[HN Gopher] No Qualified Immunity for Cops Who Made Stuff Up to ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       No Qualified Immunity for Cops Who Made Stuff Up to Justify Phone
       Seizure
        
       Author : pmiller2
       Score  : 144 points
       Date   : 2021-02-14 17:28 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.techdirt.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.techdirt.com)
        
       | AdrianB1 wrote:
       | I saw an article of a real lawyer that explained the decision,
       | but he also included a priceless information: qualified immunity
       | does not come from a law or statute, it is a made-up term by the
       | SCOTUS a few decades away. It is mind-boggling that such thing
       | exists and it is also very hard to believe that legislators did
       | not remove it into oblivion.
        
         | mleonhard wrote:
         | Please post a link to the article.
        
       | classified wrote:
       | The whole civil asset forfeiture shtick is making things up to
       | rob people. How are phones different?
        
       | trianglem wrote:
       | The only union in America that needs busting is the cops union.
       | Low skilled work that doesn't even rank in the top 20 most
       | dangerous jobs. Bring on personal liability insurance and call it
       | a day.
        
         | seibelj wrote:
         | How about any public sector union? They do services that have
         | no competition, allowing them to extract taxpayer money with no
         | substitute providers.
        
           | mchusma wrote:
           | I agree. I cannot think of a justification for public sector
           | unions.
           | 
           | The typical pro-union argument for companies is that they
           | protect workers against abuses by the company.
           | 
           | In the public sector, the union is supposed to protect
           | workers from the citizens? I haven't ever heard of a good
           | theoretical argument for them. Would be interested if someone
           | knew of one.
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | Perhaps public entities should not enter into collective
             | bargaining agreements with public sector unions, but
             | freedom of association is guaranteed in the constitution,
             | it's not going to be possible to ban unions in the US.
        
             | salawat wrote:
             | There is no bigger abuser of workers than we the citizens.
             | We don't intend to, but we do generally expect
             | extraordinary results for a pittance investment of
             | resources with all sorts of strings attached.
             | 
             | Public sector unions are fine.
        
             | astura wrote:
             | I guess (?) that they protect low level civil servants from
             | the whims of politicians and political administrative
             | changes.
        
           | myWindoonn wrote:
           | Sure. Let's start with the police, and then we'll go after
           | whichever next union is killing people across the country.
           | 
           | Edit: Your downvotes only make it more obvious that you don't
           | really have a counterpoint to the police's homicidal
           | tendencies nor their unions' participation in crafting legal
           | protections for their actions.
        
             | dimensi0nal wrote:
             | > whichever next union is killing people across the country
             | 
             | teachers' unions causing student suicides by refusing to
             | let schools open like in the rest of the developed world?
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | The rest of the developed world doesn't have 100k covid
               | cases a day.
        
               | spijdar wrote:
               | What's "the rest of the developed world"? France has 21k
               | new covid cases in a day, and a population of 67 million
               | versus a population of 328 million in the US, so the per
               | capita rate is almost identical. Other west European
               | countries at least are similar, usually slightly lower,
               | but not dramatically lower e.g. by orders of magnitude.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | Yeah let's hate on teachers because.. checks notes...
               | they don't want to die due to a disproportionate amount
               | of them being in covid high risk groups.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | Interestingly, in the UK the police are explicitly not allowed
         | to unionize. The fire brigade are and have occasionally gone on
         | strike.
         | 
         | Instead they have three different professional organisations,
         | because the UK is ridiculously class-stratified:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_Federation_of_England_a...
         | 
         | > Superintendents and Chief superintendents are represented by
         | a separate staff association, the Police Superintendents'
         | Association of England and Wales (PSA),[3] while the most
         | senior officers are members of the Chief Police Officers Staff
         | Association (CPOSA).
        
           | trianglem wrote:
           | You're being downvoted because of right wing teamism that
           | dang and company refuse to address or are not equipped to
           | deal with.
        
