[HN Gopher] Email from Jeff Bezos to employees
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Email from Jeff Bezos to employees
        
       Author : marc__1
       Score  : 1889 points
       Date   : 2021-02-02 21:07 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.aboutamazon.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.aboutamazon.com)
        
       | gnicholas wrote:
       | > _As Amazon became large, we decided to use our scale and scope
       | to lead on important social issues. Two high-impact examples: our
       | $15 minimum wage and the Climate Pledge._
       | 
       | Perhaps I'm overly cynical, but I don't think they made these
       | moves because of altruism. They do pay their warehouse employees
       | more than some warehouses, and people talk about changing jobs to
       | work at Amazon because the pay is better. But they also talk
       | about how demanding/grueling it is. I'm not sure Amazon could get
       | people to do this work, for this many hours on end (in some cases
       | allegedly without sufficient bathroom breaks) for less than
       | $15/hr.
       | 
       | As for the climate, I think they would have been clobbered by
       | environmentalists had they not done this. So while it's good that
       | they pay their employees more than minimum wage, and they make
       | efforts to reduce their environmental footprint, I view both of
       | these moves as being in service of the bottom line.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | astrange wrote:
         | Amazon was paying less than $15 minimum pretty recently; they
         | changed after Bernie started yelling at them, although I'm sure
         | they figured it was a win-win anyway.
         | 
         | Before that I think they had an adaption of the pay scale for
         | higher-earning employees where part of compensation was in
         | stock. But if you're making minimum wage you probably don't
         | want to deal with selling shares, waiting for vesting,
         | reporting taxes etc.
         | 
         | > As for the climate, I think they would have been clobbered by
         | environmentalists had they not done this.
         | 
         | For a tech company moves like this are critical for hiring.
         | Amazon's reputation has always been a place to work out of
         | college until your shares vest, and then you quit because
         | management is abusing you. So they probably would like to be
         | thought of as less evil.
        
           | gnicholas wrote:
           | Looks like they announced their $15 minimum wage in 2018. The
           | Wired subhead is telling: "The company didn't act purely out
           | of the goodness of its heart."
           | 
           | https://www.wired.com/story/why-amazon-really-raised-
           | minimum...
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | Everything they do in service of that to some extent, or they'd
         | not be able to function. That balancing act is hard to get
         | right.
        
       | PointyFluff wrote:
       | "So long, thanks for all the fish"?
        
       | latchkey wrote:
       | 1-Click was terrible for the internet.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-Click
        
       | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
       | > This journey began some 27 years ago. Amazon was only an idea,
       | and it had no name.
       | 
       | It had a name, and that name was "Cadabra".
       | 
       | It didn't become Amazon until Jeff watched a documentary about
       | the Amazon River. His lawyer had already turned up his nose at
       | "Cadabra", and Jeff was looking for something else.
       | 
       | It's also worth noting that the idea didn't grow over time - Jeff
       | always intended to build something like "Sears for the 21st
       | century". The bookstore was just the way in, not the long term
       | plan.
       | 
       | ps. amazon employee #2
        
         | reilly3000 wrote:
         | Hi Paul, I :heart: JACK and spend lots with Amazon, cheers.
         | 
         | I wonder if you have an opinion on this bit of gossip: Is there
         | any relationship between Jeff's departure and this FTC Tips
         | scandal? https://komonews.com/news/local/amazon-took-
         | away-62-million-... The only evidence I see is relating to
         | their very similar timing of publication.
        
         | not_knuth wrote:
         | Coincidentally, I saw this recently:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25671097
         | 
         | Giving it the benefit of the doubt, I could not help but wonder
         | if this was the Usenet post you saw back in the day that made
         | you apply for a job at Amazon :)
        
           | exadeci wrote:
           | >Your compensation will include meaningful equity ownership.
           | 
           | I'd wonder how much that's worth today.
        
         | obenn wrote:
         | Was it ever named "relentless" at some point? I've heard that
         | was the original name, relentless.com still redirects to
         | Amazon.com.
        
           | benatkin wrote:
           | Now he can make it redirect to blueorigin.com - or not. IDK.
        
           | nytesky wrote:
           | I believe Bezos was a huge fan of Shackleton's Endurance
           | expedition; so it could have been homage to that.
        
           | trts wrote:
           | They must have turned off the redirect sometime in the past
           | few years. diapers.com also used to land on amazon.com :)
        
             | ngold wrote:
             | Gotta hedge your bets, but I'm glad that I don't shop at
             | diapers.com.
        
               | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
               | Incidentally, books.com was taken early on (say 1990) by
               | an outfit in Ohio. Pre-web, they had a telnet interface.
        
               | gxqoz wrote:
               | There are a couple of institutions in the Seattle area
               | that have pretty good generic domain names, presumably
               | because of the tech connections in the area. For
               | instance, the Washington State Fair has the domain
               | thefair.com.
        
               | mmmrtl wrote:
               | Local zoo is zoo.org!
        
               | gxqoz wrote:
               | Oh yeah, forgot about that one.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Imagine the Seafair pirates or Almost Live! shaking
               | everyone down for domain names.
        
               | aidenn0 wrote:
               | IIRC amazon bought-out diapers.com; it was certainly
               | _some_ diaper startup that they are accused of using
               | predatory pricing against.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | That does sound vaguely familiar. Jeff did have a handful of
           | other "name candidates" sitting around, and this seems like
           | one in keeping with the sort of thing he was thinking about.
           | I don't specifically remember it though.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | rexreed wrote:
             | By any chance do you remember virtumall.com?
        
               | rsync wrote:
               | Cutco ... Interslice ...
        
           | abhiyerra wrote:
           | I thought it was endless.com that also redirects to
           | Amazon.com
        
             | spullara wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endless.com
        
           | davidrupp wrote:
           | "Bezos and his wife grew fond of another possibility:
           | Relentless.com. Friends suggested that it sounded a bit
           | sinister. But something about it must have captivated Bezos:
           | he registered the URL in September 1994, and he kept it. Type
           | Relentless.com into the Web today and it takes you to
           | Amazon." -- Stone, Brad. The Everything Store (p. 31).
           | Little, Brown and Company. Kindle Edition.
           | 
           | N.B.: "Today", in the context of that quote, is ca. 2013,
           | when the book was published. relentless.com redirected to
           | amazon.com for me this morning (2021-02-03).
        
           | tybit wrote:
           | I've also heard this and still think `relentless` is the best
           | way to describe Amazon's behaviour I've heard, love em or
           | hate em.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | And one of Bezos first ideas for a name was Relentless.
        
           | cercatrova wrote:
           | relentless.com redirects to Amazon.com
        
         | danellis wrote:
         | > It's also worth noting that the idea didn't grow over time
         | 
         | I doubt that he started out imagining he would build the
         | world's biggest cloud hosting platform or open the first chain
         | of checkoutless grocery stores.
        
           | eganist wrote:
           | The former, probably not. But the latter fits within the
           | context of "21st century Sears"
        
           | breakfastduck wrote:
           | The internet - the only place you can find a snarky comment
           | doubting the validity of a statement made by the actual 2nd
           | ever employee of Amazon, who knows infinitely more about what
           | Jeff Bezos wanted to achieve than the doubting commenter.
        
         | biztos wrote:
         | Does AWS have a Sears-type analogue or was that a new concept?
         | 
         | Just curious, no agenda, I grew up on the Sears Catalogue.
        
           | raverbashing wrote:
           | Well the way they're adding services I suppose they could
           | make a "paper" version of it soon.
           | 
           | Would be a fun conceptual project
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | No, AWS was definitely not part of Jeff's early vision. And
           | as many people have said, major credit to Jassy for making it
           | what it is today.
        
             | TuringNYC wrote:
             | How early do you mean by early? I remember Amazon at campus
             | recruiting (Cornell, 2000) describing something akin to AWS
             | and LoudCloud came up. I asked what business a bookstore
             | had to do with outsourced computing and recall a fair bit
             | of vision even at the time.
             | 
             | In light of what we now know, I'm the only one who didn't
             | have sufficient vision...for not pursuing that job
             | opportunity more seriously.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | I was at amazon from 1994-1996. That's what I mean by
               | "early".
        
               | nly wrote:
               | Apologies if this question is a bit in the nose, but why
               | did you leave?
        
             | biztos wrote:
             | Thanks, appreciate the reply from an authoritative voice.
        
         | wuschel wrote:
         | > ps. amazon employee #2
         | 
         | I hope it worked out for you! Early days employees bear a high
         | risk.
         | 
         | How was Amazon back then when only a handful people ran the
         | show? Any lessons to be learned?
        
         | acvny wrote:
         | Probably `Cadabra` came from `Abracadabra`:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abracadabra
        
         | polynomial wrote:
         | What did his lawyer have against "Cadabra"?
         | 
         | Offhand it sounds a bit too close to cadaver for the marketing
         | dept, but what would a legal objection be?
        
         | suyash wrote:
         | So Cadabra came from Abra-Ca-Dabra is it?
        
         | redthrowaway wrote:
         | >ps. amazon employee #2
         | 
         | Please tell me you held onto your stock
        
           | 2rsf wrote:
           | 90% of startups fail, in Las Vegas you have a 14% chance to
           | win now make your choice. I sold my stocks (not Amazon but a
           | very early employee at a small company that still exist and
           | somewhat profitable) as soon as I could and ended up selling
           | at an all time high so YMMV
        
           | codezero wrote:
           | Put into perspective that the dot boom happened around
           | 1999-2001 and the dot bomb set in hard by 2003. Between 1996
           | and through that roller coaster people went through a lot,
           | and since then there have now been two financial crises in
           | the US, one ongoing.
           | 
           | It probably doesn't feel good to be asked this question. I
           | say this as an early employee of three startups.
        
           | danans wrote:
           | Why would it matter if they didn't? All they would have if
           | they held it is more money on top of the gobs they already
           | had.
           | 
           | When you have that kind of money, if you want to grow it the
           | surer strategy is to invest in lots of stuff, not keep it all
           | sunk in your previous employer. It's probably more fun too.
           | 
           | And beyond a certain point that stock and the accompanying
           | valuation in AMZ probably isn't so gratifying in itself, and
           | unless one has a juvenile obsession with out net-worthing
           | others, you need to find something more personally meaningful
           | to do with it, whether that is start a new industry (Elon
           | Musk) or address pressing global health issues (Bill Gates).
           | It sounds like the GP has spent some of his funding free
           | software.
        
         | chrshawkes wrote:
         | We're you writing Perl primarily back in those days?
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Perl got used for some backend tasks. Nothing related to the
           | webserver.
        
             | mypalmike wrote:
             | Perl will never die at Amazon. So much build and deploy
             | tooling is still glued together by Perl.
        
               | zoover2020 wrote:
               | Config files! And Gurupa, right?
        
             | chrshawkes wrote:
             | Awesome. Thank you for responding!
        
         | teh_klev wrote:
         | >> This journey began some 27 years ago. Amazon was only an
         | idea, and it had no name.
         | 
         | > It had a name, and that name was "Cadabra".
         | 
         | This seems like nitpicking. Lots of projects start out with
         | long forgotten names. I'm involved in one that's pretty
         | successful, but you can see from the code base the name evolved
         | over time (~15 years). Codenames and attempts at product
         | placing in the market evolve, stuff becomes myth or forgotten.
         | I can absolve Bezos (this once) of not remembering exactly what
         | that embryonic Amazon was to begin with, or was called, because
         | it was ~25 years ago, probably during a period of great
         | turmoil.
         | 
         | And the tone of this comment feels like someone who checked out
         | of the company too early and feels a bit sour at doing so. I
         | say this as a single digit employee who could have made a small
         | fortune a couple of times but either bottled it, or the gig
         | wasn't right for me. I missed out on some nice payouts, but I'm
         | not that sour about it. It was my choice.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | I have _ZERO_ regrets about checking out of Amazon when I
           | did. I 've had an awesome life, raising my daughter, writing
           | a DAW, living. I want for nothing, really.
           | 
           | There's a lot of historical revisionism regarding the early
           | history of corporations. Claiming, specifically, as Jeff did,
           | that 27 years ago (1994) that he had no name for his idea is
           | ... not really true. It's likely true that when he actually
           | started working out what the business might be, he didn't
           | have a name. But who does?
           | 
           | Does it matter? Obviously that depends on your perspective.
           | Probably not much. But it's not even particularly hard to
           | read up on the early history (e.g. Brad Stone's "Get Big
           | Fast"), so memory is not really required.
        
           | hartator wrote:
           | > This seems like nitpicking.
           | 
           | I don't know if it's nitpicking. If it's true that the Amazon
           | #2 employee took time to post this here, Jeff Bezos should
           | have remembered and be precise in his speech.
        
             | teh_klev wrote:
             | > Jeff Bezos should have remembered
             | 
             | Who cares? It's getting into deep time (internet-wise),
             | memories fade, do we care, I don't despite opening my first
             | Amazon account ~1998. It was called "something", big deal.
             | Not everyone has photographic memories of these things,
             | perhaps Paul does, but wasn't asked to recall those
             | memories. Again, who cares? And they might have worked
             | through twenty other names after Paul left. I'm 54 I would
             | have trouble remembering exact details of important things
             | from 25 years ago, and Jeff is older than me, so give the
             | guy a break, it's likely off of his event horizon until he
             | writes "the book".
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | 1) The name "Amazon.com" was chosen in 1994 (or possibly
               | January 1995). 2) Subsequently, the company never
               | considered any other name 3) I'm older than you and Jeff
               | 4) I don't have a photographic memory 5) I've been asked
               | twice in court, on Amazon's behalf, to remember things
               | that happened/took place/were done back then.
               | 
               | [ EDIT: added "subsequently" for clarity ]
        
               | teh_klev wrote:
               | Ok fine, but in your original post you don't provide any
               | dates, and you assert that:
               | 
               | > It had a name, and that name was "Cadabra".
               | 
               | Now you're saying something different. So it's one thing
               | or another. Maybe just clarify the "when" of these things
               | as you remember them. Not having a go at you.
        
               | GavinMcG wrote:
               | This seems like nitpicking.
               | 
               | Especially because "Amazon" being chosen in '94 doesn't
               | mean Cadabra wasn't the name it was chosen to replace.
               | How is Paul "saying something different"?
        
         | melomal wrote:
         | I read somewhere that there was also a mention of calling it
         | 'Relentless'. I'll do my best to remember where it was that I
         | read this.
        
         | stefap2 wrote:
         | Is it true he used doors as tables to save money ? :)
        
           | krisfreedain wrote:
           | Yes. :) Here is an interesting link / video about it:
           | https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/workplace/how-a-door-
           | became...
        
           | frombody wrote:
           | This is something that literally everyone that owns a garage
           | and saw horses does.
           | 
           | In fact having saw horses and a flat surface in your garage
           | is superior to having a regular table, because all the pieces
           | are easily movable.
           | 
           | Nobody is going to ask you, why are there saw horses and a
           | door in your garage, but they will ask you why you have a
           | table in your garage.
        
           | broknbottle wrote:
           | That's still true for the most part.
        
         | knuthsat wrote:
         | Was employee #1 (not at AMZN) and saw the origin story change
         | in front of my eyes.
        
         | herodoturtle wrote:
         | What advice would you have for us solo founders in terms of
         | maintaining healthy relations with our first employees?
         | 
         | I won't ask what Jeff did wrong for obvious reasons, but what
         | did he do really well?
         | 
         | I loved your other comment on here about living a fulfilled
         | life. Thanks for sharing.
        
         | richardknop wrote:
         | > ps. amazon employee #2
         | 
         | Oh wow that's nice. Yeah, Amazon was definitely a better name
         | choice.
        
         | naqeeb wrote:
         | Thank you for the candidness! I've found it interesting how the
         | story of a startup's early days morph into legends / fables.
        
         | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
         | Something that always stuck with me is I remember reading in a
         | book about the internet long ago about how innovative the name
         | Amazon.com was and how it was the future of internet business.
         | It said it needs to be more memorable. You aren't going to buy
         | your books on Books.com you are going to use Amazon. Turned out
         | to be very right. And this was in the pets.com era. Everyone
         | thought you needed the most generic name possible and that if
         | you got something like books.com or travel.com you had cornered
         | the market on it.
        
