[HN Gopher] Why thinking too much can be bad for you
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       Why thinking too much can be bad for you
        
       Author : smk_
       Score  : 76 points
       Date   : 2021-02-09 20:10 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.economist.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.economist.com)
        
       | jdkee wrote:
       | It would be nice if the submitter posted a non-pay walled link.
        
         | kreeben wrote:
         | Yes, this article seems to have it all. Djokovic, Federer, a
         | cute baby, and with promises of great philosophical thoughts. I
         | would love to read it but unfortunately I actually can't afford
         | it. Oh well. Looking forward to the comments.
        
         | GZJOHN wrote:
         | https://github.com/iamadamdev/bypass-paywalls-chrome
        
         | naebother wrote:
         | I'm not hitting the paywall for some reason. Maybe because I
         | have JavaScript blocked.
        
         | jshevek wrote:
         | Yes. If it helps, the script blocking toggle in Brave allows me
         | to read it.
        
         | smk_ wrote:
         | Some interesting bits from the article:
         | 
         | "In less dramatic ways the same principle applies to all of us.
         | A fundamental paradox of human psychology is that thinking can
         | be bad for us. When we follow our own thoughts too closely, we
         | can lose our bearings, as our inner chatter drowns out common
         | sense."
         | 
         | "To make good decisions in a complex world, Gigerenzer says,
         | you have to be skilled at ignoring information. He found that a
         | portfolio of stocks picked by people he interviewed in the
         | street did better than those chosen by experts. The pedestrians
         | were using the "recognition heuristic": they picked companies
         | they'd heard of, which was a better guide to future success
         | than any analysis of price-earning ratios."
         | 
         | "How do you learn to unthink? Dylan believes the creative
         | impulse needs protecting from self-analysis: "As you get older,
         | you get smarter, and that can hinder you...You've got to
         | programme your brain not to think too much." Flann O'Brien said
         | we should be "calculatedly stupid" in order to write. The only
         | reliable cure for overthinking seems to be enjoyment, something
         | that both success and analysis can dull. Experienced athletes
         | and artists often complain that they have lost touch with what
         | made them love what they do in the first place. Thinking about
         | it is a poor substitute."
        
       | ChipSkylark wrote:
       | Being already known by my friends and family to be an
       | "overthinker" and prone to "analysis paralysis", I sometimes
       | wonder why I'm still a SWE. I've slowly started to realize over
       | time that my profession is filled with overthinking and over-
       | engineering, and that our interview process can even select for
       | it. IMO its hard to be the person that aces the technical
       | interview gauntlet then walks out of the building and turns the
       | analytical skills off.
       | 
       | Many interview processes seem to favor how well a candidate can
       | enumerate edge cases and problem spaces over effective risk
       | assessment and cost management. They're both important to
       | evaluate but often in practice the dumb solution is what my team
       | ends up using because can be more maintainable, cheaper to build,
       | easier to reason about, etc. Today my aim is to get my
       | requirements, write as few lines of quality code in as short of a
       | time as possible, test it, ship it and be done.
       | 
       | Narrow focus and the ability to scope things down to what exactly
       | what matters helps a lot. I defeat over-analysis by meditation,
       | intentional dumbness/willful ignorance, and flow state.
        
         | amatecha wrote:
         | As someone who's been programming for years, one of my biggest
         | complaints in software is over-engineering. It's so universally
         | prevalent, I literally expect to get downvoted for even making
         | this comment. I strongly advocate for simplicity in software
         | implementation, allowing for maintainability and flexibility...
         | the cleanest solution that reaches the goal and doesn't lock us
         | too far into a narrow approach that may be difficult to deviate
         | from. Sometimes that's not realistic, but it's actually
         | feasible a lot more than people seem to believe.
        
           | qnt wrote:
           | Wholeheartedly agree. The best system is no system at all -
           | problem is it doesn't really satisfy any requirements.
           | Anything added beyond that is extra room where fragility
           | creeps in & the tradeoff shouldn't ever be taken lightly.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | unix_fan wrote:
       | My writing skills only improved after I stopped thinking about
       | it. I'm still trying to figure out how to tap into this with
       | other skills.
        