       | TravHatesMe wrote:
       | > Chances are Robbins will receive a settlement
       | 
       | I think this is underscores the biggest issue. Mistakes are made
       | by these power-hungry ignorant police officers, usually due to
       | their fragile ego, and then they face little consequences.
       | Someone sues and gets a nice settlement. Nothing changes.
       | Taxpayers are taking the brunt instead of the police officer. The
       | offending officer will likely get a slap on the wrist, or if it's
       | a really bad mistake that went viral they might choose an early,
       | comfortable retirement. In order for change to happen, police
       | officers need to be held accountable for their actions. Not sure
       | how to implement that but I think that would result in police
       | officers being much more careful about their conduct.
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | Taxpayers should take the brunt of the damage in the end. They
         | hire the police after all.
        
           | michaelmrose wrote:
           | Why shouldn't they hire them under the terms that if they
           | unlawfully cause harm they will bear the brunt of repaying
           | the settlement?
        
           | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
           | They pay their salaries. They do not hire them. Big
           | difference.
        
             | throwawayboise wrote:
             | They hire (i.e. elect) the people that hire them.
        
               | AdrianB1 wrote:
               | Not really. In many places there are huge influences from
               | political parties and heavy stakeholders. For example, in
               | California a well-known financial mogul got a few DAs
               | appointed - it was an election but one could call it "buy
               | a DA".
        
               | frostwhale wrote:
               | They hire (i.e. elect) the people that hire the people
               | that decide who hires them.
        
               | strogonoff wrote:
               | Looking from the outside, seems like the police system
               | used to work at some point in the past and now it
               | doesn't. Maybe taxpayers taking the brunt of it in case
               | of police misbehavior is a case of a system "failing
               | loudly", a useful indicator that the police doesn't work
               | well and people should elect differently in favor of
               | revamping the police according to current realities.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > They do not hire them. Big difference.
             | 
             | They ultimately supervise and choose the people that hire
             | the police, the people that set the policies for the
             | police, and the people (both in and out of police
             | departments) directly responsible for holding police
             | accountable.
        
               | dbt00 wrote:
               | Inability to fire police officers, even for gross
               | misconduct including unlawful homocide is baked in to
               | many jurisdictions due to PBA contracts.
        
               | oh_sigh wrote:
               | Did the PBA unilaterally decree what the contracts would
               | be or was there a counterparty?
        
           | jeltz wrote:
           | Sure, but until we start charging police with crimes nothing
           | will change.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pstuart wrote:
         | Police departments should be self-insured, backed by their
         | pensions. They'll never change their behavior unless properly
         | incentivized to do so.
        
           | ip26 wrote:
           | Maybe. If a single claim could wipe out the pension, there's
           | a good chance the department would close ranks even harder
           | than today. You could hope they would police themselves
           | better, but once something _does_ happen, Johnny Idiot 's
           | mistake has put the entire department's pension at risk. This
           | sets up bad incentives.
        
             | pstuart wrote:
             | > You could hope they would police themselves better
             | 
             | A fool's errand, we know that won't happen on the basis of
             | "doing the right thing".
             | 
             | It would have to be structured so that covering up only
             | makes it worse, it is a perfect subject for applying game
             | theory to steer the outcomes.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Yep, currently dealing with a situation like this. The
               | captain of the troop closed my complaint against one of
               | the troopers without any investigation or justification.
               | They didn't even notify me.
        
             | Spivak wrote:
             | Yeah this seems really really bad and I'm surprised that
             | people in tech are suggesting it since we all experience
             | the "if you fuck up you won't be punished so long as you
             | own to it" policy that makes it so that issues are actually
             | felt with.
             | 
             | I mean the poor guy who caused the AWS S3 outage doesn't
             | need to be personally personally responsible for the
             | millions people lost due to it nor does their teammates via
             | their 401ks. These are structural issues and trying to find
             | someone to scapegoat makes it so people ignore them.
        
