[HN Gopher] How to lower the price of plant-based meat
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       How to lower the price of plant-based meat
        
       Author : pantalaimon
       Score  : 114 points
       Date   : 2021-02-06 19:27 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (us14.campaign-archive.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (us14.campaign-archive.com)
        
       | grumple wrote:
       | It's interesting that the prices for meat quoted in the article
       | are far lower than what I see in my major American city, with
       | meat typically going for triple the quoted prices. Vegan
       | alternatives are quite attractive because there's not much of a
       | price difference here.
        
       | zionic wrote:
       | I'm far more interested in cultured/clean meat grown from real
       | cells.
        
         | ebiester wrote:
         | I am interested in both, but we're still a bit away from
         | cultured meat. We are closer than I expected we would be in
         | 2021, though. See this press release from this week:
         | https://www.perishablenews.com/meatpoultry/future-meat-techn...
         | 
         | That said, I think there is room for both. In the
         | hamburger/chicken nugget space, I think plant based is going to
         | keep beating cultured for the next decade - if cultured wins,
         | it needs to figure out fat (afaik it still hasn't.)
        
         | Nailgun wrote:
         | Are there any commercial products and has anyone tried it? I do
         | recall some video somewhere of a US restaurant and people said
         | it was reasonable but that could have been plant based.
        
           | Layke1123 wrote:
           | I tried the impossible burger at Burger King. I could not
           | tell a difference personally from any typical fast food
           | burger. Would buy it again to satisfy a craving.
        
             | wavefunction wrote:
             | That's not cultured meat. It's plant-protein based.
        
               | Layke1123 wrote:
               | See my response to another poster.
        
             | shmageggy wrote:
             | The Impossible burger is not cultured meat, it's a plant-
             | based product. OP is referring to this
             | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/dec/02/no-
             | kill-...
        
               | Layke1123 wrote:
               | Ah I misread his wording. I thought he was just asking
               | for someone's opinion on restaurants that had served any
               | meat alternative product, not specifically lab grown
               | meat.
        
             | hiddevb wrote:
             | Impossible burger is still created from plants. "Clean" or
             | lab grown meat isn't commercially available anywhere, it
             | only exists is some labs AFAIK. It's sadly very expensive
             | to make today.
             | 
             | There are a few startups working on this, Mosa meat and
             | meatable are some examples.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | drewg123 wrote:
           | The company behind Just Egg is vat-growing cultured chicken.
           | It is limited to Singapore for now. See https://goodmeat.co/
        
             | thatcherc wrote:
             | I'm intrigued and want to read more about this, but that
             | site is crazy. Takes >10 seconds on my phone to load the
             | 'experience' which is a long-form scrolljacking narrative
             | that starts with the history of the chicken.
             | 
             | Their FAQ page is really interesting, but I can't find a
             | way to link directly to it.
        
         | mtgx wrote:
         | Is any of this stuff anywhere near as nutritious as real beef?
         | 
         | I wonder what chronic diseases the next generations will have
         | because of eating so much low-nutrition food.
        
       | cccc4all wrote:
       | Cows and livestock eat plants and convert into meat. It's natural
       | and organic and proven process that's been around for thousands
       | of years.
       | 
       | Ground up plants with food colorings and odd shapes are not meat.
        
         | hexo wrote:
         | Exactly! There is no such thing as plant based meat.
        
         | delibes wrote:
         | Agreed. Some vegans/vegetarians don't want their food labelled
         | meat either.
         | 
         | However please don't compare the modern industrial meat
         | production with anything like farming from, say, 500 years ago,
         | or with ancient hunting. Modern meat production is brutal (for
         | necessary cost reasons) and hugely destructive to the
         | environment.
        
           | cccc4all wrote:
           | Please look into these modern industrial plant processing and
           | production for vegans, vegetarians.
           | 
           | They will be much better off eating good quality meats from
           | reputable sources.
        
           | wtetzner wrote:
           | There are still sustainable farms, and you can of course
           | encourage more of it by buying your meat from those.
        
             | handol wrote:
             | Sure there are, but we don't have enough surface area on
             | this planet to replace industrial meat production with
             | sustainable farms without a vast decrease in output.
        
               | sixstringtheory wrote:
               | The price should go up according to the limited supply.
               | That would naturally deflate demand and allow producers
               | to invest in better processes.
        
         | hannob wrote:
         | > It's natural and organic and proven process that's been
         | around for thousands of years.
         | 
         | Which is a good example how "natural" and "been around for
         | thousands of years" does not equal "is good for the
         | environment".
        
           | bearbawl wrote:
           | First of all, I'm pretty sure animals live there, in the <<
           | environment >>. And animals eat animals, in this <<
           | environment >>. As far as tv documentaries present this to me
           | (sorry I've never been in the real nature in the real life),
           | it's not << induced >>.
           | 
           | The question then is more about how much we eat, what do we
           | consider << ok >> to eat, how many are we, and how do we farm
           | to sustain all this.
        
           | alacombe wrote:
           | 7 billions homo sapiens sapiens is not good for the
           | environment either, so you should welcome war, genocides,
           | pandemic and anything reducing its population.
        
           | eznzt wrote:
           | Nobody said it does?
        
             | hannob wrote:
             | The top poster seems to imply that these are good things.
        
               | cccc4all wrote:
               | I am clearly stating that raising cows and livestock for
               | meat are better than industrial crops ground up with food
               | coloring and odd shapes.
               | 
               | Eating cow and livestock meat is better for people and
               | environment.
        
               | Falling3 wrote:
               | Ah yes. The well-known environmental impact of
               | rectangular shaped foodstuffs.
               | 
               | Seriously, this amounts to nothing more than a
               | Naturalistic Fallacy.
        
           | cccc4all wrote:
           | Cows and livestock are great for environment. They eat plants
           | and clear vegetation and the poop converts to nutrients in
           | soil.
           | 
           | People should demand and buy better meat from better farms
           | with better practices.
        
             | xsmasher wrote:
             | The type of meat production you are talking about is not
             | typical or representative of the industry.
        
             | Falling3 wrote:
             | There is no way to satisfy the growing demand for meat in a
             | way that is not damaging to the environment. And that's
             | leaving aside any questions of ethics for the animals
             | themselves.
        
               | bearbawl wrote:
               | There is no way to satisfy the growing in a way that is
               | not damaging to the environment. And that's leaving aside
               | any questions of ethics themselves.
        
               | Falling3 wrote:
               | Sorry, I'm not following what you were trying to do
               | there. Are you trying to bring this back around to human
               | population growth?
        
               | bearbawl wrote:
               | Exactly. I think we're way too much and this is the part
               | that is not sustainable.
               | 
               | Unfortunately it's apparently way more trendy to become
               | vegan than to say we're simply too much.
        
               | Falling3 wrote:
               | I became a vegan 15 years ago because I couldn't morally
               | justify the unnecessary raising and killing other
               | individuals. You may not agree, but writing that decision
               | off as "trendy" is more than a bit condescending.
               | 
               | Every study I've seen on the Earth's carrying capacity
               | came to the conclusion that we could support at least a
               | few more billion humans. So why you believe it's more
               | correct to say we have a population problem than a
               | consumption problem?
        
               | bearbawl wrote:
               | I'm sorry for being condescending but I wasn't referring
               | to you in particular. It is indeed currently very trendy
               | to be vegan.
               | 
               | I chose the other direction which is to eat very very
               | good meat, but way way less, because that's goddamn
               | expensive and because we can't produce it that much. Just
               | like good wine.
               | 
               | The very big issue with meat is that you have a shit ton
               | of farm raising some thousands animals in very precarious
               | conditions for people eating garbage. That's harsh, but
               | that's the sad truth.
               | 
               | The conclusion to this should not be to stop meat but to
               | stop garbage. Just like everything in food by the way,
               | you can eat 100% vegan 100% garbage 100% detrimental for
               | the environment.
               | 
               | The issue with studies is that it's basically impossible
               | to just prove that we << could support at least a few
               | more billion humans >>. It's just too big of a study. I'm
               | actually pretty sure that with the way we live
               | (independently of the question of meat) we should already
               | be way less than we are. It's quite obvious but I don't
               | have any << studies >> at end, because it's way easier
               | for everywhere to just << prove >> we can continue as we
               | do (if we all become vegan of course, because that's
               | really the heart of our issue).
               | 
               | I'm not saying it's a population problem and not a
               | consumption problem. I think it's both. And I think the
               | vegan trend is absolutely part of the consumption problem
               | because it's hiding the source of the issue. You just
               | have to look at how it's so easier for people to tackle
               | The source of the issue is that we should seek good
               | instead of quantity or easiness.
               | 
               | We have replaced the supposedly old problem of meat by
               | the new supposedly non-problem of food in a plastic bag
               | with a vegan sticker on it.
        
               | sixstringtheory wrote:
               | What about pricing in all externalities and letting the
               | price equilibrium find a natural state be removing
               | subsidies? People will only buy what they can afford.
        
               | Falling3 wrote:
               | That would certainly be a potential solution for the
               | environmental issues. I still don't find it to be ethical
               | for the individuals being farmed.
        
             | drewg123 wrote:
             | The ever growing demand for meat is a leading cause of
             | deforestation. Forests remove far more CO2 than grasslands
             | (think 3 dimensions vs 2 dimensions).
             | 
             | Cows require orders of magnitude more land to be devoted to
             | them than plant based food, simply due to the
             | inefficiencies of the sunlight -> plant -> meat -> food
             | production process. If you cut the middle-man out (meat),
             | then the process becomes orders of magnitude more
             | efficient.
             | 
             | This reminds me that if by "better farms with better
             | practices" you mean free-range type farms, then they are
             | actually far worse for the environment because they are
             | less efficient. Eg, you need more land per pound of meat
             | produced.
             | 
             | Cows also produce vast quantities of methane, which is a
             | leading greenhouse gas. The quickest way to slow down
             | global warming would be to cease livestock farming
             | entirely.
             | 
             | Watch the documentary "Cowspiricy"
             | (https://www.netflix.com/title/80033772)
             | 
             | Or for a shorter view, Mark Rober's "Feeding Bill Gates
             | Fake Burger (to save the world)
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-k-V3ESHcfA
        
           | wtetzner wrote:
           | Are we convinced growing these crops are good for the
           | environment?
           | 
           | Not to mention how terrible plant-based "meats" are for your
           | health.
        
             | bearbawl wrote:
             | I'm actually pretty sure anything we do too much is bad
             | somehow.
             | 
             | The question is more around the << too much >> than around
             | what we do.
        
             | hannob wrote:
             | > Are we convinced growing these crops are good for the
             | environment?
             | 
             | They don't have to be good, just less bad than producing
             | meat. It is almost impossible to create any food that has a
             | larger impact than beef [1].
             | 
             | [1] https://ourworldindata.org/food-choice-vs-eating-local
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | In itself it's neither good nor bad for the environment. In
           | fact some ecosystems depend on the vegetation being kept in
           | check by herbivores so arguably keeping at least some cattle
           | in those ecosystems is 'good' for the environment.
           | 
           | The problem is the scale, which is also a problem with the
           | industrial growing of crops and industrial fishing.
           | 
           | In rich countries we probably eat too much meat both for our
           | health and for the impact on the environment, but the bottom
           | line is that feeding 8 billion people and counting, who are
           | getting richer globally, is going to hit the environment
           | hard.
           | 
           | IMHO, the best way to reduce meat consumption is to ban
           | subsidies and to increase regulatory quality standards, which
           | would make prices go up significantly. But that's politically
           | unpalatable.
        
       | lorax_108 wrote:
       | plant based "meat" is not good for you. do not eat it.
        
       | zaroth wrote:
       | Aside from personal preference, I would think there are two main
       | reasons to consider replacing animal meat protein with plant
       | protein. Because it could be healthier for the planet, and
       | because it could be healthier for human consumption.
       | 
       | I'm not sure we've proven either one is definitely true. I think
       | the evidence leans towards plant farming being less impactful to
       | the planet on a fundamental conservation of energy basis, but
       | farming at scale the ways that humans tend to do it causes a lot
       | of problems with soil erosion and pesticide contamination which
       | are yet to be overcome, but likely easier to solve than a similar
       | problem of growing enough grass and corn for the cows.
       | 
       | On the other hand, I'm a lot less convinced that eating these
       | highly processed plant proteins (to get them into a desirable
       | form for mass consumption) is necessarily a de facto healthier
       | way for humans to get their protein.
       | 
       | I just tend to be wary of IPO-scale manufacturing of hyped/trendy
       | processed foods.
        
         | redisman wrote:
         | > A typical diet for a dairy cow could include about 30 to 35
         | pounds of baled hay (26-30 pounds DM) and 25 pounds of grain
         | mix (22 pounds DM). Grain includes corn, soybean meal,
         | minerals, and vitamins.
         | 
         | Cows don't just graze, in fact mostly they're raised on the
         | same staple crops which humans eat.
        
         | bigfudge wrote:
         | You do know that a high proportion of all crops in the US are
         | fed to cows right? We are not feeding cows grass, so your
         | argument is mostly moot.
        
