are analyzing the
               | value of the company and buying it based on that
               | analysis, because if the company keeps doing stock
               | buybacks forever eventually your shares will be the only
               | ones left and if you sell your shares you have cashed out
               | your money without selling to a different investor.
               | 
               | With Bitcoin there are no dividends or buybacks. The only
               | way you can realize value from Bitcoin as an investment
               | is by hoping another investor is buying it from you.
               | These complaints apply to gold as well. It doesn't
               | generate revenue, it produces little value beyond
               | industrial uses, all it should do is track inflation and
               | tracking inflation is a very low bar and in practice
               | cryptocurrencies and gold are outpacing inflation. Stocks
               | too but if you were to invest based on fundamentals there
               | will be a day in the future when your analysis will be
               | spot on. Fundamentals would tell you to stay away from
               | Tesla stock.
               | 
               | But this isn't where problems end, it's where they start.
               | Currencies are not supposed to appreciate. They are
               | supposed to stay the same over long periods of time with
               | a small amount of inflation (around 2%). Bitcoin failed
               | to become a currency and that's why it's worthless.
               | 
               | >you don't seem receptive to another interpretation to
               | intelligent people thinking a technology is promising
               | 
               | I know you are not talking about me but I specifically
               | stated that literally any other cryptocurrency other than
               | Bitcoin is fine, even Ethereum is better than Bitcoin.
               | The insistence that a single specific flawed
               | cryptocurrency is worthy of defense is what really
               | irritates me. There is no need to defend Bitcoin. Stop
               | defending it. You can talk about any other
               | cryptocurrency. You can talk about decentralized apps,
               | you can talk about lightning, you can talk about defi,
               | you can talk about uniswap or rubic, you can talk about
               | prediction markets. Please, talk about anything other
               | than Bitcoin and if you do talk about Bitcoin recognize
               | its flaws and weaknesses.
        
               | loceng wrote:
               | I specifically even said blockchain is a promising
               | technology - not receptive? LUL
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | >I'll grant you that trite dismissal of cryptocurrencies in
             | general is quite common on HN.
             | 
             | The unfortunate reality is that Bitcoin advocates all sound
             | like people who bought into an MLM scheme. They desperately
             | convince others that it has value and should go up.
        
         | lwhi wrote:
         | I agree. It's a bad move.
         | 
         | Provide a better product for mining .. don't cripple what's out
         | there.
         | 
         | This feels similar to when Nurofen tried to repackage generic
         | drugs for different types of pain. I.e. ultimately a branding
         | exercise.
         | 
         | --
         | 
         | Edit: spelling and s/paracetamol/generic drugs
        
           | oarsinsync wrote:
           | > Nerofen tried to repackage generic paracetamol
           | 
           | Nurofen, and ibuprofen. I assume it's a winning strategy as
           | the products have been on sale for an (un)reasonable amount
           | of time in some countries now.
        
           | throw14082020 wrote:
           | I appreciate this move to make GPUs more available for non-
           | crypto users. As someone who wants to buy an AMD GPU to run
           | my Ryzen machine, I have been waiting 2 weeks because there
           | is no supply of GPUs at the RRP price. I can only buy the 2
           | year old models for double the price they sold for.
        
             | deepakhj wrote:
             | There's a global chip shortage due to
             | 
             | 1) covid-19. Factory closures, employee, and supply chain
             | issues. 2) 30-40% growth in gaming due to covid-19 3) trump
             | tariffs (for the USA). Gpu exemption expired in January.
             | 
             | Crypto is affecting prices but they aren't causing the
             | supply issues. I don't think amd has produced many
             | 6800/6900s. Ryzen 5800/5900 cpus are rarely in stock.
        
             | iforgotpassword wrote:
             | We have a global chip shortage. NVidia isn't magically
             | pulling more GPUs out of their asses. Yes as they claim
             | some chips might be defective in a way that makes them
             | unsuitable for a graphics card but still work as a mining
             | chip, but if you believe that they won't redirect perfectly
             | fine chips into mining card production if demand permits
             | it, just because they care so much about gamers and not
             | their shareholders, I got bad news for you.
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | The mining GPUs that they announced aren't based on
               | Ampere but on Turing AFAIK from the hash rate numbers
               | that they gave.
               | 
               | Not even the same manufacturing process...
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | Mining demand is volatile and will use whatever gives
               | them best hashing/$ ratio - pissing miners off might lose
               | you some cash short term but gamers are much more
               | susceptible to branding, and not to mention devs optimise
               | for popular hardware - if AMD suddenly became a major
               | market % holder in the gaming market because NV shipped
               | their silicon to miners, once mining dips down they get
               | slammed. And if they are hoping production will ramp up
               | to match demand some time in the future they still want
               | to have a winning product.
        
             | galangalalgol wrote:
             | How long until gpgpu isn't cost effective for mining? I
             | know a lot of fpgas went on ebay for cheap when the new
             | xilinx line came out. The watt per hash has to be lower for
             | fpgas already. Will the cost of a coin always reflect the
             | current price to make a new one and thus gpgpu will always
             | be a cost effective technique?
        
               | ryebit wrote:
               | I think right now biggest earner for GPU mining is
               | Ethereum. And (I think) it's aiming to move to Proof of
               | Stake sometime in next 12-24 months, which kinda time
               | limits the utility of both Eth-specific mining chips, and
               | large investments in GPU mining (unless mining burns GPUs
               | out really fast?).
               | 
               | Regardless, most proof of work algorithms are already
               | being optimized with ASICs (ala bitcoin)... Or, like
               | Ethereum's ETHASH alg, they have a step requiring high
               | throughput random access to large amounts of memory, ala
               | scrypt or argon (5gb or so for ETHASH right now, and
               | slowly increasing). That's what's kept ASICs from being
               | profitable for Eth, and is probably limiting factor for
               | FPGAs as well. Though maybe there are FPAGs with
               | dedicated memory on par with a modern GPU?
        
               | kortex wrote:
               | Proof of stake is the fusion power of crypto. It's been
               | 6-24 months away since what, 2016? I toured Consensys a
               | few years back and at the time it seemed PoS was right
               | around the corner.
               | 
               | OTOH, it could be cracked tomorrow and value of dedicated
               | silicon will go off a cliff. So I don't blame the GPGPU
               | crowd for that, before even considering the engineering
               | challenges of silicon/FPGA for eth.
        
               | ryebit wrote:
               | Ethereum's Proof of Stake "beacon chain" is already live,
               | with around $6 billion staked (since launch in december
               | 2020). Next year is just formalizing and testing it
               | taking over from the miners. So despite timeframe,
               | there's little uncertainty about the outcome.
               | 
               | https://beaconcha.in/ is a nice explorer to see beacon
               | chain running live.
        
               | csunbird wrote:
               | GPUs have a resale value on second hand market, ASICs or
               | FPGAs usually do not, unless sold to other miners.
        
               | throwaway-8c93 wrote:
               | A question out of genuine curiosity: Doesn't the nonce
               | puzzle difficulty adjust to the amount of compute the
               | network has, making it a zero sum game? If every mining
               | pool buys 20% extra GPUs, isn't everyone soon back where
               | they started, wasting hundreds of millions in the
               | process?
        
               | ryebit wrote:
               | I'm not an expert at the mechanism design, but yeah,
               | that's my understanding. The network's goal is to have a
               | block every X seconds; and the difficulty periodically
               | adjusts if blocks come in too fast / too slow (due to
               | hashpower coming on/off line).
               | 
               | (Ethereum & Bitcoin both add some other year-decade
               | timeframe factors to the difficulty, but don't think it
               | affects this basic principle, which acts on week-to-
               | minute timeframes).
               | 
               | I view it as a race to the margins. Anyone who can do it
               | cheaper, or benefit from economy of scale, will get a
               | larger slice of the pie, but at smaller margins...
               | creating a cycle of consolidation.
               | 
               | I think original assumption was that folks running PoW at
               | home on their GPUs would be able to compete, but due to
               | efficiencies of specialized hardware and regional
               | differences in electricity costs, that's just not the
               | case.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | Others might disagree, but my personal opinion is that
               | this isn't a sustainable way to maintain
               | decentralization, since it seems to obviously trend
               | towards a few large "just turning a profit" players.
               | 
               | There might be some ways to adjust mining incentives to
               | make it work, but this fundmental issue is why I think
               | Proof of Stake has a much more viable future, as it
               | sidesteps this (and the environmental) issues.
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | So nvidia is releasing a line of crippled cards that will
               | mostly only be used for one year amd then trashed? That
               | is horrible! Glad it may be over soon I guess.
        
               | ryebit wrote:
               | Pretty much, from what I can tell!
               | 
               | I sorta see this as Nvidia trying to create some market
               | segmentation not for the miners, but so gamers can
               | actually get their cards before Nvidia loses mindshare.
               | (Not that I think that's likely)
        
           | thangngoc89 wrote:
           | The product is named Nurofen and its generic name is
           | ibuprofen .
           | 
           | If you want to talk about acetaminophen/paracetamol than
           | brand names would be Efferalgan or Tylenol
        
             | lwhi wrote:
             | I'm a UK citizen. We don't have those brand here.
             | 
             | You're right, Nurofen contains ibuprofen in it's main
             | product range, not paracetamol.
             | 
             | The point is a generic drug was branded to solve specific
             | ailments, when it acts in exactly the same way in all
             | cases.
        
               | jon-wood wrote:
               | With the exciting side effect that some people don't
               | realise they're taking ibuprofen so they take ibuprofen +
               | Neurofen Back Pain Relief, and end up overdosing.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | boulos wrote:
         | Is that true? I imagine it's going to be immediately reused for
         | folks who just want cheap CUDA parts.
        
         | 29athrowaway wrote:
         | You mean like having to login to Facebook to use Oculus
         | hardware?
        
         | vsareto wrote:
         | >As soon as it stops being profitable for mining it will have
         | zero resale value, and become e-waste.
         | 
         | There's lots of old graphics cards no one sells or buys as well
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | There are, but these could be thrown put in a matter of
           | weeks. As soon as bitcoin prices crash again, these cards are
           | junk. By the time the next boom happens there will be a new
           | generation of cards and these will be unprofitable. Nvidia is
           | simply leveraging this predictable boom-bust cycle to make a
           | quick buck selling a polluting product. This is Captain
           | Planet-style environmental arrogance.
        
             | pmorici wrote:
             | These cards aren't being used to mine bitcoin gpu mining
             | hasn't been applicable to Bitcoin since at least 2014.
             | These cards are being used to Ming alt coins
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | Whatever the coin, it is all the same crypto market. The
               | crash will come one day soon and these cards will be in
               | dumpsters.
        
               | LMYahooTFY wrote:
               | This comment doesn't even make sense.
               | 
               | What does "the same crypto market" mean?
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | The same as any other industry. The coins are all tied
               | together in the same manner as something like the auto
               | industry, biotech, aviation or real estate. Individual
               | prices can rise and fall on their own merits, but there
               | is a larger tide as investors choose to move their money
               | in/out of the entire sector.
        
               | LMYahooTFY wrote:
               | Thank you for clarifying, this makes more sense.
        
         | quickthrowman wrote:
         | > The CMP version is a straight-to-landfill product. As soon as
         | it stops being profitable for mining it will have zero resale
         | value, and become e-waste.
         | 
         | You are aware that this already happens to BTC ASICs when the
         | new generation of ASIC comes out, right? Straight to the
         | landfill. BTC is very wasteful, this is not new.
        
           | jagger27 wrote:
           | The difference being that NVIDIAs dies were otherwise usable
           | for other tasks, unlike Bitcoin SHA ASICs.
        
         | martinald wrote:
         | Surely it would be worth the same as the normal RTX 3060? It
         | will have the same use for gaming?
        
           | Hedepig wrote:
           | I might be wrong but I do not believe these are usable as
           | "normal" graphics cards
        
           | robkop wrote:
           | They are removing all the display ports from the card so I
           | can't imagine it can be used for gaming.
        