           | rriepe wrote:
           | It's important that it's at the department level and not the
           | individual level too. It turns the "looking the other way for
           | other officers" dynamic on its head right away.
        
           | spacemanmatt wrote:
           | They already do this. Making them self-insure would just lead
           | to wiping out departments that eventually lose in court. And
           | they all eventually lose.
           | 
           | I'm ok with that.
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | If that is the end game, why not just skip the middle part
             | and disband the police.
             | 
             | People can arm themselves and settle their own problems
        
         | ipsocannibal wrote:
         | How about we tie settlements and complaints to police
         | compensation packages? Do any police departments in the US do
         | this now? The idea would be the more of these situations you
         | expose your department to through your own misconduct the more
         | you are financially penalized. You lose pay, matching 401K
         | contributions, access to a pension. This won't be a panacea but
         | it could help tax payers recoup some of the costs incurred by
         | bad cops.
        
           | michaelmrose wrote:
           | How about if we determine that the officer acted unlawfully
           | we just take the entire settlement out of the cops pay
           | including any pay he may get from the state or indeed any
           | other employer under the same terms we take money owed to the
           | IRS.
           | 
           | Cost the state a million dollars because you abused or killed
           | somebody congrats you will now be poor for the rest of your
           | life.
           | 
           | 1/3 of 1% of the US works in law enforcement its absurd for
           | the other 99.66% of us to vote in bad terms for everyone
           | unless 70% of us believe those bad terms apply to someone
           | else like a minority.
        
             | Spivak wrote:
             | Okay so this is a genuinely terrible idea because then
             | nobody would be a police officer. Malpractice insurance
             | exists specifically because doctors _will_ make mistakes
             | that harm their patients in hugely expensive ways either in
             | the costs to fix the problem or suffering their patient now
             | has to live with. Everyone makes mistakes at work and so
             | this scheme just produces a workforce with a high luck
             | stat.
             | 
             | Look, I have no sympathy for police officers who
             | intentionally do harm but this isn't the way to weed them
             | out.
        
             | dillondoyle wrote:
             | If they acted unlawfully send them to jail...
             | 
             | Maybe even pull some of their own possession BS grab some
             | restitution on the way in.
        
           | chongli wrote:
           | _How about we tie settlements and complaints to police
           | compensation packages?_
           | 
           | I doubt we'd be able to achieve that without the willingness
           | to disband the police. Police unions are extremely powerful
           | and they would never accept this without an existential
           | threat to all of their members' jobs.
           | 
           | At that point, why not go all the way and disband the police,
           | creating a new law enforcement agency to replace them, with
           | an entirely different culture and mandate?
        
           | csunbird wrote:
           | Law of unintended consequences say that, that will lead into
           | even more cops hiding things under the rug for their
           | colleagues, since a mistake can end that persons future life.
        
         | Shivetya wrote:
         | Nothing will change as long as we have public employee unions.
         | Nothing. They had such control over politicians at all levels
         | people should honestly be frightened. Through that control they
         | protect abuse by their members either individually or as a
         | whole
         | 
         | unlike private sector unions there is no accountability, the
         | contracts are actually written to forbid any real means to hold
         | members or the union as a whole accountable for actions.
         | 
         | So unless they are reigned in nothing is ever going to change.
         | More likely you will be told and you will buy into the idea
         | that more money and more staffing is needed.
         | 
         | and nothing will change except the public will be on the hook
         | for even larger and more outlandish suits and worse pensions
        
           | Pfhreak wrote:
           | Public sector unions are fine. _Police unions_ are a problem.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | I don't really think so. Even FDR was against public
             | unions.
        