           | imoverclocked wrote:
           | So, to recap, feeding plant crops to animals is the current
           | best way to produce plant based meat. Seems like the best way
           | to feed our crops is also with animal products. I don't
           | really understand why we want to work so hard to drive a
           | technological wedge into this process. Is it to get rid of
           | other animals on the planet?
        
             | redisman wrote:
             | > Seems like the best way to feed our crops is also with
             | animal products.
             | 
             | You want to feed our crops with animal products? Like pour
             | some ground meat in the cornfield?
        
       | Layke1123 wrote:
       | Combining a few points into one since they are related, but
       | plant-based meat is a misnomer. Plant-based protein, or meat-
       | substitute are better terms and meat should not have it's
       | definition muddied.
       | 
       | Lab grown meat from cultured cells, however, fair game. Trying to
       | force companies to call it anything other than meat would be
       | intentionally seeking to stifle innovation.
        
         | drewg123 wrote:
         | That ship has sailed a long time ago with dairy products. Just
         | look at all the nut-based "milks" and "cheeses" and "yogurts".
        
       | jahnu wrote:
       | A worthy goal. I'd love to lower the price of plants too. It
       | never fails to amaze me how expensive some vegetables are
       | compared to meat for some rough equivalent measure like calories.
       | The subsidies for meat and dairy are ridiculous by comparison.
        
       | seventytwo wrote:
       | Interesting how all the Silicon Valley brainiacs here on HN are
       | far more interested in discussing the semantics of "meat" than
       | the technology or economics.
       | 
       | Kind of disappointing, really.
        
         | tomcam wrote:
         | Words are important. Kind of disappointing that you fail to
         | understand that, really.
        
           | shmageggy wrote:
           | And language constantly evolves.
           | 
           | Also it's irrelevant to the content of the article.
        
             | Layke1123 wrote:
             | And that is part of the reason we need to be precise with
             | our language. Last time I checked, we use a dead language
             | in medicine precisely because it is not evolving, and we
             | don't want to have to fight a battle on two fronts.
             | 
             | A similar thing can be observed in programming languages
             | like Python, where it's important to know which version is
             | used, or even in law, as legal English is entirely
             | different than the constantly evolving language of common
             | parlance.
             | 
             | To think definitions that directly relate to the product
             | are irrelevant to a wholistic view of the article is naive
             | and petulant. If you have a novel insight, add it. If you
             | want to criticize others, enjoy your downvotes.
        
             | tomcam wrote:
             | Upvoted because in retrospect I agree
        
         | Falling3 wrote:
         | Very disappointing. I'm not at all clear on the concern over
         | semantics except in the case of lobbying groups and large
         | companies on the animal ag side.
        
         | Dylan16807 wrote:
         | The article doesn't have a lot of substance about the
         | economics, but there's a healthy amount of discussion about it
         | anyway.
         | 
         | The article has nothing about the tech, so you shouldn't be so
         | demanding that people talk about the tech in this particular
         | comment section.
        
         | bearbawl wrote:
         | This is only if you think that people are only discussing
         | semantic. But they are not of course.
        
       | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
       | It's interesting to note the names of the companies in the
       | article:
       | 
       | >> In China, Beyond Meat signed five major new partnerships, with
       | Starbucks, retailers Alibaba and Metro, distributor Sinodis, and
       | Yum China (owner of KFC, Pizza Hut, and Taco Bell).
       | 
       | >> In the rest of Asia, Thailand's largest meat company, CP Foods
       | (...)
       | 
       | >> In Latin America, Brazilian agribusiness giant Marfrig (...)
       | 
       | >> In Europe, the UK's largest retailer, Tesco (...)
       | 
       | >> Dairy giant Danone (...)
       | 
       | >> Unilever shared that a third of its products are now plant-
       | based. (...)
       | 
       | >> Danone declared its ambition to more than double its plant-
       | based sales >> worldwide (...)
       | 
       | >> In the US, Starbucks started selling Impossible breakfast
       | sandwiches, as did >> Burger King, while KFC began a new trial of
       | Beyond Fried Chicken (...)
       | 
       | These are all the very same agribusiness colossi that are
       | responsible for the despoiling of land and the destruction of the
       | environment by the most brutal intensive agriculture and farming
       | methods.
       | 
       | And it's these companies that are expected to solve the problem
       | of mass food production (plant- or meat-based) in a way that does
       | not destroy the environment _even more_ and that respects the
       | health and the nutrition needs of their customers? I find that
       | extremely naive.
       | 
       | Such companies simply want to sell the cheapest, lowest-quality
       | food products for the highest possible profit (Taco Bell! KFC!
       | Burger King!). If they can claim to protect the enviroment, even
       | as they further brutalise it, then all the better for their
       | bottom line.
        
         | shartshooter wrote:
         | If you're trying to bring a new product to market don't you
         | want to rely on the infrastructure that already exists? What's
         | the alternative if you want to make an impact quickly?
         | 
         | Sure, KFC, PizzaHut, etc. have contributed significantly to
         | increases in meat consumption, but isn't that exactly the place
         | to start?
         | 
         | Just like BP, Shell, etc. are diversifying _away_ from fossil
         | fuels, the companies you mentioned likely see the writing on
         | the wall. Considering the fact that they already have supply
         | chains in place to support a significant portion of the
         | population, using them as a proxy to get alternative meats to
         | people at a reasonable cost seems like the path of least
         | resistance.
         | 
         | Agreed, these companies in many ways have despoiled the land as
         | you said but their real motivation is generating profit, they
         | don't necessarily care about the food being low quality, they
         | care that it's good enough for people to buy it and cheap
         | enough to sell it.
         | 
         | If alternative meats drive the same demand, or more, as regular
         | meats and can be sold at similar margins, and as a byproduct
         | the companies can say they're on the alternative meats train, I
         | think you'll see them come onboard.
         | 
         | My parents, who are as far from alternative meat fans as you
         | can find, are in complete alignment that eating meat isn't
         | going to be nearly as commonplace in 30 years as it is today
         | and are interested in investing in alternative meat producers
         | just due to the fact that society is trending in that
         | direction.
         | 
         | Of course you've got the rise of countries coming out of
         | poverty whose populace is going to expect to eat a bunch of
         | meat which is why it's critical that we get economies of scale,
         | distribution, etc. nailed down now _before_ they acquire a real
         | taste of beef grown on an industrial farm, instead we need
         | options for them to buy alternative, or potentially lab grown,
         | meats.
         | 
         | Doing so would have the benefit of generating massive amounts
         | of innovation in how food is produced while, hopefully,
         | reducing relative and absolute greenhouse gas emissions.
        
       | delibes wrote:
       | tldr - economies of scale and cheaper inputs
        
         | ggm wrote:
         | Yep. But lurking underneath is health, and mouth-feel and
         | taste. Cultured cell lines will possibly get past health
         | because instead of plant based vitamins and nutrients it will
         | be animal protein and fat soluble versions which are sometimes
         | more bioavailable.
         | 
         | Mouth feel is heavily dominated by fat, but also texture. I
         | don't know if the cell culture meat lays down muscle fibre the
         | same way actually being a leg of a grazing animal does. Tvp
         | tried to emulate this with spun fibre complexes, I never found
         | it very compelling.
         | 
         | It's not really surprising meat substitution targets ground
         | beef, ground chicken and the like.
        
       | WaitWaitWha wrote:
       | A tangential topic - I really think that in general calling
       | plant-based things "meat", a terrible idea. It does not promote
       | plant-base diet or meat consumption reduction. It is trying to be
       | what is not.
       | 
       | I think it pushes away those who are on the cusp of moving
       | towards plant-base foods. Why? Because the consumer is told it is
       | "meat", so they will compare it to meat. They will compare these
       | patties to a real, prime Angus burger.
       | 
       | If we could be honest and declare them what they are, plant-based
       | patties (come up with new name or whatever, plenty of plant-based
       | names in non-English languages) I think it would improve the
       | general image and consumption of these products.
       | 
       | Suddenly we would not be locked in the "meat" category. We can
       | have all kinds of flavors for these products, instead of "meat"
       | flavor, not having to "live up to" the meat taste, and mouth
       | feel. We can live up to great flavors vegetables, fruits, and
       | herbs.
        
         | henrikschroder wrote:
         | > I think it pushes away those who are on the cusp of moving
         | towards plant-base foods.
         | 
         | I think you are completely wrong.
         | 
         | People eat meat because they like the taste and the texture,
         | but at the same time everyone knows that meat is produced by
         | killing animals, and that it's much less sustainable than
         | vegetarian food.
         | 
         | If you want to get people to switch to meat alternatives, you
         | have to keep everything that's great about meat (taste,
         | texture, proteins), while removing everything that's bad about
         | meat (slaughter, livestock industry).
         | 
         | And that is exactly what this new generation of plant-based
         | alternatives are focusing on, and given their popularity
         | compared to earlier attempts, I think they're on the right
         | track.
         | 
         | Quick question: Are you yourself a vegetarian or vegan?
        
           | Grustaf wrote:
           | Well you could also just promote delicious vegetarian dishes.
           | There are entire cultures that mostly eat vegetarian. Fake
           | meat is such a silly concept.
        
             | jayphen wrote:
             | Tofu and wheat gluten have been used for centuries as meat
             | analogues in many cultures (especially those that mostly
             | eat vegetarian). It's not a silly concept at all, and opens
             | up a world of delicious culinary options to those of us who
             | don't eat animal flesh.
        
               | Grustaf wrote:
               | Tofu is nothing like meat in neither taste nor texture,
               | and I'm pretty sure it has never been seen as a meat
               | substitute traditionally.
        
           | tashoecraft wrote:
           | Agreed. So many non vegetarian/vegan people say stuff like
           | this and it's just wrong. Or they'll say "why have a fake
           | burger, can't you just enjoy vegetarian food, why does it
           | have to be a burger? If you want burger just eat one and stop
           | trying to copy meat, innovate on your own".
           | 
           | It's just people completely missing the point. If you get
           | fake meat close enough in taste/texture/price you'll move a
           | large amount of product. The high high majority of meat
           | consumption is not high quality product, but the absolutely
           | lowest quality possible. It's so easy to swap out they meh
           | hamburger patty you have at a bbq with a plant based one, be
           | healthier, and have less impact on the environment.
        
             | drukenemo wrote:
             | Plant-based food aimed at replacing meat is often a too-
             | many ingredient, industrialised nightmare.
        
           | hunter-gatherer wrote:
           | > People eat meat because they like the taste and the
           | texture, but at the same time everyone knows that meat is
           | produced by killing animals, and that it's much less
           | sustainable than vegetarian food.
           | 
           | I think this is too generous. Maybe I'm reading it wrong, but
           | the implicit message here is that people actually care about
           | the animals and sustainability of meat farming.
           | 
           | My spouse is vegetarian and I'm whatever. I don't buy meat
           | but if it finds itself in front of me I'll eat it. I have had
           | the conversation of the horrors of meat production many times
           | at the dinner table with a spectrum of people, and nobody
           | changed their habits. Yes, this is anecdotal, and I'm willing
           | to read a source and change my opinion if there is some
           | evidence that people actually give a shit about the animals.
           | As far as I can tell, it is all just virtue signaling at
           | best.
           | 
           | I agree with OP. I think we would be better served in the
           | long run creating good consumables that have the caloric
           | density and amino acid profiles found in meats and encourage
           | people to eat those instead of trying to replicate something
           | we should be horrified about.
        
             | scottLobster wrote:
             | As an avid meat-eater (because nature almost by definition
             | is living things eating other living things and humans
             | evolved to be omnivorous for various nutritional reasons),
             | my answer to the animal cruelty argument is just to buy the
             | top-shelf, pasture-raised meats. It's better for my health
             | and much better for the animals. Obviously I have no
             | control over where restaurants source their food from, but
             | I try to preference those who claim ethical/sustainable
             | practices.
             | 
             | As for sustainability, the answer to that is to develop
             | systems that price in environmental externalities. The
             | issue isn't going to be solved through a meat boycott. Farm
             | raised fish is also quite sustainable.
             | 
             | I'm personally looking forward to economically viable lab-
             | grown meat. Once perfected it'll likely be the most
             | sustainable option with none of the nutritional deficits
             | and none of the ethical concerns. Plus we'll be able to
             | engineer meat with tastes that don't exist in nature,
             | endless variety!
        
             | fossuser wrote:
             | Sample size of one, but I eventually changed my habits
             | because I care about trying to reduce unnecessary
             | suffering.
             | 
             | For years I knew I was inconsistent - I thought it was
             | wrong to eat meat, but I did so anyway because I like
             | hamburgers and chicken (and was focusing will power on
             | other things). The pandemic gave me the opportunity to make
             | the change.
             | 
             | The impossible burger is perfect for me because it's close
             | enough to satisfy the fix. I hope more meat substitutes
             | trend in this direction (or even more so with lab grown
             | meat).
             | 
             | Most people believe crazy things and hold wildly
             | inconsistent views so it's not a surprise that people don't
             | change their behavior. Having a consistent views and
             | changing behavior is hard.
             | 
             | In the extreme cases (particularly with true unknowns)
             | perfect consistency isn't even necessarily desirable. That
             | said, trying to understand the world as it is and be
             | pragmatic is still good. In the animal case, I think trying
             | to reduce unnecessary suffering is a worthwhile goal.
             | 
             | Related: https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/08/14/beware-
             | isolated-demand...
        
