[HN Gopher] UK to launch taxpayer-funded high-risk tech research...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       UK to launch taxpayer-funded high-risk tech research agency exempt
       from FOI
        
       Author : cesarosum
       Score  : 148 points
       Date   : 2021-02-17 13:37 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.thetimes.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.thetimes.co.uk)
        
       | tschellenbach wrote:
       | Basic research (IE things that are not monetizable in the
       | near(ish) term) don't get anywhere near enough funding. Companies
       | do a great job taking things from 1% to 100. There is a funding
       | gap for the first bit.
       | 
       | A solution is definitely needed for that, I don't think a
       | government funded agency will do it though.
        
       | jtbayly wrote:
       | So immediately this is where people will go to hide their pork?
        
       | martingoodson wrote:
       | What's stopping this money going to friends of Tory MPs or,
       | worse, to Deloitte?
        
       | FuckButtons wrote:
       | Exempt from foi = is a vehicle for putting taxpayer cash in our
       | mates pockets.
        
       | niffydroid wrote:
       | It's amazing how government comes around in a circle. There was
       | DERA(Defence Evaluation and Research Agency) which the government
       | pretty much privatised by spinning it off as Qinetiq
       | 
       | For me the issue is they intend to invest into 'projects', why
       | phrase it like that? If it's research, then you're finding out
       | new information, proving theories etc, so to deem it as high risk
       | project is strange, just treat it as research, it's allowed to
       | fail!
       | 
       | Another one is the FOI. This is just stupid, we should know what
       | the money is being spent on, what the outcomes, things learnt
       | etc. It doesn't have to be the costings down to how much a tea
       | bag costs. Just the top level stuff. I'm happy for top secret
       | projects to be exempt if there is serious national security
       | concerns. But if the public aren't allowed to see it, then who is
       | getting the benefit? Could very well be private companies (which
       | isn't a bad thing, but we've paid for them to gain advantage...)
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defence_Evaluation_and_Researc...
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qinetiq
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | I still don't see how any government granting committee can
       | outperform hundreds of private venture funds competing for
       | exposure to new opportunities. Even if you have a government
       | dept. of 10x geniuses, they don't scale to compete with a healthy
       | investment community.
       | 
       | As described, the risks I see are that, it has the incentives for
       | a patronage slush fund, there will be selection bias to hedge
       | political risk around people applying, and it will just become
       | another grant vehicle for academics in the publish-or-perish
       | regime, and instead of "making something people want," in the
       | venture model, it means, "find things nobody else understands
       | well enough to care about." To people outside of it, it will look
       | a lot like corruption.
        
         | ThouYS wrote:
         | Depends all on the implementation. DARPA seems to (have)
         | work(ed) fine
        
         | donal6343 wrote:
         | And this government has form for corruption.. awarding COVID
         | PPE contracts to their chums!
        
         | hogFeast wrote:
         | The UK has had an issue with early-stage financing for nearly a
         | century (the Macmillan Gap). There are numerous examples of
         | these schemes working in the UK and without: in East Asia,
         | ICFC, Scottish Enterprise, some programs in the EU...there is
         | no real question that this can work (this isn't replacing
         | venture capital btw, this is just...not what this is for, the
         | idea that this wouldn't work though is also totally incorrect,
         | you could have believed it in the 80s, not now).
         | 
         | Equally, the UK has a gap in research funding. The private
         | sector has had, literally, decades to close it. The gap is
         | closed in many other economies by the govt, so this is a
         | reasonable solution. The govt has also done a huge amount to
         | involve the private sector, most of the approach has been about
         | the private sector but this is targeted on an area where it is
         | basically understood there is market failure.
         | 
         | There are always risks around politics, this has happened to an
         | extent with Scottish Enterprise and the new SIB, but this
         | problem isn't going to solve itself, and the path to oversight
         | is relatively straightforward. Saying that has to be corruption
         | just makes no sense when any funding is going to be under the
         | same constraints as most other govt funding (I have no idea why
         | people FOI is public scrutiny, it isn't, FOI would not help you
         | uncover corruption to any degree...that isn't what it is for or
         | how it is used, if you believe that the govt is corrupt, defund
         | all services, that is it...that is the only logical conclusion
         | that can be drawn from that belief, we have FOI and it isn't
         | stopping corruption...so defund it all).
        
         | notahacker wrote:
         | VC has quite specific expectations for an opportunity: the
         | company that develops the service enjoying massive growth (or a
         | massive strategic acquisition) within a decade or so. VCs
         | weren't competing to fund Apollo missions or poverty reduction
         | and not because nobody wanted them.
         | 
         | Government can invest in projects which have different types of
         | return: projects which are only beneficial or more beneficial
         | if given away for free, projects which will take a lot longer
         | than a decade to come to fruition, projects which are important
         | to government social objectives but just not big enough
         | commercial markets to be interesting to VC and projects which
         | the government will be the only customer for so might as well
         | cut the VC middleman out. Even on a purely financial return
         | basis, the VC captures only captures the part of the return the
         | portfolio company can charge for: the government collects the
         | tax receipts from everyone who benefits in the sector including
         | competitors who copy, and doles out resources to the entire
         | supply chain and consumers too/
         | 
         | Sure, _making it secret_ certainly increases patronage slush
         | fund potential but it 's not like that isn't already there, or
         | like VCs are perfectly efficient investment machines who never
         | consider their network or biases before spending LP funds, or
         | had much role in many of last century's significant inventions.
        
           | madaxe_again wrote:
           | For an indication of how this will go, it's worth looking at
           | how the existing R&D grants system is used and abused.
           | 
           | I have done a few "hold your nose" consultancy gigs for an
           | outfit that specialises in the entirely legal, if morally
           | dubious, process, of importing the family of high net worth
           | individuals on entrepreneurship visas - and laundering their
           | money into the U.K.
           | 
           | I was approached in 2016, after I cashed out of my business,
           | by an acquaintance from school who had spent a few years as a
           | Tory MP, and was now using his barristers chambers to run
           | this scheme. He was the head of chambers' nephew, and is
           | still considered their golden goose, because this stuff is
           | seriously lucrative.
           | 
           | I'd provide a business plan, and would be the U.K. national
           | director. They'd be the investor director from overseas. I
           | assigned all reporting etc. over to the agency, so I was just
           | producing business plans and providing a U.K. taxpayer's
           | identity.
           | 
           | They'd put in their money (as it's an investment the burdens
           | of UWOs and so-forth don't apply, as it's counted as a
           | liability, not an asset), the government would match it, and
           | they then come to Mayfair, pay themselves a salary for three
           | years, do an annual R&D tax credit and get a nice big cheque
           | from HMRC, and then wind the whole thing up when it
           | "unexpectedly fails".
           | 
           | I did two of these before I got cold feet. A Russian
           | oligarch's son, a Kazakh oligarch's wife. Never met them,
           | only found out their IDs after the companies were
           | incorporated.
           | 
           | Whole damn thing stinks to high hell, but it's essentially
           | the intended purpose of the scheme.
        
             | IanCal wrote:
             | That's about tax and R&D right? This is about a new funding
             | agency, a very different thing.
        
             | motohagiography wrote:
             | So glad you told this story. We have analogous arrangements
             | in Canada. The investment visa is one side of it, but we
             | have a massive money laundering issue, to the point where
             | casual BBQ conversations are about how many of the retail
             | businesses in Toronto are obvious fronts and it's a
             | significant factor in retail rents. Normal people think
             | their politicians are paid off by foreign gangsters to turn
             | a blind eye to the laundering operations.
             | 
             | The problem is that local politicians can stay in power
             | using "donations," from this grey/black market foreign
             | money, laundered through the R&D credit system, and they
             | don't need the support of the local citizens or businesses.
             | The R&D credit system risks being more than just a public
             | spending problem, it's a corruption problem.
        
             | notahacker wrote:
             | Sure, I'm disagreeing with the principle that government
             | investment has no place in a world where VCs exist rather
             | than praising the design of this particular scheme (no
             | prizes for guessing which former SPAD known for being
             | almost as enthusiastic about zero accountability as science
             | might have designed it...).
             | 
             | As I'm sure you know there are less um... creative uses of
             | R&D tax credits and SEIS too, and I've heard some very
             | strange entirely private sector funding arrangements ("but
             | we don't need to worry about whether the losses on taking
             | on this project with that obligation will burn our
             | remaining capital, because someone who used to work at that
             | company will be impressed enough to angel invest") proposed
             | too. And some rank bad recipients of everyday properly
             | tendered government procurement, for that matter.
             | 
             | And I presume oligarchs and money laundering operations
             | actually _want_ the paper trail to provide vaguely
             | plausible explanations for being in London with the ability
             | to write large cheques.
        