           | alisonkisk wrote:
           | People shy away from this, but public sector employees
           | already have huge advantages:
           | 
           | * The jobs are largely undesirable, so threatening to quit is
           | viable
           | 
           | * The jobs are public facing (for the major unions like
           | police and teachers) so they can rally the public on their
           | behalf
           | 
           | * These professions have extreme leeway for "work to rule"
           | (doing the minimum requiremed) that applies pressure on
           | employer without violating employment agreements.
           | 
           | * note: When most people debate unions, they mean collective
           | bargaining obligations, not free association "minority"
           | unions. A minority union can still speak up for its
           | membership and provide financial support for victims of
           | management.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | It's going to be hard to tie financial responsibility to
         | individual officers in a way that doesn't ultimately come back
         | to tax dollars anyway.
         | 
         | Most likely if you hold officers financially responsible as a
         | rule, they'll take out errors and omissions policies. Salaries
         | may be raised to pay for premiums, but either way it's tax
         | payer money. The insured pool would probably be police officers
         | from a wider area, but still tax payer money. So if you ended
         | up getting a claim paid by insurance, it's just coming from a
         | wider pool of tax payers.
         | 
         | If you only allowed people to be a police officer if they were
         | wealthy enough to pay a judgement, that would be pretty gross.
        
           | daniellarusso wrote:
           | Doctors have malpractice insurance.
           | 
           | Could there not be something similar for other professionals
           | that can end a person's life while 'on the clock'?
        
             | akvadrako wrote:
             | Except malpractice insurance for doctors is a major
             | failure. It greatly increases the cost of care without
             | actually reducing the incidence of malpractice.
        
               | dtgriscom wrote:
               | Any citation for this?
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | You have to make the consequences of non-compliance greater
           | than the coverup.
           | 
           | Make a lien on the pension which forces the old guard to feel
           | uncomfortable and request department changes.
           | 
           | Make this occur for the slightest infractions of any
           | individual officer.
           | 
           | Make the municipality have to disclose very significant
           | policing stats when they want to issue a bond, and then
           | quarterly. They currently have a complete disclosure
           | exemption from the SEC.
           | 
           | Turn on these consequences every time a police report doesn't
           | match the video. Or whenever one just lies whether there is
           | video or not.
           | 
           | Make the partners accomplices when they don't report, and
           | that alone being a trigger for the wide range of sanctions
           | against the entire municipality.
           | 
           | There are a lot of ways to make them turn on themselves,
           | while keeping their primarily stated concern of being able to
           | make split second decisions and get home safely at the end of
           | the day.
           | 
           | This would be much better than requiring all this fanfare for
           | a small subset of egregious transgressions.
        
           | fgonzag wrote:
           | If you force officers to carry malpractice insurance, the
           | city only pays the base premium for a spotless record to the
           | officers (collectively negotiated by the union most likely),
           | anything extra is supposed to come out of their pockets. The
           | insurance would probably disqualify gross negligence too, so
           | police officers as a whole would have to be a lot more
           | careful.
           | 
           | It is far from an ideal solution but it should help start
           | getting the ball rolling towards a more professional and
           | transparent police force.
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | The base premium would be the cost of covering the typical
             | available hire, not the cost of covering someone with
             | several years of low cost behavior.
             | 
             | Compare to credit reporting where everyone starts with a
             | decent provisional score and then the cost of borrowing
             | goes down if you demonstrate the correct risk/reward
             | behavior.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | This is basically my thoughts too.
             | 
             | I think the only real catching point is that the courts
             | don't care about rights nor are police willing to really
             | investigate claims against another officer. I have some
             | very recent/on-going experience with this. There was a
             | trooper who knowingly held a false charge against us,
             | leading to restrictions in our freedoms and small costs. I
             | contacted a civil rights attorney who told me the courts
             | don't care unless we sustained significant costs/damages.
             | Recovering costs would be great, but we would mostly like
             | to see protections put into place so this doesn't happen to
             | others (and maybe get this bad trooper removed). I filed
             | one successful complaint against him. Then he took further
             | actions and I filed another complaint. That complaint was
             | closed without any investigation or justification - they
             | didn't even tell me they were closing it.
        
