[HN Gopher] MasterCard to open up network to cryptocurrencies
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       MasterCard to open up network to cryptocurrencies
        
       Author : ArtTimeInvestor
       Score  : 637 points
       Date   : 2021-02-11 14:54 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | sktrdie wrote:
       | Aliens: look at this species they've come up with this weird
       | concept of "money". Some of them have more & can obtain more
       | resources with it. Because they can't trust each other they need
       | a book-keeping system that uses more resources than they needed
       | in the first place! Quite ironic.
        
         | whitepaint wrote:
         | If you could provide a better solution, a Nobel Prize is
         | waiting for you. It is truly extraordinary what people have
         | achieved. Especially since around 18th century (wonder why..).
        
       | impostervt wrote:
       | Unclear what this actually means. Can I pay my credit card bill
       | using crypto? That's a taxable event and a pain in the butt to
       | track.
       | 
       | Can I buy stuff from merchants using crypto, and they receive
       | crypto? Useful, but most merchants will want fiat currency, so
       | someone on the chain will have to convert it to dollars, which
       | again would be a taxable event.
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | I don't get it - you're trying to avoid paying tax into the
         | society that you're using, benefitting from?
         | 
         | Edit to add: Many replies are acting as if it's difficult to
         | automatically, digitally track conversions and taxes, to then
         | pay your taxes? It's a digital "currency" we're talking about
         | here.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | As a point of order, tax avoidance is perfectly legal and
           | encouraged by the IRS. Tax evasion is illegal.
           | 
           | There are many legitimate and ethical reasons why someone
           | would want to avoid taxes they're not obligated to pay.
           | 
           | To your second point about calculating and tracking these
           | expenses, it gets messy really quickly. Certainly do-able,
           | but messy nonetheless. Imagine having a 1099 that is dozens
           | of pages long because it's basically your yearly credit card
           | statement. Imagine having to pay a capital gains tax of like
           | 5 cents on a starbucks purchase. Interestingly enough, this
           | isn't a requirement when paying for things using foreign
           | exchange. You don't have to track gains if you take a
           | vacation to Europe and pay for things using Euros. So I think
           | the goal is to have crypto transaction treated like a Forex
           | purchase.
        
           | mindvirus wrote:
           | I think the OP is noting that it makes taxes complicated.
           | Imagine having to track and report every time you went to
           | Starbucks to the IRS, which you would have to if you
           | converted crypto to dollars to buy a coffee.
        
           | impostervt wrote:
           | No, I don't mean sales tax. I mean converting from crypto to
           | fiat, in the US, is treated like capital gains. So you get to
           | pay taxes twice on the event.
        
           | drcode wrote:
           | It's not about paying taxes, it's about not wanting to have
           | to declare the cheeseburger you bought for lunch as a line
           | item on your year-end taxes.
        
           | thebean11 wrote:
           | It's much easier to pay taxes for transactions on crypto
           | exchanges. They have APIs for tax software to call into.
           | 
           | I don't trust a traditional bank, or much less some random
           | retailer accepting crypto, to get this right. Huge headache.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | xur17 wrote:
           | > Edit to add: Many replies are acting as if it's difficult
           | to automatically, digitally track conversions and taxes, to
           | then pay your taxes? It's a digital "currency" we're talking
           | about here.
           | 
           | As someone who has to deal with this every year, yes, even if
           | it is "tracked automatically", it's a huge pita to manage.
        
           | proto-n wrote:
           | Let's be a bit more charitable interpreting what they said:
           | "a pain in the butt to track". Lots of little profit taking
           | events to report on your tax form, yeah it's painful. But
           | also means that you intend to pay the tax, not avoid it.
        
         | bondarchuk wrote:
         | I think the point is that you can hold crypto but your credit
         | card will automatically convert some of it to fiat whenever you
         | pay for something.
         | 
         | https://mstr.cd/3tLaPZM
         | 
         | > _Consumers can instantly convert their cryptocurrencies into
         | traditional fiat currency, which can be spent everywhere
         | Mastercard is accepted around the world. Currency will always
         | enter Mastercard's network as traditional fiat currency._
        
       | cbradford wrote:
       | I thought the whole idea of Bitcoin was to get out of the
       | financial system that Mastercard is a central piece of.
        
         | paulpan wrote:
         | Right, I view this announcement as a ploy by Mastercard to stay
         | relevant and probably appease their investors.
         | 
         | One of the key selling points of bitcoin and other
         | cryptocurrencies is removing the middleman from transactions.
         | Arguably miners in the proof of work consensus are a middleman
         | but not as much as the 2.5-3.5% charged by the likes of Visa
         | and Mastercard.
         | 
         | The other one, as OP mentioned, is permissionless or
         | decentralization - the freedom from the whims of governments
         | and traditional banking systems. I don't see how Mastercard can
         | straddle between the two without some deception.
        
         | neals wrote:
         | Can't really call it freedom if you're not going to allow
         | specific companies to join and use it though...
        
         | PretzelPirate wrote:
         | The original idea of Bitcoin was to have a currency that wasn't
         | in government control - not to keep the government and big
         | banks away from it.
         | 
         | The current world of cryptocurrency gives you a choice of
         | trusting big banks or not, and having the same economic
         | opportunities regardless of the level of trust you are
         | comfortable with.
        
           | the_local_host wrote:
           | > The original idea of Bitcoin was to have a currency that
           | wasn't in government control
           | 
           | I've never understood this. With an immutable ledger of all
           | transactions, governments simply have to make it illegal to
           | transact anonymously (or pseudonymously), watch the
           | blockchain, and investigate any un-attributed transactions.
           | 
           | It would actually enhance governments' surveillance
           | capabilities against anyone not willing to run the risk of
           | trying to obscure their identity, which I expect would be
           | most people.
           | 
           | If you can intimidate the participants, the inescapable math
           | of the whole thing becomes a tool that can be used against
           | those participants. You don't need to control a currency if
           | you can control anyone who holds it.
        
             | stale2002 wrote:
             | > governments simply have to make it illegal to transact
             | anonymously
             | 
             | How? Are you suggesting that every single government in the
             | world would collude together to ban crypto?
             | 
             | What if, at least one of those probably western, countries
             | chooses to make the simple decision of _not_ being a parody
             | of a distopian government?
             | 
             | Then other governments who _have_ chosen to be a storybook
             | parody of distopian would be unable to tell the different
             | between these _legally_ anonymous transactions that are in
             | the normal country that is allowing these transaction, and
             | between _illegal_ transactions that are not in that
             | country.
             | 
             | They couldn't simply watch the blockchain, as 1 country is
             | defecting by not acting like an absurd example of a
             | totalitarian government that is in no way similar to how
             | modern day western countries act.
             | 
             | > You don't need to control a currency if you can control
             | anyone who holds it.
             | 
             | But multiple absurd totalitarian governments that pop up
             | overnight wouldn't be able to control everyone who owns
             | crypto, as there would certain be countries that decide to
             | make the simple decision of not acting like a story book
             | parody of an evil government.
        
             | solosoyokaze wrote:
             | 1. It would be prohibitively expensive for the government
             | to track down every blockchain transaction IRL to find the
             | identity behind the wallet (if even possible). This cost
             | rises with adoption.
             | 
             | 2. Different crypto currencies have different roles. If you
             | want to avoid traceability altogether, use zCash.
        
               | the_local_host wrote:
               | 1) Why would it be prohibitively expensive? In the face
               | of severe enough penalties, most people would simply
               | report their transactions as required, _and_ report who
               | they transacted with.
               | 
               | The number of transactions that needed to be investigated
               | would be a small percentage of the total, and possibly
               | traceable through means other than cracking keys.
               | 
               | 2) Regardless of whatever zCash is, my point is that
               | Bitcoin's immutable and complete ledger lends itself to
               | complete surveillance. The math may be uncrackable, but
               | the users are not, and privacy would go out the window if
               | they're forced to transact with registered IDs.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | > forced to transact with registered IDs.
               | 
               | It's prohibitively expensive precisely because being
               | forced to transact with registered IDs is going to be
               | less and less of a requirement moving forward. With DeFi
               | exchanges, we'll see more transactions that stay out of
               | state surveillance.
               | 
               | You're correct that BTC isn't ideal for privacy though.
               | That's why zCash and Monero will also be important
               | currencies.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | You don't need to track down every transaction. You just
               | need to flag the fraudulent/stolen/illegal coins on the
               | blockchain and require exchanges to confiscate those
               | coins as they come through the system.
               | 
               | Blockchain is a public ledger of every Bitcoin
               | transaction ever. It's trivial to track these things.
               | It's trivial to identify downstream coins from upstream
               | illegal activity. Far easier than with traditional
               | currency.
               | 
               | The exchanges will play ball because they want to
               | continue exchanging (making money). The Bitcoin hodlers
               | will play ball because it makes their investment more
               | legitimate and reduces the supply of coins, increasing
               | the value of their stash.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | The exchanges are becoming decentralized. Not just
               | exchanges but other financial services, including the
               | ability to earn interest. There are also other coins that
               | are less traceable than BTC. It's only going to get more
               | difficult for governments to track crypto, not less.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | If all you care about is crypto and you're happy to use
               | exchanges that don't care about regulations, that works.
               | 
               | But if you want to get money back out of the system or
               | spend that money on anything, it has to go through an
               | exchange located in your jurisdiction.
               | 
               | Also, watch out for the services that claim to deliver
               | abnormally high interest on crypto investments. There's
               | no free lunch.
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | Some countries have explicitly put restrictions on
               | dealing with privacy-preserving currencies like Monero
               | and ZCash.
               | 
               | Japanese exchanges and service providers, for example,
               | are not allowed to touch them.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | This is why the DeFi work on Ethereum is exciting, so you
               | can have exchanges and other financial services not tied
               | to restrictive legislation.
        
             | rokhayakebe wrote:
             | _governments simply have to make it illegal to transact
             | anonymously_
             | 
             | Making something illegal does not give a government control
             | over it. Many websites/apps are illegal in many countries.
             | Yet governments have near zero control over their citizens
             | using those products. VPN.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | VPN hides activity.
               | 
               | Bitcoin makes it public record.
               | 
               | Regulating Bitcoin transactions is extremely easy due to
               | the public ledger. You simply make it illegal for
               | exchanges to transact with coins that are known to be
               | stolen or otherwise flagged. Then all exchanges are
               | forced to blacklist coins on that list, as well as
               | descendant transactions from those blacklisted coins.
               | 
               | Now there are two classes of addresses on the blockchain:
               | Those that are clean, and those that are tainted with
               | illegal activity transactions. The tainted coins are
               | worth less than untainted coins as fewer and fewer
               | exchanges will touch them.
               | 
               | Ironically, Bitcoin speculators will support this move
               | because it reduces the supply of Bitcoin. Reducing the
               | supply of Bitcoin increases the relative value of their
               | clean Bitcoin.
        
               | hammock wrote:
               | What is the VPN for bitcoin?
        
             | averynicepen wrote:
             | For the record, currently recommended best practice is to
             | create a new Bitcoin address for every transaction.
             | Although the ledger is public, using it on a regular basis
             | would mean you have hundreds of addresses per user.
             | 
             | For targeted investigations, blockchain crypto is already
             | being a hugely useful tool for 3 letter agencies. But for
             | dragnet policies of mass de-anonymized transactions, I
             | currently can't think of a way for this to actually work
             | with limited resources.
             | 
             | Currently, anonymization is being defeated at the source by
             | requiring registration with all major crypto exchanges. But
             | once the coins start to circulate like cash, wallet to
             | wallet, you would need to force registration on the wallets
             | (in order to match identity to the addresses) - but there
             | are many options that are either heavily security focused
             | or free and open-source, so it would be difficult to find a
             | single choke point to regulate.
             | 
             | Depends on what the future of crypto wallet adoption looks
             | like, I suppose. Monopolization does tend to happen...
        
             | 3np wrote:
             | You're absolutely right - it's a very double-edged sword.
             | Pure on-chain bitcoin in its current form is the perfect
             | tool for totalitarian control - guess why the CCP is hyped
             | about their CBDC?
             | 
             | I think that the question of if we end up being caught
             | without an exit or not comes down to if privacy-preserving
             | technology (on-chain like Monero and/or off-chain like
             | Lightning) gets adopted by businesses and individuals
             | enough for it to be too late to pull back once powers that
             | be have the understanding, capabilities and intention to do
             | so.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | Copyright infringement was also always illegal (and still
             | is). That doesn't mean that Napster, BitTorrent, etc.
             | didn't massively increase access to music outside the
             | control of the copyright system.
        
               | bob33212 wrote:
               | Perfect analogy. From 1998-2006 it was easier to get
               | pirated music than pay for it. Once the music industry
               | realized that the days of people paying $20 per CD that
               | they may only listen to a few times were over, the
               | streamers took over and now 90+% of music is listened to
               | with permission of the centralized gate keepers.
               | 
               | Regulators and other parties will catch up eventually.
               | When there is a 500% tax on homes/cars you purchase with
               | BTC the whole "decentralization/permissionless" idea will
               | fade away.
        
         | runeks wrote:
         | No, the idea of Bitcoin is to have an asset that you can
         | withdraw from the financial system.
         | 
         | This is only possible in our current financial system if you
         | want to take delivery of physical bank notes.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | Bitcoin transactions cost $8 each and that's exactly what the
         | Bitcoin miners want
         | 
         | The idea that Bitcoin was going to become a new currency was
         | never true with the low transaction limit and Hugh transaction
         | cost.
        
           | mshumi wrote:
           | A hardfork to algorand consensus would solve this
        
         | BitwiseFool wrote:
         | I see where you are coming from. I see bitcoin as a tool that
         | can be used both inside and outside of the traditional
         | financial system. It's ultimately up to you, the bitcoin
         | holder, to decide if you want it transacted through the bitcoin
         | client or if you want Mastercard to be a middleman.
        
       | ArtTimeInvestor wrote:
       | The game Paypal currently plays with Crypto is the closest thing
       | to printing money I have ever seen:
       | 
       | Their users can "buy and sell Bitcoin" and pay "no fees". How
       | does Paypal make money? "From the spread". The difference between
       | bid and ask. And who sets the spread? Drumroll ... Paypal!
       | 
       | Since you cannot transfer your bitcoins out, when you sell your
       | bitcoins, Paypal pays you whatever they like.
       | 
       | So far, Paypal only offers this in the United States. And do the
       | Americans take this offer? Yes! They buy over a billion dollars
       | worth of Bitcoin per month on Paypal. If this continues, it means
       | that every American from toddler to senior buys $50 worth of
       | Bitcoin per year.
       | 
       | Other companies in the finance industry will want the same free
       | lunch. Run on crypto in 3..2..1..
       | 
       | This will continue until the first companies will start to offer
       | you to transfer your crypto out. Then slowly the market will
       | normalize. Now everyone has crypto. In their
       | paypal/mastercard/bank/whatever account and/or in their own
       | wallet.
       | 
       | Looks like chances for broader crypto adoption are pretty good.
        
         | koonsolo wrote:
         | Quote from Elon Musk: "If PayPal had executed the plan that I
         | wanted to execute on, I think it would probably be the most
         | valuable company in the world".
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | Paypal could have become like Alipay/Wechat Pay in China, but
           | it didn't.
        
           | bondarchuk wrote:
           | ..what was the plan?
        
             | koonsolo wrote:
             | If I remember correctly, replace money, or at least all
             | banks.
        
           | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
           | Which plan was that? The one Musk was fired for pushing, i.e.
           | getting them to switch all their infrastructure to _Microsoft
           | Windows_?
           | 
           | Elon Musk is best ignored.
        
             | koonsolo wrote:
             | On which system you run has very little to do with how
             | successful you can get your company.
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | That's how all currency trading works. Why do you think this is
         | unique to Bitcoin or crypto?
         | 
         | More than 95% of "money" in circulation was created in the
         | private banking sector. That's the closest thing to printing
         | money because that's actually what it is.
         | 
         | Paypal is just taking a cut for providing a service. Don't like
         | it? Don't use it.
        
           | ArtTimeInvestor wrote:
           | You can show up at a bank and demand your balance in central
           | bank money aka cash.
           | 
           | The equivalent for Bitcoin would be that Paypal has to send
           | your balance to you on the blockchain. But they do not do
           | that. They will pay you in dollars. How much dollars? However
           | much they like.
        
             | warkdarrior wrote:
             | We'll see whether consumers like their offering.
             | 
             | [checking...] It looks like they are doing alright:
             | https://www.coindesk.com/paypal-2020-results-outstanding-
             | fin...
        
               | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
               | Yes, the cryptocurrency markets are famously rational.
        
             | ascar wrote:
             | > You can show up at a bank and demand your balance in
             | central bank money aka cash.
             | 
             | If everyone would try to do that the system would collapse.
             | The system is built upon the assumption that the vast
             | majority of people don't do that.
        
               | globular-toast wrote:
               | When people do do that, it's called a bank run:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_run
               | 
               | This happened to Northern Rock in the UK in 2007. The
               | bank failed and was nationalised as a result.
        
             | Drakim wrote:
             | I'm confused, if I buy bitcoin from Paypal, and I want to
             | use that bitcoin to pay for say, Pizza, would Paypal not
             | allow me to do that?
        
             | globular-toast wrote:
             | > You can show up at a bank and demand your balance in
             | central bank money aka cash.
             | 
             | Of course you can. Whether you get it or not is another
             | matter. Have you ever tried it? Do you know anyone who has
             | tried it? Sure, for trivial amounts you can do it. But do
             | you think you can just waltz into your bank and walk out
             | with $50,000 in cash? Good luck.
        
               | mianos wrote:
               | I did this often. Then I would buy a can of spam. :)
        
         | abluecloud wrote:
         | Same with their forex rates. What's new.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | X6S1x6Okd1st wrote:
         | MasterCard is only allowing stablecoins. Your insight sounds
         | good, but unrelated to this.
        
         | parliament32 wrote:
         | Thing is this is exactly how it works with literally every
         | other forex ever. If you go buy CAD with your USD from your
         | local bank, of course they make money on the spread, the exact
         | same way.
        
           | kgwgk wrote:
           | But you get the foreign currency! You can take it to a
           | foreign country to spend it in blackjack and hookers.
           | 
           | That looks more like a bucket shop.
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | That is outright scam in my view. They never have to hold
         | bitcoin. They may as well sell paypal coin. Robinhood and
         | Revolut do the same thing. If you can't transfer out your
         | bitcoin, you don't have any bitcoin.
        
           | dan-robertson wrote:
           | That would be illegal. And probably it would be the SEC (ie a
           | regulator that actually does things) who would be making sure
           | that PayPal or Robinhood or whoever aren't lying.
        
           | liquidify wrote:
           | They couldn't do that. If they didn't actually have any
           | crypto, in the event of a large scale increase in price
           | combined with a large scale cash out, Paypal would have to
           | eat the difference from buy to sell price. They would lose
           | their shirt. At minimum, Paypal is buying some percentage of
           | the crypto sales in actual crypto to act as a hedge. However,
           | it is more likely they are closer to 1 to 1 backing since
           | they probably believe that there will be large upward
           | movements in the future and they believe they can make money
           | on both the spreads and the actual bitcoin (assuming they
           | ever care to sell it).
        
             | Mc_Big_G wrote:
             | You're giving Paypal and Robinhood too much credit. It
             | wouldn't surprise anyone if they both consider themselves
             | "too big to fail" and do not have sufficient crypto to
             | cover themselves. It's easy to imagine the meetings where
             | someone "important" says "That will never happen, end of
             | discussion." and then it turns out they they're wrong and
             | they get bailed out (or not).
        
               | sz4kerto wrote:
               | These meetings don't exist. Occasionally fraud and
               | negligence happens, but not this casually. People running
               | PayPal-sized companies are neither completely stupid not
               | completely evil. A bit yes, but not this much.
        
             | hanniabu wrote:
             | > Paypal would have to eat the difference from buy to sell
             | price.
             | 
             | Why? If they never offer withdrawals then they don't need
             | to worry about that.
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | If I buy a BTC for $30,000, then later decide to sell it
               | for $47,000, Paypal will lose $17,000 if they didn't
               | actually have a BTC somewhere in their vault.
               | 
               | This is the same idea as bucket shop operations that
               | "trade" stocks with their clients without actually
               | processing trades on any exchange.
               | 
               | When prices are rising, with new buyers available, then a
               | bucket shop can do just fine for themselves. As soon as
               | they have more sellers than buyers, at a price higher
               | than they came in, the shop is the one that has to cover
               | the difference.
        
               | quietbritishjim wrote:
               | If no one can transfer bitcoin out of the PayPal system
               | then the only way for you to sell it for $47,000 is to
               | find someone else on PayPal willing to buy it for that
               | amount (or actually a bit more because of the spread). So
               | PayPal don't lose anything.
               | 
               | Admittedly this doesn't sound right to me, but it's what
               | the parent commenters seem to be saying.
        
               | liquidify wrote:
               | It doesn't work like this. If paypal's customers decide
               | to cash out as a whole, then that means there is a net
               | sell. There won't be enough buyers in paypal to cover the
               | sells. They would need to expose themselves to another
               | market by buying / selling actual bitcoin to be able to
               | float like you describe.
        
             | Hippocrates wrote:
             | I assume that they don't hold the bitcoin but contract out
             | the holding of the coins (or keys) to some 3rd party who
             | specializes. They still make money on the spread and the
             | buy/sell price gouge may be even larger to cover fees of
             | whoever actually holds the crypto. Holdings may not be 1:1
             | still but it should be some safe amount.
        
             | Slartie wrote:
             | They could just as well hedge the "PayPal-Bitcoin" they
             | hand out to their customers with unbacked Bitcoin futures.
             | They don't necessarily have to buy the underlying as long
             | as they can find some other party who's willing to engage
             | in a bet about the future of the Bitcoin price.
             | 
             | Though I must admit that it's doubtful for them to find
             | enough cash to take the other side of this bet, so most
             | likely they have to resort to actual Bitcoin bought from
             | liquid exchanges or OTC.
        
               | oillio wrote:
               | Bitcoin futures are running at about 25% per annum carry.
               | 
               | They absolutely can find counterparties to take that
               | trade, but it would be much more efficient to trade in
               | the spot markets. The real question is if they have
               | custody operations setup to handle the coin.
               | 
               | I expect they outsource these backend operations to the
               | likes of Coinbase, Gemini, or Fidelity. They probably
               | won't allow customers to transfer their Bitcoin out until
               | they move custody in house, which is no easy task.
        
             | skybrian wrote:
             | Or maybe even buy more Bitcoin than they need? It seems to
             | have worked out well for Tesla so far.
             | 
             | As Matt Levine pointed out yesterday, a mainstream company
             | can make money by buying Bitcoin and then making an
             | announcement that sounds like they're going to use it. (It
             | doesn't matter whether that plan works out or not, as long
             | as the price of Bitcoin goes up.)
             | 
             | For Paypal, getting their own customers to buy Bitcoin
             | (that they already own) would be a way of hedging, if
             | they're long Bitcoin to begin with.
        
               | golem14 wrote:
               | IMO Tesla tries to get around China currency controls and
               | lets people in China buy Teslas with bitcoin. I guess
               | that is part of the reason why Tesla was hauled in front
               | of the Chinese government recently. It _is_ a good idea
               | if it works out.
        
           | globular-toast wrote:
           | When you get paid at the end of the month do you think there
           | is a bloke with a wheelbarrow full of gold, or salt, or even
           | bits of paper running between banks ensuring you get your
           | salary? You've just figured out the entire private banking
           | sector ;)
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | It's not any different than precious metal ETFs.
        
             | cturner wrote:
             | It is a similar dynamic, but I would be more inclined to
             | trust the ETF.
             | 
             | 1) For the metals ETFs I know about, the underlying is held
             | by a bank which is a separate legal vehicle to the ETF.
             | Since the ETF and the bank are both publicly-listed firms,
             | their full-reserve commitments would be regularly audited
             | to a high standard.
             | 
             | 2) Brokers participate in risky activity that is unrelated
             | to digital asset trading. This seems like a higher risk
             | profile than a firm that is streamlined to maintain a
             | single ETF.
             | 
             | 3) The broker acts as custodian for your digital assets,
             | but not for your shares.
             | 
             | Imagine that you buy a digital asset through your broker
             | and they become insolvent a week later. Assuming your
             | contract gives you no special rights, you would sit on the
             | books as one creditor alongside unpaid vendors and unpaid
             | employees. Years later, you may get back cents in the
             | dollar.
             | 
             | Whereas you would have full and immediate rights to any ETF
             | you had bought through that broker on the same day. They
             | have no influence once it has settled.
        
               | oillio wrote:
               | For a view on what this looks like from a legal
               | standpoint check out the MtGox collapse
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mt._Gox
        
         | rantwasp wrote:
         | _Fed has entered the room_
        
         | kungito wrote:
         | I think Binance has the same thing. They have the "Binance
         | pegged BTC" and you have to pay an additional fee to get the
         | "real BTC" which you could put in the "real BTC wallet"
         | 
         | https://www.binance.com/en/blog/421499824684901264/Experienc...
        
         | 3np wrote:
         | Revolut is pulling the exact same bullshit to a T.
         | 
         | If it weren't such an obvious move I'd say PayPal carbon-copied
         | it from Revolut. Can't wait for the competition to put pressure
         | on them.
        
         | nhumrich wrote:
         | this isn't entirely true, PayPal does charge a transaction fee
         | every time you sell or buy
        
           | ArtTimeInvestor wrote:
           | Not when selling or buying crypto.
        
             | tinyhouse wrote:
             | Not true.
        
               | ArtTimeInvestor wrote:
               | Holla, it is indeed not true. According to the fees
               | section here, they changed it a month ago and added fees
               | on top of the spread:
               | 
               | https://www.paypal.com/us/smarthelp/article/cryptocurrenc
               | y-o...
        
         | GekkePrutser wrote:
         | Lol.. You can't transfer them out??
         | 
         | What's the point of buying them then? Sounds more like a lease
         | thing.
        
           | eswat wrote:
           | Pretty much. Many want exposure to the price appreciation
           | without having to deal with minutae like custody.
        
         | Triv888 wrote:
         | Webull does the same thing... 1% spread in both directions I
         | think (2% total). At least Coinbase are honest and charge a fee
         | and don't claim to be fee-free.
        
         | LegitShady wrote:
         | crypto you can't move out of a particular broker is just
         | company scrip
        
           | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
           | crypto is just company scrip
        
       | TobySKT wrote:
       | Digital learning offers a productive alternative to conventional
       | classroom-based learning. With eLearning solutions you can access
       | learning materials at any time and on any device. Have a great
       | idea for a custom education software? Steelkiwi offers
       | educational innovators a full-cycle eLearning software
       | development strategy featuring advanced technologies, lean
       | design, and an emphasis on learners
       | https://steelkiwi.com/expertise/elearning-software-developme...
        
       | sschueller wrote:
       | I don't want mastercard supporting crypto. I want the merchants
       | and payment providers supporting crypto so I do not have to use
       | mastercard and their "rules". If I want to pay for porn or send a
       | donation to wikileaks I do not want mastercard/paypal or anyone
       | else other than the government (if it's legal I should be allowed
       | to pay for it) deciding if that is ok.
        
         | phatfish wrote:
         | Hasn't Wikileaks published crypto addresses for a long time?
         | You can send directly to them right now. I'd be very surprised
         | if there wasn't a porn site out there taking payment directly
         | though a Bitcoin address too.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | Bitcoin transaction fees are currently around $8.
         | 
         | My credit card pays me 2% to use it.
         | 
         | No one wants to use the Bitcoin blockchain for average
         | transactions.
         | 
         | No one is buying Bitcoin as anything other than a speculative
         | investment right now.
        
           | maeln wrote:
           | And let's not forget that bitcoin can process on average less
           | than 7 transactions per seconds. That's incredibly slow. It
           | can be used for anything irl as long as this fundamental
           | problem is not fixed. Nobody will spend 10+ minutes in front
           | of the cashier waiting for the transaction to be confirmed.
           | 
           | Most cryptocurrencies are plagued by the same issue. Everyone
           | and their mother still come out with their own
           | cryptocurrencies, but none has been proven to have any actual
           | usefulness outside of speculation. I guess Monero and ZCash
           | are at least really used as a transaction method because of
           | the "black market", but, outside of anonymity, they also have
           | the same fundamental issue that btc has.
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | I have a feeling that traditional cc system are slower than
             | the time user waits for confirmation. Isn't it buffer based
             | like disk io ? the bank has a buffer to accept any card
             | that is legit (for small transactions) and the rare time a
             | problem occurs they deal with it on the side ?
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > I have a feeling that traditional cc system are slower
               | than the time user waits for confirmation.
               | 
               | Raising this in response to Bitcoin's limited throughput
               | is a nonsequitur, as this is latency, not throughout.
               | Yes, the time between initiating and settling a credit
               | card transaction is nontrivial, but that doesn't effect
               | the number of transactions the system can process per
               | second. If the credit card system didn't have the
               | throughput to handle transactions at the rate they are
               | initiated, there's be an ever-growing queue, and there
               | isn't.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | note that I don't promote bitcoin .. i just want to avoid
               | people judging the current credit card system from afar.
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | Nano has 0 fees and 1< second transactions. What is your
           | argument against that?
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Sounds great. Why not just use the nano technology to let
             | me move around the USD in my bank account?
             | 
             | Why do we have to invent an all new currency for these
             | technologies to use? There is no good reason, other than to
             | make early adopters wealthy, which they would like very
             | much.
             | 
             | What's stopping the US government from taking nano and
             | creating a USD-backed version?
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | Exactly. So where is it? I've been using the internet
               | since 1997. Banks had the chance to make it. I read here
               | all the time "a single database would be a better
               | solution". So where is the single database? Where is the
               | instant money transfer? Where is the free money transfer
               | over country borders?
               | 
               | My wife lived in US for a while, she is now in EU. She
               | still has some bank account there with a few thousand
               | dollars on it. She can't transfer it to EU (some
               | limitation of that account), she can only get cheques, or
               | ask for some credit card. I told her to see how to
               | purchase crypto with that card, and then transfer the
               | money like that. It's fucking 2021, are you serious?????
               | 
               | So yeah, if you expect banks to come up with a system
               | that can compete with current gen crypto, good luck to
               | you.
        