         | tinktank wrote:
         | > I still don't see how any government granting committee can
         | outperform hundreds of private venture funds competing for
         | exposure to new opportunities. Even if you have a government
         | dept. of 10x geniuses, they don't scale to compete with a
         | healthy investment community.
         | 
         | Isn't the difference that VCs are looking for short-to-medium
         | term opportunities as they want a return on capital? Presumably
         | gvt funding means riskier projects can be undertaken.
        
         | g_p wrote:
         | I think the intention is to fund riskier investments that
         | traditional VC would turn its nose up to and say "come back
         | with an MVP and a customer".
         | 
         | The internet is probably a cliche example, but it came out of
         | DARPA as a resilient control network for the military. Nobody
         | at the time envisaged the impact it would have - it was an
         | interesting technical piece of work that scratched an itch.
         | Funding it resulted in a huge economic and strategic benefit
         | for the US. It makes sense for other countries to attempt to
         | replicate this model.
         | 
         | Being able to strategically fund technically interesting (but
         | highly adventurous) moon-shots is not really attempting to out-
         | perform VCs - the goal is to evaluate and fund a portfolio of
         | crazy (but credible) ideas, accepting they may fail, and that
         | they won't run according to nice quarterly deliverable
         | schedules, as things will go wrong.
         | 
         | Academic funding is very broken to begin with, as it focuses so
         | hard on reducing the risk of projects that non-delivery (i.e.
         | negative outcomes) are frowned upon or not tolerated (depending
         | on the field) - this is a very unhealthy set of incentives. We
         | should allow research to fail and return negative results, and
         | not penalise the researchers. Not everything will work.
         | Especially for early career researchers, they might be over-
         | optimistic about how long something will take.
         | 
         | Researchers are trained to be so risk-averse that they are
         | often seeking grant funding for work they've already done, in
         | order to reduce (to near-zero) the risk of non-delivery. They
         | then use that grant funding to tide over doing innovative
         | research on the side, or doing the majority of the de-risking
         | of it, in order ot be ready to bid for future funding for that
         | idea, keeping the conveyor belt moving. But you have to find a
         | way to get onto the conveyor belt and get started running on
         | it.
         | 
         | Hopefully this research approach will embrace failure and
         | delayed delivery for good reason, and focus instead on what can
         | be learned, rather than on having low-skilled box-tickers
         | focused on managing other people's projects - the two hallmaks
         | of current govt funded research.
        
         | addicted wrote:
         | They are unlikely to be more efficient than VCs but that's not
         | really relevant when VCs have completely different goals and
         | incentives than what the government may need.
         | 
         | If there was an effective way to enlist VCs while aligning
         | goals then they would opt for it.
         | 
         | Space exploration is a good use case here. The US government
         | has found a way to align its goals with that of the private
         | space industry and is therefore seeing tremendous efficiencies.
         | However, because of a whole bunch of reasons (largely because
         | there was a lot of basic open ended R&D that needed to be done)
         | this alignment was probably not possible in the 60s and NASA
         | was more successful.
        
         | KoftaBob wrote:
         | Government research funds like this are able to have a much
         | bigger risk appetite than a traditional VC would.
         | 
         | Many moonshot projects require a very large amount of capital
         | to get up and running, and run a high risk of failing. For a
         | typical VC firm, they will rarely choose to invest in something
         | like that if there are other opportunities that don't require
         | as much up front capital, and with better odds of succeeding.
         | 
         | When you don't have LPs and/or shareholders to answer to, you
         | can afford to take greater risks on more ambitious projects.
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | > Even if you have a government dept. of 10x geniuses
         | 
         | In Government? I chuckled.
         | 
         | > it will just become another grant vehicle for academics in
         | the publish-or-perish regime
         | 
         | I can already see the selection committee, all from non-
         | technical backgrounds, getting clear instructions on who to
         | fund and who to reject based on the demographics the party
         | wants to appeal to and existing donors.
        
           | hardlianotion wrote:
           | That's not how current government funding for projects
           | currently works - why is this so fundamentally different?
        
             | 908B64B197 wrote:
             | This one is exempt from FOI.
             | 
             | So the public will never know why a project was selected
             | over another. Or why it failed, or what happened to the
             | money.
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | (D)ARPA developed the research behind the Internet and GPS.
         | Private venture capital gave us Facebook. Are you sure you want
         | to make this argument?
         | 
         | Venture capital funding is a great way for _product_ research
         | and development to be outsourced---nobody is going to notice if
         | the project fails but if it doesn 't there is money to be had.
         | Near-basic research has an extremely long time horizon
         | (internet research started in the 1970s and didn't become
         | publicly useful until the 1990s) and may never be profitable.
         | Further, _nobody_ wants the results of a long term research
         | project until they already have it and can see the utility.
        
         | jdavis703 wrote:
         | The internet came out of a US government funded "advanced
         | research projects agency." It took decades before VCs monetized
         | that research.
        
           | LinuxBender wrote:
           | Most of the tech industry in fact came out of that government
           | funded research. I bet half of the people working for In-Q-
           | Tel [1][2] _and similar gov VC_ funded companies don 't even
           | understand that relationship. I should add that even if a
           | company is not listed, it does not mean some of the VC
           | funding did not come from one of the gov VC's.
           | 
           | [1] - https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/in-q-
           | tel/recent_inve...
           | 
           | [2] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-Q-Tel [note] not every
           | company is listed
        
           | motohagiography wrote:
           | The Roman empire created roads, but we don't attribute
           | railroads and cars to them. I think "government spending
           | invented the internet," is the "you like roads, dontcha?" of
           | our time. ARPA wasn't open ended research either, it was to
           | respond to the existential threat of nuclear annihilation.
           | Conflating public largess with national defence spending is a
           | category error. Not to belabour it, but I do think this trope
           | needs to be put to bed.
           | 
           | How should government fund basic vs. moonshot research?
           | Incentives. If they think they are smart enough to allocate
           | funds via a committee, they need to be smart enough to figure
           | out how to structure incentives.
        
             | raverbashing wrote:
             | "Incentives"
             | 
             | 50 years (give or take) and with a lot of government help
             | yet did we have private space exploration.
             | 
             | How many medical companies sat on their hands and have not
             | pursued a covid treatment of vaccines?
             | 
             | The free market can't solve everything.
             | 
             | Governments (or more specifically, countries) don't have
             | the existential threat incentive that companies have.
        
           | bko wrote:
           | Finance was very immature industry at that time. There wasn't
           | a lot of money in private investment funds and the investment
           | vehicles to capitalize on this research didn't yet exist.
           | Today's private market would likely seize on an opportunity
           | like the internet. There is appetite for long term focus in
           | today's investors. Just look at PE (price-earnings) ratios of
           | today's stocks, and the frothy revenue multiples in
           | valuations over the last ten years.
        
             | cj wrote:
             | Most VC funds have an expected lifespan of (roughly) 10
             | years. Some longer, some shorter.
             | 
             | If your VC makes an investment 2 years into the fund, the
             | expected return must come within 8 years if it's a 10 year
             | fund.
             | 
             | I guess it comes down to what we consider "long term". If
             | "long term" means 5-10 years, then the VC model works.
             | 
             | But if "long term" means 10-25 years or longer, the VC
             | model becomes an unrealistic financing option.
        