           | OrbitRock wrote:
           | And nowadays if you're trying to search something related to
           | the Amazon rainforest Amazon.com stuff comes up first...
        
           | ma2rten wrote:
           | It seems like amazon was started around the same time as
           | lycos, yahoo, altavista. Pets.com was started 3 years later.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | I wonder if the browsers themselves weren't responsible for
           | the reversal of this trend. Back in the day, if you typed
           | something into address bar, there wasn't a "fallback to
           | search" like we have today.
        
             | bbarnett wrote:
             | Well, some older browsers would try slapping .com at the
             | end, and adding www at the start too, if no domain was
             | found...
             | 
             | So just typing sex could be fruitful...
        
           | purple_ferret wrote:
           | Except Yahoo was already one of the biggest names on the
           | internet and it was a head scratcher to everyone I knew on
           | first hear.
        
           | kevstev wrote:
           | I think you are leaving out a really important aspect of the
           | early internet- content discovery was really hard for users.
           | If you were looking for something about Pets until google
           | became dominant, you were just as likely, if not more likely,
           | to type pets.com into your browser as you were to go to a
           | search engine.
           | 
           | Getting the initial traffic to your site was really hard in
           | those days, the domain was _really_ important for that.
        
             | iso1631 wrote:
             | If you weren't in yahoo you weren't online
             | 
             | On the other hand if you were in yahoo you were online.
             | Type "books" into yahoo though and you'd be more likely to
             | find books.com than amazon.com as the top page, and clearly
             | "books.com" would sell books, who knows what "amazon.com"
             | sells, something about Brazilian rivers?
        
             | jonathanstrange wrote:
             | I used AltaVista and Hotbot all the time, as well as other
             | search engines and curated pages, and there was no problem
             | finding things. I believe most people used search engines
             | and aggregation pages since entering the address in the
             | browser bar would simply yield an error if you entered it
             | wrong. Connecting the address bar to a search engine is
             | fairly recent and was disputed a lot.
             | 
             | Google did nothing particularly innovative or new, they
             | just had the cleanest interface, their page was fast, and
             | provided good results. That's what made them successful.
             | 
             |  _Edit: On a side note, I feel really old now. :(_
        
               | rusk wrote:
               | Google had the best results by far. I remember around
               | 2000 most "regular people" had pretty much given up on
               | the web. It was google and maybe Napster that got people
               | interested again...
               | 
               | I wonder what it'll be to fix the Internet this time
               | around?
        
               | mathewsanders wrote:
               | I also used Altavista and Hotbot (although I don't
               | remember why I could choose one over the other for a
               | certain search).
               | 
               | I do remember one point of difference was Google's "I'm
               | feeling lucky" option that just sent you to the first
               | search result.
               | 
               | I really liked that feature, but I'm guessing was removed
               | in favor of growing impressions and ad revenues.
        
               | autokad wrote:
               | Altvista's edge over the competition at the time was that
               | it indexed the most content. But google came in with
               | pagerank and had superior results. There was a 3 year
               | span or so where people just attributed google's success
               | to minimalism. in terms of minimalism, hotbot was a
               | disaster, but it was the algorithm that truly set google
               | apart.
               | 
               | minimalism has its good points, but falsely attributing
               | it to google's success probably focused too much
               | attention to it in the internet of the 2010s.
        
               | iorrus wrote:
               | Exactly, the single feature that made me use google over
               | yahoo/altavista was the clean interface, I was using dial
               | up back then and it loaded very quickly the others were
               | covered in ads.
        
             | vishnugupta wrote:
             | I can totally second this as someone who began surfing web
             | in 1997 as a university student.
             | 
             | Content discovery was next to non-existent. You had these
             | directories like Y! or Lycos which more or less mirrored
             | yellow pages. My group of friends would exchange
             | interesting site links over e-mail, floppy disk or the good
             | old way, write them down in a note book. Before you ask,
             | internet surfing was only available in expensive public
             | kiosks so browser book marks weren't of much use. Only when
             | I got my own PC + internet in 2000 did I began using
             | browser bookmarks.
             | 
             | And then Google became popular around 2002 just when I
             | entered post-graduation and changed web surfing forever.
        
               | hnlmorg wrote:
               | People were commonly using Lycos and Yahoo as search
               | engines by 1997. Sure, some of the more exciting content
               | wasn't stuff you'd think to search for and thus would
               | often get shared via word of mouth (like the "Bert is
               | evil" site that parodied the Sesame Street character in
               | compromising photos...after all, which sane persons would
               | search "Bert +hitler" ?)
               | 
               | I think the limited time many people had on the internet
               | (as you said, in some instances at Internet kiosks where
               | you'd be limited to an hour at a time. Or on expensive
               | dial up) probably contributed to people curating and
               | sharing links offline between friends. But I do remember
               | using search engines in that era specifically because
               | AltaVista was widely regarded between myself and my peers
               | to be the best search engine in terms of keyword syntax
               | and the accuracy of the results. Remember this was the
               | era before search engines popularised entering in natural
               | language as a search query. Ask Jeeves (later renamed to
               | just "Ask") was actually the first to popularise that and
               | even that was pre-2000 (it also largely sucked compared
               | to keyword driven queries but I guess the tech wasn't
               | quiet there yet).
               | 
               | I think it was 1999 when my friends and I first
               | discovered Google. Back then Google was keyword query
               | based too. The natural language side of Google came much
               | later (mid-2000s at a guess). But what sold Google was
               | its minimalist home page and the accuracy of its results.
               | The minimalist home page was novel because search engines
               | were considered internet portals before Google. Yahoo!
               | Would have online games, chat rooms, site recommendations
               | and email all accessible from its landing page and it was
               | a similar story for many of the other search engines as
               | well. They considered themselves the homepage of the
               | internet (and in many ways they were right). Whereas
               | Google went the opposite way and said "let's strip as
               | much guff from our landing page as possible" and is modem
               | uses really welcomed that (plus the accuracy of its
               | results too). It's ironic just how heavy Google's landing
               | page has become.
               | 
               | By 2000 the web had already felt like it had shifted from
               | its adolescent years of anything goes and was starting to
               | grow up. The stigma of meeting strangers online was
               | fading and businesses were adopting the web as more than
               | just a niche marketing tool - in part helped by Online
               | payments becoming a thing with PayPal, WorldPay etc.
        
               | chx wrote:
               | If memory serves, we started searching on AltaVista,
               | moved to Northern Light and then to Google. Certainly
               | directories played a role but really, AltaVista / NL was
               | the bees knees.
        
               | nickelcitymario wrote:
               | > Yahoo! Would have online games, chat rooms, site
               | recommendations and email all accessible from its landing
               | page and it was a similar story for many of the other
               | search engines as well. They considered themselves the
               | homepage of the internet (and in many ways they were
               | right).
               | 
               | Still a winning business model, because this line could
               | easily describe Facebook.
        
               | hnlmorg wrote:
               | That's more a symptom of the lifestyle of any popular
               | software project than it is an example of it being a
               | winning business model.
               | 
               | Time and time again you see these big monolithic
               | applications get displaced by newer more focused
               | applications and people love them because these newer
               | applications run faster / is easier to use / etc etc.
               | Then as those applications gain popularity new features
               | need to be built to continue growth. Whether it is
               | through feature requests, to fight off competitors with
               | other features, or just the businesses way of finding new
               | ways to look individuals into a walled garden....soon
               | this focused application becomes yet another behemoth
               | that people start to moan about. Eventually something
               | new, shiny and focused grabs the public's attention and
               | we flock to that like the fickle herd of pack animals
               | that we are.
        
               | LgWoodenBadger wrote:
               | Speaking of yellow pages, I had an Internet-specific
               | yellow pages, I think it came from an order from
               | Outpost.com. It was a physical book, just like the
               | original phone book.
               | 
               | I think I still have it, and if I can find it I'll reply
               | with details.
               | 
               | It was fantastic for finding things, because you could
               | explore it, and because search was garbage back then.
        
               | janlaureys wrote:
               | This brought back a long lost memory of when before we
               | had internet at home. My dad took me to an internet cafe
               | and I had printed a whole list beforehand of sites I
               | wanted to visit. I had just guessed a bunch of random
               | domain names based on my interests and things I thought
               | would have a cool website. Stuff like porshe.com,
               | titanic.com, mountainbiking.com, spaceshuttle.com.
        
             | u801e wrote:
             | > the early internet- content discovery was really hard for
             | users.
             | 
             | It wasn't as good as google is now, but search engines of
             | the time did allow for discovery.
        
               | iorrus wrote:
               | I thought it was much better back then, you could find
               | niche sites that were of interest.
               | 
               | Google seems to have banned all the interesting wild
               | content that made the internet so fascinating in its
               | early days. Blogs seem to have disappeared completely for
               | instance and I have to specify the site to search to find
               | anything e.g. site:Reddit.com
               | 
               | However it does have an amazing ability to find comments
               | on stackoverflow relevant to my needs based on a few
               | keywords.
        
             | asdefghyk wrote:
             | In about 1994 I recall the aim was to find a good page of
             | links to whatever topic interested a person.
        
               | VBprogrammer wrote:
               | Oh yeah, I remember discovering some great content from
               | pages like that back in the day. I also vaguely remember
               | the idea of content rings being a thing.
        
             | eloisant wrote:
             | This, also search engines used to give a lot of weight to
             | workds in domains so if you searched for "book", the search
             | engine was likely to give you books.com as first result.
        
             | oarsinsync wrote:
             | To that end, it's worth reading up on the history of
             | sex.com. The domain historically (and currently?) generates
             | tonnes of revenue through advertising, and has been
             | hijacked more than once.
        
               | TMWNN wrote:
               | I wonder if it's because people are likely to try
               | `sex.com` in a web browser for laughs (and get surprised
               | when it turns out to be a real site), but aren't likely
               | to do so with `books.com` or `travel.com`.
        
               | Quarrelsome wrote:
               | there used to be (sadly not anymore) a very active forum
               | on fuckyou.com and it was mostly populated by people that
               | had just randomly typed it in one day.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | You have too much trust in people's wholesomeness. We all
               | know the internet is for pr0n ("...so grab your d##k and
               | double-click...").
        
               | codezero wrote:
               | This is somewhat second hand but I worked with someone
               | who claimed to know the person who owned sex.com (he was
               | trying to buy it from him at the time, and I'm trying to
               | be deliberately un-assertive) in the mid 90s (also fair
               | warning, this was a long time ago and I probably
               | misremember stuff) and said he paid a ton of money in
               | bribes to the search engines/portals back then - which
               | was what most people assumed, but those companies
               | insisted wasn't true, so it fit a narrative people liked.
               | 
               | I don't think sex.com was an expected direct hit back
               | then - and if I'm remembering correctly, even in the
               | later 90s, you would have had to type http://www.sex.com
               | to get it to even load right - there wasn't a ton of
               | convenience and most browsers relied on a heavy set of
               | built-in bookmarks to get people into portals and search
               | engines.
               | 
               | That said, I believe it was totally true that they likely
               | paid six or seven figures for a year or longer deal to
               | guarantee top three for a ton of porn search terms. I
               | assume that area was allowed to be seedy in order to
               | mitigate risk of even allowing that content to be
               | included in the first place, and companies didn't feel
               | bad getting money from porn sites who had a lot to throw
               | around.
        
               | ryanlol wrote:
               | > and if I'm remembering correctly, even in the later
               | 90s, you would have had to type http://www.sex.com to get
               | it to even load right
               | 
               | This wasn't a technical requirement though, sex.com
               | would've loaded just fine if it had an A record set.
        
               | codezero wrote:
               | Many sites didn't do this right even large ones and often
               | browsers if my memory serves right automatically put www
               | and .com on any single word typed by default. That said
               | yes, that should have worked, I just remember it not
               | working enough that it wasn't a normal or expected UX
               | pattern until Google and maybe even Chrome.
        
               | codezero wrote:
               | Should add that as I understood it the business model was
               | that sex.com resold front page space to affiliates that
               | were relevant to the search terms that led to their paid
               | listing being listed higher for a particular keyword.
               | That's how they could afford to bribe/partner with
               | portals/search engines pre-Google.
               | 
               | For context, squatters would often land you on some bad
               | sites and URI syntax was unforgiving, so it just isn't
               | something I remember most doing. There was a general
               | desire for simple branding on the off chance you can get
               | it typed in or printed on a business card or in an ad,
               | but it was not the common entry point.
               | 
               | Also of note: UX expectations back then didn't trust
               | typing into a box and seeing any result first - it really
               | was the solid ranking of Google results that made that UX
               | something browser vendors adopted or more cynically, that
               | Google pushed first with partnerships then with ownership
               | of Chrome.
        
               | hnlmorg wrote:
               | Pre-2000 porn was a wild ride. You were never more that 1
               | click away from crashing your computer under the weight
               | of a hundred pop ups!
        
               | codezero wrote:
               | And the implicit threat of your bank "outing" you via the
               | transaction if you try to cancel. I may be misremembering
               | but I felt like there was a good chance what I was
               | viewing legally may end up suddenly illegal with the way
               | online legislation was going in the late 90s, and I'm
               | talking just like laughably soft core stuff by comparison
               | to today, and that permeated the online porn business and
               | kept it seedy for a long time.
        
               | dialamac wrote:
               | No idea what you're talking about. There was the run up
               | to the communications decency act and obscenity
               | prosecutions but these were far more risky for the
               | peddlers, not the consumers (and some were prosecuted).
               | There was the old hilarious CP80 initiative by the
               | Mormons (with a nice tie-in to the SCO v Linux debacle)
               | but that never had any serious legs to stand on.
               | Meanwhile discreet billing for naughtiness predates the
               | internet and was especially notable in the days of 900
               | numbers - assuring discretion was pretty well stated.
               | Considering that child porn was essentially legal and you
               | could walk into adult stores in broad daylight on Times
               | Square not too long ago I think you are misremembering
               | things or probably too young for context.
               | 
               | What changed is the cultural mainstream acceptance.. that
               | something like PornHub can be a mainstream company. The
               | market itself was alive and well pretty much the day
               | after the movie camera left Menlo Park.
        
               | codezero wrote:
               | Probably an age thing I was a teen in the 90s and the
               | internet was the first and only place any porn
               | legislation/business was made aware to me.
        
               | Mauricebranagh wrote:
               | Back in the early days 94/95 people quite often used to
               | type single word domains just to see what was out there.
               | 
               | This is back when you could fire up mosaic and read the
               | what's new on the internet today :-)
        
               | Communitivity wrote:
               | I remember being on Tymnet and just trying addresses via
               | a program to see if I found anything. Most interesting
               | thing I found was a Fed Reserve address once (did not do
               | anything with that).
        
               | Mauricebranagh wrote:
               | I used to work for Tymnet the TEC in the UK :-)
               | 
               | People used to do that on the x.25 network to find
               | interesting sites.
        
             | drzaiusapelord wrote:
             | I remember that era pretty fondly and I don't ever recall
             | just typing in random URLs, except maybe jokey ones like
             | sex.com or fuck.com for kicks. We had Yahoo's search engine
             | at the time and worked well enough. And to a lesser extent
             | Lycos/Hotbot/Inktomi/DMOZ. The pre-Google web was pretty
             | interesting and a bit more sophisticated than gets credit
             | today. I also feel you were less likely to discover
             | retailers on the web randomly. You'd more than likely hear
             | about them first on the news or from friends and go from
             | there. I don't think it was common to just discover some
             | random e-tailer like we do today, put in our credit card,
             | and expect the package in a couple days. You learned about
             | Amazon from 60 minutes or your friend who subscribed to
             | Wired magazine or the guy at the software store, not from a
             | search engine.
             | 
             | I think the whole pets.com and travel.com is just the usual
             | marketing logic at work and not really related to the
             | limitation of search engines. Its just shady marketing
             | tricks, a bit like how we see the .biz and other gimmicky
             | tlds today.
        
               | devlopr wrote:
               | It was really common to type in random words as domains
               | expecting something. People would make mistakes so people
               | would buy domains with common spelling mistakes.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | Browsers also tried to autocomplete <word> as
               | www.<word>.com (and .net and .org, iirc) and send you
               | there if it resolved. At some point they switched to
               | sending you to search engines instead, but i bet there
               | are flags somewhere in Firefox' bowels that will still do
               | that for you if you really want.
        