             | rank0 wrote:
             | I've read briefly about nano and its super interesting. I
             | don't really understand how its feasible though. What is
             | the incentive for operating a node in the network?
             | 
             | A cryptocurrency that would ACTUALLY be used as a currency
             | needs a resilient network. But if operating a node yields
             | no financial incentive, how is that network supposed to be
             | created?
        
               | Shoue wrote:
               | The incentive is the exact thing you're worried about:
               | merchants get to avoid fees. If Nano ever takes off as a
               | payment method, then you'd probably see e.g. large
               | grocery chains operating Nano nodes to avoid fees.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | Cool. But why not just use the nano technology with a
               | USD-backed currency instead?
               | 
               | Cut out all of the alternative currency speculation and
               | just let the technology do the work on people's money.
        
               | ketamine__ wrote:
               | Like USDC.
        
               | jcbrand wrote:
               | It looks to me like Nano will suffer from the free-rider
               | problem.
               | 
               | If Nano becomes an established currency, then a grocery
               | chain can just rely on the existing Nano nodes to process
               | its transactions (which will still be free), they don't
               | need to run their own node for it.
        
           | mshumi wrote:
           | Hardfork BTC to use Algorand consensus. Put stablecoins on
           | the same chain. See the magic happen.
        
           | lawn wrote:
           | We shouldn't forget that there are other cryptos that don't
           | have these ridiculous fees.
           | 
           | Also, your credit card pays you 2% because they extract a
           | larger fee from the merchant, who will raise prices to cover
           | that expense. So you're not really saving money.
        
             | warkdarrior wrote:
             | Will the merchants give me a 2+% discount and cover the BTC
             | transaction fee if I pay in Bitcoin?
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | One of the largest consumer electronics merchant in Japan
               | does give you a discount if you pay with bitcoin,
               | coincidentally.
        
               | sharedfrog wrote:
               | Intellimeds.net gives 8% off.
        
           | Mc_Big_G wrote:
           | No one wants to buy gold because the fees to move it are
           | currently around $100.
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | > My credit card pays me 2% to use it.
           | 
           | That's not how it really works, but you're right that $8 is a
           | pretty insane transaction fee.
        
           | vortico wrote:
           | Bitcoin is only good for large transactions, but there are
           | 1000000 cryptocurrencies that solve this problem such as BCH,
           | USDT, and LTC. Use one of them.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Honestly, why?
             | 
             | My credit card pays me 2% to use it.
             | 
             | If there's a problem with my transaction, I click some
             | buttons and the card company reversed the charges.
             | 
             | If I lose my card, I call them up and get another one
             | overnight without losing all my money.
             | 
             | Why would I give all of that up, pay exchange fees on both
             | ends of a transaction, pay transaction fees (however
             | small), and wait longer for my transactions to clear?
        
               | ahnick wrote:
               | Most people can't put >$20,000 on their credit card and
               | large money transfers over traditional financial
               | institutions (wires/ACH) at best take many hours or days.
        
               | rkangel wrote:
               | The parent comment is making a philosophical/ethical
               | point - there is a lot of power concentrated into two
               | private companies (Mastercard and Visa). They are the
               | gatekeepers to being able to take payments, without them
               | you can't have consumer income, and they make moral
               | judgements that make it hard to operate certain kinds of
               | (legal) businesses.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | Sure, but why not use a stablecoin cryptocurrency?
               | 
               | Why do we need to invent an all-new alternative currency
               | and asset class just to use these technologies? Why do I
               | have to invest in 1 of 1000s of altcoins just to
               | arbitrary change numbers in a shared ledger?
        
               | artificialLimbs wrote:
               | You can't get deplatformed from $whateverCoin like you
               | can with credit cards.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | exdsq wrote:
               | I regularly invoice internationally. I can get a crypto
               | payment through with a small transaction fee (a few cent
               | for $20k) which clears in ~5 minutes, or I can get a
               | payment that takes several days to clear with a larger
               | fee. Crypto works perfectly for me!
        
               | joosters wrote:
               | Or you could use any of the far cheaper options for
               | international payments (Transferwise, etc)... why do
               | cryptocurrency enthusiasts think that all international
               | payments need to be done via Western Union?
        
               | exdsq wrote:
               | That's a $7.50 charge, this is cheaper. I do however use
               | those methods if the client won't pay in crypto.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | I don't think anyone would argue that you should stop
               | using your credit card if it's working well for you and
               | you're very happy with it. But of course, credit card
               | companies are only solvent because on average they're
               | _not_ paying their users to use it. Miss one or two
               | bills, or make one big purchase that you wouldn 't have
               | without the credit line, and you'll likely wipe out all
               | the rewards you've "earned."
        
               | NoSorryCannot wrote:
               | Taking the bigger picture, those rewards and disputes
               | aren't free. These things get paid for by transaction
               | fees, cardholders that carry balances, and vendors taking
               | a loss. On the whole, prices for everything go up, but
               | people fortunate enough to have "good" credit cards get a
               | slight discount at the expense of those who don't.
               | 
               | I'm not necessarily saying this system is better or worse
               | than some alternative, just pointing out that it's not
               | all upside.
        
           | stblack wrote:
           | This is so ignorant. Please raise your game.
           | 
           | Bitcoin transaction fees are set by the sender. At least,
           | that's true if you aren't a nOOb and you control your own
           | wallet.
           | 
           | Transaction fees vary, at this very moment, between 1
           | satoshi/vbyte to 9,900 satoshi/vbyte. That range is 10^5. See
           | https://mempool.space/
           | 
           | Last week at this time, a tx could be placed in the very next
           | block for 13 sat/vbyte.
           | 
           | But sure, claim it's "$8". But it's better to educate
           | yourself before sprouting off like that.
           | 
           | With Bitcoin you pay the fees you want to pay. If you want
           | fast settlement, you pay more. If you want to pay next to
           | zero, you can do that too.
        
       | throwawaysea wrote:
       | The last thing I want is to help the MasterCard and Visa duopoly
       | persist, given how many times these companies have polices others
       | by instituting payment blocks on people like Wikileaks. I view
       | cryptocurrency as an alternative to the current financial system
       | and not something meant to be leveraged by these incumbents.
        
       | wayeq wrote:
       | a positive story about crypto? unleash the HN Boomer kraken!
        
       | Kiro wrote:
       | The public thinks Bitcoin is the currency of hackers.
       | Decentralized, technical, innovative and challenging the whole
       | financial backbone. In reality... We have threads like this.
       | Never seen so much hate for Bitcoin as on HN.
        
         | rantwasp wrote:
         | "People fear what they don't understand and hate what they
         | can't conquer."
         | 
         | Bitcoin itself may end up being worthless or being a fortune.
         | The block-chain technology is the revolutionary part that is
         | here to stay and will only continue to grow in the future.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | Bitcoin started as a fun distributed systems experiment.
         | 
         | It mutated into a sort of global pyramid scheme that consumes
         | >0.5% of the world's energy consumption to perform deliberately
         | useless calculations.
         | 
         | Modern bitcoin isn't even about blockchain. Most people just
         | put money in their exchange, click the exchange button, and
         | watch the number go up and down. Never even touches the
         | blockchain. It's all about speculation and convincing others to
         | become the next layer in the pyramid of hodlers.
         | 
         | Modern Bitcoin isn't about tech or distributed systems or
         | challenging the financial system (with $8 transaction fees that
         | go to mining companies and exchange fees that skim every
         | trade). It's been captured by the financial system and pumped
         | as a speculative investment, all so financial institutions and
         | giant mining operations can profit off of the frenzy.
        
       | f430 wrote:
       | This seems like a bad idea.
        
       | lupajz wrote:
       | Anybody kind here whou would explain me how is this different
       | from Binance card https://www.binance.com/en/cards ? Of course
       | Binance card is not available everywhere but excluding this
       | restriction these two are the same system, right ?
        
       | tboyd47 wrote:
       | It's important for people to read the actual press release:
       | https://mstr.cd/3tLaPZM There's good info here which will be new
       | info to many.
       | 
       | Why did they do this? It turns out that about a third of
       | Nigerians report using or holding cryptocurrency (!).
       | https://www.statista.com/chart/18345/crypto-currency-adoptio...
       | Second place are Vietnam and the Phillipines. For all, the #1
       | reason was for remittances.
       | 
       | Haven't we all had it drilled into our heads by CNBC and the
       | likes that crypto was nothing but a big speculative bubble?
       | Woops, I guess that was a big lie.
       | 
       | > Users will also benefit from Wirex's Cryptoback(tm) rewards
       | program, which automatically gives customers up to 1.5% back in
       | Bitcoin for every purchase made in-store.
       | 
       | It does appear that they will support transfers to external
       | wallets (!), contrary to what has been claimed elsewhere in this
       | thread -> https://wirexapp.com/help/article/how-do-i-transfer-
       | cryptocu...
       | 
       | The card is not yet available to US customers, although,
       | apparently it is in the works -> https://news.bitcoin.com/wirex-
       | launching-us-after-receiving-...
        
         | nexthash wrote:
         | Set this chart to "all" and tell me that this price movement is
         | not a bubble. There is no earthly reason for why a "BitCoin" is
         | worth $47,459.66 as of this post.
         | 
         | https://www.coindesk.com/price/bitcoin
         | 
         | Cryptocurrency adoption in 3rd world countries like Nigeria,
         | Vietnam, and the Philippines is not a good thing. It's actually
         | really sad, because it means they cannot rely on or trust their
         | country's currency. Therefore, they are forced to place bets in
         | a volatile and dangerous game to keep their life savings. If
         | Bitcoin or Ethereum or Dogecoin go bust, they will still lose
         | everything, because there is no trust, recourse, or regulation
         | tolerated in a decentralized system. Well, not much worse than
         | their home country's currency, I guess.
        
       | chenster wrote:
       | FOMO
        
       | suikadayo wrote:
       | Everyone on this thread seems to be missing the point that
       | they'll be working with stablecoins on Ethereum and other smart
       | contracts chains, and not Bitcoin.
        
         | glsdfgkjsklfj wrote:
         | Not even that. they will likely implement their own private-
         | ledger-per-country system. The press release mention only one
         | market that is currently trading via informal SMS and WAP bank
         | apps with little access to actual money, so why not remove the
         | money entirely?
        
           | glsdfgkjsklfj wrote:
           | here's the "source" (source mentioned on the MC pressrelesed
           | which is the source of the article) of which
           | "cryptocurrencies" they are considering
           | https://www.statista.com/chart/18345/crypto-currency-
           | adoptio...
           | 
           | notice how they clump "cryptocurrency" with "digital
           | currencies" as the same thing.
        
         | Sargos wrote:
         | Hacker News is still trying to grasp Bitcoin so I feel like
         | Ethereum is going to take another few years to even begin
         | productive discussions.
        
           | seibelj wrote:
           | HN should have been on the cutting edge of crypto, given its
           | "hacker" supposed ethos, but a large group of no-coiners
           | couldn't understand it and have posted the same tired
           | arguments ad nauseum for years.
           | 
           | There are a lot of people on HN who love and support crypto
           | but the arguments are exhausting and you get nothing but
           | downvotes. All of my friends and family I convinced to buy
           | and hold have been texting me how I changed their lives. It's
           | just so sad to see what this website did to engineers who
           | normally have open minds but were convinced to hate crypto.
        
             | whitepaint wrote:
             | I've read many good arguments against cryptos here. If 80%
             | drop happens within the next month, nobody really would be
             | surprised. Cryptos can still easily fail. I hold Ether
             | (just it) because what they are doing is really
             | extraordinary but gazillion things might go wrong with it,
             | Bitcoin, and others.
        
               | lifty wrote:
               | Do you think the code will fail, the consensus model, or
               | there are no uses cases? If you have concerns about this
               | I would love to hear them.
               | 
               | But if you are only afraid that the price can fall 90%,
               | then who cares? Let it fall, there is too much hype
               | anyway, to the point it has created great division
               | between coiners and no-coiners. For example, the 2001
               | stock market crash, it cleared out projects based on
               | fluff and the rest continued to build. I would reckon we
               | would see a similar dynamic now, but probably with faster
               | market cycles.
        
               | whitepaint wrote:
               | 2 most likely possibilities imo: some huge vulnerability
               | that has not yet been found, and something much much
               | better coming out.
        
               | lifty wrote:
               | Sure, vulnerabilities and bugs can happen. They get fixed
               | and people move on. Something much better coming out is
               | not an existential risk for the cryptocurrency/blockchain
               | space, quite the opposite, it's very positive.
        
               | whitepaint wrote:
               | Is it positive for Bitcoin if Ethereum proves that POS is
               | way way superior? And if people actually start using
               | Ether as a currency in shops, start using it with many
               | dapps etc.? What if something much better than that comes
               | up? Are you absolutely sure Bitcoin survives in the long-
               | term?
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | Ask yourself: What drives the price increase? Are people
               | buying because they expect to use Bitcoin? Or because
               | they expect the price will go up?
               | 
               | If it's the latter, it's a self-reinforcing cycle: The
               | price goes up because people buy. People buy because the
               | price goes up.
               | 
               | So what happens when the popular narrative switches? What
               | happens when the price goes down for years at a time and
               | people watch their money dwindle? Will people wait around
               | for the price to skyrocket again? Or will they see their
               | friends getting rich in altcoins or meme stocks or NFT
               | trading cards and sell their BTC to get in on the next
               | hot trend?
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | The price did go down for about a couple years and here
               | we are today. I think if anything people are more likely
               | to buy the dips and see it as a buying opportunity rather
               | than a reason to.
               | 
               | So what drives the increase in price? Many reasons.
               | Because it's going up? Sure, that's accounts for some.
               | It's a store of value against a government that printed
               | 22% of all dollars ever created last year? Yeah. In a
               | world that seems increasingly chaotic and unpredictable
               | in places that always seemed stable it is attractive
               | because it's a global store of value that can be tapped
               | if you ever have to flee? Sure.
               | 
               | I think these are just a few reasons why it's going up in
               | value. It's quite scarce and everyone knows the rules and
               | no one controls it. Not a government, a corporation, or a
               | person. So yeah, it can and probably will take hits but I
               | think in the long run it's just a thing that makes a lot
               | of sense to more and more people as part of a well
               | diversified portfolio.
        
             | grapehut wrote:
             | I think a lot of it is just people not wanting to admit
             | they were wrong. It's far easier to double down. I remember
             | almost being convinced by patio11 that bitcoin was stupid
             | and dumping it at like $30, but thankfully didn't. Now I
             | get a bit of a kick out seeing him come out of the
             | woodworks when ever bitcoin or tether hits a hiccup
             | gloating how they were right!
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Bitcoin was all over the news a decade ago.
             | 
             | The reason it's not popular is that the early narrative
             | wasn't "too the moon!" The narrative was that Bitcoin was
             | the currency of the future and that we'd all be using
             | Bitcoin for transactions.
             | 
             | Anyone who actually used Bitcoin at the time could see how
             | there was no chance of it taking off as a payment
             | mechanism. That's still true today, especially with $8+
             | transaction fees.
             | 
             | The difference is that everyone dropped the pretense of
             | actually using bitcoin and instead went all-in on the
             | speculation narrative. People buy it because the price goes
             | up, and the price goes up because people buy it.
             | 
             | Works great until a down cycle, when everyone rushes for
             | the exits and tells themselves they'll buy back in at a
             | lower price.
             | 
             | > All of my friends and family I convinced to buy and hold
             | have been texting me how I changed their lives.
             | 
             | Changed their lives how? By revolutionizing the way they
             | pay for things with cryptocurrency? Or by getting in on an
             | investment that went up?
             | 
             | Be warned that the exact opposite happens when Bitcoin goes
             | back down. Look back at Reddit posts during previous
             | crashes for a reminder: Suicide hotline warnings, stories
             | about people losing half of their retirement, and so on.
             | 
             | If the only redeeming quality of Bitcoin is that the price
             | goes up as more people get in on it, it's hardly different
             | than an MLM or pyramid scheme that relies on a constant
             | influx of new money to keep the show going.
        
           | supersour wrote:
           | I think the more productive sentiment would be to try and
           | have a more in depth discussion about Ethereum instead of
           | attacking HN ad-hominem.
           | 
           | So, as someone who doesn't know much about crypto aside from
           | "it's bitcoin!", please tell me, what advantage do
           | stablecoins/Ethereum provide that fixes the problems
           | presented with bitcoin? I actually want to learn more.
           | 
           | I would be interested to know about the volatility
           | specifically and also if these currencies are less
           | susceptible to a 51% attack or a fork.
        
             | chizhik-pyzhik wrote:
             | Stablecoins are a way to use the Ethereum network (or
             | another blockchain) to send value that is pegged to the US
             | dollar. There are a lot of stablecoins now (USDC, DAI,
             | USDT) and they have various mechanisms for staying pegged
             | to the dollar, some more effective than others.
             | 
             | Using stablecoins allows you the advantages of the Ethereum
             | network (interoperability with ethereum loan platforms and
             | other smart contracts) without having to be concerned with
             | the price of ETH.
             | 
             | Stablecoins have the same level of security as their
             | underlying blockchain. To double-spend ethereum-based
             | stablecoins you need to 51% attack Ethereum itself.
        
         | janaagaard wrote:
         | > hey'll be working with stablecoins on Ethereum and other
         | smart contracts chains, and not Bitcoin.
         | 
         | Interesting, but where do you get that from?
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | Given their volatility and lack of a derivatives market to drive
       | liquidity, I wonder what the banking capitalization requirements
       | for crypto-currencies will be.
       | 
       | I can see the argument of "it's just another currency for
       | exchange, how is this hard," but the difference today is it's
       | super high volatility, without a rescue facility, and given
       | bitcoin's public ledger of every bad person who has ever owned
       | it, it is arguably less fungible than cash because MC would have
       | to track the provenance of every block it had on its books.
       | 
       | Your mastercard probably won't be a bitcoin wallet either due to
       | card chip capabilities, and I'd bet heavily they will just
       | support it as another virtual currency and do your real bitcoin
       | settlement asynchronously on their back end in a hypothecated and
       | risk-managed form, and even then it will be a private ledger with
       | their bitcoin capital levels levered way up.
       | 
       | IMO, the entire levered business model and capitalization
       | requirements when applied to cryptos sets banks up for the
       | squeeze to end all squeezes, like when countries demand delivery
       | of their physical gold from bullion banks and it creates
       | political instability, except next time it will be 4chan
       | organizing to get delivery of their bitcoin. For an issuer to act
       | as a bank maintaining a float of cryptocurrencies to facilitate
       | settlement seems like a super interesting hard problem.
       | 
       | Edit: this will probably be handled by reserving the right to pay
       | you in bonds or IoUs instead of bitcoin, just like paper gold and
       | silver today, which reduces the usefulness of doing your BTC
       | payments through them in the first place.
        
         | 3np wrote:
         | CME has derivates. As do several other exchanges. Some argue
         | that the derivates are actually part of driving price movements
         | these days, but it's not the consensus yet.
         | 
         | Interesting take, BTW - I don't see it as impossible. There's
         | some possibility this is the greatest trojan horse ever (unless
         | it was just inevitable just like the internet was).
        
       | purple_ferret wrote:
       | What exactly does this mean?
       | 
       | Basically what Visa is doing by facilitating the Coinbase card or
       | something more involved?
        
       | maceurt wrote:
       | I am not big on cryptocurrency. Look how the price of these
       | "currencies" fluctuate like crazy, because people buy and treat
       | it like an investment. What is the actual current practical
       | utility of cryptocurrency except for buying/selling illegal
       | things online? People are so horny to get in on the next
       | computer/iphone/etc that they forget that new ideas can fail.
        
         | nemo44x wrote:
         | A store of value protected from (and even a beneficiary of)
         | government mismanagement, central bank mismanagement, corporate
         | mismanagement, etc.
         | 
         | Because we are forced to generally keep our wealth in things
         | susceptible to political influence it's nice to have a place to
         | store value away from that.
         | 
         | My homes value can be wrecked by a variety of government or
         | central bank policies. Same with my equities and bonds. So
         | having a part of your wealth in BTC is frugal as a protection
         | from these things. It is outside the scope of these influences.
        
           | maceurt wrote:
           | > A store of value protected from (and even a beneficiary of)
           | government mismanagement, central bank mismanagement,
           | corporate mismanagement, etc.
           | 
           | Precious Gold/ Silver is way more adverse to risk than crypto
           | and actually exists as a physical good.
           | 
           | > My homes value can be wrecked by a variety of government or
           | central bank policies.
           | 
           | Crypto can be affected by those things also. I see the
           | utility in certain aspects, but I don't understand the gold
           | rush when there a lot better decentralized currencies.
        
             | nemo44x wrote:
             | Gold can be confiscated and actually has been in the past.
             | Also, it's easy to lose. I personally feel gold has less
             | value than a globally distributed proof of work and value
             | store. Saying that, at what point did I say you should buy
             | gold instead? By all means, hold both BTC and precious
             | metals as a part of a well diversified portfolio.
             | 
             | Maybe there are better decentralized currencies (that's a
             | matter of opinion) but there were better operating systems
             | than Windows. It's about mindshare.
             | 
             | Honestly, just look at BTC's performance over the last 10
             | years. It has been the #1 asset class by far.
        
           | zoover2020 wrote:
           | What if my government bans Bitcoin? Wouldn't that ruin the
           | whole picture? It feels like an unrelagated market, waiting
           | to be regulated
        
             | Acrobatic_Road wrote:
             | they can pass a law banning bitcoin; they can also ban the
             | tides from coming in.
        
         | solosoyokaze wrote:
         | There is a ton of utility in crypto. Here's one scenario I've
         | never seen discussed but is absolutely real:
         | 
         | Imagine you're an abused spouse or child who needs money to
         | escape their situation. Opening up a bank account isn't an
         | option for a lot of people, but _anyone_ can instantly open a
         | crypto  "account" and start stashing a nest egg away from the
         | prying eyes of their oppressors. Crypto is the only option for
         | this, and I've seen it successfully used like this multiple
         | times.
         | 
         | The existing banking system favors those in power and those in
         | good standing in the existing systems. If you're underage or
         | financially dependent on an abuse spouse, it's a lot more
         | obvious why you might want a way to store and transact money
         | outside of that system.
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | This scenario is hard to imagine being worth a trillion
           | dollars.
        
             | solosoyokaze wrote:
             | Think of it this way. How many people on earth can't easily
             | get a bank account (people under the age of 18 included)?
             | It's a huge number that suggests massive scale in that use-
             | case alone.
        
           | nmfisher wrote:
           | Where is this nest egg coming from?
        
             | solosoyokaze wrote:
             | Friends, supporters, paid work... an increasing number of
             | sources as more and more crypto infrastructure comes
             | online.
        
       | crazydoggers wrote:
       | There's always lots of bluster and comments about cryptocurrency
       | with things like this and not always much concrete information.
       | 
       | I think as a tech community here on HN we should try to focus on
       | why these changes are occurring so quickly and what the
       | repercussions are. Let's talk constructively about the risks and
       | opportunities more than we do about who's buying, who's selling,
       | on and on.... is it a bubble.. does it have value, etc etc.
       | Clearly it's here to stay and clearly large chunks of our economy
       | will soon be dealing with it.
       | 
       | So let's instead talk about constructive ways to move regulation
       | forward. Expand education and communication etc.
       | 
       | For instance I have a concern that we'll leave a large percentage
       | of people further behind as digital cryptocurrency becomes a
       | larger part of the economic system.
        
       | kseistrup wrote:
       | Wirex is gonna use this, AFAIK.
       | 
       | [?] https://wirexapp.com/
       | 
       | (Use https://wirexapp.com/r/kseistrup if you wanna sign up
       | through a referral link.)
        
       | randomopining wrote:
       | Bitcoin = store of value. Network effect is reducing the chance
       | of government intervention, as well as blockchain tail risks.
       | 
       | Getting 1 of the 21 million bitcoins is like decentralized proof
       | of saying "I had 48k worth of value in Feb 2021!"
       | 
       | It locks in the value that you created forever. Otherwise
       | governments will just keep printing money, and your value gets
       | diluted arbitrarily.
       | 
       | Assuming the mechanisms of protection for the blockchain holds,
       | it should work out exactly as that.
        
         | nexthash wrote:
         | Sorry to burst your bubble, but if a government wants to
         | prevent you from using a cryptocurrency it has many tools at
         | its disposal. Firstly, they control the ground upon which you
         | stand. If they don't like that you are using crypto, they will
         | simply arrest you and charge you with a newly-formed crime like
         | 'digital tax evasion'. Secondly, if they can't find who is
         | using crypto, they have the power to shut down the Internet or
         | simply censor requests. No ISP has the military force to
         | prevent a government from walking through the door and cutting
         | the cable.
         | 
         | Point is, as long as you are on their turf, you _will_ follow
         | their rules. Unless you want to make your own rules, in which
         | case you will have to fight the government, become the
         | government, and realize that having no control over a currency
         | being used in your turf can be really bad for you and your
         | citizens. You have no control over its value to at least try
         | keep the economy stable, and they will have nowhere to turn in
         | event of a financial crime or scam. No courts, no recourse, no
         | trust.
        
       | Consultant32452 wrote:
       | How long will it take before the float on networks like
       | Visa/Mastercard grant them the ability to perform 50% attacks on
       | the blockchain?
       | 
       | Note: I don't really understand how this all works, so if my
       | question is silly, I'd love to learn.
        
         | RealityVoid wrote:
         | There is not _a_ blockchain but multiple and on Bitcoin this
         | would not grant these payment processors any power to perform
         | 51% attacks. I think currently it is out of the power of one
         | single attacker to perform such a feat (maybe China?) And am
         | not sure if they would even want to if they could since they
         | would be very invested in the cosystem by that point. Overall,
         | I think BTC is extremely secure.
        
       | pragmaticCrypto wrote:
       | People often think crypto == bitcoin. I think there are 4
       | categories that people should think about: 1. Crypto as asset
       | class (BTC/ ETH) 2. Crypto for transactions - usually pegged to a
       | dollar or other fiat eg. USDC 3. Crypto as a utility/ asset
       | backed token - filecoin etc 4. fraud.
       | 
       | I think mastercard visa etc will focus on #2 above and it will
       | bring extremely powerful dynamic to these ecosystems
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | #2 (crypto transactions backed by traditional currency) is far
         | and away the most useful of these categories.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, it doesn't offer the speculative upside of
         | something like Bitcoin. People don't actually care if their
         | transactions are carried across a blockchain or a database, as
         | long as it gets done.
         | 
         | Bitcoin is hot specifically because it's so detached from any
         | real-world use cases or metrics that might put bounds on its
         | price. There's a narrative that because no one can determine an
         | upper limit for Bitcoin price, there's infinite upside. Of
         | course that narrative is no different than any other arbitrary
         | asset, but the Bitcoin narrative is strong because it's been in
         | the news so much.
        
           | qqii wrote:
           | Pegged tokens like USDC and USDC can still be used to
           | speculate in DeFi platform like AAVE with pretty lucrative
           | returns.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Where do the returns come from?
             | 
             | Does the interest return come from actual investments? Or
             | is it paid forward by newcomers? The latter is the literal
             | definition of a ponzi scheme.
             | 
             | There's no free lunch when it comes to generating interest.
        
               | qqii wrote:
               | It is as the other commenter said, returns come from
               | other people borrowing collateral and paying interest on
               | it.
               | 
               | It may also interest you to know that AAVE was granted an
               | Electronic Money Institution license by the U.K.
               | Financial Conduct Authority (https://register.fca.org.uk/
               | s/firm?id=0010X00004U9vVAQAZ).
        
               | rodiger wrote:
               | Borrowers pay more than lenders. You get a cut of those
               | fees as interest. There's risk there of course, but it
               | isn't magic money or a ponzi.
        
