[HN Gopher] Critical Thinking Isn't Just a Process
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       Critical Thinking Isn't Just a Process
        
       Author : herbertl
       Score  : 99 points
       Date   : 2021-02-17 13:16 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (zeynep.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (zeynep.substack.com)
        
       | dfilppi wrote:
       | Parsing official statements to detect the misleading omissions is
       | something I've been doing for 30 years. Lies of omission are a
       | fundamental skill of those who cant or wont tell the truth, and
       | has been for several thousand years now.
        
         | cbozeman wrote:
         | What line of work are you in, if you don't mind me asking?
        
       | pattrn wrote:
       | Interesting read, but I'm not sure the analysis of the following
       | exchange is correct.
       | 
       | > Q: But was it ever below 90, here or at the White House?
       | 
       | > CONLEY: No, it was below 94 percent. It wasn't down in the low
       | 80s or anything.
       | 
       | When Conley answer's "No," that implies it was not below 90
       | "here" or at the White House. And "it was below 94 percent"
       | implies it was somewhere in the range of 90 to 94. Assuming
       | Conley told the truth, the only way you can interpret the oxygen
       | levels as being below 90 is if you ignore the presence of the
       | word "no."
       | 
       | I've noticed when speaking with physicians that they tend to give
       | very precise answers (unless they believe the precise answer will
       | lead to worse health outcomes for a patient). This exchange
       | sounded pretty typical to me. Doesn't seem like Conley intended
       | anything nefarious.
        
         | bezout wrote:
         | > CONLEY: [...] It wasn't down in the low 80s or anything.
         | 
         | I read this last part in several ways:
         | 
         | 1. He is telling the truth: he wants to assure reporters that
         | T's oxygen level didn't reach critical levels
         | 
         | 2. He is telling a lie: he already mentioned that the oxygen
         | level was below 94. Why mentioning the low 80s?
         | 
         | 3. He is just nervous or tired, and he doesn't want to have his
         | words twisted
        
           | sjg007 wrote:
           | Trumps O2 stat was between 84 and 94.
        
         | JustSomeNobody wrote:
         | There are reports coming out the past week that seem to suggest
         | Trump was in a very bad way with COVID-19.
        
         | baggy_trough wrote:
         | That "No" could mean that it was below 90, but not "here" -
         | "here" could mean literally in this room, or even exactly where
         | the speaker is standing right now.
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | But the writer has a New York Times quote suggesting that:
         | 
         | > Mr. Trump's blood oxygen level alone was cause for extreme
         | concern, dipping into the 80s, according to the people familiar
         | with his evaluation. The disease is considered severe when the
         | blood oxygen level falls to the low 90s.
         | 
         | So now there's evidence that the oxygen % went below 90,
         | despite what Conley said that day.
        
           | bezout wrote:
           | Honestly, where is the evidence? You're trusting the NYT
           | sources to tell the truth. I trust NYT to deliver accurate
           | news - but only true evidence removes any doubt.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | newacct583 wrote:
         | I think you're misunderstanding. The point isn't about the
         | ability to infer objective truth from a dissembling source, nor
         | about how to prove an objective lie from that source.
         | 
         | It's about cultivating an ability to _detect_ when you are
         | probably being lied to by an otherwise authoritative source.
         | And it 's something americans have traditionally been very bad
         | at.
         | 
         | (Including, I have to be honest, you. In fact it was reported
         | just last week that Trump was sicker than the public was
         | informed and that his blood oxygen did indeed drop into the low
         | 80's. Your desire to believe the authority figures you trust
         | led you to buy the spin. But people with this kind of
         | "Autoritarian Muscle Memory" described were clued in much
         | earlier.)
        
           | pattrn wrote:
           | I used the qualifier "assuming Conley told the truth" to
           | establish an axiom, since the author did that implicitly.
           | Everything else was pure deductive reasoning.
           | 
           | That aside, I personally believe that the entire media and
           | all public figures will lie on behalf of what they believe to
           | be "the greater good." Their goal is not "truth." For that
           | reason, I don't believe this interview communicated any
           | meaningful information; I also don't believe the follow-up
           | last week communicated any meaningful information. I don't
           | assume Conley told the truth. My comment intended only to
           | point out a flaw in the deductive reasoning of the article.
           | 
           | (Regarding your assumption about me, this is the exact
           | problem with trying to develop opinions by reading between
           | the lines. It's easy to develop strong, unfounded opinions
           | without any evidence.)
        
           | EricE wrote:
           | >And it's something americans have traditionally been very
           | bad at.
           | 
           | As this comment thread is proving :p
        
       | zyxzevn wrote:
       | So he was pretty safe. Just like me and some of my friends who
       | got it almost a year ago. We only had a few days of fever. Almost
       | like one dose of the vaccine. Not really worth to make a fuzz
       | about.
        
       | kgwxd wrote:
       | Why does the example stop at critically thinking about the NYT
       | source? I'm not saying they're lying, but "someone I kind of
       | trust, said someone they kind of trust, said so, in a way that
       | doesn't contradict itself" isn't really a satisfactory
       | conclusion.
        