               | kindall wrote:
               | Or you just hit Ctrl-Enter
        
               | mortenjorck wrote:
               | I have a random memory of the website at hanson.com
               | having a banner alerting visitors that the website of the
               | popular late-90s boy band was in fact at hansonline.com,
               | and that you would only find information about guitars
               | made by the Hanson company should you further browse the
               | site at which you currently found yourself.
               | 
               | Curiously, that domain now redirects to some concrete
               | company, Hanson guitars existing instead at hanson-
               | guitars.com.
        
               | jaredsohn wrote:
               | Even today, nissan.com is Nissan Computer rather than the
               | car company. Copyright 1994-2021.
        
             | NDizzle wrote:
             | The early internet, for me, was a 1-800 number BBS called
             | Starfire. It had a splash page to the "internet" section
             | that I'd assume was curated by the operator. This was
             | probably 94 and 95.
        
             | Zsolt wrote:
             | The first time I had the chance to use the internet I typed
             | in "whitehouse", hit enter and whitehouse.com loaded. It
             | turned out to be a porn site, the teacher saw and I got
             | banned from using the internet - in 40 seconds.
        
               | checkyoursudo wrote:
               | In late high school or maybe during college, my wife was
               | going to look for something at Dick's Sporting Goods by
               | navigating to a domain that any ordinary person might
               | expect. The result was not what she expected.
        
               | pbrb wrote:
               | LOL, I used to fuck with people by getting them to type
               | this into the browser. Unfortunately, these days it
               | actually takes you to Dick's Sporting Goods.
        
               | fma wrote:
               | I knew someone who tried to go to hotmail.com but went to
               | hotmale instead...
        
               | jdironman wrote:
               | White House was the first time I ever seen porn / naked
               | women. Cue me spending the next 6 months sneaking to load
               | the page on dialup all hours of the day. To be a kind
               | again. Now we have TBs of data but tend to be uncontent
               | sometimes.
        
               | rusk wrote:
               | Anybody ever type alta-vista.com by mistake? The search
               | engine had no hyphen, this address went to something else
               | ...
        
               | jdwithit wrote:
               | Heh, was about to post this one myself. My buddy got in
               | big trouble in the high school computer lab making this
               | typo. I wonder what percentage of domains in the late
               | 90's were simply "adult" sites trying to capture traffic
               | via typos. It certainly felt like a lot.
        
               | jstarfish wrote:
               | Then there was expertsexchange.com, which was always
               | bound to disappoint one of two demographics.
        
               | 11235813213455 wrote:
               | what search engine was the culprit?
        
               | divingdragon wrote:
               | Some browsers automatically "fix" addresses by appending
               | `.com` for you. I think even Firefox used to do that
               | until mid 2010s.
        
             | taeric wrote:
             | This begs the question of if things are better today. For
             | shopping, is it?
        
               | paxys wrote:
               | Absolutely. If you know what you want to buy, it takes
               | seconds to find the absolute cheapest place on the
               | internet to buy it. Then it's up to you to decide whether
               | you trust the site or not. Brand name helps with
               | perception, but definitely not discovery.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | > Brand name helps with perception
               | 
               | That used to be true with Amazon. Not anymore, not for
               | me. Now I have to decide if I trust and endless array of
               | 3rd party sellers. It is often just easier to buy from a
               | manufacturer's website since I know I'm getting the real
               | thing and it's not expired or otherwise screwed up. Maybe
               | I pay a few more bucks, but I'm ok with that for a lot of
               | things. (Exception: books and used)
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | It's always interesting to me how people on HN almost
               | universally have such poor experiences with Amazon. I've
               | had over 200(!!!) orders from Amazon last year alone and
               | didn't have any problems with any order. In fact when my
               | guaranteed next day delivery was late by a day they just
               | gave me a month of prime for free.
               | 
               | And every time I decide to buy directly from the
               | manufacturer I get punished - bought a Lenovo laptop
               | around September, laptop turned up with a broken screen.
               | Took over 3 weeks to get Lenovo UK to replace it and it
               | was an exercise in absolute frustration, I could write a
               | small essay about it. I was so upset at myself for not
               | buying it from Amazon - I know if I did and had the same
               | problem I would literally have a replacement posted to me
               | the following day without having to fill out a dozen
               | forms and spend hours on the phone with customer support.
        
               | withinboredom wrote:
               | I also prefer to order direct, if possible. If I think I
               | might need to return it, Amazon.com is the way to go (or
               | Bol.com for local stuff). It's always a pain to return to
               | the manufacturer, they're incentivized not to take back
               | the return while a retailer is incentivized to take it
               | back.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | Yeah. Direct retail is booming and so are established
               | small specialty bricks and mortar distribution and
               | retail. I spent $5k last month on clayking.com. They have
               | a central location and drop-ship a lot of stuff that
               | manufacturers aren't direct selling, yet. Same thing over
               | at theceramicshop.com and Bailey pottery.com. They are
               | all slammed and taking quite a while to fill
               | orders...manufacturers included.
        
               | ChrisRR wrote:
               | Amazon has just become an AliExpress reseller.
               | 
               | So many people are trying to get rich quick by buying
               | aliexpress stock, selling it through Amazon. There's just
               | so much crap on the website now
               | 
               | And being Chinese, most of it likely isn't even legal to
               | sell without a genuine CE mark
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | Right, but if you knew to that level of specificity back
               | then, search was just as good in most places. Now,
               | selection was lower, somewhat obviously.
               | 
               | As then, though, if you are not specific or willing to
               | lean on a name brand, search is effectively broken.
        
             | snowwrestler wrote:
             | Early search engines were pretty dumb and heavily weighted
             | on keywords, which a generic domain name helped with as
             | well.
             | 
             | Again, less of an issue now with more intelligent search
             | engines. (Although strong brands still tend to a get a lot
             | of traffic via searches on their name...)
        
               | avereveard wrote:
               | early on you went to directories
        
               | kls wrote:
               | And if you did not you where usually only 3 links away
               | from Goatse.cx .
        
             | WaitWaitWha wrote:
             | Hmmm... That is not how I remember it.
             | 
             | I could gopher topics by early 90's, and Infoseek, Yahoo,
             | WebCrawler, etc. were a full text search of pages by mid
             | 90's.
             | 
             | I distinctly recall searching usenet across multiple
             | servers.
             | 
             | Even before this, when data only flowed through uucp (or
             | Fido), search was albeit queued, readily available.
             | 
             | Your mileage may have varied; i just want to be clear that
             | it was not that it did not exist, but new-comers would have
             | a steeper learning curve. Today, it is expected, nay,
             | demanded as a human right to be able to search the entire
             | internet from a uniform and single klick search box. (yes,
             | old crotchety, "in my day..." :) )
             | 
             | (edit: misspelurating stuffage)
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Yes, the earliest directories / search engines worked
               | extremely well in large part because there minimal
               | content. When there where 7 knitting websites they don't
               | need to worry about SEO. It was only after the users
               | started getting hundreds of results for most searches
               | that search engines needed to worry about filtering and
               | prioritization.
        
               | usefulcat wrote:
               | The fact that you had even heard of gopher would have put
               | you in a very small minority of internet users once dial-
               | up internet access become relatively accessible (so,
               | post-1995ish or so).
        
               | autokad wrote:
               | another issue I don't see talked about much in these
               | comments is trust. Amazon had to develop a name that
               | people could trust. I remember when people would agonize
               | on whether to make a purchase because they were afraid
               | they would be scammed.
        
               | washadjeffmad wrote:
               | There were manual indexes for sure, but my very first
               | experience with the web was someone excitedly showing me
               | how they could dial in, open this web browser thing, and
               | then... nothing, because they didn't know any websites.
               | 
               | We typed in a few things, but it didn't go anywhere.
               | 
               | I remember he called the browser a "web crawler", which
               | was probably the search engine someone told him to use to
               | find sites. We had no idea.
               | 
               | Otherwise, I have a lot of memories exploring the web by
               | typing in words followed by TLDs and writing down the
               | interesting ones. It was another year or two before
               | aggregators cropped up, copying and returning the first
               | ten results of any manual index.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | > I could gopher topics by early 90's
               | 
               | So you weren't a normal, mainstream, new user to the
               | internet. You knew how to use it, you knew where to go to
               | search.
               | 
               | I was the same in the 90s (minus Gopher skills), I
               | learned about Yahoo, Altavista, Infoseek, etc. and became
               | a wizard to my friends and some relatives because I could
               | find things on the internet, didn't need to know the
               | website address beforehand or click somewhere in AOL.
               | 
               | It did exist, it just wasn't accessible and generally
               | available, nor it was a tool people knew how to use.
               | 
               | So domain names up to the early 2000s were pretty
               | important to capture the mainstream market, not the
               | Gophers.
        
               | vegesm wrote:
               | I remember my school ran a contest where you had to find
               | obscure information on the net. Things like when the
               | inventor of the saxophone was born? You had to submit an
               | URL so using the library was not an option. It was
               | insanely hard, nowadays it's just one wikipedia click
               | away.
        
               | blihp wrote:
               | Actually that was very normal for a new Internet user of
               | the time. In the _early_ 90 's there was no web as far as
               | the public was concerned so Yahoo (1994)/Altavista
               | (1995)/Infoseek (1994) did not exist yet. For users of
               | the pre-1993/1994 Internet, to use it you had to learn a
               | hodge-podge of protocols and software including UUCP,
               | gopher, FTP, telnet, NNTP etc. since that _was_ the
               | Internet back then. It wasn 't until online services like
               | AOL started providing web gateways (1995/6?) when
               | 'normal' people really started flooding onto the 'net and
               | it took a few years longer before there were useful web
               | frontends for the majority of services.
        
               | blueside wrote:
               | And it's been September ever since
        
               | Daho0n wrote:
               | That wasn't the average user and not even the average
               | computer geek. Most browsed webrings.
        
               | kevstev wrote:
               | As a smart but not necessarily brilliant teenager getting
               | on the web in mid-late 90s- Maybe Christmas 1996 I- well
               | my family really- got a computer that could get on the
               | internet, search engines were mediocre at best. I did
               | have a family friend come over who was an old hand at the
               | internet and knew all the tricks of the day- using
               | operators like AND, OR, NEAR, NOT etc- and he was able to
               | yield much higher quality results, but I was personally
               | never able to replicate his abilities.
               | 
               | Google and Pagerank changed all that, but up until then,
               | it was all very tricky and each search engine had its
               | niche- Yahoo with its directory, Ask Jeeves had a user
               | friendly interface, lycos and altavista had some niches
               | of their own as well that I can't quite recall- or maybe
               | they just each had brief shining moments in the sun. At
               | one point I had desktop software that was a meta crawler
               | that would enter a query into each one. The full text
               | searches on keywords that may or may not really be
               | relevant to what you wanted were really not all that
               | good.
        
               | josefx wrote:
               | I find it funny that you mention half a dozen ways to
               | search the web and everyone seems to be focusing on just
               | gopher because that is the only thing they can explain
               | away. Google must have dug up Steve Jobs reality
               | distortion field.
        
           | II2II wrote:
           | I wonder how much that was linked to trust? People were leery
           | about online shopping in the beginning, and a name like
           | books.com sounds a little too generic.
        
           | bryanmgreen wrote:
           | Speaking as someone who works for a company called
           | "BoardGameTables.com", we really like our obvious name.
           | 
           | Nothing wrong with something broad. We sell more than board
           | game tables, but everything is connected and it gets us a lot
           | of traffic and search juice.
           | 
           | With SEO getting so much money and attention dumped into it,
           | the usefulness has kind of come back around for a name like
           | this.
        
             | lfowles wrote:
             | > We sell more than board game tables
             | 
             | Had to check and verify that claim. I'm familiar with the
             | brand in general but had no idea!
        
             | andredz wrote:
             | I liked the website. You seem to have quite a few cool
             | products. :)
        
           | spoonjim wrote:
           | I don't think naming actually matters. In retrospect it seems
           | important. But names as bland as Facebook and as zany as
           | Yahoo! and as creepy as Tungle.Me have all succeeded.
        
           | littlecranky67 wrote:
           | One often overlooked fact is that fixed-price book policy of
           | a lot of countries (like here in Germany where we have it to
           | this day) helped amazon a lot. Books have a margin of around
           | 30% and - by law - you must sell them at a fixed price which
           | is the same in every bookstore in the country. That allowed
           | Amazon to offer free shipping, as the resulting margin was
           | still high enough.
           | 
           | And since you as a consumer have to pay the same price for a
           | book no matter where you buy it anyways, it became a lot
           | easier to just order a book online instead of driving to a
           | bookstore to collect it (oftentimes the shop had to order
           | them anyways and you had to come back a day later to pick it
           | up). Once Amazon was a serious player in the book business
           | with existing logistics, payment etc. it was an easy move for
           | them to expand to other products.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | It depends. facebook.com or messenger.com aren't super
           | memorable.
           | 
           | Microsoft also made it work by adding something else next to
           | the name. Microsoft Excel. Microsoft Outlook. Microsoft
           | Access.
        
             | oconnor663 wrote:
             | Fwiw, a "face book" is a thing you would get at Harvard
             | (and Yale and presumably lots of other schools too but I'm
             | not sure), kind of like a yearbook but at the start of
             | freshman year instead of the end. So for the earliest
             | thefacebook.com users, the name was actually familiar.
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_book
        
               | Mauricebranagh wrote:
               | Its a thing in all US high schools - so for US searchers
               | it would be very obvious
               | 
               | Back in the 70's in the UK one of our American teachers
               | mentioned then in our general studies class when we where
               | doing America one term - she refused to show us her entry
               | :-)
        
               | astura wrote:
               | No, definitely not a thing at "all US high schools."
               | 
               | I can believe it's a thing at really posh high schools
               | though.
        
               | infermore wrote:
               | It's definitely not a thing in all US high schools. I'm
               | pretty sure yearbooks are the thing most US high schools
               | have.
        
               | Mauricebranagh wrote:
               | Might be regional our American English Teacher was from
               | the posh east cost and a "facebook" was what she called
               | it.
        
             | ourcat wrote:
             | Also Microsoft's "Internet Explorer" at the time became so
             | popular due to the word 'Internet' compared to a
             | 'Netscape'. So many non-technical people just thought that
             | was the 'way in' when they bought their first PC.
        
               | eigenvalue wrote:
               | Is that the real reason? Being bundled with the OS as the
               | default browser for 95% of all computers seems like a
               | bigger driver!
        
               | eyelidlessness wrote:
               | Neither of those are the reason, speaking from experience
               | both as a family tech support and as a web dev. It's
               | because everyone recognized the big "e" icon. My brother
               | got my dad a Mac and he already knew the main browser was
               | Safari, but he still called me (knowing I had used Macs
               | for years longer) and just asked:
               | 
               | 1. What the hell is Safari (no kidding he didn't even say
               | hello).
               | 
               | 2. Can I use the Internet Explorer?
               | 
               | Edge now (correctly) accounts for this by... having a big
               | "e"-looking icon and basically otherwise being a skin
               | over Chromium.
        
               | mrunkel wrote:
               | I think you're confusing cause and effect here.
               | 
               | Yes, the `e` became synonymous with the Internet for a
               | lot of users, but that's only because of the two reasons
               | listed. Not the other way around.
        
               | goto11 wrote:
               | Internet Explorer became popular because it was bundled
               | with Windows.
        
               | slowmovintarget wrote:
               | At the time, IE was also dramatically faster than
               | Netscape Navigator, because it wasn't just bundled, it
               | was built in.
        
             | powersnail wrote:
             | I feel that the importance of optimizing brand name is
             | over-hyped. A lot of it is retrospective reasoning, arguing
             | why such name is good for popularity _after_ the brand
             | becomes popular.
        
               | skynet-9000 wrote:
               | I don't know, I was going to start an auction site with
               | the memorable name "eBay", but then someone beat me to
               | it.
               | 
               | (Counterpoint: it _is_ pretty short and pronounceable..)
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | Legend says Steve Jobs told his two cofounders, who were
               | scratching their heads over an innovative name, that if
               | they didn't find a name within 24hrs he would incorporate
               | as Apple.
               | 
               | Which is good enough and no reason to hold up the whole
               | process for a decent name.
        
               | 908B64B197 wrote:
               | It's also in front of Atari in the phonebook.
        