         | Jtsummers wrote:
         | Practice, relaxation and the relief of (self-induced and
         | exaggerated) pressure. By practicing your writing and getting
         | feedback (from self-critique or others) you have an opportunity
         | to properly internalize things you'd been consciously thinking
         | of before. Maybe it's your style, your choice of terms,
         | whatever. Practice permits the internalization. Relaxation and
         | relief of pressure permit you to actually practice without fear
         | of failure. Failure is often a better teacher than success, you
         | can succeed all your life by dumb luck and never learn a thing
         | or misattribute the success to the wrong elements.
         | 
         | In other skills, physical or mental, removing pressure and
         | practicing more permits the same kind of growth and
         | development.
        
       | pwinnski wrote:
       | https://outline.com/u9cduE
       | 
       | It's from (2012)
        
         | tartoran wrote:
         | Eternally valid advice it is
        
       | Barrin92 wrote:
       | In chess there's an idiom for this. "Long think, wrong think"
       | because it's a quite common phenomenon that very good players
       | will ruin positions by rather than playing with their good
       | instinct, over-analyzing a position, there's a related situation
       | of the hardest games to win being already won positions because
       | there's so many ways to win that people will on occasion start
       | doing something really stupid akin to the example of having too
       | much choice in the article.
       | 
       | I think a nice collective analogue to this is Alfred Whitehead's
       | observation that _' civilisation advances by extending the number
       | of important operations which we can perform without thinking of
       | them'_. Progress is being made by holistically integrating
       | knowledge in a way that makes it sort of ambient.
       | 
       | It also reminds me of a slightly snarky article why all the
       | people in the rationalist cult never seem to actually be
       | successful at anything other than rationalism. It's precisely
       | because consciously thinking is easy, it's the integration of
       | knowledge into the whole that is difficult but actually
       | necessary.
        
       | pwinnski wrote:
       | Reading this article, I kept thinking of a song lyric: "Your
       | brain gets smart but your head gets dumb."
        
         | throwawaysea wrote:
         | https://youtu.be/L_jWHffIx5E
        
       | soneca wrote:
       | Well, I stopped reading when it said that Federer _"has been
       | choking"_ , losing due to a _"mental frailty"_. It told me
       | everything I need to know that there is nothing serious to be
       | read and learned in this article.
        
         | superbcarrot wrote:
         | When the article was written Federer had lost to Djokovic after
         | having 2 match points on two seperate occsasions (US Open 2010
         | and 2011) and since then this has happened again at Wimbledon
         | 2019. In that last two matches Federer was serving as well.
         | It's hard to make the argument that this isn't psychological.
        
           | throwaway2245 wrote:
           | If we model tennis points as random (let's say, accounting
           | only for service), would we not expect people to occasionally
           | lose when they had a match point? We'd expect this to happen
           | more often when playing an opponent of comparable skill.
           | 
           | It's not obvious to me that it's psychological at all, and it
           | seems to me that it's only reported as such because it makes
           | a good news story.
        
             | superbcarrot wrote:
             | Yes, of course it's going to happen. The point is that it
             | there is a significant difference between the players.
             | 
             | Here are some stats on this (collected by other people):
             | 
             | https://www.reddit.com/r/tennis/comments/habvu8/big_3_match
             | e...
             | 
             | https://www.quora.com/How-often-has-Nadal-lost-after-
             | holding...
             | 
             | https://tt.tennis-warehouse.com/index.php?threads%2Fmatch-
             | po...
             | 
             | According the most recent of these threads Federer's lose-
             | after-match-point percentage is 1.4%. Djokovic's is 0.2%.
             | Djokovic also has a much higher win-after-facing-match-
             | point percentage. It's hard to claim that this is purely
             | due to randomness.
        
               | throwaway2245 wrote:
               | I don't find this super convincing.
               | 
               | If you want to convince yourself that choking is a thing,
               | then this is a stat you might look at.
               | 
               | But, this stat is just as likely to be more influenced by
               | how close your opponent's skill was on that day (how
               | often you play opponents at a similar skill level), your
               | and your opponent's relative stamina, and perhaps even
               | pure luck - out of thousands of tour players, some are
               | going to have incredible luck.
        