           | vanderZwan wrote:
           | Similarly, the photolithography tech used by ASML Holding
           | originated from research funded by the Dutch government.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASML_Holding
        
         | yawaworht1978 wrote:
         | Wasn't the internet itself funded by the government before
         | companies like google and amazon abused everything that was not
         | regulated soon enough?
         | 
         | The governments should not be inventors, though, I agree.
         | Government should regulate and protect without uncalled for
         | interventions.
         | 
         | Publicly funded non foi sounds like a playground for scammers
         | and corruption.
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | Outperform on what?
         | 
         | Different structures yield different results. Venture backed
         | startups produce results different to internal R&D departments,
         | for example. Open source/open culture projects yield different
         | results than typical startups.
         | 
         | I don't think a VC fund would have invented the internet, not
         | in the 60s. I don't think the worldwideweb could have been
         | invented by a typical corporation. If it had been, it would
         | have been more like facebook than the www. America Online and
         | others were attempts at a proprietary FB-esque www. The web
         | would have been different if they won. Linux is different from
         | Windows. Different types of organisations make different kinds
         | of things. If we only have one type of organisation, we limit
         | the possible outcomes.
         | 
         | The vast majority of current VC success stories are neither
         | here nor there in terms of public benefit. The next tiktok is a
         | great return for VCs, but consumers are not likely to lack for
         | social networking innovations either way. I think this is a
         | sign of overinvestment in one category. They're fighting over
         | the pie, more often that baking it now. This wasn't the case
         | circa 2005.
         | 
         | Funding structure and organisational structure are kind of
         | similar for these purposes.
         | 
         | Tesla's uniqueness is another case in point. Musk funded it
         | himself. There isn't really a type of financing, besides self
         | financing, that could have done that. Banks and hedge funds
         | don't want high risk projects. VCs don't want projects that
         | require lots of funding once successful. Despite being a
         | superstar CEO, Musk's initial investment diluted him from 100%
         | to nearly 0 at one point. Technically, the shares that he owns
         | were earned back as CEO performance bonus. Not attractive to a
         | VC... compared to a facebook.
         | 
         | I doubt that Tesla is the only such project possible,
         | technically. Funding structures just make it less likely.
         | 
         | In much of the west (UK certainly), our economies have gotten
         | very intangible. Software, Banking, financing, entertainment,
         | patentable tech. Some of this is because the world presents
         | those opportunities. Some of it is because of financial
         | structures. We have bigger/better financing structures for some
         | things more than others.
         | 
         | Silicon Valley developed a unique economy based on a pretty
         | unique web of financiers, angels and VCs.
         | 
         | All that said, I have no idea if this agency is good/useful.
         | Sounds dubious, honestly.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | delightful wrote:
       | Related recent official report on advanced research:
       | 
       | https://committees.parliament.uk/publications/4665/documents...
        
       | acallaghan wrote:
       | In my opinion, there should still be an oversight board of non-
       | govt people to stop abuse, and maybe still abide by ethical
       | standards.
        
       | bitcharmer wrote:
       | Ah yes, another way for the tories and their rich friends to
       | siphon public funds to private pockets with zero transparency.
        
       | marcus_holmes wrote:
       | Why is the government spending tax money on creating new
       | technology with huge risk? Surely this is something that
       | investment funds should be doing, with the investors appopriately
       | aware of the risks?
       | 
       | Who is going to benefit from any discovered new tech? Are the
       | benefits going to be socialised, or is it just the risk?
       | 
       | If it was supporting pure research - finding great researchers
       | and freeing them from the grant treadmill - I'd be supportive,
       | but this doesn't sound like that.
        
         | mcny wrote:
         | > If it was supporting pure research - finding great
         | researchers and freeing them from the grant treadmill - I'd be
         | supportive, but this doesn't sound like that.
         | 
         | Same here. I am all for more research but we want more
         | transparency, not less.
         | 
         | > Ministers will announce plans tomorrow for an PS800 million
         | scientific research agency legally entitled to invest in
         | projects that are likely to fail and which will be exempted
         | from freedom of information laws.
         | 
         | This makes no sense to me. Why would they need to be exempt
         | from freedom of information?
         | 
         | > It will be exempt from rules designed to prevent taxpayers'
         | money from being invested in projects with little chance of
         | success. Ministers hope that the agency, to be set up next
         | year, will produce next-generation technology.
         | 
         | This I completely support. From what I understand, the COVID
         | vaccine wouldn't be here if it wasn't for some scientists
         | working on some seemingly dead-end path for years.
         | 
         | Overall, I don't understand this initiative at all. The last
         | thing I'd want is pulling funding away form fundamental
         | research and putting it in some Instagram clone. I'd even be OK
         | if this money went to some kind of James
         | Bond/Quartermaster/DARPA thing instead.
        
           | richrichardsson wrote:
           | > Why would they need to be exempt from freedom of
           | information?
           | 
           | So no-one can find out where the best part of a billion
           | pounds went?
        
             | parkersweb wrote:
             | And specifically no-one can tie that billion pounds to the
             | business interests of ministers or their family members...
        
       | maxehmookau wrote:
       | What on earth could possibly go wrong with this.
        
       | Ericson2314 wrote:
       | We have truly entered the state capitalist era. (Collectively
       | funded research is great, secrecy about it isn't.)
        
       | oli5679 wrote:
       | The USA's DARPA program funded important research into
       | 
       | - The internet
       | 
       | - GPS
       | 
       | - Graphical user interface and mouse
       | 
       | - Onion routing
       | 
       | - Voice assistant
       | 
       | Hopefully this program executes well. There is clearly a big
       | social payoff to betting big on credible people doing risky
       | research with high potential impact.
       | 
       | https://www.itpro.co.uk/technology/34730/10-amazing-darpa-in...
        
         | madaxe_again wrote:
         | That's nice, but this isn't what this will be about. This will
         | be a means of funnelling cash to party donors without
         | oversight, nothing more. Hence the FOI exception.
         | 
         | I mean, just look at how they've fared in the last 18 months
         | alone - how many unaccountable tens of billions did they pay
         | out to their donors?
         | 
         | I had Tory ministers' children approaching me about putting
         | together business plans to help them get covid grants - same
         | crowd who I used to help with R&D grants, which were also used
         | to get high net worth individuals with money of dubious origin
         | into the country. I anticipate I'll be hearing from them again.
         | 
         | This kind of funding will not develop anything but the wealth
         | divide.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | afandian wrote:
           | Anyone who doubts the veracity of the claims of Tory
           | corruption, here and throughout the thread, please check out
           | the Good Law project and the litigation currently in UK
           | courts.
           | 
           | https://goodlawproject.org/news/
        
           | grey-area wrote:
           | For those doubting the above, here is an example from the
           | recent past of corruption from the Prime Minister, paying his
           | lover with public funds:
           | 
           | https://metro.co.uk/2019/10/31/10000-grant-given-boris-
           | johns...
        
             | dalbasal wrote:
             | The problem with this line of argument is that it applies
             | to anything and everything done under the current
             | conservative banner.
             | 
             | IE, Torrie/Boris corruption is the _only_ topic. Whether it
             | 's a British DARPA, new sewage plant, or change to the tax
             | code, the only thing to say is " _They 're corrupt. This is
             | just another pilfering._"
             | 
             | I'm sympathetic to the focus on corruption. Corruption is
             | bad. That said, I don't think the UK is at the point where
             | everything is just corruption and nothing more. There _is_
             | room to talk about things other than corruption too.
             | Besides, this particular flavour of corruption is almost
             | always present. Whether it 's the VC's boyfriend, bank
             | manager's mistress or political boys clubs. Insiders get
             | insider access. I don't like it either, but where/when is
             | this _not_ the case? It 's not a coincidence that so many
             | of your (or american) parliamentarians went to school
             | together?
             | 
             | I am sure knowing people at DARPA, being married to a
             | general or whatever is a big help too.
             | 
             | Americans are worse than you guys on these fronts, and
             | they're not the worst either.
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | > IE, Torrie/Boris corruption is the only topic.
               | 
               | Only because he's so enthusiastic and shameless about it.
               | Open corruption is corrosive in a democracy, they deserve
               | to be hit on the head with it until they stop.
               | 
               | And there's no point lamenting these poor (!) tories. If
               | you were around when a bunch of ministers and high-
               | ranking politicians were sacked, some of them thrown in
               | jail, for using public funds for their benefits, you know
               | they did not get away with it. Both media and public
               | opinion were relentless, and that was under New Labour.
               | And the sums were much, much smaller than these phony
               | contracts to old mates.
        
