[HN Gopher] "User Engagement" Is Code for "Addiction"
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       "User Engagement" Is Code for "Addiction"
        
       Author : wilsocr88
       Score  : 518 points
       Date   : 2021-02-16 12:42 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (craigwritescode.medium.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (craigwritescode.medium.com)
        
       | YetAnotherNick wrote:
       | The author knew that adding a strong and clickbaity title is code
       | for "addiction" still used it and published it in various places
       | for getting the engagement. The companies and their managers are
       | driven by same sort of metrics as the author.
        
         | Ensorceled wrote:
         | I also tell some of my cousins to get less of their news from
         | Facebook and, in general, use Facebook less.
         | 
         | On Facebook.
        
       | werber wrote:
       | I recently joined tiktok and their algorithm really freaked me
       | out. It took maybe twenty minutes for it zone into some
       | incredibly specific interests of mine. I enjoy the app, but I've
       | never felt so pushed into the content I want to see so quickly.
       | I'm quite A bit older than their average user but the mental
       | impact on a child seems immense.
        
       | rkangel wrote:
       | Where is the line between engineering for addiction and
       | engineering for a quality user experience?
       | 
       | Everything we are told about building modern services is about
       | optimisation. You have metrics, you experiment, you tweak things,
       | you see what helps and what doesn't. This is as true for business
       | models as it is for interface design.
       | 
       | Some of this is good - it is positive to improve your UI to
       | reduce friction and make it more usable by your customers. Some
       | of it is fine - choosing a landing page design that gets more
       | people to sign up. Some of it is bad - things you do that mean
       | people don't close the app as readily.
       | 
       | All these changes are the result of the same process, that is
       | built into how modern businesses operate. How do you draw the
       | line between optimising for good UI and optimising for addiction?
       | If you're writing legislation, do you outlaw specific practices?
       | If you're trying to operate companies ethically, do you just
       | avoid certain metrics?
        
       | m4r35n357 wrote:
       | Similarly "User Experience"
        
       | s_dev wrote:
       | Anything that provides a 'hit' stands a chance of being
       | addictive. Including cheeseburgers and fun video games.
       | 
       | >Most alarming is the "internet points". On Reddit, this is
       | called Karma. On Twitter, it's likes and retweets. Ostensibly,
       | this simple numeric score displays the community's overall
       | attitude toward a given piece of content. On its face, this
       | appears to be a radically democratic concept; Everyone can vote!
       | The reality is very different. Reddit, for example, has always
       | obfuscated the true Karma score ("to prevent vote brigading"),
       | and the position of a piece of content within the feed can be
       | purposely decided by the Reddit home office, not by the
       | community. This is incredibly, deeply sinister.
       | 
       | Why is it 'deeply sinister' -- he just seems to assert it, reddit
       | home office isn't putting other content there that isn't
       | sponsored -- astro turfing exists and explains a lot of that but
       | I don't think it's the reddit admins. The voting mechanism is
       | pretty good at determining interesting content from uniteresting
       | content.
       | 
       | This whole article reads like a conspiracy theorist rant like
       | some luddite against tech. There are negative behviors associated
       | with modern technology but this article just asserts that without
       | really elaborating exactly why. It just blankly gestures "you
       | know -- bad tech, feedback loops, doom srolling" all the
       | keywords!
        
         | noahtallen wrote:
         | I think you are missing the point. Yes, cheeseburgers can be
         | addictive. Consider if $burger_chain provided an unlimited
         | burger, which you could eat forever. This would certainly be
         | very problematic, but at least you have the biological function
         | of "too full to eat" which gets you to stop. But you can
         | imagine how bad this could be for many people even with that
         | function.
         | 
         | Social media is even worse. It's an unlimited hit for hours and
         | hours and hours with hardly any short-term consequence which
         | causes you to break out of the loop.
         | 
         | The other point you are missing is that the incentives are all
         | wrong. The incentive for posts on social media is engagement,
         | which means polarizing content, which means radicalization.
         | 
         | At least with a fun video game, you might have fun playing it
         | and learning new skills and stories! But I can admit that I
         | often spend too much time captured in the game loop a because
         | it's unlimited -- that's problematic.
         | 
         | It's still fair to point out that the incentives for
         | $burger_chain are all wrong too -- hence why fast food is so
         | full of sugar and other ingredients which are bad for you, but
         | taste good in the moment to many. It's to drive addiction,
         | which drives recurring sales. I think that's messed up to.
        
         | goalieca wrote:
         | Reddit also has purchased up/downvotes (through click-
         | farms/bots), opaque moderation, and the real-time public
         | display of these promote mobs and groupthink even if it were
         | actually organic. I don't think for a second their algorithms
         | do a good enough job of mitigating these clickfarms.
        
           | asidiali wrote:
           | https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.04206.pdf
        
             | goalieca wrote:
             | > Even though the environment of r/unpopularopinion
             | encourages users to freely express their opinion, the
             | dominant population of this community is young white males,
             | and only the opinions representing them are supported by
             | general users and brought up to the front page.
             | Consequently, the minority opinions are neglected and it
             | results in another spiral of silence phenomenon in the
             | community
             | 
             | I don't know if young white males needs to be said or if
             | that's just speculation. What matters more is the outcome
             | which is actually just more groupthink.
        
               | asidiali wrote:
               | I mean, they took a sample of the sub, and that is what
               | they found (see their notes on data collection process
               | done via Reddit Chat)
               | 
               | Regardless, I agree with you, the groupthink is the issue
               | here - I do think it is telling though, that it is a
               | groupthink (allegedly) skewed by the white male
               | perspective. Which I think is also an issue, lack of
               | representation in such echo chambers. But you're right -
               | two separate issues that happened to be intertwined here.
               | Anti-racist echo chambers are still echo chambers.
        
           | s_dev wrote:
           | There is an arms race between reddit admins and spammers in
           | general -- who will ruin any platform with eyeballs on it.
           | 
           | This article does not address that all -- vote fuzzification
           | apparently only serves "brigading" -- thast not what it's
           | for. It's for spammers so they can't judge the effectivness
           | of their bots.
           | 
           | The author misses the wood from the trees. I'm not seeing
           | valid criticisms either which means he didnt' even Google to
           | see what others said of reddit, e.g. poor moderation tools
           | for large subs.
        
         | Fricken wrote:
         | Marshall McLuhan, the media theorist, pointed out the hazards
         | of "Peer to peer electronic media" in the 1960s with uncanny
         | accuracy. Calling someone a luddite when your own views are as
         | anachronistic as they are is ridiculous.
         | 
         | And stop flattering yourself by calling social media 'tech'.
         | Every industry uses technology, calling it 'tech' doesn't
         | distinguish it in any way. Social media is a medium for a
         | exchange like a book, or a campfire. Different media have
         | different effects on how information is conveyed and how the
         | world is understood by the users of said medium.
         | 
         | Social media has been overwhelmingly influential to the way
         | people communicate and understand one another and denying any
         | questioning of it's effects outright is telling. Your tribalism
         | is showing. Marshall McLuhan warned you about this, you should
         | have listened.
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | > stop flattering yourself
           | 
           | What does this even mean? Why would it be flattering himself?
        
           | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
           | This comment is as equally polarizing as GP, just in the
           | opposite direction. You can have social media be tech, have
           | some net effect on society (whether that's good or bad is
           | literally being debated right now) and be addictive.
           | 
           | As with anything in life, there is nuance. Social media isn't
           | a great satan and it isn't god's gift, it's somewhere in
           | between.
        
             | Fricken wrote:
             | Well yes, case in point, social media has a tribalizing
             | effect on people. I don't disagree that comments on the
             | internet tend to be polarizing. I wouldn't have commented
             | at all if it wasn't to disagree with somebody, that's
             | normal in these parts.
             | 
             | I wonder what happens when most of the population is
             | relying on such a medium for their understanding of the
             | world beyond what they can see and touch? I don't think me
             | setting a good example here on HN is going to have much
             | effect against the basic human impulses that social media
             | selects for.
        
         | maest wrote:
         | > I don't think it's the reddit admins
         | 
         | It's actually the mods. A select small number of people are
         | mods on the top 50 or so subreddits by size. They can control
         | what gets posted, what gets upvoted and what gets silently
         | censored. It's also an (unpaid) full time job, it's naive to
         | think they're not monetising their power in any way.
        
           | s_dev wrote:
           | >It's actually the mods.
           | 
           | Mod means nothing -- I'm a reddit mod. Admin is paid employee
           | of reddit with completely different access level. A planted
           | story by a mod is still within the grounds of "astroturfing"
           | accusing reddit admins is another order of magnitude of
           | corruption higher. Like I said I don't think reddit admins
           | are doing it but the author does seem to imply it.
        
             | yanderekko wrote:
             | Mod doesn't mean nothing. A lot of the powerusers also
             | moderate major subs and can spike opposing content and
             | users who would interfere with their clout-chasing, and
             | appeal to sympathetic admins to enforce "harassment"
             | provisions if their manipulations were being critically
             | discussed in places on Reddit that are beyond their reach.
             | 
             | I mean, is there any defensible reasons for why we often
             | see the top powerusers on these subs also act as mods? I'm
             | sure that they aren't behaving as "normal" mods.
        
         | crumbshot wrote:
         | > _This whole article reads like a conspiracy theorist rant
         | like some luddite against tech._
         | 
         | Your whole comment is a rant. At least the article you're
         | complaining about had some points to make.
         | 
         | Much of what the author mentions has its roots in behavioural
         | addiction research. In particular, there are many parallels
         | with the gambling industry, and how it profits from maximising
         | user engagement and potential for addiction.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | > Anything that provides a 'hit' stands a chance of being
         | addictive.
         | 
         | Also holds for the edit-compile-test cycle, I suppose.
        
         | salawat wrote:
         | In intelligence circles, you evaluate an adversary in terms of
         | capabilities as a rule, then figure out the impact of those
         | capabilities when employed against you.
         | 
         | I find it interesting that so many people in the world have a
         | knee jerk reaction specifically against doing this. Especially
         | when it comes to tactics around manipulation. The fact is,
         | everyone is vulnerable to it. You don't spend all your time
         | worrying about it mind, but it behooves one to evaluate and
         | maintain a sense of perspective. No, Reddit probably isn't
         | always actively engaging in some direct form of manipulation.
         | 
         | Oh wait, yes they are, they advertise, and they moderate. Both
         | of those are active measures to shape discourse, the difference
         | in whether this is positive or negative tends to come into play
         | based on who the shaping of discourae benefits, and who it
         | maligns, and where you are in respect to that divide. They
         | aren't a hands off neutral platform.
         | 
         | The more interesting article, in my mind, would have been one
         | less focused on particular tech, and moreso the role of
         | manipulation in the modern world.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Tech and "tech companies" are a huge red herring in these
           | discussions. These are business models and business
           | decisions. The algorithms aren't doing this on their own -
           | there are humans there, making decisions to mess with
           | people's heads and make money through tricking other people
           | to part with their money.
           | 
           | It's the same problem as we had 100+ years ago - and really
           | even the same problems real (not stereotypical) Luddites rose
           | against: business decisions. But talking about this is
           | boring, we've been having this discussion for generations.
           | Focusing on "tech" generates more clicks.
        
         | op03 wrote:
         | Cheese burgers and video games aren't free dude.
         | 
         | Bad enough they are handing out free drugs. On top of that look
         | at the behavior it produces. Algo amplification of all the
         | content that generates polarization, misinfo, mob justice etc
         | is not possible without a corral of people addicted to and
         | conditioned by the Like/Click/Upvote/View/Follower count.
         | 
         | When their behavior is unproductive. They point at their Like
         | counter as validation. Thats how Trump end ups thinking he is
         | doing something productive.
        
       | u678u wrote:
       | My smartphone is a now a net negative for me. I need a token
       | apps, maps, uber but everything else really is wasting my time.
       | Sure I've tried a bunch of things but the addictive apps keep
       | coming back.
        
