[HN Gopher] Cops are playing music while citizens are filming to...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Cops are playing music while citizens are filming to trigger
       copyright filters
        
       Author : edward
       Score  : 182 points
       Date   : 2021-02-09 20:58 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | GoodJokes wrote:
       | Defund the police.
        
       | xwdv wrote:
       | Can't you just delete the audio
        
       | Tenoke wrote:
       | So for the next step we need an easy to use ML service for
       | removing protected (or all) music but not speech from videos.
        
       | soheil wrote:
       | How hard is it to mute the mic when streaming?
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | What's being said is often kind of important too.
        
         | kgwxd wrote:
         | What they're saying matters too much
        
           | ARandomerDude wrote:
           | Especially with masks. You can't even guess what's being said
           | by lip reading obvious mouth movements.
        
       | dfxm12 wrote:
       | _Sgt. Billy Fair is silent, and only starts speaking after we're
       | a good way through Sublime's "Santeria."_
       | 
       | Isn't this Fair use? :)
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | automated "copyright enforcement" mechanisms don't make that
         | distinction, and appeals against them have the same success
         | rate you can expect against any other big-tech automated
         | moderation - not good.
        
       | JadoJodo wrote:
       | I am 100% for accountability in policing, but I find it telling
       | the number of these kinds of videos that don't show the full
       | context and are instead 30s clips of the middle/worst part of the
       | interaction.
        
       | LinuxBender wrote:
       | This is just a suggestion and I am not a lawyer and this is
       | probably in the gray area and a bad idea, but one could upload
       | the videos their own site (server) then embed links to the files
       | on your social media platforms. Each platform could censor your
       | post, but the video would remain. If you are truly violating
       | copyrights, then you could of course lose your domain or face
       | legal repercussions, but if this is a case of a bot being overly
       | aggressive, then it might avoid the problem. The only reason I
       | could see hosting a video on platforms like Youtube would be if
       | you wanted to monetize it or expected a significantly large
       | number of simultaneous viewers. Even then, you can
       | downsize/optimize it for mobile viewers and then link to a full
       | size version for media outlets to use.
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | Wouldn't the copyright holder just DCMA the hosting provider
         | for the entire domain?
        
           | LinuxBender wrote:
           | That was one points I called out. If this is really a
           | copyright holder sending notifications, then yes you could
           | lose your domain. I suspect that is not what is happening
           | though. I suspect these are bots that detect what music is in
           | a video and automatically pull it down. Well, the bots can't
           | do that if the file is not under their control.
        
       | chris_wot wrote:
       | Well in that case I think the cops should be sued for copyright
       | infringement.
        
       | Taniwha wrote:
       | Surely it's the cop performing an unlicensed public performance
       | of a copyrighted work who should be being DCMA'd here .... this
       | video is just evidence of the crime
        
       | montebicyclelo wrote:
       | I guess at some point platforms will stop removing media that
       | contains copyrighted audio, and instead just remove the
       | copyrighted audio from the media. (?)
        
         | Udik wrote:
         | The uploaders- or tech-savvy early downloaders- might be able
         | to do the same. So as a way to prevent videos from being
         | uploaded to social media seems completely lame. As this video
         | proves, it's just a ticket for becoming quickly a _very_ famous
         | asshole.
        
         | Ansil849 wrote:
         | Youtube already does or did this. I remember multiple videos
         | that had no audio and a notification that the audio has been
         | removed owing to a copyright complaint.
        
           | montebicyclelo wrote:
           | Ah, I meant extracting the copyrighted audio signal from the
           | remaining audio signal, and leaving the remaining signal.
        
             | Ansil849 wrote:
             | I'm not sure how feasible that would be if someone is
             | talking over a song playing...
        
               | tenebrisalietum wrote:
               | If human beings can tell the difference between speech
               | and background audio while both are playing
               | simultaneously, it has to be possible somehow for a
               | machine to do it.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | This is certainly something that humans do, but they do
               | have a significant error rate.
        