       | 0xcb0 wrote:
       | I'm pretty sure Mastercard did know that there are a lot of CC
       | companies that already use crypto. And they just want to get a
       | share of that pie. And if they do it now, their share can still
       | be enormous. If they just take the same percentage the use now
       | for traditional payments, the will get a lot of exposure to
       | crypto. And they might speculate that the whole sector will grow
       | over the next X years. And just them onboarding, will make it
       | more likely for this to happen.
       | 
       | I use a crypto backed cc since nearly 1 year. It's NOT that you
       | are paying in crypto, you still have to convert the coins to a
       | stable currency and the top up your card with it. There are cards
       | that 'make it look' like you are paying in crypto. But the do the
       | same thing in the background.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | PragmaticPulp wrote:
       | These stories usually spur more enthusiasm for buying
       | cryptocurrency, but ironically those buyers aren't interested in
       | spending cryptocurrency using their MasterCard.
       | 
       | They're hoping other people will buy cryptocurrency from these
       | announcements, driving the price up. Or, more likely, they're
       | just hoping other people will buy cryptocurrency and _not_ use it
       | in these spending systems.
       | 
       | Spending cryptocurrency would result in selling that
       | cryptocurrency, which would drive the price down. That's not what
       | cryptocurrency investors actually want.
       | 
       | Should also note that MasterCard crypto transactions almost
       | certainly won't be settled on the blockchain. Not with $8 Bitcoin
       | transaction fees. They'll just be denominated in cryptocurrency
       | and people can deposit/withdraw in certain cryptocurrencies.
       | MasterCard only needs to buy and sell on the blockchain as needed
       | to provide an FX window. The actual transactions would be stored
       | in traditional database systems (aside from customer
       | deposits/withdrawals, just like Coinbase)
       | 
       | Why? Because MasterCard would get to act as an exchange and
       | collect exchange fees. Exchange fees are a great way to charge
       | consumers for spending their own money in 2021, when normal
       | credit cards actually pay people 1-2% to use them.
       | Cryptocurrency's inefficiency is their financial upside.
        
         | runeks wrote:
         | > Should also note that MasterCard crypto transactions almost
         | certainly won't be settled on the blockchain. Not with $8
         | Bitcoin transaction fees.
         | 
         | They could easily settle merchant balances on the blockchain.
         | An $8 fee is nothing compared to the revenue of a merchant.
         | 
         | Assuming e.g. a 1.5% credit card fee, a merchant pays $8 in
         | fees when receiving ~$500 in payments.
        
           | Consultant32452 wrote:
           | It won't take long before Visa/MasterCard either adopt the
           | Lightning network or create their own layer-2 service to
           | alleviate transaction fees.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Why would they use any blockchain when they could get the
             | same job done with a database and legal agreements, like
             | they have been doing for decades?
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | If you send me bitcoin in exchange for a widget, I'm
               | eventually going to want to spend that bitcoin and I may
               | not be doing that on the Visa network. At some point they
               | have to offload those transactions back to the blockchain
               | so the coins can actually get to my wallet.
               | 
               | If they go the DB route as you suggest, they would
               | basically be creating Visa Bucks, backed by bitcoin
               | (which they'd have to buy), that can only be spent on the
               | Visa network.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | > At some point they have to offload those transactions
               | back to the blockchain so the coins can actually get to
               | my wallet.
               | 
               | The vast majority of Bitcoin exchange participants choose
               | to keep their coins in the exchange, not their own
               | personal wallet.
               | 
               | > If they go the DB route as you suggest, they would
               | basically be creating Visa Bucks, backed by bitcoin
               | (which they'd have to buy), that can only be spent on the
               | Visa network.
               | 
               | Every exchange uses a DB backend.
               | 
               | They only engage with the blockchain when someone
               | performs a withdrawal to another institution that they
               | don't have an agreement with, such as when you withdraw
               | to your wallet.
               | 
               | And you will pay the transaction fees for that blockchain
               | interaction ($8+ currently). If you're not paying
               | transaction fees for other operations on their platform,
               | it's clearly not touching the blockchain.
               | 
               | Every exchange operates this way. It isn't a new concept.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | You're ignoring the consumer's transaction fee for making the
           | purchase in the first place. Who pays that?
           | 
           | Even if you turn this into a credit card that a consumer pays
           | off once a month, how many consumers want to pay $8 for the
           | privilege of paying their credit card bill?
           | 
           | Also, $8 is just the current transaction fee, with virtually
           | zero vendors accepting Bitcoin. If Bitcoin became popular,
           | the transaction fees would become prohibitively expensive.
           | The transaction fees have been in the $60 range before, and
           | that's still before any widespread vendor adoption.
           | 
           | Bitcoin isn't usable for transactions at scale. It's by
           | design. Bitcoin has rejected proposals to increase the block
           | size. Bitcoin holders don't want anyone doing anything with
           | Bitcoin other than holding it
        
             | 14 wrote:
             | Wouldn't MC just buy thousands of BitCoins then just keep
             | track of how many they owe you and not actually interact
             | with the block chain every time?
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | Yes, that was my point in the higher comment:
               | 
               | > Should also note that MasterCard crypto transactions
               | almost certainly won't be settled on the blockchain
               | 
               | This is just an exchange service where Mastercard
               | collects exchange fees, in the same way that PayPal
               | offers cryptocurrency payments.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | soheil wrote:
         | > Spending cryptocurrency would result in selling that
         | cryptocurrency, which would drive the price down. That's not
         | what cryptocurrency investors actually want.
         | 
         | Is this necessarily true? If you have a merchant that accepts
         | cryptocurrency why would that drive down the price? (e.g. Tesla
         | [1])
         | 
         | [1] https://www.cnbc.com/2021/02/08/tesla-
         | buys-1point5-billion-i...
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | What do you vendors do with any of the money you pay them?
           | 
           | They spend it on paying employees and buying raw materials.
           | It's getting spent (sold) one way or another.
           | 
           | Tesla is no exception.
        
             | soheil wrote:
             | It requires a network-effect for it to work, if more and
             | more vendors accept crypto then how is that fundamentally
             | different that fiat currency to buy raw materials and pay
             | employees with?
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | In a hypothetically pure Bitcoin economy, that could
               | work. But If we all switched to Bitcoin, the speculative
               | upside would be exhausted and we'd be stuck with all of
               | Bitcoin's flaws and limitations. If you think $8
               | transaction fees are high now, how bad do you think it
               | will be if every transaction was suddenly a Bitcoin
               | transaction? Trick question, because Bitcoin has hard
               | used block size limitations and it literally cannot
               | support transactions at scale. By design.
               | 
               | With the speculative upside removed, why would anyone
               | choose to use Bitcoin? Why Bitcoin over any other
               | cryptocurrency with significantly better technology?
        
               | soheil wrote:
               | I don't understand why you're assuming we need a pure
               | Bitcoin economy for there to be a network effect. If
               | sufficient number of vendors accept Bitcoin that will be
               | enough to create a network effect. Once you have a
               | network effect with a size less than the size of the
               | entire economy there will always be upside to own Bitcoin
               | since that size can continue to grow.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | I don't understand why you're assuming companies would
               | willingly choose to use Bitcoin over banking
               | alternatives.
               | 
               | Even companies who transact in Bitcoin generally won't be
               | sending Bitcoin blockchain transactions on the blockchain
               | with all of the associated fees, not to mention risks of
               | keeping your company's money in a computer program where
               | a rogue employee or hacker could simply embezzle the
               | money instantly and irreversibly. They'd use banking
               | services, which would handle the transactions for them
               | off the blockchain (charging exchange fees as
               | appropriate).
               | 
               | Not to mention: Using Bitcoin as a currency only sounds
               | good in times when the price is going up. As soon as it
               | starts becoming volatile again (it will) everyone
               | remembers that maybe it's not a great idea to keep your
               | company's funds tied up in one of the most volatile
               | currencies of all time.
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | > maybe it's not a great idea to keep your company's
               | funds tied up in one of the most volatile currencies of
               | all time.
               | 
               | and they will have bought put options or sold futures or
               | created a collar
               | 
               | going to have to leave that argument in _last_ decade
               | when these options weren 't available, and educate
               | companies that are ignorant in how hedging works
        
               | soheil wrote:
               | Oh I don't know let me list a few:                 *
               | International transactions easier than regular currencies
               | * No third-party seizure       * Security and control
               | (user autonomy)       * Anonymity, privacy and no
               | tracking (just make sure your wallet ID is not to your
               | personal ID)       * No risk of chargebacks (better for
               | vendors)       * Transparent and neutral (how much did
               | you trust banks in 2008?)
               | 
               | You may not value some of the above and indeed some
               | vendors may not, but I don't think you can say that is
               | true about everyone.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | In practice, companies have zero desire to be their own
               | banks.
               | 
               | The liability would be massive, and the risk of a rogue
               | employee walking away with the private keys is just too
               | high. It's a two-edged sword: Those same upsides are just
               | as attractive to potential embezzlers as they are to
               | honest companies.
               | 
               | In an era where we hear about database breaches and
               | security incidents on a daily basis, do you honestly
               | believe that companies would do better by operating their
               | own cryptocurrency wallets?
               | 
               | So what happens in practice? Companies would still use
               | banking services, just like they always have. Banks would
               | "hold" the cryptocurrency and handle transactions for
               | them.
        
           | nhumrich wrote:
           | because price is currently calculated similar to how stocks
           | are calculated. While not entirely accurate, it essentially
           | goes down when there are more sellers than buyers, and up
           | when there are buyers but little sellers. What drives prices
           | up, is more people buying than selling at market rate, which
           | requires the market rate to go up, in order to find more
           | sellers.
        
             | soheil wrote:
             | Exchanging != selling cryptocurrency
             | 
             | If I buy a Tesla with bitcoin and Tesla keeps recirculating
             | the same bitcoin or at least majority of it to purchase raw
             | material without selling it why does that must drive down
             | the price of bitcoin?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | PretzelPirate wrote:
         | I'm in the minority in that I'd like to be able to spend my
         | cryptocurrency in a way that:
         | 
         | 1. The card handles also selling some off for taxes every
         | transaction and put that in an interest-accruing account.
         | 
         | 2. The card tracked my capital gains for each transaction for
         | easy reporting on taxes.
         | 
         | 3. The card provider will help manage fees - I'd rather bulk
         | deposit funds to a layer2 and have fee-less payments over
         | having to wonder what the current network fee is.
         | 
         | I'd prefer if it wasn't MasterCard since I use Visa cards, but
         | I can't complain too much.
         | 
         | The reason I want this is that I have a lot of money in
         | cryptocurrencies and I'd rather not sell them into other assets
         | at the moment.
        
           | ValentineC wrote:
           | > _I'd prefer if it wasn't MasterCard since I use Visa cards,
           | but I can't complain too much._
           | 
           | I'm curious: is this because your preferred bank mainly
           | issues Visa cards, or are there things about MasterCard that
           | you don't like?
        
             | PretzelPirate wrote:
             | My bank mainly issues Visa cards. I've had multiple cards
             | throughout my life, and I've never had a master card
             | before.
             | 
             | I'd like to just add this feature to my existing cards that
             | I already have set up for payments.
             | 
             | Completely off topic:
             | 
             | What I really want in life is:
             | 
             | 1. If I could have a virtual credit card that could act as
             | a proxy card and would let me use different cards based on
             | the items I was purchasing (ex: if I'm getting gas, one of
             | my credit cards may give better rewards)
             | 
             | 2. A virtual mailing address that would resolve to my
             | current address when used with any shipping provider. I
             | move every few years and hate mail forwarding and updating
             | my address everywhere.
        
               | throwaway1777 wrote:
               | Settle down and have kids. Your problems will be solved.
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | Not necessarily if one works for a firm that moves you
               | every few years. My family and I have lived in 5 cities
               | in the past six years, due to changing work assignments.
        
           | PKop wrote:
           | How is this not solved by simply selling portions into fiat
           | that cover expected spending needs, i.e. budgeting, and then
           | transferring to bank account which is tied to your current
           | credit card?
           | 
           | "Spending" and "transacting" is a solved problem, namely fiat
           | and credit.
           | 
           | Why do crypto-assets, specifically Bitcoin, need to solve
           | this problem?
        
           | Slartie wrote:
           | > 1. The card handles also selling some off for taxes every
           | transaction and put that in an interest-accruing account.
           | 
           | > 2. The card tracked my capital gains for each transaction
           | for easy reporting on taxes.
           | 
           | How should it ever do that? It would basically have to limit
           | you to spend Bitcoin that you acquired over that exact same
           | card (like when you buy Bitcoin via PayPal) and that you hold
           | in a virtual wallet provided by that card network operator.
           | Otherwise they'd be unable to tell how many $ you paid to
           | acquire the Bitcoin you just spent.
           | 
           | As a related question: how comfortable would you be with a
           | cryptocurrency-backed electronic payment card that would
           | require you to keep your Bitcoin in the wallet of
           | Visa/MasterCard/whatever (or their associated banks or crypto
           | custodians) in order to spend them?
        
             | oillio wrote:
             | You could enter your basis when you transfer coins into the
             | account.
             | 
             | This is how it works with other assets. If you transfer
             | stocks between brokerage accounts, they communicate the
             | basis as well.
        
             | jkepler wrote:
             | > Otherwise they'd be unable to tell how many $ you paid to
             | acquire the Bitcoin you just spent.
             | 
             | This is a massive reconciliation and record keeping
             | overhead problem if you live in a jurisdiction that taxes
             | crypto transactions for capital gains/losses. Michael
             | Saylor said just recently in his interview with What
             | Bitcoin Did that MicroStrategy plans to only use bitcoin as
             | a treasury reserve asset and not as a transactional
             | currency precisely because of the record keeping overhead.
        
           | dillondoyle wrote:
           | Yikes. I was going to reply this is my biggest
           | question/concern.
           | 
           | Cap Gains on btc profit is crazy insane. I guess it's offset
           | if value increases 100% since you bought - but that's still a
           | big tax tax on anything you buy.
           | 
           | Maybe you can get lucky and set some type of tax advantage
           | first in first out during down swings to take a loss?
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | Well...
         | 
         | Cryptocurrency people are hoping for all sort of things...
         | that's part of why enthusiasm can be currently quantified at a
         | $1trn.
         | 
         | While I'm sure you're right for most of the current bets
         | (bitcoin owners are long, after all), there's something to be
         | said for blind, dumb momentum. Connecting more people &
         | financial nodes to the network, however disintermediated, for
         | whatever reason.
         | 
         | Maybe the "mastercard model" of denominating in bitcoin and
         | clearing yourself in dollars is an early version of how bitcoin
         | transaction costs actually get to normal. That's not unlike how
         | stocks, bonds, forex & such are exchanged.
         | 
         | I know. I know. Irony. Inevitable though, I think. Pretty much
         | all currency & currency-like stuff gets moved around through
         | clearing houses. Direct blockchain transactions are the
         | theoretically ultimate transaction in the same way that NYSE
         | transactions are theoretically ultimate. Actual stock
         | transactions generally happen within a broker, the broker's
         | broker or whoever else is between them and the actual stock
         | market. The logic is similar.
         | 
         | TLDR... People are giddy or hypocritical because they're long
         | (or short) on bitcoin. That doesn't mean that momentum isn't
         | momentum.
        
         | systemvoltage wrote:
         | What's the point of an unstable, volatile, frantically
         | manipulated currency that is susceptible to social media pump
         | and dump schemes (Elon + Doge)?
         | 
         | Currency and its exchange rate needs to be relatively stable
         | for the world to put trust into it. Saying that BTC is stable,
         | but the rest of the world's fiat currency is fluctuating makes
         | no sense.
         | 
         | US dollar provides stability and security, I feel confident
         | that a cappuccino will cost me $4. Crypto's volatility deters
         | me from using it, simply put. There is no buffer that you would
         | have with a Treasury. Converting from BTC to coffee makes BTC
         | exchange rate go down.
        
           | fouldiplomacy wrote:
           | "unstable, volatile, frantically manipulated currency" --
           | this is often the case with any news, not just "pump and
           | dump" schemes. Take the Chinese CNY. The CCP have been
           | undervaluing it for years for the purpose of attracting
           | business.
           | 
           | the USD is very much subject to social media and traditional
           | news manipulation. When the US decides it wants a stimulus
           | package or other types of debt, it drives down the dollar's
           | value. Granted the US is good about making payments to
           | creditors, i.e bonds, it is not immune to fluctuation.
           | 
           | It is sad but the way of the dollar is slipping and the
           | global demand currency. It is slowly being replaced by the
           | CNY and other market demands.
           | 
           | Lastly, the Treasury does not control the dollar. It the
           | Foreign exchange markets. (https://www.fool.com/knowledge-
           | center/who-determines-the-val...)
        
             | barrenko wrote:
             | By Austrian economics- you can have stable prices OR stable
             | money. We are being scammed for the last 100 hundred years,
             | and the price volatility one sees in Bitcoin et al. is
             | precisely the reflection of actual supply and demand
             | constantly battling it out on the marketplace.
             | 
             | The fact that dollar or euro seem stable is only possible
             | with the violent tempering of national banks and the like
             | of IMF. They only _seem_ stable.
             | 
             | Money as a measure of value for other goods is something
             | that is crashing constantly and will continue to do so
             | until we let go of of the crazy attempt to do so.
             | 
             | *no intended for you personally, just a good place to plug
             | my two cents (pun intended)
             | 
             | I'd advise anyone to read some Mises or the Dao of Capital
             | by Spitznagel, the book is whip smart and applicable to
             | basically any endeavour.
        
             | mdtusz wrote:
             | USD price does fluctuate and inflate over time yes, but the
             | difference is that this is essentially an invisible effect
             | on day to day life for anyone that is not doing forex
             | trading.
             | 
             | The reason the US dollar is "stable" is partially due to
             | the fact that it is backed by the US government. It is a
             | requirement that businesses operating in the US accept
             | payment in US dollars. Until somewhere mandates that
             | bitcoin _must_ be accepted, it will never truly be a
             | currency, the same way that gold is not a currency, and the
             | same way that wheat, or potash, or shares in GME is not a
             | currency.
             | 
             | There's also a concept of "sticky" prices that most
             | economists are quite familiar with - this assists in
             | keeping the price of a coffee stable, whether or not
             | technophiles accept it or not. Even if the price of the US
             | dollar fell by 50% today, your coffee would still cost you
             | around $2 or $3 tomorrow (assuming the coffee shop was even
             | open).
        
               | ggreer wrote:
               | > It is a requirement that businesses operating in the US
               | accept payment in US dollars.
               | 
               | People and businesses in the US have to pay the US
               | government in US dollars, but there's no law requiring
               | that a business accept any particular currency.[1][2]
               | 
               | That said, if you do try to make your own currency, the
               | feds will find some way to shut you down.[3]
               | 
               | 1. https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/currency_12772.htm
               | 
               | 2. https://www.treasury.gov/resource-
               | center/faqs/Currency/Pages...
               | 
               | 3.
               | https://www.forbes.com/sites/nathanlewis/2017/04/18/what-
               | is-...
        
           | kungito wrote:
           | But did you ever wonder where the stability of USD comes
           | from? It all comes down to how big the transaction volume of
           | your currency is. Things like "Petrodollar" https://en.wikipe
           | dia.org/wiki/Petrodollar_recycling#Petrodol... increase the
           | volume and provide additional stability. As "market cap" of
           | bitcoin increases, so does the stability. All things
           | considered, bitcoin still is very bad because of the
           | transaction throughput which still remains an unsolved
           | problem. I don't see how arbitrage can happen on the price if
           | the transactions are so expensive. I guess BTC will end up
           | living in the various exchange siloses
        
             | ardy42 wrote:
             | > But did you ever wonder where the stability of USD comes
             | from? It all comes down to how big the transaction volume
             | of your currency is.
             | 
             | I don't think it's that simple. Transaction volume doesn't
             | just appear from nowhere.
             | 
             | IMHO, the stability of the US dollar mainly comes from the
             | geopolitical & economic position of the US coupled with
             | trust that its government won't totally mismanage it.
             | Bitcoin has neither of those things and never will.
        
               | centimeter wrote:
               | > Transaction volume doesn't just appear from nowhere.
               | 
               | Indeed, it takes time to bootstrap a currency. That's why
               | it's absurd to expect Bitcoin to be stable when it's less
               | than 10% the market cap of any other significant reserve
               | asset, and may plausibly keep increasing its dominance in
               | the reserve asset market.
               | 
               | > Bitcoin has neither of those things and never will.
               | 
               | I disagree - I trust much more strongly that Bitcoin will
               | not be mismanaged than the USD, because bitcoin is
               | governed by very simple and utile rules that are
               | practically impossible to change, whereas the USD can be
               | and has been inflated substantially.
               | 
               | I don't think your first point (the economic position of
               | the US) is as important as you think, especially as
               | Bitcoin comes to be the reserve asset of a larger and
               | larger set of productive economic actors.
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | > I disagree - I trust much more strongly that Bitcoin
               | will not be mismanaged than the USD, because bitcoin is
               | governed by very simple and utile rules that are
               | practically impossible to change, whereas the USD can be
               | and has been inflated substantially.
               | 
               | Following fixed, unchanging rules is kind of the opposite
               | of being managed, let alone well-managed.
               | 
               | > ...especially as Bitcoin comes to be the reserve asset
               | of a larger and larger set of productive economic actors.
               | 
               | "If" not "as": that hasn't happened yet and it's quite
               | likely that it won't happen.
        
               | centimeter wrote:
               | For a monetary asset, being "managed" is a liability.
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | > For a monetary asset, being "managed" is a liability.
               | 
               | I'm not so sure of that. For instance: Bitcoin isn't
               | money, but something that people hoard and speculate on.
               | If it was more actively managed, its parameters could
               | perhaps have been tweaked until it started actually
               | acting more like money.
        
             | strangeattractr wrote:
             | I've always wondered why people are so obsessed with
             | petrodollar recycling? The USD has been a global reserve
             | currency since the 1920s and superseded the GBP completely
             | post-Bretton Woods. The petrodollar mechanism is not what
             | caused the USD to be stable nor a safe haven asset. It's
             | because the US has strong property rights, deep and liquid
             | capital markets, a large and diverse economy and most
             | importantly is willing to absorb the financial flows
             | associated with being the reserve currency (mercantilist
             | economies will not accept the appreciation these bring).
        
             | rokobobo wrote:
             | Did you mean "market share" (as in, notional share of all
             | transactions) as opposed to "market cap" (as in, the sum of
             | all bitcoin supply, multiplied by the current price)?
        
           | janoside wrote:
           | What's the point, you ask...
           | 
           | Here is Ross Stevens, CEO of Stone Ridge Asset Management,
           | describing "the point" for an hour:
           | 
           | https://www.microstrategy.com/en/bitcoin/videos/bitcoin-
           | macr...
           | 
           | It sounds like you've made up your mind about Bitcoin, but I
           | believe you've missed the big picture. The above video, if
           | you watch it with an open mind, will help you to glimpse it.
           | Hint: it's not about cappuccino, it's about living in a world
           | of competitively devaluing currencies and resulting asset
           | inflation.
        
             | BTCOG wrote:
             | These people are all disingenuous actors. They know the
             | point, but they want to flood all of these threads and act
             | clueless. Bitcoin is digital gold, gold's replacement. It's
             | been here for 12 years and yet, all these actors show up in
             | every Bitcoin thread. It's the greatest monetary shift in
             | hundreds of years.
             | 
             | ArcticBull below me shows up in EVERY single Bitcoin thread
             | to trash talk Bitcoin. Here's where we are at; some love
             | Bitcoin, and others show up just to talk trash. Bitcoin is
             | only going to grow beyond $100k the next couple years
             | regardless of how sourly "ArcticBull" wants to astroturf.
        
               | raiyu wrote:
               | Bitcoin is a modern day example of what happens when you
               | have a currency that has deflation instead of inflation
               | at it's core.
               | 
               | It becomes actually more expensive to buy anything in the
               | present, as a result, consumers stop purchasing, and as a
               | result economic activity decreases.
               | 
               | DigitalGold is also non-sensical, because that is simply
               | designed to track against inflation, to prevent the loss
               | of today's buying power tomorrow because of inflation.
               | But when something appreciates 10,000x it's not really a
               | hedge against inflation anymore, but a different
               | speculative instrument entirely.
        
               | fennecfoxen wrote:
               | Opinion: NYSE:GLD and NYSE:IAU are better at being
               | "digital gold" than a blockchain thing ever will be.
        
               | BTCOG wrote:
               | @ArcticBull - Why would I ever want to make 100% ROI on a
               | rigged stock market when I've made thousands of % in hard
               | money?
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | see, with those glasses on it's not possible to have a
               | real meaningful conversation. I'm sorry, bitcoin is in no
               | way 'hard money'.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > ArcticBull below me shows up in EVERY single Bitcoin
               | thread to trash talk Bitcoin. Here's where we are at;
               | some love Bitcoin, and others show up just to talk trash.
               | Bitcoin is only going to grow beyond $100k the next
               | couple years regardless of how sourly "ArcticBull" wants
               | to astroturf.
               | 
               | So what? My argument has _never_ been about price but
               | about fundamentals. The fundamentals are crap. I don 't
               | care if gets to $100K in the "next couple of years" and
               | neither should you. The price going up doesn't make it
               | good, the price going down doesn't make it bad.
               | 
               | Spending an Argentina of power for 7 tx/sec makes it
               | _horrifyingly bad_.
               | 
               | Wanna make a 100% ROI? That's not that hard. Risky, but
               | you can make one overnight if you spend some time on
               | r/WallStreetBets.
        
             | whobar wrote:
             | Hedge fund managers are never going to publicise an
             | impartial view about anything, especially not something
             | they are heavily invested in. Forming a positive opinion
             | about Bitcoin based on what two hedge fund managers, both
             | bullish on BTC, have to say, seems pretty dumb.
             | 
             | Unless fiat is abolished, the price of something in BTC
             | will always be pegged to USD. As USD devalues as a result
             | of inflation, the price of a product in BTC decreases.
             | 
             | I don't see the difference between someone in Venezuela
             | choosing to hold their net worth in BTC (which could halve
             | at any moment), versus their native, rapid inflationary
             | currency. Both are risky, but if the central bank sorted
             | itself out and fixed the currency issue, no one will have
             | any reason to hold BTC any more.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Please don't fall for the trap of calling actual money
               | fiat as if bitcoin wasn't fiat. If at some point bitcoin
               | becomes money it will be fiat money, as bitcoin is not
               | backed by a commodity. So far bitcoin isn't money because
               | it's not _the most liquid asset_. In order to buy
               | anything with bitcoins, first you 'll have sell them for
               | actual money and use that to buy stuff, hence not money.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Indeed - if your government is crap, you have bigger
               | problems to worry about than your currency. Once you sort
               | out the government you no longer have to worry about your
               | currency. There's no world where simultaneously you have
               | an untrustworthy government and you can bandaid over it
               | with crypto.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | codebolt wrote:
             | Any real value analysis of Bitcoin that doesn't take Tether
             | into account isn't worth much. As long as the whole crypto
             | market is built around a currency issued by an unregulated
             | and unaudited company with a mile-long list of past
             | controversies, any unbiased take on the future of Bitcoin
             | has to allow for a significant downside risk.
        
               | heterodoxxed wrote:
               | Tether is a real Michael Burry moment for me. They claim
               | to have 30 billion in reserves right now and are
               | "printing" a billion tethers at a time. Yet nobody can
               | confirm their reserves and the company itself is absurdly
               | opaque.
               | 
               | Either there is an incredible amount of criminal fraud
               | behind this or... this is perfectly reasonable?
               | 
               | Except nobody can really explain or confirm why.
        
               | codebolt wrote:
               | Yes, but as long as nothing is stopping them from simply
               | minting out of thin air, I wouldn't bet against their
               | ability to keep pushing the prices up.
               | 
               | Daily volumes of tether trades are consistently a high
               | multiple of the total supply. (Today it's 130bln vs
               | 30bln.) So I don't know if it's safe to even trust that
               | number.
               | 
               | As per Steins law, anything that cannot go on forever
               | must eventually stop. Question is how long?
        
               | fl0wenol wrote:
               | If they want non-idiots to use their stuff, then they
               | need to open up and give a few tours of their "vaults" or
               | whatever.
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | You haven't shared "the point" just a link to
             | MicroStrategy, a failed software company whose CEO had to
             | pay an $11 million dollar SEC settlement decades ago for
             | cooking the books, making a desperate Hail Mary play buying
             | near the top of a speculative mania in a bid to gain
             | relevancy. MSTR is the new "Long Island Iced Tea" -> "Long
             | Blockchain Inc" rebrand [1]
             | 
             | Humorously enough, the same is roughly true of Tesla, a car
             | company which sells 5% as many cars at Toyota while valued
             | about twice what the entire rest of the car market put
             | together is worth.
             | 
             | Their only source of profit is selling carbon credits to
             | traditional automakers who won't need them anymore as
             | they're all moving electric too. One more Hail Mary
             | distraction to maintain the _one thousand three hundred_ P
             | /E ratio. In a _manufacturing_ business. Not software with
             | zero marginal cost. Manufacturing. The industry average P
             | /E is right around 15.
             | 
             | > ...it's about living in a world of competitively
             | devaluing currencies and resulting asset inflation.
             | 
             | Currency is an intentionally-lossy temporary store of
             | value. It only needs to hold its value for as long as it
             | takes you to buy assets with them. At 2% inflation it does.
             | Anything else is a straw-man you'd recognize if you
             | attended ECON 101.
             | 
             | Asset inflation isn't inflation, it's an ROI. CPI is
             | inflation.
             | 
             | This is a typical set of r/Bitcoin talking points that are
             | easily debunked.
             | 
             | [1] https://qz.com/1659246/the-fbi-wants-more-information-
             | about-...
        