             | ryantgtg wrote:
             | Plus, wasn't the default Android sms/mms client once called
             | Messenger? So, not only not memorable, but also confusingly
             | generic.
        
             | varenc wrote:
             | Facebook was founded a decade after Amazon. 2004 vs 1994.
             | Google was already dominate and it IPO'd the same year.
             | They're both old at this point but Amazon is in a whole
             | different class of "early internet".
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | People still think you need the most generic name possible,
           | they just don't understand that the reason
           | QuantumSpiritualCrystals.com was still available is that it
           | wasn't generic.
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure Books.com is just as memorable as Amazon.com,
           | what matters is the execution.
        
           | einpoklum wrote:
           | I don't know about you, but I would go by books at books.com
           | - or rather, I would if I were in the US.
           | 
           | By the way, books.com redirects to barnesandnoble.com
        
           | MisterTea wrote:
           | The irony is domains like books.com sounded like a sure
           | winner but that only works for books. How would Jeff be doing
           | today if he ran books.com and just sold ... books.
           | bookswebservice (BWS) doesn't have that same ring to it.
        
             | felipelemos wrote:
             | And you can't have a copyright in that name, specially if
             | you are selling books.
        
               | dialamac wrote:
               | Names are not copyrightable in any case. You mean
               | trademark.
        
             | treis wrote:
             | In retrospect the idea of selling everything online was the
             | first great idea. Even if it was a bit of rehash of Sears I
             | think they were the only one that had that vision.
             | 
             | Second great idea was free 2 day shipping with Prime. Great
             | for their cash flow and customer retention.
             | 
             | Third great idea was AWS.
             | 
             | Still TBD are advertising and the marketplace. They make a
             | lot of money but at the long term risk of customer
             | satisfaction.
             | 
             | Also TBD are the media plays (Twitch, video,music,.etc.).
             | Not clear if they will ever make money.
        
               | sharkweek wrote:
               | For fun... what are the major "bad" plays they've made?
               | 
               | The phone is probably the first that comes to mind.
               | 
               | That big MMO they tried to release was pretty bad.
               | 
               | I'm gonna try and predict the future and suggest their
               | LotR original series will be bad.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | The phone is the most notable miss.
               | 
               | They've also made a clone of pretty much every other
               | ecommerce site without any real successes.
        
               | swiftcoder wrote:
               | Eh? The MMO seems to be doing ok in pre-release. It was
               | the MOBA that bombed hard.
        
               | sharkweek wrote:
               | Ah that might be what I was thinking of, haven't played
               | either.
        
               | wyclif wrote:
               | _We are firing on all cylinders_
               | 
               | And yet, reviews are still horribly broken and have been
               | for years. Also counterfeit products and books are
               | everywhere on the site.
               | 
               | Amazon is going to have to fix those hugely important
               | things before I'll buy the Kool-Aid that they're "firing
               | on all cylinders", which is just CEO pep talk.
        
               | deaddodo wrote:
               | The marketplace makes me use Amazon less now. I don't
               | care if there are 40 5v-DC power bricks and 10 of them
               | are 10% cheaper. I care about vetted products and the
               | confidence I'm buying the product I'm looking for.
        
               | geogra4 wrote:
               | Honestly for little stuff like that I'd rather go
               | straight to the source from aliexpress than bother with
               | Amazon as the middleman
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | The media part could be about owning the consumer, even
               | at a loss, or owning the providers, or preventing Google
               | from approaching the user login market to tight, etc.
        
             | yoube wrote:
             | BWS is actually an Australian liquor store brand. Beer-
             | Wine-Spirits. Memorable enough once you get used to it as
             | well.
        
           | standardUser wrote:
           | I've always hated the name, though I obviously can't argue
           | against its efficacy. The Amazon river and rainforest are
           | symbolically and literally among the most significant
           | features of our natural world. Now, it's better known as the
           | name of a company that can send us every kind of new junk to
           | replace our old junk.
        
         | jacobwal wrote:
         | Hadn't heard the documentary story, thanks for sharing!
         | 
         | Were there any choices in the first few years that you think
         | made a particularly big difference in setting Amazon up for
         | what it is today? Anything you're particularly proud of that
         | you did there?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lalwanivikas wrote:
         | > He is also an ultra-marathon and touring cyclist. Some
         | excellent accomplishments have included the 298 mile Cannonball
         | in 14:01, and a five-week tandem camping tour from Amsterdam to
         | Athens.
         | 
         | Got this from your Wiki entry. Hats off to you dear sir!
        
         | warent wrote:
         | Out of curiosity has it ever seemed to you that Amazon's
         | success changed Jeff? Or has he always been largely the same
         | person you knew from the start?
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | I haven't communicated with Jeff for more than 20 years. His
           | public persona seems largely consonant with the person I knew
           | 27 years ago.
        
             | thecupisblue wrote:
             | I'd imagine you'd pour beer with him and tell old war
             | stories. Why not say hi? I bet he'll have more time for it
             | now :)
        
             | xtracto wrote:
             | That's kind of sad. I feel somewhat related to this: I was
             | 1st developer of a startup (outside of the US) and at that
             | time I was super close to the CEO. After leaving we kind of
             | grew appart which is a bit sad because I consider him a
             | really good person, and I still own stock in the startup.
             | Of course, absolutely nothing compared to Amazon (hopefully
             | at some point it will... we always said that we wanted to
             | be the Amazon of Financial services)
        
         | rabidonrails wrote:
         | I think it's probably lost on a number of people who you are
         | (even though you call it out).
        
           | GreenWatermelon wrote:
           | This is my first time hearing about him.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Davis_(programmer)
        
         | SEJeff wrote:
         | Thanks for the candid comment :)
         | 
         | Also, hello mr famous internet person:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Davis_(programmer)
        
           | pjfin123 wrote:
           | Oh wow JACK and Ardour are awesome, didn't know about the
           | Amazon connection
        
             | exikyut wrote:
             | It says "[Paul] went on to fund the development of" those
             | two projects. That's interesting; I wonder how that worked?
             | 
             | Ah, for the day someone figures out the Amazon of funding
             | open source software...
        
           | toyg wrote:
           | Sometimes I think I'm wasting time on HN, then a comment like
           | that comes around and it makes it all worth it.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | erikbye wrote:
         | A couple of Paul Davis' submissions on HN deserve more
         | discussion. Especially relevant to open source.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/submitted?id=PaulDavisThe1st
        
         | ma2rten wrote:
         | Do you have any interesting anecdotes from your time at amazon?
        
         | WallyBalls wrote:
         | To be fair, "Sears for the 21st century" is not what Amazon is
         | today. It's a whole lot more than that. And that does seem to
         | have grown over time. Stuff like AWS and Alexa and all of that.
         | That's likely what he's referring to.
        
         | simonebrunozzi wrote:
         | > His lawyer had already turned up his nose at "Cadabra"
         | 
         | True. I've heard (employee #20k-something, joined in early
         | 2008) that the issue with Cadabra was its resemblance to the
         | sound of the word "cadaver".
        
           | jasoncrawford wrote:
           | I heard the same story (I joined in 2004). The version I
           | heard was that Jeff was driving cross-country NY -> Seattle
           | and was on the phone with his lawyer about incorporation
           | papers, and the lawyer misheard "Cadabra" as "Cadaver".
           | That's when Jeff knew he needed a better name.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | This instantly reminded me of the story about Microsoft
             | posting a dev a dead fish.
             | 
             | https://olhardigital.com.br/en/2020/05/23/news/the-
             | strange-s...
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | This is not the most interesting story about Scott
               | Forstall and Microsoft. Did you know he invented WordArt?
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/natbro/status/1339600779531833344
        
             | eneveu wrote:
             | Indeed, Jeff talks about it in this 2001 interview :
             | https://youtu.be/p7FgXSoqfnI?t=7m05s
        
           | gxqoz wrote:
           | It's also harder to spell. Some people are going to put an
           | extra d or b in there. Maybe get a vowel wrong.
        
         | xibalba wrote:
         | > It had a name, and that name was "Cadabra".
         | 
         | Lol, so your take is that you have a better handle on the
         | history of Amazon than its founder? He is likely referring to a
         | point in time when Amazon was just an idea.
        
           | read_if_gay_ wrote:
           | The second employee is probably actually more trustworthy
           | than PR signed by the founder.
        
           | meepmorp wrote:
           | >> ps. amazon employee #2
           | 
           | You know, there's actually a pretty good chance that he's not
           | pulling this out of his ass.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | herpderperator wrote:
           | https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-jeff-bezos-chose-
           | comp...
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | This story is incorrect. I don't know how Brad Stone could
             | have got this wrong, because I told him the actual origin
             | of the name. It did not come from looking up words in a
             | dictionary. It came from a documentary that Jeff watched
             | about the Amazon river. The concept that particular stuck
             | with him was that the Amazon is not just the biggest river
             | in the world, but is 10x larger than the next largest
             | river. In addition to the alphabetic sorting benefits of
             | the name (important back then), Jeff _loved_ the size
             | metaphor.
        
         | narcissismo wrote:
         | Whose idea was it to put a sketch of a penis underneath the
         | word 'Amazon'?
         | 
         | That logo is brilliant.
        
           | snickms wrote:
           | Lately I've seen boxes marked with just the penis - no
           | 'Amazon' at all.
        
         | newbie578 wrote:
         | Oh wow, so awesome to see someone like this. You are basically
         | part of history. I just want to ask two things if it is
         | alright.
         | 
         | 1) Any cool anecdotes from Amazon that you can tell?
         | 
         | 2) Any advice you have for young entrepreneurs looking to
         | uproar an industry?
        
         | loosetypes wrote:
         | > the idea didn't grow over time
         | 
         | I always find retrospective and hypothetical discussions of
         | idea genesis and maturation fascinating.
         | 
         | Amazon retail aside, I wonder if you (or anyone else) would be
         | willing to give perspective on AWS:
         | 
         | Was it similarly fully formed on conception?
         | 
         | I've heard the (potentially stylized) stories about holiday
         | traffic bursts, selling off-season compute to startups, etc.
         | 
         | But assuming AWS the idea did need to grow with increased
         | perspective, the times, and experience - do you think AWS could
         | have become what it is today if that had been the goal from the
         | onset?
        
           | ayewo wrote:
           | There was a large thread recently [0] where Paul already
           | answered a similar question. He had left (Jan 1996)[1], long
           | before AWS became a thing.
           | 
           | 0: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25693618
           | 
           | 1: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25697941
        
           | hn2fast wrote:
           | Yeah, I imagine that managing one's expectations is the most
           | vital at the formation stages, which could be what is meant.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | zuhayeer wrote:
       | "If you get it right, a few years after a surprising invention,
       | the new thing has become normal. People yawn. And that yawn is
       | the greatest compliment an inventor can receive."
        
       | annadane wrote:
       | "btw fuck your unions lol"
        
       | lookalike74 wrote:
       | (Email from Jeff Bezos to everyone in corporate because the
       | larger culture in Amazon is nothing like this)
        
         | CryptoGhost wrote:
         | They sent the email to literally everyone, even people without
         | amazon email accounts through the employment website but yeah
         | you are right. There is a caste system within Amazon that even
         | working out of corp office or having a tech job won't save you
         | from.
        
       | hehehaha wrote:
       | I like that Jassy is taking over. He really helped transform the
       | world with AWS and Bezos' stubbornness to keep failing is what
       | allowed that business to grow.
        
       | codeulike wrote:
       | When he talks about 'invention' he means inventing new ways to
       | trick people into accidentally signing up for Amazon Prime
        
       | hit8run wrote:
       | Just split up that monopoly. Amazon is not a success story it's a
       | fail story for market regulation.
        
       | ceilingcorner wrote:
       | _As Exec Chair I will stay engaged in important Amazon
       | initiatives but also have the time and energy I need to focus on
       | the Day 1 Fund, the Bezos Earth Fund, Blue Origin, The Washington
       | Post, and my other passions. I've never had more energy, and this
       | isn't about retiring. I'm super passionate about the impact I
       | think these organizations can have._
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | Amazon Mobility?
        
       | wheybags wrote:
       | > I don't know of another company with an invention track record
       | as good as Amazon's
       | 
       | Come on man, that's just bs. From wikipedia:
       | 
       | > Researchers working at Bell Labs are credited with the
       | development of radio astronomy, the transistor, the laser, the
       | photovoltaic cell, the charge-coupled device (CCD), information
       | theory, the Unix operating system, and the programming languages
       | B, C, C++, S, SNOBOL, AWK, AMPL, and others. Nine Nobel Prizes
       | have been awarded for work completed at Bell Laboratories.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | Also, XEROX. Invented the laser printer, the mouse, and the
         | GUI. Those are a _bit_ more significant than one-click
         | checkout...
        
         | rajansaini wrote:
         | Didn't Yann LeCun do important work on CNNs there as well?
        
           | lr1970 wrote:
           | Yes, this was after ma Bell was broken up and Yann ended up
           | in the AT&T Research. And then AT&T management closed the
           | whole project. Glory days of Bell Labs are all in the distant
           | past, unfortunately.
        
         | simonebrunozzi wrote:
         | Upvoted; and thanks for sharing these details. They might be
         | obvious for you, but I had only a limited knowledge of all that
         | innovation happening at Bell Labs.
        
           | wheybags wrote:
           | You're in today's lucky 10,000 (https://xkcd.com/1053/) :)
        
             | orthecreedence wrote:
             | Otherwise known as a blind spot: https://memestatic1.fjcdn.
             | com/comments/Heckifiknowcomicscomp...
        
           | nomercy400 wrote:
           | Lucent Technologies once made a video, with many of Bell
           | Labs' inventions, captured in a song.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFfdnFOiXUU
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | And Amazon has great inventions like... the fire phone.
        
           | whalesalad wrote:
           | Don't forget the dash button to replenish charmin ultra at
           | the snap of a finger.
        
             | hashkb wrote:
             | But not fast enough for emergencies.
        
           | julesFromPulp wrote:
           | Amazon hardware always seems like it has been a means to and
           | end. That end being buying stuff off amazon.
        
           | hodgesrm wrote:
           | Plus...
           | 
           | * public cloud computing -- Amazon got it to work in a
           | scalable and secure way.
           | 
           | * S3 object storage
           | 
           | * Dynamo -- A distributed, key-value store that ended up in
           | products from S3 to Cassandra
           | 
           | * Redshift -- First cloud SQL data warehouse with ground-
           | breaking ease of use
           | 
           | * RDS -- Cloud relational databases
           | 
           | * Amazon Aurora -- Relational DBMS that pushes the log and
           | store into a virtualized, replicated storage layer
           | 
           | They've been particularly innovative in applications related
           | to data.
        
             | 93po wrote:
             | Crediting amazon for "public cloud computing" is pretty
             | ridiculous. Managed VPS services were a thing when Amazon
             | was still a book store.
             | 
             | Yes, Amazon's services make things easier and in some
             | instances cheaper. None of it was really inventive, though,
             | and definitely not comparable to the list of Bell
             | inventions.
        
           | vishnugupta wrote:
           | Amazon has had (and continues to have) its share of failed
           | products, a very lot of them in fact. But then that's just
           | how they operate[1]. Given their DNA they wouldn't have been
           | where they are without those failed experiments. One could
           | argue it's just one of those PR angles. But it's not. My last
           | stint at Amazon was in Kindle tablet team. And boy did they
           | experiment with hardware! ~2012 was the year when Amazon made
           | a conscious choice to enter the hardware market to complement
           | their AWS offering. There were close to a dozen devices being
           | worked upon at that time. I think about 5-6 of them failed,
           | some didn't even launch. But then, Eco succeeded and how! And
           | now just look at the hardware devices they have launched.
           | 
           | I tend to look at Amazon and Apple and wonder. Both of them
           | are valued at trillion dollars but the path couldn't have
           | been more different. Apple being very deliberate, very long
           | term, sometimes decade or more long, planning. Amazon on the
           | other hand, hundreds of experiments, most fail and some
           | succeed spectacularly. I remember an Amazon exec comparing
           | these experiments to Cambrian explosion and I think it
           | beautifully captures Amazon's DNA.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/dec/03/jeff-
           | bezo...
        
             | 93po wrote:
             | Echo came years after Google Now and Siri and Cortana.
             | Taking years old concepts and putting them into a speaker
             | isn't really that inventive. No one is getting a Nobel
             | prize for the Echo.
        