             | PartiallyTyped wrote:
             | It can be. NVDA's stance is utter bull. It is entirely
             | possible to render video games and stream them to another
             | display [1,2]
             | 
             | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TY4s35uULg4
             | 
             | [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1nok2VlF1M
             | 
             | [3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfIibTBaoMM
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | It will be possible but as your third video suggests the
               | number of cards that'll be used this way and not end up
               | as landfill will be peanuts.
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | I don't disagree, but I suppose the structure of my
               | comment didn't convey the message correctly, that is,
               | that NVDA is just maximizing profits while screwing over
               | gamers because a) they can get away with it and b) they
               | are an ever decreasing portion of their revenue.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | Wait, how did you arrive at 'screwing over gamers' when
               | this whole thing was done to keep 3060 cards available to
               | gamers at reasonable prices?
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | The argument is simple really. By intentionally dropping
               | the hashrate, you reduce the incentive to buy the GPUs
               | for mining. This means that when or if the mining craze
               | stops akin to 2018, there would be plenty of second hand
               | 3xxx series cards to go around, which would only hurt
               | NVDA's pocket. Recall that during the previous craze,
               | NVDA was stuck with a huge inventory of GPUs after the
               | craze ended, inventory that can not be recycled. IIRC
               | they announced that they have more GPUs from 1xxx series
               | available, iirc 1050tis.
               | 
               | NVDA's stance is that miners are the reason for scarce
               | GPUs, but it is not. There has been scarcity since the
               | 3xxx series was announced, similarly for AMD. The reality
               | is that there is simply not enough silicon being
               | produced; with AAPL hogging TSM's 5nm for a year, AMD and
               | NVDA competing for 7nm wafers for AMD's CPUs, GPUs, and
               | the console's SOCs and for NVDA's GPUs, and soon to be
               | joined by INTC.
               | 
               | By cutting 3xxx production for gaming to accommodate
               | crypto they ensure that there won't be second hand gpus
               | flooding the market and eating their profits once the
               | craze is over. Why is that? because it will not be as
               | cost effective to miners to buy 3060s instead of the
               | dedicated chips because of lower performance per watt.
               | Once the craze is over, the miners won't be able to
               | liquidate their dedicated cards, thus, the demand for
               | GPUs for gaming remains intact, thus, they will be able
               | to sell their 3xxx series and 4xxx series without getting
               | screwed over by second hands and they will not be stuck
               | with a huge inventory as was the case in 2018.
               | 
               | Edit:
               | 
               | Infact, the second hand 3060s would outcompete anything
               | NVDA could offer in 1080p and 1440p gaming and anything
               | NVDA could release with their 4xxx cards. In addition,
               | there isn't enough incentive to even go beyond 1080p or
               | 1440p for gaming. Which is why you will see NVDA pushing
               | how great 4k and even 8k gaming is with their recent
               | publicity stunt for 8k gaming on a 3090.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | What you're asking for is to get royally screwed by
               | miners now - _again_ - just so you _might_ have the
               | chance to get a cheap and very-used card later. And
               | you're blaming Nvidia for losing this imagined
               | opportunity a year from now.
               | 
               | Right, like you point out, in 2018, Nvidia was making a
               | lot of money on leftover 1080s. And they're proposing to
               | not do that this time. Are you suggesting that gamers are
               | going to bypass a $330 card for a year in hopes that
               | mining will crash and they can get a used one for $200
               | that's been running hot for an entire year, and then
               | after waiting, give up on that and buy a brand new GPU?
               | 
               | > The reality is that there is simply not enough silicon
               | being produced.
               | 
               | You say potato, I say demand. You're hand-wavily
               | suggesting that mining is not affecting supply at all.
               | That's just not true. Mining demand is making an already
               | bad problem (for gamers) much worse, just like it did
               | last time.
               | 
               | What is the huge profit windfall you're suggesting
               | happens after this current mining bubble pops? Nvidia
               | isn't going to have an oversupply of cards to sell, and
               | they aren't hiking the price of the 3060.
               | 
               | This all seems completely speculative too. You're
               | complaining about a supposed future problem, and ignoring
               | what this does for gamers today.
               | 
               | And it's weird to frame this as gamers being screwed by
               | Nvidia just because there _could_ have been some awesome
               | second hand market later. The fact is that gamers were
               | totally screwed by miners in the first place when cards
               | weren't available for a year and the second hand prices
               | were quadruple the list price. It's not a huge gift to
               | gamers that the market is flooded with cheap leftovers
               | after they were hosed and frustrated and extorted by
               | miners for a year or two.
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | > What you're asking for is to get royally screwed by
               | miners now - again - just so you might have the chance to
               | get a cheap and very-used card later. And you're blaming
               | Nvidia for losing this imagined opportunity a year from
               | now.
               | 
               | Re very used: no. Cards used for mining are a)
               | undervolted and b) underclocked, both increase lifespan
               | and I'd take them over an overclocked card used for
               | gaming, plus they don't run that hot because at those
               | scales cooling is expensive.
               | 
               | > Right, like you point out, in 2018, Nvidia was making a
               | lot of money on leftover 1080s. And they're proposing to
               | not do that this time.
               | 
               | I never said NVDA was making money off leftover 1080s
               | because there weren't left over 1080s, it was 1050tis
               | which they are selling off again. The same 1050tis that
               | they held onto during 2018.
               | 
               | > Are you suggesting that gamers are going to bypass a
               | $330 card for a year in hopes that mining will crash and
               | they can get a used one for $200 that's been running hot
               | for an entire year, and then after waiting, give up on
               | that and buy a brand new GPU?
               | 
               | As I mentioned above, mining GPUs are usually in better
               | conditions than in some dusty and improperly cooled rig
               | and, simply put, there aren't $330 cards for anyone to
               | buy. If people wish to buy $330 cards, they can buy them,
               | but for me, at 21x9 1080p@60 there is no reason to
               | upgrade from my used 1080ti, and had I really needed
               | something better, I'd consider a used 3060.
               | 
               | > You say potato, I say demand. You're hand-wavily
               | suggesting that mining is not affecting supply at all.
               | That's just not true. Mining demand is making an already
               | bad problem (for gamers) much worse, just like it did
               | last time.
               | 
               | I never said mining isn't affecting demand but, a) the
               | crypto rally started loooong after NVDA had supply
               | issues, b) Amd has supply issues with their CPUs and they
               | are utterly irrelevant to mining, c) this generation of
               | consoles made with the same wafers can't meet the demand.
               | The demand was there before this cycle of mining frenzy.
               | 
               | > What is the huge profit windfall you're suggesting
               | happens after this current mining bubble pops? Nvidia
               | isn't going to have an oversupply of cards to sell, and
               | they aren't hiking the price of the 3060.
               | 
               | They won't because they are artificially limiting the
               | hashrate, and they are producing more chips for mining.
               | Last time around, people managed to get around the no
               | display issue and could game on "mining gpus" (see Linus
               | Tech Tips, they have 2 videos on the topic), but now NVDA
               | is locking people outside with firmware making reusing
               | mining gpus impossible.
               | 
               | I am complaining exactly because NVDA is taking care of
               | their shareholders and their bottom lines. I am
               | complaining because it goes against my interests.
               | 
               | Gamers are not screwed by miners, gamers are screwed
               | because the pandemic caused a huge influx of people
               | demanding chips, so much so, that even automotive
               | manufactures can't find chips.
               | 
               | I am tired of this conversation and you are either taking
               | my sentences out of context and blow them out of
               | proportion.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | > I am complaining because it goes against my interests.
               | 
               | So you are already certain you want to buy a used 3060
               | next year?
               | 
               | > I never said mining isn't affecting demand
               | 
               | You said "NVDA's stance is that miners are the reason for
               | scarce GPUs, but it is not."
               | 
               | > the crypto rally started loooong after NVDA had supply
               | issues
               | 
               | This is irrelevant. You mean _this time_ , right? There
               | wasn't a supply problem last time before bitcoin miners
               | bought everything. It doesn't make any difference to
               | gamers which contributor to scarcity came first, when
               | you're talking about 3060 sales that haven't started yet.
               | 
               | > I am tired of this conversation and you are either
               | taking my sentences out of context and blow them out of
               | proportion.
               | 
               | I think you're taking this entire issue out of context
               | and blowing it out of proportion. You claimed gamers are
               | being screwed, when they're not, they're actually being
               | helped. Many gamers here and on other threads are happy
               | that Nvidia is taking steps to curb miner scalping of the
               | 3060. The change here is to a single model, the 3060.
               | Segmenting that market over this single model helps
               | gamers today, and is not going to kill the second hand
               | market for gaming cards. All other models will be
               | untouched, and the 3060 will still be available second
               | hand.
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | > So you are already certain you want to buy a used 3060
               | next year?
               | 
               | I wanted to buy a graphics card to run my models. I don't
               | have the $$$ to buy a datacenter card for it and in
               | general, I am affected by the demand and the scalpers. I
               | was considering 3060 because my models are small and it
               | is faster than my 1080ti, but at 21x9 1080p@60hz, it's
               | not an upgrade for my gaming experience because that is
               | capped by the monitor, and I am really not willing to buy
               | a new monitor.
               | 
               | > You said "NVDA's stance is that miners are the reason
               | for scarce GPUs, but it is not."
               | 
               | The reason is mentioned before, too much demand for
               | chips, not enough fabrication. You instead, blame the
               | scarcity on mining, mining is part of the demand but is
               | not the main factor.
               | 
               | Linus and many others, me included, disagree with your
               | opinion that NVDA is helping gamers. NVDA does not care
               | about gamers, they are a corporation, they care for their
               | bottom line and their stock price.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | > Linus and many others, me included, disagree with your
               | opinion that NVDA is helping gamers. NVDA does not care
               | about gamers, they are a corporation, they care for their
               | bottom line and their stock price.
               | 
               | This argument that Nvidia is a company is a straw man.
               | Valve is as much a corporation that doesn't care about
               | gamers as Nvidia. I guarantee that Nvidia cares about
               | gamers, precisely because gamers have a huge influence on
               | NVDA's stock price and bottom line.
               | 
               | I love Linux, but Linus has a vested interest in opposing
               | Nvidia in public, and has a long history of making
               | inflammatory remarks, even to people he works with. Using
               | his opinion as support of your claims here undermines the
               | credibility of the discussion, as far as I'm concerned.
               | 
               | To attempt to move the goalpost back to where _you_ first
               | placed them, the question here is whether reserving 3060
               | sales for gamers is good or bad for gamers. You claim it
               | 's bad for gamers vs the second hand market next year,
               | and I claim it's good for gamers vs the first hand market
               | today. We haven't actually disagreed about this yet,
               | because you haven't addressed how your opinion affects
               | gamers right now.
               | 
               | I agree that this might lead to a different second hand
               | market next year. It is true that the second hand sales
               | next year might not be as low without first having a big
               | mining bubble that first prices gamers out and then
               | crashes. I just don't believe that cheap cards later
               | makes up for what miners have already done to you. If you
               | do, it seems like you're ignoring some of the big
               | downsides of what's happened before and what's happening
               | now.
               | 
               | > I am affected by the demand and the scalpers. I was
               | considering 3060
               | 
               | If you want to buy a 3060 now, I don't understand why you
               | can't see the CMP announcement as a good thing for you
               | and your own bottom line.
               | 
               | If you want to buy a used, mined 3060 later, and give
               | your money to a miner and not Nvidia, then I do
               | understand your points.
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | I am referring to this [1] Linus, not Torvalds. Watch the
               | video. You have already decided that it is the miners
               | that are screwing you over, and even when presented with
               | evidence, you to the contrary, you keep shilling NVDA.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfIibTBaoMM
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | Sorry, you're right, I misunderstood the Linus reference
               | as Torvals not Linus Tech Tips.
               | 
               | But so you count reductionist click bait opinion
               | commentary on YouTube as "evidence"? Commentary that
               | comes from a company who's profit motive is driven by
               | clicks and attention? Saying that companies primarily
               | care about their bottom line is tautological, it contains
               | no information. It's still a straw man regarding whether
               | or not segmenting 3060s is a net positive for gamers.
               | 
               | Last chance... you still haven't addressed the first-hand
               | market effect on gamers of trying to get miners to buy
               | something else. You haven't yet backed your claim that
               | this is bad for gamers right now. I've basically agreed
               | with what you said might happen, that the second hand
               | market won't look like what happened in 2018. I can only
               | assume that if ad-hominems are going to be the response
               | to an honest question to what you said, then you don't
               | actually have an answer?
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | Gamers are getting screwed by Nivida today since the
               | silicone they normally bin as gaming cards are being
               | allocated to mining cards.
               | 
               | In return they're only given the 3060 which is still
               | profitable for miners and Nividia refuses to restrict
               | mining on any other gaming Geforce series card.rxqy
               | 
               | Miners are also screwing over gamers by buying their
               | gaming cards today. In future miners will be a positive
               | for games as they flood the used market with gaming
               | cards.
               | 
               | Neither are altruistic here.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | > the silicone they normally bin as gaming cards are
               | being allocated to mining cards.
               | 
               | That's an _assumption_ , it's speculation. If true, it
               | means there will be no 3060s for gamers because they'll
               | sell out as CMP, in contradiction to what Nvidia said. We
               | will see if your assumption comes true...
               | 
               | I don't know why your speculative assumption makes any
               | sense. If the chips that could be sold to gamers were
               | being sold to miners instead and effectively "screwing"
               | gamers, then it means that there's no point to segmenting
               | the market, no advantage for Nvidia. It would be no
               | different than letting miners buy the 3060s, and just not
               | having CMP cards.
               | 
               | > In future miners will be a positive for games as they
               | flood the used market with gaming cards.
               | 
               | That doesn't make up for the losses to gamers up front,
               | it does not compensate by 100%, it can't. It would be
               | better (for gamers) if there was no bubble.
        