       | montenegrohugo wrote:
       | I'd add that algorithmic feeds are another part of the triad
       | (quartet?), and probably the worst offender. Personalized
       | addictive content is on the rise (tiktok, YouTube, even Facebook
       | and Twitter curate your newsfeed "for you" ), and these ml-
       | determined feeds drive engagement to the highest possible levels,
       | leading to an incredible waste of time, a distorted world view
       | (mostly the posts with the highest engagement will be those that
       | call for outrage, which leads to radicalization [1]), and just in
       | general a society where our information consumption is determined
       | by black boxes with opaque goals that do not optimize for the
       | common good.
       | 
       | I attribute a significant part of the political rift and
       | radicalization that has occurred in the western world in the past
       | few years to specifically this feature, the algorithmically
       | determined, engagement maximizing, feed.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-020-00550-7
        
         | api wrote:
         | I definitely think personalized feeds are the worst in terms of
         | "negative value creation." I don't think Qanon for example
         | would be a popular movement without having ridden the YouTube
         | recommendation algorithm and Facebook's personalized feeds
         | before those companies were forced to ban it.
         | 
         | I think of it this way. Lets say I walk past someone on the
         | street and say "hi." Now lets say I punch them in the face.
         | What creates the most engagement?
        
         | ghoward wrote:
         | I agree. In fact, I wrote about that fact on my blog.
         | https://gavinhoward.com/2019/11/recommendations-and-radicali...
        
         | throwaway29389 wrote:
         | Looking at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radicalization I'm
         | honestly surprised to see the world "radicalization" used as a
         | net negative thing, rather than positive/negative/neutral
         | depending on context.
         | 
         | E.g. Gandhi would have been called "radical" without implying
         | any violent tendency.
        
           | Spivak wrote:
           | I think this emerges as a collective version of the "my views
           | are always normal" fallacy.
           | 
           | * Anyone who drives slower than me is an idiot and anyone who
           | drives faster than me is reckless.
           | 
           | * Anyone who's worse than me at me at Overwatch is a noob,
           | anyone who's better than me has no life.
           | 
           | * Anyone who's views are less extreme than me is a sheep,
           | anyone who's views are more extreme than me is a radical.
           | 
           | It takes a lot of effort to realize that I'm on the "radical"
           | spectrum for a lot of my political views (I'm hella
           | progressive) and that that isn't a bad thing, but neither are
           | other people's, in my view less aggressive, ideas for
           | tackling problems.
        
             | gugagore wrote:
             | It certainly feels tricky because "radical" can apply to
             | ideas about goals and also to ideas about ways of achieving
             | goals ("tackling problems").
             | 
             | It's hard to suss out people's goals. They might not
             | understand their goals themselves, and "goal" may be an
             | abstract and unknowable thing. But I think it's necessary
             | to find some goals to be a bad thing in order to figure out
             | your own politics.
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | Since 9/11 it's been common to use "radicalization" to refer
           | to crossing the line between regular Islam and Radical Islam.
           | 
           | And (to a lesser extent) the equivalent process for other
           | domestic terrorist groups.
           | 
           | People will still understand what you mean if you use
           | "radicalization" to refer to positive things, but they'll
           | wonder if you're making a very dry joke.
        
         | toto444 wrote:
         | I have moved from using reddit to frequenting a traditional
         | forum where the content is ordered chronologically and that
         | makes an insane difference to the quality of the conversation.
         | 
         | You go from the most outrageous at the top to the most
         | discussed at the top. All content gets a chance to be read.
         | Even if it the first user find it uninteresting. On reddit, if
         | what you post gets a downvote very quickly, you're basically
         | done.
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | Yes, Reddit basically encourages flashy comments.
           | 
           | But the rub with traditional message boards is, that they
           | don't scale well. Some subreddits have many, many thousands
           | of active regular participants. It's hard for a single
           | subforum to operate at that scale.
        
             | starpilot wrote:
             | Isn't this the same as the algo-driven placement of HN
             | stories and comments?
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | To a certain extent, yes, though my understanding is that
               | HN's comment ranking algorithm is substantially different
               | from Reddit's.
        
               | gibspaulding wrote:
               | Also, HN is more of a news feed than a forum, so it makes
               | sense to favor newer posts over knowledge-base type
               | threads.
               | 
               | Makes me sort of want an HN forum though. Maybe limited
               | to self posts and with a more chronological feed.
        
           | mdoms wrote:
           | It's such a shame that most hobby-related content has moved
           | to Reddit. Because of the way the algorithms work there are
           | no long-running threads and recent content is heavily
           | favoured.
           | 
           | This is terrible for hobby boards because it means that
           | content from long-timers gets drowned out by newbies asking
           | the same questions over and over. In my experience hobby
           | subreddits are completely dominated by inexperienced newbies
           | giving one another the same cargo-cult advice. That, and
           | straight up image posts with literally 0 value (for example
           | the front page of /r/simracing at any given moment is usually
           | about 30-50% pictures of just a steering wheel / rig from
           | someone saying "got my new wheel/rig today").
           | 
           | The old days of forums were great for hobbyists because the
           | long-running threads would stretch into the dozens or
           | hundreds of pages of comments. Newbies could be directed to
           | the longer threads or deep-linked directly to older comments.
           | The format surfaced all posts, but did not favour recency -
           | old threads could be revived (necro'd) or kept up top
           | indefinitely. It wasn't perfect but it was a system that
           | favoured long-timers over newbies.
        
           | wott wrote:
           | > I have moved from using reddit to frequenting a traditional
           | forum where the content is ordered chronologically
           | 
           | Chronologically by _last update_ , otherwise you could always
           | read /r/yoursub/new, but that's only chronologically by _last
           | original post_. By _last original post_ doesn 't help much.
           | For slow-moving subs, it doesn't change anything much; for
           | fast-moving subs, it's okay-ish if you care about posts more
           | than comments, but you still lack curation (however
           | imperfect).
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | I liked Facebook much more when I could scroll back far enough
         | and my perfectionist mind would see where I previously left off
         | and I'd feel "caught up". You can still do it, but the content
         | changes a bit every time. Twitter seems a lot worse; you'll
         | never be able to "go back" and find that thing you just saw a
         | minute ago before you closed the app, and it's just infinite.
        
         | luplex wrote:
         | I think this is how AI takes over humanity.
         | 
         | Humans are so short-sighted, we don't even need a
         | superintelligence to outsmart us. We happily stand by and
         | collect profits while letting the AI do whatever it wants.
         | Really, we need regulation that makes companies care about
         | side-effects of their AI technology.
        
           | mym1990 wrote:
           | It reminds me of Spirited Away and how everyone fed No Face
           | for a little gold in return, but in the end they all got
           | eaten.
        
           | Consultant32452 wrote:
           | Wait until people figure out how much power the AIs already
           | have over election outcomes.
        
             | minikites wrote:
             | What?
        
               | cannabis_sam wrote:
               | Most people in democracies are entrenched into two blocks
               | (even in European multiparty systems), and
               | AI/ML/statistical methods/mathematical optimization
               | allows interested groups to target the people inbetween
               | the blocks. And based on their personality profile you
               | can goad them to one side or the other with targeted
               | advertising.
               | 
               | (I'm not making any claims about where or how or how much
               | these things are happening.)
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | The AI determines which political articles and posts you
               | see. The AI determines if you get reminded to
               | register/vote. At the extremes the AI has a very strong
               | impact on whether you believe Obama is a secret Muslim or
               | Trump is a Russian asset.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | Which means people best able to play people to increase
               | the "this post is good" score of the AI will sway the
               | election results. It's not enough to _control_ them, but
               | I 'd imagine you can tip a close election by 10% or so.
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | Dr. Robert Epstein has done some research on this and has
               | testified before Congress about it. Here's one article.
               | https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-google-search-
               | bia...
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | Reality has a left-wing bias. It's not surprising that
               | people who research things drift away from right-wing
               | rhetoric.
        
               | bordercases wrote:
               | "Objective absolute indifferent thing, has _bias_ towards
               | patchy intersubjective historically situated thing"
               | sounds a lot less catchy when you unpack it.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | It's a joke. Mainstream right-wing socioeconomic theories
               | are falsified by reality more often than mainstream left-
               | wing socioeconomic theories. (Of course, left-wing v.s.
               | right-wing is a bad way to judge a socioeconomic theory;
               | better to check whether it's right.)
        
               | throwaway3699 wrote:
               | Not reality, but definitely the media we consume. It's no
               | wonder those Search results skew left when most news
               | articles do too.
        
           | skohan wrote:
           | I have sometimes mused about how we have worried about "sky
           | net" since the 90's, but we've already let AI have power to
           | control our lives to some extent.
           | 
           | For instance, there are cases you can point to where some
           | normal person on Twitter with a couple dozen followers posted
           | the wrong thing, it blew up into an international story, and
           | they eventually got fired from their real-world job for it.
           | Who made the decision that this person's views should be
           | widely scrutinized? In a lot of cases it was the algorithm:
           | for whatever reason that tweet drew engagement, so a massive
           | spotlight was put on this mostly-private individual.
           | 
           | In a real way that's an example of an AI system deciding to
           | take away someone's livelihood.
        
             | ramphastidae wrote:
             | > Who made the decision that this person's views should be
             | widely scrutinized?
             | 
             | This is a serious stretch. The algo didn't force that
             | person to sign up and post their every ignorant thought on
             | a public forum. People can just put down their phones but
             | they love the attention. Individuals are just as guilty for
             | giving power over themselves to social media.
        
               | blub wrote:
               | It's not the ignorant thoughts which are considered
               | wrongthink nowadays, but reasonable opinions that don't
               | toe the line on controversial topics.
        
               | skohan wrote:
               | I'm not "blaming the AI" for this person's behavior. My
               | point is that there was a non-human component in this
               | decision process which led to this person losing their
               | livelihood.
               | 
               | To make an old-world analogue, in 1980 for someone to be
               | held to account for an objectionable view, it probably
               | would have involved some journalist making the decision
               | to write a story about the comments which someone made.
               | That human component in deciding what is newsworthy has
               | been replaced by a machine in some cases.
               | 
               | Another example would be dating apps. Now we have
               | algorithms which make decisions about which parts of the
               | dating pool an individual will have access to. In a real
               | sense, non-human intelligence is playing some role in who
               | gets to pass on their genes to the next generation, and
               | with whom.
               | 
               | I'm not saying that our lives are ruled by machines, but
               | they're not completely _not_ governed by machines either.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | If anything, the next generation of people will learn to
               | avoid online polarized engagement using their own
               | identities. They will create these curated and sterile
               | personas under their real name while using a _nom de
               | plume_ for actual content.
               | 
               | I'm kind of surprised that aliases have not widely taken
               | off already. But I suppose the consequences are not very
               | severe yet.
        
               | iamatworknow wrote:
               | >I'm kind of surprised that aliases have not widely taken
               | off already.
               | 
               | The funny thing is that these aliases already existed,
               | but we've largely eschewed them for our "real"
               | identities. Prior to probably Facebook I think every
               | interaction I had with other people online was behind a
               | screen name detached from my real world identity.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > even Facebook and Twitter curate your newsfeed "for you"
         | 
         | At least for Twitter, it allows you to turn that algorithm crap
         | off and it respects that choice - iirc even across devices.
         | 
         | Facebook, meanwhile, has entirely turned off that ability.
        
           | kjakm wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure Twitter switches you back to the algo feed
           | after a certain amount of time (or at least they used to).
        
           | notacoward wrote:
           | The _functionality_ is still there, but they 've made it
           | harder and harder to access. It used to be an obvious choice.
           | Then it was buried in options, then deeper in options, and
           | now I can't even find it any more. However, if you add the
           | magical "?sk=h_chr" to your Facebook bookmark you'll get a
           | chronological feed (at least until you click on the icon to
           | go back to the top so refresh instead).
           | 
           | I'm sure they'll completely break it some day. They broke it
           | briefly once already. Since I was working at Facebook at the
           | time I filed a task on it. The response was the rudest I ever
           | got in 3.5 years at the company. If it works, as long as it
           | works, it's basically by accident (or because some front-end
           | developer is resisting management's constant pressure to
           | deprecate it).
        
             | anticensor wrote:
             | It is still working. But no, uncurated chronological feed
             | is just too dense for me.
        
         | joshspankit wrote:
         | The other component is that algorithmic feeds _encourage_ echo
         | chambers. People engage with outrage most when they are on the
         | "same side" of it.
        