               | Udik wrote:
               | Given that copyrighted audio is- more or less by
               | definition- available as a separate track without
               | interference, it shouldn't be _too_ difficult to subtract
               | it from the video 's track.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | It's theoretically straightforward if you have the actual
               | copyrighted audio; you can just invert it and add it to
               | the audio stream.
               | 
               | But I believe YouTube stores some kind of digest related
               | to the audio they identify, not the audio itself.
               | 
               | Then again, that audio _is_ available for many pieces
               | that happen to be present in other videos on YouTube,
               | which ContentID would automatically identify.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | Twitch does this. They mute the audio but still allow the
         | video. In this case it wouldn't help because the non-music
         | audio is still important.
        
       | jMyles wrote:
       | Is this at all surprising?
       | 
       | The same thing will happen in places that are trying to restrict
       | filming of children without their parents consent. Cops will find
       | a kid, make sure they're in frame, and use that as their pretext.
       | 
       | All anti-filming laws are subject to abuse by police. Police and
       | cameras (or more broadly, executive power and documentary vision)
       | have a very special relationship in society, and if the latter
       | isn't given absolute latitude, the former will take the offered
       | inch and subsume the right entirely.
        
       | tehwebguy wrote:
       | Article says they are playing Santeria by Sublime.
       | 
       | Perhaps they should be playing April 29th 1992 by the same band,
       | or does their cognitive dissonance actually have a limit?
        
         | bpcpdx wrote:
         | He's a Beverly Hills cop so he should play Axel F instead.
        
       | sschueller wrote:
       | Why is it not possible for individuals to just pay a fee like a
       | radio station to not get copyright striked?
       | 
       | There are so many solutions for industry like listening devices
       | for venues that figure out what was played so that licensing can
       | be processed.
       | 
       | I see this yet as another failure of the RIAA to get a leg up and
       | provide a win-win solution. Instead these idiots are stuck in
       | their old thinking until it's too late and someone else will once
       | again "steal" a huge part of their profit. Apple is one that took
       | such a chunk from them because they sat around.
        
         | michael1999 wrote:
         | Some media in some jurisdictions have compulsory licensing, but
         | music recordings in the USA do not. Licenses are discretionary.
         | I.e. must be negotiated from the owner.
         | 
         | Part of that negotiation is about leverage and bundling (you
         | can buy our hits but not without also buying all the crap) and
         | gives a whole industry of middlemen jobs. A-la-cart licensing
         | would be a disaster for some of the goons in RIAA.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_license
        
         | zimpenfish wrote:
         | > Why is it not possible for individuals to just pay a fee like
         | a radio station to not get copyright striked?
         | 
         | Worked for some people trying to get that kind of thing going
         | with the record companies but they were beyond ambivalent about
         | it. (As well they might be given that money rolls in without
         | much effort on their part.)
        
         | ARandomerDude wrote:
         | I would assume radio stations have contracts that allow them
         | to, quite literally, pay to play.
        
         | thephyber wrote:
         | It still shouldn't be needed. This situation is a great example
         | of Fair Use Doctrine.
        
       | idownvoted wrote:
       | Wow. Two things:
       | 
       | 1) That, of all police departments in the world, this is done by
       | _Beverly Hills Cops_ is a sign, that we 're living in a
       | simulation
       | 
       | 2) How broken must a society be, if all of the outrage is
       | directed towards police officers playing filter-triggering music
       | and not towards the environment in wich this becomes a thing in
       | the first place.
       | 
       | Assuming that Beverly Hills is not the economically worst-off
       | part of the US, I wonder if this is again another example of
       | class-war in disguise (i.e. upper class kids pretending to be
       | civil rights leaders by forcing working class officers to be
       | their youtube material).
        
         | apozem wrote:
         | What are you talking about? They're providing accountability
         | for the actions of armed agents of the state, people with a
         | literal license to kill. They're not forcing officers to do
         | unboxing videos.
        
       | zeruch wrote:
       | Sounds like a great use case for an upsurge in bittorrent traffic
       | again...
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | The real problem here is that there is no consequence for
       | incorrect takedowns. If content is taken down and then it turns
       | out to be fair use, no one suffers a penalty.
       | 
       | The DMCA and similar laws provide protection to the platform if
       | they act quickly on takedown notices, but the law needs to be
       | updated to provide penalties for the reporter for inappropriate
       | takedowns.
       | 
       | This would allow Google/Facebook/et al to change their tools from
       | automatic takedown to reporting the violation to the copyright
       | holder, and then it is up to the copyright holder to file a
       | claim. If perhaps the copyright holder makes too many erroneous
       | claims, they lose their copyright altogether.
       | 
       | Let the platforms be neutral, put the liability on the copyright
       | violators and copyright holders equally, so both have a reason to
       | act fairly.
        
