[HN Gopher] Paul Taylor, the engineer who created the TTY machin...
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       Paul Taylor, the engineer who created the TTY machine for the deaf,
       has died
        
       Author : wallflower
       Score  : 207 points
       Date   : 2021-02-06 03:35 UTC (19 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.oregonlive.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.oregonlive.com)
        
       | gen3 wrote:
       | I never knew the origins of the TTY console on my machine. To
       | hear it was an accessibility tool at first is really cool. It
       | does make sense that if these were widely available, people would
       | use them to dial into a computer!
       | 
       | I wonder what other interesting innovations I use that I don't
       | realize have such a deep history. Thanks for sharing the article.
        
         | jeofken wrote:
         | It is a different device than the TTY commonly emulated in your
         | terminal window.
         | 
         | Naming things is one of the two hard things in computer
         | science, along with naming things and off by one errors.
        
         | mechanicum wrote:
         | It wasn't an accessibility tool first. TTY dates from the
         | mid-19th century.
         | 
         | Paul Taylor's innovations were to use the technology to provide
         | telecommunications for the deaf, and then lobby for the
         | creation of the operator relay system enabling TTY users to
         | communicate with people who didn't have a TTY. The machines
         | already existed.
        
         | jrimbault wrote:
         | Both are TeleTYpewriters but they are not the same device.
        
       | glasss wrote:
       | Working in IT, the vast majority of engineers and IT adjacent
       | people have little care or desire to learn about phone or
       | communications systems. Especially nowadays when Teams and Zoom
       | take care of your VoIP woes on the backend, and AWS or Azure are
       | always doing something way cooler than a PBX can.
       | 
       | I was lucky to work alongside an enterprise PBX architect and not
       | only learn about phone systems, but come to appreciate the
       | history of them as well. One of the more interesting things to me
       | has always been the amount of accessibility that gets designed
       | into phone systems. TTY, translation services, different
       | languages, etc. It's something that always reminds me we're
       | designing and dealing with a wide variety of humans that I don't
       | get when designing a network.
        
         | gogopuppygogo wrote:
         | I built PBX software as VoIP took over. Parallelizing virtual
         | telephony timing with CPU virtualization was a fun and
         | challenging project.
         | 
         | It is amazing to me how few people understand the transition
         | from phreaking to hacking culture...
         | 
         | 2600 at least should be taught in every CS degree program as a
         | footnote of the industry...
        
           | rootsudo wrote:
           | For the tone: No one cares about blue boxing, beige boxing or
           | the old tales of cap'n crunch unless you bring up how he was
           | banned/potential pedo.
           | 
           | For the culture: 2600 magazines are also considered
           | contraband in many parts of the world, and also stopped
           | distribution, turns out if many fans of your work are
           | pirates, it may be hard to have circulation.
        
             | EvanAnderson wrote:
             | The lesson about in-band vs. out-of-band signaling is a
             | good one, even if the specifics of blue boxing aren't
             | discussed. The evolution of panel-pulsing to MF to SS7 is
             | interesting, and knowing some of that history provides
             | context to why some things are the way they are today in
             | voice telephony.
        
       | _nalply wrote:
       | Teletypes in Switzerland were ITU V.21 with three modifications:
       | 
       | - 110 baud instead of 300 baud
       | 
       | - not full duplex
       | 
       | - carrier tone
       | 
       | I experimented with a Java application and FFT to try to write a
       | soft modem, so I still know the exact specification by heart. Bit
       | 1 was 960 Hz, Bit 0 was 1160 Hz, the carrier tone 1060 Hz, and
       | there were 2 stop bits. This means, the teletype could transmit
       | 11 letters a second.
       | 
       | The carrier tone is special: if someone stopped typing, the
       | teletype switched to the carrier tone and kept it on for about 3
       | seconds then stopped.
       | 
       | Being not full-duplex Deaf users used a convention so they know
       | when they can type. The called party begins typing and ends with
       | two stars, like this **. Then the caller knows he can type and
       | also indicates the end with two stars. When a party is ready to
       | hang up the phone he writes four stars.
       | 
       | This is what my model (Telescrit) looked like:
       | https://db1.rehadat.de/rehadat/bilder/TC058000/tc058773.jpg
        
       | lancebeet wrote:
       | If there are others here who are as confused as I was by this
       | article, what they're referring to is not a "regular" teleprinter
       | or a software TTY as the audience on this website might expect,
       | but a teleprinter accessibility device which is also called a
       | TTY:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_device_for_...
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We've edited the title to make that clearer. Thanks!
        
       | patriarchybad wrote:
       | Please consider using "hearing impaired" as a more inclusive
       | term, or ideally "deaf and hard of hearing". Their are plenty of
       | people who can still hear some things but are not entirely deaf.
        
         | elil17 wrote:
         | Of Deaf and hard of hearing people I know, the young ones (less
         | than 50) all really dislike the term "hearing impaired" because
         | it implies that they are impaired (in the view of many, it's
         | hearing people who are impaired because we don't know how to
         | communicate using sign languages). Many also believe that
         | "Deaf" should be capitalized because of the Deaf community's
         | shared language and culture.
        
           | gspq wrote:
           | "Hard of hearing" is more neutral and better accepted.
        
           | hobs wrote:
           | In my experience this is pretty contentious depending on who
           | you talk to in the community, some people don't buy into the
           | deafness as a benefit and its definitely a political issue.
        
       | disabled wrote:
       | This engineer inventor changed my great uncle's life. My great
       | uncle got scarlet fever at age 8 in the 1930s and had a fever of
       | 108 F and nearly died. Because of nerve damage to his ear from
       | the fever, he became completely Deaf at age 11. He learned how to
       | lip read on his own and graduated high school when usually people
       | like him would typically be excluded. Nothing stopped him. He
       | even fished the fertile Pacific Ocean waters for Alaskan Salmon
       | for a living, which was obviously extremely dangerous for anyone.
       | 
       | Some of my best memories of my grandmother and her brother (my
       | great uncle) as a kid were at my grandmother's house, whenever
       | she had a phone call from her brother. Her talking to her brother
       | via a physical TTY terminal with the phone handset in the
       | terminal receiver was just so fascinating, captivating and
       | interesting to see in the 90s as a kid.
        
       | warmcat wrote:
       | So many inventors who changed so many human lives just fade out
       | of memory. I wish we had a wall of remembrance for all these
       | people.
        
       | fmajid wrote:
       | Beautiful and moving story, thanks for sharing!
        
       | gspq wrote:
       | Thanks to people like him now we have a system like CaptionCall.
       | You call a person or person calls you, the call is forwarded to a
       | special phone number designated to you for free. A person types
       | the conversation for you using AI to correct the errors. You are
       | talking on the smartphone and looking at real time transcript.
       | 
       | People with that disability now are doing interviews and getting
       | jobs. Not possible before. It needs one time investment in a fast
       | smartphone.
        
       | bhickey wrote:
       | My grandmother was deaf and we primarily communicated with her
       | over TTY and fax. Before she had TTY she would call and leave a
       | message, either on the machine or with whoever answered. In the
       | days before widespread email and texting this was a boon.
        
       | chews wrote:
       | https://archive.is/1plfb - link without paywall
        
       | nomel wrote:
       | A long time ago, before cell data, when I was learning to
       | program, I may or may not have used the TTY client that came with
       | Visual Basic to abuse the "I'm paying for it with my telephone
       | fees I might as well use it" federal TTY voice relay service [1]
       | to have an operator read my emails and top slashdot news stories
       | to me.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.federalrelay.us/tty
        
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       (page generated 2021-02-06 23:00 UTC)