           | xwolfi wrote:
           | But what of trolling then, a sort of counter reaction to the
           | echo chamber where large outliers enter the room and disturb
           | the equilibrium?
           | 
           | For my part I think it's asynchronous written debates that
           | are the source of these problems, so even earlier than
           | facebook.
           | 
           | On a large massive forums, people write for themselves, not
           | the others, and barely read the discussion. Oral debates or
           | written rendering of them, had the advantage to be slow, less
           | variate, and adaptative to a single argumentative line.
           | 
           | Nowadays when you discuss an issue online, everyone starts
           | new train of thought to escape adaptation, and care little
           | about an audience they d need to seduce or convince.
           | 
           | I suppose I just did the same anyway, you can reply but I
           | wont read :)
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | I think this is partially correct. People write for
             | themselves, but they also write for an audience. The latter
             | is a problem because they can essentially ignore whatever
             | they are responding to as long as triggers n upvote. This
             | disincentivizes honest and productive dialog in favor of
             | nitpicking, gotchas, or simple ridicule.
             | 
             | The former is like a bunch of drunk grandpas mumbling to
             | themselves in a room, the latter is like a self interested
             | orator playing to a crowd. Asynchronous written debate can
             | be the one of the best forms of communication. Think about
             | Jefferson's letters or other famous correspondence. The
             | incentives are just wrong on boards with ranking and voting
        
             | wccrawford wrote:
             | Trolling pushes people further into their echo chambers. It
             | isn't intended to encourage a wider world view, it's
             | intended to hurt. It just convinces people that they're
             | already on the right side.
        
       | WaitWaitWha wrote:
       | Read 'The BITE Model Of Authoritarian Control: Undue Influence,
       | Thought Reform, Brainwashing, Mind Control, Trafficking And The
       | Law' by Steven Alan Hassan
       | 
       | or
       | 
       | 'Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of
       | "Brainwashing" in China' by Robert Jay Lifton
       | 
       | (both readily available as PDF online)
        
       | jhunter1016 wrote:
       | I agree with all of this. I also think Medium is a social media
       | site (as is HN), guilty of the same things the author calls out.
        
         | rapnie wrote:
         | Well yes, there are addictive aspects to HN. But aren't they
         | more like side-effects?
         | 
         | The upvoting of submissions is needed to 'crowdsource' an
         | interesting front page.
         | 
         | You might do without the karma reputation system, but that
         | _will_ have negative impact on the quality of discussion. After
         | you passed the first treshold (downvote privilege at karma 500)
         | there seems to be no value to the system (no further
         | privileges). But (forgot the game theory name) the
         | 'punishment' of a downvote + karma decrease is probably a great
         | help against shitposting.
         | 
         | Is there a _right_ way to set things up, and maintain high
         | community standards and comment quality?
         | 
         | Edit: Was it Loss aversion?
        
       | Kaze404 wrote:
       | I still haven't fully grasped that we reached this point of
       | perversiveness online. We have brilliant minds and a ridiculous
       | amount of money working on making Alabama's soccer moms click
       | more ads, and we have reached the point of making people addicted
       | to _websites_ to reach that goal.
       | 
       | Obviously this is nothing new, and the cigarette industry has
       | been profitting off addiction for decades, but I never expected
       | the same thing (except the very immediate threat of lung cancer)
       | to happen to tools that could have been optimized for so much
       | good instead.
       | 
       | And the worst part is that some of it is just _so incompetent_. I
       | 've been trying to break away from Facebook for a while, and
       | recently (the past year or so) I started realizing that my
       | Facebook feed always shows me the exact same posts in the exact
       | same order for _days_ , to the point where I know exactly what
       | post will be first when I open the website. Where is all the
       | Facebook money going? What are these people working on? What are
       | they _doing_?
        
         | thecupisblue wrote:
         | Fixing bullshit left by others, refactoring parts of the
         | machine, copying other apps, working on pointless panels and
         | ideas that will be killed in a hot minute or forgotten about,
         | working on internal tools or mostly - fighting internal
         | political battles to get a promotion/more
         | money/authority/status. Most of the people are not there to
         | innovate but to earn money and status for themselves by working
         | at the big F***K
        
           | ketzo wrote:
           | You sound like you're speaking from experience, so I wanna
           | ask: How genuinely true do you think this is? I'm always
           | curious, about the FAANGs in general but Facebook in
           | particular.
           | 
           | Divorced from as much cynicism as possible, what % of level
           | I-III software employees are _just_ there for their resumes?
        
             | reducesuffering wrote:
             | From Amazon, and according to my extensive experience with
             | the other FANG in Blind, I would very seriously say 90% are
             | there simply for resume and money.
        
               | QuixoticQuibit wrote:
               | I don't feel like Blind is a good source. Selection bias
               | at play. Especially with disgruntled employees or the
               | ones who only care about optimizing earnings.
        
           | rhizome wrote:
           | Every idea is vulnerable to the monster understatedly known
           | as "business rules." If you want to change how these
           | companies operate, how they treat users, or, really, how the
           | company makes money in a user-driven economy, you have to be
           | able to affect "business rules."
        
       | api wrote:
       | There are two kinds of capitalism: value creation capitalism
       | (also known as industrial capitalism) and value _extraction_
       | capitalism. The latter includes quite a lot of financial
       | capitalism, profit-driven warfare, and casinos and other
       | addiction-driven products.
       | 
       | The former creates value while the latter extracts and
       | concentrates it while overall creating net negative value.
       | Addicting people to Skinner boxes is destroying hours of what
       | otherwise might be productive, rejuvenating, or enriching time.
       | It's macroeconomically indistinguishable from killing people.
       | 
       | One of the central problems of modern Western capitalism is that
       | we fail to distinguish between the two. A businessperson is
       | successful an a genius if they make money; nobody bothers to
       | distinguish between those that make money by creating value and
       | those that make money by merely extracting it and leaving a path
       | of destruction in their wake.
       | 
       | Maybe we can figure out a way to re-channel the impulses of
       | "cancel culture" in this direction, cancelling those that promote
       | addictive net value destroying products and services. Since the
       | algorithmic timeline and other personalized recommendation
       | engines are by far the largest pushers of fascist and neo-racist
       | ideology, the original goals of "cancel culture" might still be
       | indirectly achieved.
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | Cancel culture is not something that is very effective against
         | rich people, because you can't fire somebody who don't have a
         | job.
        
         | MayeulC wrote:
         | Well, I think capitalism can be summed up as "optimize for one
         | metric: capital".
         | 
         | In a capitalist world, if you want to change what companies are
         | doing, make it more expensive to do so (alternatively, less
         | lucrative). So I guess tax and fine companies, like GDPR does.
         | 
         | I wish there was a simple way to add more metrics like
         | pollution, social impact, health impact, etc. But those are
         | rather hard to measure, usually not immediately available, and
         | can be hidden in some way or another. It might be doable,
         | though, as we were more or less able to do so with capital
         | (track monetary exchanges, etc); which is a completely
         | artificial metric.
         | 
         | Disclaimer: I know nothing about actual economy theories.
        
       | SamuelAdams wrote:
       | Can't remember who this quote came from but it went something
       | like this: "The only two things that call their clients 'users'
       | is drugs and software."
        
         | salawat wrote:
         | It actually depends a lot on circumstance and half the work of
         | software engineering is figuring out your different use cases.
         | Every aspect of a system can have a different beneficiary.
         | 
         | Data analysts are interested in different things than end
         | consumers, who are interested in different things than admins
         | or sponsors...
         | 
         | If you can't split a generic abstraction of 'users' down
         | further, you're either umplementing a very generic tool, or
         | you're simply not standing up a system where the idea of access
         | control is important.
         | 
         | The rub is how nefariously sneaky that access control
         | abstraction can be employed as a fundamental tool.
        
         | rapnie wrote:
         | I try to avoid the term in docs and discussion, but find that -
         | where I can't refer to stakeholder names directly - I fall back
         | to "the people that use the software", which.. might be more
         | efficiently named 'users'.
        
           | byecomputer wrote:
           | I mean, the play on words in the gp is cute, and gives one
           | the big Hmmm, but the accepted term is 'user' and some hills
           | aren't worth dying on
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | mromanuk wrote:
       | > It might be, for all we know, that the primary reason someone
       | posts on social media is anger. If a proper study was done, I bet
       | it would show exactly that.
       | 
       | This is a low quality assertion.
       | 
       | > "How could they have just scrolled and scrolled all day? Didn't
       | they know what it was doing to them?" Social media is the new
       | cigarettes. Everyone does it, it's addictive, it's harmful, and
       | you should quit.
       | 
       | Scrolling is not different that sitting in front of your TV or
       | consuming other types of information. I think social media is
       | bad, but that's just my opinion, this article sounds like an
       | unsubstantiated opinion, too.
        
         | xpe wrote:
         | There are weaknesses in the article, but the central claims
         | ring true.
         | 
         | It is good, in moderation, to be detail-oriented and skeptical.
         | But don't let these qualities run amok and prevent you from
         | considering the overall claims.
        
       | is_true wrote:
       | I work in a small company that helps news sites with engagement.
       | Our aim is for our clients to be a place where the community can
       | find as much info as possible for their daily life. Trying to
       | offer readers all the info in the most easily digestible way.
       | 
       | Everytime we get a new customer we have to discuss to explain to
       | them that the real value is in providing the info people need as
       | fast and simple as possible. Unfortunately we have to fight
       | against some major forces, such as google ranking sites with
       | longer content just because of that and not metrics related to
       | value.
        
       | twobitshifter wrote:
       | Really some of these techniques are just scaling what is standard
       | at arcades and bringing it online. Anyone who has ever been to an
       | arcade knows how many tokens/quarters you can go through to keep
       | playing and playing.
       | 
       | The danger with mobile gaming is that you never really get to
       | leave the arcade and you don't have to intrinsically budget the
       | way you used to at arcades. At the arcade you usually have a
       | fixed number of tokens to spend and you always have the allure of
       | other games pulling you away.
        
       | piyh wrote:
       | This guy is a consultant giving a talk to a mobile game company
       | and has slides titled "Use of Coercive Monetization". It's pretty
       | much an evil TED talk on dark patterns.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zex3b2mDnUw&t=17m16s
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | minikites wrote:
       | Unfortunately, our economic system guarantees outcomes like this
       | in pursuit of perpetual and ever increasing growth and profit. We
       | either need to add regulations (short term fixes) or change our
       | economic system (long term fixes). We can't continue to do
       | nothing if we want to maintain a civil democratic society.
       | Misinformation and propaganda are too powerful to leave
       | unchecked.
        
       | notacoward wrote:
       | Lots of good points here. I particularly like the "dark triad"
       | bit, though I think a lot of nuance around different types of
       | likes/upvotes/whatever is missing. It _makes a difference_
       | whether those are shown to others and /or used to sort others'
       | feeds. That last point is very close to montenegrohugo's about
       | algorithmic feeds, with which I completely agree. _Algorithmic
       | feeds_ , especially those which show content from people/groups I
       | don't even follow, definitely deserve a place in the Dark Tetrad.
       | 
       | To illustrate these points, consider HN itself. Yes, HN uses an
       | algorithm to determine story prominence. Yes, it has upvotes.
       | Yes, it uses relative timestamps. OTOH, the upvotes are not shown
       | to others and it doesn't have infinite scroll. I also wouldn't
       | consider it a "feed" like Twitter or Facebook. On the third hand,
       | even the features HN does have arguably contribute to echo
       | chambers and audience pandering. I think this well illustrates
       | that it's not easy to determine good vs. bad social media, and it
       | would be hard to argue here that all social media are bad. ;)
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | Discussion of the addictive qualities of social media often
       | strikes me as bizarre.
       | 
       | Where is examination of the person doing the scrolling? Isn't the
       | flaw there?
       | 
       | (The following applies to adults):
       | 
       | Ostensibly, the person should be allowed to spend their time as
       | they like if they're engaging in legal activity. If people
       | thought that engaging in social media was bad for them, they
       | would stop. Are we really saying that people cannot stop using
       | social media? Are we saying that people don't think it's bad for
       | them?
       | 
       | If people can't stop doing an activity that is definitely hurting
       | them, don't they need professional help? Do all these social
       | media users need professional help?
       | 
       | What amount of time on social media is sufficient for it to have
       | a negative effect? Is it anything besides zero?
       | 
       | To be meta: if hackernews is social media and social media is
       | bad, are we all hurting ourselves?
        