               | hogFeast wrote:
               | Just to be totally clear too, a certain section of the
               | British public is neuralgic about the Tories (inner city
               | Remainers usually).
               | 
               | They believe there is massive levels of corruption
               | because, unfortunately, the media is largely composed of
               | neuralgics too and they are quite happy to feed the
               | beast. The past twelve months or so has gone from: Brexit
               | is stupid to there are huge levels of corruption, all
               | these people are evil, and should be in jail. It is
               | alarming, although not surprising, that untruths have
               | been swallowed so eagerly (to be clear, this is 100%
               | about Brexit, not corruption).
               | 
               | So: under Labour the same stuff happened, when anyone
               | asked for polling or consulting (the latest issue de
               | jure) it inevitably came from people connected to Labour
               | (McKinsey's London office in the 2000s was largely
               | composed of people with political connections, they
               | worked closely with Blair), this is normal because
               | (shock) if you are in politics, you have certain ideas
               | and aren't going to hire people who will try to actively
               | sabotage you.
               | 
               | In terms of public contracts, what isn't made clear to
               | the public is that the UK has several bodies who examined
               | all of these contracts. The public believes that because
               | they were fast-tracked, there was no scrutiny. No, the
               | NAO looked at all the contracts, and found no evidence of
               | corruption (there is a substantiali report on this
               | topic). There is a certain publicity hungry lobbying
               | group which has repeatedly claimed there was no
               | corruption...the actual evidence of this has, still, not
               | been found (and they have moved on from their earlier
               | claims to yet more "shocking" new claims of corruption
               | that they will still likely be unable to
               | prove...unsurprisingly, they are raising significant
               | funds to reverse Brexit...which is presumably their angle
               | with all this).
               | 
               | So I would say: this isn't "corruption" in any global
               | sense of the word. Most of the things that people
               | attribute to "corruption" are bad govt. For example, PFI
               | means some companies do very well but the issue was that
               | civil servants and govts signed these deals, and paid no
               | attention to the terms. There is massive scrutiny of govt
               | purchasing in the UK. If you are corrupt, the risks are
               | infinite and the return is zero. What does happen is:
               | people choose to buy things from people they know and who
               | agree with them (the latter being very important in
               | politics), it is someone knowing someone else, this
               | happens in business. Talking about "corruption" in
               | British politics is, however, ludicrous.
        
               | lordnacho wrote:
               | It's a good point, Labour did a bunch of PPI deals that
               | didn't seem to benefit the public as much as the private
               | collaborators. So it's not exclusive to one party, but
               | the Conversatives have been in power for a fairly long
               | time now.
               | 
               | Long term we need transparency from whoever is in charge.
        
               | dalbasal wrote:
               | Sure, corruption and insiderism is an important topic in
               | its own right.
               | 
               | Up and down this thread though, it seems that British
               | HNers are insisting that it's the _only_ topic. IE, they
               | 're against this agency (and presumably everything else
               | that spends money in any way) because corruption.
               | 
               | Is this true for roads? No new schools, parks or research
               | agencies until corruption is gone? It seems over the top
               | to me. The " _Boris ' girlfriend gets a PS100k grant_"
               | storyline is salacious, but I don't think it's unusual.
               | Insiderism exists. It existed yesterday, last year. I'm
               | sure Winston Churchill's girlfriend also did well out of
               | the deal. c'est la vie
               | 
               | I'm definitely interested in ideas about insiderism, any
               | solutions to it... but are you really at a point where
               | you're against everything that the government does on the
               | assumption that it's all going to Boris' girlfriends?
        
               | JeanQuille wrote:
               | > Insiderism exists. It existed yesterday, last year.
               | 
               | I'm guessing you're not living in Britain? The last few
               | years have been on a different scale entirely. We've had
               | to get used to a government that delivers contracts free
               | of tender to shell companies owned by friends and donors
               | that fail to deliver and don't even pretend to be legit
               | (have you heard the one about the "ferry company" that
               | thinks it's a takeaway restaurant?), while on the other
               | hand openly jeering and mocking such causes as health
               | worker pay.
               | 
               | In such light, tell me how you would expect "New project,
               | PSX hundred million initial fund, will use novel
               | legislation to remove public oversight" to be received.
               | It's not rocket science to work out that if you want
               | people to be grateful instead of angry and you're a
               | cabinet with a documented history of lying and
               | corruption, just remove the last clause.
               | 
               | I appreciate the faith in progress, but in honesty, our
               | legs are being peed on from a high height while you're in
               | here nobly suggesting it could be raining.
        
               | literallylol wrote:
               | > have you heard the one about the "ferry company" that
               | thinks it's a takeaway restaurant?
               | 
               | As an American, no, so I Googled it. [1]
               | 
               | > It added: 'Seaborne Freight (UK) Limited reserves the
               | right to seek compensation through legal action for any
               | losses incurred as the result of hoax delivery requests
               | and will prosecute to the full extent of the law.'
               | 
               | > ...
               | 
               | > And Bristol North West MP Darren Jones added:
               | 'Hilarious. Government Hard Brexit start-up champion
               | Seaborne Freight Limited reserves the right to sue you if
               | you order a hoax pizza.'
               | 
               | OMG, I'm dying here. This is gold. A level of corruption
               | and incompetence rivaled only by our own Republican
               | Party.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6554499/No-
               | deal-Bre...
        
               | lordnacho wrote:
               | Ideas that I haven't tested:
               | 
               | - Once you leave office, you get a big salary for life,
               | but can't have another job. No working for a bank, or
               | happening into consultancy. No speaking fees, though you
               | are of course free to give speeches to whomever you like.
               | Yeah it's draconian, but there's plenty of people who
               | want the role.
               | 
               | - Make all the government's accounts visible to everyone.
               | All the money, wherever it goes, is tied to some
               | contract. Website where you can find out who they paid to
               | do the plumbing in number 10, with a full paper trail.
               | 
               | - You have to certify that you're not mates with anyone
               | who is offering the contract for the new bridge. Someone
               | finds out you went to school with him. You go to jail
               | together (more likely a fine), lose the contract, he
               | loses his job. Yes, it's a bummer if you're competent and
               | you happen to know the PM, who needs you for something.
               | But again, there's a lot of competent people.
        
               | g_p wrote:
               | 1. There's something far less draconian than this in
               | place for senior roles in civil service, where
               | restrictions are put in place upon leaving for a period
               | of (say) 2 years, to prevent you using information gained
               | in the process within a relevant sector, and requiring
               | approval of appointments for that period of time. [1]
               | 
               | 2. That pretty much exists as it stands [2], at least for
               | sums above a certain level (usually 25k). Similar rules
               | exist for spend above PS500 on purchasing cards [3].
               | 
               | 3. In some niche sectors, there aren't a lot of competent
               | people. There are generally a lot of people who think
               | they are competent. It could be problematic in these
               | areas (some of which are pretty important), but clearly
               | this doesn't apply for all. Competitive procurement is
               | the ideal approach, but it has many, many flaws when you
               | know the system and how to game it. The big outsourcing
               | companies have that finessed down to the N'th degree.
               | Over-promising and committing to things that can't
               | reasonably be delivered make competitive procurement a
               | problematic system, but short of the ability to
               | "blacklist" suppliers who inexcusably fail to deliver in
               | bad faith (which would be controversial too!) this one
               | seems hard to fix.
               | 
               | [1] https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/u
               | ploads/...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/guidance-
               | for-publ...
               | 
               | [3] https://data.gov.uk/dataset/42c4d19b-aef7-45d1-bd92-1
               | 167d2f8... (as a random example for purchase card
               | payments above 500)
        
               | Jochim wrote:
               | > It existed yesterday, last year. I'm sure Winston
               | Churchill's girlfriend also did well out of the deal.
               | c'est la vie.
               | 
               | It's exactly this type of dismissal that allows this
               | level of corruption to fester. It was unacceptable
               | yesterday and it still is today. The point is to try and
               | do something about it rather than sit back while they
               | make it harder to punish because "it's already a
               | problem".
               | 
               | A research fund where the public will be forbidden from
               | scrutinising the spending of people who are known to be
               | corrupt is not comparable to a public park.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | " _> Long term we need transparency from whoever is in
               | charge._ "
               | 
               | Corruption is bad, but not necessarily _that bad_ , of
               | course. But this case is about an agency almost literally
               | immune to outside investigation.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | I think the problem people have is the FOI exception.
               | There is no good reason for this, save corruption and
               | wasting public funds. _Other_ agencies are subject to FOI
               | requests and public oversight, why should this one be
               | different?
               | 
               | So the objection is to that specific clause and based on
               | very real facts about recent and ongoing corruption.
               | Priti Patel is another example and there is a very long
               | list if you want one of abuse of public office from the
               | current cabinet, this is not an abstract concern or one
               | without foundation.
               | 
               | Nobody on this thread has said that everything the
               | Conservatives do is bad, just that they are proven to be
               | corrupt and _therefore_ a FOI exception is a bad idea in
               | this case.
        