           | ssivark wrote:
           | To elaborate beyond what @soneca said, how do we know that
           | Federer lost those points because he thought too much? _What
           | if, instead, Federer didn't think enough, and Djokovic just
           | outthought him?_ That's why the conclusion is unfalsifiable.
        
             | superbcarrot wrote:
             | Yes, I can agree with that. We don't really know enough
             | about what's happening in their heads to make any
             | conclusions.
        
           | soneca wrote:
           | For me is veeery easy to make the argument that this isn't
           | psychological, but only to the expected variance of tennis
           | match results. It was you that had to carefully cherry-pick
           | data to support your conclusion.
           | 
           | I would only have to choose among all the other match points
           | he has won through the 20 grand slams he has won. Only
           | considering Federer vs Djoko, Federer won 46% of the matches.
           | There a lot of match points won there. Also, considering only
           | Grand Slams, Federer won 6 out of 17. Not a great record, but
           | still no negligible number of wins. And I would attribute
           | that bad performance more to Djoko skills, and maybe also
           | Djoko physical peak coinciding with Federer older age, than
           | to any thing psychological.
        
           | leetcrew wrote:
           | djokovic was already an extremely strong (mentally,
           | physically, and technically) player himself at that time. he
           | finished the 2011 season no. 1 IIRC.
           | 
           | the "mental toughness" argument cuts both ways. pulling out a
           | win after two match points in a grand slam speaks as much to
           | djokovic's own mental fortitude as it does to federer's lack
           | thereof.
        
         | jshevek wrote:
         | I sometimes find word choice to be a reliable heuristic for
         | evaluating the probable worth of some prose, but I don't see
         | why, in this case, you feel this way. Would you mind
         | elaborating? (Assuming your conclusion is indeed based on the
         | phrasing chosen...)
        
           | soneca wrote:
           | I start from the assumption that Federer's career (even in
           | 2012) is enough to prove that he has the mental strength and
           | can perform at the highest level in stressful championship
           | decisions.
           | 
           | But the stronger reason to stop reading is that, in the most
           | generous interpretation, the author started to argue the
           | benefits of "not thinking too much" by using a unfalsifiable
           | claim about a very subjective interpretation of a fact,
           | attributing causality to an anedocte that is far too complex
           | to be resumed into a simplistic reason based on the author's
           | assumption. This seemed ridiculous to me.
           | 
           | It was obvious to me that the author didn't have much of a
           | science-informed take (my impression form the title) and was
           | just doing unsubstantiated storytelling
        
           | eindiran wrote:
           | Perhaps OP meant that he had been dealing with a knee injury,
           | and that doesn't have much to do with "mental frailty" at
           | all: https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30821027/roger-
           | federe...
           | 
           | EDIT: Actually the article is from 2012, so I assume its
           | because many of Federer's best years were still ahead of him.
        
             | Jtsummers wrote:
             | The original article (from The Economist) is from 2012, so
             | whatever the author was referring to was not the same as
             | the injuries discussed in your 2021 article (from ESPN).
        
               | eindiran wrote:
               | Hence the edit.
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | Which was made after my comment.
        
               | eindiran wrote:
               | I think there was some page-refreshing asynchrony here,
               | either on your end or mine. But I appreciate that you
               | attempted to correct me, so thank you.
        
       | 11thEarlOfMar wrote:
       | I finally understand my erratic bowling average.
        
       | bumbada wrote:
       | It is not really "not thinking", but not using your conscious
       | mind, which can only focus on a single thing.
       | 
       | You think with your subconscious mind too. But this can do
       | multiple things at the same time, way faster than the logical
       | mind.
       | 
       | The harder you focus on a single thing, the more you ignore the
       | entire system and the slower you perform.
       | 
       | It is not just instinct as the article say, a tennis player does
       | not play by instinct because nobody knows how to play tennis when
       | he is born.
       | 
       | It is by training that you develop intuition. If you train well
       | you can perform well without thinking consciously. Training well
       | is hard work and takes a lot of time too.
       | 
       | If you follow your instincts you are predictable and an easy
       | prey. I can hunt or fish animals because they follow their
       | instincts too well.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | There is a word that is missing from the language or at least
         | common usage, and that is differentiating something done with
         | conscious effort of every little detail, and something you just
         | do without thinking about it. (there are probably lots of words
         | which somewhat fit the bill)
         | 
         | The hardest way to do something is complete conscious control
         | of every step, the easiest way is something you can do
         | perfectly on autopilot.
         | 
         | "Flow" is about being able to do something very well with
         | almost minimal conscious control. (I would expand _flow_ to
         | being more than this, but it is at least a defining
         | characteristic)
        