               | throwaway20875 wrote:
               | >CPI is inflation
               | 
               | Lol
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Right, yeah, if you pretend how much AAPL appreciated
               | matters to anyone, asset inflation counts. Otherwise,
               | it's CPI, and [citation needed] if you want to posit
               | otherwise.
        
               | danhak wrote:
               | Housing, healthcare, education and childcare costs
               | matter. I don't believe CPI is accurately capturing the
               | skyrocketing costs of these things, which are the most
               | significant expenses for most households.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | And yet you and everyone else are unable to produce any
               | meaningful sources or analysis that justify your beliefs.
               | [citation needed] and we can talk about it.
               | 
               | Healthcare is a social policy matter, not monetary
               | policy, and nothing to do with increase in the money
               | supply. You take that up with your representatives not
               | the Fed.
               | 
               | Housing is a function of city council zoning policy. You
               | take that up with your city council not the Fed, or with
               | the federal government it you want Japanese style zoning
               | rules. [1]
               | 
               | Childcare is social policy, not monetary policy, and you
               | take that up with your representatives not the Fed.
               | 
               | You can't just point to anything you don't like and say
               | the Fed Did It or is responsible for it. All they do is
               | control the money supply. Nothing more.
               | 
               | A reduction in your welfare isn't inflation. Necessities
               | can outpace inflation. It's bad social policy, but it
               | happens. What you fail to understand is that these prices
               | will continue to outstrip a platonic ideal even if
               | denominated in Bitcoin because the increase in pricing
               | has nothing to do with monetary policy. Any temporary
               | reprieve is due to speculative mania.
               | 
               | [1] http://urbankchoze.blogspot.com/2014/04/japanese-
               | zoning.html
        
               | chordalkeyboard wrote:
               | > the increase in pricing has nothing to do with monetary
               | policy.
               | 
               | This is incorrect.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Inflation adjusted $/sqft on average across the US
               | housing costs exactly the same as it did in the 1970s.
               | With interest rates 1/5 of what they were back then, each
               | square foot is actually much more affordable.
               | 
               | I admit I misspoke, because of course, monetary policy
               | controls interest rates, but I maintain that a change in
               | affordability is not dominated by inflation but rather
               | other social policies. Houses are twice is big and
               | families are 20% smaller.
               | 
               | Happy to debate more but [citation needed].
               | 
               | [1] https://fee.org/articles/new-homes-today-have-twice-
               | the-squa...
        
               | chordalkeyboard wrote:
               | > Inflation adjusted $/sqft on average across the US
               | housing costs exactly the same as it did in the 1970s.
               | 
               | > Inflation adjusted
               | 
               | Inflation is a result of monetary policy. So when you've
               | adjusted the price for the monetary policy, you see that
               | 50 years of capital accumulation and efficiency has been
               | soaked up by monetary policy.
               | 
               | > I admit I misspoke, because of course, monetary policy
               | controls interest rates, but I maintain that a change in
               | affordability is not dominated by inflation but rather
               | other social policies. Houses are twice is big and
               | families are 20% smaller.
               | 
               | Things are supposed to get cheaper as capital
               | accumulates. Social policies undoubtedly have an effect.
               | So does increasing the money supply. An increase in the
               | number of currency units necessarily causes each unit to
               | be worth less, ceteris paribus.
               | 
               | > Happy to debate more but [citation needed].
               | 
               | I'm not sure how to proceed. The notion that one could
               | print money and have each currency unit correspond to the
               | same amount of physical goods is prima facie false.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > "I'm not sure how to proceed. The notion that one could
               | print money and have each currency unit correspond to the
               | same amount of physical goods is prima facie false."
               | 
               | No, it's not, you're looking at half the equation. Value
               | of money is a function of both supply and velocity. If
               | velocity drops but supply increases commensurately, each
               | unit of currency corresponds to the same amount of
               | physical goods. [1]
               | 
               | This should be dead obvious to you, as the money supply
               | doubled last year but the price of Apples went up 2%. Not
               | 100%. Same with the entire CPI basket. Housing actually
               | got cheaper. Rent went down a ton.
               | 
               | > Inflation is a result of monetary policy. So when
               | you've adjusted the price for the monetary policy, you
               | see that 50 years of capital accumulation and efficiency
               | has been soaked up by monetary policy.
               | 
               | We are talking in constant dollars that have a 0%
               | notional rate of inflation. That's what inflation-
               | adjusted means in this context.
               | 
               | What do you mean by "50 years of capital accumulation"?
               | People don't accumulate or hold dollars for exactly this
               | reason. They accumulate and hold assets and value, whose
               | performance matches or exceeds inflation.
               | 
               | > Things are supposed to get cheaper as capital
               | accumulates. Social policies undoubtedly have an effect.
               | So does increasing the money supply. An increase in the
               | number of currency units necessarily causes each unit to
               | be worth less, ceteris paribus.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what that means. Things aren't supposed to
               | get anything as capital accumulates.
               | 
               | An increase in number of currency units may or may not
               | cause each unit to be worth less, as velocity is the
               | missing half of the equation. With that in mind the goal
               | is each unit to be worth 2% less each year, to
               | incentivize higher velocity of money and investment.
               | 
               | It's a straw man to say that your buying power drops 2%
               | each year as a result of inflation. You're only penalized
               | for inflation for the period between you receiving the
               | dollars and using them to purchase assets whose
               | performance exceeds inflation.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/velocity.asp
        
               | chordalkeyboard wrote:
               | > No, it's not, you're looking at half the equation.
               | Value of money is a function of both supply and velocity.
               | If velocity drops but supply increases commensurately,
               | each unit of currency corresponds to the same amount of
               | physical goods. [1]
               | 
               | for consumer goods, "velocity" is the rate at which those
               | goods are consumed. People aren't generally choosing to
               | starve themselves or pay rent on 4 apartments according
               | to economic conditions.
               | 
               | i should have included "ceteris paribus" with my
               | statement but I thought it was obviously implied.
               | 
               | > This should be dead obvious to you, as the money supply
               | doubled last year but the price of Apples went up 2%. Not
               | 100%. Same with the entire CPI basket. Housing actually
               | got cheaper. Rent went down a ton.
               | 
               | Ceteris is not paribus. The increase in money supply
               | soaked up all the decrease in prices people 'should' have
               | experienced.
               | 
               | > We are talking in constant dollars that have a 0%
               | notional rate of inflation. That's what inflation-
               | adjusted means in this context.
               | 
               | I understand what "inflation-adjusted" means. Once you
               | adjust for the price increase due to people's dollars
               | being worth less, the commodity costs the same. Of course
               | people aren't paying in notional inflation-adjusted
               | dollars, they are paying in the actual dollars that have
               | depreciated, so they end up paying more for less, because
               | of monetary policy. The value they miss out on accrues to
               | people who get the new money earlier.
               | 
               | > What do you mean by "50 years of capital accumulation"?
               | 
               | I mean that the capital stock of the economy has
               | increased over the past 50 years as a result of people
               | investing their surplus in capital goods. This results in
               | increased productivity and (ceteris paribus) a lower real
               | cost of goods and services.
               | 
               | > People don't accumulate or hold dollars for exactly
               | this reason. They accumulate and hold assets and value,
               | whose performance matches or exceeds inflation.
               | 
               | Yes, because monetary policy results in depreciation of
               | fiat currency.
               | 
               | > I'm not sure what that means. Things aren't supposed to
               | get anything as capital accumulates.
               | 
               | Things are supposed to get cheaper as capital accumulates
               | because labor is more efficient when combined with tools,
               | resulting in more outputs and the subsequent decrease in
               | real price.
               | 
               | > An increase in number of currency units may or may not
               | cause each unit to be worth less, as velocity is the
               | missing half of the equation.
               | 
               | You're missing the part where I said " _ceteris paribus_
               | ", a commonly specified requirement for assertions about
               | the connection between theory and economic reality.
               | 
               | > It's a straw man to say that your buying power drops 2%
               | each year as a result of inflation. You're only penalized
               | for inflation for the period between you receiving the
               | dollars and using them to purchase assets whose
               | performance exceeds inflation.
               | 
               | It's not a strawman, its literally the case.
               | 
               | Additionally this requirement to invest dollars before
               | they depreciate leads to asset prices skyrocketing
               | without support from the underlying fundamentals. This
               | leads to people who are already invested (the rich, the
               | wealthy, the established old money, the upper class)
               | gaining disproportionately, and new investors being
               | priced out. Hence monetary policy is directly responsible
               | for the rich getting richer and the poor being left
               | behind.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | >I'm not sure how to proceed. The notion that one could
               | print money and have each currency unit correspond to the
               | same amount of physical goods is prima facie false.
               | 
               | The entire problem is that it's not false at all. There
               | are various ways to produce more physical goods without
               | employing more domestic workers. Every time the fed is
               | printing money that money gets invested in a way that
               | does not result in decreased unemployment. It's being
               | used to produce more physical goods which keeps the price
               | of physical goods constant.
               | 
               | Ultimately the only truly scarce "good" is labor.
               | Everything derives from it. If prices are not rising that
               | means labor is not scare at all, which is idiotic because
               | there are lots of ways to productively deploy that labor.
        
               | danhak wrote:
               | > Housing is a function of city council zoning policy...
               | 
               | This is the laughably reductionist take that predictably
               | appears on HN when folks think the dynamics of San
               | Francisco apply everywhere.
               | 
               | Housing costs have nothing to do with the Fed? Really?
               | You don't believe record low mortgage rates are driving
               | demand at all?
               | 
               | Nah, it must be city council zoning policy that is
               | sending home prices soaring all over the country---even
               | in rural and unincorporated areas.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | I'm sorry you're just wrong about that though.
               | 
               | On average, the price per square foot of housing in the
               | US is exactly the same now as it was in the 1970s, on an
               | inflation adjusted basis. [1] In major metros, that
               | number is higher, because of city policy, but on average,
               | the number is flat. That means on an inflation adjusted
               | basis in rural areas houses are _cheaper_ per square
               | foot.
               | 
               | Once you take into account that interest rates are about
               | 1/5th of what they were back then, it's clear, housing is
               | actually more affordable now than it ever was (per square
               | foot).
               | 
               | Yes, zoning matters in rural areas. Minimum size rules,
               | minimum setback rules -- all sorts of code changes --
               | have conspired alongside the 20% decrease in average
               | family size and the changing tastes for more space, to
               | make houses _twice as big_. Same price per square foot --
               | or lower! -- Twice as big. Twice as expensive.
               | 
               | I was wrong to say it has "nothing" to do with it, but it
               | is by far not the dominant force as evidenced by the
               | numbers.
               | 
               | If you're unhappy about poor folks not being able to
               | afford the houses that's again _social policy_ not
               | _monetary policy_. I am too. But inflation isn 't why.
               | 
               | By all means have at those windmills though, and please,
               | cite your sources so we can have a debate on facts.
               | 
               | [edit] You're missing my point. Pricing in metros is more
               | expensive because of council policy. Pricing outside the
               | city is higher because they're twice as big. End of
               | story. Please CITE YOUR SOURCES. This. Is. Not.
               | Inflation.
               | 
               | You having a worse quality of life is not inflation.
               | 
               | Yes, white flight may or may not contribute to it. That's
               | not Fed policy. That's social policy. And that's my
               | point.
               | 
               | [1] https://fee.org/articles/new-homes-today-have-twice-
               | the-squa...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | >Housing costs have nothing to do with the Fed? Really?
               | You don't believe record low mortgage rates are driving
               | demand at all?
               | 
               | Imagine if you are a bathroom remodeling company and
               | people are building new bathrooms for $5k. You can build
               | a bathroom for $4K. Suddenly the fed is loosening its
               | monetary policy and people are building bathrooms like
               | crazy with their bathroom mortgages. They are willing to
               | pay $10k per bathroom but your costs didn't change. It's
               | now extremely profitable to build bathrooms and that's
               | exactly what you are going to do. You're going to hire
               | lots of workers so that everyone can get their bathrooms.
               | Turns out, a competitor does the exact same thing but
               | they sell their bathrooms for $9k. Add more competitors
               | and the price will be very close to the cost of
               | construction.
               | 
               | Now replace the bathroom with the entire house. Suddenly
               | you realize something. It's very difficult to find land
               | to build your new house and even if you did you would
               | have to upzone the property by tearing an existing
               | property down and building a 2-3 story multifamily home
               | there. Unfortunately, doing this is illegal in many
               | places and where it is legal permits are being denied for
               | arbitrary reasons.
               | 
               | You can't tell me that construction companies can't make
               | money off new construction because the cost of housing is
               | too low.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | Rural and unincorporated areas have strict zoning too.
               | Look at Tuolomne county (https://www.arcgis.com/apps/weba
               | ppviewer/index.html?id=3e926...) for an example I could
               | easily find a graphic for. The vast majority of
               | privately-held land in the county is zoned RR (brown, 1
               | unit per 5 acres), AG (1 unit per 18.5 acres), or TPZ (1
               | unit per 37 acres).
        
               | rank0 wrote:
               | There's actually considerable debate on the subject. I
               | find it reasonable that things which are outside the CPI
               | basket can indeed experience inflation.
               | 
               | https://www.investopedia.com/articles/07/consumerpriceind
               | ex....
               | 
               | If 25% of circulating USD were created last year, and our
               | economic value is the same or even diminished, wouldn't
               | it follow that there must be significant inflation?
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > If 25% of circulating USD were created last year, and
               | our economic value is the same or even diminished,
               | wouldn't it follow that there must be significant
               | inflation?
               | 
               | Not necessarily, no. The value of money is a function of
               | supply and velocity. If the velocity went down and the
               | supply went up 25% the fed can still nail its 2% target.
               | [1, 2, 3] If the velocity increases next year the fed can
               | shrink the supply commensurately to maintain its targets.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/velocity.asp
               | 
               | [2] https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-
               | economy/2014/september/wha...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/042015/how-
               | does-mon...
        
               | rank0 wrote:
               | That's very interesting I was not familiar with the
               | concept of velocity.
               | 
               | It still seems to me that velocity can vary depending on
               | the underlying entity. So unless every asset has the same
               | velocity measure as the items in the CPI basket, it seems
               | that there has to be some amount of inflation somewhere
               | like possibly US equities.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | The idea of velocity is pretty simple. If you print a $1T
               | coin and hand it to me, then I throw it in a safe and
               | forget the code, did the increase in supply cause any
               | material increase in inflation experienced at the point
               | of sale by the average person? Probably not. The supply
               | went up, but the average velocity went down
               | commensurately.
               | 
               | How this interacts with assets is in my opinion not super
               | clear. Pricing of assets is supply and demand, unlike the
               | CPI basket. The CPI basket is based on human need.
               | There's no human need for AAPL shares. However, there's a
               | ton of stimulus money, and folks who remember 2008's
               | V-shaped recovery, and a bunch of people stuck at home
               | day trading. I think that's much more likely to be
               | driving asset prices than supply. After all supply is
               | enacted by changing lending parameters.
               | 
               | To the extent asset prices don't put pressure on CPI,
               | they reflect an increase in welfare, not an increase in
               | inflation.
        
               | jerry1979 wrote:
               | CPI probably doesn't reflect inflation the way Fed looks
               | at it. They use PCE[1]:
               | 
               | >An accurate measure of inflation is important for both
               | the U.S. federal government and the Federal Reserve's
               | Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), but they focus on
               | different measures. For example, the federal government
               | uses the CPI to make inflation adjustments to certain
               | kinds of benefits, such as Social Security.[3] In
               | contrast, the FOMC focuses on PCE inflation in its
               | quarterly economic projections and also states its
               | longer-run inflation goal in terms of headline PCE.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.stlouisfed.org/publications/regional-
               | economist/j...
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | That's quite interesting but the overall picture is the
               | same in both CPI and PCE. It's just another way to
               | measure inflation in consumer goods and services. Compare
               | that to the usual Bitcoin advocates talking about
               | inflation of the dollar relative to Bitcoin. It's
               | measuring something completely different.
        
               | DSingularity wrote:
               | You know, your point about Tesla has given me lots of
               | conflict. What did I miss? Obviously this question came
               | when I sold off my TSLA stock at 500$ thinking -- it was
               | overvalued -- and then watching it rise to the equivalent
               | of 4,000$. I reached the conclusion it's no longer solely
               | about cash flow and debt ratios and market cap and
               | addressable market and whatever other traditional metrics
               | we previously used to value companies. The emotional
               | component has become more important.
               | 
               | People are buying TSLA because they want to do something
               | about climate change. Or maybe cause they worship Musk.
               | This is probably holding for other companies in other
               | industries. Bitcoin is definitely not only being bought
               | because it's digital gold. It's being bought because
               | people are emotionally attached to resetting the system.
               | A bunch of middle fingers to the dollar rich (Bitcoin
               | poor) by a bunch dollar poor (Bitcoin rich). This is why
               | people are buying BTC.
               | 
               | Whether it is TSLA or BTC -- value itself is being
               | disrupted.
        
               | whobar wrote:
               | I think you can't judge whether TSLA is overvalued or not
               | until they are no longer instantly selling out of all
               | their products. People are bullish on TSLA because they
               | have a product that many, many people want, more than
               | they have the capability to supply.
               | 
               | Once they have their peak production capacity and have
               | surplus stock across all markets we will get a better
               | idea of their true value.
               | 
               | The most that the price of TSLA and BTC have in common is
               | that both their values can be represented on a graph.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Yes, I agree, but I'm confident they're not worth twice
               | the sum total of the entire car market by themselves.
               | 
               | > The most that the price of TSLA and BTC have in common
               | is that both their values can be represented on a graph.
               | 
               | Well, that and one holds a chunk of the other. They're
               | also surprisingly heavily correlated from a price action
               | POV. I suspect there's a bit more going on than meets the
               | eye. Burry tweeted the crazy level of correlation a few
               | days ago.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > People are buying TSLA because they want to do
               | something about climate change.
               | 
               | I hope given Tesla's new affinity with Bitcoin that what
               | they want to do is "make it worse" lol. Tesla is
               | literally selling its green energy credits to dirty car
               | companies, then throwing it at Chinese coal miners.
               | 
               | The market goes through particularly bubblicious periods
               | of pricing mania from time to time. It's happening now,
               | it's happened before, and it'll happen again. I wouldn't
               | read too much into it.                 "..in the short
               | run, the market is like a voting machine--tallying up
               | which firms are popular and unpopular. But in the long
               | run, the market is like a weighing machine--assessing the
               | substance of a company." - Benjamin Graham
               | 
               | Prior to the pandemic stimmy money, poor people weren't
               | investing and middle class folks were. When the pandemic
               | hit, poor people lost their jobs, middle class folks kept
               | them. Both poor and middle class folks received stimmy
               | money. The middle class folks invested it.
               | 
               | The whole run up there were trillions on the side-line,
               | and folks who remember 2008 weren't about to let another
               | V shaped recovery pass them by. They plowed money into
               | whatever they could. Literally everything exploded in
               | value last year. My personal trading account is up almost
               | 14X on a 1-year basis today.
               | 
               | It's nothing to do with fundamentals, just a bubble.
               | It'll revert in time, and then it'll grow again.
        
               | DSingularity wrote:
               | It will only revert if people sell. What if nobody sells
               | because they equate selling with giving up on their
               | dreams of fighting climate change?
        
               | kipchak wrote:
               | Retail might never sell, I doubt commercial institutions
               | Vanguard for example would not sell for idealistic
               | reasons.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Again, Tesla makes climate change worse by investing in
               | Bitcoin so if climate change is the driver they should
               | sell ASAP. I think you're overestimating the average
               | speculator's love of the environment.
               | 
               | Yes, this time could be different. Past performance is
               | not an indication of future performance. That said, it
               | would be the _first_ time something 's gone parabolic
               | upward (while lacking the fundamentals) without
               | retracing, and I don't see any reason this time would be
               | different.
               | 
               | [edit: Check this out: (1) https://imgur.com/a/HATGeWr
               | (2) https://imgur.com/a/umQLsnK]
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | deevolution wrote:
           | How can you possibly back up the claim that the USD is
           | stable? My grandparents were able to buy several acres of
           | land and build a house for 80k in the 1970s. Doing the same
           | today costs 500k+!!! It's completely outrageous. Ths USD is
           | far from stable and anyone who thinks so is either insanely
           | privileged or ignorant!
        
             | dkersten wrote:
             | Because the cappuccino will continue to cost them $4
             | tomorrow, next week and next month. Sure, its value changes
             | and a cappuccino may even cost a different amount sometime
             | in the future, but its easy to know the value of the money
             | you have because the exchange rate between dollars and
             | items in the shop doesn't change so much.
             | 
             | Contrast that with bitcoin, where the value often changes
             | by many, many cappuccino's in a single day.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | Predictable inflation is a form of stability.
        
           | centimeter wrote:
           | It's reasonable to expect the value of Bitcoin to stabilize
           | as it becomes a more popular store of value.
           | 
           | The US dollar provides stability and security over a very
           | short timescale. It's been inflating for decades (punishing
           | dollar holders and waged/salaried workers) and based on the
           | current political environment (insane dollar printing, "MMT"
           | having political currency, etc.) there's a substantial risk
           | of serious dollar instability in the next few decades.
        
           | X6S1x6Okd1st wrote:
           | It's kind of moot w.r.t. MasterCard. They will only accept
           | stablecoins which are generally pegged to usd
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Someone's bonus and job depends on them appearing
             | "innovative".
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | This is an important point I missed, thanks.
             | 
             | I am totally on board a pegged crypto currency that tracks
             | US dollar. For me and many others I presume, stability is
             | far more important than anything else that crypto
             | currencies have to offer.
        
               | X6S1x6Okd1st wrote:
               | Well there are certainly plenty to choose from, the major
               | downside to stablecoins is that you need to place trust
               | in the mechanism that ensures they are actually stable.
               | Tether is the biggest one and it's pretty unclear whether
               | they are trust worthy.
               | 
               | IMO one of the most important properties of
               | cryptocurrencies is that you only need to place trust in
               | the code & that the miners are selfish.
        
             | graeme wrote:
             | Like Tether? They're currently in the middle of a fraud
             | case alleging they are not at all backed by USD and thus
             | the peg is supported by fiat and liable to fall off.
             | 
             | (I mean this in the dictionary sense of the word fiat that
             | gives meaning to the phrase fiat currency. I don't mean
             | tether is supported by fiat currency)
        
           | lui8906 wrote:
           | > Crypto's volatility deters me from using it, simply put.
           | 
           | There is stable coins which have held a consistent peg
           | against the US dollar for a couple of years now. You get all
           | the benefit of high APY yield (relative to a bank account)
           | and none of the volatility of a Doge or a BTC.
        
             | lottin wrote:
             | You can be certain that an investment opportunity is a scam
             | when it promises above-market returns with no additional
             | risk.
        
               | deeeeplearning wrote:
               | Savings Account APY != Market Returns. Fyi
        
           | scsilver wrote:
           | These currencies will inflate in value as their network grows
           | wider. Each new user adds value like a telephone network.
           | Eventually, there will be a point where everyone who wants to
           | be connected is connected, they have bought the bitcoin they
           | want and bitcoin prices reach an steady state. At that point,
           | it should be stable enough to use as a currency.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | It's fascinating to watch MLM logic sweep the tech world.
             | 
             | Get in on the ground floor of this opportunity, then
             | convince all of your friends to buy in, then they convince
             | all of their friends...
             | 
             | Once the speculation upside is gone, why would anyone want
             | to buy Bitcoin? That's the real question.
        
               | scsilver wrote:
               | Its not MLM its network effects. Every node added to a
               | transactional network adds real world value to that
               | network. Its etreamly evident in telephone networks.
               | 
               | The reason people would want to buy bitcoin once it has
               | grown out of its speculation is the vast marketplace of
               | people and vendors who accept bitcoin as tender + the use
               | of bitcoin as a hedge against the inflation of your local
               | fiat currency.
               | 
               | It becomes another investment vehicle to diversify with.
        
               | centimeter wrote:
               | MLM dynamics actually do apply to monetized assets in
               | some cases. Cf. "Bubble Theory Of Money", Gresham's Law.
               | 
               | Once the speculation upside is gone, you would use
               | Bitcoin because it's the best available reserve and
               | settlement asset. What are your other options?
               | Inflationary USD or Yuan? Few rational actors would
               | prefer to hold those.
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | > Inflationary USD
               | 
               | lolz https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/USA/united-
               | states/infl...
        
               | centimeter wrote:
               | CPI is a joke of a metric. Very few economists take it
               | seriously.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | It really isn't a joke. It tracks changes in cost of
               | living pretty well.
               | 
               | The real mystery is why the fed is committing to supply
               | side economics in a demand starved economy. That's the
               | exact opposite of what you should do.
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | What metric would you prefer?
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | my favorite is M3
               | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MABMM301USM189S
               | 
               | Edit: I thought it was obvious, yet in response to
               | comment below - theoretically to get real inflation one
               | has to adjust the M3 for the growth of the total amount
               | of "stuff" in the economy. As that growth is just
               | 1-2%/year , the M3 shape is visually indistinguishable
               | from the real inflation on any given time period of up to
               | several years.
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | In response to your edit, I don't know how you can claim
               | that "real" (according to who? you?) inflation is somehow
               | divorced from the purchasing power of a dollar. What
               | matters to most humans is how far their wages go at the
               | shop.
               | 
               | Hand-waving at money supply and "total amount of stuff"
               | without reference to prices makes as much sense as
               | arguing "Well obviously daily commutes were shorter in
               | 2019 than 1919 because cars are much faster than horses.
               | Just look at my chart of relative top speeds!"
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | You forgot the second part - the total miles commuted.
               | The same is inflation - faster growing total money
               | divided by slower growing total "stuff".
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | That's not a measure of inflation, it's just a measure of
               | money supply.
        
               | georgeplusplus wrote:
               | inflation is defined as expansion or contraction in the
               | money supply
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/inflation.asp
               | 
               | > Inflation is the decline of purchasing power of a given
               | currency over time.
               | 
               | https://www.economicshelp.org/macroeconomics/inflation/de
               | fin...
               | 
               | > A more exact definition of inflation is a sustained
               | increase in the general price level in an economy.
               | Inflation means an increase in the cost of living as the
               | price of goods and services rise.
               | 
               | https://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Definitions/Inflation.h
               | tml
               | 
               | > Inflation refers to a rise in the average level of
               | prices sustained over time, which also corresponds to a
               | fall in the internal (domestic) purchasing power of
               | money.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | > What are your other options? Inflationary USD
               | 
               | Investors don't have to choose between investing in
               | Bitcoin or parking their money in cash.
               | 
               | The stock market, real estate, commodities, and other
               | assets don't lose their value if USD inflates.
               | 
               | The narrative that the only two choices are to buy
               | Bitcoin or lose out to inflation is a fiction designed to
               | convince people to buy more Bitcoin. Bitcoin isn't the
               | only investment option.
               | 
               | > Inflationary USD or Yuan? Few rational actors would
               | prefer to hold those.
               | 
               | Evidence suggests otherwise.
        
           | clusterfish wrote:
           | The point is money laundering. Why do you think
           | cryptocurrencies are still legal? Politicians need it.
        
           | MichaelBurge wrote:
           | Volatility is a non-issue with the release of CME futures.
           | You can short Bitcoin or Ethereum futures to lock in your
           | price with respect to USD at any time.
           | 
           | The base futures contracts are 5 Bitcoin i.e. notional value
           | of $200k, but that's merely an inconvenience and not a
           | fundamental blocker to subdivide the futures contract or have
           | someone do it for you.
           | 
           | I think for years payment companies like Bitpay have had
           | price guarantees for merchants(probably using futures in the
           | backend), but you do have more counterparty risk dealing with
           | unregulated exchanges.
        
           | reedjosh wrote:
           | >What's the point of an unstable, volatile, frantically
           | manipulated currency that is susceptible to social media pump
           | and dump schemes (Elon + Doge)?
           | 
           | BTC is only volatile as not enough people use it. Further, if
           | you stay on USD, every year a cappuccino will cost you more.
           | Fractional reserve banking is practically a license to print
           | USD. We're not funding the stimulus or really any of our
           | government via tax anymore. Inflation is the real tax.
        