               | jariel wrote:
               | "There is no good reason for this, "
               | 
               | No, there are a ton of things the US et. al. do in
               | secret, it's normal.
               | 
               | There needs to be oversight, public is better, but an
               | independent council can work.
               | 
               | But yes, there's going to be a problem with graft.
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | You can have both industrial secrets and FOI. Documents
               | got through FOI requests are routinely redacted, and
               | requests denied, when there is a real justification. A
               | blanket policy is counter-productive and a strong
               | indication that there's something very dodgy.
               | 
               | I mean, if you FOI the MoD, they say no, but they don't
               | have a blank cheque to avoid any scrutiny either.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | We have government agencies for secret stuff - spies and
               | the military, they already have lots of R&D funds.
        
               | hogFeast wrote:
               | The reason why the FOI exception exists is because that
               | is how the scheme ran in the US, and having political
               | pressure on this program will kill it.
               | 
               | Also, remember that FOI isn't some magic tool for
               | stopping corruption. Blair brought it in, and has said
               | several times that it needs to be changed. FOI isn't
               | public oversight.
               | 
               | The Conservatives are not proven to be corrupt. This
               | self-evidently not true because no-one has proved it.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | The problem with this line of argument is that it ignores
               | the specifics of the case and overgeneralizes to a
               | version of the slippery-slope fallacy.
               | 
               | If someone were proposing building a sewage plant immune
               | to FOI requests, I'd be feckin' _terrified,_ much less
               | worried about corruption. And I 'm pretty blase about
               | corruption in various activities (such as the ever-
               | popular road construction and maintenance) in the US.
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | DARPA gets used as an example a lot, so let's take it as a our
         | type specimen.
         | 
         | What makes an (D)ARPA? What (besides funding) made it work?
         | 
         | Is secrecy and/or low accountability important? Defense/weapons
         | focus? Was the cold war a necessary condition? Do they have an
         | investment philosophy that could be copied? Managerial
         | philosophy?
         | 
         | Is high level stuff even relevant or is it details like 5 year
         | PM appointments and selection criteria? I always thought
         | tenure-like jobs would be useful if you have high
         | creativity/risk goals.
         | 
         | Thoughts? Any agencies (outside the US, also) that should also
         | be considered shining example? Any failed attempts at creating
         | a DARPA?
        
           | SllX wrote:
           | A focus.
           | 
           | DARPA research is performed in response to real challenges
           | that service members and officers are faced with, and also in
           | response to new capabilities that our adversaries develop.
        
           | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
           | Likely more than you ever wanted to know on the topic:
           | https://benjaminreinhardt.com/wddw
           | 
           | A couple things I'd pull out:
           | 
           | Program managers sit limited terms to prevent empire building
           | 
           | Program managers have a great deal of autonomy once funding
           | is initially allocated
           | 
           | DARPA has a high appetite for risk. They're ok with 90% of
           | projects failing to hit their goal.
        
             | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
             | From your link:
             | 
             | > I would rather this be read by a few people motivated to
             | take action than by a broad audience who will find it
             | merely interesting. In that vein, if you find yourself
             | wanting to share this on Twitter or Hacker News, consider
             | instead sharing it with one or two friends who will take
             | action on it. Thank you for indulging me!
             | 
             | You maybe shouldn't have shared that here, but thanks!
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | Traster wrote:
       | It's absolutely hilarious to watch a Prime Minister, who has
       | previously given PS100k in Tech funding to his mistress, now
       | establishing an even bigger tech fund without the FOIA
       | requirements so that he can... get away with giving PS100k in
       | Tech funding to his mistresses in the future I guess?
        
         | arethuza wrote:
         | Maybe it will be used to fund new tunnelling and/or bridge
         | technologies - the current government seems surprisingly keen
         | on connecting NI to Scotland....
        
           | DaiPlusPlus wrote:
           | That's a _very_ different kind of bridge-or-tunnel tho.
        
           | dominotw wrote:
           | > fund new tunnelling
           | 
           | is this supposed to be a double entendre ? I don't see how
           | this follows from the parent comment.
        
             | emptyfile wrote:
             | The comment is making fun of a proposal Boris Johnson once
             | made about building a bridge from Scotland to Northern
             | Ireland, which is considered borderline physically
             | impossible as far as I understand.
        
               | DaiPlusPlus wrote:
               | Bridge, yes.
               | 
               | Tunnel, no. It's very feasible and practical from a
               | civil-engineering perspective, but the economic value of
               | a road connection between NI and Scotland has not been
               | demonstrated to outweigh the economic cost of its
               | construction.
        
               | Chris2048 wrote:
               | Infact: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-
               | news/2021/feb/14/rail-bosses-...
        
               | arethuza wrote:
               | Even more fun: the relevant area of sea has had one
               | million tons of explosives dumped there as well as
               | chemical weapons and even some radioactive waste:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaufort%27s_Dyke
        
               | rusk wrote:
               | What's feesible? The tunnel or the bridge? I'd heard the
               | tunnel wasn't possible due to the particular geography of
               | the channel. But a bridge? Now that I'd be interesting I
               | seeing. There used to be a giants causeway across there
               | in mythical times ...
        
               | onei wrote:
               | The bridge is unfeasible because the channel is around
               | 200m deep in places which makes it crazy expensive. I
               | also found a couple of references to nuclear waste in the
               | trench, but that might have been for another site.
        
               | DenisM wrote:
               | Floating bridge is a thing tho
               | https://www.wired.com/2016/04/takes-keep-7700-foot-
               | floating-....
        
               | rusk wrote:
               | Both of which I was aware of but I heard that some kind
               | of suspension design would work. The tunnel is infeasible
               | because there's a very deep trench there, and that as you
               | mentioned is filled with all sorts of nasty stuff.
        
               | anonymousDan wrote:
               | I believe the latest proposal would swerve to avoid the
               | trench.
        
               | rjsw wrote:
               | There was a suggestion that he was trying to do a bit of
               | SEO to distract attention from another bridge [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_Bridge
        
               | mattlondon wrote:
               | There is talk of floating tunnels.
               | 
               | I believe they have done similar things in Norway when
               | they need to go across fjords which are about 1km deep on
               | places.
        
         | hkt wrote:
         | And people say he can't plan!
        
       | dalbasal wrote:
       | OK so the British HNers commenting seem to be unimpressed. :)
       | 
       | Leaving this specific agency/project aside, what _would_ be the
       | right way to do this? How do we do public investment in high risk
       | projects well?
        
         | mcintyre1994 wrote:
         | I'd be fine with this project, just without the FoI exception
         | and under a government that didn't constantly break FoI laws
         | and that didn't have endless examples of giving contracts
         | corruptly to incompetent friends and donors.
        
           | dalbasal wrote:
           | I understand the FOI misgivings, playing devil's advocate:
           | 
           | (1) DARPA (and NASA) appear to be models. Secrecy and
           | unaccountability are a big part of what makes them them. (2)
           | The state of university grant making is currently terrible. A
           | lot of what makes it terrible is accountability.
           | 
           | A agree with the premise that you need independence to pursue
           | high risk stuff. The whole premise is investing in things
           | that most people think it are stupid and will never work.
           | That's just not compatible with standard accountability
           | norms.
           | 
           | Meanwhile, as you say, contracts go to insiders regardless.
           | It's not like FOI is preventing this corruption. I also feel
           | that (at least on this thread) the British take on corruption
           | is overblown. Was there ever a time or place where sleeping
           | with the mayor of London was not good business? PS100k seems
           | cheap. Not saying this is good, just that I don't see the
           | escalation that some here see.
        
         | lbriner wrote:
         | A great book I read called Bad Buying by Peter Smith covers
         | most of the issue. If you want success, you need to ask the
         | right questions, define success criteria, contract properly
         | etc.
         | 
         | On the one hand it is good that they recognise that big wins
         | often involve big risks. On the other hand, it is important
         | that they decide how to tell the difference between great
         | potential and milking the cash cow.
         | 
         | As long as they have an independent ethics group who can make
         | sure nothing untowards happens, it might be OK!
        
         | FuckButtons wrote:
         | Allow public oversight - the reason people from the uk are
         | unimpressed is because we have no trust in this governments
         | ability to not give large contracts to friends and donors
         | rather than actually talented engineers with good ideas. The
         | tories have a long and storied history of mishandling public
         | science and technology funding in this country.
        
         | hhmc wrote:
         | Another approach is VCT/EIS, where private investment is
         | incentivized via aggressive tax breaks.
        
           | dalbasal wrote:
           | Make the case. I'm fairly dubious of tax incentives
           | generally. The system is so complex, with such an advanced
           | loophole finding culture/industry...
           | 
           | OTOH... IDK anything about VCT/EIS specifically. Any good
           | examples success stories?
        