         | theelous3 wrote:
         | > they lose their copyright altogether
         | 
         | Big no to this, as that can and would be abused by scavengers,
         | but the rest is sane and broadly agreed to be the way.
         | 
         | What tou want instead is fines by revenue / income.
        
           | jedberg wrote:
           | > Big no to this, as that can and would be abused by
           | scavengers
           | 
           | How would scavengers abuse this?
        
         | underwater wrote:
         | This is not about the laws. YouTube has their own copyright
         | processes that are more stringent than DMCA. They allow
         | companies to automate take down and take over requests with no
         | repercussions. Everyone who shares a video to their platform
         | has agreed to this process.
        
           | jedberg wrote:
           | I'm aware of that, but the reason YouTube has that process is
           | because they don't want to get sued. If the law gave YouTube
           | immunity by simply reporting copyright claims instead of
           | taking them down, they would switch their process. Especially
           | if YouTube had a penalty for getting it wrong.
        
             | Jasper_ wrote:
             | > I'm aware of that, but the reason YouTube has that
             | process is because they don't want to get sued. If the law
             | gave YouTube immunity by simply reporting copyright claims
             | instead of taking them down, they would switch their
             | process.
             | 
             | The DMCA already has a system that is much fairer to the
             | average creator in the form of safe harbor provisions.
             | YouTube doesn't like the DMCA process because it's
             | expensive to handle and process individual claims, compared
             | to letting their big partners just sling bogus claims
             | across the entire site.
             | 
             | They'd prefer to be on the side of rightsholders over
             | creators, simply because it's cheaper.
        
             | nitrogen wrote:
             | They might have nonstandard contracts with big media
             | producers that prevent YT from removing ContentID and/or
             | require YT to grant special takedown powers, so any legal
             | change would have to address those types of contracts (if
             | they exist) as well.
        
             | MrStonedOne wrote:
             | YouTube has a process _outside of the DMCA_ to let rights
             | holders take down videos without risk of a false DMCA suit.
        
         | h_anna_h wrote:
         | I am honestly wondering, is this case "fair use"?
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | The real problem is that the cops face no recourse for
         | blatantly defying a law they're suppose to follow - these are
         | people that are, after all, suppose to enforce the law.
        
           | darig wrote:
           | The real problem is you didn't serve them the recourse you
           | blatantly know they deserve - because you are, after all, a
           | coward.
        
           | read_if_gay_ wrote:
           | What law are they defying by playing music? Motives aside, in
           | principle, if people should be allowed to film why should
           | they not be allowed to play music?
        
             | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
             | In 12 states, you are NOT allowed to film cops. This
             | implies that in the other 38 states, the public has decided
             | you are allowed. Law is subjective by spirit, and playing
             | music so that anyone filming you cannot legally share the
             | film seems like a violation of the spirit of the law.
        
               | dogsgobork wrote:
               | There are 12 states where you can't secretly record the
               | police, or at least audio record the police, due to
               | wiretap consent laws.
               | https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/06/you-have-first-
               | amendme...
        
             | underwater wrote:
             | They're conducting a public performance of copyright music
             | without appropriate licenses.
        
               | Hnrobert42 wrote:
               | Are you arguing that playing music out loud is illegal?
        
             | jmj42 wrote:
             | Public performance of a copyrighted work. Unless the
             | officer has a license to play the music for public
             | consumption, it is illegal for him/her to do so.
        
               | Hnrobert42 wrote:
               | Are you arguing that playing music is illegal?
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Is it a criminal or civil offense?
               | 
               | If the officer is playing the music incidentally as they
               | go about their day, would that be fair use?
               | 
               | I wonder if a de-music service would be feasible so that
               | the copyrighted audio within a video would be detected
               | and suppressed without suppressing the video and other
               | noises.
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | Willful infringement of copyright is criminal. Incidental
               | infringement is not (also incidental recording of music
               | would probably not be civil infringement either in my
               | honest and not at all a lawyer opinion).
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | thrwn_frthr_awy wrote:
             | It isn't "people", it is the police trying to obfuscate and
             | avoid punishment for misconduct.
        