           | mlthoughts2018 wrote:
           | If you live in a situation where the only local fiat currency
           | is even worse, then the "volatility fee" of cryptocurrency
           | may be well worth the money to decouple yourself from that
           | bad fiat currency risk. Maybe you can purchase things
           | directly with the cryptocurrency, or maybe you just wait
           | until you can drive across the border to a place with more
           | stable fiat currency, sell cryptocurrency for that currency,
           | and buy milk. Simple currency exchange or traditional
           | custodial stores of value like precious metals wouldn't work,
           | since you're still beholden to the original fiat currency
           | problem.
           | 
           | At any given time, some small slice of world currency demand
           | will be focused on this "protection from unstable fiat
           | currency" and some other small slice would be like a prepper
           | mindset hedging their perceived risk of facing that (eg "but
           | what if the US dollar collapses?" from people with very
           | extreme risk aversion preferences).
           | 
           | That total "market cap" demand for cryptocurrency will surely
           | be way, way lower than traditional fiat currencies, but it
           | may still be much higher than the current total market cap
           | for crypto, which means there is room for completely rational
           | speculative buying and holding of crypto, depending on your
           | outlook and risk preferences, for perfectly sound reasons.
           | 
           | I highly doubt Bitcoin is ever going to become a major direct
           | medium of exchange. But also it does not need to become that.
           | It can offer big value in a lesser role that would still
           | justify speculative buying of crypto today.
        
             | fennecfoxen wrote:
             | > If you live in a situation where the only local fiat
             | currency is even worse
             | 
             | Then you start buying and transacting with good old Yankee
             | dollars, as the good people in places like Zimbabwe and
             | Argentina and Cuba and other such places have done, because
             | this is the low volatility option and dollars are widely
             | accepted. You _don 't_ buy the cryptocurrencies, as they
             | are subject to wild price swings and only marginally
             | accepted.
             | 
             | If you can't buy dollars, something like gold is a much
             | better hedge than bitcoin.
        
               | mlthoughts2018 wrote:
               | Gold would specifically _not_ be a good choice in that
               | situation, because you have to pay a custodian to deal
               | with the gold and store it for you. That means either
               | transacting in the original risky fiat currency any time
               | you convert between the currency and gold (such as to buy
               | things), or else transacting in the original risky fiat
               | currency to get a foreign exchange to another currency
               | and then transacting with a custodian - which defeats the
               | whole purpose of converting the asset away from the
               | original fiat currency that exposes untenable risk.
        
               | barrenko wrote:
               | Just look up what happened the last two years in
               | Venezuela and Argentina, we no longer need to guess...
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | If someone is in a country with a collapsing local
             | currency, they still have to transfer that money to a
             | Bitcoin exchange before they can transfer the Bitcoin.
             | 
             | If the currency is collapsing, who's going to trade Bitcoin
             | for the collapsing currency? That's the necessary first
             | step in this process.
             | 
             | If I'm just trying to cross the border with Bitcoin in my
             | mind wallet so I can convert it back to cash on the other
             | side, why does it matter if 1 BTC is $10 or $10,000,000? It
             | doesn't, because moving money round-trip through a currency
             | is a matched pair of buy and sell trades in a short period.
             | Net zero, long term.
             | 
             | This narrative that Bitcoin is somehow going to save
             | refugees from oppressive governments is possible, but
             | deeply flawed in practice. Either way, it's not a long term
             | driver of demand.
             | 
             | Frankly, it's far more likely that the dictators of such
             | countries would use Bitcoin to flee the country with their
             | citizen's money and avoid prosecution than the other way
             | around.
        
               | mlthoughts2018 wrote:
               | This is why you would speculatively buy Bitcoin and hold
               | it long before that happened, at a time when people are
               | happy to accept your fiat currency for Bitcoin. People
               | learning from experience in Venezuela, Zimbabwe, North
               | Korea, would probably feel glad to put some fraction of
               | savings into crypto just in case, knowing that the
               | interim volatility risk of it sitting in crypto is a
               | worthwhile price to pay to have a reserve money supply
               | that does not need to pass back through their original
               | fiat currency on the way to being spent (as precious
               | metals, stocks, bonds, securities, options, etc. all
               | would).
        
               | fennecfoxen wrote:
               | > If the currency is collapsing, who's going to trade
               | Bitcoin for the collapsing currency?
               | 
               | Well, you'd probably find someone wanting to trade
               | Bitcoin for goods, and as part of the transaction,
               | someone else would end up using local currencies to buy
               | those goods.
               | 
               | ... Of course, in the general case, you're probably more
               | likely to find someone who wants to trade USD for those
               | goods.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | > Well, you'd probably find someone wanting to trade
               | Bitcoin for goods
               | 
               | If your net worth is tied up in goods, assets, and other
               | non-cash investments, you don't need Bitcoin to avoid
               | currency inflation.
        
           | GrumpyNl wrote:
           | Marketing and marketing, jump the bitcoin bandwagon.
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | With any fiat currency, you are indeed aware that it devalues
           | at a steady pace.
        
           | krisdol wrote:
           | Full disclosure: I own about $11 worth of bitcoin if I round
           | up a bit, so this might be biased.
           | 
           | The most convincing "point" of bitcoin I've heard is to
           | accomodate transfer of large sums of money across borders,
           | quickly, with minimal transaction costs and oversight.
           | Everyone here can afford the fee to transact 8 billion
           | dollars worth of bitcoin. And settlement happens in seconds
           | to a couple minutes. That's appealing to people trying to
           | move millions or billions of dollars around.
        
             | blackbrokkoli wrote:
             | Yeah, sure settlement _in Bitcoin_ happens within a few
             | minutes. Getting that converted into usable money is a
             | whole other story, no?
             | 
             | I can basically think of two scenario types when you are in
             | need of international, spontaneous money transfer:
             | 
             | a) "I just got carjacked in Sierra Leone and need some
             | money for an hotel and a flight home"
             | 
             | b) "I have some weird novel business and I would like to
             | pay my contractors in East Timor biweekly"
             | 
             | I cannot image using Bitcoin for either, first one because
             | of the convert-to-money-thing, second one because of the
             | volatility. There is also some kind of - how do you call
             | this - meta-trust that I just don't have in Bitcoin: Go
             | off-grid for two weeks and there is a non trivial chance
             | that some weird shit happened within crypto that is now an
             | obstacle (crash or rally, outlawing, split, ...). That does
             | not happen with US dollars.
             | 
             | I got the feeling that this is yet another incredibly
             | obscure use case that doesn't even really work Bitcoin
             | fanatics (not directed at the quite reasonable parent
             | comment) use to justify their gambling and Lambo-dreams.
             | Just like "it could be the new gold" or "what if the US gov
             | collapses".
             | 
             | But I am certainly no expert in international money
             | transfer by any means, so feel free to change my mind!
        
               | FalconSensei wrote:
               | > Go off-grid for two weeks and there is a non trivial
               | chance that some weird shit happened within crypto that
               | is now an obstacle
               | 
               | For people in countries with a more stable
               | economy/currency, this is very true. Even in countries
               | with a bigger inflation, things are a bit more
               | predictable.
               | 
               | But of course, different countries/economies/currencies
               | have different realities.
        
               | throw89323432 wrote:
               | I had contractor on Litecoin in Russia for 6 months.
               | Worked pretty well.
        
               | faffe wrote:
               | Out of curiosity, can I know why you did use Litecoin
               | rather than others crypto???
        
               | GoblinSlayer wrote:
               | Life outside of USA is basically cryptozoology:
               | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-crypto-currencies-
               | africa-...
        
             | sorbits wrote:
             | _> And settlement happens in seconds to a couple minutes_
             | 
             | That is incorrect. On average it takes 10 minutes to mine a
             | block, but you have to submit the transaction to be
             | included in the block, so > 10 minutes before it appears on
             | the blockchain.
             | 
             | However, there are actually many block chains, as miners
             | creates block in parallel, it's the longest one that is the
             | "official", but the minute you see your transaction in a
             | block, you do not know if this block will stay in the
             | longest chain, so in general you want at least 5 new
             | blocks, after your block, before it is considered "safe".
             | 
             | So now we are talking about one hour to do a transaction,
             | and that assumes that the network is not overloaded,
             | because there is also a cap on number of transactions that
             | can be included in a block.
             | 
             | All in all, it is a _terrible_ system for fast
             | transactions.
        
               | tomca32 wrote:
               | I live and work in the US, but originally I'm from
               | Croatia. I wire money every month to my family back
               | there.
               | 
               | It takes 5 work days for the wire to fully clear. Since 5
               | days is a full work week, it almost always bleeds over to
               | the weekend and in reality takes 7 days.
               | 
               | BTC might still be a terrible system for international
               | transactions but it's still 168 times faster than the one
               | that exists now.
        
               | sorbits wrote:
               | _> BTC might still be a terrible system for international
               | transactions but it 's still 168 times faster than the
               | one that exists now._
               | 
               | It is 168 times faster than _what you currently use_.
               | 
               | There are services like TransferWise who specialize in
               | fast international money transfers.
               | 
               | I could imagine that part of your delay is because the
               | bank your family use (in Croatia) does not themselves
               | handle international transfers, so they go through an
               | intermediary bank, only adding delays.
               | 
               | I have often done ~12 hours international wires from
               | Wells Fargo (U.S.) to Asia, and here the delay could
               | simply have been due to the time zone.
               | 
               | Within the European Monetary Zone I often see money
               | arrive in 10-30 minutes (crossing borders).
        
               | tomca32 wrote:
               | That's a fair comment. I don't use Transferwise, rather
               | just wire money via Chase Bank to an IBAN account. You
               | are right that there is an intermediary bank involved in
               | the process.
               | 
               | Also yes, within Europe, an IBAN to IBAN transfer is
               | pretty much instantaneous. However US is not in the IBAN
               | system, so that's a different story.
               | 
               | There are probably multiple reasons why the transfer
               | takes a week, but the spirit of my comment was that an
               | hour long (at worst) transaction time for BTC is actually
               | very fast if you look at it through the international
               | money transfer lens.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | honest question: what's the advantage of bitcoins over
               | amazon gift cards (or any other prepaid credit)?
               | 
               | they are immediate, cheap and can be exchanged for real
               | money for free.
        
               | tomca32 wrote:
               | I don't know. I never tried doing that. Amazon is pretty
               | useless in Croatia so that probably wouldn't work, but
               | there might be some prepaid cards that would.
               | 
               | I don't know, haven't explored that option honestly.
        
               | FalconSensei wrote:
               | Awesome, go to the supermarket, pay with BTC and wait
               | there for an hour for your transaction to complete.
               | 
               | Or try to buy anything time/quantity limited, so you
               | don't get it because the transaction took too long to
               | complete.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, in Canada, I just do a money transfer by email
               | without any fees (if sending more than $10), and it's
               | almost instant if the receiver have auto-deposit set up.
        
               | makruiten wrote:
               | How does that email system work? Can't you just do free
               | instant wire transfers in Canada?
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | Possibly something like Zelle (in the US, not sure where
               | else). Using someone's contact information (phone or
               | email) you can send money to them quickly and easily.
               | They can set it up with whichever bank and change it as
               | they desire, no banking information never needs to be
               | communicated between the two parties.
        
               | sizzle wrote:
               | Why would you have to wait an hour? A credit card isn't
               | instant? Isn't there some level of trust involved here?
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | You won't have to wait an hour because MasterCard will
               | support Bitcoin. However, this completely goes against
               | the idea of decentralization.
        
               | faffe wrote:
               | Actually the article mention " select crypto" but not the
               | BTC.
               | 
               | And to be honest I do not see the point for them to
               | support a decentralised currency like. just complying
               | with the regulatory rules ( KYC, anti Money
               | laundering,etc...) Would be a real nightmare
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | But how quickly does SWIFT or ACH settle? When one wires
               | money overseas, settlement is counted in days, not
               | minutes or hours as in bitcoin's case. Most of us use
               | layer 2 or 3 solutions in our legacy national currency
               | systems, such as Cash App, PayPal, Venmo, etc. Non elite
               | don't have access directly to FedWire or ACH or SWIFT...
               | it all has to pass through banks and other 'trusted third
               | parties.'
               | 
               | Also, eventually most lower-value transactions in bitcoin
               | will be on layer two technologies, like the lightning
               | network (peer to peer) or liquid bitcoin (federated peer
               | to peer, mostly for exchanges and traders to quickly move
               | funds between exchanges).
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | That's the thing. By the time the transfer takes place, BTC
             | exchange rate is now 7% off. How convenient is the transfer
             | mechanism when the underlying is a speculative instrument?
             | 
             | Until BTC exchange rate gets stable or gets pegged do the
             | ground, it's gonna float around in the air of extreme
             | volatility and manipulation - pretty risky adventure to
             | transfer large sums of money.
        
               | spmurrayzzz wrote:
               | This is problematic for layer 1 settlement for sure. But
               | there are layer 2 solutions that can help with the
               | slippage issue (lightning network being the most
               | prevalent). With a sufficient density of multisig wallet
               | availability, as a proxy for liquidity, transactions are
               | near-instant.
               | 
               | That said, there are differences in settlement guarantees
               | at layer 2 that might make certain use cases less
               | optimal.
        
               | vineyardmike wrote:
               | > for layer 1 settlement for sure. But there are layer 2
               | 
               | layers?
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | Sure. Layers, like the Internet is made up of protocol
               | layers.
               | 
               | Bitcoin on-chain is layer one: slow, sure, and after 6
               | confirmations considered irreversible and immutable.
               | 
               | Layer 2 protocols would include the lightning network and
               | the liquid bitcoin protocols - both systems designed for
               | different use cases, with differing technological
               | benefits and risks. There may be other layer 2 systems
               | that I'm not aware of.
               | 
               | Some might consider the OpenBazaar marketplace protocol,
               | the Open Timestamps (https://opentimestamps.org/)
               | application, or the Bisq decentralized bitcoin/fiat
               | exchange to be layer 2 applications, as they're built
               | directly on top of bitcoin but includes protocols. But I
               | think they're simple examples of the kinds of
               | applications that can be built on top of the programmable
               | trust-net that bitcoin represents.
               | 
               | Because bitcoin is a decentralized and permissionless
               | technology protocol, anyone who thinks of a way to build
               | on top of it can do so---without needing anyone else's
               | permission.
               | 
               | Layer 3 might be applications built on top of layer 2,
               | such as the censorship resistant Juggernaut chat app,
               | built on top of the lightning network:
               | https://www.getjuggernaut.com/. As layer 2 matures, I
               | imagine we'll begin to see a wave of creativity unleashed
               | globally as people create layer 3 applications.
        
               | spmurrayzzz wrote:
               | Yea this terminology is borrowed from the OSI model for
               | networking, with which you're likely familiar. It
               | originally was used as just an analogy, but has
               | increasingly just become the way the space describes (and
               | markets) the different protocol layers of
               | cryptocurrencies generally.
        
               | panarky wrote:
               | I prefer to own an asset with high volatility that gets
               | more valuable over time than an asset with low volatility
               | that gets less valuable over time.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | We aren't talking about assets and what you've just said
               | is the reason we have controlled inflation. Currency
               | isn't supposed to incentivize hoarding it, quite the
               | opposite in fact.
        
               | vntok wrote:
               | Not everyone agrees with that view. I for one would
               | rather people spent their hard-earned money in a smart,
               | slow and well-thought way than feel compelled by
               | inflation to do so fast and lose.
        
               | pertymcpert wrote:
               | Yeah but that disincentivizes investments.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | They may not agree, but currency isn't supposed to be an
               | investment it's supposed to be a rationing device.
        
               | ur-whale wrote:
               | >we have controlled inflation
               | 
               | We do not have controlled inflation (I'm assuming you're
               | talking about USistan). Please remember that the fed is
               | an independent institution which refuses to get audited.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | I am beyond sick of this Libertarian lie that has somehow
               | gone mainstream. The Federal Reserve is audited bi-
               | annually by both a public and private commission
               | 
               | https://www.newyorkfed.org/aboutthefed/fedpoint/fed35.htm
               | l
               | 
               | https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/about_12784.htm
               | 
               | In regards to your first point, inflation is targeted at
               | ~2.5% a year. Some years do better and some do worse but
               | on average that is the inflation rate. I challenge you to
               | look at the inflation rates (provided below) in the first
               | half of last century and provide a reasoned argument for
               | why having years with +16% inflation (and years with -10%
               | inflation) is a better system of currency than what we
               | have now where people freak out if the deviation is over
               | 2%. The gold standard provided a volatility that only
               | hurt those with less money, and the argument your making
               | is a fallacy (and is the reason I left the Libertarian
               | party four years ago.)
               | 
               | https://inflationdata.com/Inflation/Inflation_Rate/Histor
               | ica...
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | It absolutely is controlled[0], just perhaps not
               | controlled in a way you would personally like.
               | 
               | (Also, I recommend you quit it with the "USistan" stuff.
               | It comes off as childish and detracts from the point
               | you're making.)
               | 
               | [0] Maybe "strongly influenced" is a better framing when
               | talking about the Fed.
        
               | panarky wrote:
               | Inflation is only "controlled" for some baskets of goods.
               | 
               | If your basket of goods consists of salty snacks and
               | consumer electronics, then yes, inflation is controlled.
               | 
               | But if your basket of goods consists of Hamptons real
               | estate and fine art, then your inflation rate feels a lot
               | steeper.
               | 
               | Investors are finding it very difficult to discover
               | investments that don't depreciate with respect to that
               | second basket of goods.
               | 
               | That's why institutions, family offices and high net
               | worth individuals are shifting single-digit percentage
               | allocations into Bitcoin.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | You're talking about something entirely different from
               | what the parent comment is. What you're talking about is
               | a long-term investment.
        
             | kelnos wrote:
             | People who want to move millions or billions of dollars
             | around don't care about a $30 wire fee. What they _do_ care
             | about is recourse in the case of fraud or mistakes, which
             | Bitcoin by design does not give you.
             | 
             | Moving large amount of money without government
             | interference, however, is certainly a feature of Bitcoin
             | that fiat currency usually doesn't have. And there are some
             | (though perhaps not many?) non-shady reasons why someone
             | might want this.
        
             | mancerayder wrote:
             | Forget million and billions. Hasn't anyone on this thread
             | lived and worked abroad? Transferring 10s of thousands from
             | the US to the EU or vice versa costs a ton in the banks
             | skimming off the back of exchange rates that they choose
             | and fees. There are ways to do it via trading accounts but
             | it's a pain.
        
               | louloulou wrote:
               | It's actually pretty cheap and easy these days with a
               | transferwise account. But I agree, it used to be a
               | massive pain, and still is for smaller currencies or more
               | closed-off banking systems like japan.
        
             | cortesoft wrote:
             | The price volatility is way more expensive than transaction
             | cost, if you have billions of dollars.
        
               | ad31mar wrote:
               | It's usually in your favour tho.
               | 
               | Anyways, there are plenty of stablecoins if that's your
               | thing and you can use Bitcoin (the network) for the rails
               | only.
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | I don't think I'd be making decisions on risk for
               | BILLIONS of dollars based on something "usually" being in
               | my favor.
               | 
               | Also, stablecoins staying "stable" is a huge risk you are
               | taking on if you use them.
               | 
               | Again, if you have billions of dollars, you are going to
               | be doing a lot more risk analysis and want a lot less
               | uncertainty than you are going to get with any sort of
               | cryptocurrency that exists today.
        
             | u678u wrote:
             | No if you have millions or billions basic wire transfers
             | are instant and cheap. It is more interesting for if you
             | have a few hundred or a few thousand dollars, where a
             | $10-$50 fee is significant. Or you want to bypass
             | regulations or bureaucracy eg send money to a friend in
             | Argentina or Lebanon which have currency controls.
        
               | anonisko wrote:
               | https://twitter.com/JackMallers/status/134686775325322035
               | 6
        
               | ur-whale wrote:
               | > basic wire transfers are instant and cheap
               | 
               | This is _woefully_ incorrect. Wire transfers are neither
               | instant nor cheap, depending on the source and
               | destination country.
               | 
               | If you wire from US to US, or EU to EU, they yeah, maybe.
               | 
               | The moment you move large sums across borders, especially
               | to /from countries that aren't in the US's "good guys"
               | list (as dumb and childish as that sounds, this is
               | typical language in USistan for politicians and media),
               | things gets very tricky.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | Bitcoin's use as a way of bypassing currency controls is
               | one of the best arguments against it, because
               | governments, already prone to suspicion towards anything
               | that might upset their monetary policy, will have no
               | quarter towards anything that upsets their laws.
        
               | red_trumpet wrote:
               | That's just not true. Every Bitcoin transaction is
               | conserved in the blockchain, so a government can easily
               | reconstruct the money flow.
        
               | smartties wrote:
               | And the transactions made on the exchange ? and
               | decentralized exchange ? Can they all be tracked and
               | reconstructed ?
        
               | faffe wrote:
               | BTC is not anonymous. In theory, it is possible to track
               | all the transactions. That the main reason why others
               | crypto like Monero or Dash had emerged
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | That, and folks like Elon Musk perpetrating blatant Pump
               | 'n Dump Schemes[1].
               | 
               | Eventually it'll be regulated after a bunch of
               | opportunistic "investors" get hosed - which ironically,
               | will make the dump even worse.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.valuethemarkets.com/2021/02/09/if-
               | dogecoin-is-a-...
        
               | cacarr wrote:
               | The dump doesn't seem to have happened yet, though. DOGE
               | has stabilized at about $.07, down from ~$.08.
        
             | ska wrote:
             | I've never understood this argument. Moving large amounts
             | of one currency between countries isn't expensive or slow
             | (relative to how quickly you typically need to do this).
             | Assuming you are allowed to do it at all. Oversight is a
             | different story, but there aren't many legitimate reasons
             | to want to do that (probably none that aren't problematic).
             | There are, of course, a ton of illegitimate reasons but
             | that's a different conversation.
             | 
             | Getting that 1mm+ from one currency to another is a whole
             | different story, but that story only gets _worse_ if you
             | involve crypto.
             | 
             | Paying $40 in wire fees to move $200 sucks, but it's just
             | not an issue on large transactions. So I think your real
             | use case is lots of small transactions, not a few big ones.
             | And unless you can spend the crypto directly, the
             | volatility can kill this application pretty easily.
             | 
             | What am I missing?
        
           | waprin wrote:
           | I used to think cryptocurrency was a solution in search of a
           | problem, but the Robinhood fiasco has made me think
           | otherwise. I find their clearing house explanation woefully
           | insufficient in details, and open to the possiblity of being
           | technically the truth but misleading (for example, they gave
           | mass margin to lots of new accounts so they technically
           | lacked collateral, but if they stopped new signups then
           | cleared cash non-margin accounts would have been able to
           | freely trade).
           | 
           | Some might call me a conspiracy theorist, but the fact
           | remains there's no good way to verify any of what they're
           | telling us is true, other than to trust people with billion
           | dollar reasons to mislead, or rely on an SEC which has
           | repeatedly failed to do its job and stand up to big
           | institutions (see Moody's subprime ratings, or Robinhood
           | already getting fined by SEC but for trivial amounts).
           | 
           | There's certainly pump and dumps, fraud and manipulation in
           | crypto, but some could argue a lot of stocks exist right now
           | with terrible fundamentals but huge market caps that nobody
           | labels a pump and dump because "serious" institutions say the
           | valuations are "forward looking."
           | 
           | All this is to say, finance is a game with massive incentives
           | to deceive and manipulate. We see that in the traditional
           | finance space and in the crypto space . But long term, Id
           | argue in many ways the decentralized nature of crypto lends
           | itself to far more transparency than our traditional systems.
           | 
           | Now, that doesn't mean it makes sense to buy coffee with
           | crypto, or that a specific coin is the solution, especially
           | one with the type of technical challenges BTC has. But in a
           | broader sense, I do think decentralized finance is starting
           | to look more and more like the future, if the alternative is
           | to continually put trust into institutions that repeatedly
           | betray that trust.
        
             | nexthash wrote:
             | Call me back when crypto is being used for anything normal
             | - buying groceries, homes, pay checks, etc rather than
             | trading and speculation. As of now, if my job attempts to
             | pay me in DogeCoin I will quit and file a complaint with
             | the NLRB. The thing is, no matter how much you think the
             | current financial system is crooked, there is always a way
             | to settle disputes through courts and regulators.
             | 
             | The worst financial hiccups happen in areas _without_
             | regulation. There were no rules on selling subprime
             | mortgages or shorting more stock than exists, but unlike in
             | the cryptoverse if something blows up it can be patched
             | with legislation and restitution to victims. If your crypto
             | gets stolen or a coin gets pumped and dumped, there is no
             | recourse. With no connection to the real world comes no
             | trust and no mercy.
        
             | anythingdude321 wrote:
             | so nice to see the hackernews crowd finally figuring it
             | out!
             | 
             | i totally agree with you. i feel that if you keep digging,
             | you'll find yourself convinced over time that BTC's
             | "technical challenges" are not the flaws that they
             | originally appear, and that in the long run crypto does
             | make sense as a currency itself, in addition to a financial
             | infrastructure.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | tgraves83 wrote:
           | I agree that paying for things directly with bitcoin doesn't
           | make sense. However, that doesn't mean bitcoin doesn't have a
           | use case as a global settlement network and volatility isn't
           | what's important, it's liquidity, which bitcoin has far more
           | of then any other cryptocurrency.
           | 
           | For an example of this take a look at something like Strike
           | Global using bitcoin's lightning network.
           | 
           | https://jimmymow.medium.com/announcing-strike-
           | global-2392b90...
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | >it's liquidity, which bitcoin has far more of then any
             | other cryptocurrency.
             | 
             | "Far more of than any other cryptocurrency" is kind of a
             | moot point. Does "bitcoin" (the people converting it to
             | cash) have enough reserves in any _real_ currency to cover
             | even 10% of its value? There 's no federal government
             | backing it, and as best I can tell nothing to prevent the
             | proverbial "run on the bank".
             | 
             | I still struggle to see how bitcoin has anymore intrinsic
             | value than collecting pokemon cards. It's worth something
             | right up until it isn't without a major government
             | supporting it.
        
               | tgraves83 wrote:
               | It doesn't sound like you bothered reading the link I
               | posted. Price volatility caused by a "run on the bank"
               | doesn't really matter if you are sending payments between
               | two people using different currencies. The link I posted
               | describes an app that as an example allows a payment to
               | be sent from someone in the US to someone in Europe and
               | have it settled instantly. Bitcoin is only used on the
               | end of each transaction and converted in and out of
               | dollars and euro's instantaneously making it's price
               | irrelevant.
               | 
               | The intrinsic value argument is old and tired at this
               | point so I'm not even going to bother with it.
               | 
               | Yes, Bitcoin at this stage is extremely volatile and
               | anyone buying it to hold as an investment should
               | understand it can lose or gain a lot of value quickly.
               | However, it does have multiple use cases at this point
               | that clearly the market has determined have some type of
               | value. We're still figuring that out.
               | 
               | As a side note, if you do some digging you can find some
               | pretty good on-chain analytics that can theoretically put
               | a sort of floor on the price based on how coins have
               | moved over time. There are now quite a few sites like
               | glassnode.com, cryptoquant.com, coinmentrics.io etc that
               | provide this data or if you are technical enough set up
               | your own node and verify it for yourself.
        
               | tw04 wrote:
               | I DID read the link. As with everything bitcoin related,
               | the actual meat of the problem is hand-waved away with
               | marketing BS.
               | 
               | >Strike then takes the bitcoins and automatically
               | converts them back into Euros using its real-time
               | automated risk management and trading infrastructure.
               | 
               | Really, they convert Bitcoin into Euros with a "real-time
               | automated risk management and trading infrastructure"?
               | That explains literally nothing. Who owns the Euro
               | currency that is willing to sell it for bitcoin? Where is
               | the liquidity coming from?
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | Your view must be skewed by privilege of having stable
           | currency. Currency of my country lost 250% of its value over
           | last 7 years. It's not bitcoin-level volatile, but close to
           | it. Thankfully I have an option to use USD to hoard money,
           | but that option is not something that's given, in many
           | countries you just can't exchange for fair price.
           | 
           | I agree that for someone living in US or EU there's no much
           | point using BTC.
        
             | undefined1 wrote:
             | > I agree that for someone living in US or EU there's no
             | much point using BTC
             | 
             | at the moment, but we are seeing institutional failure all
             | around. as trust in the institutions fall, the importance
             | and value of crypto/decentralization increases.
        
             | cma wrote:
             | How did it lose more than 100% of its value?
        
               | sz4kerto wrote:
               | I'm living in an EU-member country. Our currency has lost
               | half of its value compared to the USD since 2008.
               | 
               | How? 'Slowly and steadily.'
        
               | forty wrote:
               | Interestingly we have the opposite problem, our customers
               | mostly pay in USD and many of our employees are paid in
               | EUR, which is pretty high vs USD lately, and that
               | difference costs us quite a lot.
        
               | u678u wrote:
               | This is pretty misleading though, 2008 the USD tanked.
               | GBPUSD and EURUSD were crazy high and currencies like
               | RON, PLN had bigger swings, but if you look 20 years you
               | can't say things have changed that much, esp with all the
               | other changes in the world.
        