         | FFRefresh wrote:
         | I do think this is a worthy callout, that is often missing in
         | discussions about social media and/or any sort of complex
         | system.
         | 
         | The general narrative implies (but would never say) that humans
         | lack agency and the ability to act in their own self-interest.
         | And if only we could remove the social media site/system, would
         | we see an enlightened, more perfect human.
         | 
         | Don't get me wrong, I'm strongly in favor of designing systems
         | to bring out the best in humanity. But I think a lot of what we
         | see on social media is a reflection of who we are as humans,
         | and what we desire and want to see. And I don't see enough
         | discussion at the individual level, and why we act the way we
         | do.
         | 
         | If the discussion was at the individual level, we'd start to
         | see our common humanity, and the conversation about social
         | media would be less about moderating out the 'bad content'
         | (which always just so happens to be the content that our
         | outgroup likes), and more about the philosophical
         | considerations with designing complex systems that help
         | humanity thrive (and what it means to thrive).
        
           | djoldman wrote:
           | >I think a lot of what we see on social media is a reflection
           | of who we are as humans, and what we desire and want to see.
           | 
           | Agreed.
           | 
           | I'm curious why there aren't deep discussions about WHY
           | people want to __insert convenient social media action__.
           | Isn't the flaw that we have a fear of missing out, want to
           | appear to have high status, want to belong to a group whose
           | identity is tied into being _against_ another group, etc.?
           | 
           | I just see most of these discussions giving the above a pass
           | as if that's just who we are and we bear no responsibility in
           | engaging in such activity.
        
             | soledades wrote:
             | Telling people to be different is simply not a viable
             | mechanism for making the world a better place.
             | 
             | You can inquire after however many chickens and eggs you
             | like about why the world is the way it is, but I think most
             | people are more interested in what can be done to improve
             | things.
        
               | djoldman wrote:
               | >Telling people to be different is simply not a viable
               | mechanism for making the world a better place.
               | 
               | Perhaps. However this reminds me of the credit cards that
               | are offered on college campuses. They're signed up for
               | like hotcakes sometimes. Later in life people learn that
               | perhaps it isn't such a good idea. Can't people be given
               | information showing the potential effects of decisions
               | that then helps them better make choices?
               | 
               | >You can inquire after however many chickens and eggs you
               | like about why the world is the way it is, but I think
               | most people are more interested in what can be done to
               | improve things.
               | 
               | My point exactly. Let's stop talking about social media,
               | which takes advantage of a root flaw. Let's talk about
               | the root flaw.
        
               | soledades wrote:
               | What you call a root flaw (in your previous comment) I
               | see as being neither root nor a flaw, but that is not
               | interesting to me.
               | 
               | If you take a plant out of the ground, and toss it into
               | the sea, the plant dies. The 'root flaw' is that the
               | plant is a vulnerable living being. The more relevant
               | fact is that the plant is better off in the ground.
        
         | ketzo wrote:
         | > If people thought that engaging in social media was bad for
         | them, they would stop.
         | 
         | This is the absolute cornerstone of your argument, and I gotta
         | say, I think it is 100% incorrect.
         | 
         | This is, in fact, how we often define addiction: A behavior
         | that a person repeatedly and compulsively engages in _despite
         | zero or negative side effects_.
         | 
         | People will _absolutely_ do things, and continue to do things,
         | that they know for certain are bad for them.
         | 
         | I mean, seriously -- ask _anyone_ in your life whether they
         | think social media is actually good for them. I genuinely think
         | _every single person I know_ would respond to the effect of  "I
         | wish I used it less, but it's tough to quit."
        
           | djoldman wrote:
           | I should have made "If people thought that engaging in social
           | media was bad for them, they would stop" into question rather
           | than a statement.
           | 
           | That said, my follow up questions stand: If people can't stop
           | doing an activity that is definitely hurting them, don't they
           | need professional help? Do all these social media users need
           | professional help?
        
             | ketzo wrote:
             | Interesting, I got too focused on that point. I think
             | you're absolutely right, or at least have the potential to
             | be; I have certainly known people in my life who have had
             | _deeply_ problematic relationships with social media, to
             | the point where professional help was either used or (IMO)
             | would have been a good idea. I mean, I 've personally had
             | days where I wished that someone would just yell "get off
             | fucking reddit!" at me.
             | 
             | I don't think it's "all users," and even for lots of users
             | who are harmed, it's not necessarily "all the time." But
             | it's definitely something that could be helped by a
             | professional.
             | 
             | I guess the alternative is regulation of some kind: we
             | recognize that these sites have the potential for
             | meaningful harm to a large number of people, and someone
             | (the government?) steps in to do something about it.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | I predict Social Media Rehab is going to be a huge and
               | lucrative business in about 5-10 years. Invest now.
               | 
               | ...
               | 
               | I initially wrote that as a joke and intended to just hit
               | Reply and move on with my life, but reflecting for more
               | than a minute, there may be something to this. We have
               | drug rehab programs which work to varying degrees. I
               | wonder what research is being done on how to rehabilitate
               | victims of social media, and if any specific techniques
               | are known yet. Social Media has been known as a societal
               | ill for some time, so surely someone is investigating
               | this!
        
         | logshipper wrote:
         | In a world where every party was rational, your points would
         | make total and complete sense.
         | 
         | The reality, however is that social media companies with their
         | curated feeds, dopamine buttons, echo chambers, and sheer size
         | can push products to the market that cause detriment to the
         | overall cultural environment. The average Joe does not
         | understand that his Twitter feed is _designed_ to keep him
         | hooked. I bet you, if he knew, he'd have quit long ago.
         | 
         | Your argument essentially posits that opioid addicts be held
         | responsible for their addictions rather than our legal system
         | clamping down on big pharma.
        
           | djoldman wrote:
           | >The reality, however is that social media companies with
           | their curated feeds, dopamine buttons, echo chambers, and
           | sheer size can push products to the market that cause
           | detriment to the overall cultural environment.
           | 
           | Given the nature of the internet, any entity can bring a
           | product to the market that could be negative for users.
           | What's the solution beyond the current legal framework?
           | 
           | >Your argument essentially posits that opioid addicts be held
           | responsible for their addictions rather than our legal system
           | clamping down on big pharma.
           | 
           | There's a wide gulf between consuming and engaging with
           | intangible media content and abusing biologically powerful
           | physical substances. Someone becoming addicted to a
           | controlled substance like opioids is different from social
           | media in a profound way. I think society recognizes this
           | given that opioids are largely controlled substances.
        
       | WORMS_EAT_WORMS wrote:
       | I always thought it was pretty obvious when YouTube rolled out
       | screen time reminders.
       | 
       | It had nothing to do with anything but minimizing liability in
       | case the general public ever catches on to what they are doing to
       | kids mental health.
       | 
       | What's hilarious is they probably have some "data retention
       | policy" and will get away with it.
       | 
       | I guess it's why SV engineers want to care about social issues so
       | much. When you're up in your $300k+ a year ivory tower built on
       | something you know is dirty, you are exactly the type of person
       | to be angry and project frustration.
       | 
       | I saw on Reddit a screenshot of AOC dogging on old people in
       | Congress for not understanding digital. She listed a bunch of
       | modern day issues and this wasn't one of them. If even she
       | doesn't know, we really are screwed.
        
         | Mauricebranagh wrote:
         | How is this that much different to similar "concerns" about
         | kids watching to much tv back in the 60's 70's etc.
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | With youtube you're one "recommended" video away from both
           | morally dubious content targeting kids, and qanon conspiracy
           | content.
        
             | Mauricebranagh wrote:
             | I think that's more a problem for the grandparents and
             | parents
        
               | delecti wrote:
               | It's definitely a problem for both. Lots of kids are
               | getting radicalized too, along with the Fox News
               | generation.
        
               | SethMurphy wrote:
               | While not related to TV (but possibly radio), My
               | political radicalism probably peaked in 4th grade due to
               | my surroundings. Young minds can be very easily
               | influenced before they fully develop critical thinking.
        
               | slothtrop wrote:
               | Sure, but you still can't police the content your kids
               | watch there passively, while conversely with Netflix or
               | cable you can set it and forget it.
        
               | Minor49er wrote:
               | If parents are relying on "setting it and forgetting it",
               | that's not policing at all. Youtube Kids was supposed to
               | be a solution like this where the site would offer
               | filtered videos for children, but it quickly resulted in
               | the so-called Elsagate scandal where children were
               | targeted with videos depicting things like violence, drug
               | use, and sexual activity
        
             | ohdannyboy wrote:
             | Is that actually your experience on YouTube or is this just
             | something people say to encourage deplatforming? I don't
             | think I've seen anything at the level of flat earth or Q on
             | my related videos since like 2017... I've even attempted to
             | seek out some of these videos just to see the claims and it
             | was difficult to maneuver past Youtubes search
             | redirections.
             | 
             | Want a non-conspiracy example? Search "obama is gone" on
             | youtube then on DuckDuckGo. Even a stupid crab rave meme is
             | buried, presumably for the purposes of preventing Obama
             | related conspiracy theories from emerging.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=obama+is+gone
             | https://duckduckgo.com/?q=obama+is+gone+site%3Ayoutube.com
             | 
             | I'd still never park my kid on Youtube but things aren't
             | like they were pre-adpocalypse.
        
               | slothtrop wrote:
               | Just yesterday I got recommendations for Sky News, some
               | preacher, and conspiracy clips. All it took was to watch
               | a couple of music videos with several million views. This
               | is what the algorithm is shoveling to people.
               | 
               | One evening of video surfing and you'll practically trip
               | over them. I have no idea how it is one could never
               | notice this stuff. I clear cookies and have no account.
        
               | ohdannyboy wrote:
               | Interesting. I do look at related videos so it's not
               | about noticing anything... We clearly have different
               | experiences.
               | 
               | The difference I see is that I have an account with
               | subscriptions and years of activity data. I guess the
               | algorithm knows I don't click on that stuff so they
               | stopped trying to show it to me. I'm very surprised to
               | learn they are giving users these recommendations by
               | default.
        
           | macNchz wrote:
           | The type of content is certainly different, since anyone can
           | upload videos to YouTube. The TV that kids were watching "too
           | much" of was super bland, mainstream stuff, for better or
           | worse. There certainly weren't organizations bulk generating
           | thousands of hours worth of creepy and bizarre videos
           | featuring kids' favorite characters, for example:
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsagate
        
           | tomc1985 wrote:
           | Have you seen the content that inevitably ends up in kids
           | autoplay video feeds? Weird doesn't even begin to describe
           | it. Some of it would give HBO pause.
        
             | tomjen3 wrote:
             | Almost every Disney movie have the childrens parents being
             | killed, the Swedish childrens author Astrid Lindgren (very
             | popular in Europe, I don't know about the US) wrote a story
             | called The Brothers Lionheart where the young brother is
             | dying from an incurable respiratory disease and (spoilers)
             | his brother dies saving him from a house fire. The he dies
             | from the respiratory disease.
             | 
             | My point is that children are being told stories that we
             | wouldn't consider for children all the time. And that isn't
             | even considering fairytales.
        
               | anticristi wrote:
               | I recently got a book with the full collection of the
               | Grimm brothers' fairytales. I don't get how those authors
               | got marketed as kids story writers. Some of the stories
               | make it feel like reading Terminator for bedtime is
               | harmless.
        
           | WORMS_EAT_WORMS wrote:
           | You make a great and difficult point. I'll try to answer as
           | best I can at least how I see it.
           | 
           | Big TV's goal is to broadcast as engaging as possible
           | material to a general audience. This is broad and therefore
           | not very addictive / effective.
           | 
           | Big Tech's goal is to broadcast as engaging as possible
           | material to an individual. This is specific and therefore
           | very addictive / effective.
           | 
           | Regardless that the goal is the same, one is a heavier
           | hitter, and we should have regulations to protect people
           | against the bigger punches.
        