             | rictic wrote:
             | One person's model:
             | 
             | People's tastes are largely driven by the foods they ate
             | when they were young, which with notable exceptions, will
             | prominently feature meat dishes. People on sites like this
             | are likely to underestimate this effect, we are likely to
             | be embedded in subcultures that are unusually high in
             | openness to experience.
             | 
             | All else being equal, many people prefer doing the more
             | ethical thing (or if you want to be cynical about it, the
             | thing that makes them feel more ethical). Many people
             | believe that plant based meat is more ethical.
             | 
             | Currently, all else isn't equal. Plant-based meat is more
             | expensive to the consumer, and most find it to be less
             | enjoyable to eat. Recent trends have been closing those
             | gaps, producing more enjoyable plant-based meats at high
             | but dropping prices.
             | 
             | As plant-based meat's quality/price ratio improves it will
             | be increasingly common, and will displace a large amount of
             | meat consumption that would be difficult to displace by
             | other vegetarian dishes.
        
         | slicktux wrote:
         | If it's a patty made with black beans then you will see
         | descriptions such as plant based patty but if it's a beyond
         | burger then you'll see descriptions like plant based meat; see
         | if they are trying to make it look like meat and taste like
         | meat then the description is applicable.
         | 
         | A common stigma with vegan or vegetarian diets is that of the
         | food not being as good or limited and having something that
         | compares to meat is a plus because it brings light to the
         | endless possibilities in food and texture that a vegan diet
         | without animal meat really has...
        
         | Shivetya wrote:
         | Going to figure if the EU track record with soy/almond and
         | other "milks" I would expect a challenge to force the issue
         | there. [0]. However as you note, would it be a bad thing if
         | they could not or would not reference it as meat?
         | 
         | I think the main reason for assigning the name to these plant
         | based substitutes is to give the public a better understand of
         | it uses and that its a valid substitute. To me, both meat and
         | milk are generic names and its just a matter of time before
         | expanding the definition becomes a non issue
         | 
         | [0]https://www.ecowatch.com/eu-vegan-dairy-law-2650162992.html
        
         | seanmcdirmid wrote:
         | From what I've read, plant-based meat isn't much healthier than
         | normal meat, it's benefits are primarily environmental and
         | ethical. True plant-based food should have a health benefit at
         | least, especially over meat.
        
         | gherkinnn wrote:
         | I agree.
         | 
         | As a meat eater, these recreations are a joke. They can just
         | about compete with chicken nuggets. I don't like nuggets. So
         | I've come to regard them as inedible. Same goes for vegan
         | "cheese". Bleurgh.
         | 
         | And the thing is, I love falafel. There's bound to be plenty
         | more plant-based patty things. Veggie dishes that don't pretend
         | to be something they're not are delicious. Give me baked
         | onions, baba ghanoush, and celery all day.
        
         | mellow-lake-day wrote:
         | The reason that I will be buying plant-based meat things is
         | because they smell, look, and taste like meat.
         | 
         | >We can live up to great flavors vegetables, fruits, and herbs.
         | 
         | But that's a whole thing altogether. That's like completely
         | missing the point. You aren't going to get meat eaters to
         | switch to plant-based meat patties if they taste like
         | vegetables or fruits.
        
         | hamax wrote:
         | Definition of meat by merriam-webster:
         | 
         | a: FOOD especially : solid food as distinguished from drink
         | 
         | b: the edible part of something as distinguished from its
         | covering (such as a husk or shell)
         | 
         | The same as with milk. Nobody had problems with coconut milk
         | until dairy lobby started fearing plant milk competition. And
         | when one buys oat yogurt they know exactly what they'll get and
         | what to compare it with. Or do you think fat free or lactose
         | free cow milk yogurt shouldn't be called as such, since it's
         | its own thing?
         | 
         | How we name things is important and naming things by their
         | appearance and function is completely fine and useful and has
         | been done since ever. Things like turkey ham or turkey bacon
         | aren't new inventions.
        
           | secondcoming wrote:
           | Upvote this comment if you've ever encountered a native
           | english speaker use the word 'meat' to be a synonym of 'solid
           | food'.
           | 
           | Option Base 1
           | 
           | I would like to see when Merriam Webster added this obscure
           | definition, let alone have it listed first.
        
             | Grustaf wrote:
             | You do use it in a more general sense in some contexts, but
             | I completely agree with your point.
        
             | hamax wrote:
             | Sigh...
             | 
             | This is THE original definition. Language later evolved and
             | people started using the word meat to mostly mean animal
             | flash. But that's just proof that language evolves over
             | time and now it's evolving again to include broader range
             | of food.
             | 
             | But in any case, I'm sure you've heard of meat of a fruit
             | or nut.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | Yes I have, but it's normally obvious from the context
               | that a fruit or nut is being referred to, usually by
               | qualifing the workd with either 'fruit' or 'nut', or the
               | person holding either.
               | 
               | If someone asked me to buy some meat and I returned with
               | a few apples I'd receive a Merriam-Webster dictionary to
               | the head!
        
           | Droobfest wrote:
           | So if I say 'We should all eat less meat' you immediately
           | understand this to also include eating less plant patties?
           | 
           | Or could this possibly be the wrong definition?
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | _I really think that in general calling plant-based things
         | "meat", a terrible idea._
         | 
         | The US meat industry is fighting that battle.[1] So far,
         | they're not winning. In the EU, dirt farmers have been able to
         | prevent the use of the term "organic" for hydroponic farms,
         | though.
         | 
         |  _We can live up to great flavors vegetables, fruits, and
         | herbs._
         | 
         | There's a bright future ahead for new classes of junk foods.
         | Plant-based bacon flavored chips, coming soon to a convenience
         | store near you.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.foodnavigator-
         | usa.com/Article/2021/02/03/Highly-...
        
         | curiousllama wrote:
         | The place you're right is in the "slab of meat" category: the
         | only thing that'll replace steak is lab-grown meat, and then
         | only partially. And I agree that, eg bean burgers do well to
         | market themselves as different. It's a legit point.
         | 
         | But this new fake meat stuff reduced my meat intake
         | significantly. It's is FANTASTIC for replacing low-quality meat
         | in a lot of cases. I have no need for ground beef/turkey/pork
         | if I have beyond meat ground "beef" in a lot of cases. It's a
         | straight substitute, and I wouldn't have thought about it that
         | way if it was posed more narrowly.
        
           | Tade0 wrote:
           | I remember trying a Beyond Burger for the first time.
           | 
           | Overall impression was that had some fastfood chains replaced
           | their patties with this, not only nobody would notice that
           | what they're eating isn't actually meat, but also they would
           | be happy with how the quality improved.
           | 
           | There's of course the question of price, but I'm sure with
           | adequate scale it can be brought down.
        
             | eloff wrote:
             | They're surprisingly good. If it wasn't more expensive than
             | meat I would have it more often.
             | 
             | I'm not going to pay more for lower quality protein (from a
             | body building perspective).
        
         | Thinkx220 wrote:
         | Literally the entire reason these products exist is to be a
         | replacement for meat. A replacement should be as good as the
         | thing it is replacing.
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | If it says plant-based meat, I am going to try it since it aims
         | to simulate a taste/texture I know I like. If it says
         | "vegetarian" I assume it will taste bad, because historically
         | that has been the case.
         | 
         | That's an anecdote, but I don't think I am an edge case, many
         | people have tried an Impossible Burger who had little to no
         | interest in trying a vegetarian burger.
        
         | jrochkind1 wrote:
         | I started trying to google for research on this, but didn't
         | find much.
         | 
         | But I'm pretty sure you're wrong -- I doubt that these
         | companies would be selling these premium meat-replacement
         | products with the word meat if they didn't have lots of market
         | research on it.
         | 
         | It tells you what you can use the things for -- the impossible
         | and beyond products can be used to replace ground beef in
         | pretty much any recipe, and will do the job. People can use it
         | immediately with the recipes and cooking techniques they are
         | familiar with, it makes the product comfortable and familiar
         | instead of a new thing that requires them to adjust their
         | palettes and learn new cooking techniques.
         | 
         | I think you're right that someone who has committed to a _meat-
         | free_ diet doesn 't want or need the label meat. (but they'll
         | buy the stuff anyway if they like it and can afford it, they
         | are kind of a captive market). But when you say "meat
         | consumption reduction" -- if every meat eater replaces say 20%
         | of their meat consumption with this stuff, it would be a
         | gigantic reduction in animals killed (for those who care about
         | that). Assuming there is less greenhouse gas and other
         | ecological damage from these meat replacements, a gigantic
         | reduction in that too.
         | 
         | I dont think you can lump together committed vegetarians with
         | ominivores who may replace a portion of their consumption with
         | these products. Perhaps an ever-increasing portion, perhaps
         | eventually they will become vegetarians. But calling the non-
         | animal-based stuff "meat" is squarely aimed at current
         | omnivores -- and it seems hard to argue that it won't work when
         | it is literally _working_ , as the OP outlines in talking about
         | market share and grocery space. Burger king is selling
         | impossible burgers because they can sell them _as burgers_ ;
         | and if they tried instead introducing some new product that
         | isn't meant to resemble a beef burger but is just some kind of
         | "vegetarian food", I guarantee it would sell less not more.
        
         | 867-5309 wrote:
         | not only this, but to turn plants into "meat" you end up with
         | horrible processed vegetables with added oils, sugars and
         | unnatural flavourings. most of which are then breadcrumbed in
         | bleached flour and deep fried. by this point, the thing that
         | might once have been a plant is now as bad as meat, if not
         | worse, and resembles a dog turd in taste and health benefits
        
           | Grustaf wrote:
           | Yeah I agree. There's delicious vegetarian dishes, with low
           | processed ingredients. Why bother with ultra processed fake
           | meat?
        
             | tjr225 wrote:
             | Its pretty intuitive, actually: people like burgers- even
             | vegetarians or those trying to reduce their meat
             | consumption.
        
           | azifali wrote:
           | Completely agree. Why can't we all just eat regular, and not
           | so highly processed vegetables if we want to make the switch
           | to healthier diet..
        
         | k__ wrote:
         | Why shouldn't they compare it to meat?
         | 
         | If I am asked to replace meat with plants, these plants have to
         | compete with meat.
        
           | Already__Taken wrote:
           | I've had a few of kinds of these burgers and honestly they're
           | really nailing it with meat as a description.
        
             | k__ wrote:
             | Yes, I had a bunch of these new groundmeat replacements
             | from different companies, and they were quite good.
        
             | redisman wrote:
             | Impossible is great in burgers, pretty much can't tell a
             | difference. Beyond I don't like as much, something about it
             | being a bit soft and veggie tasting
        
             | drivingmenuts wrote:
             | Except for lying about it being meat. That definition
             | should be reserved for animal-based protein.
        
               | n4r9 wrote:
               | Do you think people are fooled into thinking that it's
               | animal protein?
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | I don't get this at all. Why? So long as it's labeled
               | appropriately (ingredients, possibly some disclaimer if
               | required but I think that would be absurd) why not call
               | it whatever we want? Meat is already a somewhat ambiguous
               | term in English, so giving it legal protection seems odd
               | to me.
               | 
               | Personally I think we shouldn't sell juice that's from
               | concentrate as 100% juice, but I can easily find out by
               | reading the ingredients so I don't care. And for those
               | who don't already specifically buy juice that isn't from
               | concentrate, enjoy discovering that almost all juice is
               | from concentrate (and hopefully realize how much better
               | it tastes when it's not). It's like ice cream that's been
               | melted and refrozen. It may have the same ingredients but
               | it doesn't have the same taste.
        
               | hamax wrote:
               | Why do you want to change the definition of the word
               | meat?
        
       | thordenmark wrote:
       | Ultimately these plant-based alternatives will be enhanced or
       | replaced with insects, once people have been largely weaned off
       | of meat. Most people won't notice or care. We aren't squeamish
       | about blue food dye after all, we're just used to it.
        
         | uhhhhhhhhhhhhhh wrote:
         | Yeah give me the 80/20 ground chuck (80% insect-derived
         | protein, 20% exoskeleton). Make sure the roaches were free-
         | range, naturally sewer fed. I would like to see comfortable
         | lives and painless deaths for all our slaughtered animals. But
         | is killing insects more humane than chickens etc? Do we really
         | beleive that if BigPoultryCo determined it could make a profit
         | raising and killing insects it would do so in a manner somehow
         | more in tune with our sentimentalities?
        
       | OneGuy123 wrote:
       | > In Europe, the UK's largest retailer, Tesco, launched more than
       | 30 new own-brand plant-based products, as its CEO wrote that the
       | UK should eat "less meat and dairy."
       | 
       | "its CEO wrote that the UK should eat "less meat and dairy."
       | 
       | I wonder when incentive he could have for writting such a thing.
       | Surely it cannot be a financial one?
        