               | MAGZine wrote:
               | If they just put these chips into regular cards then they
               | could eventually be resold, to gamers, at a great price.
               | 
               | Instead, during a global silicon shortage, nvidia is
               | producing silicon that has one use and then into the
               | trash.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | You're making a huge assumption that they could be
               | resold, even if they're the same chips. This could be an
               | entirely new market for chips that have yield defects in
               | the graphics units, that will not ever work for games,
               | and were previously already put in the trash.
               | 
               | And your theory doesn't explain two things: - how this
               | hurts gamers now, and - why if Nvidia just wanted profit
               | and the chips are useful for games, why wouldn't Nvidia
               | simply do nothing and let the miners buy all the 3060s.
               | Wouldn't that be the most profitable thing here?
               | 
               | In fact, why wouldn't Nvidia just hike the price of the
               | 3060? They could make a lot more money on miners if they
               | wanted to, and really screw gamers. But that's not what's
               | happening. So from a gamer's perspective, I just don't
               | get being mad at Nvidia rather than being mad at the
               | miners who caused this to happen, _again_.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | > You're making a huge assumption that they could be
               | resold, even if they're the same chips. This could be an
               | entirely new market for chips that have yield defects in
               | the graphics units, that will not ever work for games,
               | and were previously already put in the trash.
               | 
               | Chip binning is nothing new, the article even explains
               | this phenomenon.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | Fully agree. Didn't suggest otherwise. That doesn't mean
               | that the CMP cards are binning in the exact same way. I
               | mean, isn't it a guarantee that the binning criteria
               | change here to accommodate CMP? Isn't it entirely
               | possible that the new bins are opportunities to sell
               | wafers that couldn't be sold to gamers at all? Nvidia
               | already has market segments for compute cards with no
               | video. Yes, I'm speculating. So is parent & the article.
               | I'm not sure it even matters. What matters is that gaming
               | supply is less destroyed by mining demand.
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | > And your theory doesn't explain two things: - how this
               | hurts gamers now, and - why if Nvidia just wanted profit
               | and the chips are useful for games, why wouldn't Nvidia
               | simply do nothing and let the miners buy all the 3060s.
               | Wouldn't that be the most profitable thing here?
               | 
               | No it is not. If they mis-predict when the mining craze
               | ends, they will be stuck with a huge inventory and no way
               | to deal with it. The reason they will be stuck with the
               | inventory is because the miners will be able to sell the
               | second hand cards at a rate that NVDA simply can't
               | compete with, so they end up as the bag holders just like
               | it happened with the 1xxx series.
               | 
               | Infact, I'd wager that DLSS and RTX were used as a hacky
               | solution to drive people away from the 1xxx series
               | because the 1xxx series was more than sufficient for
               | 1080p gaming - which is the most common resolution. The
               | 3xxx series, even the 3060 is an overkill even for 1440p
               | let alone 1080p.
               | 
               | This, to me, suggests that had NVDA not gimped the
               | hashrate of the 3060, once the craze was over and the
               | market was flooded with 2nd hand 3060, people would not
               | be incentivised to buy anything above a used 3060 because
               | it is a) an overkill for 1440p@120hz and b) it has much
               | higher perf/$ than anything NVDA could offer with the
               | 3xxx or 4xxx series and it wouldn't make any sense to go
               | with anything higher anyways because 4k gaming doesn't
               | seem worth it unless you are playing on a TV.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | Strange theories on top of strange theories. The GTX 1080
               | is good enough forever? People are using 1080p forever?
               | Games are staying put with the fidelity and textures and
               | poly counts they had 5 years ago, and not improving any
               | more? Last time I checked, there weren't all that many
               | games that run at 60Hz 1080p and never dip.
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | What are you talking about here? My argument is rather
               | simple and you are wilfully misinterpreting it to make
               | your statement. If you want to game, at 1080p, there is
               | very little reason to spend money on a big upgrade, even
               | going with 3xxx series is an overkill.
               | 
               | > Last time I checked, there weren't all that many games
               | that run at 60Hz 1080p and never dip.
               | 
               | CITATION NEEDED.
               | 
               | The 3060ti is benchmarked at 4k hitting mid to low 50s in
               | high settings in Shadow of the Tomb Raider and hitting
               | 100fps at 1440p with 0.1% minimums at 90fps.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | > even going with 3xxx series is an overkill.
               | 
               | Then why do you care at all about the 3060 segmentation
               | into CMP cards?
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | I dislike companies that pay lipservice or are
               | pretentious like NVDA. On the positive side, I own
               | shares, so I am making money off of it.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | > I dislike companies that pay lipservice or are
               | pretentious like NVDA. On the positive side, I own
               | shares, so I am making money off of it.
               | 
               | Finally, the truth of the matter. ;)
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | You're taking his words out of proportion. Just by
               | looking at the steam hardware survey you'll see that the
               | majority of gamers buy mid range cards and own 1080p
               | monitors. The most popular games aren't the latest AAA
               | titles either.
               | 
               | There isn't a game option survey but I'd bet most gamers
               | with mid range cards run AAA games on medium as they
               | value being able to play over a beautiful slideshow.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | An Ampere mid-range card is different than a Pascal mid-
               | range card, 3 or 4 generations older depending on how you
               | count.
               | 
               | > I'd bet most gamers with mid range cards run AAA games
               | on medium as they value being able to play over a
               | beautiful slideshow.
               | 
               | Exactly, I agree. That statement supports what I said and
               | contradicts parent's comment "the 1xxx series was more
               | than sufficient for 1080p gaming".
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | The GTX 970 is just borderline whilst the GTX 1080 is
               | "pretty much sufficient" for modern games according to
               | this benchmark: https://youtu.be/bhLlHU_z55U
        
               | Shivetya wrote:
               | I am may be off base here, but isn't this how the Nvidia
               | Geforce Now service work? Rendering on their systems and
               | streaming to a dedicated client?
               | 
               | I have used this service to play a few different games
               | which I have licenses too where the developer no longer
               | supports Mac; oddly this seems to have gotten worse with
               | M1 chips.
        
               | jffry wrote:
               | > oddly this seems to have gotten worse with M1 chips.
               | 
               | If a developer wasn't around or willing to recompile and
               | test their game on x64 to support Catalina (which dropped
               | support for 32-bit apps), then it's not surprising to me
               | that they are also unable or unwilling to recompile and
               | test and support the game on M1 ARM chips.
        
           | gsich wrote:
           | Not usable without display ports.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | You can still render without a display port and use the
             | output image to for example stream it to another display.
        
               | gsich wrote:
               | You need another GPU for that. Not really practical.
        
               | M277 wrote:
               | I don't know about that. Plenty of people are using Intel
               | non-F CPUs which have iGPUs.
               | 
               | Honestly, the worrying part is that NVIDIA may block
               | this. If I remember right, they did something similar
               | back in 2017 with the P106 mining cards (GTX 1060
               | equivalent) when people bought them for cheap.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | How do you think gaming streaming services work?
        
               | gsich wrote:
               | So I need two machines to used this GPU? Thats even
               | worse. I know some trickery with an onboard CPU maybe
               | works and thought you meant that.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > So I need two machines to used this GPU?
               | 
               | No? Why would they need to be in different machines? You
               | can stream from one GPU to another, whether they're in
               | the same machine or not. One GPU may be a cheap little
               | one built into your motherboard. You probably already
               | have it anyway!
               | 
               | And even if you did need two machines... again that's how
               | gaming streaming services work. Cheap end-user machines
               | or iPad or just TV, and then a gaming system streaming
               | video output somewhere else.
        
               | gsich wrote:
               | >No? Why would they need to be in different machines? You
               | can stream from one GPU to another, whether they're in
               | the same machine or not. One GPU may be a cheap little
               | one built into your motherboard. You probably already
               | have it anyway!
               | 
               | Thats not really called "streaming". So given that
               | somewhere in this thread there was a youtube link on how
               | to do that, which required testmode in Windows - it's
               | still not practical.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > Thats not really called "streaming".
               | 
               | The data would literally be streamed along a bus from one
               | storage to another. The name 'streaming' literally
               | appears in some APIs you'd use to do it!
        
               | gsich wrote:
               | Then you need to use the word "streaming" correctly.
               | Video streaming is not copying data to a different frame
               | buffer. Nvidia with their Optimus technology doesn't call
               | this "streaming". You used the same term for both.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > streaming is not copying data to a different frame
               | buffer
               | 
               | That's exactly what streaming means as a technical term:
               | 
               | Examples:
               | 
               | https://wiki.libsdl.org/SDL_TextureAccess
               | 
               | https://community.khronos.org/t/streaming-texture/60774
               | 
               | https://www.khronos.org/opengl/wiki/Buffer_Object_Streami
               | ng
        
               | SXX wrote:
               | Nvidia will make sure that no one can use "mining" cards
               | like this.
        
         | logicchop wrote:
         | Agree on the "evil" part (or maybe "irritating"), but if I
         | recall correctly from a few years ago, Nvidia has done this
         | before with full access to the encoder only being available in
         | the Quadro line.
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | Good point re landfill - haven't seen anyone else raise that
        
           | IMTDb wrote:
           | So people are going to build entire data centers to look for
           | combination of bytes that yield a hash that is funny looking.
           | And when it doesn't become profitable to do so anymore, the
           | e-waste issue it generates is somehow the fault on the chip
           | maker ?
        
             | asxd wrote:
             | Well yeah, since if the chip maker didn't come up with this
             | product strategy the extra e-waste would be further
             | limited.
             | 
             | I think we can probably all agree that corporations should
             | have some responsibility in the ramifications of their
             | products.
        
             | swinglock wrote:
             | Yes. When a chip maker takes a multipurpose product that
             | can be reused when no longer fit for one purpose, and
             | instead makes it single purpose and not reusable for market
             | segmentation reasons, they are absolutely somehow at fault.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >And when somehow it doesn't become profitable to do so
             | anymore, the e-waste issue it generates is somehow the
             | fault on the chip maker ?
             | 
             | Well yeah, because the alternative would be that the miners
             | dump them on the secondary market to gamers.
        
         | oakesm9 wrote:
         | Gamers will generally try to avoid buying preowned graphics
         | cards that have been used for mining. Running them 24/7 at full
         | pelt tends to "age" they quicker than one that's just been used
         | for gaming.
        