             | zests wrote:
             | Here is a rough ranking of information sources by amount of
             | "user engagement".
             | 
             | Books < TV < Video Games <= Social Media
             | 
             | The rankings are potentially different per individual and
             | each information source effects people in different ways.
             | This is my mental model of different user engagement
             | sources. The hard part is where to draw the line and the
             | inevitable fact that pandora is already out of the box.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | > _Big TV's goal is to broadcast as engaging as possible
             | material to a general audience. This is broad and therefore
             | not very addictive._
             | 
             | That may have been true once, but since then TV distilled
             | down the patterns for maximizing addiction across the
             | biggest segment of the population - that's why most TV is
             | so mind-dumbing that you can almost feel your brain being
             | sucked out of your skull when watching.
             | 
             | But I agree that Internet media are much more focused and
             | much heavier hitters.
        
           | ACow_Adonis wrote:
           | Well, what happened to those kids? The kids grew up and now
           | spend the majority of their time working in advertising,
           | supplying games, creating endless streams of new media, etc.
           | 
           | how has it NOT been harmful?
           | 
           | I'm more inclined to believe my parents did the right thing
           | by limiting TV time and commenting that most of it was
           | rubbish. And I presume like many parents in Silicon Valley,
           | I'm going to fight tooth and nail to keep advertising and
           | most of this stuff from my kids.
           | 
           | The funny thing is, if you're not brought up around it, if
           | you learn some math and statistics, and then you suddenly go
           | somewhere exposure is considered normal, you almost have a
           | physical or psychological revulsion to it.
           | 
           | Ads become frustrating and unacceptable intrusions. casino
           | floors are sad, boring, pathetic and dystopian. mobile games
           | look like drugs foistered upon an underclass, etc.
           | 
           | At least with big TV at the time, programming was so limited
           | (at least in my country), you had maybe 2 to 3 hours per week
           | of anything that would fit a genre worth watching. But even
           | with that restriction, I know a large number of people who
           | deem that the TV should be on even if there's "nothing to
           | watch". I just can't write that sort of behaviour off as not
           | being dysfunctional, it's just that we've culturally got a
           | general acceptance of very specific types of dysfunction...
           | 
           | And what about rates of obesity? I'm not saying TV is solely
           | to blame, but are we going to pretend that screen time and
           | such programming (on demand or otherwise) is a blameless part
           | of our culture?
        
           | bluefirebrand wrote:
           | You scoff, but would you honestly say those concerns were
           | entirely unfounded?
           | 
           | Habits we develop as children tend to persist through our
           | lives. People who grew up very active tend to stay at least a
           | little active, people who grew up eating healthy diets will
           | tend to continue to eat well. The opposite also tends to be
           | true.
           | 
           | We have record levels of obesity in many developed nations
           | now. There's a lot to blame for that, but surely our
           | sedentary lifestyles is a factor. That includes watching too
           | much TV.
        
           | loveistheanswer wrote:
           | We know that both of those things can have negative effects
           | when taken to the extreme. Anything people find addicting can
           | be harmful.
           | 
           | For instance, television screen time is correlated with
           | increased obesity.
           | 
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4555288/
        
         | flavius29663 wrote:
         | to be honest, AOC doesn't seem very knowledgeable in general,
         | IMO she's just a trump (a less successful one), but on the
         | left.
        
       | luplex wrote:
       | I did an internship with a very profitable Swedish mobile game
       | before the pandemic, and it was really interesting to see the
       | doublethink: everyone knew we were making a drug, but people
       | avoided speaking of it in that way. It was always "our most
       | engaged players readily spend on in-game items", and never "the
       | most addicted users spend money so they can continue playing"
       | 
       | It was a great workplace, but I don't think it was adding much
       | value to the world.
        
         | dillondoyle wrote:
         | Yesterday I saw on Cardi B's stories she did a paid post
         | promotion for a game that is literally a slot machine..
         | 
         | It's designed with childlike graphics and her followers are
         | very young. It's marked as teen in google store.
         | 
         | God even the first review shows how blatant this is:
         | 
         | "I'm really not big on games but this game is the truth. I cant
         | stop playing it. I go to sleep to it. Wake to it. My day is
         | filled with ways of finding new ways to get coins and spins
         | (mainly spins, lol)"
         | 
         | I'm all for legal, regulated online gambling. This not even
         | disguised style of game should be called what it is. Some type
         | of Pachinko in that you don't get money back but some other
         | token. But even worse since you probably can't walk around the
         | corner to exchange easily for real world value.
         | 
         | Call it gambling, verified 18+, and regulate it.
         | 
         | https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.moonactive...
        
         | akhosravian wrote:
         | I worked for a VP in mobile games who described the central
         | loop as "giving the players a job and having them pay us [the
         | makers of the game] for it". I respected his candor on what we
         | are doing, but this was past the point when I had realized it
         | wasn't something I was proud to have spent time on.
        
         | piva00 wrote:
         | From my experience, knowing people who works at King this is
         | definitely a thing. The doublethink due to having a pretty
         | great workplace is stark.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bostik wrote:
         | This has been going on for more than a decade. I recommend to
         | read at least the opening chapter:
         | https://insertcredit.com/2011/09/22/who-killed-videogames-a-...
         | 
         | Yep, I've pasted that link in the past. It's now a proper
         | classic.
        
         | PoignardAzur wrote:
         | I once read "The best game developers are like weed dealers:
         | they sell you something they love. The worst game developers
         | are like heroin dealers: they would never, ever touch the
         | stuff, or let their own children get within a mile of it."
        
         | bromuro wrote:
         | Gaming today is not that different than gambling. I started
         | playing some games on iOS recently, I got addicted too and
         | spent way too much money I should have.
         | 
         | Meanwhile ads displayed in the app offer me "real money" and
         | "millions each month" playing cards or by "putting my finance
         | at risk" or playing similar addictive games.
         | 
         | (Yes, I paid for the game but there are ads for extra scores)
        
         | Funes- wrote:
         | >I don't think it was adding much value to the world
         | 
         | I believe this statement can be applied to the vast majority of
         | jobs, or capitalistic endeavors in general. Not to defend them
         | in any sort of way, as I abhor these practices, but I think we
         | should acknowledge that reality (and perhaps work our way out
         | of it, somehow)
        
         | lordnacho wrote:
         | Plausible deniability is such a wonderful idea.
         | 
         | There's a lot of things that fall on a spectrum, and this fact
         | can be used to pretend that motivations are different to what
         | they really are.
         | 
         | For instance, where is the line between investing and gambling?
         | A friend of mine was looking into setting up a spreadbetting
         | firm once, so he went talking to insiders. It turns out 90% of
         | people lose 90% of their money in 90 days, and that's what
         | several firms told him. But of course they don't lead with this
         | fact, they say they're offering training videos the teach you
         | how to invest in the market, just like proper investors. And
         | it's not even a lie, a lot of the content makes perfect sense
         | and would be found in any "proper" investment house. The real
         | deal is of course that they offer a buzz from massive leverage,
         | and everything about the UI is to make you blow yourself up.
         | 
         | The same story applies for social media. A place to keep in
         | touch with your old friends is a great thing, but
         | realistically, how often are you going to write to your
         | classmates on a classmates-only forum? And how is
         | classmatesforum going to make any money doing that? So we get
         | the ML-powered feed of news/funnies/cutesies reactions that
         | seems to be the modern social web.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | drchopchop wrote:
         | Yep, I spent many years at a large, public US mobile game
         | company and it was the same. We had a considerable number of
         | players who had total spend in the 5-figure range, and a few
         | into the 6's. And that's on one single game.
         | 
         | The constant rationalization around the office was basically
         | something like: "They're paying for fun, it would otherwise be
         | drinks/movies/real gambling/etc, we're just a different
         | medium". This, of course, completely ignored the boatload of
         | psychological exploitation tricks that we used to keep people
         | playing (and paying). The game mechanics were literally a
         | rigged slot machine. The meta-game was designed to constantly
         | tantalize you with something just out of reach. The
         | monetization was high-pressure, time-sensitive, and used false
         | discounts to increase value ("Get this $20.00 pack for $1.99!
         | Only for the next 60 minutes!")
         | 
         | It got very draining after a while, and I'm much happier now
         | that I've left the industry.
        
           | dleslie wrote:
           | I left casual games because of this; every partner and
           | publisher we worked with was heavily pressuring us to
           | optimize for whales. They wanted the long tale for marketing,
           | and the whales for revenue; and once hooked, the core
           | interaction loop was to be as addictive as possible.
           | 
           | When I left it was Candy Crush that was the top of the field;
           | and we were in awe. They were _always_ rewarding players, and
           | were pushing microtransactions everywhere. It was flashy like
           | a slot machine, and provided a constant stream of "rewards"
           | for continued engagement.
           | 
           | It was a disgusting industry then; it probably still is now.
           | I went into game dev to tell stories and explore worlds, not
           | to sell dope.
        
             | mysterydip wrote:
             | The frustrating part is there are lots of people making
             | games to tell stories and explore worlds, but they fall
             | into the void almost inmediately after launch due to the
             | slot machine games taking the lion's share of the attention
             | and money.
        
               | dleslie wrote:
               | Thankfully, PC Gaming strangely hasn't been dominated by
               | this phenomenon, despite EA's, Activision's, and Epic's
               | best efforts. Fortnite is addiction-tuned F2P casinowear,
               | and it's done gangbusters, but the industry hasn't
               | managed to copy that formula with great success.
        
               | jsmith45 wrote:
               | At least fornite cosmetics have limited gameplay impact
               | (although not zero impact).
               | 
               | It is quite possible to be a relatively competitive
               | player without spending a single cent (and without
               | needing excessive grinding to do so, or at least, no more
               | grinding than a paying player).
               | 
               | This is a lot better than most mobile games (pay more or
               | wait # hours to continue), or games with lootboxes whose
               | results give serious competitive advantage. (There are
               | far too many of the latter to even list.)
               | 
               | But I do dislike any game that depends on any form of
               | microtransaction model. I've no real issue with
               | meaningful DLC for single player games (i.e. the
               | equivlent of the old expansion packs), but otherwise a
               | game should either be a one time cost, or a simple
               | subscription. Not some unholy hybrid of the two as has
               | become all too common.
        
               | dleslie wrote:
               | Ah, but it's a social experience. The primary capital
               | isn't one's competitive standing, it's the uniqueness of
               | your gear.
               | 
               | Fortnite's store UI is designed around limited time
               | access panic sales.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | > although not zero impact
               | 
               | For reference https://twitter.com/jmantheguy/status/97049
               | 7516566347776?s=2...
        
               | naravara wrote:
               | The reward loop works much better when it can be in your
               | pocket and be accessed during moments of
               | boredom/idleness. The lack of friction before getting
               | pulled in is at least as much of a causative factor as
               | the three issues the article highlights. Every little bit
               | of friction diminishes its effectiveness.
               | 
               | One thing that's ironic with a lot of mainstream AAA
               | gaming though, is that even though they aren't copying
               | the revenue model the game design conventions still tend
               | to focus on length of engagement and playtime. I'm sure
               | there's a reason compelling it but I'm not sure what.
        
               | Vektorweg wrote:
               | Epic picked literally the most vulnerable target
               | audience. That's what made Fortnite a hit.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Pretty much all people I ever heard about or new who has
               | issue with gaming were addicted to something like lol,
               | wow or pubg.
               | 
               | The people who play whole night and that are irritable
               | and underperforming during day, who made gaming their
               | whole life, are not playing causual games. They are
               | playing console and pc games.
        
             | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
             | > not to sell dope.
             | 
             | Is there no Breaking Bad effect because it's all legal?
        
           | nonbirithm wrote:
           | I was watching a livestreamer that currently organizes their
           | schedule almost entirely around F2P mobile games. I find it
           | hard to tell such a person on an individual level that they
           | are being exploited, because that sounds like moral posturing
           | to me. But from the perspective of the company I could
           | imagine how the effects of time limited sales and events
           | could drive their KPIs on a macro level. How many of those
           | people contributing to the 5 and 10 percent upticks were
           | "exploited" in the truest sense of the word, as in they could
           | not help themselves even if they wanted to? I have to wonder
           | how many of these people would rather stop but are addicted
           | or otherwise not conscious, versus those on the spectrum that
           | see the games as a legitimate outlet for entertainment (and
           | can stop themselves from spending too much).
           | 
           | I don't play them though, since I know I'd spend too much
           | money and time on objects intangible.
           | 
           | The thing that strikes me the most about F2P is how
           | societally acceptible it is. The people for whom the notion
           | of "casinos" doesn't fit their interests can now have their
           | own preferentially targeted equivalent of a casino in their
           | pockets at all times, branded with things like television
           | show franchises that ground them in a sense of familiarity.
        