       | ebiester wrote:
       | I disagree with some of the premises.
       | 
       | First, I think that the right choice is to pick the right protein
       | for the job, and not choose wheat and soy because of price. Mung
       | beans, for example, are expensive because people aren't growing
       | them. If quantity demanded grows, so will supply and supply
       | chains, which will lower the price. It is possible that mung
       | beans (as an example) are marginally more expensive to grow for
       | some reason other than scale, but I would be surprised.
       | 
       | Second, I think they are getting cause and effect mixed up. They
       | are saying to go downmarket because it will be cheaper, but it is
       | much harder to beat Tyson at its own game with chicken nuggets
       | than it is to provide a product at a higher perceived quality,
       | then use profits to provide scale to go downmarket.
       | 
       | Plant-based versions already suffer from a perception of lower
       | quality - it makes sense to compete on taste before cost because
       | failing at both will never scale.
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | The thing that I found incredibly strange about this analysis
         | is that it is saying how older plant-based products from
         | Morningstar and Gardein show it can be done cheaper.
         | 
         | What??? I don't even consider those older veggie products in
         | the same category as Impossible and Beyond, mainly because I
         | think they taste like shit. Well, not shit exactly, but for me
         | an Impossible Burger can completely satiate my hunger for meat.
         | Morningstar-type burgers do absolutely none of that for me.
        
           | redisman wrote:
           | Morningstar is pretty good with their sausage patties and hot
           | dogs. Some of the best in those categories.
           | 
           | The gap between the 1.0 veggie meats and the current ones (
           | especially impossible) is insane though. Juiciness and flavor
           | are completely on a different level. I love that it doesn't
           | feel like eating a fake burger to somewhat satisfy my craving
           | anymore, but like I ate a burger.
        
           | nicpottier wrote:
           | 100 percent agree. I'm almost entirely vegetarian but would
           | occasionally allow myself a burger as a treat as it is one of
           | my favorite meals when I have a real hankering. A Beyond or
           | Impossible patty now completely satisfied that craving. They
           | really have done a great job of it. Note I am not saying they
           | are indistinguishable from real beef, but they are meaty
           | enough in a way that scratches the itch which previous
           | products never did.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | > They are saying to go downmarket because it will be cheaper
         | 
         | Ah, yes, the Tesla strategy. Tesla also keeps issuing more
         | shares and has failed to deliver a $20k-$30k Civic/Accord
         | competitor.
        
           | nicoburns wrote:
           | Tesla has also proved the market and accelerated the EV
           | roadmaps of most of the other car manufactures.
        
             | dehrmann wrote:
             | True, it's done great things for EVs. It has yet to turn
             | that into a business that's more than nominally profitable,
             | so you should be cautious in using its playbook.
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | > [Tesla] has yet to turn that into a business that's
               | more than nominally profitable, so you should be cautious
               | in using its playbook.
               | 
               | And all their profits come from selling carbon credits to
               | competitors, not from selling cars. Not to mention non-
               | refundable presales for FSD functionality.
               | 
               | That's not to say Tesla shouldn't be doing those things.
               | They are trying to run a company after all. But it's
               | important to remember that when judging them on the
               | viability of their business and how profitable it is. One
               | of my favorite automobile companies, Porsche, has a very
               | long complicated history with more than one moment of
               | nearly going bankrupt, and their greatest savior was the
               | VW squeeze so I'm not necessarily opposed to this sort of
               | thing.
        
               | thordenmark wrote:
               | >And all their profits come from selling carbon credits
               | to competitors,
               | 
               | This is merely a current strategy so more can be funneled
               | into R&D, and growing the infrastructure.
        
         | jcampbell1 wrote:
         | The protein yield per acre for soybeans vs mung beans is 6x. No
         | amount of try hard is going to make mung bean protein close in
         | price to soy.
         | 
         | What gets me is that I can't even source tofu that is cheaper
         | than chicken. Chickens are very good reactors for turning
         | carbohydrates into protein.
        
           | slacka wrote:
           | > Chickens are very good reactors for turning carbohydrates
           | into protein.
           | 
           | The remnant wiring from my chemistry and biology classes
           | tells me this is impossible. Did a little digging and no
           | animal seems capable of this feat.[1] Chickens are fed a mix
           | of cheap grains, like wheat and corn that are ~16%
           | protein.[2] What they are is efficient at turning this
           | protein into body mass/eggs.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.quora.com/Is-there-an-organism-that-can-
           | convert-...
           | 
           | [2] my backyard chickens
        
             | bsdz wrote:
             | In the UK a popular plant based "meat" is Quorn. I believe
             | that is grown by an organism that is fed glucose. The
             | glucose is predigested maize starch. So perhaps not a
             | single organism but two to make it.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusarium_venenatum
        
           | scythe wrote:
           | >The protein yield per acre for soybeans vs mung beans is 6x.
           | 
           | While this is probably not too unfair for mung vs. soy, it's
           | important to remember that yield per acre can't always be
           | compared directly across crops that grow in different
           | climates. Tropical climates can average well over 50" of rain
           | per year while cold climates are wet if they hit 25", and the
           | conservation of mass already affects cold-climate growth
           | before taking into account any other factors.
           | 
           | Hence chickens, which can live almost _anywhere_.
        
             | jcampbell1 wrote:
             | The optimal crop certainly depends on weather. In northern
             | Brazil they double crop corn for insane yields of 22M
             | calories per acre. In Wisconsin they grow wheat for 4m
             | calories per acre. Farmers in the Midwest split between
             | soybean (oil/protein 6m calories per acre) and corn (carbs
             | 11m calories per acre).
             | 
             | Optimizing yield per acre, adjusting for the value of
             | oil/protein/carbs and weather is the best explanation for
             | the current state of what gets planted.
             | 
             | If you have a desert with access to cheap labor, water, and
             | transportation, then the best thing to do is sell organic
             | strawberries to rich people. Rich people don't like spots
             | on their fruit.
             | 
             | I am a believer that the invisible hand is what drives farm
             | decisions. As soon as someone invents a robot that can pick
             | blueberries and deliver them to a store, I'll never eat
             | another banana.
        
           | dsomers wrote:
           | Is that because soy has been engineered that way and mung
           | beans have not? I pose the question because I remember my
           | grand uncle who has been a soy farmer his whole life telling
           | me that when they switched to Monsanto seeds they got some
           | huge multiple of crop yield, 3x? 4x? I can't remember the
           | exact multiple I just remember it seeming like a lot.
        
             | jcampbell1 wrote:
             | Generally when people refer to Monsanto seeds, they mean
             | Roundup ready soy. The glyphosate resistant gene actually
             | reduces yield by 5%. The upside is you either have huge
             | labor savings from not having to deal with weeds manually,
             | or you get yield increases compared to co-cropping with
             | weeds.
        
       | hannob wrote:
       | Interestingly it doesn't even discuss the obvious solution: Let
       | people who buy real meat pay for the externalities.
       | (Interestingly even in places where there's some form of carbon
       | pricing - like the EU - this often doesn't cover a large share of
       | emissions from meat production, as methane emissions are very
       | relevant here - I'm not aware of any methane pricing scheme
       | anywhere.)
        
         | jrochkind1 wrote:
         | True, but I think it was focusing on things under the control
         | of the producers of this product... of course, I suppose
         | spending more on lobbying to try to reduce subsidies or tax
         | externalities for meat is under their control. It seems like a
         | kind of unwinnable battle though doesn't it?
         | 
         | The OP does touch on the subsidies by suggesting the producers
         | rely more on soy and corn, which are heavily subsidized, _and_
         | as are used as animal feed and thereby constitute a pretty
         | major source of the meat subsidy. While not about
         | externalities, I think they could have pointed out the
         | _reasons_ corn and soy are so cheap compared to other plant
         | sources are in large part a result of government policy.
        
         | adrianmonk wrote:
         | This is a thing where some solutions are within the control of
         | some people and some other solutions are within the control of
         | other people.
        
         | thysultan wrote:
         | People will just blame their governments for higher food prices
         | and vote them out in the next election if they can: replaced by
         | whoever promises to reverse it.
        
         | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
         | >> Interestingly it doesn't even discuss the obvious solution:
         | Let people who buy real meat pay for the externalities.
         | 
         | Are we going to have people paying for the "externalities" of
         | all the products they consume?
         | 
         | For example, the people who buy a new phone every year or half
         | (this habit causes a significant amount of pollution, so-called
         | "e-waste"). The people who drive their car everywhere. The
         | people who fly a few times a year. The people who use computers
         | (more e-waste). The people who wear clothes made of synthetic
         | fibers and use plastic-based implements. The people who burn
         | wood, coal or oil for central heating. The people who use
         | electricity (the major producer of greenhouse gas emissions is
         | power production). The people who read books printed in paper
         | produced by felled trees. The people who consume plant-based
         | products whose production is responsible for deforestation,
         | soil depletion, acidification of soil, etc etc. The people who
         | eat fish. The people who eat soy (major contributor to the
         | destruction of the Amazon rainforest). etc etc.
         | 
         | Are we only going to make meat eaters pay for their
         | "externalities"?
        
           | tonyarkles wrote:
           | I'm on my phone at the moment and can't break down that list
           | line-by-line, but in Canada you already do pay surcharges for
           | many (not all) of those things. E-waste is nominally priced
           | at the cost of recycling for various device types;
           | electricity, natural gas, and gasoline, and aviation all have
           | a (not insignificant!) carbon tax associated with them.
        
             | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
             | Good news, but that's in Canada. Where else?
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | Most of the EU. It's only the US and Australia that are
               | so backward in environmental issues among western
               | democracies.
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | Ideally, yes, for sure.
           | 
           | One way or another, it's the only way we get a society that
           | can live on the planet indefinitely without making it less
           | and less fit for human habitation.
           | 
           | How you do that is not necessarily trivial, but we should
           | start doing what we can figure out how to do now, yes. You
           | don't have to do it for _everything_ for it to be valuable to
           | do it for what we can figure out how to do it for.
           | 
           | For meat, simply _ending subsidies_ would be a good start.
           | 
           | Cell phones and other electronics as you point out are
           | another obvious target, yes. Some have proposed that the cost
           | of disposal/recycling should be built into the purchase price
           | -- one practical way to do that, is require manufacturers to
           | take back the products at end of life for recycling or
           | disposal at no charge (and ban them from municipal waste
           | stream).
        
           | albertgoeswoof wrote:
           | Well someone is paying for all those externalities. At least
           | let's try and make it the person who benefits from it. Why
           | not start from meat and go from there.
        
           | Grustaf wrote:
           | Of course people should pay the true cost of what they buy or
           | use. I can't see how anyone could argue against that on moral
           | grounds. You might disagree for financial reasons, but hardly
           | out of principle.
        
           | tyrust wrote:
           | Those are all good ideas. I don't think they need to be
           | implemented together and simultaneously.
        
           | roughly wrote:
           | > Are we going to have people paying for the "externalities"
           | of all the products they consume?
           | 
           | Well, yes, we should. Considering that notion is baked into
           | every part of the economic models we're using to determine
           | how we're structuring the rest of the economy, absolutely,
           | the bare minimum we could do is make people actually pay for
           | the damage they're causing. I'd go so far as to say a
           | substantial part of the reason we seem unable to reasonably
           | address things like pollution, climate change, and
           | biodiversity is because people aren't paying the full cost of
           | their actions.
        
         | wyre wrote:
         | As much as I would love to see subsidies ended on animal
         | products, it couldn't happen overnight without huge backlash.
         | 
         | Lowering the subsidies over time and eliminating the power that
         | the animal agriculture industry has over politics would do a
         | lot to increase the number of plant-based eaters.
        
           | hannob wrote:
           | Depends on how you do it.
           | 
           | There are proposals for carbon tax schemes that go like
           | "we'll pay back all the income from the carbon tax to all
           | citizen directly". You can imagine the same for methane.
           | Pretty sure such a proposal would be popular.
        