         | JeanQuille wrote:
         | As others have commented, I think the animosity against this
         | announcement isn't necessarily that it wouldn't be successful,
         | just that it's a clear attempt to widen and hush up the current
         | government's already large grift pipeline.
         | 
         | FWIW, from my experience in UK public projects, I think the
         | question of how to improve their varied success is complex and
         | would take a long time to fairly cover. Though, off the top of
         | my head:
         | 
         | * Pay market rates; non-private research seems to be struggling
         | to attract and retain talent due to the lower wages, and
         | without meaning to be unkind to anyone in particular, there is
         | an evaporative effect where those that leave tend to be higher
         | achievers that can find better offers elsewhere, so the
         | organisation becomes increasingly mired and less functional
         | over time.
         | 
         | * End the mentality of "promotion" meaning "to management",
         | which eliminates at a stroke any meaningful technical
         | contribution from the promotee. I think this one is improving
         | lately, but it's taking a long time to undo the damage of the
         | 1990s-2010s.
         | 
         | * Have advisers for scientific programmes at the level of
         | policymaking, and *listen to them*. It's vexing enough from the
         | outside, but an acquaintance employed in this capacity for the
         | previous government described the scene from inside as "a shit
         | show".
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | The British HNers skew left. Boris Johnson could personally
         | cure cancer and they would complain about the oncologists that
         | would become unemployed.
        
       | throwawaymanbot wrote:
       | The UK has been taken over by Spectre from the Bind movies I
       | think. Some bizarre decisions these past few years.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | I mean darpa worked out pretty well.
       | 
       | However the tory gov is currently busy handing out questionable
       | contracts to friends like a pez dispenser so not super excited
       | about the no FOI part.
        
       | hkt wrote:
       | The exemption to FOIA is because the press and civic society in
       | the UK have rooted out cronyism and corruption with gusto in the
       | last year. The conservative party does not believe we have the
       | right to know how we are being governed or who benefits from the
       | process of government.
       | 
       | It makes me furious, and it should make you furious too, reader.
        
       | morpheuskafka wrote:
       | It makes sense to have a limited amount of funding going towards
       | carefully selected, high-potential projects be exempt from risk
       | limits. However, I do not believe it is a good idea for them to
       | exempt it from public records laws, this will surely reduce
       | public trust in the agency and if anything, high-risk projects
       | need an enhanced level of transparency.
        
         | bigtones wrote:
         | Its also prime for fraud and pork barreling without
         | accountability. The press plays an important role in democratic
         | accountability and without FOI they are unable to do that.
        
       | jokethrowaway wrote:
       | First the European fund and now this.
       | 
       | The last thing I want is for my taxes is to go into venture
       | capital. Especially if it's run by the government.
       | 
       | I wonder what's the best place where to run to, to escape this
       | trend. Maybe South America or South East Asia?
        
         | emteycz wrote:
         | South East Asia is big on government-led venture capital and
         | state-run business incubators/accelerators and other kinds of
         | business development activities. Even the communist countries.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | There is no escape.
         | 
         | The only way out of this is to build better ways to keep the
         | powerful accountable.
        
       | kergonath wrote:
       | > exempt from FOI
       | 
       | That's a terrible precedent.
        
       | gandalfian wrote:
       | We did this already and then privatised it as Qinetiq. Round and
       | round we go again.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | QinetiQ wouldn't be profit making if it hadn't been given tens
         | of thousands of acres of land for free. Some of its sites are
         | prime city center real estate too, and it's making a lot of
         | money by selling them off for development...
        
       | turbinerneiter wrote:
       | * let universities and public research starve for money
       | 
       | * drown them in documentation paperwork for the little money they
       | get
       | 
       | * give money to private companies for free and without
       | transparency
       | 
       | Corruption.
        
         | throwawinsider wrote:
         | Congratulations on fathering the dumbest comment of the
         | internet today
        
           | iamacyborg wrote:
           | Okay Dominic Cummings.
        
         | nicoburns wrote:
         | Yep. It's just blatant with this government. And it's not just
         | the universities. They're doing it with schools. They're doing
         | with the NHS. Councils even.
        
           | hkt wrote:
           | They've been doing it to councils since the 80s. There isn't
           | much of local government left
        
         | ChrisRR wrote:
         | Tories*
         | 
         | When the tories give out money to their friends, it's for the
         | greater good, remember?
        
           | BTinfinity wrote:
           | Politicians as a whole are known for lies, deciet and
           | corruption. It's not limited to one specific party nor
           | country. The visibility of corruption may change, but its
           | presence never will.
        
             | hkt wrote:
             | There is a giant pile of contracts that have been
             | scrutinised that very clearly show the absolutely
             | incestuous nature of procurement since covid and long
             | before too. It isn't "all politicians", it is conservative
             | politicians in the last eleven years.
             | 
             | The Good Law Project is a great example of the kind of
             | organisation that investigates this. The Guardian does good
             | work here too. I'm surprised to say it, but even Labour are
             | making noise about it in Parliament. This is historically
             | unusual and a sign of the return of the Old Boys' network.
             | It is a bad sign for democracy.
             | 
             | https://goodlawproject.org/case/end-to-cronyism/ is a good
             | start to read from.
        
               | heywherelogingo wrote:
               | "even Labour..." - of course Labour make a noise about
               | it, that's their job. The opposition obviously criticise
               | at any opportunity. Your faith in organisations (the Good
               | Law Project, The Guardian, undoubtedly big left
               | government too) is misplaced given that they're composed
               | of individuals, and small groups within will sieze
               | opportunity. The Guardian journalists show plenty of
               | bias. Clearly the tories are dodgy, but no effort is
               | required to spot the large fly in the anti-tory ointment:
               | Tony Blair - weapons of mass destruction, net worth up to
               | PS100m. The narrative of the left being morally superior
               | is absurd. Politicians are low, and I look forward to
               | tech based governance without them. /optimism
        
               | hkt wrote:
               | "Politicians are low, and I look forward to tech based
               | governance without them"
               | 
               | Jeeee-zus.
        
       | jack_riminton wrote:
       | If its our answer to DARPA then good. I only hope the money will
       | be disbursed in ways similar to the DARPA challenges and not in
       | the usual chronyist way of the UK
       | 
       | There's a shocking number of people high up in UK tech influence
       | circles who got there solely by networking, holding events and
       | being on the peripheries of successful startups
        
         | nivenkos wrote:
         | > There's a shocking number of people high up in UK tech
         | influence circles who got there solely by networking, holding
         | events and being on the peripheries of successful startups
         | 
         | Like Boris Johnson's lover.
        
           | jack_riminton wrote:
           | Oh yes I also forgot to add sexual favours to the key
           | criteria!
        
           | hkt wrote:
           | Jennifer Arcuri isn't in tech is she?
           | 
           | (Apologies if I just ruined the joke and you didn't really
           | mean Carrie Symonds)
        
           | jack_riminton wrote:
           | Ah yes, she set up a co-working space, held some events and
           | launched (although presumably not heavily involved) in
           | launching a White Hat consultancy
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Arcuri
           | 
           | Similar to Rohan Silva who advised Cameron; set up a co-
           | working space, is on many boards, speaks at a lot of events
        
             | lbriner wrote:
             | Everyone is impressive to those who are less impressive!
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | Yes, it's a good thing the US in general, it's government more
         | specifically, and it's defense establishment particularly are
         | completely free of cronyism, and there aren't huge numbers of
         | people influential in every field even loosely associated with
         | the US's vast military-industrial complex that have gotten
         | their by networking rather than any other form of merit.
        
           | jack_riminton wrote:
           | Do you have any concrete points or just snark?
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | Kind of an odd response, given that the preceding post was
             | at the same level of generality.
        
               | jack_riminton wrote:
               | No I mentioned something very specific i.e. DARPAs
               | challenges
        
             | Loughla wrote:
             | This is the only report I know about, but I'm 100% certain
             | there are many more just a google search away:
             | 
             | https://fas.org/man/eprint/contract-fraud.pdf
             | 
             | Highlights: from 2013-2017, there were 1,059 criminal
             | convictions of defense contracting fraud (1087 defendants
             | total), including 678 individuals and 409 separate
             | businesses. Further, there were 443 fraud-related civil
             | cases.
             | 
             | These are just the ones who got caught. It's not that much
             | of a stretch to think that _this much money_ is going to be
             | super tempting to well-connected cronies of our
             | representatives.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jack_riminton wrote:
               | What does this have to do with DAPRA? I tried searching
               | the document but couldn't find any references
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | The grandparent made a snarky comment about defense
               | spending in general. Which is what that document is
               | about.
               | 
               | >it's a good thing the US in general, it's government
               | more specifically, and it's defense establishment
               | particularly
               | 
               | That's what they said.
        