           | brnt wrote:
           | It may be an artifact of the division between body and mind,
           | common in Western cultures. Any problem related to the psyche
           | is treated differently (ie taken less seriously) from
           | problems related to the body. I wonder how many millenia this
           | ostensibly subtle difference in conception will keep on
           | giving us pain and mental anguish. Its so deeprooted, I
           | wonder what it will take to pull it out.
        
             | kingkawn wrote:
             | This division is on the verge of self destruction under the
             | own weight of its inconsistencies.
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | There are plenty of people hooked on this stuff in the
             | east. Addiction doesn't care about your philosophy. Some
             | people are just more mentally available to addiction in all
             | it's myriad forms.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | I was refering to the tendency to not treat psychological
               | issues as serious as physical ones. Obviously addiction
               | knows no boundaries.
        
         | ethbr0 wrote:
         | F2P-with-purchases games should (a) require disclaimers, (b) be
         | illegal and stiffly penalized for allowing minors to play, &
         | (c) have their algorithms open to a gaming regulator (in the
         | same way Las Vegas does).
        
           | Spivak wrote:
           | Eh I don't really think "think of the children" is the right
           | narrative here. These games, while especially bad for
           | children, aren't much better for adults. Absolutely require
           | 18+ to play and require them be labeled as gambling but I
           | don't think that's enough.
           | 
           | If we're counting on adults "knowing better" which makes it
           | okay to play these games while the industry profits on
           | precisely those adults that don't then there's a problem.
        
           | Kaze404 wrote:
           | I play a lot of Apex Legends and recently I found out that
           | when you go purchase a loot box it explicitly tells you the
           | chance of each item's rarity. My initial thought was that
           | it's a step in the right direction (of banning loot boxes
           | entirely), but it also made me wonder how anyone can be sure
           | those numbers are actually true in their backend.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | It is also pretty useless. Normal people can't parse
             | probabilities - otherwise nobody would play in the lottery.
             | If you have a list of 20 items with non-uniform chances,
             | can you tell how long you need to play before it's likely
             | you'll get an item you want? You and me can, by doing
             | little math in head; most people can't (and it's another
             | question whether one has the willpower to do such math and
             | follow it through while tired, unwindng in front of a
             | casual game).
             | 
             | What would be more useful if they listed the expected
             | number of loot boxes you need to buy to get an item. "2%
             | chance" reads differently than "you'll need to buy about 50
             | loot boxes, on average, to get that item".
        
               | mod wrote:
               | > Normal people can't parse probabilities - otherwise
               | nobody would play in the lottery.
               | 
               | Yes, they would. The lottery is about giving up something
               | of little value ($1 or $2) for some entertainment and the
               | chance at a truly life-changing situation. I doubt anyone
               | is unaware there's almost no chance they win, and that
               | they're losing on every dollar they spend. Interestingly,
               | the lottery is occasionally +EV to play.
               | 
               | I otherwise agree, people are bad at gambling,
               | probabilities, and understanding the long term. I play
               | poker, and poker players are constantly furious that
               | their 80% favorite hand doesn't win 100% of the time. 80%
               | feels like a lock.
               | 
               | Some people don't care. They want to gamble, and they
               | have no regard for what they lose in the process. I think
               | many humans are just wired this way, or perhaps it's
               | cultural.
        
               | mym1990 wrote:
               | I agree, playing the lottery is a little like buying
               | insurance for something. Everyone knows that insurance is
               | a losing proposition, but no one buys it to save 500$ on
               | that fender bender, people buy it so that they can get
               | through a catastrophic event like 500,000$ in medical
               | bills.
        
               | telchar wrote:
               | I would hazard a guess that people who buy lottery
               | tickets are much less likely to buy insurance than those
               | who don't. I think some similar psychological mechanisms
               | may be at play, but not in the way you are suggesting
               | where they overestimate small probabilities across the
               | board. I suspect it has more to do with discounting odds
               | that are against them.
               | 
               | But I wouldn't bet on it.
        
               | mminer237 wrote:
               | A bit part of the lottery is that everyone knows that
               | it's unlikely, but most people are capable of
               | comprehending just how unlikely it is. Most people would
               | probably say it's like "one-in-a-million", when it's
               | really hundreds of times worse than that. People are just
               | bad at understanding really big numbers. Everyone still
               | feels like, "I know it won't, but it could happen to me,"
               | when even if you bought a lottery ticket every single
               | week for your entire adult life, it would take you over a
               | thousand lifetimes for you to finally have a 1% chance to
               | win the lottery.
               | 
               | I think people at least initially have better grasps on
               | things like 50-50 chances or 10% chances, even if other
               | gambling fallacies kick in the more you play them.
        
               | wincy wrote:
               | Well because evolutionarily, gambling must pay off
               | sometimes, and the people who are averse to gambling
               | might become rarer if it pays off in a big way.
               | 
               | Ten thousand years ago doing something risky might result
               | in you going from being a male with no prospects to
               | having a harem with 50 wives. It makes sense that when
               | your ancestors could have made a risky gambled (say
               | raiding the village next door), they'd go for it, much
               | like someone will put everything on 21 Black because the
               | payoff could be so big.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | That is not how evolution works. It can just be that the
               | trait was not much in a way. Our that trait is
               | innefective maladaption.
               | 
               | Evolution is not a god. And it does not build perfect
               | organisms.
        
               | bordercases wrote:
               | But who gives a damn about the EEA?
        
               | Dudeman112 wrote:
               | Or maybe it's just a trait that ended up there, like
               | countless others.
               | 
               | A RNG machine that's slightly directed towards optimal
               | variation still spews out a bunch of rubbish
        
               | bmhin wrote:
               | > I play poker, and poker players are constantly furious
               | that their 80% favorite hand doesn't win 100% of the
               | time. 80% feels like a lock.
               | 
               | I always liked an interview by one of the designers of
               | the game XCOM which relies heavily on showing players
               | probabilities. Apparently behind the scenes on lower
               | difficulties, even though they might show you 85% chance
               | of success, they tweak it under the hood to be closer to
               | 95% because that is where the player's emotional
               | weighting is. They want the players to have fun and that
               | is certainly one way to go about it.
               | 
               | https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/266891/Jake_Solomon_e
               | xpl...
        
               | andomar wrote:
               | > The lottery is about giving up something of little
               | value ($1 or $2) for some entertainment and the chance at
               | a truly life-changing situation
               | 
               | Wish that were true. Organizers usually take 90% of the
               | money. Just a tiny percentage is paid out.
               | 
               | Like Voltaire said: "Lotteries are a tax on stupidity"
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | I'd prefer "you'll need to buy about 50 _more_ loot
               | boxes, on average, to get that item" as wording. Bonus if
               | there 's a question mark next to it that explains
               | probability (specifically, why the gambler's fallacy is
               | wrong - though not necessarily mentioning the fallacy).
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | Wouldn't it be easier to just ban gambling apps including
               | ones disguised as games from app stores?
               | 
               | You could probably get virtually everyone by simply
               | defining it as a game with in app purchases that provide
               | probabilistic or in game performance improvements.
               | 
               | If they can sell levels but not swords nothing of value
               | will be lost.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Good catch, I agree yours is better.
        
               | tesseract wrote:
               | "Most <evil grin> players will get the item after buying
               | 26 more boxes"
        
               | pixelbro wrote:
               | While we're all patting ourselves on the back for
               | understanding probability, the correct calculation is
               | actually log.98(.5) = 34.3 = number of attempts required
               | for a 50% chance of getting a 2% item.
        
             | PoignardAzur wrote:
             | I don't have any more information than you do, but my gut
             | feeling is "80% of companies won't bother to lie on the
             | numbers, 20% will lie, and will occasionally provoke a
             | scandal when they get caught in the rare audit or get the
             | whistle blown on them by a spiteful employee".
        
             | PhillyG wrote:
             | In some countries, games are legally required to do state
             | rarity of items in lootboxes, so it may just be so that
             | they are compliant with all countries. I forget which
             | countries, but I think they're in central europe
        
             | svachalek wrote:
             | I don't think you realistically can trust these as there
             | will never be serious audits, and they exploit all kinds of
             | psychological weaknesses. They really just need to be
             | illegal. Sell content piecemeal, sure. But not loot boxes.
        
               | Kaze404 wrote:
               | I agree completely. I would've spent ridiculous amounts
               | of money on that game at this point if it weren't for
               | loot boxes, but alas it wasn't meant to be.
        
           | zigzag312 wrote:
           | They should also disclose a spending ceiling. How much do you
           | need to / can you spend to gain access to all the content. Do
           | I need to spend $60, $600, $6000, $60,000 or is there no
           | limit?
        
             | Tyr42 wrote:
             | Interestingly enough, the Pokemon Picross game on the 3DS
             | had a fixed spend limit of $50, after which you could just
             | top up your in game currency for free.
             | 
             | So either you did f2p, or you paid $50 and got a full game,
             | or some linear combination of both.
             | 
             | I liked that game and paid $50 for it.
        
               | Shared404 wrote:
               | Hello fellow person who liked that game! I didn't know
               | there were more of us.
               | 
               | I never did spend any money on it though.
        
             | Darmody wrote:
             | Most of them don't have limits as you don't buy a DLC to
             | unlock content. Games are almost infinite and money helps
             | you advance.
             | 
             | Mobile gaming is disgusting. And the few good developers
             | that make good "traditional" games don't make enough money
             | to keep developing.
        
           | kryogen1c wrote:
           | > F2P-with-purchases
           | 
           | this misses the core issue. a game like path of exile is
           | completely playable for free - and they release new content
           | quarterly and yearly (again, for free). a game like Raid
           | Shadow Legends is not - you very rapidly hit a paywall and it
           | would take years of free play to acquire power equivalent to
           | spending $100.
           | 
           | the exploitative nature is pay to win, where youre simply
           | playing a different game unless you spend money.
        
         | red-montaigne wrote:
         | Great example of how language is a tool for thinking, but it's
         | also a tool for not thinking. If you want to ignore or
         | obfuscate something, you can seal it off with euphemisms and
         | misrepresentations, kind of like putting an interface in front
         | of an implementation. And as you pointed out, you can use this
         | tactic to deceive not only others but also yourself.
        
           | dleslie wrote:
           | Casual game design uses many of the same nouns as casino
           | operators.
        
             | techer wrote:
             | "Compelling"
        
           | xwolfi wrote:
           | Let's say language is a tool to convey information regardless
           | of truth or precision.
           | 
           | You can disguise negative information giving it the
           | appearance of a usual positive one (the fake discount).
           | 
           | It's more a property of information than of language, or
           | rather a property of our information processor, so lazy it
           | doesn't check every single piece 3 times but instead rely on
           | habit and context
        
             | red-montaigne wrote:
             | I'm thinking more of a writer sitting down and struggling
             | to choose the correct word to identify a thought. I
             | wouldn't say they're "conveying information." At that point
             | they don't _have_ information. I would say rather that they
             | 're attempting to refine the raw material of the flow of
             | their thought-consciousness by using language. You can use
             | words to assist that refinement. (I'm doing it now, for
             | example.) But you can also use words to divert your thought
             | stream away from potentially uncomfortable ideas, or
             | someone else can do that to you.
        
           | hakeberio wrote:
           | Definitely. It reminds me of Orwell's Newspeak in 1984-
           | although the novel itself shows that having a "clean"
           | vocabulary doesn't completely prevent "unclean" thought
           | deemed by the authorities, having a censored set of language
           | can "nudge" people to certain propaganda.
        
         | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
         | It can be even seen in design of offices. I once joined a
         | meetup at what turned out to be a sports gambling software
         | company (William Hill I think), and there was no mention or
         | suggestion of gambling at any place in their offices - it was
         | about "celebration of sports" and other bullshit.
        
         | huijzer wrote:
         | It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when his
         | salary depends on his not understanding it.
         | 
         | - Upton Sinclair
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | Not really applicable. In this case, everyone understands it
           | but they don't talk about it due to legal reasons
        
         | andrewla wrote:
         | This all seems a bit silly. Go work for an *unprofitable*
         | mobile game company (or start your own!) to see how quickly
         | your model breaks down.
         | 
         | The idea that you can engineer yourself an addictive game is a
         | silly concept.
         | 
         | That games _en masse_ are evolving for maximal  "addictiveness"
         | is unquestionable, but has entirely different implications.
        