             | wyre wrote:
             | A carbon-tax funded UBI would be popular, but ideally
             | wouldn't funding from a carbon tax go towards sequestering
             | the carbon and other green initiatives instead of giving it
             | back to consumers to spend on high-carbon goods and
             | services?
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | It's essentially what we do today. High tax payers
               | consume more and their tax revenues subsidize things like
               | Ag which make things like meat affordable to poor people.
               | 
               | So yeah, get rid of subsidies and replace with UBI and
               | we're probably in nearly the same place. Maybe a good
               | deal of people would forego newly expensive meat and
               | spend their UBI on the lotto?
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | Why the snipe at the end? Perhaps they would buy plant
               | based food instead. What you're describing sounds like a
               | wi for everyone.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | You get rid of subsidies and then poor people can't eat meat.
           | Good luck dealing with the political fallout from that.
           | Subsidized meat is a special kind of a American socialism
           | where the wealthy tax payers fund the subsidies so everyone
           | else can eat meat.
           | 
           | Honestly, so many of the ideas for addressing climate just
           | prevent poor people from participating. The upper middle
           | class who are most concerned with these issues (and have the
           | most political power) simply wouldn't be affected much at all
           | by things that make access more difficult and/or expensive.
           | 
           | Rationing in the name of "equity" won't happen because these
           | same people will actually be affected so the line is drawn
           | there. We need more housing development but not in my
           | backyard, etc.
           | 
           | I don't offer a particular solution other than giving people
           | incentives to eat plant based diets and using tax revenues to
           | invest in engineering the problem away as much as possible.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > You get rid of subsidies and then poor people can't eat
             | meat
             | 
             | So stop subsidizing _meat_ and spend the same money
             | augmenting _the income of the poor_ , then poor people will
             | be at least as able to eat meat and be at least as well off
             | when doing so as they were with the meat sibaidies, while
             | those who choose not to will be even better off than they
             | were with meat subsidies.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Why would people that pay taxes prefer that model? So, I
               | pay the same taxes and then I also get to spend a lot
               | more on food for my family?
               | 
               | Good luck getting support for that.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Why would people that pay taxes prefer that model?
               | 
               | Because they actually want to control (or, at least not
               | encourage through subsidization) the externalities of
               | meat consumption?
               | 
               | What economic group so you think that concern comes from?
               | 
               | > Good luck getting support for that.
               | 
               | If it wasn't possible to get something that didn't serve
               | the immediate narrow financial interests of the
               | wealthiest, the developed, democratic world would never
               | have abandoned laissez-faire capitalism for the modern
               | mixed economy.
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | > So, I pay the same taxes and then I also get to spend a
               | lot more on food for my family?
               | 
               | Well, no, not necessarily. You pay taxes right now to
               | subsidize meat consumption across the board, to everyone,
               | even rich people.
               | 
               | Under a system like UBI, you pay the same taxes, your
               | food costs more, but you also get a check in the mail
               | that balances out the extra food cost.
               | 
               | Or under a targeted system that is designed to
               | specifically benefit the poor, you pay more for food but
               | fewer taxes, because you're only paying taxes to
               | subsidize the poor instead of (currently) also paying
               | additional taxes to subsidize the meat consumption of
               | rich people.
               | 
               | It's a mistake to say that your food costs less right now
               | because you pay taxes. It costs the same, you're just
               | paying part of the price in your taxes. And part of the
               | 'problem' is that the money you're paying to the
               | government is going towards subsidizing everyone,
               | including people who are more well off than you but that
               | get to enjoy cheap meat prices anyway. That's not
               | necessarily a very efficient way to help the poor.
               | 
               | There are lots of different schemes and complications
               | here, it's not as simple as I'm making it out to be. But
               | the very basic idea is that it would cost less money to
               | subsidize just the poor, and then you could keep some of
               | your tax money that's currently subsidizing rich people
               | and you could spend it on meat instead.
        
         | danShumway wrote:
         | Even if we ignore externalities and pollution costs, just stop
         | outright subsidizing animal meat production so much. The reason
         | meat is so cheap is because our government puts a lot of effort
         | and money into making it cheap.
         | 
         | I don't know why more people aren't trying to sell this to the
         | "free market" crowd as government overreach. The reality right
         | now is that plant-based protein is gaining popularity despite
         | the market being artificially biased against it in terms of
         | price. Animal meat _should_ cost more than it does, not just in
         | the sense of  "you're not paying for the true environmental
         | cost", but also in the sense of, "you're not paying the actual
         | monetary cost it takes to produce this product."
         | 
         | The US government throws billions of dollars into subsidizing
         | meat and dairy production every year. Plant-based protein's
         | growth is restricted in part because our food prices and
         | production aren't determined just by the free market. That's
         | not necessarily _bad_ , but if we're going to be messing with
         | the market anyway we could choose to subsidize other things.
         | 
         | And we could obviously do more than just lowering subsidies,
         | I'm not saying we should ignore externalities or that we should
         | just completely abandon all subsidies entirely. But I am saying
         | we shouldn't pretend that meat actually costs what we see in
         | the store. Meat is cheap because (for various reasons) as a
         | society we've all collectively decided to spend tax money so
         | that we can pretend that it costs very little to produce.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | Have you considered why we do this? How would our society be
           | different if only well-to-do people could eat meat regularly?
           | Would a regular guy be content with wealthy people eating
           | steaks while jet-setting around the globe because of climate
           | change?
           | 
           | I think a populist uprising would occur almost immediately
           | and we'd see heads on pikes with their decapitated mouths
           | stuffed with cabbage for all to see. It would be super easy
           | for a party to take advantage of this and they would.
           | 
           | In short, it would be a miserable time.
        
             | danShumway wrote:
             | > That's not necessarily bad, but if we're going to be
             | messing with the market anyway we could choose to subsidize
             | other things.
             | 
             | I'm saying we shouldn't pretend that meat is as cheap as it
             | is on its own. We should acknowledge what the reality is:
             | meat is cheap because as a society, we choose to use tax
             | dollars to make it cheap.
             | 
             | We could do the exact same thing with plant-based meat. We
             | could shift some of those subsidies so that meat and plant
             | protein were equally subsidized. We could balance them out.
             | We can talk about the logistics.
             | 
             | But I think sometimes the conversation gets stuck entirely
             | on "how could we make artificial meat cheaper" when the
             | reality is that animal meat _is_ expensive, and the big
             | difference between animal meat and plant meat is that we
             | pretend that animal meat costs less than a free market
             | would otherwise dictate. Of course I want to artificial
             | meat to be cheaper, but I 'm also not going to pretend that
             | it's a fair fight.
             | 
             | The reason why this matters is because I do see arguments
             | from people that say that it's just too expensive to have a
             | social shift towards vegetarianism, and it can't possibly
             | scale, and it's government interference to try and prop up
             | plant-based foods. And yeah, we can have a values
             | conversation about whether society wants us to make meat
             | cheap. But most of the rest of those objections are crap.
             | There are a lot of people that do think that meat is
             | actually priced realistically based on what it costs to
             | produce. They don't realize that it's just that our
             | government chooses to make very specific farming outputs
             | cheaper.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | I just think it's politically a non-starter. They tried
               | to tax sugary drinks in the most liberal city in America
               | and heads exploded.
        
             | zionic wrote:
             | The rich: steak is only for us now, for the climate and
             | stuff
             | 
             | The poor: _Time to eat the rich_
        
             | markdown wrote:
             | This is nonsense. People elsewhere in the world pay 50% to
             | 100% more than what Americans pay for beef.
             | 
             | Removing some subsidies and making beef slightly more
             | expensive would save money and people would just eat beef
             | one day less/week.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | bigfudge wrote:
             | If meat is the trigger to generate real social change then
             | great! I don't want to see heads on spikes, but if people
             | are genuinely bought off by cheap meat that's kind of sad.
        
           | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
           | Do you have any links to sources or further reading material
           | regarding this current state of affairs? It seems not
           | entirely obvious, nor easily checked for a casual reader.
           | (Maybe that's part of the issue of why this is not a more
           | popular topic yet.)
        
             | rlaabs wrote:
             | I would highly recommend 'The Meat Racket: The Secret
             | Takeover of America's Food Business'
             | 
             | https://smile.amazon.com/Meat-Racket-Takeover-Americas-
             | Busin...
        
             | fsflover wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meat_price
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meat_subsidy
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | You know, I wonder if a meat-based production system is a hedge
         | against catastrophic/extinction events.
         | 
         | For example, let's say we have another potato-famine style
         | event. Even a bio-engineered attack that takes out a crop or
         | crops.
         | 
         | We could scale back meat production and use the crop capacity
         | we use to support the "meat pyramid" to feed people directly
         | until the crisis has passed.
         | 
         | Subsidizing crop capacity might make strategic sense. Sort of
         | like how the just-in-time production pipeline ran into a wall
         | with respect to mask shortages at the start of the pandemic.
        
           | Gustomaximus wrote:
           | Government encouraging overproduction of food makes absolute
           | sense. It's this or to store backup because to run food
           | production at an efficient "only as much as I needed" models
           | a disaster waiting to happen.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_famines
        
           | downrightmike wrote:
           | Yeah, I think that is what the Danes did in WW2, and why they
           | had more people survive the lean times when the Nazis took
           | their food.
        
         | Grustaf wrote:
         | Would that really make a huge difference though? I'm all for
         | people paying for their externalities but I wonder how
         | significant it would be, are there any calculations?
        
         | Falling3 wrote:
         | Paying for the externalities and eliminating subsidies would go
         | a long way.
        
         | scythe wrote:
         | >Interestingly even in places where there's some form of carbon
         | pricing - like the EU - this often doesn't cover a large share
         | of emissions from meat production, as methane emissions are
         | very relevant here - I'm not aware of any methane pricing
         | scheme anywhere.
         | 
         | The problem is that most of the cows in the world live in
         | India, Africa and South America, regions which have relatively
         | low carbon intensity per capita. In the developed world,
         | agriculture accounts for on average ~10% of carbon emissions,
         | half of which is from cows. Targeting methane makes a small
         | difference in rich countries and on a global scale places an
         | unfair burden on the poorest countries, and politically,
         | severely hurts the perception of climate protection advocacy
         | among farmers, who are no doubt smart enough to know that
         | fossil fuels are responsible for eight times as much greenhouse
         | emissions as they are, and who are generally an _extremely_
         | sympathetic constituency, cf. recent Indian protests.
         | 
         | In rich countries, transportation and thermal processes based
         | on fuel burning account for the lion's share of greenhouse gas
         | pollution and rightly deserve the spotlight. The outlier is
         | China, which is rapidly expanding meat production along with
         | its transition to a more industrialized economy. Purveyors of
         | meat substitutes might consider taking the Chinese market more
         | seriously, since they have an opportunity to get in on the
         | ground floor.
        
         | eznzt wrote:
         | I was going to say "that won't go well with the voters" but
         | it's not like the EU is a democracy.
        
           | AlecSchueler wrote:
           | The EU is a democracy.
        
             | eznzt wrote:
             | Like the average EU citizen, I don't remember ever voting
             | for anybody who represents me in the EU and I don't know
             | any of the structures of power of the EU or how they work.
        
               | gus_massa wrote:
               | The last election was in 2019 https://en.wikipedia.org/wi
               | ki/2019_European_Parliament_elect...
        
               | goatinaboat wrote:
               | To the figurehead, talking shop parliament. Effectively
               | all the power in the EU belongs to the commission, which
               | is appointed not elected.
        
               | cataphract wrote:
               | In most European countries, people don't elect the
               | national government directly as well; it's formed taking
               | into account parliament elections. It is true that in the
               | EU the appointment of the commission is a bit more
               | removed, with the national governments involved in the
               | choice of the President and the commissioners, but in any
               | case the European Parliament must still approve the
               | commission.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | And who appointed them?
               | 
               | All political systems have delegation.
        
               | kreeben wrote:
               | Everything you need to know about the European Commission
               | and more:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commission
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | EU Comissioners are proposed by the Council of the
               | European Union, a body composed of EU member state
               | ministers, themselves directly elected by the citizens of
               | their respective states in national elections.
               | Appointment of Comissioners follows the suggestions of
               | national governments.
        
               | jrimbault wrote:
               | I learned the political structure of the European Union
               | in school, several times, once in middle school, once in
               | high shool, with many repetitions in between. If you
               | haven't learned you might either be older than me (I'm
               | near thirty) or the education system in your country has
               | worse issues than mine, or just not interested in
               | Wikipedia ?
        
               | eznzt wrote:
               | Interesting. I see you are French--that makes sense,
               | since it's only France and Germany ruling the EU.
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | This is an absurd big lie which is so often repeated.
               | Germany has great influence because it pays so much for
               | the EU but all member states have the veto...
        
               | n4r9 wrote:
               | Turnout in Spain for the 2019 election was pretty high at
               | 60%, compared to average of 50%. Counter to your
               | (somewhat xenophobic) remarks about France and Germany,
               | the most engaged countries by this measure are Belgium,
               | Luxembourg, Malta and Denmark.
        
         | orange_tee wrote:
         | Malnutrition is also an externality.
         | 
         | I am not sure how healthy these options are but I suspect that
         | substituting minced meat patties, for mashed vegetables glued
         | together with cheap vegetable oils is not an nutritional
         | improvement.
        
           | aaronblohowiak wrote:
           | There are plenty of very healthy meat-avoiding people in the
           | world. Malnutrition is also a problem in the world.
           | Malnutrition from people eating fake meat? So far, not a
           | problem.
        