         | mannykannot wrote:
         | Most of the article demonstrates its author's point by coming
         | to a tentative conclusion through a critical analysis of the
         | doctor's statements. The NYT article is presented as additional
         | support, from other sources, for the same conclusion.
         | 
         | Progress in science and history is often like that: a
         | hypothesis is strengthened through having multiple lines of
         | support, such as when the cosmic microwave background and the
         | cosmic abundance of helium were added to the red shift of
         | galaxies as evidence for the big bang.
         | 
         | Being eternally skeptical to the extent of dismissing anything
         | not proven is not effective critical thinking, either.
        
       | EricE wrote:
       | This is the explanation for why the deeper you are in a bubble,
       | the less likely you will be to detect it - yet will be utterly
       | convinced you aren't.
       | 
       | Similar to why teenagers are convinced they are smarter than
       | everyone older than they are. You don't know what you don't know.
       | The more time you spend on this planet, the more you realize just
       | how little of the world in general you do fully understand.
       | Ultimate culmination of this is when Einstein is engaged in
       | discussions about god. Want to have some fun honing critical
       | thinking skills? Read up on his thoughts there. Fun stuff!
        
       | tchalla wrote:
       | TL;DR "Fault Tolerance" Capabilities are better for people who
       | regularly face faults
        
         | EricE wrote:
         | Exactly.
         | 
         | Another way to put it - don't add armor to the parts of the
         | plane returning from battle that have holes, add armor to the
         | parts of the plane that don't have any holes!
        
       | tengbretson wrote:
       | Is there any research on whether critical thinking is actually
       | something that can be taught at all?
        
       | DonHopkins wrote:
       | >That offers a way to get at the truth by trying to detect a
       | picture, and looking at the parts that have been obscured, to
       | make out the actual shape.
       | 
       | Like Mormon Bubble Porn:
       | 
       | https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/mormon-porn-bubble-porn
        
         | carapace wrote:
         | What a very accurate visual metaphor! Cover up the BS to see
         | the bare facts more clearly.
        
       | macspoofing wrote:
       | Trump's medical doctor was clearly evasive and obfuscating the
       | actual diagnosis. That much is clear and was clear at the time,
       | but the author goes a step further and starts playing doctor and
       | diagnosing (in hindsight) the condition ... that's not critical
       | thinking. That's bad reasoning and it's inline with
       | conspiratorial thinking with a good mix of confirmation bias. An
       | alien conspiracy theorist when presented with a particular
       | phenomena would follow a chain of argument that look like this:
       | "This isn't Venus. This isn't a weather balloon. This isn't
       | anything I can imagine, therefore it must be aliens". It's also
       | very typical of the media reporting on Trump throughout his term
       | with more and more outlandish claims and conclusions.
       | 
       | Also, there is something distasteful about the author writing an
       | entire blog post about how he is a critical thinker ... Uh huh.
       | Sure you are.
        
         | mannykannot wrote:
         | Instead of addressing the specific arguments made in the
         | article, this post offers some unsubstantiated ad-hominem
         | claims and an irrelevant and overblown analogy. So now we have
         | another piece of evidence suggesting that critical thinking is
         | not straightforward.
        
         | mistermann wrote:
         | > An alien conspiracy theorist when presented with a particular
         | phenomena would follow a chain of argument that look like this:
         | "This isn't Venus. This isn't a weather balloon. This isn't
         | anything I can imagine, therefore it must be aliens".
         | 
         | > Also, there is something distasteful about the author writing
         | an entire blog post about how he is a critical thinker ... Uh
         | huh. Sure you are.
         | 
         | An interesting combo.
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | Zeynep is female name (Turkish spelled) of Arabic origin.
        
         | Upvoter33 wrote:
         | https://sils.unc.edu/people/faculty/profiles/Zeynep-Tufekci
        
         | jacobolus wrote:
         | "The doctor conspicuously said that the oxygen saturation was
         | 'not in the low 80s' but carefully refused to say it never
         | dipped below 90, and was uncomfortable and evasive answering
         | other basic questions about the president's condition,
         | therefore we can reasonably infer that oxygen saturation was in
         | the high 80s and his condition was worse than the doctor wanted
         | to admit" is pretty different from "this unidentified thing in
         | the sky is not a balloon so it must be an alien spaceship".
        
           | macspoofing wrote:
           | Not by much. You can certainly speculate, but this is akin to
           | reading the tea leaves to trying to derive patterns. Very
           | common for media to do this on a slow news day. It reminds me
           | of Alan Greenspan's briefcase being an indicator of the Fed's
           | upcoming rate cut [1].
           | 
           | Again, at the time of the press conference it was very
           | obvious the doctor was evasive. His evasiveness being a
           | result of Trump going through a tough recovery was a very
           | reasonable speculation. Most reporters guessed that Trump was
           | on oxygen at one point or another and it isn't a far fetched
           | idea to suggest there was reason for concern (he is, after
           | all, in the at-risk group being a senior and overweight) -
           | but let's not try to claim, as the author did, that it was a
           | forgone conclusion what his blood oxygen level by carefully
           | parsing the words the doctor was using and using that as a
           | example of the author's great 'critical thinking' skills, all
           | done in hindsight. Come one. Give me a break. That's
           | quackery.
           | 
           | [1] https://money.cnn.com/1998/09/29/bizbuzz/briefcase
        
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       (page generated 2021-02-17 21:03 UTC)