           | taejavu wrote:
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Centipede%27s_Dilemma
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | Intuition versus instinct. Instinct is innate, intuition is
           | developed. "The more you know", if you have a better breadth
           | and depth of knowledge and experience to draw from you can
           | "intuit" the (or a) proper course of action without the need
           | for deliberate and thorough reasoning. Many people use the
           | term "instinct" when "intuition" may be the better term.
        
       | chordalkeyboard wrote:
       | You might learn to think for yourself and that would be bad for
       | us.
        
         | brundolf wrote:
         | I thought this way for many years. Confronting the fact that
         | thoughts carry a cost, and are therefore a tradeoff that has to
         | be weighed against their usefulness in any given case, was the
         | biggest turning point for the better my mental health has ever
         | taken.
        
         | Jtsummers wrote:
         | If you read the article, that's not at all what it's about. In
         | tech, the issue being discussed is closer to what's commonly
         | termed "analysis paralysis". Sometimes you just have to act on
         | your instincts (honed by experience, knowledge, and study) and
         | act rather than looking for a larger pattern or perfect
         | solution.
        
           | chordalkeyboard wrote:
           | I read the article and I don't like the headline's framing.
           | Choking also can be the result of being overwhelmed because
           | of a lack of mental preparation. Thanks for your reply.
        
             | totalZero wrote:
             | _" This last point is vital. Unthinking is not the same as
             | ignorance; you can't unthink if you haven't already
             | thought. Djokovic was able to pull off his wonder shot
             | because he had played a thousand variations on it in
             | previous matches and practice; Dylan's lyrical outpourings
             | drew on his immersion in folk songs, French poetry and
             | American legends. The unconscious minds of great artists
             | and sportsmen are like dense rainforests, which send up
             | spores of inspiration."_
        
       | asimjalis wrote:
       | I find it hard to disentangle the concepts of overthinking and
       | Economist. Could this article lead to subscriber flight?
        
       | orky56 wrote:
       | "The only reliable cure for overthinking seems to be enjoyment,
       | something that both success and analysis can dull." This point at
       | the end seems a bit forced without any support beyond the
       | author's assertion. The feeling I get is someone who has mastered
       | this unthinking is "enlightened" of sorts with an ability to get
       | to satisfaction with a humility that can be mistaken for
       | smugness.
       | 
       | From fiction, I might refer to the Wheel of Time series where
       | Rand Al'Thor uses a trick to "find the void" in a way his father
       | taught him. When you get overwhelmed from information and
       | emotions, finding the void allows you to regain composure and
       | think straight again.
        
         | chrisweekly wrote:
         | aka meditation
        
       | smk_ wrote:
       | This seems to be related to the concept of flow: finding that
       | sweet spot between being too relaxed and too-stressed out. We
       | need a moderate dose of stress to perform at our best. What's so
       | interesting is that experiencing flow is also correlated with
       | long-term fullfillment.
       | 
       | I've recently theorized the single most important factor for
       | happiness and performance is being able to control your stress
       | levels and increase/decrease your stress levels at will. It is
       | not novel, but it helps me if I see my primary task as
       | identifying which mechanisms can help me lower or increase
       | stress. So far, meditation seems to have the best effect.
        
       | zwieback wrote:
       | The examples are for a specific situation, though: using your
       | knowledge and experience under pressure. I don't think this maxim
       | applies broadly.
        
         | _carbyau_ wrote:
         | Yeah, the article kinda mentions it but I see it as:
         | 
         | If you have already put the thought required in, then when time
         | is short simply go with it rather than rethink it.
         | 
         | If you haven't put that thought in, well then thinking "on the
         | spot" is statistically unlikely to do any worse...
         | 
         | The trick is recognising situations where you have that
         | advantage when under that pressure.
        