           | vimy wrote:
           | Can electronics actually wear out?
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | One phenomenon I know is electromigration, changes in the
             | material structure that modifies its electrical property.
             | 
             | Another less related to electronics, is simple heat cycles.
        
               | mbajkowski wrote:
               | Additionally, transistors can experience aging through
               | various mechanisms [1], some of which are permanent and
               | some of which can be fixed with a reset. Most manifest
               | via a shift in threshold voltage of the transistors,
               | which can impact the operating frequency of chips or
               | stability of sensitive circuits such as memory cells.
               | When ICs are designed they usually have a lifetime
               | operating profile, i.e 5y or 10y with max voltage and
               | operation for x% of that lifetime at a given temperature.
               | Simulations are then run pre and post degradation to
               | ensure requirements can be met. Different fabs such as
               | tsmc and samsung will provide models/info for the
               | transistor aging as part of their design tool kits.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_aging
        
             | falcolas wrote:
             | Yes. It's estimated that modern electronics have a lifespan
             | of about 5 years. And they don't always fail in obvious (or
             | obviously bad) fashion.
             | 
             | Here's a fun report from NASA that I love to cite (it is
             | also the citation for my lifespan claim).
             | 
             | https://c3.nasa.gov/dashlink/static/media/other/ObservedFai
             | l...
        
               | Delk wrote:
               | In case someone goes looking for the source for that
               | citation, it's on slide/page 37. It further cites another
               | web page which no longer exists but is available at the
               | Internet Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20150906010
               | 133/http://www.aerosp...
               | 
               | Both pages are focused on aerospace engineering (and
               | perhaps fault-tolerant systems in general), so I'm not
               | sure how I'd rate them as authoritative sources for the
               | lifespan of electronics in general. Possible faults in a
               | gaming GPU might not be as critical if they cause
               | something to fail once a year, for example.
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | Absolutely, it's materials science. Most electronics like
             | this aren't meant to be run full-tilt 24/7, especially not
             | under the conditions that crypto mining typically occurs.
             | Subpar cooling, potentially dirty air - so lots of dust and
             | particulate.
             | 
             | Not to mention crypto miners will often have the GPUs
             | overclocked on top of running full tilt to get every last
             | hash out of it. It's about as brutal of a situation as you
             | can get for a GPU.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Not to mention crypto miners will often have the GPUs
               | overclocked on top of running full tilt to get every last
               | hash out of it. It's about as brutal of a situation as
               | you can get for a GPU.
               | 
               | This is false because miners often undervolt to achieve
               | better efficiency. The popular GPU mining algorithms are
               | all memory-bound, so you can undervolt your core clocks
               | quite a bit and still get >95% of the original
               | performance.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | That depends on how valuable the last 5% of your hash
               | rate is and local electricity prices. Running an OC
               | especially for memory can objectively be the correct
               | choice.
               | 
               | For collage dorms for example rarely charge based on
               | electricity use. Some apartment complexes also include
               | electricity as part of the rent.
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | Power cost is not typically something people consider
               | when deciding to overvolt. Have you ever done any mining?
               | 
               | Most people prioritize the longevity of the cards. Resale
               | value is not negligible.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Yes though I stopped. At 22c/kWh it's 2$/year per watt.
               | Which makes a huge difference when optimizing your setup
               | and cooling.
        
               | deepakhj wrote:
               | I'm running at 50% gpu which lowers my tdp to 165 watts
               | and gpu temp of 70C.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >For collage dorms for example rarely charge based on
               | electricity use. Some apartment complexes also include
               | electricity as part of the rent.
               | 
               | Those situations are rare. A student in a college dorm
               | isn't going to be able to afford multiple GPUs for a
               | mining rig, and if he's mining with one GPU, he's likely
               | going to keep it when the crash comes rather than trying
               | to sell it into a flooded market. Apartment mining is
               | more believable, but even then power consumption is going
               | to be an issue for them because of noise. They're also
               | going to be vastly outnumbered (in terms of GPUs
               | operated) by professional miners because most people
               | don't have a few thousand dollars to drop on generating
               | highly speculative assets.
        
             | miloshadzic wrote:
             | Yes
        
             | nottorp wrote:
             | Dunno about the silicon, but the cooling system will be
             | absolutely hosed after a year or two of running at top
             | speed 24/7.
        
               | bserge wrote:
               | Not if you have filters set up and clean/change them
               | regularly. I'm assuming miners monitor their
               | temperatures, as well, as long as it's under 80 degC,
               | chips will work for years under load. Though VRM
               | components are of rather poor quality compared to GPUs,
               | CPUs and RAM, that's a major failure point.
        
             | rualca wrote:
             | > Can electronics actually wear out?
             | 
             | It depends what you mean by "wear out". Hardware does fail
             | with time.
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whisker_(metallurgy)
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermo-mechanical_fatigue
        
               | Toutouxc wrote:
               | The second article mentions thermal cycling -- I always
               | thought that running 24/7 is actually less damaging then
               | cycling (i.e. a gaming rig or a MacBook that does
               | 30->90->30 degC multiple times a day.)
        
               | rualca wrote:
               | For the wear and tear of thermal cycling to pile up, it's
               | not required to have reboots or shutdowns. All it takes
               | is to have temperature fluctuations that in turn developt
               | stress fluctuations, which induce fatigue wear on
               | materials. Low amplitude cycles are better and less
               | damaging than high amplitude cycles, but the damage is
               | still there building up.
               | 
               | To put things in perspective, not so long ago it was
               | believed that below a certain stress delta some materials
               | were immune to fatigue and practically eternal. However
               | it was soon apparent that that belief was not factual,
               | and a phenomenon labelled very high cycle fatigue started
               | to become a research topic. This type of fatigue is
               | characterized by cracks being induced even at very low
               | stress levels due to defects such as impurities and even
               | crystal size in metal matrices.
        
             | mckirk wrote:
             | There is the effect of 'electromigration' at least, which
             | causes atoms of conducting materials to be transported over
             | time because of the current (if I understand it correctly).
             | That might be an issue over the long term, especially at
             | the ridiculously small scale of chip manufacturing we've
             | reached now.
        
               | atleta wrote:
               | Not only that, there is also diffusion caused by
               | difference of concentration, which is increased by heat.
               | And you have that concentration difference at the p-n
               | boundaries/junctions in an IC.
               | 
               | Though I'm not sure how much actual damage you'd see in
               | practice, whether the ICs tend to die with intense use
               | before e.g. the capacitors mentioned above.
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | Takes 100yrs on current processes to break a particularly
               | weak bond wire.
        
               | pantalaimon wrote:
               | But how big of an issue is that really in practice? You
               | still see 20+ years old machines chugging along just
               | fine.
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | That's a bit of survivor bias. I used to buy truckloads
               | of old PCs and recycle them when I was a teenager. I
               | initially thought that this old tech was just really
               | built to last, but in reality I was selecting the 1% or
               | less that could survive being shoved around a rat-feces-
               | infested warehouse at freezing temperatures before ending
               | up in my parents' garage, to their dismay. Those
               | survivors seemed to last freaking forever afterward, but
               | again, that's because they were the random fraction that
               | just happened to have that perfect balance of durability.
               | 
               | When I started buying new parts as an adult, the failure
               | rates of e.g. GPUs were pretty disappointing in
               | comparison to the biased expectations I had from those
               | survivor PCs.
        
               | bserge wrote:
               | Haha, I also noticed that used parts that lasted ~2-4
               | years have a lower failure rate than new ones. All the
               | ones that fail, fail early, and the surviving ones go
               | through a sort of "extended burn-in" so to say.
        
               | megameter wrote:
               | I have a longstanding habit of buying my laptops
               | refurbished - so, a few months of wear and sometimes a
               | "scratch and dent". To date, every one of them has been a
               | winner on longevity.
        
             | zajio1am wrote:
             | Yes. Higher temperature leads to faster degradation of
             | capacitors. My experience with running PC routers 24/7 in
             | non-air-conditioned spaces (with ~40 degC in summer) is
             | that after 5+ years systems that were rock-stable started
             | to crash/reboot once per several days and must be replaced.
        
             | dantillberg wrote:
             | As someone with experience running a GPU mining farm for ~2
             | years, my anecdote: I had about 5% of cards break down
             | during that time, and the majority of those were just fan
             | failures.
        
           | ShinyRice wrote:
           | That is not quite true. Miners that know what they're doing
           | will undervolt their cards in order to improve power
           | efficiency, which makes cards run cooler and at lower power.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | You can't tell from an eBay listing that a given card was
             | undervolt or overclocked. On average it's far more risky
             | than buying a gamers card which, so their best avoided.
             | 
             | Also, undervolting isn't always the correct choice it
             | depends on how valuable the coin being minded is relative
             | to energy costs. Someone mining in their dorm room for
             | example may not be paying based on electricity useage.
        
               | gsich wrote:
               | With ETH you underclock core and overclock memory. Core
               | will lead to vastly lower power consumption, while still
               | maintaining hashrate.
        
               | Sholmesy wrote:
               | Citation needed?
               | 
               | My understanding was that gaming cards are pushed far
               | harder, at higher temps, with fluctuating power and
               | thermals, which causes more issues than a single stable
               | power limit and temperature
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | Where is your understanding coming from? There is no such
               | thing as pushing cards "far harder, at higher temps" than
               | when mining or doing other compute tasks that run the GPU
               | at 100%. Failure rates land squarely on the side of
               | higher temps, and the reasons are well understood https:/
               | /electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/444474/can-i...
               | 
               | You might be thinking of spinning disk drives rather than
               | GPUs. A lot of people suggest that leaving an HDD powered
               | up and spinning is better than spinning up and down
               | frequently, due to the temperature going up and down a
               | lot and the added wear on this mechanical device. This is
               | completely different from a GPU though.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | Higher temps are bad, but thermal cycles are equally bad
               | or worse. Different things on the card have different
               | thermal coefficients of expansion. Getting warm and
               | cooling makes everything flex and stresses solder joints,
               | wire bonds, and thermal interfaces.
               | 
               | Miner cards have longer, sustained high temps. This is
               | bad for life.
               | 
               | Gamer cards have lots of thermal cycles. This is very bad
               | for life.
               | 
               | Miner cards are more likely to be undervolted to improve
               | power efficiency and thermals. This is good for life.
               | (Lower peak temperature, less electromigration).
               | 
               | Gamer cards are more likely to be overvolted and
               | overclocked to improve peak performance. This is very bad
               | for life. (higher peak temperatures, more
               | electromigration).
               | 
               | https://www.dfrsolutions.com/hubfs/Resources/services/Tem
               | per...
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | That's testing for thermal cycling over wide temperature
               | ranges or longer lifespans. GPU's are used indoors and
               | don't have a very long lifespan.
               | 
               | The major risk factor for GPU's is electromigration which
               | is a major factor in GPU lifespan and directly relates to
               | usage. A 40 hour a week gamer is extremely rare, but a
               | mining GPU is pulling 168 hours a week.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | Electromigration is a small risk factor in any kind of
               | reasonable life. Especially if not overvolted (which is
               | something that mostly gamers do-- miners are more likely
               | to undervolt).
               | 
               | Solder fatigue breaking of solder balls is common. I have
               | fixed lots of GPUs by reflowing them. GPUs do cycle over
               | a large temperature range-- delta-T can be 50C+. While
               | maps are loading, etc, you can have delta-T's of 25C+
               | every few minutes.
               | 
               | Indeed, you have lots of people doing this:
               | 
               | https://turbofuture.com/computers/How-to-Fix-a-Dead-
               | Graphics... https://www.instructables.com/How-to-repair-
               | your-Graphics-Ca... https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/Temporar
               | ily+Repair+a+Lost+Cause...
               | 
               | This is a thermal cycling induced failure mode. (Of
               | course, a home oven doesn't accomplish proper reflow, so
               | this is more of a "fix things for a couple months" trick
               | as described in the posts).
        
               | cmeacham98 wrote:
               | Mining cards are run near always, while gaming cards are
               | usually pushed only a small number of hours per day.
               | 
               | I have no data to back this up but anecdotally this makes
               | a huge difference in wear.
        