             | HarryHirsch wrote:
             | _why should they not be allowed to play music?_
             | 
             | Because it gives the impression that the cops have
             | something to hide when they are triggering the Facebook
             | copyright filter, seemingly on purpose. Caesar's wife must
             | be above reproach.
        
           | chongli wrote:
           | Even more fundamental is the adversarial relationship that
           | the culture of policing has developed with the public. The
           | _warrior mindset_ is at the root of so many of these
           | problems. We need to disband all of the police forces and
           | start again with a new culture based around a guardian
           | mindset and community service.
           | 
           | It's a similar problem (albeit much less extreme) to what's
           | happening right now in Myanmar with the military. It's so
           | difficult to defuse because the military and the civilians
           | there have such an adversarial relationship due to the long
           | years of dictatorship.
        
           | taneq wrote:
           | There are at least two real problems here.
        
       | tqi wrote:
       | Everyone here seems to be focused on the copyright laws, and not
       | the behavior of this officer, which to me feels misplaced blame.
        
       | bradly wrote:
       | Slightly related, but the only way I was able to get a site taken
       | down for a fraudulent listing of my rental property was to file a
       | Trademark/Copyright claim on the photos and description. The fact
       | that had my property with them listed as the owner and their own
       | phone number was not enough.
        
         | eftychis wrote:
         | That is really interesting and surprising.
        
       | seiferteric wrote:
       | Given the original source song, I would think it should be
       | possible to make some software to strip the song from a video
       | while leaving behind the other sounds no? Maybe using some sort
       | of correlation function or something?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | barbs wrote:
       | The tweet is mostly just a link to this article:
       | 
       | https://www.vice.com/en/article/bvxb94/is-this-beverly-hills...
        
         | alex_young wrote:
         | This really should be the article link.
        
       | miguelmota wrote:
       | Does the cop playing the music qualify as a public performance if
       | the citizens are the audience?
        
         | pdkl95 wrote:
         | Simply playing a song "in the background" without any critique,
         | educational purpose, or other _transformative fair use_ is
         | almost certainly an performance of the original work. If the
         | cop doesn 't have an appropriate license, they could be liable
         | for statutory damages up to $150,000[1] _per work_.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, enforcing this will probably only happen if
         | someone with standing files a lawsuit. I doubt many music
         | labels that hold the relevant copyrights are interested in
         | suing the cops.
         | 
         | [1] damages normally start much lower, but the performance of
         | the copyright protected work is _patently willful_
        
           | akeck wrote:
           | ASCAP, etc. will eventually want their bill paid for the
           | public performances. That was my experience volunteering at
           | small church coffee houses.
        
           | DrJokepu wrote:
           | There are also sovereign immunity issues, see Allen v.
           | Cooper.
        
           | willcipriano wrote:
           | Wouldn't you have to be a party to the infringing work for
           | that to be true? Presumably you can sue the copyright holder
           | of the film and not the "actors" as it were?
           | 
           | For example, if a romcom rips off some music I created can I
           | sue Ben Affleck because he appeared in it? I doubt it. I
           | especially doubt it if he didn't want to be in the film.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | filoleg wrote:
         | I think the idea is not to get hit with a "public performance"
         | charge, but to have the video get automatically taken down on
         | Youtube/Twitch/Instagram once it gets uploaded (due to the
         | algorithm detecting copyright-infringing material).
         | 
         | And for that purpose, it doesn't matter whether it was a public
         | performance or not. I can make a video of me sitting in a chair
         | with a copyrighted song playing in the background, and it will
         | get taken down. Hardly what I would call a "public
         | performance".
        
           | jedberg wrote:
           | The point is people should turn around and try to nail the
           | cops for illegal public performances.
        
             | mgkimsal wrote:
             | thanks - came here to say the same thing. does the police
             | department pay the appropriate BMI license to be able to
             | blast out those tunes in public?
        
             | postalrat wrote:
             | You can try. I'm sure the cops will just start playing
             | songs by artists who approve of cops playing but don't
             | approve of the songs appearing in the background of social
             | media posts.
        
       | meowface wrote:
       | Diabolical, but I'd be lying if I didn't say this is a clever
       | hack.
        