           | csallen wrote:
           | The fact that some people fail to accomplish a thing doesn't
           | mean others can't. Of course you can engineer addictive
           | games. We know quite a lot about addiction. What do you think
           | casinos are, exactly?
        
             | andrewla wrote:
             | Tell me this -- do casinos fail?
             | 
             | If you look only at examples of successful things and say
             | "it is addictive" but don't look at the same principles as
             | applied to failed examples of the same thing, then you're
             | being intellectually lazy.
             | 
             | In order to establish some facet as "addictive" it needs to
             | work both ways, otherwise you're just using "addictive" as
             | a synonym for "successful" -- Edison's light bulb was
             | "addictive" and people were "addicted" to Pullman cars. But
             | you get to carry all the negative connotations of
             | "addictive"; you're trying to let the informal do all the
             | work while positing nonsensical equivalences.
        
               | karpierz wrote:
               | Do bars fail?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Yes, and so do casinos. That is the point
        
               | karpierz wrote:
               | The original point was: "The idea that you can engineer
               | yourself an addictive game is a silly concept."
               | 
               | The rebuttal was: "this is literally what casinos do"
               | 
               | The rebuttal to that was: "well, some casinos fail"
               | 
               | Which isn't really a point. Some casinos fail, that
               | doesn't show that they don't optimize for addiction. It
               | just indicates that optimizing for addiction is necessary
               | but not sufficient for a casino to maintain solvency.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I think we have fundamentally different of andrewla's
               | original point, and that is OK.
               | 
               | I read it as pointing out that success isn't guaranteed
               | with an addictive game model.
               | 
               | I did not read it as saying that some games don't or cant
               | optimize for addictiveness.
        
               | KillahBhyte wrote:
               | So you call someone intellectually lazy... and
               | immediately turn around and make an implication that if
               | casinos have failed to be successful then that somehow
               | speaks to the addition qualities of gambling? Something
               | something nonsensical equivalences.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tppiotrowski wrote:
       | This is what I think The Social Dilemma missed. I worked at one
       | of these companies and did not see anybody evil looking to
       | enslave users in front of their screen. Instead we built new
       | features and celebrated when time spent in our app went up or a
       | new feature was used because we assumed the user must be getting
       | value. After some time we switched metrics from time spent in app
       | or daily active users to Net Promoter Score but at the end of the
       | day if analytics didn't show that a feature was used it was
       | dropped and if it was being used we'd double down on making it
       | "better" (used even more).
       | 
       | I did not see any evidence of malicious intent towards our users
       | but a genuine belief we were enabling them to be more productive.
        
         | scoutt wrote:
         | They don't necessarily need to look evil. "Evil" doesn't sell
         | and probably won't make you work for them. They have to look
         | like a sane environment in which you can't pinpoint anything
         | (philosophically, morally or ethically) wrong.
         | 
         | It's just a matter of language (how they communicate what the
         | company is trying to do), with slogans like "making the world a
         | better place by doing X". But if you think that at the end of
         | the day, all they care about and all the trouble is just for
         | the mighty Dollar, with a little change in perspective you can
         | elucidate:
         | 
         | "time spent in our app": time _lost_ in our app.
         | 
         | "user must be getting value": while getting even more value out
         | of an unaware user.
         | 
         | "feature ... making it "better" (used even more)": more
         | addictive? costing less for the company? costing more for the
         | user?
         | 
         | "to be more productive": productive as in "making money
         | _faster_ but for someone else, while being paid the same ".
        
         | deeeeplearning wrote:
         | >I did not see any evidence of malicious intent towards our
         | users but a genuine belief we were enabling them to be more
         | productive.
         | 
         | The Banality of Evil, this is just a version of "We were just
         | following orders"
        
           | ketzo wrote:
           | I think that's kind of an overagressive interpretation. It's
           | not ignorance of evil; there's a genuine feeling that good is
           | being done, even if the parent commenter seems to acknowledge
           | that good might not have, in fact, been done.
        
           | RandallBrown wrote:
           | No it isn't...
           | 
           | I don't think any of the ideas in this article have any evil
           | intent, even if they have evil results.
           | 
           | 1. Relative timestamps are just a more useful way of telling
           | people when something happened. It's how most humans
           | communicate time to each other.
           | 
           | 2. Infinite scrolling is just what happens when you're not
           | constrained by physical pages. The only reason we used to see
           | paged content was because it was technically easier. Facebook
           | and Instagram even put up a big "You're all caught up" sign
           | when you hit the end of where you were last.
           | 
           | 3. Before Facebook had likes people would just add a comment
           | like "+1" or "This." It didn't add anything to the
           | conversation and just made things worse. Internet points are
           | useful for filtering content and showing people more useful
           | information.
           | 
           | Yes, all of these things have negative consequences but that
           | doesn't mean they're inherently bad.
        
             | aspaceman wrote:
             | > I don't think any of the ideas in this article have any
             | evil intent, even if they have evil results.
             | 
             | Evil is committed in actions - not intent. That's part of
             | the whole banality of evil.
        
             | AngrySkillzz wrote:
             | The medium is the message. We've been talking about this
             | for decades - the structure of the thing you are
             | interacting with determines how you interact with it.
             | Substantive debate is difficult in 140 characters, so
             | substantive debate does not often happen on Twitter.
             | Infinite scroll and auto-play video eliminates the
             | "decision points" where people would otherwise reconsider
             | if they want to continue, so people spend more time on
             | those sites than they would otherwise. Maybe the attributes
             | of these mediums aren't "inherently bad," but they
             | absolutely do influence the way that they are used and it
             | is up to us to make the judgement of whether that has good
             | or bad outcomes. And a lot of us think the results of
             | infinite scroll is a bad outcome.
        
               | tppiotrowski wrote:
               | My understanding is that Hacker News currently paginates
               | comments but they're working hard to put them all on one
               | page.
               | 
               | Maybe the intent is so you can use find in page to search
               | all the comments at once or maybe something else but they
               | will also inevitably lead you to read more comments and
               | spend even more time on here.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Also, the road to hell is paved with good intentions. You
               | judge a system by its outcome, not by the intentions of
               | the people who built it.
        
             | deeeeplearning wrote:
             | >I don't think any of the ideas in this article have any
             | evil intent, even if they have evil results.
             | 
             | The Nazis made essentially this same argument at Nuremberg.
             | Didn't work out too well for them.
        
           | mminer237 wrote:
           | In so far as ice cream makers are all evil for trying to make
           | their ice cream taste better when they know deep down it's
           | not good for people's health.
        
             | rhizome wrote:
             | Rivalrous goods are an inapt analogy.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | This really puzzles me. Productivity can roughly be defined as
         | (output / time). How can increasing "time" possibly increase
         | productivity? Of course the catch with advertising-funded
         | products and services is that "time" is what gets you paid.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | tppiotrowski wrote:
           | Good point. We built paid products. Advertising was not a
           | major driver of revenue. People wanting to buy/renew the
           | product was.
           | 
           | Maybe a good analogy here is building a calculator. People
           | buy your calculator and use it (the assumption is because it
           | saves them time). Initially your calculator only does basic
           | arithmetic and you add square root, exponential function,
           | etc. Now people buy and use your calculator for even more.
           | They spend more "time" with the calculator but still save
           | even more "time" not having to use pen and paper, so it's a
           | productivity gain. Soon a movie on Netflix comes out called
           | "The Calculators" which blames the fact that people are no
           | longer able to do basic arithmetic in their head on a
           | calculated decision by your company to profit from people
           | while making them dumber. It paints your company as making
           | people dependent on your calculators and robbing them of
           | their cognitive abilities.
           | 
           | This was never your intent when creating the calculator. Now
           | it's something you will have to address, but the narrative
           | here is one of unintended consequences not a deliberate plan.
        
       | lordlimecat wrote:
       | >"How could they have just scrolled and scrolled all day?"
       | 
       | It would help if your article used more than just the middle 25%
       | of my screen, thus requiring scrolling to read.
        
       | yawaworht1978 wrote:
       | Yes all the social medias are addiction merchants. The people
       | know full well that they sacrifice their data, but they do not
       | care about that or ads. The people use them for gratification
       | about likes and as a platform to be "heard" or voice their
       | opinions.
       | 
       | Society is punishing drug users and vendors, which might be the
       | right thing to do or not, I am not a decision maker. But the
       | addiction should be measured in dopamine emissions and withdrawal
       | symptoms. Does not matter if the product is a recreational drug
       | or a virtual saas. Do not let the addiction merchant hide behind
       | marketing terms like social media. The corporations use social to
       | tick a compliance box and mislead the customers. To make it sound
       | harmless or less dangerous. Similar to vegan, bio labeled food.
       | Social media is targeting the most vulnerable and young. Sounds
       | drastic? I do not think so
        
       | taylodl wrote:
       | I'm blessed to be an older programmer who started my career back
       | when we were selling products to people who had to make a
       | business case for the purchase of our software systems. We were
       | helping businesses achieve more. Most of the businesses my
       | previous employers were helping were public utilities,
       | communication companies, and manufacturers. You could feel good
       | about your work and that you were contributing to a better world.
       | 
       | Today I'm blessed to work for an electric utility. Whenever I'm
       | having a bad day I remind myself that I'm helping to provide the
       | foundation of modern civilization. It's much better for your soul
       | than knowing that in the end you're just working for a drug
       | dealer and contributing to the destruction of people's lives. I'm
       | glad I'm close to retirement and don't have to do that kind of
       | work just so I can put food on the table.
        
       | spodek wrote:
       | The opening sentence:
       | 
       | > _There is something about social media that human beings are
       | not psychologically prepared for._
       | 
       | I would state it: Engineers and business people have distilled
       | what creates craving and then satisfies it by creating more
       | craving.
       | 
       | No different than distilling the sugar, heroin, or cocaine from
       | otherwise healthy, innocuous plants. We regulate some of that
       | distillation. Even what we don't regulate, as a society, we
       | generally look down on people that addict others. Why we reward
       | programmers as we did the Sacklers doesn't make sense to me. I
       | would think we would consider employees and investors of
       | antisocial media companies villainous pariahs.
        
       | koonsolo wrote:
       | Could we introduce this kind of addiction in healthy things, like
       | excising or healthy diet or anything like that?
       | 
       | I've never seen it work in practice, so why are we not able to do
       | that?
        
         | xpe wrote:
         | A good habit of exercise and diet is self-reinforcing.
         | 
         | What is the difference between self-reinforcing and habit-
         | forming? I see three differences.
         | 
         | 1. Who is in control? A runner is in relatively more control,
         | because the act of running does not require a gamified online
         | experience.
         | 
         | 2. What are the ethical ramifications? These are subjective. To
         | be clear, subjective certainly does not mean _unimportant_. It
         | means people may disagree. In my view, people largely disagree
         | on the  "margins" of ethics -- meaning there is a wide swath of
         | common ground.
         | 
         | 3. There are some physiological differences; I'm not an expert.
         | It seems that both the runner's high [1] and social media
         | involve dopamine, but they appear to use different mechanisms.
         | ("Runner's high" seems to involve endorphins as a precursor.)
         | 
         | [1] https://archives.drugabuse.gov/blog/post/chasing-runners-
         | hig...
        
         | theNJR wrote:
         | It's very easy to get the dopamine loop going with sugar,
         | nicotine, memes, rage-bait, and bikini photos. The brain loves
         | it.
         | 
         | Chicken breast, deadlifts and philosophy takes a lot of effort
         | and the positive effects are delayed. The brain has to be
         | trained to tolerate it. It will always prefer the latter.
        
           | frompdx wrote:
           | Absolutely. For the last year I have been weightlifting
           | regularly. This isn't my first foray into being serious about
           | lifting either. Every day I lift I have to "make" myself do
           | it. I can't really imagine something that would make it more
           | reinforcing. It's hard every time even if I like the results.
        