             | orange_tee wrote:
             | The question is how feasible it is? Is it a trivial change
             | in lifestyle? Is it more expensive or cheaper? Can you make
             | it work with the basic fare that you find everywhere, or do
             | you need to shop around for plant products that are more
             | exotic?
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | > The question is how feasible it is?
               | 
               | In my experience (omnivore -> vegetarian -> vegan), going
               | vegetarian is not too difficult. Going something like
               | pescatarian, or even just eliminating red meat -- that's
               | downright easy. I am not a particularly great cook, but
               | my grocery bill dropped noticeably when I went vegetarian
               | because I was buying more vegetables for the first time
               | in my life. Even when eating out I had to make very few
               | adjustments. Most restaurants around me have great
               | vegetarian menus. I feel like it's not a particularly
               | difficult transition to make.
               | 
               | On the other hand, going vegan was harder. Part of this
               | is how good you are at cooking. Part of it is that you
               | have to research a bit more. I take supplements (D3, K2,
               | B12) as a vegan. I never worried for a second about my
               | nutritional input when I went vegetarian. And again, if
               | you're going pescetarian and still eating a fair bit of
               | cheese/eggs, I just really doubt nutrition is a concern
               | for most people. But after going vegan, suddenly I had to
               | actually think about some of these nutritional questions
               | that I was able to ignore before because I just ate a lot
               | of eggs and cheese.
               | 
               | You _can_ make veganism a lot cheaper (and plenty of
               | people do), but I 'm lazy and bad at cooking, so I buy
               | more specialty vegan products, which are expensive. I put
               | up with it, it's fine, it's doable, but being vegan is
               | annoying sometimes, and it requires more work.
               | 
               | Again, it's doable. It's fine, lots of people make it
               | work, I make it work. You can be vegan and healthy. But
               | in terms of effort/work to be healthy and to keep costs
               | down, I think that veganism and vegetarianism are in
               | separate categories.
               | 
               | But importantly, you don't need to go vegan to see
               | improvements here. If you're talking about "meat-
               | avoiding" in general, just getting rid of red meat from
               | your diet will have a positive environmental impact, and
               | will _probably_ be both healthier and cheaper as long as
               | you put at least a tiny bit of effort into not just
               | eating only Impossible burgers and mac &cheese. You can
               | already in many places get raw tofu significantly cheaper
               | than red meat, and after that it's really just learning
               | how to make stir fries and figuring out 'new' foods like
               | mushrooms and beans.
               | 
               | Part of the benefits here are that in general, most
               | people who aren't following a specific diet probably
               | shouldn't eat as much meat as they do anyway. So if the
               | end result is that you eat one serving of plant-based
               | meat alongside some eggs/veggies/beans, instead of three
               | servings of steak, that's very likely to be both
               | healthier and cheaper.
        
               | maximente wrote:
               | you wrote:
               | 
               | > Malnutrition is also an externality.
               | 
               | a poster addressed that, and now you have 4 more
               | questions, none related to nutrition - and, hilariously,
               | prefaced by the common but ridiculous "the question is"
               | (implying there's one) rhetorical device.
               | 
               | this style of dialog is really tiring.
        
               | orange_tee wrote:
               | All the questions are related. I am aware that some
               | people can make it work, but if you remove cheap meat,
               | who do you affect? Poor people. My question is, can poor
               | people also eat a plant based diet with minimal
               | malnutrition risk? All the questions are in reference to
               | that.
               | 
               | All I see about plant based diets say the same shit
               | without answering the though questions. They always say,
               | "it's possible to be a health vegan if you watch your
               | nutrition". Well that says precisely nothing. It is a
               | carefully crafted message to not upset militant vegans.
               | 
               | The impression I get from that message is that it is far
               | easier to be healthy if you don't avoid meat. You don't
               | have to watch your nutrition much. You just have to use
               | common sense.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | It's very easy to eat healthily and cheaply on a
               | vegetarian or vegan diet. In the UK I used Quorn or
               | lentils as a major protein in a lot of my cooking, now
               | I'm in Berlin I'm alternating between soy chunks, seitan
               | (both of which I have to flavour myself), lentils, tofu,
               | four types of preprepared tinned beans, soy milk, and
               | cheese.
               | 
               | Most of these options have cheap subtypes. The most
               | expensive part of my cooking is the fancy stuff that
               | isn't strictly necessary, like fresh basil or pre-made
               | pastry, and even those are not hugely expensive.
               | 
               | > The impression I get from that message is that it is
               | far easier to be healthy if you don't avoid meat. You
               | don't have to watch your nutrition much.
               | 
               | The obesity crisis in the developed world, combined with
               | the low rate of no-meat diets, rather contradicts that.
               | 
               | > You just have to use common sense.
               | 
               | How do you define "common sense" such that this sentence
               | _differentiates_ between the effectiveness of meat and
               | non-meat diets?
        
               | cung wrote:
               | It doesn't get much cheaper and healthier than beans and
               | soy.
               | 
               | I've never felt this good before and the secret seems to
               | be fiber in everything, even the protein.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | wyre wrote:
               | I've been vegan for 5 years. I was raised vegetarian, but
               | I also cooked a chicken the night before I went vegan. It
               | is feasible and as time goes on it gets easier and
               | easier.
               | 
               | Only recently have I started spending more than $200 a
               | month on groceries and that's because I've started
               | weightlifting. I can get by on much less.
               | 
               | Is any change in lifestyle trivial?
               | 
               | I'm able to go to my local grocery store for everything I
               | need. I go to my local Asian market because I like the
               | noodles and spices though, but that isn't necessary at
               | all.
               | 
               | Food deserts exist but that is a bigger problem with
               | general accessibility to food, and is not a good argument
               | to a plant-based diet, imo.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > There are plenty of very healthy meat-avoiding people in
             | the world
             | 
             | Yes, but they don't tend to eat much in the way of highly-
             | processed meat simulants crafted from plants.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Because they're new and expensive? And surely that means
               | "sample size small so consequence unstudied" rather than
               | "this stuff is bad to eat"?
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Sure, what I'm saying that it also doesn't mean "the
               | existence of health vegetarians is testament to the
               | healthiness of veggie-'meat'."
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | But cheap meat isn't that healthy to start with, so we
               | have quite a low bar to pass.
        
             | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
             | >> Malnutrition from people eating fake meat? So far, not a
             | problem.
             | 
             | Because there aren't that many. For people eating a
             | vegetarian or vegan diet, keeping well-fed is a real
             | concern and not everyone is pulling it off. For example,
             | the following article is about infant nutrition but some of
             | its comments apply to adults:
             | 
             |  _Vegetarian diets in childhood and adolescence : Position
             | paper of the nutrition committee, German Society for
             | Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (DGKJ)_
             | 
             |  _In Western countries, vegetarian diets are associated
             | with lower intakes of energy, saturated fatty acids and
             | animal protein and higher intakes of fibre and
             | phytochemicals, compared to omnivorous diets. Whether the
             | corresponding health benefits in vegetarians outweigh the
             | risks of nutrient deficiencies has not been fully
             | clarified. It should be noted that vegetarians often have a
             | higher socioeconomic status, follow a more health-conscious
             | lifestyle with higher physical activity, and refrain from
             | smoking more often than non-vegetarians. The nutritional
             | needs of growing children and adolescents can generally be
             | met through a balanced, vegetable-based diet; however, due
             | to their higher nutrient requirements per kilogramme of
             | body weight, vegetarian children have a higher risk for
             | developing nutrient deficiencies than adults. With a
             | vegetarian diet, the mean intakes of some nutrients, such
             | as the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are
             | lower than in omnivores or those eating fish. For other
             | nutrients, such as iron and zinc, the bioavailability from
             | vegetable foodstuffs is reduced when the intake of phytates
             | and fibre is high; thus, the prevalence of iron deficiency
             | can be increased despite high vitamin C intake. In
             | addition, vitamin B12 is only found in animal-source foods.
             | Vitamin B12 should be supplemented in people of all age
             | groups who follow a strict vegan diet without consuming
             | animal products. A vegetarian diet in childhood and
             | adolescence requires good information and supervision by a
             | paediatrician, if necessary, in cooperation with an
             | appropriately trained dietary specialist._
             | 
             | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31722049/
             | 
             | See also some relevant articles:
             | 
             |  _Vegetarian diets during pregnancy: effects on the mother
             | 's health. A systematic review_
             | 
             | Note well: _Data are scarce, often inconsistent and not
             | homogeneous for many of the topics we considered, mainly
             | because only a few studies have been performed in developed
             | countries, _whereas other studies have derived from
             | developing countries, where vegetarianism can be a proxy
             | indicator of malnutrition.__ (my underlining)
             | 
             |  _Vitamin B12 Deficiency Is Prevalent Among Czech Vegans
             | Who Do Not Use Vitamin B12 Supplements_
             | 
             | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31835560/
             | 
             | etc.
        
               | zwaps wrote:
               | B12 and vegan supply of omega 3 fat is still a concern,
               | especially for children and infants.
               | 
               | For example, if you use plant sources for your fat supply
               | of DHA, you'd have to ingest enough ALA to make most
               | people sick. So supplements are necessary for health,
               | especially in children (vegan algae based supplements do
               | exist).
               | 
               | Another question is soy reliance. Last I checked, we can
               | reasonably assume that a "normal" amount of soy in a diet
               | is a non issue. However, results during pregnancy and
               | childhood are apparently lacking, and studies in rats
               | show potential problems [1].
               | 
               | "Further investigation is needed before a firm conclusion
               | can be drawn. In the meantime, caution would suggest that
               | perinatal phyto-oestrogen exposure, such as that found in
               | infants feeding on soy-based formula, should be avoided."
               | [2]
               | 
               | Just to be clear here: I am a vegetarian. However, I
               | never went full vegan because I think it does require a
               | very mindful and conscious handling of nutrition - and a
               | lot more research [3]
               | 
               | By extension, I do not think it is appropriate as a
               | recommendation for the general public at this stage.
               | 
               | [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11524239/
               | 
               | [2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19919579/
               | 
               | [3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16234205/
        
               | tomstoms wrote:
               | So we need research and educational efforts into plant
               | based nutrition instead of pumping all tax money into
               | marketing and subsidies for the meat and dairy industry.
               | Big surprise.
               | 
               | I'm raising two perfectly healthy vegan kids. They are
               | above average on most factors that matter and continue to
               | amaze people around us when we tell them they are vegan.
               | 
               | There is so much misinformation out there, and
               | extrapolating from cases where parents fuck up isn't
               | helpful. All kinds of people fuck up, vegans or not, be
               | it due to ignorance, incompetence or negligence.
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | Indeed, my understanding of the scientific consensus is
               | that a healthy vegan or vegetarian diet is perfectly
               | possible. However the question is what happens when such
               | a diet is forced on a large fraction of some population,
               | either because meat becomes too expensive, or because
               | plant-based alterantives become much cheaper. Are most
               | people who can scarecely afford good nutritious food
               | right now going to be able to maintain a healthy diet
               | when they have even fewer alternatives than currently?
               | 
               | Edit: just to clarify in case I'm misunderstood, I'm
               | talking about poor people because I don't worry that I
               | won't be able to afford to eat as much meat as I like
               | (which isn't that much anyway- I'm Greek, so
               | Mediterrannean diet and all that. Like, ~60% of our
               | cuisine is vegan or vegetarian only we call it "food").
        
               | gedy wrote:
               | Yeah I was raised (American) vegetarian from birth, and
               | my parents did not consider the nutrition I needed when
               | they cooked and I had anemia, underweight, etc. I was
               | healthier after starting to eat meat at age 14
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | Not_Nominated wrote:
       | >plant-based meat
       | 
       | There is no such thing as plant-based meat. There's only plant-
       | based protein. If we didn't live in a corrupt society this would
       | be punishable by court for disinformation.
        
       | jeffrallen wrote:
       | Umm, just eat the plants instead? I don't get fake meat. It is a
       | solution to the wrong problem. Make a small amount of meat
       | sustainable and respectful of animal wellness. Then make the rest
       | of your diet plant based. Done.
        
         | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
         | It would work if you completely disregard people's enjoyment
         | and overall experience of eating the foods. (And only think of
         | nutritional composition.)
        
         | Dylan16807 wrote:
         | Just eat broccoli instead? I don't get other foods. Make a
         | small amount of other things sustainable and respectful, then
         | make the rest of your diet broccoli. Done.
         | 
         | Almost the entire point of cultivating different foods is to
         | enjoy different flavors and textures. If something is tasty but
         | expensive, in terms of money or the environment, we should
         | encourage the people that try to make it cheaper. There's no
         | reason to _want_ things to be expensive and rare treats.
        
           | bigfudge wrote:
           | I think the point is that we have tried making meat cheap and
           | it created a lot of problems. Until we fix those problems the
           | grandparent comments strategy seems sound.
        
       | shmageggy wrote:
       | Decent article but misses a bunch. Those cheap staple crops are
       | only cheap because they are massively subsidized, and also grown
       | as huge, environmentally damaging monocrops. So while yes, it may
       | be cheaper to use corn, it's only really solving the ethical
       | problems of meat by hedging on the environmental axis.
       | 
       | In general, it seems there needs to be something deeper done.
       | Something is deeply wrong when cutting out the inefficient
       | middle-man (the animal that converts plants to meat) somehow ends
       | up with a product that's MORE expensive.
        
         | jcampbell1 wrote:
         | > only cheap because
         | 
         | This is often repeated nonsense. The reason corn is a popular
         | crop is because it yields the most calories per acre of any
         | crop. Places without crop subsidies grow lots of corn. See
         | Argentina, Brazil, Africa, etc.
        