       | HugoDaniel wrote:
       | thinking too much certainly does not help with sex
        
       | EugeneOZ wrote:
       | > To make good decisions in a complex world, Gigerenzer says, you
       | have to be skilled at ignoring information.
       | 
       | It's total bullshit. It might work with some crap like a lottery
       | or bets on "American Idol" winners, but to solve complex tasks
       | you need more information and more experience. All the examples
       | in this article are to impress not-so-well-educated people, level
       | of TV-show, not higher.
       | 
       | When we make quick decisions in areas out of our expertise, we
       | use the same logic as when we make decisions based on emotions,
       | empathy, "intuition". It's nothing more than a lottery.
       | 
       | Their first example is just about a mentally burnt out person,
       | that's all. Yes, we should give a rest to our brains, but the
       | advice "just don't think too much" is an idiotic
       | oversimplification.
        
         | Jtsummers wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > They found that those who placed high trust in their feelings
         | made better predictions than those who didn't. The result only
         | applied, however, when the participants had some prior
         | knowledge.
         | 
         | Which is exactly what you're saying so I'm uncertain why you're
         | calling the article "total bullshit" when you're restating this
         | critical part of it in your own comment and own words.
        
           | EugeneOZ wrote:
           | Maybe you need to read the whole article, there is more than
           | just that.
           | 
           | For example, they use as evidence the experiment (on a small
           | group of people, without a control group, without attempts to
           | repeat it - everything to be called anti-scientific), where
           | they separate students, based on the color of their skin.
           | Amazing start, right? And the whole article is filled with
           | such fairy tales, not by scientific data.
        
       | tracyhenry wrote:
       | > The only reliable cure for overthinking seems to be enjoyment
       | 
       | However, enjoyment in a high-stake situation is too hard to
       | achieve. For people like actors, athletes and musicians,
       | confidence generated through enough practice seems to be the
       | cure. Enjoyment is an aftereffect. For situations for which you
       | have no way to practice, enjoyment just seems hard.
        
         | unix_fan wrote:
         | If you're playing an instrument in front of an audience,
         | performance anxiety will usually make things much worse than if
         | you had practiced in private.
        
           | chrisweekly wrote:
           | YMMV; many musicians feed off an audience's energy and thus
           | get more fully and deeply into the moment. Which is what all
           | of this is about -- being 100% in the NOW and not in your
           | conscious mind's memories (past) or anxieties (future).
        
             | chrisweekly wrote:
             | also elite athletes who play "out of their minds" when
             | everything's on the line, eg star basketball players whose
             | 4th quarter shooting % in playoff games is higher than at
             | any practice
        
               | tracyhenry wrote:
               | Wonder how much is this related to meditation and
               | mindfulness. Both Michael Jordan and Kobe Byrant meditate
               | a lot:
               | 
               | https://abcnews.go.com/Health/michael-jordan-kobe-
               | bryants-me...
               | 
               | https://www.linkedin.com/business/learning/blog/productiv
               | ity...
        
           | tdumitrescu wrote:
           | Yes, and repeated practice at performing _in front of an
           | audience_ will gradually reduce that anxiety for most people.
           | Getting to that state where you can be up in front of a lot
           | of people and just enjoying yourself making music is a
           | wonderful feeling, and for most of us it takes a lot of hard
           | work over many years.
           | 
           | In my personal experience, both with musical performance and
           | public speaking, the #1 thing that makes a difference in
           | terms of how nervous I am during the performance is how well
           | I know the material. The more I can "shut off my brain" and
           | let rote memory handle the basics (correctness), the more
           | room I have to take it further with nuance, dramatic arc,
           | etc.
        
             | tracyhenry wrote:
             | Y that was my exact thought. You need enough practice
             | (private or public) to achieve the state where you can let
             | your muscle memories to handle the basics.
        
         | plumsempy wrote:
         | I'm not sure I entirely agree: curiosity and discovery can be
         | very enjoyable; which means it is more about openness --
         | personally I over analyze when I am contracted and anxious,
         | which figures.
        
           | tracyhenry wrote:
           | The question is still there: how do you maintain openness in
           | a high-stake situation? When you play an instrument in front
           | of a large audience, without enough practice it's hard to be
           | open because all your attention will be directed to get
           | things correct. With enough practice, your muscle memory will
           | handle the basics, upon which openness/enjoyment can be
           | built.
        
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       (page generated 2021-02-09 23:01 UTC)