         | iamatworknow wrote:
         | Anecdotal but the gamification of exercise with respect to some
         | of the newer products out there (Peloton, Zwift, Apple
         | Fitness+) seems to be a step in this direction. I've been using
         | Zwift for the past couple of months and have ridden my bike
         | more than I have probably in the previous year combined. Most
         | of it I don't really care/bother with, but when it keeps track
         | of your records and you beat one during an exercise, it does
         | give you a little of that dopamine rush.
        
         | bdefore wrote:
         | I'm not an expert in cognitive behavioral therapy, but I
         | believe much of what it advocates is along what you're
         | describing. Reframing behavior you would otherwise avoid or be
         | anxious about as something enjoyable, you might even say
         | addictive. Developing habits that you derive more
         | holistic/health pleasure from.
        
         | scoutt wrote:
         | All addictions are kind of a bad thing... A moderate use of
         | social media is fine. The problem comes with the abuse (product
         | of the addiction). The same abuse can come from "healthy"
         | things which might derive in other problems like image,
         | behavioral and diet disorders.
         | 
         | Exercise addiction:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise_addiction
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | this shit makes me angry af
       | 
       | it's no wonder we have seen a decline in cognitive ability, as
       | seen by various world events (election of the 45th president of
       | the USA, "Brexit", climate denial, rise of neo-nazis, vaccination
       | denial, Rohingya genocide in Myanmar, ...). we are just endlessly
       | scrolling and spamming each other with our running commentary
       | bullshit that masquerades as a modicum of insight.
       | 
       | what happened to making the world a better place? the tech
       | industry is no better than the tobacco or fast food industry.
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | This type of ad hoc pathologization of behaviour is itself very
       | suspect, and isn't helping anyone. Not everything that's bad is
       | violence or an addiction, there are plenty of different types and
       | nouances of evil in the world.
        
       | znpy wrote:
       | Social media is one of those games where the only way not to lose
       | is not to play at all.
        
       | DevX101 wrote:
       | I'm increasingly finding that I have to actively struggle to take
       | ownership of my time and attention. Without an active, conscious,
       | effort to reclaim your mental resources you WILL be caught up in
       | the never-ending cycle of dopamine-dependency to novel
       | information or visual stimulation. Your attention is a valuable
       | resource and many companies have spent billions on figuring out
       | how to farm it.
       | 
       | Some of my more effective methods have included: strict site-
       | blocking via OpenDNS, apps to implement time based blocking of
       | information-novelty sites (Twitter, HN, reddit, instagram, CNN),
       | almost complete disabling of notifications, with the exception of
       | text messages and async work chat during business hours.
       | 
       | All of these methods, I can undo, but it prevents or at least
       | slows down the automatic, reflexive app/site opening when my
       | reptile brain craves a dopamine hit.
        
         | Winterflow3r wrote:
         | I experience the same. I've noticed that if I start my day with
         | a dose of Twitter, I tend to be much more absentminded and less
         | focused on tasks that need to get done.
        
       | nipponese wrote:
       | Future of humanity stuff aside, isn't the doublespeak for
       | addition actually "retention"? "Engagement" is a classification
       | for a set of actions that drives addition, not measures it.
        
         | PhillyG wrote:
         | Retention can be that users/players actually like it and want
         | to come back without the need for tricks
        
       | Aardwolf wrote:
       | Often something made in the name of user engagement makes me less
       | addicted instead
       | 
       | Say we have something that shows all expanded comments
       | immediately: keeps me on that site
       | 
       | Then they do an "engaging" redesign where only 10% of the
       | comments actually show and requires lots of clicking to expand
       | them, and lots of unrelated animated images show below: makes me
       | want to close that tab and do something else
        
         | user-the-name wrote:
         | What you seem to be saying here is, "Imagine a thing that
         | doesn't work. It doesn't work."
         | 
         | That's... not an argument?
        
         | Ensorceled wrote:
         | Do you have an actual example website/app that does this "less
         | addictive" thing?
        
           | Aardwolf wrote:
           | Reddit's redesign. 'Less addictive' for me. I'm sure there
           | must be some target audience for whom this is more addictive,
           | but I'm not the one, I just want to read the comments of the
           | thread I choose myself in peace.
        
             | 2pEXgD0fZ5cF wrote:
             | Same here, also with Reddit refusing to show posts to me
             | and trying to force me to install its App instead when
             | browsing on mobile. I simply don't use it on mobile
             | anymore.
        
               | dspillett wrote:
               | As well as not going there on mobile any more (or hitting
               | back PDQ if I do end up following a link that goes
               | there), I use it a lot less on desktop. If you are not
               | logged in some things (just browsing comments) become a
               | lot less convenient, for instance. So unless there is a
               | link that sounds really compelling (I sometimes get sent
               | links by friends - though usually I just bounce through
               | reddit and on to the actual information which is probably
               | one link away) I simply don't go. I certainly don't go to
               | subreddits unprompted to look for content any more (which
               | I used to).
               | 
               | Yeah, old reddit still exists as some are fond of saying
               | in these discussions. But other perfectly good
               | information sources exist for what I want too (often
               | better than reddit ever was - HN for instance).
               | 
               | Youtube is heading the same way: I'm visiting it less and
               | less. The more adverts they pile in, the less of their
               | adverts I actually witness because I'm not there to see
               | them at all.
               | 
               | I should thank reddit, youtube, and their ilk, really,
               | for saving me the time that I used to waste on their
               | sites and can now enjoy wasting on other things instead!
        
             | rhn_mk1 wrote:
             | The page is so heavy now it makes it a chore to browse.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Yes, and "influencer" is code for psychological manipulator.
        
         | magicalhippo wrote:
         | It's not much of a code though is it? I mean, it's as subtle as
         | "executioner".
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | I don't know, people, especially kids on YouTube, seem to be
           | proud of the label these days.
        
             | PhillyG wrote:
             | They might just be proud to be earning from something they
             | don't find to be too much like work
        
             | luplex wrote:
             | Influencing people has always been a goal of many (see Dale
             | Carnegie). It means being powerful. Influencing people to
             | do a good thing is amazing. Being paid for any influence
             | presumably feels also pretty good.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | It is no coincidence that PR is a continuation of propaganda
         | for another field.
        
         | TeMPOraL wrote:
         | I personally call it "selling yourself out on the Internet".
         | 
         | The rise of small-time influencers, the "nanoinfluencers", is
         | particularly worrying trend. There are degrees to how
         | antisocial advertising is, but nanoinfluencing is near the top,
         | along with MLMs - people literally get paid to cheat their
         | family and friends out of their hard-earned cash. It does
         | damage to the fundamental relationships in the society, and to
         | the minds of everyone involved.
         | 
         | If you think I'm overdramatizing, consider if it's a healthy
         | state of things, when asking a family member for advice or
         | having a casual conversation, when you have to wonder whether
         | they're being honest, or just shilling you some crap. That's a
         | fundamental assault on basic interpersonal trust.
        
         | colejohnson66 wrote:
         | It's always meant, "I'm paid to post ads". Whether that's
         | psychological manipulation is up to you.
         | 
         | (Yes, ads are designed to get you to interact with them, but on
         | their own, I wouldn't go as far as saying, "psychological
         | manipulation". I'll admit the industry has tended in that
         | direction, however. Your view may differ)
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | It's not just showing ads. It's endorsement, and in many ways
           | similar to fake reviews. And often the fact that ads are
           | shown is concealed in semi-clever ways.
        
           | Person5478 wrote:
           | I don't disagree with your point, but influencer nowadays is
           | active whereas a simple ad is passive. Due to this, the
           | modern day influencer (aka person) is absolutely a
           | psychological manipulator.
        
       | throwaway556179 wrote:
       | I recently saw an FB "data engineer" talking about "experiment
       | review sessions", where the - presumably engagement related -
       | results of interface changes are discussed (he also expressed
       | hope that all companies work that way).
       | 
       | It's very rational. The user needs a good user interface, the
       | best that can be built. What is the best? The one the user likes
       | to use, day in day out. Is that a problem? Obviously not for the
       | platform.
       | 
       | When FB CEO announced that he want's to make users happy, he
       | acknowledged his real intents: mass, aggregate control of
       | behavior. I cannot deny that it carries a purely instrumental
       | view of humans - but that's again only rational in the context of
       | business.
        
         | tpxl wrote:
         | > What is the best? The one the user likes to use, day in day
         | out.
         | 
         | No.
         | 
         | The road is most used when there's a traffic jam.
        
       | hawktheslayer wrote:
       | For me the pandemic has actually allowed me to spend more time
       | outdoors and with my children and as a result less time online.
       | We have been taking walks daily and started gardening. I've cut
       | down social media time to almost nothing on all major platforms
       | (HN is my last "addiction"). The author claims the pandemic
       | forced us inside and on social media--do people find this true
       | for them?
        
         | raihansaputra wrote:
         | Really depends on where do people live. For example my
         | surroundings are not the best to walk around in (very close to
         | busy main roads), and the city as a whole have shopping malls
         | as the main point of interests before the pandemic. Parks are
         | closed, and walking infrastructure are available but not what
         | I'd call enjoyable (the risk crossing a main road without stop
         | lights just for a morning walk doesn't sit well with me). I'm
         | definitely more locked into my devices compared to before the
         | pandemic.
        
         | luplex wrote:
         | I go on more walks. But I also meet way fewer people and spend
         | more days and evenings alone at home. Social media fills some
         | of that time if you don't actively avoid it.
        
         | souprock wrote:
         | It's been horrible for me.
         | 
         | The pandemic means classes are virtual/online. That means kids
         | need computers with internet connections and modern web
         | browsers. That means games, stupid videos, games, chat, games,
         | and more games.
         | 
         | I'm really at a loss here.
         | 
         | I've gone to demanding a cold-turkey moratorium on the junk,
         | with computer use only when supervised. This solution sucks up
         | too much parental time and doesn't allow enough computer time
         | for the homework.
         | 
         | If the classes didn't require web video, I could get an old
         | VT510 terminal (no graphics) or an e-ink display, and then the
         | gaming would be limited to a few things like online chess. The
         | addiction problem wouldn't be so severe.
        
         | slothtrop wrote:
         | Owing to the HN audience there might be a bias against this
         | being true, but I expect there was a boost in general
         | population. I don't think I spend more time on social media
         | than I did before, and not by conscious choice.
         | 
         | What's interesting to me is, earlier in the pandemic I would
         | hear more lofty plans for organizing online games and having
         | more video calls between friends and family. It's amazing how
         | quickly the motivation for this dissipated. Maybe because it's
         | plainly cumbersome and awkward and just doesn't feel the same,
         | and everyone I know still works.
         | 
         | For my part I think I've retreated from video/audio
         | correspondence considerably. I still write to strangers online,
         | which is social media, but feel like this experience has made
         | me retreat into my shell. No substitution for seeing people in
         | person.
        
         | kingaillas wrote:
         | >The author claims the pandemic forced us inside and on social
         | media--do people find this true for them?
         | 
         | I used to play in a few city-wide social sports leagues, before
         | covid, which were all canceled most of last year and aren't
         | back yet due to the winter weather. I filled my time by hiking
         | and trying out some new hobbies.
         | 
         | So while not quite the same as being force inside and/or forced
         | on social media, I can see where the pandemic upended various
         | gatherings/hobbies and social media is an easy alternative for
         | many people. Social media is free, easy to access, convenient,
         | can be a giant time-sink, etc. along with all sorts of negative
         | consequences.
        
         | Kaze404 wrote:
         | It definitely is true for me. I haven't left my house for
         | anything but doctor's appointments in 11 months. The most
         | exercise I get is when I walk to my condominium's garbage
         | disposal room.
        
       | worker767424 wrote:
       | Apps aren't drugs. I used to suck dick for coke. Now that's an
       | addiction. You ever suck some dick for an in-game item?
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | This is a modified quote from the movie Half Baked. Not
         | literal.
        
         | retrac wrote:
         | Heh, I chuckled. I've got a dark sense of humour though.
         | Because it's not really a joke.
         | 
         | A man was recently arrested in my city for a scheme where he
         | was trading sexual images from underage boys for gift cards for
         | popular video games.
        
         | xxs wrote:
         | dunno, about that. But I have heard hot chat and sending pics
         | are both common tools.
        
       | abbadadda wrote:
       | HOLY COW BATMAN! It is almost like these social media companies
       | don't have the bests interests of their users at the core of
       | their mission!
        
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       (page generated 2021-02-16 23:02 UTC)