       | ninetax wrote:
       | One method not mentioned is the usage of bio-processing to
       | produce proteins identical to those coming from animal products
       | using only genetically modified microbes.
       | 
       | The advantage here is that you're getting as close to the real
       | thing as you can.. Actually there's no difference from the real
       | thing at the protein level- though fats and things need to be
       | added back from imitation sources to re-assemble to thing you're
       | imitating.
       | 
       | This probably isn't overall cheaper today (vs soy, wheat, etc),
       | but the processes is very inefficient and has a TON of room to be
       | improved upon. At a large scale your inputs are glucose and some
       | microbes. Fermentation does the rest.
       | 
       | It just so happens that's what we're working on at at Culture
       | Biosciences. Shoot me an email if this kind of stuff fascinates
       | you. We're hiring software and hardware engineers.
       | satshabad@culturebiosciences.com
        
       | GNU_James wrote:
       | >plant-based meat
       | 
       | No such thing exists by definition.
        
         | bigfudge wrote:
         | There is a lovely comment up thread providing over a thousand
         | years worth of quotes proving the contrary
        
       | vz8 wrote:
       | Fresh fruit and veg prices have practically quadrupled in the
       | last 10 years here (Florida). Beef is significantly up.
       | 
       | On the other hand, chicken is ridiculously inexpensive. For under
       | $7, a tray of 8 oversized chicken thighs. Following a Keto
       | regimen for a bit over a year now, I'm very keen on trying a
       | different approach to high-protein, low-carb intake.
       | 
       | The novel proteins the article discusses (mung beans, potatoes,
       | fava beans, chickpeas, lentils, oats, lupine, and faba) give me a
       | wider array to try, but I can see how difficult plant-based meat
       | pricing will be when the crops are so much more expensive than
       | the corn/wheat/soy tri-fecta.
       | 
       | What keeps the novel crops pricing so high? (looks like 15 to 160
       | times higher than corn/wheat/soy at the extremes)
       | 
       | Labor?
        
       | ggm wrote:
       | If you want a truly awesome plant based meat experience for taste
       | and mouth feel try "tartex" which is a nutritional yeast derived
       | pate, and I eat it as itself, no fakery needed but revel in its
       | foie like texture. Sold in tubes, invented more than 70 years
       | ago. Perhaps a little too greasy afterward (I suspect it's palm
       | oil) but heaps of umami.
        
       | Jkvngt wrote:
       | I know it's maybe not a very sophisticated position to take in
       | the current year, but I will not eat the fake meat, I will not
       | eat the bugs, I will not live in a pod, I will not own nothing.
        
         | zionic wrote:
         | I'm with you on everything but the cultured meat. If it's real
         | cells grown in an environment with no antibiotics or hormones
         | that's a huge win over growing an entire animal that stands in
         | its own crap all day and is pumped full of growth chemicals and
         | antibiotics so it doesn't die.
         | 
         | I'd love to buy my own self contained steak 3D printer for $10k
        
           | hamax wrote:
           | You'd eat a 3D printed steak but not soy or wheat protein
           | that you probably already eat multiple times a week?
        
       | sparrish wrote:
       | It really shouldn't be called "meat". It should be called plant-
       | based protein or meat-substitute. The definition of "meat"
       | shouldn't change because you press some soy to look like a
       | chicken leg.
        
         | danShumway wrote:
         | Is anyone really confused by this though?
         | 
         | To be honest, this sounds like the same controversy as people
         | complaining about almond "milk". I just don't see a lot of
         | evidence that people are regularly accidentally buying vegan
         | food.
         | 
         | Meat has been used to refer to non-animal products for a long
         | time, particularly around nuts. I don't think that the
         | definition has changed as much as people are using a commonly
         | understood term to refer to a category of food that's all used
         | in similar situations and for similar purposes.
        
           | WaitWaitWha wrote:
           | In my experience I think so, as I wrote on this thread.
           | 
           | I work with some inner city folk and yes, they are convinced
           | it is meat, just really bad meat. As with almond milk, they
           | think it is milk with almond added to it (even when I pull
           | out the container from the fridge and show the ingredient
           | list).
        
         | zionic wrote:
         | I completely agree. That's one area where europe is much better
         | than the US, they tend to force stuff to be labeled what it is.
        
           | jdthedisciple wrote:
           | Yup, very true. Just recently German chocolate producer
           | "RitterSport" made a new chocolate product but were
           | disallowed to call it chocolate because it doesn't contain
           | any sugar (they used some substitute), which according to the
           | definition a chocolate product has to contain to be called
           | chocolate.
        
             | pantalaimon wrote:
             | That turned out to be a marketing stunt
             | 
             | https://uebermedien.de/57277/wie-man-eine-neue-
             | schokoladenso...
        
           | maxerickson wrote:
           | The US has lots of those rules.
           | 
           | It's likely enough they would apply to more specific terms,
           | beef/chicken/pork, and so on, though.
        
           | yreg wrote:
           | Just recently EP considered banning veggie burgers with the
           | reasoning that something called a burger needs to contain
           | dead animal parts.[0]
           | 
           | I'm glad they changed their mind.
           | 
           | [0] - https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-lawmakers-set-to-
           | vote-on-...
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | Likewise, but the issue there is slightly different -- if
             | they had ruled that "burgers" had to contain meat, there
             | would be a similar but stronger argument to force
             | "hamburgers" to only refer to those made of _ham_.
             | 
             | Hamburgers are named after the place they were invented
             | (the city of Hamburg), itself named after a big castle
             | which in German is "Burg".
             | 
             | And before anyone suggests one could also argue that
             | "they're only allowed to be called hamburgers if they're
             | from Hamburg and otherwise are just sparkling fried meat
             | patties", I apologise for spoiling the obvious joke by
             | having looked up the EU rules for when something can be
             | protected with a geographical designation (feta cheese,
             | champagne, etc.) and discovered none of that sort of thing
             | would apply.
        
         | tomrod wrote:
         | Call it protein and move on?
        
         | wavefunction wrote:
         | What about "nut meat" that seems to be a precedent.
        
         | websites222 wrote:
         | Why shouldn't it be called meat?
        
           | bearbawl wrote:
           | Because that's not meat?
        
             | websites222 wrote:
             | Sure it is. It's right there on the label. Things are
             | called what they are called not because they have
             | properties which match a platonic ideal and those
             | properties are inextricably linked with the phonetic and
             | orthographic representations of a language. No, things are
             | called what they are called because lots of people make
             | those sounds or write those symbols and associate it with
             | that thing, which people receive as information and then
             | use themselves.
             | 
             | In other words, you've already lost this battle, and you've
             | lost it in many languages and countries at once.
             | 
             | Whatever world you wish to preserve in which, for whatever
             | reasons of comfort you insist that plant-based meat isn't
             | meat, no longer exists.
        
               | bearbawl wrote:
               | By the amount of words I'm sure I've lost indeed. In <<
               | many many >> languages and countries, everywhere around
               | the world, and particularly in our very small new
               | extremism world.
               | 
               | I have one question: why do people trying to eat only
               | vegetables (is << vegetables >> still ok?) insist so much
               | to call that << plant-based >> food << meat >>?
        
               | websites222 wrote:
               | > I have one question: why do people trying to eat only
               | vegetables (is << vegetables >> still ok?) insist so much
               | to call that << plant-based >> food << meat >>?
               | 
               | That don't. They just read what's on the label and call
               | it that. It's preservationists who see a war here:
               | everyone else has moved on.
        
             | hamax wrote:
             | Definition of meat by merriam-webster:
             | 
             | a: FOOD especially : solid food as distinguished from drink
             | 
             | b: the edible part of something as distinguished from its
             | covering (such as a husk or shell)
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | Yep. That goes to show what I've said often in comments
               | here: "meat" means food _in certain parts of the world_.
               | That is to say _English speaking_ parts of the world.
               | 
               | For instance, I'm Greek and in the Greek language _bread_
               | is synonymous with  "food". A few expressions in Greek
               | characteristic of this synonymity of bread with food are:
               | "den ekhoume psomi na phame" - "we have no bread to eat",
               | meaning "we shall go hungry"; "bgazo to psomi mou",
               | "deriving one's bread", meaning "making a living"
               | (analogous to "bring the bacon home"); and of course
               | "pater emon o en tois ouranois dos' emin semeron ton
               | arton emon ton epiousion", or "our father who art in
               | heaven give us our daily _bread_ ".
               | 
               | This is one reason why debates like the ones in this HN
               | thread frustrate me. Yes, some people should definitely
               | eat less meat. _Much_ less meat! But that 's by far not
               | everyone in the world and some people have been eating
               | very reasonable amounts, very sustainable amounts of meat
               | (and very sustainable _kinds_ of meat) for many
               | generations. Of course those are the same people whose
               | national cuisines are already teeming with vegetarian and
               | vegan dishes, except of course those are simply called
               | "food" in the local languages. I find it an affront,
               | having grown up in such a culture, to hear that I have to
               | reduce my meat consumption _even further_ or switch to
               | repulsive-sounding  "plant-based meat alternatives"
               | because some people half a world over can't sit down to
               | eat without a big fat beef stake in front of them.
               | 
               | Bottom line: we haven't all fucked up the planet to the
               | same degree. We shouldn't all have to change our way of
               | life and the way we eat to the same degree.
        
               | alacombe wrote:
               | OOTH Merriam-webster is changing definitions faster than
               | the wind change direction...
        
               | hamax wrote:
               | Funny enough, this is the original definition. You are
               | the one using the new "fancy" definitions.
               | 
               | Wiki: The word meat comes from the Old English word mete,
               | which referred to food in general. The term is related to
               | mad in Danish, mat in Swedish and Norwegian, and matur in
               | Icelandic and Faroese, which also mean 'food'. The word
               | mete also exists in Old Frisian (and to a lesser extent,
               | modern West Frisian) to denote important food,
               | differentiating it from swiets (sweets) and dierfied
               | (animal feed).
        
               | bearbawl wrote:
               | Do I really have to find another source that somehow <<
               | counter >> your post and give a << definition >> of what
               | meat is or how it is generally employed for?
               | 
               | I mean, we really are there?
               | 
               | If you make a barbecue party, do you discuss the new
               | meaning of << meat >> by the << I don't know what the
               | fuck I'm talking about website >>?
        
               | hamax wrote:
               | The modern definition of meat meaning animal flash
               | evolved from the old more broad definition. And now it's
               | evolving again to again include plant based meats.
               | 
               | It's how the language works and I'm not sure why would
               | anyone be against using the broader definition when it's
               | useful.
               | 
               | I don't see anyone complaining about coconut milk and
               | peanut butter.
        
         | avolcano wrote:
         | I don't really understand this. I've never seen a package of
         | plant-based meat and found myself confused, much in the same
         | way I've never seen a carton of oat milk and thought it
         | contained dairy. What's the concern here?
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | > I've never seen a carton of oat milk and thought it
           | contained dairy
           | 
           | I have no issues with "<plant> milk" products and labeling
           | them like that, but people do get confused about their
           | nutritional profiles, thinking they're substitutes for milk.
           | They're not, and they're chemically different enough that
           | they're not good substitutes for cooking. About the only
           | thing they're good substitutes for is liquid milk, though I
           | hear oat milk foams up well for a cappuccino.
        
             | danShumway wrote:
             | > but people do get confused about their nutritional
             | profiles
             | 
             | By that logic, should 2% milk be allowed to be called milk?
             | What about chocolate milk? Nutritional profiles can vary
             | wildly between different brands and products, especially
             | when we're talking about meat -- so where do you draw the
             | line?
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | Look, you're raising an interesting point but this is not
               | about meat vs. not meat (or "what kind of meat"). For
               | instance, I was recently made aware that about 80% of the
               | milk sold in Greek supermarkets (I'm Greek) is UHT
               | ("long-life"). That goes for the milk _displayed in
               | refrigerated isles_. OK? Supermarkets put UHT milk in the
               | fridge - so people will think it 's fresh. Most likely
               | it's the dairy companies that direct them to do so. Some
               | brands even put UHT milk in clear plastic bottles, like
               | the ones used for fresh milk. Last time I checked there
               | were maybe three brands of pasteurised (i.e. "fresh", not
               | long-life) milk in the refrigerated isle in the three
               | supermarkets I visit frequently.
               | 
               | And yet, I remember reading (and could perhaps dig up
               | again with a bit of effort) a study claiming that Greeks
               | don't like to drink UHT milk and prefer fresh milk. Well,
               | perhaps that's what they _think_ but in practice most of
               | the milk on sale (and so, very likely, most of what is
               | consumed) is UHT.
               | 
               | Note: "fresh milk" is not raw milk; "fresh" milk means
               | milk that's been pasteurised, but not ultra-pasteurised,
               | and that's been knocking about the dairy industry's
               | plants and refrigerated trucks and the like for about a
               | week. "Fresh" is a misnomer. Even if it wasn't, people
               | don't seem capable of distinguishing it from UHT milk
               | anyway.
               | 
               | Bottom line: people don't know what they're consuming.
               | Like, they really have no idea. Myself I hadn't noticed
               | all that but it was pointed out to me by a friend who is
               | a dairy scientist. In fact, I'd been drinking a UHT milk
               | and thinking "hey, that tastes kinda sweet". I even kinda
               | liked it. I mean, there's nothing _wrong_ with drinking
               | UHT milk! Don 't get me wrong- it's just as nutritious as
               | "fresh" milk. Except, I had no idea. This is disturbing.
               | It makes me wonder- what else am I missing? What else is
               | sold to me as one kind of food but is really something
               | else than what I expect?
        