               | locuscoeruleus wrote:
               | Huge difference in wear, yes. But not in the direction
               | you think, I think. Warming up an cooling down is more
               | damaging for a card than running constant temperature. It
               | 'jiggles' parts more.
        
               | AnHonestComment wrote:
               | That seems true of structural components but untrue of
               | silicon, where the heat output difference is _literally_
               | the GPU being jiggled more aggressively inside by the
               | miner.
               | 
               | Heat dissipation is due to jiggling the tiny gates a
               | little every time you fire one: which cycle much more
               | often in the mining case -- at a higher temperature,
               | where there's more likely to be damage.
        
               | pantalaimon wrote:
               | GPUs are not mechanical parts (well save for the fans but
               | those can be replaced). I would imagine thermal stress
               | from heating and cooling would be the biggest issue - you
               | don't get that under constant load.
        
               | iforgotpassword wrote:
               | Heat = bad for silicon. Also electromigration. And
               | probably a couple other effects I don't know about.
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | Heat is bad, but MTTF at usually achievable temperatures
               | is hundreds or thousands of years.
               | 
               | Electromigration matters on the order of 100 years.
        
               | namibj wrote:
               | Well, tell that to my chipset's SATA controllers
               | (Sandbridge generation).
               | 
               | Intel messed up their life expectancy calculations, and
               | thus they died after 2~3 years. I think 2 are still
               | alive.
        
               | pantalaimon wrote:
               | The Sandy Bridge SATA issue did make big waves back then
               | and Intel did a recall IIRC.
               | 
               | Only the B2 stepping of chipsets should be affected by
               | this tough.
               | 
               | https://www.anandtech.com/show/4142/intel-discovers-bug-
               | in-6...
               | 
               | https://techreport.com/news/20326/intel-finds-flaw-in-
               | sandy-...
        
               | o-__-o wrote:
               | Looks like you should have put a fan on that chipset.
               | Like your GPU, which runs at extreme temperatures for
               | extended periods of time!
        
             | spyder wrote:
             | Also, machines used for mining can be put in cooler places
             | and with better cooling than an average home with a gamer
             | PC.
        
           | deepakhj wrote:
           | Miners will under volt, under clock, and boost memory speeds
           | in order to keep temperatures and fan speeds at a lower
           | level. Card failures affect profits.
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | first they came for the miners... As Nvidia opens itself to
         | those games, i can see how Russia or China say would legislate
         | for the drivers to have to refuse to run say specific crypto
         | algorithms or specific neural nets training if it includes
         | specific names, terms, phrases.
         | 
         | "RTX 3060 software drivers are designed to detect specific
         | attributes of the Ethereum cryptocurrency mining algorithm, and
         | limit the hash rate, or cryptocurrency mining efficiency, by
         | around 50 percent."
         | 
         | open source drivers have been long due. Now there is real
         | $Billions staked on that need.
        
         | ezoe wrote:
         | Yes. I am using Nvidia GPU even though I know it's so non-free,
         | so unfriendly to the point Linus gave the middle finger and
         | all. But I thought it's okay since I were to use it for
         | proprietary video games anyway. But I have never thought they
         | are this evil. With this move, Nvidia products are forever
         | included in my boycott list.
        
         | daniel-thompson wrote:
         | I assume it can still be used for other CUDA applications,
         | although I doubt that miners will care much about that.
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | Who will be buying it though? Last time this happened mining
           | cards without display output were sold much cheaper than
           | their equivalent counterparts.
           | 
           | The only saving grace they had were hacky Looking Glass style
           | solutions.
        
             | the8472 wrote:
             | Machine learning? VFX shops?
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | These industries certainly didn't buy mining cards last
               | time.
        
         | arcticbull wrote:
         | > The CMP version is a straight-to-landfill product. As soon as
         | it stops being profitable for mining it will have zero resale
         | value, and become e-waste.
         | 
         | Like literally every other piece of Bitcoin or crypto mining
         | technology. It's straight to the landfill every 6 months.
         | 
         | Bitcoin generates 100 GRAMS of ewaste for every transaction.
         | Every 2 transactions consumes as much energy as driving a Tesla
         | from SF to NY [edit for clarity: round trip] and as much ewaste
         | as throwing your phone out the window along the way.
         | 
         | Don't hate the player; hate the game. Nvidia is maximizing
         | shareholder value as per their charter, creating differentiated
         | product offerings for different segments. Quadro, RTX, CMP.
         | It's all segmentation, and better, likely binning. I wonder if
         | CMP products are just failed RTX and Quadro parts they're
         | offloading. For every card Nvidia doesn't sell, Ant will sell 2
         | ASIC miners.
         | 
         | Time to push back on proof of waste, and end the economic
         | incentive.
        
           | squeaky-clean wrote:
           | > Like literally every other piece of Bitcoin or crypto
           | mining technology.
           | 
           | I don't get this comparison because Nvidia isn't a Bitcoin
           | mining technology company. Or at least they weren't until a
           | week ago. When someone deems it not profitable to mine on a
           | set of 50 GPUs they purchased, they can resell those to
           | gamers. But these mining cards are just e-waste.
           | 
           | > Don't hate the player; hate the game.
           | 
           | Games don't exist without players.
        
             | vorpalhex wrote:
             | > When someone deems it not profitable to mine on a set of
             | 50 GPUs they purchased, they can resell those to gamers.
             | 
             | Except they can't. GPUs used for mining are trash - too
             | much heat and stress continuously.
             | 
             | Think about the average load on a consumer card used
             | normally - maybe a daily 4 hour gaming binge max?
             | 
             | Meanwhile a mining card is running near 100% capacity 24/7,
             | probably without enough cooling.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | threeseed wrote:
           | No. It's time to push back on Bitcoin.
           | 
           | It is disgraceful to watch people such as Elon Musk and most
           | of the VCs put money ahead of the environment.
        
             | ubersync wrote:
             | I am sorry you did not buy it when it was cheaper. No need
             | to hate it now because you were stupid back then.
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | >> No. It's time to push back on Bitcoin.
               | 
               | >> It is disgraceful to watch people such as Elon Musk
               | and most of the VCs put money ahead of the environment.
               | 
               | > I am sorry you did not buy it when it was cheaper. No
               | need to hate it now because you were stupid back then.
               | 
               | You're obviously defensively making some false
               | assumptions. The big one is probably assuming that people
               | are primarily motivated by greed and jealousy, and that
               | other motivations are fake and meant to disguise that.
               | 
               | And for the record, I agree with the GP, and I've made
               | quite a bit of money off of this bubble by selling some
               | bitcoins _I mined_ a decade ago.
        
               | ShamelessC wrote:
               | This comment is in clear violation of the site's rules.
               | Please don't be deliberately rude to others here and try
               | to interpret comments in good faith rather than as some
               | sort of veiled attack.
        
             | caycep wrote:
             | Given the energy requirements and how it's kind of morphed
             | into this beast of greed, I'm inclined to agree....but how
             | to pull this off?
             | 
             | Fiat bans cannot really work well against just doing math.
             | Taxation schemes/financial regs tamping down on bitcoin
             | speculation, what you can spend it on? By design I don't
             | think you can just pump money into bitcoin in order to
             | "deflate" its value without similarly consuming a lot of
             | energy?
        
           | ubersync wrote:
           | I am sick and tired of this bullshit logic, about how much
           | energy per transaction Bitcoin uses. Bitcoin's blocksize is
           | being forcibly kept low. It can easily be increased 100 MB,
           | if not more, without causing any serious issues. That will
           | increase the number of transactions per second to a thousand.
           | Plus, comparing a Bitcoin transaction to a traditional
           | transaction is like comparing apples and oranges. A Bitcoin
           | transaction is completely different as it is irreversible.
           | That energy consumption is the price we pay to make sure our
           | transactions remain irreversible.
        
           | heavenlyblue wrote:
           | On the other hand if you were a person who needed to make a
           | transaction in person because you can't use banks for that
           | (I.e. mafia) you would take that ride and probably spend even
           | more energy commuting several people (arms, team of people)
           | for a sufficiently large transaction.
           | 
           | In the Wild West you would need maybe several horses each in
           | order to exchange a certain amount of gold. What does the
           | carbon usage be here?
           | 
           | Bitcoin solves that problem in software, which is
           | magnificent. For the same carbon footprint.
        
           | hobofan wrote:
           | > It's straight to the landfill every 6 months.
           | 
           | Isn't that a trend that has mostly ended or is about to end
           | now? It looks like that was mostly caused by nm process
           | improvements for ASIC chips in the past. With 7/5nm ASIC
           | chips it seems like it should now progress as fast/slowly as
           | the nm process capabilities of chip manufacturers in general.
           | 
           | Not pro-BTC, but this seem very much like faulty
           | interpolation based on a past trend.
        
             | WanderPanda wrote:
             | I was wondering the exact same thing a couple days ago,
             | would be great if a more knowledgable person could confirm
             | this
        
             | Closi wrote:
             | Technology continues to advance - I don't think there is
             | enough evidence to say that we have hit a fundamental limit
             | on computer/asic power/speed performance yet.
             | 
             | 3nm will hit in 2024, but until then there will always be
             | advances in chip design. It's not just about speed, it's
             | also about thermals, power consumption and manufacture
             | price to work out the TCO of mining.
        
               | hobofan wrote:
               | > 3nm will hit in 2024, but until then there will always
               | be advances in chip design.
               | 
               | I'm not an expert on chip design, but I would have
               | assumed that there isn't a lot of room for improvements
               | of ASIC mining chips, given that they are probably a
               | straightforward implementation of the hashing algo used
               | in Bitcoin (and that a few thousand+ times), in contrast
               | to CPU design which is more dependent on other
               | computing/hardware trends.
        
               | Closi wrote:
               | Well even without chip design, for instance if you
               | decrease unit cost, that also has the impact of changing
               | the mining landscape because many more ASIC miners can
               | enter the game.
               | 
               | Also remember an ASIC miner will generally use more than
               | it costs in electricity each year, so a relatively small
               | improvement in hashes / watt makes a big difference to
               | overall profitability.
               | 
               | CPU design is more complex, but also has more people
               | working in the space and has been going for longer. I
               | just get sceptical if someone says _this is as good as it
               | is going to get_ because history shows usually those
               | predictions end up being wrong. As a child I thought
               | Super Mario 64 was as good as computer graphics were ever
               | going to get...
        
               | hobofan wrote:
               | > for instance if you decrease unit cost
               | 
               | That doesn't diminish the hashing power of the equipment
               | you already bought though (and the topic was obsolete
               | equipment).
               | 
               | > so a relatively small improvement in hashes / watt
               | makes a big difference to overall profitability
               | 
               | Yeah, that's a fair point.
               | 
               | > I just get sceptical if someone says this is as good as
               | it is going to get
               | 
               | And I'm skeptical if people blindly extrapolate past
               | trends, assuming that they will continue to hold. I
               | wasn't saying that it won't get better from here on out,
               | just that the extreme growth that was mostly fueled by
               | quickly going through the existing nm process steps can't
               | be sustained, and that from now on it will follow the
               | same slowish pace as all chip miniaturization.
        
               | Closi wrote:
               | > That doesn't diminish the hashing power of the
               | equipment you already bought though (and the topic was
               | obsolete equipment).
               | 
               | It means even more equipment to go obsolete when
               | improvements come through - and more equipment deployed
               | does not equal more bitcoins generated, so it is an issue
               | of more hardware that will ultimately end up in landfill
               | / being scrapped.
               | 
               | > And I'm skeptical if people blindly extrapolate past
               | trends
               | 
               | Well I'm also sceptical of people who blindly assume
               | progress won't be made. To quote someone in 2014
               | predicting what would happen to ASIC design...
               | 
               | > As an emerging field of IC design, bitcoin mining ASICs
               | have experienced rapid evolution over the past two years.
               | However, they cannot keep evolving and developing at the
               | current rate.
               | 
               | https://www.coindesk.com/bitcoin-mining-can-longer-
               | ignore-mo...
               | 
               | Well, still, try see how profitable your 3 year old ASIC
               | miner is today...
        