         | runarberg wrote:
         | Worth noting also is the _company_ qualifier. To exclude
         | universities from innovations seems arbitrary. Another line of
         | attack is asking how much profit Amazon got from these
         | innovation vs. how much they paid back to the various education
         | systems that produced the skilled labor required.
         | 
         | Jeff Bezos bragging about this is for sure illustrative of the
         | dissonance billionaires have over the value of their companies.
        
           | Green_man wrote:
           | Or maybe he said "company" because Amazon is one, and isn't a
           | university. While an interesting conversation could be had
           | about large companies/small companies/university/individual
           | contributions to progress and invention, Bezos isn't
           | necessarily having that conversation, and certainly isn't
           | obliged to contextualize Amazon's achievements that way.
        
         | dgs_sgd wrote:
         | I can't be the only one who read "Come on man" in Joe Biden's
         | voice.
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | Yeah, that quote is management hyperbole at its best. I
         | wouldn't even call what Amazon does "invention", maybe
         | "innovation" - but Ok, you have to call it "invention" if you
         | want to patent it, like the (in)famous "one-click patent".
        
           | getlawgdon wrote:
           | Invention is the lower rung. ATT is the much more inventive +
           | innovative company. Innovation disrupts/transforms. Invention
           | sparks anew. In fact, what makes Amazon so wildly successful
           | is not even particularly inventive but optimization driven.
        
         | sib wrote:
         | Not to be difficult, but how many of those were invented in the
         | past 27 years? Bell Labs is (barely even) a shadow of its
         | former self.
         | 
         | If you want to read a great book about when Bell Labs was
         | really Bell Labs:
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/dp/B005GSZIWG/
        
           | vvanpo wrote:
           | Jeff said
           | 
           | > I don't know of another company
           | 
           | He didn't say _contemporary_ company.
        
             | denysvitali wrote:
             | Well, maybe he is right, he might not be aware of Bell Labs
             | or he might have forgot about it before typing that email
        
               | pwinnski wrote:
               | Or, and hear me out here, he might have lied.
               | 
               | It's funny how many people on this page are having
               | trouble acknowledging that this is a prevaricating puff
               | piece. He wants to tell a story of his success, and leave
               | in a way that doesn't tank the stock. So he lies a bit
               | about the origin of the company, lies a bit more about
               | their accomplishments, and so on.
        
               | denysvitali wrote:
               | I should have added a /s
               | 
               | I'm not protecting him, this is more like a PR stunt
               | rather than a letter to his employees. Given the history,
               | I can safely say that he might not care _that much_ as
               | shown in this open letter
        
           | arp242 wrote:
           | There are quite a few caveats with all of the items he lists:
           | 
           | > We pioneered customer reviews, 1-Click, personalized
           | recommendations, Prime's insanely-fast shipping, Just Walk
           | Out shopping, the Climate Pledge, Kindle, Alexa, marketplace,
           | infrastructure cloud computing, Career Choice, and much more.
           | 
           | 1-click was hardly an "invention" IMO, the Kindle was "just
           | another e-book reader" (arguably the best, but they did not
           | "invent" the concept), Alexa is a Siri clone, and so forth.
           | 
           | Only "infrastructure cloud computing" is something there
           | Amazon really took the lead and invented stuff. Not a small
           | thing, but also hardly worthy of the bold claim in the
           | article. Google, Apple, Microsoft, Sun, and many other
           | companies seem to have done more invention than Amazon.
        
             | goatinaboat wrote:
             | _Only "infrastructure cloud computing" is something there
             | Amazon really took the lead and invented stuff. Not a small
             | thing, but also hardly worthy of the bold claim in the
             | article. Google, Apple, Microsoft, Sun, and many other
             | companies seem to have done more invention than Amazon._
             | 
             | Amazon's secret sauce is in their operational efficiencies
             | and logistics. AWS is great but utility computing
             | conceptually it's a mainframe bureau from the 1970s.
        
             | newswasboring wrote:
             | I think we should not discount "Prime's insanely fast
             | shipping". That is an amalgamation of several innovations
             | and has truly changed the world.
             | 
             | Of course, all this if Amazon has actually invented that
             | and I am not just misinformed.
        
             | rob74 wrote:
             | > 1-click was hardly an "invention" IMO
             | 
             | Well, it is according to the US Patent Office
             | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-Click#Patent), and
             | unfortunately that's the only opinion that counts in this
             | case (at least as far as the US is concerned)
        
             | garyrob wrote:
             | They did NOT pioneer personalized recommendations. Believe
             | me, I know, because out-of-the-blue I got a phone call from
             | Jeff Bezos back in the day, who was interested in my pre-
             | existing recommendation technology. They didn't have any.
             | In the end they got it from a company called Net
             | Perceptions. Eventually they built their own, but the
             | technology was firmly established all over the place by
             | then.
        
             | cachvico wrote:
             | Indeed, 1-click remains the most egregious land grab of the
             | web yet.
             | 
             | "I'm going to patent shopping".
        
           | getlawgdon wrote:
           | Bezons didn't say "recently." He said he didn't know of
           | another." That includes any/all. And it is bloviation.
        
         | Aperocky wrote:
         | It's too bad that as soon as AT&T gets to commercialize the lab
         | it ran it to the ground.
         | 
         | Previously, the lab was protected by an agreement between the
         | US and AT&T where AT&T has a lawful monopoly but there were
         | only so much it can earn and X% will always go to fundamental
         | research, and that's why the lab was so successful.
         | 
         | That all changed when the federal government decided to break
         | AT&T up in 1983. The for profit baby bells had no incentive to
         | keep the lab and they proceeded to ruin it.
        
           | pasquinelli wrote:
           | The profit motive spurs innovation.
        
             | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
             | This assumes peopleare only motivated by greed. That's
             | wrong. In the current class climate it would be fair to say
             | that desperation is feeding innovation. Whether peoplecan
             | be a more innovative when they're not desperate, stressed
             | out, overworked, and surrounded by people worse off than
             | them is a fair question but I suspect that's not where you
             | were going.
             | 
             | Anecdotally, I'm not a fraction creative or innovative when
             | I'm desperate. My risk tolerance increases but that's a
             | disingenuous measure of innovation.
        
               | woobilicious wrote:
               | The conflation of greed and profit is disingenuous.
               | 
               | profit, or economic surplus is a requirement for
               | innovation, doesn't matter if it's private, or public
               | spending, what matters is that day to day costs to
               | operate a business or society at large are met before
               | money is spent on risky R&D.
               | 
               | Every rational entity does this, you take your revenue,
               | and spend it on necessities to sustain yourself (like
               | food and shelter), sustain your income (transport etc),
               | and then only spend the surplus on higher risk items
               | (stocks, vacation, luxury foods etc).
               | 
               | If you were on an island, and grew your own food, I
               | assume you would also follow the profit motive, keeping a
               | healthy excess in production for a drought or taking
               | Sunday off to relax, or fixing your dwelling.
               | 
               | We can have a rational discussion about how a company and
               | society at large distributes it's profits, whether it's
               | internally back to employees, R&D or explicit focusing on
               | shareholder value, or using taxes to fund R&D.
               | 
               | But what I assume most people have a problem with is not
               | economic profit, but prioritizing excessive shareholder
               | profit, over everything else. Using shareholder value as
               | an excuse to ignore the real needs of your employees or
               | customers, or even the long term sustainability of the
               | company.
               | 
               | We also have to remember that value is subjective, and
               | when economists talk about profit, they're talking about
               | something subjective. someone who collects stamps for
               | fun, is profitable if they maintain a surplus of stamps.
               | Just like one might buy GME stock to gain in something
               | like social capital.
        
             | Ma8ee wrote:
             | That might be one of many things they spurs innovation, but
             | the neoliberal idea that greed is the only human impulse
             | that matters is false, primitive, and very sad.
        
           | closeparen wrote:
           | Bell Labs levels of excellence don't normally show up in
           | projects that are just for compliance or government
           | relations. This can't be the whole story.
        
             | Aperocky wrote:
             | Bell Labs are also ran by the scientists themselves, with
             | AT&T largely not caring because it has to spend that money
             | anyways.
             | 
             | You can get a good grip of what's going on in the lab in
             | Brian Kernighan's <Unix, A history and a memoir>. It's a
             | good read.
        
             | pjmorris wrote:
             | I once attended a talk by Ron Graham (mathematician who'd
             | once worked at Bell Labs) where he explained that they had
             | applied graph theory to minimize the distance of cable runs
             | to minimize the amount of copper they had to buy.
             | 
             | And, transistors are certainly cheaper and more reliable
             | than the vacuum tubes they replaced.
             | 
             | Economics is still a factor in regulated environments.
        
             | jacobolus wrote:
             | For an idea about telecom monopolies, read Tim Wu's book
             | _The Master Switch_.
        
         | avrionov wrote:
         | IBM also has 5 Nobel prize winners, but this was different
         | time. I don't think we'll see it again.
        
           | pjmorris wrote:
           | And IBM invented the hard drive, (arguably) computer product
           | lines, the relational database, and standardized the 8-bit
           | byte. Pretty sure I'm leaving stuff out. They're not quite
           | Bell Labs, but they're incredibly influential.
        
             | newswasboring wrote:
             | I always find it surprising that things we take for granted
             | today needed to be standardized. Like I can't even imagine
             | computers not using a 8 bit byte.
        
               | tim333 wrote:
               | First computer I used had 36 bit bytes (PDP-10)
        
               | tgv wrote:
               | Nitpick: they were called words.
        
               | TheTrotters wrote:
               | Some mentioned to me recently that most teenagers may
               | have never used a non-touch phone. It's obvious to them
               | that iPhones and iPads are around and work the way they
               | do.
               | 
               | But I still remember first using the iPhone 3G in 2008
               | and how it felt like magic to control a device with my
               | fingers, to zoom into a photo with a simple gesture.
               | 
               | I wonder what technology will make them (and me too!)
               | feel like this. Perhaps an electric car? I've never
               | driven (or even been in one) but from what I hear they're
               | much quieter. Maybe it'll feel like magic if I ever get
               | one.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | I remember going to the Expo in Spokane in 1974. AT&T had
               | a booth there, where you could dial the same number on a
               | rotary phone and a touch-tone phone, and it would time
               | you so you could see how much faster touch tone was. As a
               | 12-year-old kid, that was my "meet the future of the
               | phone" moment.
        
       | underseacables wrote:
       | At some point you just have so much money that continue working
       | full-time doesn't really make much sense
        
       | nodesocket wrote:
       | I am shocked Amazon stock in after hours is actually up on this
       | news. I would have expected Bezos stepping down as CEO would be a
       | negative.
        
         | corin_ wrote:
         | They announced quarterly earnings of literally double what
         | analysts were expecting at the same time, which would have sent
         | the stock to a bigger rise had it not been balanced by his
         | news.
        
       | Dig1t wrote:
       | Hopefully this will precipitate a change in how engineers are
       | treated? Maybe they'll be nicer to their employees and/or stop
       | the practice of arbitrarily culling large portions of engineering
       | talent..
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | "The king is dead, long live the king!"
        
       | dr_dshiv wrote:
       | I remember meeting Jeff over snacks at the O'Reilly Etech
       | conference in 2003. We talked about art, if I recall...
        
       | jzer0cool wrote:
       | I still have the very first book I bought from Amazon when they
       | were a very young company. Not too many choices. I bought
       | "Relativity : the Special and General Theory" - Einstein.
       | 
       | Decades later. We see in fact they are "to the moon" financially
       | and with Blue Origin. Well played. Well played.
        
         | pjmorris wrote:
         | Same here. In 1998, my aunt recommended I read 'The Call' by
         | John Hersey. Local bookstores didn't have it, Amazon did.
        
       | xkgt wrote:
       | Given the recent discussions in hn on how Intel's fortunes
       | declined under Bob Swan, it is interesting to note that Andy
       | Jassy is also from a non-technical background. Same can be said
       | about Jeff Bezos.
       | 
       | Perhaps tech vs non-tech background is not that important a
       | factor for being a successful leader of technology company. Or
       | can we say that Amazon/AWS and Intel are different kinds of
       | organization based on their core competencies?
        
         | agnosticmantis wrote:
         | Doesn't Bezos have degrees in EE and CS?
        
           | xkgt wrote:
           | Sorry, yes you are right.
        
       | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
       | Musk made his initial money at PayPal and then went on to do much
       | weirder stuff. I wonder what kind of weird stuff we can expect
       | from Bezos, having secured Amazon-scale seed money for it.
        
         | the_duke wrote:
         | He's already pumping a billion a year into Blue Origin, which
         | incidentally has quite a few management issues.
         | 
         | So that would be a logical step, although I'm doubtful how
         | effective the Amazon principles would be for spaceflight.
        
       | maverickJ wrote:
       | Love him or hate him, Jeff Bezos has been a legendary figure in
       | the world of business for over 25 years now. His focus on the
       | long term has led to the tremendous success Amazon has undergone.
       | 
       | When he started selling just books, he was laughed at by some
       | people; but he had a why behind starting off with books. One
       | thing is certain, Bezos has stayed consistent on his principles.
       | His annual letters to his shareholders contain a lot of business
       | wisdom.
       | 
       | I wrote about him covering the theme: Thinking as a means of
       | leverage in https://leveragethoughts.substack.com/p/jeff-bezos-
       | amazon-an...
        
         | tomcam wrote:
         | I was there as a developer and a consumer. I don't remember
         | anyone laughing at him for selling books. It was an obvious
         | play to most of us.
        
           | maverickJ wrote:
           | There were those who saw his play. However there was another
           | group of people that wondered the Amazon approach at that
           | time.
        
           | bhupy wrote:
           | Obviously Amazon employees would be bought in. It was people
           | on the outside that laughed at him: https://twitter.com/jimpe
           | thokoukis/status/123124591376463872...
        
           | mr_toad wrote:
           | Back before the .com crash Amazon was one of the few .coms
           | with an actual business plan.
        
         | chrshawkes wrote:
         | BS dude. He wasn't laughed at. The man went to Princeton. Right
         | next to other billionaires like Andy Florence. His family was
         | rich etc... He was already a millionaire. It's not a rags-to-
         | riches story by any stretch.
        
           | earthtobishop wrote:
           | I always find comments like this interesting. This is similar
           | to the comments I see whenever anyone says something remotely
           | nice about a wealthy person on HN. What does going to
           | Princeton have anything to do with being laughed at for
           | selling books on the internet ? Who claimed he had a rags-to-
           | riches story ? It oozes insecurity and envy.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | He went to Princeton because he was smart, not because his
           | family was rich. It isn't a school of billionaires or
           | something. The majority of Ivy League enrollment is regular
           | kids from working class families. They all have the best
           | need-based scholarship programs in the country.
           | 
           | His dad was a Cuban immigrant who worked as an engineer at
           | Exxon.
        
             | yashap wrote:
             | I don't disagree that he is/was super smart (and
             | hardworking), but he came from a fairly wealthy family too.
             | When he was starting Amazon, his parents invested $300,000
             | to help get it off the ground. You don't have $300K to pour
             | into your son's startup if you aren't wealthy. Also, when
             | he was growing up his maternal grandparents owned a 25,000
             | acre ranch in Texas, which suggests significant wealth too.
             | From what I understand his family wasn't ultra wealthy, but
             | they were well off.
             | 
             | Creating a mega-successful company is extremely difficult.
             | Most people who do so are incredibly smart, incredibly hard
             | working, got very lucky with the idea they chose to pursue
             | (right place, right time), AND come from a wealthy family
             | that can invest in their idea and make it feel like much
             | less of a risk to found a company. Bezos fits all of these
             | criteria, as do most successful tech founders.
        
               | xxpor wrote:
               | I seem to remember some study (probably on the front page
               | here) that the most successful people usually don't come
               | from Wealthy with a capital W or poor backgrounds,
               | because in both cases there usually isn't the parental
               | involvement in people's lives needed to instill the right
               | values. This isn't a criticism of poor parents btw, it's
               | just a fact of life for most of them because they're out
               | there surviving.
               | 
               | The most successful people on average have upper middle
               | class/rich but not titan of industries parents. Rich
               | enough that they have time to spend with their kids, pay
               | for tutoring, that sort of stuff, but not rich enough to
               | have the nanny raise the kid.
        