               | albertgoeswoof wrote:
               | Well chocolate milk does come from brown cows, according
               | to 16 million americans
               | 
               | https://iheartintelligence.com/millions-of-americans-
               | think-c...
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | I find it more likely that 16 million Americans decided
               | to take the piss when answering that particular question,
               | perhaps offended that such an obviously dumb question
               | would be asked of them with a straight face. I would be.
        
               | zajio1am wrote:
               | That agrees with the lizardman constant:
               | 
               | https://slatestarcodex.com/2013/04/12/noisy-poll-results-
               | and...
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | 16 million Americans have, by definition of the scoring
               | mechanism, IQ 70 or lower. I suspect the only reason the
               | number thinking it's from brown cows isn't _higher_ is
               | all the people who don't think milk comes from anywhere
               | but the supermarket selling it.
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | But how many believe in qanon? I really wish we could put
               | that down to a warped sense of humour...
        
           | dabbledash wrote:
           | I don't know about the meat issue, but I've seen women in
           | mother's groups ask "what kind of milk" people were going to
           | be giving their babies after they were done giving breast
           | milk or formula. Some people seemed to genuinely think that
           | something called almond milk is actually a _type of milk_ in
           | some meaningful sense just because of the name.
        
             | tedunangst wrote:
             | Wait until they find out peanut butter isn't a type of
             | butter.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Nor made of nuts ;)
        
             | Falling3 wrote:
             | Are you implying that children that are weaned shouldn't
             | have non-dairy milk substitutes?
        
               | dabbledash wrote:
               | I'm fine with them having non-dairy beverages, but they
               | aren't "substitutes" nutritionally just because they have
               | milk in the name. If your 1 year old is drinking almond
               | milk (30cal and 1g protein per 8oz) instead of whole milk
               | (150 cal and 8 gr protein per 8 oz), you need to adjust
               | what you're feeding, just like you would if you were
               | giving any other drink.
               | 
               | The issue is some people seem to assume liquids that are
               | labeled milks are actually like each other in some way
               | that goes beyond flavor and texture.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | And skim milk is 85 and 8, while soy milk is 130 and 8.
               | 
               | So I agree that different kinds of 'milk' have wildly
               | different nutrition, but it's not really about dairy vs.
               | non-dairy.
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | Yes, the problem is not dairy vs. non-dairy, it is with
               | feeding kids who have been weaned a vegetarian or vegan
               | diet in general. For instance, the following is a recent
               | study (July 2020):
               | 
               |  _Vegetarian and Vegan Weaning of the Infant: How Common
               | and How Evidence-Based? A Population-Based Survey and
               | Narrative Review_
               | 
               |  _Background: Vegetarian and vegan weaning have
               | increasing popularity among parents and families.
               | However, if not correctly managed, they may lead to wrong
               | feeding regimens, causing severe nutritional deficiencies
               | requiring specific nutritional support or even the need
               | for hospitalization. Aim: To assess the prevalence of
               | vegetarian and vegan weaning among Italian families and
               | to provide an up-to-date narrative review of supporting
               | evidence. Materials and methods: We investigated 360
               | Italian families using a 40-item questionnaire. The
               | narrative review was conducted searching scientific
               | databases for articles reporting on vegetarian and vegan
               | weaning. Results: 8.6% of mothers follow an alternative
               | feeding regimen and 9.2% of infants were weaned according
               | to a vegetarian or vegan diet. The breastfeeding duration
               | was longer in vegetarian /vegan infants (15.8 vs. 9.7
               | months; p < 0.0001). Almost half of parents (45.2%) claim
               | that their pediatrician was unable to provide sufficient
               | information and adequate indications regarding
               | unconventional weaning and 77.4% of parents reported the
               | pediatrician's resistance towards alternative weaning
               | methods. Nine studies were suitable for the review
               | process. The vast majority of authors agree on the fact
               | that vegetarian and vegan weaning may cause severe
               | nutritional deficiencies, whose detrimental effects are
               | particularly significant in the early stages of life.
               | Discussion and conclusion: Our results show that
               | alternative weaning methods are followed by a significant
               | number of families; in half of the cases, the family
               | pediatrician was not perceived as an appropriate guide in
               | this delicate process. To date, consistent findings to
               | support both the safety and feasibility of alternative
               | weaning methods are still lacking. Since the risk of
               | nutritional deficiencies in the early stages of life is
               | high, pediatricians have a pivotal role in guiding
               | parents and advising them on the most appropriate and
               | complete diet regimen during childhood. Efforts should be
               | made to enhance nutritional understanding among
               | pediatricians as an unsupervised vegetarian or vegan diet
               | can cause severe nutritional deficiencies with possible
               | detrimental long-term effects._
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370013/
        
           | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
           | I don't see that the OP said anything about there being any
           | kind of confusion. I think you're responding to a different
           | concern than the one they expressed.
        
         | DanBC wrote:
         | Meat == food, not just flesh. This is a very old definition for
         | the word. It's also still used to describe the bits of nuts
         | that we eat ("coconut meat").
         | 
         | meat, n.
         | 
         | 1. a. Food in general; anything used as nourishment for men or
         | animals; usually, solid food, in contradistinction to drink.
         | Now arch. and dial. green meat: grass or green vegetables used
         | for food or fodder (see green a. 4). See also hard meat,
         | horsemeat, whitemeat. meal of meat, meal's meat: see meal n. 2
         | 1e.
         | 
         | a900: tr. Baeda's Hist. v. iv. (Schipper) 568 "He eode on his
         | hus & thaer mete [v.r. maete] thyede."
         | 
         | c975: Rushw. Gosp. Luke xii. 23 "Sawel mara is donne mett."
         | 
         | a1050: Liber Scintill. xlvii. (1889) 153 "Nys rice godes meta &
         | drinc."
         | 
         | c1175: Lamb. Hom. 135 "Ne sculen ye nawiht yimstones leggen
         | Swinen to mete."
         | 
         | c1200: Ormin 3213 "Hiss drinnch wass waterr ayy occ ayy, Hiss
         | mete wilde rotess."
         | 
         | a1240: Lofsong in Cott. Hom. 205 "Ich habbe i-suneged ine mete
         | and ine drunche."
         | 
         | a1300: Cursor M. 898 "Mold sal be thi mete for nede."
         | 
         | c1380: Wyclif Wks. (1880) 206 "Alas, that so gret cost &
         | bisynesse is sette abouten the roten body, that is wormes
         | mete."
         | 
         | c1440: Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 185 "Thy mete shall be mylk,
         | honye, & wyne."
         | 
         | 1477: Norton Ord. Alch. v. in Ashm. (1652) 76 "Without Liquor
         | no Meate is good."
         | 
         | 1578: Lyte Dodoens ii. xlvi. 205 "These kindes of lillies are
         | neither used in meate nor medicine."
         | 
         | 1623: Cockeram ii, "Meate of the Gods, Ambrosia, Manna."
         | 
         | meat, n.
         | 
         | e. The edible part of fruits, nuts, eggs, etc.: the pulp,
         | kernel, yolk and white, etc. in contradistinction to the rind,
         | peel, or shell. ?Now only U.S. exc. in proverbial phrase (see
         | quot. 1592). Also, the animal substance of a shell-fish.
         | 
         | c1420: Pallad. on Husb. iii. 708 "A stanry pere is seyd to
         | chaunge his mete In esy lond ygraffed yf he be."
         | 
         | 1530: Palsgr. 245/1 "Meate of any frute, le bon."
         | 
         | a1562: G. Cavendish Wolsey (1893) 30 "A very fayer orrynge
         | wherof the mete or substaunce within was taken owt."
         | 
         | 1592: Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iii. i. 25 "Thy head is as full of
         | quarrels, as an egge is full of meat."
         | 
         | 1613: Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 506 "Of the meat of the Nut
         | dried, they make oyle."
         | 
         | 1679: J. Skeat Art Cookery 30 "First take all the meat out of
         | the lobster."
         | 
         | 1766: Museum Rust. I. lxxxiii. 370 "Low or swampy grounds don't
         | answer well for potatoes,..the meat being generally scabby,
         | close, wet and heavy."
         | 
         | 1802: Paley Nat. Theol. xx. (1819) 313 note, "The meat of a
         | plum."
         | 
         | 1900: Boston Even. Transcr. 29 Mar. 7/3 "Force through a meat
         | chopper with one-half pound nut-meats, using English walnut
         | meats, pecan-nut meats."
         | 
         | 1902: Fortn. Rev. June 1012 "A bit of crab-meat."
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | I guess that explains "mince pies" in the UK. For non-Brits:
           | they are a traditional Christmas sweet pastry the size and
           | shape of a cupcake, filled with "mincemeat", which is meat-
           | free and not to be confused with "minced meat".
        
         | delibes wrote:
         | Yes, as long as this isn't going down the route of "consumers
         | will get confused" by terms like "oat milk".
         | 
         | People aren't that stupid and the arguments against using the
         | word milk annoy me. I think it's a sign that people are
         | changing their diet and the dairy industry is worried.
        
           | gus_massa wrote:
           | I once bought " _I Can 't Believe It's Not
           | <bold><huge>Butter</huge></bold>!_". I'm that stupid :(.
           | 
           | https://www.google.com/search?q=I+can%27t+believe+it%27s+not.
           | ..
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | delibes wrote:
             | :) There's always one. FWIW I noticed Flora do a plant-
             | based range now that's quite good. They label the 'butter'
             | as Plant B+tter.
        
           | pelasaco wrote:
           | > People aren't that stupid and the arguments against using
           | the word milk annoy me.
           | 
           | People are not stupid to try to kill corona with
           | disinfectant: https://time.com/5835244/accidental-poisonings-
           | trump/
        
           | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
           | >> People aren't that stupid and the arguments against using
           | the word milk annoy me. I think it's a sign that people are
           | changing their diet and the dairy industry is worried.
           | 
           | Well, calling plant mince patties "burgers" annoys _me_ and I
           | 'm not the dairy industry, nor affiliated with it.
           | 
           | Can we leave the annoyance aside and have a reasonable
           | conversation about it? Here's my concern: it's perfectly
           | reasonable to suggest that everyone should eat less meat than
           | they eat (or rather, not _everyone_ ; just the people in
           | cough, certain regions of the world where "meat" is
           | synonymous with "food"; that is really not the case
           | everywhere in the world). But in that case, let's promote
           | plant-based cuisines, like Indian or Mediterrannean, with
           | dishes that can be cooked at home with cheap and healthy
           | ingredients and that do not rely on the production lines of
           | the same large agribuisenesses that are responsible for
           | destroying the environment with industrial farming (which
           | includes mass-produced meat- _and_ plant-based foods).
        
         | TECHBEAST2k wrote:
         | Meat-substitute just sounds like a more generic way to say
         | plant-based meat? Meat is also defined as the edible part of a
         | fruit or nut. /shrug
        
         | sparrc wrote:
         | should we also rename coconut milk? coconut cream? peanut
         | butter?
         | 
         | should we rename mincemeat since it rarely if ever contains
         | meat anymore?
         | 
         | and what about hot dogs...those don't contain dog do they? do
         | we have to rename those too?
        
         | nomagicbullet wrote:
         | I agree. Why call something that is not meat "meat"? It seems
         | that the only valid arguments is that the term is used as a
         | marketing strategy to confuse consumers or appeal to their
         | subconscious.
        
           | simias wrote:
           | It's because it's meant as a meat substitute. As far as I'm
           | concerned it's very much conscious, if you want to make the
           | veggie version of, say, a chicken dish you'll buy "veggie
           | chicken" which is meant to have similar characteristics
           | (usually in terms of flavor, appearance and consistence, not
           | necessarily nutritional).
           | 
           | It's hard for me not to dismiss these concerns are pure pearl
           | clutching (or is it concern trolling? I'm not up to date on
           | my internet debate lingo). If people really don't pay
           | attention to the meat products they buy and they end up with
           | veggie meat by mistake, there's a very good chance that they
           | would've very easily ended up with some crappy ultra-
           | processed low quality "technically meat" product instead.
           | They might actually be better off with the plant option,
           | quality-wise.
        
         | dirtyid wrote:
         | >press some soy to look like a chicken leg.
         | 
         | Are we even that there yet, seems like wide marketing died off
         | after innovation in the space churned out one ground beef patty
         | mcnugget meat product after another.
         | 
         | I don't mind deceptive labelling if for mass appeal. I do want
         | meat substitutes that actually behave and taste like meat in
         | more than ground form. It's not viable substitute for vast
         | majority of cuisine from around the world, that's before even
         | getting into delicacies like offal.
        
         | unsigner wrote:
         | This.
         | 
         | In the EU, you can't sell a concoction of palm oil, whey
         | protein, fillers, flavors and colorings as "cheese" - you need
         | to label it as "breakfast spread" or something like that.
         | 
         | There are different words you are allowed to use for fruit-
         | based drinks depending on how removed they are from actual
         | fruit.
         | 
         | Why not apply similar standards to the ersatz meat?
        
         | exyi wrote:
         | The goal is to taste / look / behave like meat so why not call
         | it plant-based meat? In the end, the properties matter, not the
         | production process.
        
       | [deleted]
        
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