               | scandox wrote:
               | I think they mean mathematically how could it lose more
               | than 100%.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | My guess is they meant their equivalent of the $4
               | cappuccino is now $10 (or more) in their local currency,
               | which while not mathematically correct is probably the
               | most intuitive way to understand it (as compared to
               | losing 60% which would more than double prices).
               | 
               | Not the poster though.
        
               | vbezhenar wrote:
               | You're right. 1 USD = 155 KZT in 2014, 1 USD = 425 KZT
               | right now.
        
               | buran77 wrote:
               | In all honesty though if you started using BTC as your
               | main currency*, replacing your national currency, one day
               | you'd have your money in BTC, the next day their value
               | would be wiped out. We're not talking about a slow and
               | steady decline, halving of the value in a decade. We're
               | talking "no money to buy food for the next few months".
               | Many people in countries with unstable currencies are
               | particularly vulnerable to this kind of fluctuations
               | because in general they have nothing to absorb the shock,
               | no assets, no savings, etc. Unlike traders these people
               | can't just wait for the rebound, by that time they're
               | bankrupt.
               | 
               | BTC is useful for exactly the scenarios it's almost
               | exclusively used in now: speculative transactions (buy
               | low, sell high), or transactions for less than legal
               | stuff and the overwhelming majority of proponents are in
               | these 2 camps. There's a much smaller group of proponents
               | made up of people who don't understand currencies in
               | general (besides the basics, like spending them), or
               | cryptocurrencies in particular.
               | 
               | I'm sure _some_ form of electronic tender would fill this
               | role you 're describing but it's not BTC and probably
               | none of the major cryptocurrencies on the market now.
               | 
               | * (putting aside the network capacity, number of
               | transactions/sec, the cost of producing a BTC and of a
               | transaction, etc. which make it completely unsuitable for
               | the purpose of _using_ the currency instead of just
               | storing and trading it, which is probably the only
               | significant purpose of BTC today)
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I don't think you're wrong. You might be missing a bigger
               | game though.
               | 
               | BTC is fundamentally deflationary in nature - let's
               | ignore the price volatility and the like for now, I'll
               | cover that later.
               | 
               | It has also so far proven incredibly resistant to attack,
               | both inside and outside the community and despite easy
               | billion dollar payouts if an attack would be successful.
               | 
               | There are also efforts making good progress (lightning
               | network among others), addressing structural issues, and
               | large scale semi regulated brokers with good track
               | records (coinbase, kraken).
               | 
               | The price volatility is speculative, and while some is
               | get rich quick (well, a lot), some is also what happens
               | in a deflationary spiral.
               | 
               | If we speculate that Bitcoin will end up being a 'not
               | able to be broken by a greedy gov't like all the other
               | currencies' means of exchange, the current price is
               | cheap. Every large institution will need some to clear
               | central bank type transactions (the part that may be what
               | ends up on the blockchain), and 14 million ish isn't
               | enough at current prices.
               | 
               | If we speculate that will never happen; the current price
               | is ridiculous and it's all just a giant Ponzi scheme.
               | 
               | Frankly, neither of these options it is fair to rule out,
               | and the volatility is because of uncertainty and the wide
               | variability in value for Bitcoin between these options.
               | 
               | We're entering a stage where global attitudes are
               | shifting to one of distrust, especially between countries
               | and citizens and their gov'ts, and some means of exchange
               | that doesn't require a distrusted entity to play nice has
               | value, even if it isn't 50k per.
        
               | buran77 wrote:
               | > There are also efforts making good progress
               | 
               | I agree but in the grand scheme of currencies and payment
               | infrastructures they barely got out the door.
               | 
               | I believe today and for the foreseeable future BTC will
               | be adequate almost exclusively for speculative traders
               | and people who need legal deniability. Most people throw
               | around narrow interpretations for why BTC would be good
               | and they're all good explanations if you look just at
               | selected arguments. Take the "BTC is great as a currency
               | in countries with steady high inflation" stance which
               | might hold if you consider only a really narrow set of
               | set of BTC criteria.
               | 
               | I'm not ruling out anything for _some_ future really. As
               | a personal opinion I believe there 's room for e-coins
               | (I'll stay away from the "crypto" nomenclature as they
               | may not rely on a blockchain or crypto per se) but BTC in
               | particular has no real room in a CB for more than a fad
               | (also speculative). Think at the central mandate of a CB:
               | price stability and inflation. Controlling these is
               | quintessentially antithetical to BTC as a main currency,
               | or as _a_ currency. BTC as a decentralized currency takes
               | central banking out of the equation. Or conversely
               | central banks take decentralized currencies out of the
               | equation.
               | 
               | So even if you think of it pragmatically, no government
               | or central bank (since they should be as independent from
               | each other as it gets) would allow replacing the
               | country's currency with BTC both for "selfish" reasons -
               | they'd lose control. But maybe even more importantly for
               | national security reasons. No country wants a coin which
               | can be sent spinning just because some CEO (or worse,
               | your enemy) decided to pull a shady maneuver for personal
               | gain.
               | 
               | The kind of control currencies need to be fit for the
               | purpose of a general, national currency for your citizens
               | simply precludes using BTC at that scale. Should BTC ever
               | become as "big" as a real national currency I'm certain
               | it would show many of the same cracks. Except the small
               | players (average Joe) would have nobody to turn to when
               | things go sour. No central authority, no central
               | responsibility. You see this whenever there's a new hack
               | or financial maneuver that parts people from their hard
               | earned cryptomoney how they suddenly lose that blind
               | faith in "the coin that governments can't control" and
               | start asking for regulation. You can only regulate when
               | you have control.
        
               | f00zz wrote:
               | They probably mean that USD is up 250% against their
               | currency.
        
             | nexthash wrote:
             | It doesn't make a difference whether a currency is paper or
             | digital - if digital currency takes over in your country,
             | the exact same thing will happen. The government will
             | regulate its use, punish those using crypto 'unlawfully',
             | and print more when it needs to, making it lose value.
             | 
             | See, it doesn't matter what the technology behind a
             | currency is, it ain't going anywhere on your government's
             | turf without permission. They have the ability, if they
             | choose, to go door to door looking for 'unlawful money
             | launderers' or any other designation they slap on the use
             | of crypto and there's nothing you can do about it.
        
             | vishnugupta wrote:
             | > Currency of my country lost 250% of its value over last 7
             | years. It's not bitcoin-level volatile, but close to it.
             | 
             | The way I understand volatility, it means wild swings in
             | both directions over short periods. Your country's currency
             | however has been monotonically weakening. And the citizens
             | have been able to react to that steady decline by storing
             | their wealth in different forms, as you said yourself that
             | you've been storing it in USD.
             | 
             | For sure even USD denominated assets have periods of
             | volatility as we saw March last year when the entire world
             | sought to refuge in the safety of US treasury bills or
             | currency. Oil too witnessed some crazy gyrations like
             | negative future pride. But they are in reaction to the
             | extraordinary phase the world was going through then, when
             | the world and hence the business practically shut down.
             | Something which hasn't happened in at least a generation.
             | 
             | Butcoin prices on the other hand regularly swing 10-15 in a
             | day. Definitely not something you'd call stable compared to
             | any of the world's current currencies. Perhaps these swings
             | will dampen over time?
        
             | elyobo wrote:
             | I'm not sure what you mean by "lost 250% of its value" -
             | that seems impossible, so I guess something has been lost
             | in translation! Can you clarify?
        
               | Ashanmaril wrote:
               | Everyone who had money before now owes 250% of it.
               | 
               | But people who were in debt are doing great!
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | There are loads of cases of hyper-inflation, which means
               | that the currency's real-world value decreases.
               | 
               | Here's the worst I've ever heard of:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_Zimbabwe
               | 
               | Yes, you read that right:
               | 
               | "However, Zimbabwe's peak month of inflation is estimated
               | at 79.6 billion percent month-on-month, 89.7 sextillion
               | percent year-on-year in mid-November 2008."
               | 
               | I recall interviews with government employees, who were
               | quitting in droves. The Government wasn't keeping up with
               | inflation, so at the end of 2 weeks, your check was
               | basically worthless.
               | 
               | The place was falling apart.
               | 
               | People would _run_ to the bank, cash pay checks, and buy
               | STUFF. Anything. Anything physical. TVs, couches, bikes,
               | blenders, ANYTHING. In one interview, a woman 's living
               | room was filled with random pieces of furniture, stacked
               | to the ceiling, and a TV.
               | 
               | To trade. For barter.
               | 
               | Because even an hour later, that paycheck was worth so
               | much less.
               | 
               | Madness.
        
               | nexthash wrote:
               | Yeah, it's crazy sad. Apparently the same thing is
               | starting to happen now in Zimbabwe _again_ with a 737.9%
               | annual increase. At this point they are screwing over
               | their people and any reasonable citizen shouldn 't rely
               | on or trust the currency at all.
               | 
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-14/zimbab
               | we-...
        
             | rustybelt wrote:
             | Am I dumb? How does something lose over 100% of it's value?
        
             | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
             | Bitcoin, at least, absolutely does not solve this problem.
             | Let's leave aside its volatility for now and assume it
             | magically stays at exactly the same price. You are then
             | left using a currency where each transaction costs several
             | dollars and takes a half an hour, _and that 's the present
             | state of affairs when no one is using it_. So you would
             | keep your cryptocurrency in a bank and transfer it through
             | the normal channels, which opens it up to the same
             | government controls you're concerned about. That's if
             | you're allowed to hold cryptocurrency at all.
             | 
             | Hyperinflation is a problem of massive corruption and
             | incompetence in government. It doesn't happen by accident
             | in an otherwise stable society. If you're concerned about
             | hyperinflation, you should assume the bank (or "exchange")
             | will be subverted and transactions will be censored.
             | Bitcoin was built to solve those problems, but does not
             | scale and so cannot.
             | 
             | This is, by the way, the only situation where I'm at all
             | sympathetic to cryptocurrencies. If someone can come up
             | with a cryptocurrency that scales and that isn't controlled
             | by cartels, I'll be glad that it can be used in unstable
             | parts of the world.
        
               | SailingSperm wrote:
               | 30 mins for FINAL international settlement of arbitrary $
               | amounts between $0.001 - $100B IS fast - and the uptime
               | for the BTC network is 100% since inception ~2011.
               | 
               | If you're really wanting to compare apples to apples -
               | For traditional banks doing cross border transactions, it
               | takes up to five days at most global banks, not counting
               | weekends or bank holidays to actually settle with a lot
               | more intermediaries involved.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | > So you would keep your cryptocurrency in a bank and
               | transfer it through the normal channels
               | 
               | You do your daily spending through the normal channels,
               | sure, but why would you need to keep your cryptocurrency
               | _savings_ in a bank in such a situation?
        
             | sfblah wrote:
             | I don't actually understand. Things can't lose any more
             | than 100% of their value. What do you mean by 250%? Do you
             | mean inflation was at a 250% rate?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | halukakin wrote:
             | Even if BTC were available to all countries, it wouldn't
             | have stopped local currency value losses. And ironically
             | hoarding stronger currencies makes local currencies lose
             | value even faster.
        
               | dash2 wrote:
               | Sure, but it protects the individual saver, and
               | governments are capable of debauching their currency with
               | or without the existence of BTC.
        
             | tenaciousDaniel wrote:
             | It's sad that this aspect of the conversation so often gets
             | replaced by everything else. This is (IMO) the most
             | important point about digital currency - the promise of
             | providing consumers in unstable economies the chance to
             | convert to a more stable currency without government
             | intrusion. We're still not there, but that should be the
             | north star for crypto (again, in my opinion).
        
               | ccheney wrote:
               | You're right, we're still not there yet. I love the idea
               | of cryptocurrency but it's being treated more like a
               | speculative investment vehicle than a currency for goods
               | & services. Sure, you can buy some stuff with it but its
               | volatility is generated through all of the speculators.
               | 
               | It needs to be stabilized if we're ever going to replace
               | fiat currency.
        
               | l_pan_ wrote:
               | It has already been
               | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stablecoin.asp
               | 
               | Andreessen Horowitz invested $15 million in
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dai_(cryptocurrency)
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | What happens to stablecoins when central banks hand out
               | digital wallets [1] to everyone alongside instant
               | payments [2]?
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/econographics/the-
               | rise...
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant_payment#Example
               | s_of_in...
        
               | GoblinSlayer wrote:
               | Fiat systems impose the risk of opacity, regulatory
               | heuristics and reversible transactions.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | But none of that requires cryptocurrencies in their
               | current form.
               | 
               | You're talking about a supranational currency, and I have
               | sincere doubts that grifters of all sorts would not try
               | to take over and manipulate such a currency, as they have
               | for bitcoin.
               | 
               | The governance is more important than the tech IMO.
        
               | halukakin wrote:
               | Say everyone in an unstable economy were paid in usd. If
               | that country has foreign deficit, if that country has
               | high government debt. What happens? How can the
               | government keep paying its own employees? How does it pay
               | retiree checks? How does it subsidize farming when
               | needed? As long as a country cannot print usd itself,
               | this is a fast shortcut to unemployment, hunger, etc...
               | 
               | Strong currencies are not the solution to poor
               | governance. Good governance and democracy makes a country
               | and its currency strong. Not vice versa.
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | > Strong currencies are not the solution to poor
               | governance. Good governance and democracy makes a country
               | and its currency strong. Not vice versa.
               | 
               | That's a good point. Too many people propose
               | individualist solutions to social problems, and all their
               | "solution" would do is make the social problem worse.
               | 
               | I think that stems often stems from an overzealous faith
               | in free markets, which leads to a distorted idea that
               | individual self interest factored over all of society
               | _always_ results in social benefits, so you only need to
               | consider things from the perspective of an individual
               | (which is also far more familiar to most people).
               | Sometimes individual self interest does lead to social
               | benefits, but often it doesn 't.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Markets only exist within the context of a political
               | system. They are just a tool to reach a certain policy
               | outcome. The idea of using the free market to replace
               | poor governance is laughable. It's the opposite. You have
               | to set the right policies and incentives and only then
               | will the free market show its true beauty. Markets fail
               | or succeed because of improper or proper governance.
               | 
               | It's like a genetic/ML algorithm that is optimizing for a
               | cost function. If your cost function is awful your
               | algorithm will be awful but that's not an argument in
               | favor of getting rid of cost functions entirely.
        
               | reedjosh wrote:
               | > Markets fail or succeed because of improper or proper
               | governance.
               | 
               | I have yet to see proper governance last long enough to
               | be of any note and worse governance tends to quickly flip
               | to favor the powerful.
        
               | ajmurmann wrote:
               | Hong Kong and Singapore might be great examples
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | Thank you! Sure fine at some base level there is still
               | technically market in a purely anarcho-capitalist system
               | but that doesn't suddenly imply that the markets we have
               | aren't essentially a pseudo-central planning systems that
               | actually work.
               | 
               | A market is useless if it doesn't actually allocate goods
               | and labor efficiently and in the way people want.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | vishnugupta wrote:
               | > As long as a country cannot print usd itself, this is a
               | fast shortcut to unemployment, hunger, etc...
               | 
               | We don't even need to make up hypothetical examples. We
               | have a live one in Greece. The Greek citizens went
               | through this exact ordeal for the exact reason you
               | stated. They couldn't print EUR and the ECB wouldn't
               | extent monetary support to Greek government.
        
               | LudwigNagasena wrote:
               | The Greek citizens went through this because the Greek
               | government has been lying for many years in its financial
               | reports.
        
               | deeeeplearning wrote:
               | Lol found the German
        
               | reedjosh wrote:
               | > Say everyone in an unstable economy were paid in usd.
               | 
               | Then that country would be paying the unseen tax of
               | inflation as the US banking system prints more and more
               | USD. Said country would basically be a US colony.
        
               | variaga wrote:
               | TIL Zimbabwe, Ecuador, El Salvador, Palau, East Timor and
               | the British Virgin Islands are all "basically US
               | colonies".
               | 
               | What about countries that don't use the dollar as
               | currency directly, but keep a fixed exchange rate to the
               | dollar - they would be paying the unseen tax of inflation
               | too, right? With a fixed exchange rate if the dollar
               | value falls, so will the value of their currency. So that
               | would mean Hong Kong, Cuba, Jordan and the Netherlands
               | are all "basically US colonies" too. (China may be kind
               | of surprised about that first one.)
               | 
               | Does this work for other currencies, or just $USD? Are
               | Martinique, Andorra, Montenegro and Kosovo "basically EU
               | colonies"? - they all use the Euro as currency, but are
               | not part of either the EU or the EEA.
               | 
               | We don't actually have to hypothesize about what would
               | happen if an unstable economy switched everything over to
               | dollars (or Euros), either directly or by exchange rate
               | peg, because it has already happened, many times.
               | 
               | https://www.worlddata.info/currencies/usd-us-dollar.php
        
               | reedjosh wrote:
               | Your argument from incredulity doesn't make what I say
               | less true. Maybe my language was a bit strong, but
               | there's no denying if somebody can freely make more of
               | something you value, then they're gaining from your use
               | of said valuable.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | l_pan_ wrote:
               | Well said. I believe this is why the US and many others
               | abandoned the gold standard.
        
               | forty wrote:
               | Why would someone give btc against a more risky local
               | money? What I wonder is, why is it more convenient for
               | someone who has some unstable money available to trade it
               | for btc rather than euro directly for example? - i assume
               | the end goal is to convert it back to a real money you
               | can use to purchase thing?
        
               | GoblinSlayer wrote:
               | Why would someone give euro against a more risky local
               | money?
        
               | forty wrote:
               | hence my question, what does btc change?
        
               | sjy wrote:
               | Governments with unstable currencies sometimes impose
               | restrictions on the ability to buy and sell them, and
               | bitcoin makes it easier to evade these.
        
               | sorbits wrote:
               | Normally the government leverages its power to keep its
               | currency stable. If a country fails at that, the
               | residents tend to switch to another country's currency,
               | for example USD is widely accepted in countries with
               | unstable currencies, and this makes sense, since a lot of
               | commodity prices are set in USD.
               | 
               | What we have seen with crypto currencies are extreme
               | volatility, not useful to base a country's economy on,
               | and because it is decentralized, no-one can really
               | intervene to control this volatility, by e.g. changing
               | the interest rate, and nothing is priced in crypto
               | currencies, to sort of keep it tied to something.
               | 
               | The only metric for what a coin should cost seems to be
               | the electricity/leasing of computers required to mine
               | one. But even this metric is not good, as it is
               | proportional to the size of the network, which is not a
               | constant, and is likely to grow, as the price goes up.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Devils advocate - it is possible the large swings are
               | also because it does not have the counterbalancing effect
               | of a large economy on it, and as it gets used more often
               | that will change.
               | 
               | Being able to buy something I want today, because the
               | price went up from yesterday, or saving today when I
               | would have spent, because the price has dropped today
               | causes a regulating effect.
               | 
               | Right now the usage of it is low, small changes in this
               | equation have an outsized effect.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Thorentis wrote:
               | Why is encouraging people in such countries to use <some
               | cryptocurrency> better than making the US Dollar more
               | accessible to these people? If stability is the goal, I
               | find it hard to accept that DogeCoin is the answer to the
               | developing/third world's economic problems.
        
               | tenaciousDaniel wrote:
               | I don't think DogeCoin is the answer to anything at all,
               | tbh.
        
           | kolinko wrote:
           | The value is in ease of use for some cases.
           | 
           | Or, in other words, what's the point of having a stable
           | currency if you can't use it in smart contracts?
        
         | cableshaft wrote:
         | > ...ironically those buyers aren't interested in spending
         | cryptocurrency using their MasterCard.
         | 
         | > They're hoping other people will buy cryptocurrency from
         | these announcements, driving the price up.
         | 
         | So what? Does every investor use the products of the companies
         | they invest in? Professional investors don't care about that,
         | they care about how well the company is doing and what they
         | think its trajectory will be (up or down), not whether they
         | personally will use the services offered.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | Bitcoin isn't a company, though. It's an asset. Bitcoin
           | itself doesn't do better or worse or grow in value. It's just
           | moving up and down according to supply and demand.
        
         | 3np wrote:
         | I'm not so sure.
         | 
         | A move like this can increase the confidence that the Bitcoin
         | price won't go down in the long-term - that is, someone do
         | wants to spend their bitcoin in the future, and signals of
         | greater market confidence increase the perceived likelihood of
         | that.
         | 
         | The more I believe bitcoin is here to stay, the more
         | comfortable I feel allocating savings in it.
         | 
         | This time is also a bit different; 2017 was almost entirely
         | retail, this time it's a lot more businesses and institutions
         | driving the BTC market.
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | Bitcoin is used as a speculative investment today only because
         | it is so underpriced. Once its value stabilizes, its use in day
         | to day transactions will grow.
         | 
         | > Should also note that MasterCard crypto transactions almost
         | certainly won't be settled on the blockchain.
         | 
         | And neither are USD transactions. In fact, USD doesn't even
         | have a blockchain! The great thing with Bitcoin is once you
         | want to cash out your Bitcoin, you can take it with you "on
         | chain" without any intermediary (and it's a bit more convenient
         | than carrying bags of cash).
        
           | EGreg wrote:
           | False. It will never be a mainstream medium of exchange
           | because its block size can only handle 10 transactions per
           | second.
           | 
           | It will be a reserve asset, used to back actual payment
           | systems.
           | 
           | And eventually other newer technologies will supplant it, as
           | long as there are "synthetic bitcoins" that can be on that
           | new network, crypto collateralized.
           | 
           | If that new network launches as a sidechain though, then free
           | unstaked BTC will be a perpetually dwindling amount of coins,
           | and perpetually going up in price like collectibles or gold.
           | With no other thing giving them value other than everyone
           | else wanting it, and the miners / HODLers shilling it. It is
           | a perfect investmen vehicle, it can go to $50 Billion a free
           | coin once most coins are staked in other things. So,
           | ironically, competitors better in every way will drive up the
           | price for those who don't switch and keeo HODLing for
           | decades. And mining rewards will be worth so much that
           | electricity will be wasted on a bigger and bigger scale until
           | people can't afford to power their homes since bitcoin mining
           | makes more $. It's sad... but where is the flaw in the logic
        
           | raiyu wrote:
           | Bitcoin is used as a speculative instrument because by
           | definition it is deflationary. Which means it is more
           | expensive to buy something with it today, then tomorrow. Just
           | look at Chamath's tweet about how he bought a property for
           | Bitcoin in 2014 for $1.4MM but today that same amount of
           | bitcoin would be $100MM+
           | 
           | https://markets.businessinsider.com/currencies/news/chamath-.
           | ..
           | 
           | This creates an environment there is never a reason to use
           | the currency for a purchase, strictly because it's supply is
           | completely limited and never increasing over time.
           | 
           | Since the world economy continues to grow as GDP, output, and
           | the population grows, it stands to reason that if Bitcoin in
           | any way parallels our real world economic scenario, it would
           | continue to rise in price per unit, because the overall GDP
           | continues to increase.
           | 
           | As a result, it in fact never stabilizes, unless overall GDP
           | stops growing.
           | 
           | Since it never stops growing, it never makes sense to use it
           | for a purchase, and so you have a flywheel effect of ever
           | increasing upward price pressure.
        
             | wuliwong wrote:
             | It is only by definition deflationary if you are
             | specifically talking about price deflation. I know that has
             | grown to be the popular use of the term but
             | inflation/deflation is much better defined by the
             | increase/decrease in the supply itself. By that definition,
             | BTC is still inflationary for the near future until it hits
             | the 21 million BTC limit. It's just far less inflationary
             | than USD.
        
             | BenoitEssiambre wrote:
             | And this can go on until GDP is forced to shrink because
             | people and businesses are all hoarding crypto tokens
             | instead of participating in the real economy. This happened
             | almost a hundred years ago when the world got too excited
             | about gold. It' scary to think it could happen again with
             | cryptocoins.
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | What historical period are you referring to? If you look
               | at the first 200 years of US history, for example, there
               | was plenty of real world growth on spite of slow price
               | deflation. Gold and silver jointly backed the banking
               | system until the Federal reserve started the current USD
               | system in 1913.
               | 
               | In much of the rest of the world, the 40 years prior to
               | WW1 were largely characterized by economic growth, while
               | on an international (albeit decentralized on a national
               | level) gold standard.
               | 
               | What event are you thinking if?
        
               | BenoitEssiambre wrote:
               | The pre ww1 world was probably too different from today
               | to draw lessons applicable today and in any case there
               | were recessions every few years back then: https://en.wik
               | ipedia.org/wiki/List_of_recessions_in_the_Unit...
               | 
               | Gold tied assets hoarding caused the great depression.
        
               | sgeisler wrote:
               | Probably an unpopular opinion on a VC site, but to some
               | degree recessions are good and needed to weed out
               | underperforming and utterly useless companies to free up
               | resources. The lack of such and bail-outs/rescuing
               | attempts by governments to "save jobs" [1] have delayed
               | necessary restructuring for way too long. Also, if
               | recessions are the norm rather than the exception I'd
               | expect people and companies to be more prepared (e.g. by
               | being less leveraged, keeping more savings), so that the
               | actual event isn't as bad on a personal level and it's
               | just about capital reallocation.
               | 
               | [1] an especially bullshitty argument, since ideally we'd
               | want to get rid of jobs that don't add (enough) value to
               | make the economy more efficient. I think the wasted human
               | resources and ingenuity are the greatest tragedy.
        
               | BenoitEssiambre wrote:
               | Except low aggregate demand recessions do no such thing.
               | It's often the opposite. Recessions keep alive
               | inefficient manual labor intensive, low tech service
               | industries because they make available cheap
               | unemployed/underemployed labor. That's on top of the
               | inefficiency of people doing nothing and living off of
               | unemployment benefit/welfare.
               | 
               | Under performing companies get much more efficiently
               | "creatively destructed" in an economy that is running hot
               | where only the more efficient, well tooled businesses can
               | afford employees at tight labor market wages. On top of
               | this, fewer human resources are left wastefully idle.
        
           | steeve wrote:
           | How can it stabilize when it has a fixed amount of BTC?
        
             | jrwr wrote:
             | Also, The fixed amount is a rule that has not been hit yet.
             | It can be changed is software as nothing on chain prevents
             | more then the total allowed BTC. its just a good idea that
             | the amount of BTC is limited.
        
             | anm89 wrote:
             | No currencies are "stable" inflationary, deflationary or
             | neutral. Stabilize means that volatility reduces, not
             | ceases to exist.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Yes there are, thanks to positive control from central
               | banks. That's the point of central banks. Provide and
               | maintain stability through the active expansion and
               | contraction of supply against an index.
        
               | anm89 wrote:
               | Show me a currency that has the exact same inflation
               | figures every month for a single year and I'll send you a
               | bitcoin.
               | 
               | Or alternately, just view a currency index like the DXY
               | to see very closely that nothing comes close to this.
               | 
               | Here is what some real inflation data looks like (as
               | viewedin terms of CPI). It can't even decide if it wants
               | to stay positive or negative on a monthly basis.
               | 
               | https://tradingeconomics.com/euro-area/inflation-rate-mom
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > Show me a currency that has the exact same inflation
               | figures every month for a single year and I'll send you a
               | bitcoin.
               | 
               | That's strictly not a goal. The goal is a long-to-medium
               | term target average.
               | 
               | > Or alternately, just view a currency index like the DXY
               | to see very closely that nothing comes close to this.
               | 
               | DXY has little to do with domestic spending power, only
               | the relative strength of one currency compared to a
               | basket of other foreign currencies when spending abroad.
               | 
               | High vs low DXY measures the relative pricing of imports
               | vs exports. Strong dollar means cheaper imports. Weak
               | dollar means more competitive exports. This isn't really
               | inflation related, it's a separate target. After all, I
               | believe every central bank in the DXY basket has the same
               | inflation targets to within a reasonable band. [1]
               | 
               | People overwhelmingly spend within the country not
               | abroad.
               | 
               | > It can't even decide if it wants to stay positive or
               | negative on a monthly basis.
               | 
               | That monetary policy takes time to be reflected in
               | measurements in a multi-trillion dollar system isn't a
               | bug.
               | 
               | The data you show me looks pretty. darn. good.
               | 
               | > ... and I'll send you a bitcoin.
               | 
               | Please don't. I care about the earth too much to have you
               | blow 22 days (650kWh) of electricity and 100g of e-waste
               | on you sending me one. If I wanted a Bitcoin I'd have
               | plenty. You're welcome to sell it at an exchange, and
               | donate the proceeds to an environmental organization like
               | Ducks Unlimited [2].
               | 
               | That of course has the double effect of reducing the
               | price, which reduces the quantity of electricity wasted
               | on its production and security, which reduces CO2
               | emissions -- while also saving the wetlands.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/usdx.asp#:~:text
               | =The%20....
               | 
               | [2] https://www.ducks.org/support/donateOnlineSecureN2-HC
               | T.aspx?...
        