               | yashap wrote:
               | I haven't read the study, but that certainly seems
               | believable and reasonable to me.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | Note mentioning that "smart" in this context usually
               | means "able to get a large return on investment". Making
               | it a redundant trait description.
               | 
               | "Good at business" is a better description. But people
               | aren't normally satisfied with calling billionaires "good
               | at business" so they add this glittering "smart", as if
               | he is somehow a better person then you or I, which is a
               | ridiculous statement.
        
               | yashap wrote:
               | From his Wikipedia page:
               | 
               | > _He was high school valedictorian, a National Merit
               | Scholar, and a Silver Knight Award winner in 1982._
               | 
               | > _... In 1986, he graduated summa cum laude from
               | Princeton University with a 4.2 GPA and a Bachelor of
               | Science in Engineering degree (B.S.E.) in electrical
               | engineering and computer science_
               | 
               | > _... After Bezos graduated from Princeton University in
               | 1986, he was offered jobs at Intel, Bell Labs, and
               | Andersen Consulting, among others. He first worked at
               | Fitel, a fintech telecommunications start-up, where he
               | was tasked with building a network for international
               | trade. Bezos was promoted to head of development and
               | director of customer service thereafter. He transitioned
               | into the banking industry when he became a product
               | manager at Bankers Trust. He worked there from 1988 to
               | 1990. He then joined D. E. Shaw & Co, a newly founded
               | hedge fund with a strong emphasis on mathematical
               | modelling in 1990 and worked there until 1994. Bezos
               | became D. E. Shaw's fourth senior vice-president at the
               | age of 30._
               | 
               | Yes, he's very good at business, but he's clearly very
               | "book smart" too.
        
             | solipsism wrote:
             | > The majority of Ivy League enrollment is regular kids
             | from working class families
             | 
             | HN does so much moderation, with dang slapping people for
             | being nasty. Why is obvious, egregious misinformation like
             | this not subject to moderation?
        
               | vixen99 wrote:
               | No, the smart thing to do is to let readers do the job
               | with comments that show up such nonsensical statements.
               | This is how we get to the truth, not by authoritarian
               | censorship (as against the application of reasonable
               | rules for a site like HN).
        
             | ineedasername wrote:
             | No, most families at Princeton are not typical working
             | class families. The median family income of a student's
             | family is about $180,000.
             | 
             | Yes, if you're accepted, you really don't have to worry
             | about the price tag because of their financial aid. But
             | poorer families are more likely to go to lower quality
             | schools that may not even offer AP courses and do very
             | little test prep. Families are also unable to afford top-
             | tier test prep services either. On average, if you come
             | from a poor family you've probably had to work harder, or
             | be smarter, to get into Princeton.
             | 
             | I'm not saying this is a problem for Princeton to solve.
             | I'm just saying that it's really not an institution highly
             | accessible to middle/lower class. Just take for example the
             | fact that they favor children of past alumni heavily:
             | something like 30% of the class comes from "legacy"
             | students whose parents(s) attended as well.
        
               | starpilot wrote:
               | HN seems to think most of the world is a meritocracy. The
               | reality is that a dumb rich kid is much more likely to
               | get into a good university than a poor brilliant one.
               | There is a "glass floor":
               | https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/jul/26/well-off-
               | fam...
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | Most of the world, definitely no. When it comes to
               | education (and healthcare etc.), most if not all Europe
               | definitely is.
        
             | barry-cotter wrote:
             | > The median family income of a student from Princeton is
             | $186,100, and 72% come from the top 20 percent. About 1.3%
             | of students at Princeton came from a poor family but became
             | a rich adult.
             | 
             | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/college-
             | mobilit...
        
               | paxys wrote:
               | $180K is like 1-1.5x the median family income in a high
               | CoL area in the US, so that's actually about what in line
               | with what I would expect. You're not poor, sure, but it's
               | not close to the kind of rich the original comment is
               | implying when clubbing him with billionaires. A kid whose
               | family earns $186K/yr isn't exactly on the fast track to
               | becoming the next Jeff Bezos.
        
               | starpilot wrote:
               | $180k is not "working class," period. I don't make $180k
               | and I live in Seattle working in a tech-adjacent field.
               | You claiming that it is is like saying a 14 year old is
               | almost 15 which is almost legal driving age and basically
               | an adult in terms of responsibility, so it's pretty much
               | the age of the majority at 18.
               | 
               | I went to a big state school that was respectable but not
               | Princeton. I still wouldn't say most students there were
               | from the "working class" by the common definition:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_class
               | 
               | > The working class (or labouring class) comprises those
               | engaged in waged or salaried labour, especially in
               | manual-labour occupations and industrial work.
               | 
               | How many Princeton kids had parents who worked
               | construction? Plumbing, drywalling, tar roofing? I'll
               | guess: very few.
        
               | ineedasername wrote:
               | About the fast track portion sure, but otherwise, really,
               | no. The median household income in NYC is about $100,000.
               | San Francisco is about $90,000. Even at the high end of
               | your estimate that's falling up to 25% short of $180k.
               | 
               | Also it's really not proper to take the highest cost of
               | living areas in this situation and say "it's okay they're
               | kind of close to $180,000!"
               | 
               | Taking the outliers as examples to support the idea that
               | the average family meets it is close to the median is
               | really a bad comparison. Most of the country doesn't live
               | in those areas. It would only be an appropriate
               | comparison if Princeton received most if their students
               | from those areas, and they don't.
        
               | cm2012 wrote:
               | Median household income in nyc proper is 50k. It's only
               | 100k if you include the burns further out.
        
               | caddemon wrote:
               | I agree with your general point but take a look at the
               | map on this page: https://admission.princeton.edu/how-
               | apply/admission-statisti...
               | 
               | Princeton definitely does (unintentionally) bias
               | admissions towards major metro areas. It's just way
               | easier to have a good application in these places.
        
             | lwf wrote:
             | Harvard disagrees with you:
             | 
             | > HARVARD COLLEGE has almost as many students from the
             | nation's top 0.1 percent highest-income families as from
             | the bottom 20 percent. More than half of Harvard students
             | come from the top 10 percent of the income distribution,
             | and the vast majority--more than two-thirds--come from
             | families in the top 20 percent.
             | 
             | https://harvardmagazine.com/2017/01/low-income-students-
             | harv...
             | 
             | (They _do_ have great financial aid for low-income
             | families)
        
             | gkya wrote:
             | That's a nice song you're playing to yourself.
        
           | maverickJ wrote:
           | Some did. It's quite easy using hindsight bias to see how
           | everything worked out.
        
         | milchek wrote:
         | I'm curious, what was the reason for starting with books?
        
           | hehehaha wrote:
           | It's quite simple: generally standardized product sizes and
           | media mail. Don't think it's farfetched to say Amazon
           | benefited greatly from USPS in its early days.
        
           | willhslade wrote:
           | There are a million titles, so no physical store will be able
           | to compete with a warehouse. There are no refrigeration or
           | unusual logistics with books. They are fungible: generally
           | speaking, one book is as good as another, identical book.
        
           | searchableguy wrote:
           | Profit margin and ability to ship/store easily.
        
           | iamacyborg wrote:
           | Something other folks haven't mentioned yet but it also means
           | direct access to middle class households which are more
           | likely to be buying books.
        
       | alphabet9000 wrote:
       | I wanted to read this, I really did, but the Time Indicator
       | stated that it was a 2 min read. I'm sorry, that is too long. I
       | ended up not reading; I simply do not have the time. Perhaps Jeff
       | Bezos can get to the point a little bit quicker, the next time he
       | steps down from a key management position in the future. A 1 min
       | read would be acceptable. Thanks to Amazon for including a
       | reading time indicator, I might have wasted my time otherwise.
        
       | telltruth wrote:
       | It is utterly surprising that even Bezos couldn't resist choosing
       | a business MBA guy as his successor just like Steve Jobs, Larry
       | Page and Bill Gates did! They talked ALL their lives about
       | importance of "product person", innovators, disruptors,
       | technologists and derided "business" CEOs. But when it came down
       | to it, they ALL chose the safest possible suit at their disposal
       | to run their ships. Steady as it goes...
        
         | hehehaha wrote:
         | But Jassy is not a typical MBA guy. He trailblazed the entire
         | cloud industry.
        
           | biztos wrote:
           | And Tim Cook trailblazed the world's most valuable supply
           | chain, IIRC. I don't think the parent was implying these are
           | talentless drones, just that they are the obvious safe
           | choices for succession.
        
             | scns wrote:
             | Is value is the only metric worth looking at?
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26013895
        
           | monadic3 wrote:
           | ....can MBAs not apply existing business patterns to new
           | industries? How low are your expectations for MBAs that this
           | is a surprise? I fully expect most people could do the same
           | in the same position with similar education.
        
         | scns wrote:
         | I found it baffling, that someone manage to predict how that
         | would work out: https://steveblank.com/2016/10/24/why-tim-cook-
         | is-steve-ball...
        
       | javert wrote:
       | He probably had enough, after all the nastiness coming from DC.
       | 
       | For instance, being paraded in front of Congress committees so
       | each member can get a little sound bite shitting on him.
       | 
       | Truly, we didn't deserve Bezos. Maybe he's realized that.
        
         | Beefin wrote:
         | Don't know why you're being downvoted, those interviews were
         | vile. They were just probing for self-incriminating answers and
         | when they didn't moved on.
        
       | 0zymandias wrote:
       | The takeover of tech by MBAs continues. It has now happened at
       | the top 4 largest tech companies in the US.
       | 
       | We will have Apple (Tim Cook), Amazon (Andy Jassy), Alphabet
       | (Sundar Pichai), Microsoft (Satya Nadella & Steve Ballmer) all
       | taking over from non-MBA founders. Facebook is next in size and
       | has Sheryl Sandberg as COO but don't know if Mark Zuckerberg
       | would ever hand over the reins.
       | 
       | Why don't non-MBAs manage to get to the top?
        
         | vivekl wrote:
         | Don't hold having an MBA against Jassy :). I have been in those
         | ops meetings at AWS when Andy Jassy and Charlie Bell used to
         | hold court. There wasn't much MBA-speak there. Jassy can burrow
         | through deeply technical issues, spot fundamental flaws and
         | process a monumental amount of information on the spot - skills
         | they sure as hell don't teach at any B-school I know of...
        
         | brendanmc6 wrote:
         | > Why don't non-MBAs manage to get to the top?
         | 
         | Because smart and talented people who are interested in
         | business or administration tend to go on and study it. It's
         | self selecting. I think maybe you are imprinting "MBA" as some
         | sort of personality? I know designers, coders and biologists
         | with MBAs. It's just an accreditation.
         | 
         | Every business has its roots or foundation with makers. But
         | that doesn't mean a chef should be running McDonalds, or a
         | woodworker should be running Home Depot...
        
         | daniel-thompson wrote:
         | I'm as skeptical of MBAs as you are but this is a bad take
         | considering Pichai and Nadella were both actual engineers
         | first.
        
         | paulpan wrote:
         | Errr...both Sundar and Satya were software engineers first?
        
           | meetups323 wrote:
           | Clearly the CEO should have _no_ formal business training,
           | regardless of their prior work.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | An MBA has always been the way to signal that you want to
           | move from engineering to senior management. Almost every
           | senior manager I've met with an engineering background has an
           | MBA (or a PhD). I have to assume that MBA programs teach the
           | kind of stuff one would need to know to rise up the ranks.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | jozen wrote:
           | Disagree on Sundar.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | momothereal wrote:
         | Three of the four have engineering degrees and have previously
         | worked as engineers. Maybe having an MBA on top is not a bad
         | thing to run a trillion-dollar company?
        
       | jl2718 wrote:
       | The CEO role comes with a lot of mundane responsibility (and
       | potential liability) that I'm surprised he held onto for so long.
       | I would expect a guy like Jeff to want to get on another rocket
       | ship (unsure if literal or figurative).
        
         | thinkling wrote:
         | He had pushed a lot of it down to Jeff Wilke (retail business)
         | and Jassy (AWS) but apparently wanted more time for other
         | projects.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | It is as mundane as they want it to be. It mostly comes off
         | that way because the majority of CEOs are the MBA types. If you
         | look at Steve Jobs, Elon Musk etc., their day to day
         | involvement could hardly be called mundane.
        
         | xpe wrote:
         | Why do you think it is mundane?
        
       | ianai wrote:
       | I'm just going to piss into the wind a little. After seeing what
       | happened to Microsoft and Apple after they lost their founder
       | CEOs, I don't welcome this news as freely as others might. We're
       | not necessarily likely to see the company go directions that are
       | for the better. (Maybe though this is really a rant about Cook.
       | Amazon has lots of room to improve. Looking at all those forged
       | brand names, for instance.)
        
         | hbosch wrote:
         | Apple and Microsoft are arguably much better off today with
         | their new leaders than they might've been. I don't see your
         | point?
         | 
         | I think Facebook, too, could use a new face at the top as a
         | matter of fact.
        
           | telltruth wrote:
           | They are not. On the surface revenues keeps growing, profits
           | are enormous but underneath there are virtually no new
           | product lines. If you look at Microsoft of 1990s, there were
           | _new_ $1B business each year - MSSQL, Sharepoint, Dynamics
           | etc etc. For Apple, Jobs made it a point for one new product
           | line every 2-3 years. For Google, you had new stuff like
           | Gmail, Maps keep coming. Now its mostly barren land. Amazon
           | had a lot going on with Alexa, pharmacy, Fire tablets, prime
           | video etc. Don 't expect these stuff 2-3 years down the road
           | with new business suit at the helm.
           | 
           | There are real impact of not having a "product person" at
           | helm. Business suits will squeeze out revenues and profits no
           | matter what but there are no more tech that truly leap frogs
           | existing art.
        
             | ianai wrote:
             | Exactly. Expect Prime membership to cost more and deliver
             | less. New suits aren't going to be beholden to Jeff's mode
             | of thinking and this historical precedent. We may well see
             | Video culled outright or spun off into another media
             | subscription, etc.
        
             | hbosch wrote:
             | I think consistently improving existing products is just as
             | good as, and oftentimes preferable to, creating entirely
             | new products.
        
           | ianai wrote:
           | I think it's more the case that so many years have passed
           | that it's not like they were likely to fail. They just failed
           | to succeed quite as much as their original CEOs could have
           | made them. Steve left Tim a cash machine.
        
         | simonebrunozzi wrote:
         | Big difference: Andy Jassy is an execution machine, AND has a
         | really good sense of vision and strategy. AND has worked at
         | Amazon for ~25 years.
         | 
         | Source: my humble opinion, and I worked at AWS and met him
         | several times.
        
           | telltruth wrote:
           | Looks like a typical MBA business suit to me. Could you
           | elaborate on vision/technical aspect? I'd think he would
           | delegate those to others.
        
         | jimbob45 wrote:
         | What is it you perceive that happened to MS? They appear to be
         | doing well and are the top competitor to Amazon's AWS.
        
           | orev wrote:
           | MS completely missed on mobile phones and tablets, despite
           | trying so many times at it. The "Windows everywhere" approach
           | prevented them from doing what really had to be done (make
           | something new for these new devices). That was all under the
           | Ballmer era.
           | 
           | It's only now that they have a new CEO who is happy to pursue
           | other approaches that they have been able to start going in a
           | better direction again.
        
             | ianai wrote:
             | Exactly. Bill stepped down in 2008. Balmer was CEO until
             | 2014. Oddly that's when their products started to turn
             | around significantly.
             | 
             | Cook has made a lot of original Mac power users completely
             | pissed. He's gutted entire software products that people
             | relied upon using. He's probably why we had the half decade
             | of MBPs developers didn't like. Etc. His best
             | accomplishment has been the services stuff and maybe the
             | M1.
        
               | smabie wrote:
               | No one cares about the technical users. They are, by and
               | large, irrelevant.
        
           | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
           | But they did have a rough patch under Ballmer.
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | I'd guess that Bezos's genes are pretty well baked into the
         | company.
         | 
         | With Jobs, it sounded like there was a singular personality
         | role that was a chaotic influence in the company. That wasn't
         | the only thing that made Apple great, but were people
         | throughout the company inspired to be more like Jobs?
        
         | telltruth wrote:
         | Please also include Google in your list.
        