           | roter wrote:
           | I checked your numbers against [0]. Road distance NY -> SF =
           | 2900 miles [1]. Model S mileage is 290Wh/mi [2]. That is
           | 840kW for Tesla against 657kW for a _single_ transaction.
           | This is all order-of-magnitude stuff but... wow.
           | 
           | [0] https://digiconomist.net/bitcoin-energy-consumption/
           | 
           | [1] https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=road%20distance%20s
           | an%...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.zeviecars.com/browse-cars/tesla-model-s
        
             | autocorr wrote:
             | Can someone explain how transactions are not insanely cost
             | prohibitive for Bitcoin with power consumption figures like
             | those? Those numbers would suggest something like >20 USD.
             | Is it because most transactions in practice actually happen
             | internally on exchanges that avoid putting every individual
             | transaction on the blockchain?
             | 
             | I have limited knowledge of Bitcoin so maybe not _quite_
             | "explain like I'm five"... but close. :)
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Oh that's inflation.
               | 
               | The cost is socialized across the block reward. So long
               | as there's more new money coming in than block reward
               | paying electric bills on the way out, the cost of a
               | transaction is socialized efficiently.
               | 
               | Elon's $1.5B investment only lasted a total of 4 weeks.
               | It's already gone. It's in the hands of Chinese coal
               | produces now.
        
               | robbiep wrote:
               | That is roughly what transaction costs are. In some camps
               | this prohibits the technology ever becoming a widespread
               | method of payment. If we're going for decentralised
               | currency and 10 exchanges control all the low fee
               | movement stuff...
        
               | mrb wrote:
               | << _Can someone explain how transactions are not insanely
               | cost prohibitive_ >>
               | 
               | Because the comments above yours are misleading.
               | Transactions don't consume mining energy. Miners expend
               | the same amount of energy regardless if they are
               | validating 1 or 1000 transactions in a block.
        
               | paulgb wrote:
               | > Miners expend the same amount of energy regardless if
               | they are validating 1 or 1000 transactions in a block.
               | 
               | This ignores the transaction fees. Even though they are
               | only 10-20% of the total fees a miner collects, 10-20% of
               | a round-trip from SF to NYC is still a lot of energy.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | That's some high class mental gymnastics though. Because
               | if you divide the energy spent across the number of
               | transactions you land back where you started. And if the
               | energy was burned for 0 transaction capacity then the
               | underlying would be worthless. Secure but worthless. So
               | it doesn't take much inference to realize that the value
               | is in transactbility.
               | 
               | You'll have to explain to me why when mining a block of
               | transactions, it doesn't make sense to break that down on
               | a per transaction basis with division.
               | 
               | If the number of transactions in a block ever changes
               | I'll change my divisor. Until then the proof is on you
               | isn't it?
        
               | tuankiet65 wrote:
               | The whole point of Bitcoin mining is to produce a _block_
               | , which contains a bunch of transactions. The Bitcoin
               | network dictates that each block's SHA256 hash starts
               | with a certain number of zeroes, so the only way to
               | achieve this is to brute force the block data until you
               | find the "winning" block which hashes to a number of
               | zeroes.
               | 
               | Once someone finds a winning block, they're rewarded with
               | a number of Bitcoin. This subsidies the cost that goes
               | into mining that block. However the reward halves after
               | every 210k blocks, so as the reward goes down, miners
               | will prefer to only include transactions with high fee.
               | Eventually the true cost of mining will reflect in the
               | transaction fee.
               | 
               | And to add to the "it costs 657.6kWh to process a
               | transaction": energy is used to produce a _block_ , which
               | contains an _arbitrarily defined_ number of transactions.
               | Right now, Bitcoin Core limits each block to 1MB, which
               | works out to about 2k transactions per block. If Bitcoin
               | Core were to increase the limit to say 10MB, the energy
               | used to produce a block doesn 't change, but the energy
               | used to process a transaction goes down tenfold.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | > And to add to the "it costs 657.6kWh to process a
               | transaction": energy is used to produce a block, which
               | contains an arbitrarily defined number of transactions.
               | Right now, Bitcoin Core limits each block to 1MB, which
               | works out to about 2k transactions per block. If Bitcoin
               | Core were to increase the limit to say 10MB, the energy
               | used to produce a block doesn't change, but the energy
               | used to process a transaction goes down tenfold.
               | 
               | Oh, it could be somewhat improved. Then it'd be "only" 65
               | kilowatt hours, compared to ~1 watt-hour for conventional
               | payment networks.
               | 
               | (And, this assumes that the increase in bitcoin price
               | doesn't cause more mining).
        
             | mlyle wrote:
             | kWhr, not kW. It's also 1/2 to 3/4th the electricity used
             | in a month by a typical US household.
        
               | Freak_NL wrote:
               | kWh, if we're going to be pedantic, which I approve of.
               | :)
               | 
               | It bugs me that even quality newspapers frequently
               | mistake _power_ (watt (W)) for _energy_ (joules (J) or
               | watt-hour (Wh, often with the usual metric prefixes)).
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | Yeah the distance thing was ball parked, based on the last
             | time I ran the numbers. To your point, I accidentally
             | omitted to say "round trip from SF to NY" - I also used the
             | great circle distance (2586mi) and ballparked a phone at
             | 200g, roughly the weight of an iPhone.
             | 
             | Thank you for going through the numbers and adding the
             | sources. I was on my phone and meant to circle back.
        
           | paulsutter wrote:
           | Bitcoin transactions use almost no power. Bitcoin SECURITY
           | uses an immense amount of power, in order to make a 51%
           | attack difficult.
           | 
           | I'm not saying that's a good thing, I'm just saying its not
           | the transactions that use power.
        
           | SSLy wrote:
           | No one mines bitcoin on GPU's anymore, since 8? years.
        
             | formerly_proven wrote:
             | Which cryptocurrency of the day is mined does not matter to
             | the argument.
        
             | windexh8er wrote:
             | Yeah this just isn't true. Given the rally in coin prices
             | GPU mining has come back to the black if you have
             | cheap/free access to electricity.
             | 
             | With a 3080 you can make over $12/day in BTC and the
             | electricity costs required are less than $2 in a majority
             | of the US [0].
             | 
             | [0] https://www.nicehash.com/profitability-
             | calculator/nvidia-rtx...
        
               | deepakhj wrote:
               | Btc mining only works on asics. You can mine ethereum on
               | gpu's.
               | 
               | NiceHash rents your hash rate to buyers, you mine
               | ethereum, while they pay your rewards in btc.
               | 
               | If you want ethereum directly, you can mine for a pool
               | like ethermine or flexpool.
        
               | undersuit wrote:
               | >Btc mining only works on asics.
               | 
               | No, you can mine Bitcoin on your GPU or CPU. It will
               | work.
        
               | lawn wrote:
               | Yes it will work. But it will be so slow that you won't
               | ever do anything useful with it, so in practice it
               | doesn't work.
               | 
               | Go mine Ethereum or Monero instead.
        
               | undersuit wrote:
               | They said it didn't work. That's all.
               | 
               | I was just correcting that. Bitcoin isn't unable to be
               | run on GPUs or CPUs.
               | 
               | I think that's important to point out.
        
               | Karunamon wrote:
               | The link directly contradicts this. Pooled mining with
               | BTC (ETH too, but also BTC) on a GPU is something you can
               | do and make a modest amount of money right now, to the
               | tune of around $5/day at current prices.
               | 
               | There's a profitability floor on hashes/KWh. When coin's
               | price goes as sky-high as it has been, it pushed GPU
               | mining back into the black. This is likely a temporary
               | state of affairs; either the network difficulty will
               | increase to where only ASICs can break through, or the
               | price will decline.
        
               | deepakhj wrote:
               | The link shows paying in btc because they don't give you
               | what you mine. You rent your hash rate and people bid on
               | it with btc. You're not mining btc directly. I use
               | NiceHash at the moment. Your gpu mines ethereum (or
               | whatever the most profitable coin is as NiceHash has a
               | profit switcher.)
        
               | hobofan wrote:
               | Could you explain to me why someone would offer their
               | hashing power on NiceHash vs. just directly working for a
               | pool?
               | 
               | The main cases I image are:
               | 
               | 1. The miner doesn't want to deal with price fluctuations
               | and wants to prevent arbitrage risk
               | 
               | 2. It might be more profitable to outsource smallish
               | coins that have to buy hashing power to stabilize their
               | network (though that would probably also be covered by
               | the profit switcher)
               | 
               | 3. Money laundering <--- Which I assume is the biggest
               | portion
        
               | deepakhj wrote:
               | I honestly don't understand who's buying the hash power
               | on the other side. I think people start with Nicehash
               | because it's PnP and easy to use. From there you can look
               | at Minerstat which mines directly on pools and offers
               | features like triggers and fancy graphs.
               | 
               | Setting up a miner yourself doesn't take much work but it
               | won't have profit switching or extra cloud features that
               | Nicehash or Minerstat have.
        
               | christoph wrote:
               | Weirdly I can somewhat answer this as I've just got into
               | NiceHash since this Friday night, mainly as a learning
               | experience more than a money making endeavour. I have a
               | load of my own company PCs with GPUs like 1080s and 2070s
               | we used to rent for VR usage at events that have
               | basically been sitting in boxes, idle for the last 12
               | months due to COVID. No idea how I ended up down the
               | mining rabbit hole on a Friday night, maybe a comment
               | here...
               | 
               | Anyway, I now have six machines set up in my
               | (previously... freezing cold garage), generating around
               | PS20 to PS25 day total, after electricity costs. I'm on a
               | metered power supply that is much cheaper at nighttime.
               | 
               | The benefits of NiceHash are:
               | 
               | - super simple set up. Literally an installer, it
               | benchmarks the machine and gets to work in minutes. They
               | have their own OS as well. That's a rabbit hole for a few
               | evenings this week to have some fun with.
               | 
               | - mobile app for monitoring all your rigs - temperatures,
               | profitability, etc.
               | 
               | - pretty decent web front end for tracking progress,
               | crypto prices, rig stats, etc.
               | 
               | - automatic switching between the most profitable
               | algorithms in real-time. If the market are paying money
               | for a specific currency/algo, it will swap to where the
               | money can be made quickly and automatically without you
               | needing to be involved.
               | 
               | - easy to disable specific algorithms that don't work
               | well. First day it kept jumping to KawPow, but for me
               | this was really poor for profitability on my hardware, so
               | it's literally a click to disable that algorithm in their
               | software.
               | 
               | I guess it just works, is largely set and forget, but
               | offers lots of tweaking, monitoring for those with the
               | desire to do that. Is it the most efficient or
               | profitable? I'm starting to think not, but I'm still at
               | the bottom of the curve for all of this, however,
               | NiceHash has provided the perfect springboard into a new
               | (to me) world.
               | 
               | BTW, I am fairly anti crypto in general. I'm kind of
               | doing this as a learning experience while I have some
               | free hours to burn each week on learning about something
               | I feel I should know a lot more about while having a bit
               | of fun in the process.
        
               | hobofan wrote:
               | Thanks for explaining! I would have assumed that there
               | are some cross-coin mining pools out there that have a
               | similarly good UX, where you would end up with the mined
               | coins directly, but it kind of makes sense that it exists
               | on that abstraction level.
        
               | christoph wrote:
               | There's other mining software and native OS's out there,
               | like minerstat that you can seperately link to NiceHash
               | or other pools, that abstract it all a level further,
               | swapping between pools based on profitablity and probably
               | over a year offer a better pay out, but I've not started
               | diving into that yet. Minerstat charge 1.65eu per
               | worker/per month after the first rig, but seem to offer a
               | lot more options/flexibility (more stats, more pools,
               | etc.).
        
             | jrrrr wrote:
             | [citation needed]
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Here ya go: https://digiconomist.net/bitcoin-energy-
               | consumption/
               | 
               | And here: https://www.solarreviews.com/blog/how-much-
               | does-it-cost-to-c...
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | Is it impossible to game on these?
        
           | Hendrikto wrote:
           | That's the intention at least. They lack output ports, for
           | example.
        
