[HN Gopher] Pi from High School Maths
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       Pi from High School Maths
        
       Author : vonadz
       Score  : 47 points
       Date   : 2021-02-09 11:11 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (theartofmachinery.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (theartofmachinery.com)
        
       | wizzwizz4 wrote:
       | This is a very elegant approach. I have a project where I'm
       | basically reconstructing mathematics from _many_ different sets
       | of first principles in an attempt to give the computer
       | "intuition" about mathematics (intuition a la expert systems, not
       | machine learning), and this has opened my eyes to a _lot_ of
       | elegant, useful sources of intuition (and not just about
       | geometry).
        
         | nayuki wrote:
         | I haven't figured out how to compute p efficiently yet. But
         | computing e with proper error bounds is feasible with high-
         | school-level algebra: https://www.nayuki.io/page/approximating-
         | eulers-number-corre...
        
         | aesh2Xa1 wrote:
         | > and this has opened my eyes to a lot of elegant, useful
         | sources of intuition (and not just about geometry).
         | 
         | Would you care to compile and share them?
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | It's hard to compile intuition; seeing _that one diagram_
           | unlocked an entire category of possibilities that I hadn 't
           | spotted before, and I can _feel_ that they 're now accessible
           | (and always were, but I hadn't looked). It's hard to
           | enumerate them.
           | 
           | Basically, a lot of things can be _thought of_ as something
           | vaguely geometric, and then enumerated discretely using some
           | method of enumeration (e.g. a grid) to form an approximation
           | to the value, which is a known bound. It feels like the
           | general idea can be used for things other than approximating
           | real values (something to do with property membership and
           | graphs?) but I can 't give any concrete examples of that.
           | 
           | One of the ideas I got from this, which I _think_ was what
           | spurred me to write that comment, was doing it in reverse.
           | You can think of certain discrete systems as being, in some
           | nebulous way stronger than a bound, inextricably linked to a
           | continuous function. Kind of like Pisot-Vijayaraghavan
           | numbers,[0] but more so. There was something about the
           | resource requirements of an algorithm and applying this
           | technique to compiler optimisation, but that 's an incomplete
           | thought.
           | 
           | Lots of things.
           | 
           | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisot%E2%80%93Vijayaraghav
           | an_n...
        
       | tkgally wrote:
       | This reminds me of a problem that was on the entrance examination
       | to the University of Tokyo in 2003: "Prove that the ratio of a
       | circle's circumference to its diameter is greater than 3.05." The
       | problem was believed to have been posed as a protest against the
       | dumbing down of the government-mandated curriculum, as elementary
       | school children in Japan were being taught to use 3 as a
       | substitute for pi in some calculations [1]. The elegance of the
       | problem is that test-takers were unlikely ever to have
       | encountered it before and that various creative solutions are, it
       | seems, possible.
       | 
       | [1] https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan Zhou Lu ha3
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | > as elementary school children in Japan were being taught to
         | use 3 as a substitute for pi in some calculations
         | 
         | That's robbing them of getting an (intuitive) understanding of
         | a whole class of numbers. And limits too!
        
         | koolba wrote:
         | What disgrace if a math program would use 3 as an estimate for
         | pi? Not even 22/7?!
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | 3 is no more of a disgrace than 22/7, in my book.
        
             | angelgcuartero wrote:
             | Wait... --> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana_Pi_Bill
        
       | molticrystal wrote:
       | Buffon's needle problem[0] remains my favorite way to calculate
       | pi. You drop readily available sticks such as matches or
       | toothpicks on top of parallel lines at least slightly wider than
       | the sticks. In a Monte Carlo fashion, pi will emerge. An
       | interactive example is available[1].
       | 
       | pi is approximately: (2 x the stick length * the number dropped)
       | divided by (the distance between lines * sticks crossing a line)
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffon%27s_needle_problem
       | 
       | [1] https://ogden.eu/pi/
        
       | leephillips wrote:
       | I made this for my students a while ago, approximating p with
       | similar ideas:
       | 
       | https://lee-phillips.org/pidaydarts/
       | 
       | I think it was my first Svelte application.
       | 
       | We did the paper airplane version in class, which was fun.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | m4r35n357 wrote:
       | I love playing "spot the programming language" . . .
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | I imagine that a good exercise for children who can already
       | reason about proportionality is to calculate pi experimentally.
       | 
       | You can basically make a few experiments to illustrate that the
       | perimeter of a circle is proportional to its radius and then ask
       | them to calculate the perimeter another circle knowing only its
       | radius.
        
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       (page generated 2021-02-09 23:02 UTC)