               | anm89 wrote:
               | You still haven't provided any data of any country
               | showing consistent inflation. Hell, do it over a 10 year
               | period annually. You still can't. No bitcoin for you and
               | the wetlands.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | I have no idea what you're talking about. [1]
               | 
               | Average them out. 1.75%. Right on the button.
               | 
               | The ducks are going to love you!
               | 
               | Again, the goal is not to have the number exactly on
               | every single year, it's to have it within a range. It's
               | within a range. It's within a pretty tight range. Mission
               | accomplished, even in light of the crazy pandemic years
               | and everything else that's happened in the last 12 years.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.statista.com/statistics/244983/projected-
               | inflati...
        
           | lottin wrote:
           | Since bitcoin doesn't produce income and it's not backed by
           | anything there is no way to tell whether it's 'underpriced'.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | It's ironic that the best bull case for Bitcoin is that
             | maybe it's so devoid of actual use cases that no one can
             | tell if it's overpriced relative to its (lack of) utility.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Remember that in the near term the block reward is fixed
               | in BTC and variable in electricity costs. The more
               | expensive BTC, the more power is wasted mining. The BTC
               | has to be sold off as its mined and paid to electric
               | companies. To sustain this selling, more new money has to
               | come in as a function of price to retain stability.
               | 
               | At current price and block reward, Tesla's investment of
               | $1.5B pays only 6 weeks of electric bills.
        
           | agentdrtran wrote:
           | "Once its value stabilizes, its use in day to day
           | transactions will grow." and how will it grow when it's a
           | fixed amount of currency with a fixed amount of transactions
           | per second?
        
             | nemo44x wrote:
             | You can divide it over and over. The source code is a
             | living document and transaction speed can be implemented
             | either off chain, in the code base itself, or otherwise.
             | 
             | It's weird to see so many opinions on this website that
             | think BTC is a static thing that can't or won't adopt
             | useful pull requests that miners agree are useful.
             | 
             | It's like if it were the mid-90's and everyone was just as
             | skeptical of e-commerce of the web in general.
             | 
             | Useful things get better.
        
               | zucker42 wrote:
               | > in the code base itself
               | 
               | There was a fierce debate that lead to a hard fork over
               | increasing transaction throughput by raising the block
               | size, so I think it's really not a given that BTC will
               | change to increase transaction speed.
               | 
               | Also, one problem people have with Bitcoin is that the
               | idea of every node of the network storing and processing
               | every transaction is fundamentally not scalabe. Sure BTC
               | can change and adapt, but it's hard to overcome a
               | fundamental design shortcoming.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Right and look at the result - Bitcoin Cash is a failure.
               | This is true democracy. We tested both solutions and the
               | champion still stands.
               | 
               | When there is incentive (if there ever is) then miners
               | will adopt changes that make sense. But you need a true
               | consensus. This built in conservatism is a great feature
               | of BTC.
        
               | BTCOG wrote:
               | Funny how all voices of reason in the Bitcoin threads get
               | downvoted into oblivion. I'm upvoting your posts to make
               | them seen. Correct. Bitcoin Cash was a fork that tried to
               | prove an incorrect point, and lost the fairest way
               | possible.
               | 
               | Increasing block size is simply a bad idea. You do not
               | move fast and break things in mission-critical code.
               | Bitcoin is more focused on working (as it does) and
               | remaining secure. Bitcoin is the best money the world has
               | EVER seen, and it's not important to be able to buy
               | frivolous things with Bitcoin. What is important is
               | making sure value transfer is safe and secure. Those of
               | us who routinely truly use Bitcoin understand we can
               | easily send $50-100 or whichever value you prefer and put
               | in low fees around $0.50-2 and just wait on the money to
               | securely transfer. Not many of us using Bitcoin care if
               | that takes 1-24 hours. The currency aspect is very beta
               | yet, and may even take a few more years to mature and
               | will have to come in layer 2.
        
               | ryder9 wrote:
               | except it charged me to use money, my credit card gives
               | me 1-2% back from all the money I spent... why would I
               | ever use bitcoin in any normal transactions? also, why
               | would I buy bitcoin to spend it if it's so volatile it
               | can depreciate 10-20% in a day?
        
         | devname wrote:
         | I want people to earn and spend Bitcoin Cash. Almost all
         | bitcoiners want this.
        
         | UncleOxidant wrote:
         | > Spending cryptocurrency would result in selling that
         | cryptocurrency, which would drive the price down.
         | 
         | An economy based on BTC would be highly deflationary as no one
         | would want to spend - why buy something today when it'll be
         | cheaper in a week or a month? Scarcity isn't necessarily a good
         | feature for a currency. Ideally supply of a currency should
         | increase as more people enter the economy. Such a currency
         | would aim for stability instead of aiming for the currency
         | itself to increase in value (as happens for BTC or even
         | physical gold).
        
           | emteycz wrote:
           | Finally some solution for consumerism that could work! Yay
           | Bitcoin!
        
           | nybble41 wrote:
           | > why buy something today when it'll be cheaper in a week or
           | a month?
           | 
           | Because you need it today?
           | 
           | We already see this all the time in subsets of the market
           | which experience deflating prices. If you wait a year to buy
           | that fancy device you're wanting there will most likely be a
           | better model available at a lower cost. People still buy the
           | current model, though, because there is a cost to waiting
           | which offsets the expected price deflation.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | It's a different situation when the currency itself is
             | deflationary, not the goods being purchased.
             | 
             | Instead of thinking in terms of buying a phone, think of
             | this in terms of capital allocation and investment.
             | 
             | Deflationary currencies are designed to accrue value to
             | those who don't use them. An economy built on the idea of
             | incentivizing people to not spend any money is not good at
             | all.
             | 
             | Everyone knows about the downsides of excessive inflation,
             | but deflationary spirals are a well-known economic problem.
             | In short: Deflation reduces demands for goods, which causes
             | producers to lower production targets, which causes people
             | to be laid off, which further reduces demand for goods and
             | so on.
             | 
             | A hypothetical Bitcoin economy rewards early adopters
             | massively at the expense of newcomers. The current wealth
             | situation is already heavily biased toward older
             | generations, even on an age-adjusted basis (see charts:
             | https://www.wealthmanagement.com/client-
             | relations/illustrati... ). If you think that's bad, just
             | imagine a Bitcoin economy where the underlying financial
             | system accrues wealth to the older holders, at the expense
             | of newcomers to the system.
             | 
             | People love Bitcoin because they think they're the ones
             | getting in at the ground floor, getting wealthy at the
             | expense of the new arrivals. The love for Bitcoin would
             | flip very quickly as young people realize they're deeply on
             | the losing end of that deal.
        
               | nybble41 wrote:
               | > An economy built on the idea of incentivizing people to
               | not spend any money is not good at all.
               | 
               | It's better not to induce anyone to over-spend _or_
               | under-spend. I would not advocate a _deliberately_
               | deflationary monetary policy any more than I would
               | advocate a deliberately inflationary one. The supply
               | should remain as constant as possible so as to avoid
               | injecting noise into a very important economic signaling
               | mechanism regarding the dividing line between socially
               | beneficial investment (above-average returns) and
               | malinvestment (below-average returns). Between the two,
               | though, IMHO it 's better to err on the side of
               | deflation. It's easier to correct for underconsumption or
               | underinvestment (just start spending or investing more)
               | vs. getting back resources which have already been wasted
               | on unproductive excess consumption or malinvestment. When
               | you inflate the money supply in an attempt to drive
               | people to consume more than they need or else invest in
               | ventures that may or may not actually make a positive
               | contribution to the average rate of return just to avoid
               | being penalized for holding cash you're actively
               | contributing to the destruction of wealth and making
               | everyone collectively worse off. (Though of course not
               | _everyone_ is worse off; those individuals closest to the
               | supply of new money benefit disproportionately from
               | receiving it at pre-inflated rates before it becomes
               | diluted throughout the economy.)
               | 
               | "Deflationary spirals" are a well-known economic _myth_.
               | There is no general correlation between monetary
               | deflation and a shrinking economy, much less a self-
               | destructive feedback loop. Gradual, unforced deflation
               | does not significantly affect the demand for goods--
               | people still need things _now_ , they can't just wait
               | forever for prices to improve--and while nominal wages do
               | obviously decrease over time, nominal prices of consumer
               | goods tend to decrease even faster, resulting in an
               | increase in purchasing power. As opposed to the situation
               | with money supply inflation, where prices tend to rise
               | faster than wages.
        
         | pmontra wrote:
         | > Spending cryptocurrency would result in selling that
         | cryptocurrency
         | 
         | Not necessarily. I could give you the address of 0.001 BTC over
         | the MasterCard network and you give me something I can eat (I
         | don't know if this is how it will work, but why not?) No BTC is
         | converted in fiat currency. You can hoard you BTCs for years or
         | change them in dollars as soon as you receive them. Your
         | choice.
         | 
         | Edit: I must give you the private key too.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | Doesn't work.
           | 
           | You can't guarantee that you haven't memorized the private
           | key. You can't guarantee you haven't traded the same key
           | multiple times.
           | 
           | The only way the receiver can truly guarantee ownership of
           | the BTC is to put it in a transaction, which costs money.
        
             | pmontra wrote:
             | They downvoted you but technically you are right. And yet
             | MasterCard could make it work because double spending those
             | coins would be a fraud and they'll go after their double
             | spending customers. They can guarantee the coins with the
             | weight of their legal department.
        
         | beaner wrote:
         | I'm a cryptocurrency holder and I would love it if it were
         | easier to spend.
        
         | X6S1x6Okd1st wrote:
         | There's many ways to value cryptocurrency. One of them is
         | largely driven by network effect, except it's directed edges of
         | accepts and pays in.
         | 
         | This is a huge addition to the network with a giant amount of
         | accepts edges.
        
         | me551ah wrote:
         | I don't get why bitcoin is worth so much.Bitcoin is called a
         | store of value like gold, but gold has inherent uses. If the
         | price of gold went to zero then you could still use it to make
         | jewellery or use it for electrical conductivity. If the price
         | of bitcoin goes to zero then it's worthless. It's also not
         | environmentally friendly and bitcoin mining uses up 0.21% of
         | the world's power supply. And all of this energy is used to
         | calculate billions of hashes per second out of which all but
         | one will be discarded. There is also increased regulatory focus
         | from governments who see it as a threat , with India even going
         | so far as to suggest they would ban it.
        
           | alantrrs wrote:
           | We live in the information age. Information has a lot of
           | value, most software companies' main asset is information.
           | Visa, Mastercard and all the banks are companies that are
           | valued very highly because they provide the infrastructure
           | for managing money. Bitcoin is not just the asset, it is the
           | network and the infrastructure. It's a whole system that
           | works semi autonomously by by aligning the incentives of all
           | of its members. Wouldn't you say that's valuable?
        
           | BTCOG wrote:
           | Do you typically just copy/paste the same comment on every
           | Bitcoin article rather than think of nuanced commentary? Are
           | you a part of ArcticBull's astroturfing campaign?
           | 
           | Edit: I see that you've copy/pasted it once but some other
           | commentary on Bitcoin seems mostly genuine.
        
           | ric2b wrote:
           | > If the price of gold went to zero then you could still use
           | it to make jewellery or use it for electrical conductivity.
           | If the price of bitcoin goes to zero then it's worthless.
           | 
           | Does it really matter if the bottom is 5% instead of 0%? Is
           | that honestly something you think about when choosing an
           | investment?
        
           | krsdcbl wrote:
           | I'd argue that the demand for gold jewelry would drop
           | accordingly to the gold price falling to zero. Jewelry is a
           | secondary form of said value store, nothing inherently useful
        
             | OOPMan wrote:
             | Well, unlike Bitcoins, I can put gold jewellery in a sack
             | and use it as a cosh ;-)
        
         | bmurphy1976 wrote:
         | Four or five years ago I mined Dogecoin on a lark using a
         | laptop for a month. I converted that to BTC at some point and
         | it's worth more than I ever anticipated. It won't change my
         | life but I could have some fun with the money.
         | 
         | I'm not inclined to transfer it to USD, but I'd happily spend
         | some of it were it easy to do so. Maybe buy some stocks,
         | upgrade my PC, or get a PS5 and some games? Sure, why not!
         | 
         | I'm only sitting on it because it's a hassle to use it, not
         | because I believe it's going to suddenly grow 100x in size. If
         | I really cared about the growth I'd immediately move it to some
         | index funds.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | > I'm not inclined to transfer it to USD, but I'd happily
           | spend some of it were it easy to do so.
           | 
           | Spending it is effectively the same thing as converting it to
           | USD.
           | 
           | Why are you hesitant to convert it to USD to buy something,
           | yet you'd be happy to have a 3rd party service handle the
           | BTC-USD conversion in the background and collect their profit
           | on the exchange?
           | 
           | There's no free lunch. Mastercard isn't doing this out of a
           | desire to offer free services to the people. They're
           | collecting profit by offering worse exchange rates than you
           | can get on an exchange by yourself. Same story for PayPal and
           | other providers.
        
             | bmurphy1976 wrote:
             | There's a big difference. Having to find an exchange and
             | hook everything up to my bank account is a hassle
             | (especially when I have no need to do it). Sending BTC to
             | somebody using an Android app isn't and is something I have
             | done frequently (e.g. donating BTC to parties who have
             | helped me or offer something I enjoy).
             | 
             | I don't want a world where I have to transfer the BTC to
             | USD to use it, I want a world where I can just use it.
             | MasterCard acting an an intermediary is fine with me,
             | somebody has to bootstrap this.
        
           | argvargc wrote:
           | 200% YoY average return, and you'd move it to index funds?
           | 
           | https://www.casebitcoin.com/images/stories/charliebilello_re.
           | ..
        
         | koonsolo wrote:
         | Mastercard just tries to be relevant in an environment where
         | they will not be relevant anymore.
         | 
         | Just look at the Nano cryptocurrency for example: 0 fees and <1
         | second transactions. You can send 0.00001 dollar or 9 billion
         | to anyone in the world at any time. All you need is a phone.
         | 
         | Crypto is going to disrupt a lot of things. If it's not clear
         | by now, you will be in for a surprise.
        
           | Sargos wrote:
           | Mastercard is a payment support platform. They take the
           | burden off of the business owners and let them focus on their
           | business instead of the minutia of interfacing with the
           | financial system. That doesn't go away with cryptocurrencies.
           | In fact it might be more needed than ever as there are now
           | multiple payment networks with lots of intricacies such as
           | coin storage, keeping track of transactions for taxes, etc.
           | 
           | Visa and Mastercard are likely still going to be important in
           | the future just for the sheer fact that business owners will
           | take at least a decade to update their backend stack to be
           | sophisticated enough to handle the various payment APIs, UX
           | problems, etc that crypto brings. With Visa and Mastercard
           | your existing PoS terminals still work (now with crypto) and
           | you can continue focusing on selling books or groceries or
           | whatever else you do instead of being a financial systems
           | engineer.
        
             | koonsolo wrote:
             | People can pay with their phone using a simple QR code.
             | Merchants can check on any computer with a web browser.
             | 
             | How complex does Mastercard make it right now?
             | 
             | Like I said, it's a dinosaur ready to go extinct.
        
               | Sargos wrote:
               | That's from an end users perspective. From a merchant's
               | perspective if they provide that QR code they now have
               | the additional burden of custody of a bunch of crypto
               | assets which means learning about, installing, making a
               | specific bank account to sell the coins, dealing with tax
               | burdens, etc which is a lot of work and risk for someone
               | already overworked and stressed by their primary
               | business.
               | 
               | Or they can just use a payment network like Visa or
               | Mastercard and not have to worry about any of that. You
               | pay with BTC or ETH and the merchant receives USD.
               | Everyone's happy. The merchant doesn't have to hire an
               | additional crypto-specialized IT person or spend 6 months
               | diving down the rabbit hole like we did. They just run
               | their business.
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | Sorry, maybe I'm just ignorant, but since when do
               | Mastercard and Visa handle taxes and everything you
               | describe?
        
               | Sargos wrote:
               | In this case it would be their ability to prevent you
               | from having to deal with crypto taxes since you just
               | receive USD like normal.
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | All businesses have accountants to figure that out.
        
               | Sargos wrote:
               | Yeah and those accountants charge by the hour. Crypto
               | taxes take up a lot of hours (and that's if your
               | accountant already knows how to deal with crypto). The
               | vast majority of small businesses don't have dedicated
               | accountants and having to pay for the overhead of dealing
               | with crypto is not in their already strained budgets.
        
         | tehlike wrote:
         | A friend of mine basically put it this way: bitcoin can't
         | become medium of exchange before it becomes medium of value.
         | You can read this as: if you are holding btc, it's in your best
         | interest to hold more without selling.
        
           | temp8964 wrote:
           | How do you apply this logic to USD? You either want to hold
           | it or want to use it? Since everybody need to use USD, so
           | nobody should hold USD?
        
             | hackinthebochs wrote:
             | It's an entirely different beast when everyone is forced to
             | use USD as a medium of exchange.
        
               | mcosta wrote:
               | You are only forced to pay taxes in USD.
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | If its only taxes that are forced on us, why then do US
               | notes say that they're legal tender for all debts public
               | and private. That sounds like force to me: I may want
               | payment in bitcoin or Swiss francs or whatever, but if
               | the payee wants to pay me in USD in the USA, am I free to
               | refuse their payment as non-valid? Or am I forced to
               | accept Federal Reserve Notes?
        
               | code_duck wrote:
               | Crypto would get a large boost if a mandatory customer
               | with a multi-hundred billion dollar "market" decided to
               | require it.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _How do you apply this logic to USD? You either want to
             | hold it or want to use it?_
             | 
             | Of course it applies. Holding lots of dollars ( _e.g._ as
             | hard cash or in a checking account) is stupid. That is the
             | purpose and benefit of (mild) inflation: to incentivise
             | consuming or investing them.
        
               | temp8964 wrote:
               | What if cryptocurrencies do not have the inflation
               | problem?
        
               | ivalm wrote:
               | But inflation isn't a problem, it's a benefit. We want
               | people to spend or invest (in production) their money;
               | economy works best when money is actively circulated, not
               | hoarded. The problem with a totally fixed money supply is
               | that as productivity grows new investments are
               | disincentivizes, as a fixed currently holder get the
               | benefits of aggregate productivity increases (through
               | deflation) without risking his money in investing in
               | companies.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _What if cryptocurrencies do not have the inflation
               | problem?_
               | 
               | Then it is rational to hold, not spend, them.
               | Deflationary currencies don't function. (They can be
               | stores of value.)
        
               | dna_polymerase wrote:
               | Also people don't expect the dollar to become more
               | valuable anytime soon, so spending it doesn't effect
               | seller's remorse a day later, which happens to everyone
               | spending ETH or BTC these days.
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | And, since USD is inflationary, we expect it to become
               | less valuable (real value) over time which encourages
               | investment and spending today. Since we don't have crazy
               | levels of inflation this doesn't fully discourage savings
               | (with a 10% or higher inflation rate you have very little
               | incentive to save, with 1 or 2% your savings lose value
               | over time, but slow enough that it's still worth saving).
               | Economies are improved and sustained by moving money, not
               | by stagnant money.
        
               | nybble41 wrote:
               | > Economies are improved and sustained by moving money,
               | not by stagnant money.
               | 
               | A common misconception. The health of an economy lies in
               | the goods that are exchanged; money is merely a
               | placeholder. They are improved by producing more goods
               | than are consumed, which creates room for investment in
               | capital goods (tools for enhancing the productivity of
               | goods and labor) and the research and development of
               | improved technology (learning to make better tools).
               | 
               | "Stagnant" money just means that more goods were produced
               | than were consumed, and the surplus was not _actively_
               | invested. The surplus still exists, and continues to fuel
               | investment (by others) so long as the money remains
               | unspent. The  "stagnant" money is off the market, not
               | competing for goods and services, and as such contributes
               | to a reduction in prices similar to what would occur if
               | that money were simply destroyed (albeit temporarily),
               | shrinking the money supply. In effect this leaves the
               | decision about how the surplus of goods should be
               | invested up to other market participants.
               | 
               | If the owner of the "stagnant" money knows of ways to
               | invest which would provide an ROI better than the average
               | rate of return on the market (i.e. the rate of deflation)
               | then they should do so, earning themselves a profit and
               | raising the average rate of return. However, below-
               | average investments-- _mal_ investments--would lower the
               | average rate of return and reduce overall economic
               | growth, and ought to be discouraged. It's better for
               | everyone for the owner to simply sit back, "hoard" the
               | money, and receive a passive reward for producing more
               | than they consumed than it would be for them to actively
               | invest in ventures with below-average realized returns
               | and thus divert resources from better-performing
               | ventures, but that is exactly what an actively
               | inflationary monetary policy encourages by driving people
               | who lack the competency to choose _good_ investments to
               | invest in the market anyway merely to avoid losses due to
               | money supply inflation.
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | It would've been better if I'd been more deliberate with
               | that sentence, you're right. "money" was my shorthand for
               | "things moving in the economy, including financial
               | measures like cash and the exchange of goods and
               | services". Just measuring the movement of money means
               | that two people could create an apparently vibrant
               | economy by exchanging $1,000 between them every minute of
               | every day, but such an economy would be absolutely bereft
               | of any real value or health.
               | 
               | "Stagnant" was my way of referring to hoarded money
               | that's not actually invested in anything. Yes, it's
               | equivalent to removing it from the economy and it reduces
               | the nominal price of goods and services, which also means
               | it reduces the nominal wages (over time). Which means old
               | money is given a much stronger benefit in the economy
               | when they finally spend it, and new money (including new
               | entrants like an 18 year old getting their first full
               | time job) are severely penalized not due to any actual
               | lack of skill or ability, but due to their entering the
               | economy 100 years too late.
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | 2% inflation over 30 years destroys over half the
               | purchasing power of the saved money. So no, moderate
               | inflation doesn't encourage saving. It encourages the
               | unbridled consumerism that has created environmental
               | catastrophe.
               | 
               | Bitcoin, as a deflationary asset, encourages lower time
               | preference, which encourages saving and real investing
               | (generating real world value rather than paper gains),
               | resulting in less consumerism and better stewarding of
               | resources.
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | I said it doesn't _fully_ discourage it. I did not say
               | that it _encourages_ saving. Read my post.
               | 
               | BTC does _not_ encourage real investing, only _hoarding_.
               | The hoarded BTC is not used in any productive investment
               | or way because no one will loan it when it gains much
               | more value than most businesses can produce merely by
               | existing. When it can increase in apparent value by 100%
               | in just a few weeks, there is no reason to invest your
               | BTC because no business (or very few, and none
               | sustainably) will have similar returns.
        
           | hackinthebochs wrote:
           | Absolutely. Bitcoin as a store of value had to come before
           | its use as a medium of exchange. Why would anyone exchange a
           | currency for a product when you didn't expect its value to
           | hold until you could use it? If its only value was driven by
           | the demand as a medium of exchange, its value would fluctuate
           | with this demand. In the early days this would be detrimental
           | to its ability to serve the role as a medium of exchange. How
           | long would you need to hold your coins before there was
           | enough demand for exchange again?
           | 
           | It is the speculators buying and holding that create the
           | expectation that its value will hold over time, thus making
           | it viable as a medium of exchange.
        
           | uncletammy wrote:
           | Although I follow the logic, I think your friend is wrong. A
           | consequence of trying to make bitcoin BTC a "store of value"
           | first has led to huge investment centralization as well as a
           | drastic reduction in the number viable use cases.
           | 
           | Investment centralization is bad because it makes it much
           | more susceptible to regulatory capture by the industries
           | crypto stands to disrupt. We're already seeing this now. The
           | same big banks that called crypto a scam have suddenly become
           | bullish after a few years of quietly buying coins. We need
           | regular people on the streets advocating for crypto.
           | 
           | The reduced use cases is a problem because it minimizes
           | adoption and the network effect, both of which are vital for
           | the long term survival of the network.
        
           | rowland66 wrote:
           | If your goal is to buy and never sell, then btc is the ideal
           | investment. You can buy the btc, destroy your private key,
           | and nobody will ever be able to sell it, not even your
           | grandkids poking around in the attic 20 years after you have
           | died.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | If it's in your best interest to buy and never sell, why
           | would anyone want to use it for exchange?
           | 
           | Bitcoin's deflationary nature discourages spending and
           | selling, by definition. The high transaction costs discourage
           | it even further.
        
             | T0Bi wrote:
             | How is bitcoin deflationary when it (currently) has a fixed
             | inflation?
        
               | adam_arthur wrote:
               | Deflationary relative to the USD and other fiat
               | currencies. The world is never going to run primarily on
               | BTC, so talking about inflation purely in terms of number
               | of BTC is a bit pointless :)
        
               | uncletammy wrote:
               | When people say it's deflationary, they mean "in the long
               | run". Bitcoin has a fixed, predetermined inflation
               | schedule which approaches zero over time. So, considering
               | the inflation schedule alone, it's "eventually"
               | deflationary.
               | 
               | When you start to account for other things like lost and
               | unrecoverable coins, it becomes severely deflationary and
               | much sooner. Things like grandpa taking his encrypted
               | wallet to the grave or in the case of bitcoin BTC, small
               | coins that can't be moved because the fee is higher than
               | the coin's value.
               | 
               | At the time of writing this, coins worth less than ~
               | $6.15 (USD) aren't able to be spent*. That means if you
               | bought a $4 coffee with BTC and paid with a tenner (a
               | coin [input] worth $10) , you'd lose the change. It would
               | remain unspendable until the network starts unclogging.
               | 
               | * By "arent able to be spent" I mean, reasonable fee
               | estimations for getting the transaction into a block
               | within an amount of time that you can be sure the
               | transaction won't get dropped from the mempool. I used
               | https://bitcoiner.live to estimate the fee which was the
               | most generous of the three I looked at.
        
               | edm0nd wrote:
               | got em
        
               | tfehring wrote:
               | Inflation isn't strictly a measure of the monetary base.
               | The dominant factor in "inflation" of (almost?) all
               | cryptocurrencies is demand, not supply.
               | 
               | Now, you can make the argument that that's not really
               | inflation - that BTC won't predictably ~double in value
               | every year going forward, and therefore one shouldn't be
               | afraid to spend it - but the idea that the tiny rate of
               | increase in supply should be a major factor in that
               | decision is pretty silly. Also, it's not obvious that
               | it's being mined faster than it's being eliminated due to
               | lost keys.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | Contrary to the pop-culture definition, inflation isn't
               | purely driven by fiscal policy or money supply. Supply
               | and demand (aka cost-push inflation and demand-pull
               | inflation) are the main drivers. Fiscal policy modulates
               | these factors, but inflation existed long before fiscal
               | intervention.
               | 
               | Bitcoin adoption is a deflationary process because an
               | increasing number of people are competing over a fixed
               | (ultimately) supply of Bitcoin.
               | 
               | If more people want Bitcoin, the price goes up. Why do
               | more people want Bitcoin? Because the price goes up. The
               | cycle reverses when the price starts going down.
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | It's getting wider ownership over time so BTC supply is
               | increasingly limited per person/entity interested in it,
               | and the increase in supply is at a decreasing rate over
               | time. This wider ownership and the (ultimately) fixed
               | amount means that it will, even if not monotonically, be
               | a deflationary currency (to the extent that it even is a
               | currency). The rate of new BTC production has to overcome
               | this deflationary pressure, and since there's always less
               | coming out over time the potential inflationary pressure
               | of minting new BTC will become increasingly
               | insignificant.
               | 
               | Any currency with a limited supply will tend to be
               | deflationary over time, though not necessarily
               | experiencing a deflationary spiral depending on the
               | overall economy around it. An active economy will see
               | enough movement of the currency that deflation will,
               | hopefully, be small. But an inactive economy (like
               | bitcoin's) with people hoarding rather than spending will
               | see higher-than-healthy (from an economic perspective,
               | it's great for the hoarders if they can use it later)
               | deflation rates.
        
               | koboll wrote:
               | If bitcoin is a currency, then the prices of things in
               | bitcoin have fallen over time. What cost 40,000 BTC a
               | decade ago now costs 1 BTC.
               | 
               | But bitcoin is more of an asset than a currency, so
               | speaking of it in terms of inflation / deflation leads to
               | oddities, like this.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | > But bitcoin is more of an asset than a currency, so
               | speaking of it in terms of inflation / deflation leads to
               | oddities, like this.
               | 
               | Assets inflate and deflate. It's not an oddity.
        
             | tehlike wrote:
             | Bitcoin is not used for medium of exchang, at scale, that's
             | the point.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | So your point is that Bitcoin isn't a medium of exchange?
        
               | tehlike wrote:
               | Not yet, not at scale.
        
             | octocop wrote:
             | > If it's in your best interest to buy and never sell, why
             | would anyone want to use it for exchange?
             | 
             | Define best interest here. I mean saving money and
             | investing it to make more money is also in everyone's best
             | interest, but that is certainly not the case. So why is
             | that?
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | There's a difference between investing in companies,
               | states, and individuals (stocks, bonds, loans), saving in
               | a bank (depending on the structure is usually tied to
               | some kind of investment like those, but not controlled by
               | the saver), and hoarding something under the mattress.
               | 
               | Holding BTC is the same as the last one. The holdings are
               | not invested in anything remotely productive, it's just
               | speculation on the future value.
        