           | solarkraft wrote:
           | While officially impossible, theoretically it should be work,
           | in the same way as laptop GPUs (the dedicated GPU gives the
           | rendered image back to the integrated GPU for seamless
           | switching instead of outputing it directly).
           | 
           | It has been tried 2 years ago on LinusTechTips:
           | https://youtu.be/TY4s35uULg4
           | 
           | TL;DW: Very weird and extremely unofficial, but it can be
           | done.
           | 
           | These might still be some cheap rendering cards on Linux when
           | they're used up.
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | Depends on what NVidia takes out. If they remove the
             | triangle fill units, they're unsuitable for graphics but OK
             | for "mining". That leaves the more general purpose parts
             | that let you do arithmetic in parallel. Those might also be
             | useful for machine learning.
        
             | bserge wrote:
             | There's used Tesla M6 cards (top of the range Maxwell GM204
             | cores, 8GB of RAM) going for really cheap sometimes. They
             | have no video output, but you can use them in laptops with
             | hybrid graphics thanks to the output being routed through
             | the CPUs IGP as you said.
             | 
             | Needs quite a bit of driver fuckery to have it recognized
             | as either a GTX 980m or a Quadro M5000m, and you lose
             | HDMI/DP output, but it's not a bad card for an upgrade if
             | you only use the internal display.
             | 
             | I'm surprised there are no MXM to PCIe x16 adapters, these
             | kinds of cards are cheaper than desktop ones (due to the
             | market/pricing being totally screwed) while providing
             | similar performance.
        
         | m3kw9 wrote:
         | Imagine the PlayStation was able to be used to mine crypto.
         | Game developers depend on gamers to actually play their games,
         | what would you have Sony do? Encourage it or do nothing? Pretty
         | sure their obligations to any shareholders would be to limit it
         | so more gamers can play and buy games for it.
        
           | RyEgswuCsn wrote:
           | One alternative could be for Sony to launch a new line of PS
           | that is optimised for crypto mining but way less cost-
           | effective for gaming.
        
             | jbay808 wrote:
             | They'd be competing for the same production resources.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | "See, the truth is, they can do whatever they want with them.
           | They bought them motherf**ers." Eazy-E
        
           | bretpiatt wrote:
           | "Running on more than 1,700 PS3s that were connected by five
           | miles of wire, the Condor Cluster was huge, dwarfing Khanna's
           | project, and it used to process images from surveillance
           | drones. During its heyday, it was the 35th fastest
           | supercomputer in the world."*
           | 
           | Back at PS2/PS3 they were used for computing, Sony actually
           | released a kit and had paid staff helping people who wanted
           | to build PS2 supercomputers -- a good friend from college
           | worked on the project at Sony. They had amazing vector
           | processing units in them.
           | 
           | * https://www.theverge.com/2019/12/3/20984028/playstation-
           | supe...
           | 
           | Article from 2003 on PS2 setups
           | https://www.ign.com/articles/2003/05/28/ps2-supercomputer
        
             | friedman23 wrote:
             | Sony disabled this functionality later on
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OtherOS
        
             | derefr wrote:
             | Sure, but this still only consumed a tiny fraction of the
             | Playstations in production at the time, rather than ~all of
             | them. There are only so many HPC labs in the world (and an
             | HPC lab using PS3s is a font of good press coverage for
             | Sony!) while there are as many crypto-miners as the market
             | will bear (and they generate only _negative_ press coverage
             | on top.)
        
           | LMYahooTFY wrote:
           | This example makes no sense to me.
           | 
           | I would have had Sony and friends not create a closed
           | ecosystem in the first place.
           | 
           | You're replying in a thread about (compared to consoles)
           | general purpose computers, which developers depend on gamers
           | actually playing their games on, being effectively DRMed.
           | 
           | I don't particularly care about shareholder obligations in
           | this case. I'm glad this incentive structure exists, and it
           | doesn't necessarily inform my ethos.
           | 
           | This is being received well by people who are practically
           | triggered by the notion of cryptocurrency operations.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | They are obligated to shareholders. But i am not a
           | shareholder. I am a gamer who wants to buy a new graphics
           | card. So i am going to scream, boycot and lobby government
           | against them until the needs of thier shareholders bend a
           | little closer to those of thier consumers. Free speech is a
           | necessary part of a free market.
           | 
           | Maybe nvidia should be held responsible for thier products.
           | Anyone else up to support a law imposing disposal obligations
           | on single-use products designed to kill secondary markets?
           | When the boom slows, the miners can give these cards back to
           | nvidia for environmentally friendly recycling.
        
             | buzzerbetrayed wrote:
             | > So i am going to scream, boycot and lobby government
             | against them until the needs of thier shareholders bend a
             | little closer to those of thier consumers
             | 
             | This line of thinking scares me. It's basically saying
             | "they aren't doing what I want so let's use the government
             | to make them do what I want!" How is this freedom? Forcing
             | people to bend to your will though government is the
             | opposite of freedom, and should be used very sparingly
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | Unlike certain politicians, i do not consider publicly
               | traded corporations to be "people". I dont really care
               | about thier feelings, even thier rights. Corporations are
               | a legal fiction created for a specific purpose, not
               | persons with emotions.
        
             | x86_64Ubuntu wrote:
             | Why is Free Speech necessary to a Free Market? I thought a
             | consumer choosing to spend their dollars was the "speech"
             | in a Free Market environment. And when you lobby the
             | government, you've kind of thrown out the Free Market
             | paradigm.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | >"And when you lobby the government, you've kind of
               | thrown out the Free Market paradigm"
               | 
               | "Lobby the government" that's what bigger corps do to the
               | point of buying some. So it is only fair game.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | Free speech is also product review, such as LTTs recent
               | video on this subject.
               | 
               | Regulation of a market by government doesn't mean
               | abandoning free markets. Regulation is an essential part
               | of sustaining a free market. Totally non-regulated
               | markets quickly devolve into monopoly and other anti-
               | consumer evils such as devices, like this, designed to
               | kill secondary markets.
        
           | anothernewdude wrote:
           | They literally did that with the PS3 for clusters (though not
           | for crypto mining) and shut down the ability to do it.
        
             | robert_foss wrote:
             | And were sued for doing so. Removing functionality from an
             | existing product is not acceptable.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | which is why they've announced this limitation before the
               | 3060's release
        
             | bretpiatt wrote:
             | To my knowledge they didn't shut it down, PS4 architecture
             | moved to standard x86 PC so no longer advanced vector units
             | available through PlayStation that you couldn't get
             | separately in an easier to work with way. This led to the
             | rise of the current Top 500 which are a mix of CPU and GPU.
        
               | rincebrain wrote:
               | No, they famously shut down the ability to use PS3s for
               | this and got sued for it.[1]
               | 
               | Not ever having the functionality in the PS4 and later
               | doesn't imply they didn't remove it in prior cases.
               | 
               | [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OtherOS
        
           | josefx wrote:
           | At least some consoles are sold at a loss to keep the entry
           | cost within an acceptable range and expect to recoup that
           | from game sales. One PlayStation generation came with a
           | somewhat crippled other OS feature. By the time Sony killed
           | the feature people already build quite a few PlayStation
           | powered compute clusters.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >Pretty sure their obligations to any shareholders would be
           | to limit it so more gamers can play and buy games for it.
           | 
           | It's not really the same because playstations are sold at
           | break-even or at a loss with the expectation that follow-up
           | revenue would make up for it. On the other hand no such
           | dynamic exists for nvidia. For them, sale to a miner is the
           | same as a sale to gamer.
        
             | paulie_a wrote:
             | I thought this was long ago disproven. That at very early
             | stages yes breakeven or small loss happens. But rapidly
             | becomes mildly profitable per unit
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Is this as a result of how the r&d expenses are deducted
               | against revenue, or manufacturing process improvements?
        
               | M277 wrote:
               | Mostly software subscriptions, actually.. things like PS
               | Plus, etc. On consoles, you need to pay money
               | (subscription) to be able to play multi-player for
               | instance (whereas on PC it's free), and games in general
               | are more expensive compared to PC (last time I checked).
        
             | johnday wrote:
             | This may look true from the perspective of a single sale,
             | but in the long term this just doesn't hold up. NVIDIA
             | builds a strong and long-held reputation with gamers, and
             | are a well renowned name in the field. If they made cards
             | for miners at the detriment of gamers, they risk losing
             | that valuable market position.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | This is a common sentiment I see on discussion forums,
               | but I think it's wishful thinking at best. Most consumers
               | aren't enthusiasts that follow these types of news, and
               | even the ones who do probably won't care/remember a few
               | years down the line. After all, nvidia seems to be doing
               | just fine despite their long history of anti-consumer
               | practices over the years.
        
               | comex wrote:
               | Which anti-consumer practices? That is, given that we're
               | talking about gamers.
               | 
               | There's Nvidia's longstanding allergy to open source, but
               | that only affects the tiny fraction of gamers who use
               | Linux.
               | 
               | There's this hash rate thing, but from a gamer's
               | perspective that's pro-consumer.
               | 
               | I suppose you can count their price increases for recent
               | GPU generations. But I don't know if that rises to the
               | level of "anti-consumer". Especially when they've been
               | delivering performance to match.
               | 
               | The best example I can think of is their policy of
               | requiring servers to use their more-expensive
               | 'professional' line of GPUs. This does hurt gamers, since
               | it forces game streaming services using Nvidia cards to
               | charge higher prices. That said, among the major
               | streaming services, Stadia, xCloud, and PlayStation Now
               | all use AMD GPUs, while GeForce Now can skirt the policy
               | since it belongs to Nvidia itself. The remaining services
               | are relatively obscure - though perhaps they'd be less
               | obscure if Nvidia didn't have that policy.
        
               | j1dopeman wrote:
               | I think they run the risk of people giving up on pc
               | gaming completely or never getting into it in the first
               | place. A market that has and should be growing will
               | shrink instead.
        
               | Filligree wrote:
               | This is already happening. I have friends who would, in
               | other circumstances, be building gaming PCs right now, so
               | we could play games together, but-
               | 
               | It's simply not possible.
        
               | noxer wrote:
               | Would be true if there is healthy competition. And if a
               | significant percentage of potential buyers would know
               | about it and thus avoid NVIDIA. However in reality most
               | customers wont know and they still get the GPU its just
               | expensive which they most likely see as a result of the
               | pandemic.
        
           | windexh8er wrote:
           | Not trying to pick on your comment but I'm always frustrated
           | when someone points out "obligations to shareholders". I wish
           | people would push back on this more. Sony's obligation when
           | building and selling the PlayStation is to the end user
           | customer. Not the shareholder. Because if Sony has _only_ the
           | shareholder in mind then a gaming console is probably the
           | wrong market to be in from a pure profit perspective. Sony 's
           | obligation is to the gamer who wants a competitive,
           | performant console. If they put out a next-gen console that
           | has no games to play nobody will buy it and end up with no
           | profits. Organizations have it backwards if they think they
           | should be catering to their shareholders. Shareholders
           | expectations should be that Sony has expertise in the field
           | of consoles and I'm investing in Sony with the understanding
           | that I want to invest in that. When I buy Sony stock I don't
           | think Sony has bringing me a few more points in profits first
           | over doing the right thing and building the best product for
           | the end user. I hope that my investing in them allows them to
           | better continue to innovate and bring compelling products to
           | the market.
           | 
           | Milton Friedman's doctrine was a failed turning point in
           | business thinking [0] and unfortunately pervasive in people's
           | perspective today. Prominent shareholders often have
           | different motives than that of delighting the customer.
           | Motives that are very short term profit driven. Such a toxic
           | way to purport value.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedman_doctrine
        
             | kergonath wrote:
             | Thanks. There should be such a comment every time someone
             | mentions "but they have to maximise profit" and "think of
             | the shareholder". This point of view is not rooted in any
             | law or legal principle and is just the Wall Street version
             | of "might makes right".
        