         | lhorie wrote:
         | So what happens if the person filming starts playing a
         | different song? I don't imagine the filter would be smart
         | enough to make out the two different songs playing at the same
         | time?
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | Law enforcement can break the law.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | 1-6 wrote:
         | Time for a technology company to come in to create a service
         | that emits some form of A/V and trigger DRM enforcement
         | procedures. Imagine when sporting events start to implement
         | this to jam social media sharing.
        
           | imtyler wrote:
           | Apple patented a system to do this in 2016[1] but has yet to
           | implement it afaik.
           | 
           | [1]https://m.dpreview.com/news/0190365065/apple-patents-
           | system-...
        
         | Wistar wrote:
         | But do the police have the proper BMI/ASCAP license for public
         | performance?
        
           | eftychis wrote:
           | Will be interesting if they pick the wrong company and get
           | sued for that in the process.
        
       | 99_00 wrote:
       | Citizens aren't prevented from filming. They are prevented from
       | uploading video to social media. There is an important
       | difference.
       | 
       | In this case I suspect the person filming is well known to the
       | police for filming and has a long history of interaction with
       | them.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | An argument can be made that uploading to social media is part
         | of the "recording" process.
         | 
         | If they put their hand in front of the lens, are they
         | preventing recording? If they take the phone and put it in a
         | box but leave it on, are they preventing recording?
        
         | liquidify wrote:
         | You only point out a fact here.
         | 
         | I don't think you are implying that it is ok for cops to be
         | doing something that is specifically to prevent open sharing of
         | their behavior via common 'platforms'.
         | 
         | I also don't think your comment related to the implications at
         | all... which is why your comment is provocative.
         | 
         | I wanted to react negatively, accusing you of willful
         | subversion, but all I can do is wonder if you did this
         | intentionally knowing that you would get a reaction.
         | 
         | Regardless, I'll explain why your statement is meaningless.
         | Police are here to serve and protect. They serve at the
         | public's discretion. If they do anything to reduce awareness of
         | the public's ability to analyze their performance or behavior
         | while on duty, they are no longer serving or protecting. They
         | should be fired.
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | I don't think anyone is claiming that playing music is
         | preventing people from filming?
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | There have been proposals to have hardware refuse to record
           | copyrighted works. Though of course if that was the context
           | then "citizens aren't prevented from filming" wouldn't be
           | true anyway.
        
       | Ansil849 wrote:
       | Just another of the myriad examples of how the DMCA is abused
       | with no repercussions to the abusers at all.
       | 
       | Remember when Youtube removed a video of someone in their garden
       | with the rationale that the sounds of birds chirping infringed on
       | some company's copyright [1]? And then they upheld the removal
       | even following manual review, so the tired refrain that it was
       | just an automated bot was not even applicable.
       | 
       | [1] https://waxy.org/2012/03/youtube_bypasses_the_dmca/
        
         | eftychis wrote:
         | I am amazed I am going to say this, but the issue is not with
         | the DMCA but with Google/YouTube allowing a bypass of DMCA.
         | 
         | If you read carefully, you will see they refer in the cited
         | case to the Content Id system. In that case Google allows the
         | claimants to verify that it is indeed their content and takes
         | their word for it with no repercussions.
         | 
         | If the company above had made a false DMCA claim they would be
         | in rough water, as DMCA provides the tooling for damages etc
         | and "countersueing."
         | 
         | Essentially Google found a way to produce something worse than
         | DMCA in all aspects besides automation and angering their
         | product (that is the users and content creators).
        
         | quotemstr wrote:
         | Is human review under sufficiently strict and inflexible policy
         | even distinguishable from machine review?
        
       | ghastmaster wrote:
       | I think a better approach to outright blocking the infringing, or
       | presume to be infringing content, would be developing software
       | that identifies the infringing audio and removes it using sound
       | cancellation. This would require the claimant to submit a sample
       | of the infringed content and an algorithm to add a layer of
       | opposite polarity audio or alteration of the actual original
       | layer.
       | 
       | The same would be more difficult with video, but could be done
       | eventually.:
       | 
       | This approach would require a great amount of initial investment.
       | It would have to be designed to deal with frequency shifted audio
       | as well.
        
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       (page generated 2021-02-09 23:00 UTC)