             | iaw wrote:
             | This is the most free-market approach to resolving police
             | brutality that I've seen so far. With no ideal solutions
             | sometimes the pragmatic ones are the best.
        
             | tqi wrote:
             | I think the problem with this proposal is the us vs them
             | mentality of police departments. I would expect that cops
             | will continue to close ranks around the bad cops, and use
             | these insurance claims as a tool against those that don't.
        
             | snomad wrote:
             | Or, they just do a better job of covering up for each
             | other, choose to enforce the law less frequently, arrive to
             | reported crimes slower, etc...
        
             | alsetmusic wrote:
             | Police unions have so much power that they'd force cities
             | to cover them completely.
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | I like it. Even if unions decide to start covering costs
             | bad officers will get expensive quick. Free market will
             | force out bad officers.
             | 
             | We need to stop punting the cost of this to faceless
             | entities like the state and allow the officers themselves
             | to be sued and the free market will do the rest.
        
               | roywiggins wrote:
               | There's probably a pretty large constituency willing to
               | give money to bad cops' crowdfunding campaigns. Free
               | market works both ways- lots of people would be happy to
               | subsidize this sort of behavior as long as they can be
               | convinced the cops are being "canceled" by "antifa" or
               | whatever.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | Nearly all of the "bad cops" stories in the media, like
               | nearly all stories in the media whatsoever, are
               | toxoplasma:
               | 
               | https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/12/17/the-toxoplasma-of-
               | rage...
               | 
               | If there is no case to be made in defending a cop, nobody
               | wants to make it. But then it isn't a story, because it's
               | only a story if it's a controversy.
               | 
               | That creates the impression that many people are
               | defending all of these bad cops in the clear cases, when
               | they're really only defending them in the controversial
               | cases.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | That's basically tautological. Controversy just means
               | people disagree. It doesn't say anything about which
               | cases are controversial and why.
        
               | mr_toad wrote:
               | > If there is no case to be made in defending a cop,
               | nobody wants to make it.
               | 
               | Seems like the unions will defend an officer regardless
               | of what they did.
        
               | clusterfish wrote:
               | Even if that's the case, better those people pay for the
               | crimes, than everyone via taxes. And, civil suits are one
               | thing but criminal liability should be a thing too. Can't
               | just pay that off.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "... criminal liability should be a thing too."
               | 
               | It's too bad the system is corrupt and they won't hold
               | people within the system accountable.
        
           | Judgmentality wrote:
           | > It's going to be hard to tie financial responsibility to
           | individual officers in a way that doesn't ultimately come
           | back to tax dollars anyway.
           | 
           | Why not just deduct all lawsuits and other costs from the
           | collective pension fund for police departments? This seems
           | like a trivial problem to solve (I mean assuming the goal
           | were to solve it, and not increase police power while
           | minimizing accountability). Once the police have to start
           | paying for their own fuckups, I think they will quickly turn
           | on each other. And in the event they decide to double down
           | and hide it collectively, they risk losing the pension fund
           | for the entire police department (obviously depends on the
           | court settlement). At least they'll have skin in the game for
           | their corruption.
        
             | Thiez wrote:
             | So good cops who have never done anything wrong and never
             | looked the other way or covered up for their coworkers
             | would lose their pension?
             | 
             | Communal punishment is considered a war crime under the
             | Geneva Conventions. While those clearly do not apply in the
             | situation you propose, it may be an interesting datapoint
             | for considering its fairness.
        
         | 4eor0 wrote:
         | SCOTUS ruled last December Federal law allows suing government
         | agents who violate Constitutional rights.
         | 
         | https://ij.org/press-release/u-s-supreme-court-rules-unanimo...
         | 
         | Cities should start suing on behalf of their citizens.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | But it has to be previously defined in case law or something
           | that is considered defacto through an egregious violation,
           | right?
           | 
           | On a side note, do you know of any case law that shows that
           | leaving a charge stand when you know it is false (no
           | detention/custody) is a violation of Constitutional rights? I
           | have a situation that this would be useful for.
        