               | WanderPanda wrote:
               | Of course it is rooted in law, natural law. Imagine a
               | company makes a decent profit and then decides its goal
               | is not to make so much profit anymore? What do you think
               | would happen? I would vouch for Parkinsons Law kicking in
               | instantly. This would just end up in a waste of resources
               | and misery overall
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | I think I see what you mean, but natural law is something
               | else entirely. Under that framework, maximising profit
               | for the few at the expense of the rest of society is
               | unjust.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_law
        
               | WanderPanda wrote:
               | Ah didn't know that, thanks! (was translating literally
               | from german)
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | There's a bit more here, also interesting:
               | https://acoup.blog/2019/12/12/collections-a-trip-through-
               | cic...
               | 
               | We could use a revival of these ideas (which were the
               | foundation of the enlightenment) in our era of blase
               | cynicism.
               | 
               | Then, if I understood, your point goes back to "might
               | makes right", as in, we have the power, we might as well
               | take the money, and to hell with long term prospects or
               | society. It is unfortunate that these people have so much
               | influence over the rest of us. It is also a demonstration
               | that optimising private interests does not result in
               | public good, that is, the invisible hand of the market is
               | utter bollocks.
        
             | WanderPanda wrote:
             | I read this "Motives that are very short term profit
             | driven." everywhere but never came to an explanation why
             | that would be the case (something above anecdotal level).
             | In my understanding DCF is just the natural way to put it.
             | Maybe the discounting rate can depend a bit on the
             | shareholder, but in large the investment horizon of most
             | players should be quite far, given the current "risk-free"
             | return.
        
               | windexh8er wrote:
               | I don't think you need to look much further than the
               | ridiculous analysis of quarterly earnings to support that
               | idea.
        
         | A12-B wrote:
         | On the contrary, this is the one example of a company doing
         | something for the public good even when no one asked them to.
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | How so? Take this excerpt from the article:
           | 
           | > Nvidia does state that these GPUs "don't meet the
           | specifications required of a GeForce GPU and, thus, don't
           | impact the availability of GeForce GPUs to gamers." Frankly,
           | that doesn't mean much. What does Nvidia do with a GPU that
           | normally can't be sold as an RTX 3090? They bin it as a 3080,
           | and GA102 chips that can't meet the 3080 requirements can end
           | up in a future 3070 (or maybe a 3070 Ti). The same goes for
           | the rest of the line. Make no mistake: These are GPUs that
           | could have gone into a graphics card. Maybe not a reference
           | 3060 Ti, 3070, 3080, or 3090, but we've seen TU104 chips in
           | RTX 2060 cards, so anything is possible.
           | 
           | Combine with their after market value (see
           | https://youtu.be/XfIibTBaoMM), this is no more than Nividia
           | trying to spin goodwill whilst padding their bottom line.
        
             | DoctorNick wrote:
             | Because cryptocurrency mining is now one of the biggest
             | contributors to climate change. It is killing the planet.
             | It is a moral imperiative to shut it down by any means
             | necessary.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | gp's point is that even though it might have a positive
               | effect on climate change, the decision was likely not
               | made for altruistic reasons. It's like the apple charger
               | debacle from a few months ago.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | That's neither true nor the reason why Nvidia is doing
               | this.
               | 
               | What Nvidia is doing is like a dad making his kids share
               | their sweets in a 50:50 ratio by taking advantage of the
               | fact that one of his kids has a peanut allergy and the
               | other has a walnut allergy and therefore 50% of the
               | sweets contain peanuts and the other 50% walnuts.
        
               | kortex wrote:
               | It's 121 TWh/y, world total is on the order of 160,000
               | TWh/y (primary energy supply), so crypto is less than 1
               | part per thousand.
               | 
               | It's huge for pushing numbers around, but hardly "one of
               | the biggest contributions".
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-56012952
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_energy_consumption
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | The source for the BBC article
               | (https://cbeci.org/cbeci/comparisons) even gives it as
               | 0.48% of total electricity production and 0.55% of total
               | electricity consumption. The graph it and the article
               | shows us misleading as it only compares electricity and
               | not total energy consumption.
        
               | amarshall wrote:
               | Sure, but Nvidia is now selling cards specifically
               | marketed towards miners (CMP). Their goal appears to be
               | profit, little more.
        
               | kamranjon wrote:
               | 'One of the biggest contributors to climate change' -
               | this is so far from being even remotely true
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | Perhaps overstated, but it is a noticeable percentage of
               | global electricity use spent on what is at best an
               | enabling technology for the somewhat quixotic pursuits of
               | a tiny fraction of the population.
               | 
               | You should of course make your own judgments, but many
               | people do not consider that a good tradeoff.
        
               | glogla wrote:
               | It's not quixotic, it's capitalism in it's purest form.
               | They are literally destroying the planet for money and
               | don't give a fuck.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | I'd assume you're referring to this source
               | (https://cbeci.org/cbeci/comparisons) which gives 0.6% of
               | total electricity production.
               | 
               | Out of total energy production that's closer to 0.07%
               | (~170,000 TWh in 2019
               | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-energy-
               | substitutio...).
        
               | SXX wrote:
               | Keep in mind that bulk of crypto mining is quite
               | centralized around the places with cheap elictricity so
               | it's also mean cheapest source give highest advantage.
               | 
               | Unlike actual people mining farms can be placed right
               | next to power source so it's easier to use Nuclear / Wind
               | / Solar / Hydro for such purposes.
        
               | danhor wrote:
               | > Unlike actual people mining farms can be placed right
               | next to power source so it's easier to use Nuclear / Wind
               | / Solar / Hydro for such purposes.
               | 
               | While electricity transportation is an issue, it's not a
               | huge one compared to the likes of storage and actually
               | having something generating electricity. And, as it turns
               | out, a lot of the mining farms just use coal
               | (https://decrypt.co/43848/why-bitcoin-miners-dont-use-
               | more-re...), with only around 40% of the energy coming
               | from renewables. Even _if_ they were only using
               | renewables, it 's still not zero carbon, since renewables
               | also need to be built & since the total power consumption
               | is increased, older coal plants might be used for longer.
               | 
               | For something, where the economic value is comparatively
               | low.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | The link in your article to the primary source of the
               | Cambridge University survey is unfortunately dead. The
               | alternative metric given
               | (https://digiconomist.net/bitcoin-energy-consumption/)
               | currency predicts 36.95 Million Tonnes of CO2.
               | 
               | That's 0.1% of total CO2 emissions per year
               | (https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-co-emissions-
               | by-re...) and 0.074% of global CO2eq
               | (https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-sector).
               | 
               | I'd probably agree that this is still pretty high for
               | what amount to digital hording.
               | 
               | On the other hand the seccond most popular blockchain
               | Ethereum is estimated at half the energy consumption
               | (https://digiconomist.net/ethereum-energy-consumption),
               | has a plan to move to proof of stake and has a lot more
               | economic value.
               | 
               | The space is still new and bitcoin has first mover's
               | advantage, name recognition and trust (most hashrate,
               | most reviewed codebase, etc).
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | How did you reach this conclusion? Do you have some
               | sources and numbers?
               | 
               | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-energy-
               | substitutio... puts the latest number at 173,340 TWh in
               | 2019. This is an underestimate for the current value as
               | energy consumption has been increasing.
               | 
               | https://cbeci.org/ estimates the annualised consumption
               | based on a 7 day moving average of 120.87 TWh for
               | bitcoin. To be generous let's assume all cryptocurrency
               | mining is double that for 241.74 TWh.
               | 
               | That's only 0.14% of the total energy production, a lot
               | of which comes from renuables (abundant cheap electricity
               | means more profits for miners).
               | 
               | Even if you assume the worst case of 1100 gCO2eq/kWh (htt
               | ps://www.parliament.uk/globalassets/documents/post/postpn
               | ...) that's 265.914 Million Tonnes and
               | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-co2-emissions-
               | per-... shows the 2019 value at 36.44 Billion Tonnes
               | 
               | That's a grave overestimate of 0.73% assuming the most
               | pollution energy production and even then it doesn't even
               | compare to any other sector:
               | https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-sector
        
               | Azeralthefallen wrote:
               | https://cbeci.org/cbeci/comparisons
               | 
               | Right here it says `20 863 TWh` which is nearly 10 times
               | your worst case.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | I suppose people cracking passwords might buy otherwise
         | outdated CMP cards. Could be a boon for that space.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | NVIDIA should instead just require people to take an exam about
         | either games or machine learning in order to be able to
         | purchase a GPU. Problem solved.
        
         | social_quotient wrote:
         | Yeah, imagine if this applied to trucks. No one could use one
         | for non truck bed usage. Ford disables ignition if it detects
         | the bed is empty after X concurrent uses or miles.
         | 
         | Trucks generally are often wasted (from a green perspective)
         | because people like them not for their intended design utility.
         | 
         | Same for single passenger SUV usage etc...
         | 
         | (I drive an SUV - not trolling those that do)
        
           | thgaway17 wrote:
           | Yeah it would suck, but if Ford F150s were selling for
           | $100,000 because drag racers were buying them up, I don't
           | think I'd mind.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | That's not exactly the same because vehicles are essential
             | for everyday life (commuting), whereas GPUs aren't.
        
               | ratww wrote:
               | GPUs are essential for a few jobs that are essential to
               | our society. They're not just for games.
        
               | myself248 wrote:
               | We must have different definitions of "essential". I'm
               | curious which jobs you're referring to, because to my
               | understanding, every aspect of society that I consider
               | essential, has existed since before the advent of GPUs.
        
               | marcooliv wrote:
               | well, it's fundamental for my business, GPU overpriced
               | can affect people's life.
        
               | o-__-o wrote:
               | I just want to upgrade my 9 year old pc. I'm not looking
               | forward to spending $400 for what should cost $170
        
               | Shared404 wrote:
               | Contact local small-scale computer repair shops.
               | 
               | We often have used GPU's for around the price range
               | you're looking for. They won't be fantastic, but probably
               | an upgrade for a 9 year old machine.
               | 
               | Edit: I should also add, a lot of the really small scale
               | shops also don't list 100% of their inventory online,
               | with the benefit that it doesn't get scalped up like
               | everything else.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | apricot wrote:
           | > Yeah, imagine if this applied to trucks. No one could use
           | one for non truck bed usage.
           | 
           | John Deere has entered the chat.
        
           | s3cur3 wrote:
           | I think it's important to note that the 3060 is not for sale
           | yet. Nvidia is telling everyone up front that this is how
           | it's going to work.
           | 
           | The analogy is improved like this: Ford announces in advance
           | that their upcoming truck requires a certain usage, and if
           | you want whatever special commercial usage, you need to pay a
           | premium. You might be grumpy about the upcharge, but this is
           | a very different situation from them changing the terms of
           | the deal _after_ the sale.
        
             | social_quotient wrote:
             | Yeah I thought about commercial usage. And they do
             | generally need a specific license types. Eg I can't drive a
             | dump truck. But then I started thinking the analogous Tesla
             | v100 or something which is higher priced for commercial
             | application. Wouldn't it be fair to say nvidia makes the
             | 3060-3090 for gamers and not for commercial rendering
             | farms. So why is using a gaming gpu for autocad really any
             | different than using it for mining.
             | 
             | Implicit somewhere is the economics and supply is that
             | nvidia has made these ans knows people use them for work.
             | What would be our collective thinking if they made the gpu
             | not work for non games?
             | 
             | This would probably increase supply further for the gamers.
             | Commercial users should and would pay more since they are
             | literally profiting from their use.
             | 
             | Miners would buy the edition now meant for them.
        
             | MikeUt wrote:
             | The key difference is a manufacturer exerting control over
             | what you're allowed to do with property that is supposedly
             | "yours". That the terms were announced ahead of time will
             | mean little once this becomes commonplace.
        
               | jowsie wrote:
               | This has been commonplace for a long time. See consoles,
               | phones, etc.
        
         | ta988 wrote:
         | Try scanning a dollar bill and importing it in Photoshop.
        
         | hoppla wrote:
         | I am hoping to repurpose the gpu/cmp for a hashcat rig once
         | cards no longer provide income for miners. I fear I no longer
         | will be able to use GPUs for this, and are crossing my fingers
         | for cmps
        
         | [deleted]
        
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