           | ianai wrote:
           | That's actually a really good example too. The fact I didn't
           | shows how far they've slipped of late.
        
         | giarc wrote:
         | Apple under Cook is a juggernaut. I'm not sure why you would
         | use Apple as an example. Same with MS and Satya. You could
         | argue MS floundered with Ballmer.
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | Apple is doing quite well under Cook. Same with Google under
         | Pichai. Microsoft had some pains during the Balmer years, but I
         | think that's partially due to the anti-trust suit making them
         | gunshy and Balmer being a generally poor choice as a tech CEO,
         | but they are doing very well with Nadella.
         | 
         | I expect Amazon to be as ambitious as ever. Though, I am
         | slightly afraid of a shift in focus towards AWS over retail.
         | But I suspect Jassy's selection had to do with fears that a
         | pick from the retail side may see Jassy as a threat and may
         | seek to undermine AWS in an effort to keep him in check.
        
           | thinkling wrote:
           | > I suspect Jassy's selection had to do with fears that a
           | pick from the retail side may see Jassy as a threat
           | 
           | Amazon had (has) three CEOs: Bezos as overall CEO, Jassy as
           | CEO of AWS, and Jeff Wilke as CEO of the "Consumer" business,
           | i.e. the retail operation.
           | 
           | Wilke announced last year that he would be leaving and that
           | SVP of Operations Dave Clark would replace him as head of the
           | Consumer business.
           | 
           | The question is whether Bezos chose Jassy and that made Wilke
           | leave, or whether Wilke leaving left Jassy as the only
           | remaining choice to replace Bezos.
        
           | easton wrote:
           | Google isn't doing all that well under Pichai, they haven't
           | launched a successful product under him since Chromebooks (I
           | guess GCP, but when you are that size and <10% of market
           | share, I don't know if it's successful), and they are just
           | coasting on ads, YouTube and GSuite. Whereas Apple (say what
           | you will about Cook) has launched AirPods, the Apple Watch
           | and Apple Silicon-based Macs, which are all raking in cash _.
           | It's possible that Google is only ever going to be an ads
           | company, but based on their corporate rhetoric I don't think
           | that was the goal.
           | 
           | _ Apple Silicon Macs aren't really raking in cash yet, but
           | Mac sales are up $1B in the last quarter, so by time
           | transition is complete they will be.
        
             | fossuser wrote:
             | Yeah, I think Cook and Apple are doing well.
             | 
             | Google is doing poorly, but they have a monopoly on web
             | advertising. If they lose that they'd be in trouble. They
             | also weren't doing better when lead by Page (Google+ era).
             | 
             | Microsoft was on the path to irrelevance during the Ballmer
             | years and Nadella has pulled off a miracle to save them.
             | 
             | I hope Amazon is more of a Tim Cook story than a Steve
             | Ballmer one.
        
             | kart23 wrote:
             | I'd argue Pixel has been pretty successful for them.
             | 
             | Nest and Fitbit were decent acquisitions, Google as a whole
             | is doing ok.
        
       | thinkling wrote:
       | Weren't Jassy and Wilke co-CEOs already? I guess Jassy was "CEO"
       | of AWS and now gets to be (actual-) CEO of Amazon.com?
        
         | whoknew1122 wrote:
         | Jassy was the CEO of AWS. I'm not sure what role he had
         | regarding leadership of the entire company, but his title was
         | CEO of AWS.
        
       | googlerx wrote:
       | I liked this until I got to the end and saw Jeff is still doing
       | that "Day 1" BS. _groan_
        
       | alimbada wrote:
       | Any chance the new CEO has a conscience and will do something
       | about the atrocious track record Amazon has in how it treats its
       | employees?
        
       | _nickwhite wrote:
       | I remember in the late 90's when Amazon competed with Barnes and
       | Noble (here in the US) to sell books online. An interesting fact
       | that stuck with me about Amazon back then is they didn't use any
       | crazy javascript or front-end emerging tech- it was really basic
       | HTML that drove the website and shopping cart.
       | 
       | Their current logo, which smiles from A to Z (buy everything from
       | A to Z!) hasn't always been the logo- as they started out just
       | selling books with a vastly different image.
       | 
       | Here's an interesting journey through the logos:
       | https://www.freelogodesign.org/blog/2018/09/10/the-amazon-lo...
        
         | y04nn wrote:
         | And amazon.com today still works exactly the same with
         | JavaScript turned off or on.
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | > they didn't use any crazy javascript or front-end emerging
         | tech- it was really basic HTML that drove the website and
         | shopping cart.
         | 
         | javascript didn't exist.
         | 
         | existing retail mail order couldn't deal with "almost in time"
         | inventory.
         | 
         | there were no "web frameworks".
         | 
         | so it wasn't a choice to write it ourselves, it was the only
         | possible thing to do.
        
       | fullshark wrote:
       | Great interview with Bezos from 1997
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/rWRbTnE1PEM
        
       | InTheArena wrote:
       | The lead that is a bit buried here is that AWS is so essential to
       | Amazon now that it's Amazon's future is AWS not necessarily
       | retail.
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | Stock market seems happy about this. They are up 1% after hours.
        
       | someguy2021 wrote:
       | Amazon all the way !!!
        
       | saagarjha wrote:
       | I wonder if he doesn't want to be the one to deal with what looks
       | like increased regulatory pressure...
        
         | somethoughts wrote:
         | Perhaps following Larry and Sergey's Alphabet playbook -
         | gracefully fade into the background so your legacy can be
         | untarnished!
        
         | Hankenstein2 wrote:
         | Either doesn't want to or recognizes that anyone not him, i.e.
         | not as polarizing, would be more effective.
        
       | f430 wrote:
       | This was a smart move to avoid being caught up in the inevitable
       | anti-trust suit
        
       | taf2 wrote:
       | My favorite quote
       | 
       | " Keep inventing, and don't despair when at first the idea looks
       | crazy. Remember to wander. Let curiosity be your compass. It
       | remains Day 1.". - Jeff Bezos
        
       | gamblor956 wrote:
       | Note that Bezos announced that he _will_ retire...in Q3 2021.
       | Amazon uses the calendar fiscal year, so this means sometime Jul-
       | Sep.
       | 
       | AWS head will take over as new CEO.
        
       | RivieraKid wrote:
       | Now I'm waiting to see how will Elon Musk insert himself into
       | this news story. It's a matter of time, mark my words.
       | 
       | (This is a snarky comment that deserves to get downvoted,
       | couldn't help it.)
        
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       | [deleted]
        
       | awill88 wrote:
       | "I've never had more energy, and this isn't about retiring"
       | 
       | [imitates Bezos]
       | 
       | With that said, I'm out. Don't call me, I'll call you. If I don't
       | show up for a meeting, it's because I'm paid and gonna do
       | whatever tf I feel like for the rest of my life. Peace!
        
       | williamsharris wrote:
       | We all want a CEO like him.
        
       | d_silin wrote:
       | 1.3 million employees, wow!
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | > _Today, we employ 1.3 million talented, dedicated people_
         | 
         | All those creating the value. Many of them having poor working
         | conditions and living off social welfare programs. One guy at
         | the top skimming everything. Is he really worth all those
         | billions? Could he survive on a little less and share with
         | those doing the work? Or is his contribution really more than
         | all those million combined..?
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | Although I know what you mean, in Amazon's case the people
           | making the "value" are paid very well. Its blunt but true,
           | Amazon prints money from AWS not selling lightbulbs.
           | 
           | Similarly, the idea that if you put 1.3 Million warehouse
           | staff in a big room Amazon will come out the other side is
           | really really stupid.
        
           | ngcazz wrote:
           | The downvotes must mean that, as always, welfare is missing
           | the point.
        
         | deegles wrote:
         | They had about 35,000 employees at the beginning of 2011. We
         | struggle to hire a handful of developers per year :D
        
         | iSloth wrote:
         | Would be interesting to know how they are split by geography
         | and function
        
           | waisbrot wrote:
           | And pay. With the discussion in other threads about whether
           | corporations should be able to compete with nations, is
           | Amazon's wealth-distribution better or worse than various
           | nations?
        
           | greggyb wrote:
           | Function should be obvious - the vast majority in fulfillment
           | centers and logistics and customer service.
        
       | lend000 wrote:
       | I'm excited that this will really accelerate the space race. I
       | think his relative lack of attention paid to Blue Origin
       | (compared to Musk and SpaceX) is why they've fallen so far
       | behind.
        
         | mft_ wrote:
         | You really think it's a big factor? I suspect there's just a
         | very different culture and ethos there.
         | 
         | And Musk also has Tesla (including solar), Open AI, Boring,
         | Neuralink, and lots of tweeting...
        
           | Aperocky wrote:
           | What happened to Boring? I think the big difference with
           | Boring is that the tech that goes there are vastly different
           | than the software-hardware integration in his other
           | companies.
           | 
           | Boring is probably mostly hardware with very little software.
        
             | Ericson2314 wrote:
             | Boring is also by far the stupidest with putting cars in
             | tunnels about the least efficient thing one can do with a
             | tunnel.
             | 
             | The fundamentals of TBMs aren't so drastically sub-optimal
             | to make that misallocation easy to compensate.
        
         | munificent wrote:
         | I really wish billionaires would focus on fixing this planet
         | before worrying about others. But I guess many of them consider
         | a planet a resource to be exploited.
        
           | stevewodil wrote:
           | Jeff Bezos has mentioned a strategy of doing things that
           | pollute the Earth somewhere else in space and bringing back
           | the goods that are created from it to Earth
        
       | efwfwef wrote:
       | > As Amazon became large, we decided to use our scale and scope
       | to lead on important social issues. Two high-impact examples: our
       | $15 minimum wage and the Climate Pledge. In both cases, we staked
       | out leadership positions and then asked others to come along with
       | us. In both cases, it's working. Other large companies are coming
       | our way. I hope you're proud of that as well.
       | 
       | This, son, is the market at play. Without regulations to raise
       | the minimum wage for everyone, companies are supposed to raise it
       | to compete. Amazon has chosen to raise it for publicity, to
       | compete, or by pure generosity. In the mean time, most American
       | workers are paid well below minimum wage, and the situation is
       | not getting better, I should even say: the situation is getting
       | worse. Amazon has given ammunition for people to claim that see,
       | companies are doing the right thing, all is well.
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | Bezos achieved amazing things. But Amazon stole more than $60
       | million in tips from delivery drivers. If Bezos knew about it
       | then he should go to prison.
        
       | giomasce wrote:
       | "As Amazon became large, we decided to use our scale and scope to
       | lead on important social issues".
       | 
       | A bold claim for a company widely known to exploit and underpay
       | workers in distribution warehouses.
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | When you praise the software your team wrote you don't pay
         | respects to how hard transistors work to make the whole thing
         | possible.
         | 
         | Lowest workers for Jeff are just cogs in the machine.
        
         | Jamieee wrote:
         | And their anti-union movements.
         | https://www.doitwithoutdues.com/
        
         | wiz21c wrote:
         | your comment deserve 1000 votes. The whole message from Bezos
         | is so much about what the management team has done and so few
         | about the people who actually move boxes around.
         | 
         | I also wonder what's the overall CO2 footprint of Amazon and
         | what's their record about recycling, repairing, etc. I know
         | they propose some tools to help for that and they may even be
         | more efficient than others, but as a company with "lead on
         | social issues", it needs to have more than "a lead", it needs
         | to question its very own existence. So the mail of Bezos, is,
         | in my view, not ambitious at all.
        
         | radu_floricica wrote:
         | I have some karma to burn, so let's do this again. Underpay
         | compared to what?
         | 
         | There has to be some comparison here. You can't say "underpay"
         | and leave it at that.
         | 
         | You might try and weasel and say "underpay compared to a decent
         | living wage". Well, I have news for you - even that's relative.
         | 
         | A fair comparison would be "underpay compared to the rest of
         | the warehouse industry". Which begs the question - why do
         | people go work for Amazon, then? Are they trapped by not being
         | able to leave the small towns where Amazon hires? Doesn't sound
         | likely. Could it be that their overall conditions are more or
         | less on par, or quite probably somewhat better than the rest of
         | the industry?
         | 
         | I'm going to call your bullshit and say what I think directly:
         | Amazon is a cheap target for young idealists simply because
         | it's visible, it's fashionable to attack, makes a lot of money
         | overall, and most people attacking it have no idea what's a
         | good pay for that kind of work because they never did that kind
         | of work.
        
           | me_me_me wrote:
           | > Amazon is a cheap target for young idealists
           | 
           | Maybe its a target because is a behemoth of a target.
           | 
           | Amazon is so big US states were competing in a bezos d*k
           | sucking competition to have their hq built in their state.
           | 
           | A company famous for paying zero taxes and its biggest slice
           | of workforce are being optimised like a computer program to
           | squeeze every last $ they can produce at the expense of the
           | workforce.
           | 
           | So if amazon is a bad target what else should be then? Or
           | maybe everything is fine and the invisible hand is going to
           | fix all of the problems?
        
             | notSupplied wrote:
             | States and cities competing to undercut each other in
             | offering sweet deals for Amazon HQs and sports team
             | stadiums had always felt extremely wrong to me. If anything
             | has a natural right to behave like a cartel when
             | negotiating against businesses, it is municipal and state
             | governments.
        
             | radu_floricica wrote:
             | That's a _very_ fair practice to attack, although to be
             | honest once the rules have been written it would be kinda
             | stupid not to play the game this way. But allowing cities
             | to offer huge allowances and tax breaks is hugely unequal
             | to other businesses in that area, and creates perverse
             | incentives where the auction ends up with a likely negative
             | value, just so some politician can brag that he brought X
             | or Y or Z in his city.
             | 
             | To note that this is the opposite of free market: the crux
             | of the problem is allowing politicians to write checks/tax
             | deductions to businesses for purely political purposes.
        
           | giomasce wrote:
           | Quite agree that Amazon is a cheap target: they do very bad
           | things and they are able to do them at scale; one might argue
           | even in a monopoly situation. Doesn't make stuff fairer. Rest
           | assured it's not my only target, if that's what troubles you.
           | 
           | Amazon's choice to exploit workers might very well be an
           | industry standard, but this doesn't make it a choice any
           | less: Amazon boasts about leading on important social issues,
           | but that's the real bullshit. They just do as the others, no
           | virtue at all. Being in the strong position, they might have
           | the opportunity to make the industry fairer, but they
           | willingly decided not even to try.
           | 
           | I like how in your world megacorp automatically get the
           | benefit of doubt, while people pissing in their pants because
           | they cannot go to the bathroom are "relatively" fine.
        
           | rightbyte wrote:
           | > Amazon is a cheap target for young idealists simply because
           | it's visible
           | 
           | Easy targets are the best targers.
           | 
           | Amazon is the raise of centralized retail and computing.
           | 
           | Furthermore replacing store workers with fully appized gig
           | delivery drivers is probably no net gain for small towns.
           | 
           | You don't have to be a "young idealist" to be worried about
           | Amazon eating everyones lunch.
        
           | niek_pas wrote:
           | How about "underpay relative to the value they produce"?
        
             | bhupy wrote:
             | They produce the same value as a Sears warehouse worker, or
             | a Circuit City warehouse worker.
             | 
             | The reason that Amazon is successful, but Sears and Circuit
             | City aren't isn't because of the warehouse workers.
        
             | hntrader wrote:
             | That's true for every commercial transaction including
             | every labor market transaction, and it's the reason why
             | voluntary transactions are positive sum to both parties
             | (ignoring the negative externalities to uninvolved third
             | parties, and edge cases like a diminished ability to make
             | an informed decision such as with a gambling addiction)
             | 
             | You paid $1000 for an iPhone because you thought the
             | subjective value that it brings you is worth $1500. If
             | Apple was asking you for $1501, you wouldn't make the
             | purchase.
             | 
             | Google hired you as a dev for $300k because they think you
             | bring more value to the table than $300k. If you were
             | asking for more than what your value is to them, then they
             | wouldn't hire you. Same for every other hiring arrangement
             | including the ones Amazon makes and the ones you make in
             | your personal life (such as if you hire a cleaner, book an
             | uber, etc)
        
             | TheCoelacanth wrote:
             | That's basically what the word "employ" means in a
             | capitalist economy.
        
       | gregjw wrote:
       | So long and thanks for all the fish.
        