       | jarmitage wrote:
       | The FOI part means this is dead on arrival and will be abused all
       | ends up.
       | 
       | For this to work you need the public to understand why DARPA
       | worked. Hiding details of failures makes that impossible (and
       | again, completely open to corruption).
        
         | LinuxBender wrote:
         | In the U.S. everything is technically exempt from FOIA to a
         | degree. Having gone through that process while I was in the
         | military, I found many of the loopholes. The obvious ones are
         | that the answer can be "Classified" or "Decline to answer" or
         | in my case, the answer can be boxes and boxes of paperwork that
         | is worded so vague that it may as well not have existed. No
         | idea if this is the same in the U.K. Is there anyone from the
         | U.K. here that has gone through the process?
        
           | g_p wrote:
           | There are many ways to prevent material being subject to FOI.
           | Commercial confidence is one, classification/generic national
           | security grounds is another. There are also some good reasons
           | for this - in many cases, there are genuine commercial
           | concerns.
           | 
           | This might be controversial, but it's very hard to have
           | negotiations in good-faith with a company for services, and
           | drive a hard bargain, if the company knows that the pricing
           | offered to government can be FOI'd by a rival or other
           | customer, to get granular price offered.
           | 
           | If you want to get the best value for money, and get below
           | list price, you need the ability to have a commercial
           | negotiation, with the confidence that granular pricing
           | information (i.e. emails with discounted price lists for
           | government customers) aren't becoming public.
           | 
           | That's not to say the total amount spent should be kept
           | secret, but if exact breakdowns of unit pricing were going to
           | be made public, it would likely cost the public more in the
           | inability of government to negotiate around price with
           | suppliers (or rather their unwillingness to enter into such
           | negotiations)
           | 
           | Similarly, any kind of serious negotiation needs to have
           | secrecy - it's very hard in a practical sense to have a
           | negotiation with a party that has to (or might be forced to)
           | publish everything. The number of startups (and even larger
           | companies) that do everything as price-on-request should show
           | industry's willingness to see the kind of price tarnsparency
           | that FOI would expose. And that would give the taxpayer
           | poorer value for money in the long term.
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | I haven't submitted one personally, but from knowing someone
           | who has (and has received them) and reading Private Eye
           | (satirical & investigative magazine here) I gather a more
           | common/easily usable excuse this side of the pond is
           | 'commercial sensitivity'.
        
             | rusk wrote:
             | and heavy redaction
             | 
             | I've also seen fees being used which is technically legal
             | and is supposed to be a reasonable administrative charge
             | but can be multiplied by the number of subjects involved
             | for instance.
        
         | uncledave wrote:
         | I dunno. Sounds like a fun environment to work in and
         | accidentally leave an S3 bucket open :)
        
         | kurthr wrote:
         | Yep, seems more like a way to keep scandals like Cummings no-
         | bid contract to his friends from coming to light. If it can be
         | used as a slush fund, it probably will be, and eventually
         | probably exclusively.
         | 
         | https://www.theweek.co.uk/951989/what-next-for-dominic-cummi...
        
           | ashtonkem wrote:
           | It seems unreasonably charitable to assume that it'll be used
           | exclusively as a personal slush fund "eventually" and not
           | "immediately".
        
           | samizdis wrote:
           | The data visualisation exercise My Little Crony [1] was
           | featured in some UK media in November. It is described on the
           | site as: _A visualization of the connections between Tory
           | politicians and companies being awarded government contracts
           | during the pandemic based on a wide range of investigative
           | reporting._
           | 
           | Perhaps it hit a raw nerve or two.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.sophie-e-hill.com/post/my-little-crony/
        
             | 45ure wrote:
             | >My Little Crony [1] was featured in some UK media in
             | November.
             | 
             | It wasn't widely reported in the mainstream media, but it
             | drew attention via Byline Times. Similarly, the Tufton
             | Street gang, with the same cast of characters, whose
             | tentacles also reach across the Atlantic, will never be
             | featured as comprehensively by the MSM; far too many
             | incestuous relationships.
             | 
             | https://www.desmog.co.uk/2020/02/13/mapped-boris-johnson-
             | s-g...
        
         | omginternets wrote:
         | Genuine question: why did DARPA work?
        
           | rusk wrote:
           | Blank cheques
        
       | suyash wrote:
       | good move, more countries should have such entrepreneurial
       | agencies!
        
       | raverbashing wrote:
       | Sounds like those "good on paper" things. But in practice, we
       | know how it usually goes...
       | 
       | Though of course all government will have secret projects in one
       | way or another
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | That's great.
       | 
       | Removing a platform for people that say, in hindsight, 'it was
       | obvious that was going to fail' is a step in the right direction.
       | 
       | If western societies insist on outsourcing R&D through misguided
       | tax laws, they have no idea the amount of harm they are doing to
       | the next generation of young people (who will be subservient to
       | the innovating countries that were smarter in their policies).
        
         | Jochim wrote:
         | I have massive support for government funded research but I
         | think this is a terrible idea.
         | 
         | Government should absolutely have to justify how it allocates
         | funds and which projects are taken on. This is a transparent
         | attempt at avoiding the need to justify what is done with
         | public money.
         | 
         | > Removing a platform for people that say, in hindsight, 'it
         | was obvious that was going to fail' is a step in the right
         | direction.
         | 
         | It really isn't. Covering failures up only makes the problem
         | worse. Anything that does eventually leak will be blown much
         | further out of proportion than if it has been clearly stated
         | that it will probably fail from the start, but the benefits
         | should it succeed outweigh the risks.
         | 
         | You would do even better to build a culture tolerant of
         | failure. But the emergence of that culture depends on improving
         | people's standard of living.
         | 
         | That this secret spending is coming from the same party that
         | just months ago insisted there was no money to continue feeding
         | children during a pandemic and who are also mired in corruption
         | scandals regarding nepotism in government contracts just makes
         | the idea look even more grotesque. Trying to do it during a
         | pandemic you've just majorly fucked up the handling of makes it
         | even less endearing.
         | 
         | Incidentally I happen to be in the middle of reading "The Dark
         | Forest" by Liu Cixin. A core element of the book is how
         | humanity is affected when standard of living is reduced and
         | basic needs are unmet in order to meet technological research
         | goals that will curtail an "undefeatable" foe. It generally
         | leads to discontent towards the projects that are supposed to
         | "save" them.
         | 
         | If the goal was to prevent the outsourcing of R&D then the
         | government would be much better off taking a greater stake in
         | universities and making sure both parties are compensated more
         | from companies who go on to exploit that research.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | I'm not so positive. There is potential for this to become just
         | another way to channel pork to friends and cronies. Which,
         | considering the track record of the current executive, is
         | probably the most likely scenario.
         | 
         | I'm all for DARPA-like initiatives, but when it comes to
         | taxpayers' money we should have decent accountability
         | mechanisms.
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | Accountability and obligation to disclose information on
           | demand to the public are two different things.
           | 
           | Not all of DARPA's work is public, yet I'm sure that DARPA is
           | fully accountable.
           | 
           | By excluding this new agency from FOI the UK government
           | simply wants to be able to decide which projects to publicise
           | and when, and which projects to keep secret, in the same way
           | as DARPA operates.
        
           | andy_ppp wrote:
           | The current UK government has a blacklist of left wing
           | journalists who they won't respond to freedom of information
           | act requests and they are fighting a culture war about
           | bullshit while Dominic Cummings has the gall to claim his
           | friends happen to be the only marketing company in the UK who
           | are trustworthy!
        
             | andy_ppp wrote:
             | References:
             | 
             | Jornalists FOI clearing house:
             | https://bylinetimes.com/2021/02/01/an-important-victory-
             | in-t...
             | 
             | Culture war: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics
             | /universities-...
             | 
             | Dominic Cummings claims:
             | 
             | Cummings described Frayne and Wolf as his "friends", but
             | added: "Obviously I did not request Public First be brought
             | in because they were my friends. I would never do such a
             | thing." He said he "requested" civil servants hire the firm
             | because, in his experience, it was the only company with
             | the expertise to carry out the required focus groups
             | urgently.
             | 
             | From:
             | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/15/revealed-
             | cummi...
             | 
             | Not sure why I've been down voted?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | dohnuts1919 wrote:
             | > The current UK government has a blacklist of left wing
             | journalists who they won't respond to freedom of
             | information act requests
             | 
             | Source?
             | 
             | Also, isn't it illegal to not respond to valid FOI
             | requests? Otherwise wouldn't that defy the whole point of
             | FOI?
        