       | hayst4ck wrote:
       | There must be some uncomfortable truth in regards to police
       | officers, the type of thing you only understand if you are
       | responsible for leading/paying them.
       | 
       | Clearly police officers are above the law in America. Clearly
       | blue lives matter/thin blue line is a very deep cultural problem
       | within the force. Clearly police unions protect people who
       | shouldn't be protected. Clearly police officers protect their
       | peers when their peers commit crime. Clearly there is some level
       | of infiltration by white supremacists into police forces. Clearly
       | police in major cities do not do a very good job of de-escalation
       | at all.
       | 
       | The average citizen has almost certainly seen a video of a police
       | officer acting outrageously and not ending up in prison. Everyone
       | here has theories that will solve it: end qualified immunity, fix
       | incentives, destroy police unions. Most likely none of us are
       | experts. I can't shake the feeling that there is some truth or
       | barrier to this problem that the average person doesn't know
       | about/the government doesn't think we can handle being told.
       | 
       | If nothing else any reform must have the blessing of police
       | officers. If police officers quit en masse that is something
       | society at large isn't willing to tolerate. Just like the old
       | slashdot e-mail reform meme of ol'
       | (https://yro.slashdot.org/story/04/04/06/1629219/analysis-
       | of-...), I suspect we need a similar meme for police reform.
        
         | Natsu wrote:
         | The interesting thing is that they only stopped him for a few
         | minutes and, once they realized he wasn't suspicious, declined
         | to do anything and let him go, then neglected to return his
         | phone until it was demanded back. Despite the headline, they
         | didn't go back and invent charges for the guy, they determined
         | he was innocent and dropped it, though they neglected his
         | phone.
         | 
         | One problem with making a federal case out of this is that it
         | tends to incentivize the cops to make their own federal case
         | out of this in defense, i.e. to make stuff up so they have a
         | defense if they made a mistake.
        
         | stormbrew wrote:
         | > If nothing else any reform must have the blessing of police
         | officers.
         | 
         | This statement right here is a pretty roundabout way to speak
         | the truth that "reform" is unlikely to ever change anything.
         | Even these moderate proposals that are just pointless theatre
         | are opposed tooth and nail by police officers and unions
         | everywhere.
         | 
         | Hell, in the midst of everything going on last year, many
         | police unions insisted their budgets needed to be _increased_
         | at the expense of all other city departments facing cuts.
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | >> Clearly police officers are above the law in America.
         | 
         | I think many law enforcement officers view themselves as 'the
         | law' and therefore believe that the ends justify the means. The
         | popular, although dated, culture backs them up on that and
         | there are many laws that favor law enforcement over suspects.
         | 
         | Police in the US think they are above the law because in many
         | ways they are. The good ones know how to find the balance and
         | keep the peace.
        
           | aneemzic wrote:
           | I guess it stems from a time when all you really had to work
           | with was physical evidence and the only records being what
           | officers had written down. So it really wouldn't have worked
           | any other way. A suspect is always going to say whatever
           | makes them seem innocent. "I wasn't holding that knife when
           | you arrested me" would be impossible to disprove if the
           | suspect was wearing gloves at the time or forensic evidence
           | wasn't yet available. So in some ways the officers word had
           | to hold more weight.
           | 
           | It seems like the only solution is for every single
           | interaction to be digitally recorded.
        
         | s1artibartfast wrote:
         | >I can't shake the feeling that there is some truth or barrier
         | to this problem that the average person doesn't know about/the
         | government doesn't think we can handle being told.
         | 
         | I think the truth is simple. Police officers are regular
         | people, not supermen. They work an awful and dangerous job
         | where they interact primarily with the worst individuals in our
         | society. There will always be bad apples.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-02-14 23:01 UTC)