               | ivalm wrote:
               | Investing money in productive enterprise is the thing
               | that is in societal benefit. Investing money in a virtual
               | asset that has no other benefit and massive ecological
               | costs is not a benefit.
        
             | uncletammy wrote:
             | > If it's in your best interest to buy and never sell, why
             | would anyone want to use it for exchange?
             | 
             | It's not in your best interest to buy and never sell.
             | Current investors are just incredibly short sighted. If
             | bitcoin isn't usable by (and useful to) the majority of the
             | world, it will never get enough investment to serve as a
             | buffer against the drastic price swings caused by
             | speculators.
             | 
             | Smart investors know that simply holding coins isn't enough
             | in the long run. Finding new use cases and encouraging
             | adoption and use is the only way crypto stands a chance.
        
         | simonebrunozzi wrote:
         | > They're hoping other people will buy cryptocurrency from
         | these announcements, driving the price up.
         | 
         | Mostly right.
        
         | Triv888 wrote:
         | > Should also note that MasterCard crypto transactions almost
         | certainly won't be settled on the blockchain.
         | 
         | That is almost certainly wrong... otherwise, they could claim
         | to have bitcoins and would not really need any?
        
         | gt565k wrote:
         | You are so wrong.
         | 
         | Spending crypto using a card is actually what people want in
         | order to avoid taxes on crypto as it's treated as a security
         | from the IRS tax perspective.
         | 
         | Anyone who has made money on crypto would love it if they can
         | just spend the crypto as currency and buy every day things with
         | it and remove the tax liability from having to convert to fiat.
         | 
         | 15% tax capital gains, no thanks, let me spend it on food and
         | furniture.
        
           | draaglom wrote:
           | _people_ may believe that but I don't think the IRS does.
           | Spending crypto that has appreciated in value on goods and
           | services is still a taxable event for CGT purposes.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Exactly. "Spending" the cryptocurrency is just convenient
             | UX over the exchange process.
             | 
             | Using a credit card that abstracts the details doesn't get
             | you off the hook from paying capital gains tax.
        
           | 01100011 wrote:
           | Does bartering an investment vehicle allow you to escape
           | capital gains? If so, that seems like a loophole that should
           | be closed. Why should you be exempt from gains on your
           | capital investment?
           | 
           | It seems like MasterCard should be reporting each swap of
           | crypto for dollars to the IRS and sending you a tax form at
           | the end of the year. If that's not the case, expect
           | regulatory action to correct it.
        
             | jkepler wrote:
             | Nope, bartering (at least in the US) is still taxable on
             | the fair market value of whatever you're exchanging.
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | Spending the crypto through a card will not stop the IRS from
           | coming after you for their cut.
        
           | svachalek wrote:
           | At least in the US, spending crypto is taxed the same as
           | selling it.
           | 
           | https://www.coinbase.com/learn/tips-and-tutorials/crypto-
           | and...
        
           | gnaritas wrote:
           | You are wrong, the ability to spend it in no way removes your
           | tax liability. Currency traders still owe taxes on their
           | gains, it doesn't matter what currency it is, if you make
           | gains you owe taxes. You don't owe money because you convert
           | to fiat, you owe money because you made gains.
        
           | martamorena923 wrote:
           | OMG in what country do you live? 15%??? We have to pay 50% on
           | this in Canada, well at least the ones who are in the top
           | earning bracket.
           | 
           | I would gladly pay the 15%. I mean how greedy is it to make
           | these kind of gains in crypto and then trying to avoid a
           | measly 15% of tax lol.
        
             | xsmasher wrote:
             | Are you sure you pay 50% in tax on the profits? A quick
             | google suggests that 50% of the profits counts as income,
             | which is then taxed at your income rate. 50*50 = 25% in the
             | top bracket.
             | 
             | In the US long-term cap gains is 0%, 15%, or 20% - not far
             | off from 25%.
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | > _Spending cryptocurrency would result in selling that
         | cryptocurrency, which would drive the price down. That's not
         | what cryptocurrency investors actually want._
         | 
         | That's a misunderstanding of how these things work. If selling
         | drove the price down, then the price would never go up! Why?
         | Because nobody can buy without a sale on the other side of the
         | transaction. The common belief that selling lowers the price
         | comes from the fact that if you put out a big sell-now order on
         | a market, it will eat through the asks sitting there already.
         | However in the slightly longer term others will put up new
         | asks, up to the equilibrium where the price is close enough to
         | the perceived value that there's no money to be made, after
         | tax, by going in to move it closer. The phrase "Sell! Sell!
         | Sell!" is based on the idea of selling at any price because you
         | want to get rid of it so badly, but that's not a normal sale.
         | That only happens when a party suddenly realizes that they have
         | too much of something, not when they are doing everything as
         | expected.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | A system for spending Bitcoin would inherently put sell
           | orders in at market price (directly or indirectly). This
           | consumes the highest priced bids and moves the price down.
           | 
           | It's the same story with any currency. Basic foreign exchange
           | concepts.
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | Smart sellers don't sell everything at the market price as
             | soon as they can, because that would cut through the crust
             | of fair asks into the mantle of waiting opportunists.
             | Instead they spread it out, at a rate the ongoing volume
             | can bear.
        
               | ivalm wrote:
               | If you sell Bitcoin every time you buy bread then you
               | just sell whenever. It will be a large flow of market
               | orders even if there aren't enough asks.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | You don't sell Bitcoin every time you buy bread, the
               | merchant obtains bitcoin and sells it when they think
               | they should. If nobody is holding Bitcoin, you have to
               | buy it when you buy bread, which means there's a 1:1
               | balance between buying and selling with each transaction.
               | If everybody is holding bitcoin, then the merchant will
               | not mind waiting a little to offload it, because they
               | know they will do better by taking their time.
               | 
               | I guess you're describing a situation where Bitcoin is
               | used purely as a store of value and never as a medium of
               | exchange. I can agree that a fiat store of value, if
               | never used as a medium of exchange, or even a numeraire,
               | is on very shaky ground.
        
               | ivalm wrote:
               | Baker definitely should sell Bitcoin every time someone
               | buys bread, otherwise they would be taking on currency
               | risk, which is insane. Since they paid for
               | flour/labor/amortized capex in fiat, if BTC price moves
               | down they won't be able to cover their obligation. This
               | means a baker need to sell at least as much BTC as would
               | cover their fiat costs. Since bakery margins are low it
               | means they should sell most of the BTC they get every
               | time someone buy bread from them.
               | 
               | Again, in real/practical world merchants are not there to
               | invest in crypto, they are there to produce tangible
               | goods and collect surplus of exchange tokens ---
               | everything that is not profit needs to be de-risked.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | I wonder what kind of subtle systemic effect will twist the
         | whole crypto thing on its head to the point people will forget
         | what it was in the first place.
        
         | ca98am79 wrote:
         | I am very interested in spending cryptocurrency using my
         | MasterCard, especially and only if it does not result in a
         | capital gains transaction that I have to report on my taxes. If
         | I have to report each transaction to the IRS, I am not
         | interested and will not spend it. If I do NOT have to report
         | it, I will use it all the time
        
         | anm89 wrote:
         | And the people buying it even though they don't want to spend
         | via mastercard are smart to do so.
         | 
         | They understand that it's building up the network effects,
         | creating onramps, and improving the ecosystem.
         | 
         | Over the long run I highly doubt mastercard will be a
         | meaningful player in the crypto space but they definitely have
         | the ability to hasten its adoption.
        
         | teekert wrote:
         | Yeah, that is basically what all the exchanges do. The
         | blockchain does not support that use case at all.
        
           | liquidify wrote:
           | Some blockchains don't support that use case. Others do.
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | When Visa and MasterCard will warm up to bitcoin they will have
         | ideal product for all the bitcoin millionaires.
         | 
         | When you are long on bitcoin you almost don't care about
         | volatility. Because you can't predict the future the only good
         | time to buy bitcoin is when you have too much dollars and the
         | only good time when to sell bitcoins is when you have not
         | enough dollars.
         | 
         | Sure, now you have 10 mln dollars in BTC at all tine high, and
         | 2 mln after price drops but in day to day purchases it doesn't
         | matter.
         | 
         | MasterCard could offer joint dollar-bitcoin account that works
         | as follows:
         | 
         | You have some amount of dollars on that account, whenever you
         | pay for something price is deducted from dollar balance.
         | 
         | If dollar balance is insufficient then some portion of bitcoin
         | is sold automatically from your bitcoin balance to give you
         | some multiples of thousands of dollars. You could also have
         | manual trading available if you want to gamble a bit and buy
         | some bitcoins if it dropped to 20% of last ATH or sell some ...
         | I don't know when... when you are drunk and think you can
         | predict the end of the bull run..
         | 
         | Not sure how much bitcoins would someone entrust MasterCard
         | with current bankruptcy law but if it was significant enough
         | amount then all bitcoin millionaires would get to use their
         | fortunes totally hassle free.
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | > _Sure, now you have 10 mln dollars in BTC at all tine high,
           | and 2 mln after price drops but in day to day purchases it
           | doesn 't matter._
           | 
           | This doesn't track at all, unless it is a safe assumption
           | that the general trend of Bitcoin will always be up, and you
           | are able to time the market to do any major withdrawals at
           | higher prices. Or, you don't have any major withdrawals, and
           | you luck out in that your many small withdrawals average out
           | at a higher price.
           | 
           | None of that is guaranteed, and with Bitcoin's volatility,
           | you're in for a bit of a ride every step of the way.
           | 
           | For people who have big Bitcoin hoards due to (say) mining
           | back when mining was cheap, maybe they won't mind the swings
           | so much since all of it is "free surprise money", but this
           | doesn't really work for people who bought into Bitcoin in the
           | last 5 years or so (either by buying coins with fiat
           | currency, or by building expensive mining rigs and burning
           | electricity).
           | 
           | (If you're solely talking about the first kind of person,
           | then: apologies! In that case I think you're pretty much on
           | the nose.)
        
             | scotty79 wrote:
             | Compare this to wealth of Elon Musk. This month he's the
             | richest person on planet, two months ago he wasn't even in
             | top 10 (I think). Did anything changed for him? No. Can he
             | not be the richest man on the planet in two months? Sure.
             | Will it change anything for him? Still no.
             | 
             | I pretty much think about people who got into bitcoin early
             | and they have more than 1000% gain and just hodl because
             | they don't have much use for that kind of money.
             | 
             | Their daily purchases would be minuscule percentage of
             | their bitcoin wealth.
        
           | rawtxapp wrote:
           | This is very similar to what I'm currently doing, just
           | borrowing against my Bitcoin holdings using MakerDAO, I have
           | good liquidity on a day to day basis and my Bitcoin is still
           | appreciating.
        
             | oillio wrote:
             | Is this a long term solution? Or do you plan on selling
             | Bitcoin to pay back the loan when you think we are near the
             | top?
        
               | rawtxapp wrote:
               | As long as there's no bugs in the smart contract, I don't
               | plan on ever paying down that debt, since I expect the
               | value of BTC to rise much faster than the value of my
               | debt. My liquidation price is very low and if it were to
               | reach that, it would mean a catastrophe anyways.
        
             | throwawayForMe2 wrote:
             | The additional benefit here is with a loan there is no tax
             | event, a major advantage over selling.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | This isn't a new situation or unique to Bitcoin, though.
           | 
           | It's the exact same story for any high net worth investors
           | with most of their net worth tied up in stocks.
           | 
           | If you have 10 million dollars invested, be it stocks or
           | Bitcoin, then pulling out $10K (0.1%) here and there to top
           | up your cash account or pay your credit card off each month
           | isn't exactly a huge deal. Investing that last 0.1% into
           | stocks or Bitcoin at all times doesn't make a measurable
           | impact on your overall returns.
        
         | yarcob wrote:
         | > Exchange fees are a great way to charge consumers for
         | spending their own money in 2021, when normal credit cards
         | actually pay people 1-2% to use them
         | 
         | Credit card companies in the US are a special kind of evil.
         | They charge huge fees, force vendors not to pass the fees on to
         | customers, and then pretend to be the consumer's best friend by
         | returning a bit of the fees to them.
         | 
         | They insert themselves between buyer and seller, drive prices
         | up, and their customers think they are saving money.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | Paying with Bitcoin or any other cryptocurrency requires the
           | customer to pay the transaction fees.
           | 
           | Regardless of what you think about credit card companies,
           | which payment method do you think the average consumer would
           | choose?
           | 
           | 1) Pay by credit card, get 2% cash back, reserve option to
           | reverse charges if vendor fails to deliver, don't lose all of
           | your money if you lose your credit card.
           | 
           | 2) Pay by Bitcoin, pay $8 transaction fee, wait 10-30 minutes
           | for transaction to be confirmed, resubmit if transaction fee
           | was too low, no recourse if vendor runs away with your money,
           | lose all of your money if you forget your password.
           | 
           | Realistically, any crypto-as-payment service will either
           | charge the merchants large fees (to cover risk, volatility,
           | exchange, transaction costs) and/or collect profit on the
           | exchange rate.
           | 
           | There's no free lunch, but the lunch is definitely not
           | cheaper on the Bitcoin side for average transactions.
        
             | ric2b wrote:
             | Nothing stops you from having Bitcoin credit cards. In fact
             | they already exist.
             | 
             | Dollar bills don't have any of the advantages you mentioned
             | either. How fast and secure do you think mailing them to
             | some company is?
             | 
             | A lot of these arguments are really just cherry-picking
             | whichever portion of the financial system best suits your
             | argument at the time and pretending they're only possible
             | if they're built on top of pieces of paper.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | > Spending cryptocurrency would result in selling that
         | cryptocurrency, which would drive the price down. That's not
         | what cryptocurrency investors actually want
         | 
         | that's really assuming a lot
         | 
         | a _closed loop_ cryptocurrency transaction does not result in
         | selling
         | 
         | mastercard may or may not be offering that capability
         | 
         | mastercard offering that capability makes the cryptocurrency
         | proponents vision a reality
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | They're not interested in making the vision of cryptocurrency
           | a reality any more than it enhances their bottom line.
           | 
           | Mastercard is offering exchange services. They will collect
           | exchange fees on transactions, just like PayPal and other
           | providers.
           | 
           | They won't even bring blockchain into this any more than
           | necessary. They'll handle it in databases like everyone else,
           | only engaging with the blockchain as necessary for deposits
           | and withdrawals.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | In fact, for every transaction where a unit of cryptocurrency
           | is bought, that same unit is also sold.
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | yeah sold for a candy bar and the merchant still has the
             | cryptocurrency and pays their overhead costs in the same
             | cryptocurrency who buy their own candy bars from a
             | different merchant in cryotocurrency
             | 
             | Payment networks like mastercard integrating cryptocurrency
             | make this more practical instead of handwaiving a gradual
             | organic adoption idea
        
         | bouncycastle wrote:
         | I think MasterCard will use a different type of cryptocurrency
         | than you are familiar with, called "stablecoins", like the USDC
         | and/or DAI. These are pegged to the USD and never go up or
         | down.
         | 
         | Most likely, they will use things like a "state channels" for
         | the actual transactions. State channels are like pre-paid
         | cards, where the channel gets settled after the entire card is
         | spent.
         | 
         | But why? Well, cryptocurrency makes sense over traditional
         | currency, because it's programmable, auditable & composable
         | with many other dapps that exist on the blockchain.
        
       | Solvitieg wrote:
       | It's bizarre that in this tread, the US dollar is treated like an
       | immaculate flawless tool for transferring value. But in every
       | thread about economics, its agreed the US dollar lacks trusts, is
       | being manipulated by the fed, and is the leading cause of gross
       | wealth inequality.
        
         | nexthash wrote:
         | What is your evidence for these claims? Bitcoin and other
         | cryptocurrencies go through multiple price fluctuations a day.
         | The American dollar currently underpins and backs a majority of
         | the world's financial system [1]. Sure it isn't flawless, but
         | its way better than something that has no backing from
         | _anything_. I would prefer to use the currency issued by the
         | world 's most powerful independent state, because they are
         | probably gonna be around for a while.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_use_of_the_U.S._...
        
       | orbots wrote:
       | Anyone know what the "select" cryptocurrencies are?
       | 
       | The focus on Bitcoin's lack of intrinsic value and energy use is
       | really getting boring.
       | 
       | I read Hacker News comments for more information on a story.
       | 
       | How about some of that for a switch? Go bitch about intrinsic
       | value and ecological disaster on one of the other bitcoin threads
       | please.
        
       | hoka-one-one wrote:
       | I think this is a miss guided application and it's a sign that
       | the cryptocurrency space is struggling to find a use case beyond
       | as a store of value.
       | 
       | Please upvote my very original opinion that hasn't been rehashed
       | on nearly every cryptocurrency thread on hacker news.
        
       | nikolay wrote:
       | I am not sure who in their right mind will buy BTC at $48K a
       | piece! There's nothing major that's has happened, yet, the bubble
       | has inflated from $6K to $47K only because it's now harder to
       | steal electricity in China and the rest of the world to mine
       | bitcoins. Every week in Bulgaria we hear for a new electricity
       | thieves who got caught and have stolen electricity for millions -
       | often in the middle of nowhere like in small villages, farms,
       | etc. Didn't China started to crackdown on miners last summer [0]?
       | And, yes, all marketplaces are manipulated by the same miner
       | cartels. I am not sure how China has allow this so far -
       | especially when many used Bitcoin as a vehicle to export capital.
       | So far, Bitcoin is wasting as much electricity as Argentina, but
       | if this bubble keeps inflated so that the Chinese miners can stay
       | in business, where are we going to end up soon?
       | 
       | [0]: https://news.bitcoin.com/chinese-government-crackdowns-
       | and-c...
        
         | zionic wrote:
         | Mining participation does not change the issuance of new
         | bitcoin. If there was 1 miner in the entire world the issuance
         | would be the same. Please educate yourself more about crypto in
         | general, understanding the core concepts only takes a few
         | minutes of research.
        
           | RealityVoid wrote:
           | While you are right, I do not think truly understanding it is
           | as easy as a few minutes of research. It was quite mind
           | bending for me the first time I read about BTC.
        
           | nikolay wrote:
           | Why would I want to touch something laden with crime with a
           | 10-foot pole?! And something so detrimental to climate?
           | Bitcoin didn't, isn't, and is not gonna change anything -
           | it's nothing but a speculation tool! Can we please stop
           | inflating its bubble? Yes, there are meaningful
           | cryptocurrencies, but Bitcoin holds no future - it's like
           | sticking to VHS when there's Bluray or to a 3.5-inch floppy
           | when there's MicroSD.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Thorentis wrote:
       | I wonder where this puts crypto's such as Bitcoin Cash (BCH),
       | whose main benefit is having a faster and cheaper network? Is the
       | final card Bitcoin has to play, the fact that it has the brand
       | awareness to hide its faults behind the MasterCard/Visa network?
        
       | OnlyMortal wrote:
       | What could possibly go wrong?
        
       | georgeplusplus wrote:
       | So what exactly is MasterCard offering that relates to
       | cryptocurrencies? What I gathered from the article was "it was
       | planning to offer support for some cryptocurrencies on its
       | network this year" But does not seem to go into detail further
       | than that.
        
       | maxkwallace wrote:
       | To everyone saying "my credit card pays me 2% to use it", no,
       | your credit card charges the merchant 2.3%+ to use it, that gets
       | bundled into the price, and they give you 2% of that as a
       | kickback.
        
         | rokhayakebe wrote:
         | This is like saying "your employer does not pay you. They
         | charge clients then give you 20%."
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > "my credit card pays me 2% to use it", no, your credit card
         | charges the merchant 2.3%+ to use it,
         | 
         | Consumers do not care about anything other than the net price
         | they pay.
         | 
         | Stores that take Bitcoin payments flip this around, passing the
         | transaction cost to consumers.
         | 
         | If I'm ordering a $50 thing online and the store takes Bitcoin,
         | I have two options:
         | 
         | 1) Pay with my credit card, for a net cost of $49 to me and a
         | guarantee that if they don't deliver I can reverse the charges.
         | 
         | 2) Pay with Bitcoin, for a net cost of $58 with the current $8
         | transaction fee, and zero recourse if the vendor fails to
         | deliver.
         | 
         | $49 and money-back guarantee versus $58 and zero recourse. Why
         | would anyone choose the latter?
        
           | averynicepen wrote:
           | The merchants would be the ones choosing the latter. As you
           | mentioned, a lot of stores are interested in accessing the
           | broader market of people who pay with credit cards/digital
           | payment systems, but are forced to pay the 2.3% credit card
           | fees. Bitcoin offers them the ability to remove this
           | transaction cost but keep the convenience of cashless digital
           | payments, in which case the savings can then be rolled into
           | lower costs, benefiting the customer.
           | 
           | This is still contingent on using a Lightning network to
           | reduce fees on smaller day-to-day transactions, which I agree
           | are too high with Bitcoin proper.
           | 
           | The original Bitcoin whitepaper actually outlines this as one
           | of the main problems it aims to solve, and I'll let the paper
           | do the talking:                 Commerce on the Internet has
           | come to rely almost exclusively on financial institutions
           | serving as trusted third  parties  to process electronic
           | payments.   While the  system works  well enough for most
           | transactions,   it   still   suffers   from   the   inherent
           | weaknesses   of   the   trust   based   model.Completely non-
           | reversible transactions are not really possible, since
           | financial institutions cannot avoid   mediating   disputes.
           | The   cost   of   mediation   increases   transaction
           | costs,   limiting   the minimum practical transaction size
           | and cutting off the possibility for small casual
           | transactions,and   there   is   a   broader   cost   in   the
           | loss   of   ability   to   make   non-reversible   payments
           | for   non-reversible services.  With the possibility of
           | reversal, the need for trust spreads.  Merchants must be wary
           | of their customers, hassling them for more information than
           | they would otherwise need.A certain percentage of fraud is
           | accepted as unavoidable.  These costs and payment
           | uncertainties can be avoided in person by using physical
           | currency, but no mechanism exists to make payments over a
           | communications channel without a trusted party.
           | What is needed is an electronic payment system based on
           | cryptographic proof instead of trust,allowing any two willing
           | parties to transact directly with each other without the need
           | for a trusted third  party.    Transactions  that  are
           | computationally  impractical  to   reverse   would  protect
           | sellers from fraud, and routine escrow mechanisms could
           | easily be implemented to protect buyers.
           | 
           | [Source: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf]
        
           | xur17 wrote:
           | Some merchants do pass the savings on to the user for using
           | Bitcoin vs credit cards, and there are ways to pay with
           | Bitcoin (lightning) that involve negligible fees.
        
         | bagacrap wrote:
         | I'm not sure how that's different? When a merchant accepts
         | cash, they have to pay for physical security and pickup, it's
         | prone to theft or miscounting, etc. So cash isn't free.
         | Accepting card payments is also not free. Merchant pays visa
         | for convenience (to both merchant and customer); visa kicks
         | some back to customer.
        
           | cesarb wrote:
           | I've seen this said a lot, but in my experience whenever a
           | merchant has different prices for cash and credit card, the
           | cash price is always lower. So whatever the merchant is
           | paying to Visa and/or MasterCard, it's more than it costs to
           | handle cash.
        
             | leighfuu wrote:
             | Traditionally the discount for cash in many professions is
             | due to avoiding tax.
             | 
             | i.e. a plumber will do a job for cheaper if they are paid
             | in cash as they won't be declaring that work in their
             | accounts - avoiding the ~20% tax that would be due
             | otherwise.
        
               | BitwiseFool wrote:
               | While true, I know of many small businesses that give
               | cash discounts because the credit card fees ruin the
               | profit margin on small purchases. Sometimes they even
               | lose money on transactions. For instance if you buy a
               | scone for a $1.05, the credit card fees alone might come
               | out to 38C/ for the merchant. This is why you often see
               | "minimum card purchase $5" at coffee shops and small
               | businesses.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | Yes, the fee is usually fixed cost plus percentage, which
               | makes small transactions very expensive.
               | 
               | The small transaction problem is vastly worse with
               | Bitcoin, though. The catch is that the transaction fee is
               | paid by the buyer, so that $1.05 scone costs the consumer
               | $8.05.
               | 
               | $1.05 goes to the consumer $8 transaction fee goes to the
               | miner Some fraction (eventually most) of that $8
               | transaction fee goes to the energy company supplying the
               | miners with electricity.
               | 
               | Now your $1.05 scone transaction includes the cost of
               | charging a Tesla battery 3 times over, because that's how
               | much energy went into the transaction on the blockchain.
        
               | BitwiseFool wrote:
               | Absolutely true. I'm not advocating for crypto to replace
               | credit card transactions, as that would be insanely
               | impractical and wasteful. I wanted to draw some attention
               | to how badly merchants are treated when they accept card
               | payments.
        
           | maxkwallace wrote:
           | You're correct, but it is different. There is no free way to
           | accept payments. I personally pay with a 2% cash back card
           | myself. I just hope people have a full picture of the costs
           | and benefits of each approach. Crypto transaction fees are
           | expensive but there are also a lot of hidden costs of the
           | credit system.
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/maxfield_wall/status/1287097229220536321
           | 
           | I lived in Taipei for a year and almost all transactions
           | there are cash, debit, or bank transfer. You can do a bank
           | transfer to anyone instantly for pennies. Really puts the ACH
           | system to shame. Some things are better than getting 2% back.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | Losing money to credit card transaction fees is actually a
           | huge problem the average person does not know about. The
           | problem is that these credit card companies charge a
           | percentage based on each transaction which screws over the
           | merchant in two ways. One, it is inflation resistant. Two,
           | Visa/Mastercard do not pass savings and efficiencies onto the
           | client, they pocket the difference.
           | 
           | Just as an illustration, if a merchant's profit margin on an
           | item is 10% and the cc fees are 3%, they've lost a third of
           | their profit on that sale.
        
         | tobias3 wrote:
         | Here in the EU, credit card transaction fees are capped at
         | 0,3%. So no shenanigans, but cryptocurrencies would have to
         | fall within this range as well.
        
           | hackissimo123 wrote:
           | Is that the case in the whole EU? Because my AmEx gives me 1%
           | cashback here in the UK, and that's been true since long
           | before Brexit.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | https://www.gov.uk/government/news/credit-and-debit-card-
             | fee....
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | And, by the way, the merchant incorporates that cost into their
         | price.
        
           | ryder9 wrote:
           | so that means companies will charge less for a product if you
           | pay via BTC than USD right? lmao...
        
           | strombofulous wrote:
           | Something I've always been confused about, maybe you know the
           | answer -
           | 
           | Don't merchant's already charge the amount that causes
           | (number of units sold) * (profit per unit) to be as high as
           | possible? If visa suddenly dropped the transaction fee to 1%,
           | I don't think stores would pass the 2% savings on to the
           | customer
        
             | globular-toast wrote:
             | If free markets existed, that is how they would operate.
             | Sellers would be small, independent, have perfect knowledge
             | of the market and would always seek to maximise profit.
             | 
             | But free markets don't exist. There are many reasons why
             | merchants might not always aim to maximise profit. They
             | might instead seek the security of a loyal customer base,
             | for example. In many markets, sellers ruthlessly compete on
             | price, often at the cost of short term profit. Supermarkets
             | in the UK is a good example. If transaction costs for
             | supermarkets were reduced that would absolutely be seen by
             | the customers.
        
         | 35fbe7d3d5b9 wrote:
         | So the merchant sets the price of a bag of chips at $2.00. I
         | want to buy it. I could:
         | 
         | * Pay $2.00 with my credit card and get $.04 back = $1.96
         | 
         | * Pay $2.00 with cash and get $0 back = $2.00
         | 
         | * Pay $2.00 with btc and get $-x satoshis back because I have
         | to pay transaction fees + fees to convert to fiat = $2.00 +
         | some amount of fees that change daily
         | 
         | Hm.
        
       | qwerty456127 wrote:
       | What if we could just attach a MasterCard to a bitcoin wallet
       | rather than a bank account and then use it to pay at any ordinary
       | POS terminal so the conversion would be done seamlessly and the
       | store would get ordinary money? Is this what they are going to
       | implement?
        
       | Trumpi wrote:
       | What a clever way to tie an identity to a crypto wallet!
        
       | smithza wrote:
       | Serious question: what happens when nobody wants their HW assets
       | to verify the blockchain? What happens when the infrastructure
       | falls apart or the demands on the blockchain verification
       | outpaces the number of machines available to verify? Can you
       | buy/sell btc off of the internet? Why would we want a future with
       | digital assets that are inherently relying upon things that can
       | fall apart with an EMP (not trying to be a doomsayer/fearmonger)?
        
       | grishka wrote:
       | So how would they ruin it with KYC/AML this time?
        
         | superkuh wrote:
         | No, no. KYC/AML ruins actual means of getting Bitcoin. This
         | ploy for siphoning off money by Mastercard is perhaps the one
         | thing in reality that is _not_ good for Bitcoin intrinsically.
         | No need for KYC here.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-02-11 23:00 UTC)