               | andy_ppp wrote:
               | https://bylinetimes.com/2021/02/01/an-important-victory-
               | in-t...
        
           | libertine wrote:
           | Usually these initiatives should be extremely transparent,
           | and they're the exact opposite. That's not good.
           | 
           | A current example is the covid 19 vaccine contracts, which
           | were multi billion dollar/euro/pound deals, with accelerated
           | research and approvals, and so far only one contract was made
           | public.
           | 
           | It is specially concerning when some vaccines were developed
           | with public funding.
        
             | dageshi wrote:
             | It doesn't matter.
             | 
             | Genuinely, the only thing that mattered was working, safe
             | vaccines as quickly as possible. Whatever government paid
             | is absolute peanuts compared to the costs associated with
             | locking down economies let alone the lives potentially
             | saved.
             | 
             | Covid19 was and is a crisis, you may well have a point in
             | terms of other initiatives in this space, but with covid
             | all that mattered was finding a solution as quickly as
             | possible.
        
               | lordnacho wrote:
               | > all that mattered was finding a solution as quickly as
               | possible
               | 
               | What's to stop someone spending a bunch of money on a
               | dead-end project that benefits them and no-one else, and
               | then saying "hey, it's risky, bummer we couldn't make a
               | vaccine"?
               | 
               | We can be generous to make sure it gets done by someone,
               | but we should also make sure that people actually try.
               | 
               | The current UK government has a lot of stories about
               | procurement, and it gives the impression that they mainly
               | benefitted their friends, with the procurement of PPE and
               | vaccines being a nice side-effect.
        
               | dageshi wrote:
               | In the context of shutting down significant percentages
               | of economies for months, in the context of the government
               | (in the UK) providing furlough schemes where they pay
               | peoples salaries, in the context of essentially banning
               | most social interaction and the population slowly going a
               | bit mad, what the hell does it matter if we fund some dud
               | vaccines? What does it even matter if some are outright
               | corrupt and do nothing?
               | 
               | It's the worst kind of bike shedding, it's "well we can't
               | do much about the most life changing event since WW2 but
               | we sure can argue about the transparency of contracts!"
        
               | lbriner wrote:
               | What stops it is 1) Not awarding money to people who
               | might be able to do it, only to those who can demonstrate
               | that they can do it 2) Caveating the bulk of the payment
               | to the successful production.
               | 
               | In most cases, the money was for a pre-order of vaccines
               | afaik and if they don't produce, they don't get paid.
               | 
               | PPE contracts was another cock-up all together!
        
               | libertine wrote:
               | Well, I disagree.
               | 
               | It matters a lot, because who the hell knows what else is
               | going on those contracts. It's not like any
               | pharmaceutical company was gonna sit this one out.
               | 
               | Some of these companies were into shady shit in the past,
               | and while they are playing a role in this pandemic, I'd
               | be way more comfortable know exactly what they are
               | getting out of this and at what cost to the tax payers.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | >Usually these initiatives should be extremely transparent,
             | and they're the exact opposite
             | 
             | The downside is that when they're too transparent politics
             | gets involved and you can't study touchy things because
             | people don't want the risk of conclusions they don't like.
             | 
             | Imagine the uproar if the navy said they think asbestos PPE
             | might be less lethal than what it's protecting you from in
             | some circumstances so they were planning on researching it.
             | Congressmen would get involved. They'd grandstand and make
             | all sorts of sound bites for the cameras. And the research
             | wouldn't get done or it would have to be neutered in order
             | to get done. Look at the political football that is women's
             | PT requirements for the armed forces for a more mild real
             | world example.
             | 
             | Of course, if there's no transparency involved the risk is
             | MK-Ultra type crap which is bad too.
        
               | libertine wrote:
               | Well then maybe that's the cost of it, the public
               | scrutiny of touchy things and political responsibility to
               | justify such endeavors. It's like accountability is a bad
               | thing.
               | 
               | If politicians would refused that, then that's a problem
               | of politics, not of transparency.
               | 
               | I do understand that some subject might be too difficult
               | to explain to the public, but that's more of an annoyance
               | and extra work then anything else. Also could be a
               | symptom of a education system with a lot of problems.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | > the innovating countries that were smarter in their policies
         | 
         | Such as? Are "we" now going to say the state is better at
         | innovating than the private sector? Under what conditions?
         | 
         | (I'm inclined to believe that it _could_ work - it was after
         | all the model that gave us Concorde - but there are also a
         | _lot_ of ways in which it could go wrong and I absolutely do
         | not trust the government with a track record of bunging corrupt
         | money at shell companies.)
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | I mean incentivizing private companies to do R&D...
        
           | rkangel wrote:
           | I think you are going to want a mix of both.
           | 
           | The miniaturisation and cost reduction of electronics
           | achieved as a result of continual investment by the phone
           | industry is almost miraculous. A lot of innovation has
           | happened to fit a supercomputer into your pocket.
           | 
           | The WWW example in a sibling comment is a great example of
           | the contrasting sort. It benefits humanity as a whole, and
           | would be very unlikely to be invented privately. We want more
           | decentralised technology solutions - really standards rather
           | than products - and government research have a different set
           | of incentives that might make them better placed to deliver
           | that sort of innovation.
           | 
           | That said, I work in telecomms. A large number of self
           | interested telecomms companies have got together and agreed
           | standard over the years (this is obviously not unique to
           | telecomms), including making patents available
           | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_and_non-
           | discriminat...). The technology is not decentralised, but it
           | is interoperable.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | > Are "we" now going to say the state is better at innovating
           | than the private sector? Under what conditions?
           | 
           | At greater scale the State is definitely better at innovating
           | compared to the private sector. Look at the internet itself
           | and at www (CERN is basically a state project), and if we
           | want to go even larger look at the war industry.
           | 
           | There's no way a "private entity" would have had the gall to
           | build some rockets in order to bomb out London and its
           | environs, and without the V2 rockets we probably wouldn't
           | have had NASA and we wouldn't have had two private persons
           | ~70 years later (Musk and Bezos) trying to build and innovate
           | in private and with lots and lots of money what the Nazi
           | regime did in 1943-1945 while being bombed out to hell and
           | back by the Allies.
           | 
           | And then there's the entire nuclear industry which wouldn't
           | have happened without Nagasaki and Hiroshima, both state-run
           | (killing) projects.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | IMHO, the exemption from the freedom of information act is more
         | in fact aimed at protecting investment in sensitive new tech by
         | in effect making it secret until the government decides
         | otherwise.
         | 
         | That's why the title of the article is actually " _Secrecy for
         | high-risk tech research_ ". It's 'high risk' but also aimed at
         | being high rewards and potentially targeting sensitive domains
         | so they don't want others to know what they are doing until
         | after they have reaped the benefits.
         | 
         | I cannot read the whole article because of the paywall but the
         | freedom of information laws do not prevent anything in terms of
         | what to invest into. They only create a legal duty to provide
         | information on demand.
         | 
         | The aim of this new agency has never been altruistic. It has
         | always been discussed as a tool to further the UK's interests
         | in the global competition. Clearly the government thinks that a
         | level of secrecy, or at leat government control, is required.
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | I see my comment above is going down well...
           | 
           | Just for reference, the FOI already provides for the
           | following exemptions:
           | 
           | 22A Information obtained in the course of, or derived from, a
           | programme of research.
           | 
           | 24 Information for the purpose of safeguarding national
           | security.
           | 
           | 26 Information that would, or would be likely to, prejudice
           | defence of the realm.
           | 
           | 29 Information that would, or would be likely to, prejudice
           | the economic or financial interests of the United Kingdom or
           | of any part of it.
           | 
           | 43 Information that constitutes a trade secret or would, or
           | would be likely to, prejudice commercial interests.
           | 
           | I think that pretty much 100% of that new agency's work will
           | fall within one of these exemptions so IMHO it makes sense to
           | exempt it altogether and avoid having to deal with FOI
           | requests in the first place. The agency along with the
           | government will then have full discretion to make research
           | and results public as they deemed useful and that will also
           | allow them to work with private companies to
           | license/commercialise stuff.
           | 
           | (Note that a lot of DARPA's work is also secret.)
        
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