       | fortran77 wrote:
       | Getting ready to run for President in 2024?
        
       | mrfusion wrote:
       | It's weird he mentions 1-click as one of their crowning
       | achievements. Couldn't any software engineer do that in an
       | afternoon?
        
         | mannykannot wrote:
         | Getting it patented was the achievement.
        
         | arduinomancer wrote:
         | 1-click ordering is a product innovation, not a technical one
        
           | mrfusion wrote:
           | Well then a business person could think of it in an
           | afternoon.
        
       | somethoughts wrote:
       | It will be interesting to watch how Andy Jassy as head of AWS
       | (dealing with building out data centers, SW partnerships, API
       | uptime, negotiating with Intel, designing Graviton CPUs, etc.)
       | will be able to transition to such things as Prime Video content
       | licensing discussions and goal setting for Whole Foods and the
       | nuances of warehouse distribution labor disputes.
       | 
       | As a founder of Amazon - having built Amazon from nothing, Bezos
       | probably had certain in-built persona and gravitas which probably
       | helped with leadership talent acquisition and vision setting in
       | all domains of the business universe. The opportunity to report
       | to Jeff Bezos was probably a huge selling point - no matter what
       | industry you were coming from.
       | 
       | Its interesting Amazon never attempted to give Andy Jassy a trial
       | run as a public facing COO running both sides of the house.
        
         | kevan wrote:
         | If I remember right from The Everything Store Amazon hasn't had
         | a COO title since a rough experience with Galli in 99-00.
        
           | somethoughts wrote:
           | That's an interesting bit of history I forgot about.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Anecdotally I have heard that Amazon as a company does
         | delegation very effectively. Individual departments have
         | complete autonomy over their own business decisions, and this
         | applies on the engineering side as well.
         | 
         | I do agree that the shitstorm over warehouse workers,
         | automation, unionization etc. is only going to get a lot worse
         | over the next few years, and Jassy may even find handling that
         | becoming his primary job.
        
           | 8ytecoder wrote:
           | Jeff is a man of contradictions. I've heard him micromanage
           | to the level that individual AWS launch pages were reviewed
           | and approved by him; so were the choice of databases (oracle
           | vs MySQL) and SOA. At the same time, he gives extreme leeway
           | and time for product teams to prove their mettle. The general
           | assumption is you have 7 years from start to profitability.
           | It's a long time by tech industry standards. (Just look at
           | Google).
        
             | somethoughts wrote:
             | Yes - that's part of magic - as the founder you have the
             | latitude to go to any level of the corporate stack and
             | critique things. Jeff could probably go to any Amazon
             | distribution center on any random day and start critiquing
             | at how things were being packed inefficiently in boxes and
             | people would fix things in the next hour. It'll be
             | interesting to see if Andy Jassy can metaphorically do
             | similar things.
        
         | safog wrote:
         | I think it'll be more like Jassy saying: Dave (Clark), make
         | sure retail top-line grows x%, profitability grows y% and keep
         | an eye on Walmart.
        
           | somethoughts wrote:
           | I think the challenge is when it comes down to resource
           | allocation between different business units in radically
           | different industries. Like how does someone who is not Jeff
           | Bezos go about deciding whether Amazon should use its free
           | cashflow to make big bold bets such as acquiring LionsGate
           | for Prime Video content, expanding Amazon fulfillment centers
           | globally, acquiring Humana for a push into Amazon health
           | insurance or buying a chip fab to make Graviton chips.
           | Perhaps the fact that Andy Jassy actually comes more from a
           | business background means he'll do well.
        
       | ngoel36 wrote:
       | So is it finally Day 2?
        
       | ElectricMind wrote:
       | I wanted to work for Amazon then I read "The Everything Store..."
       | and how brutal this guy is even to his loyal people. How he
       | treated initial people who supported him. Amazon is part of the
       | club- I don't want to work companies. Facebook, Google, Reddit,
       | Twitter, LinkedIn, Tesla, SpaceX and adding more
        
         | neolefty wrote:
         | Are there large companies that you _would_ like to work for?
         | 
         | Keeping a healthy culture in a small company seems feasible.
         | Not sure about large companies?
        
       | monadic3 wrote:
       | Find a better job, employees.
        
       | streetcat1 wrote:
       | Probably due to the coming wealth tax or capital gain tax
       | changes.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | It was public knowledge that Bezos stopped running Amazon day-to-
       | day a while ago. It was headed by the two execs under him (Andy
       | Jassy for AWS and Jeff Wilke for retail). Jassy even had the CEO
       | (of AWS) title. With Wilke announcing his retirement a few months
       | ago, Jassy was the clear frontrunner to take over from Bezos. In
       | hindsight I guess Wilke retired _because_ Jassy was picked over
       | him. The timing of the announcement is unexpected, but nothing
       | else.
        
         | desireco42 wrote:
         | Sounds like Jeff Wilke felt a little bit left out?
        
           | JulianMorrison wrote:
           | Anyone that high up in Amazon is going to be laughing all the
           | way to the bank regardless.
        
             | fortran77 wrote:
             | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cry_all_the_way_to_the_bank
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | Traster wrote:
         | That does tell us something about the corporate structure
         | though - whilst a lot of people think AWS would be better off
         | being spun out, there's no way you hire the head of AWS as CEO
         | of Amazon if you think that's the direction forward.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | Antitrust aside, has there ever been a business reason to
           | split up Amazon? I doubt anyone inside the company ever took
           | that talk seriously.
        
             | dillondoyle wrote:
             | Their fast growing ad network can be seen as a conflict
             | worth splitting out.
             | 
             | Probably similar or maybe even clearer than Google since
             | more people understand a store selling their own products
             | than Google owning every single step (with huge non
             | transparent and evidently according to TX colluded margins)
             | in the ad transaction, in addition to all the user data,
             | and their own products.
        
             | baskire wrote:
             | the market caps of each department spun out is likely
             | greater than the current market cap of Amazon today.
             | 
             | That is assuming the companies would all be as successful
             | being spun out.
        
               | sobani wrote:
               | In a way that's the case with every company. Each part is
               | more valuable on it's own, unless it's more valuable
               | together with another part. :P
               | 
               | btw, it looks like you have some sort of shadowban. I
               | don't see any terrible comments among your last 20 or so,
               | so you might want to ask @dang if he can look into your
               | case.
        
               | newswasboring wrote:
               | Why do you say this person is under shadow ban? As far as
               | I know if they are in shadowban only they can see their
               | comments?
        
           | simonebrunozzi wrote:
           | It buys you time. You tell the antitrust: give us a few more
           | months, we'll find a new CEO and then spin out the company.
           | IMHO.
        
             | granzymes wrote:
             | Has the government filed an antitrust suit against Amazon?
             | It could take half a decade to go from filing to a
             | (potential) final appeal at the Supreme Court.
        
           | hrktb wrote:
           | My mental image is that people want to spin off AWS for
           | society's benefits because Amazon grew too big and abuses the
           | integration. Amazon squarely resisting this idea seems
           | uncontroversal.
        
             | airstrike wrote:
             | People argue companies like Walmart don't want to pay their
             | rival Amazon for cloud hosting, but the truth is if AWS is
             | the best cloud provider, it makes business sense to go with
             | them
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | At the scale Walmart operates - 25th largest GDP in the
               | world if considered as a nation[1], supporting over 2.2
               | Million employees[2], in over 27 countries[3] - it's
               | simply more cost effective to do your tech in-house.
               | 
               | Amazon is huge... but Walmart is truly massive... over
               | double Amazon's size in just about every metric. They
               | clearly have the resources to handle things on their own.
               | 
               | [1] https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=034072126
               | 0780250...
               | 
               | [2] https://corporate.walmart.com/newsroom/company-
               | facts#:~:text....
               | 
               | [3] https://corporate.walmart.com/askwalmart/in-which-
               | countries-....
        
               | dreamer7 wrote:
               | Yet, Walmart seems to rely on GCP and Azure for atleast
               | some of their cloud requirements
        
               | ac29 wrote:
               | See, for example, Walmart Labs:
               | https://careers.walmart.com/technology/technology-
               | software-d...
               | 
               | (6000 employees in 2018, per wikipedia)
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | It's a matter of corporate strategy... Amazon is like a
               | combination of different entities, one of which is AWS,
               | and AWS arguably does cloud better than anyone else
               | 
               | Walmart doesn't have the same capabilities. Being larger
               | doesn't mean they _can_ do it.
        
               | allanmacgregor wrote:
               | Been part of some of those conversations, some companies
               | are wary of hosting with Amazon not due to paying their
               | competitor but due to the amount of power they are
               | putting on a direct competitor hands.
        
               | hrktb wrote:
               | Was in the industry for a stint, and the issue was not
               | only about money going to Amazon. There was a serious
               | fear for their usage data to be used as a window into
               | their business (if not fear of more illegal and unethical
               | access to their data)
               | 
               | The case of Amazon using internal market place data to
               | guide their own product strategy has already been made
               | over and over, so the precedent exists.
        
               | iamacyborg wrote:
               | It does for marketplace but no aws as far as I know.
               | Still makes sense that folks would be skeptical though.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | They can pay Microsoft.
        
               | hrktb wrote:
               | They do, as far as I know Microsoft has a pretty good
               | hold on retail. Some go with GCP but Google is less
               | "enterprisy" for their taste in a lot of ways.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | AWS is arguably worth more than Amazon.com - so it might be
           | that AWS is going to spin out the website instead of the
           | other way around.
        
         | megablast wrote:
         | He retired because he wasn't going to get Ceo. This tells
         | you've lot about the future of amazon.
        
           | newsclues wrote:
           | Or it tells you about the people who compete for top jobs.
        
         | noncoml wrote:
         | I just hope Andy Jassy will not bring the AWS customer support
         | to retail, because Amazon is screwed if he does.
        
           | carmen_sandiego wrote:
           | AWS support is pretty great in my experience. That's with a
           | paid plan, but I consider it great even for a paid plan.
           | Typically instant chat with someone who can usually fix it is
           | a game changer.
           | 
           | I think it's a little unreasonable to expect free support for
           | such a technical product to be as good as that for the retail
           | site.
        
           | Corrado wrote:
           | Nah, its just that you'll have to change your perspective of
           | customer support. Any questions will be answered in 5 days by
           | pointing to the FAQ and each response will take an additional
           | 5 days. If fact, you'll probably find the answer yourself
           | before support helps you. Finally, the feedback mechanism
           | will be so generic as to be useless.
           | 
           | Unless you want to pay 10% of your order for expedited
           | service. Then those days drop from 5 to 3.
           | 
           | /s
        
         | libria wrote:
         | Yes, a bit of shakeup at the top. Jassy now CEO, Dave Clark
         | stepping into Jeff Wilke's role as head of retail. I assume
         | Charlie Bell will step up as head of AWS.
        
           | temp0826 wrote:
           | Listening to cbell rip someone apart in the weekly ops
           | meeting while watching the #wtf peanut gallery whilst sipping
           | my coffee are probably my fondest memories of working at AWS
        
             | senderista wrote:
             | I had to substitute for my manager once in the ops meeting
             | and I've never been so terrified watching that roulette
             | wheel spin...
        
             | bscanlan wrote:
             | I miss #wtf. I hope it lives on in Slack.
        
               | joolsbot wrote:
               | Its still alive :)
        
             | randallsquared wrote:
             | I'll try "Places I wouldn't want to work" for 400K, Alex.
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | It's actually a rare opportunity that someone smart can
               | "rip me apart" for the right reason. Candid truth does
               | not hurt. It stimulates growth. In contrast, the worst
               | place is where everyone is nice, but does not tell you
               | what you have done wrong.
        
               | paxys wrote:
               | Candid truths can be shared in blameless postmortems and
               | a hundred other ways. An executive shouting at someone in
               | a large meeting is an ego trip, nothing more.
        
               | mabbo wrote:
               | I listen to the calls weekly. No one shouts. No one
               | degraded others. Cbell's power is that he doesn't have an
               | ego in these calls.
               | 
               | The blameless postmortems are reviewed in these meetings,
               | and the findings challenged, to ensure they really got to
               | the root cause and lessons are learned.
               | 
               | I once almost got to present my post mortem, but it
               | wasn't high enough priority that week. I wish it had
               | been. It would have been ripped apart, but I would have
               | gotten the feedback from the smartest people in the
               | company on how to make my system better.
        
               | ehaughee wrote:
               | As someone who has been on these calls multiple times, I
               | think "rip someone apart" was an attempt to portray the
               | bluntness with which feedback was provided but (as other
               | commenters have mentioned) not to import any ad hominem
               | attack characteristics to the feedback. Although
               | admittedly the language used was contrary to that. While
               | Amazon certainly has its flaws and has _plenty_ of room
               | to grow in the hospitable work environment category,
               | cbell 's feedback on weekly calls is not one of those
               | areas imo.
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | Blameless is often pointless because sometimes something
               | about the person is the problem. If the project failed
               | because Bob ran it and Bob is too risk averse, then you
               | can't fix it without talking about Bob. Bob either needs
               | to figure out how to be less risk averse (hard and time
               | consuming journey) or Bob shouldn't run projects that
               | require risk taking.
               | 
               | Doesn't mean Bob is bad or gets fired, but he is part of
               | the picture.
               | 
               | The whole blameless thing is so weak - if there's
               | something about you that caused the failure, don't you
               | want to know?
        
               | ehaughee wrote:
               | The key mental shift (for me anyway) is that if a system
               | can be brought to its knees by a single person, then the
               | system is very likely flawed. You need to design a better
               | system when the flaw in the system is the people. What
               | that often looks like is changing/instituting processes
               | such that quantitative measure (metrics, checklists, etc)
               | governs decisions (thereby removing much, but importantly
               | not all, of the human element), or you design processes
               | in such a way that one person is not in charge of making
               | the decision (the "two person rule", CRs, leadership
               | approval). There are of course other tools but these two
               | are pretty common in my experience.
        
               | adwn wrote:
               | > _if a system can be brought to its knees by a single
               | person, then the system is very likely flawed._
               | 
               | That just means that the person who designed the system
               | deserves the blame.
               | 
               | I'm only half-joking here. You can't just rely on the
               | "system" - someone needs to be responsible, either for
               | the decision or for creating the system that makes the
               | decision.
        
               | ehaughee wrote:
               | Having a system/process is not about removing
               | accountability, it's about reducing discretion/cognitive
               | load where it's been identified as risky. In fact, having
               | a system/process in place to point to and say "this
               | individual did not follow the steps/process/rules" makes
               | an unbiased conversation about their performance much
               | more possible.
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | Yes and this works when you're doing something for the
               | 10th time. It totally doesn't work when you're doing
               | something innovative and risky, which I assume is the
               | kinds of conversations we're talking about here (this
               | subthread is contextual to a senior amazon exec, he's
               | probably not PMing someone forgetting to change the
               | backup tapes)
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | If your root cause analysis leads to a preventative fix
               | that amounts to "humans should not make mistake X" you
               | haven't done anything to prevent recurrence.
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | I am not constraining my statement to the narrow set of
               | problems where your statement applies.
        
               | Spinnaker_ wrote:
               | It's funny how differently people respond to that type of
               | stuff.
               | 
               | I grew up playing pretty competitive sports. Being ripped
               | apart in front of my peers was a once a week occurrence
               | for me for most of my life. I had no interest in doing it
               | to anyone else, but it didn't seem like a big deal, and
               | didn't bother me much.
               | 
               | My first job was at a company where it happened a lot. I
               | didn't realize how toxic it was until I started talking
               | with co-workers who were having panic attacks from it.
        
               | ygjb wrote:
               | Yep. Not sports here, but military. I will take a
               | dressing down, public or otherwise, over office politics
               | and some of the corporate shenanigans that I have
               | encountered in my private sector career. Give it to me
               | straight, let me know how bad I fucked up, and what we
               | can do to fix it, or walk me out the door.
               | 
               | That said, I also understand that this doesn't work for
               | alot of people.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | clausok wrote:
               | Same for me. My high school and college hockey coaches
               | could really let you have it. They never pulled you aside
               | and did it in private either. My college coach had
               | episodes that would make even Bobby Knight look like a
               | pussycat. He once had a roll-on-the-floor grappling fight
               | with a teammate in the locker room between periods.
               | (Coach had a big tactical advantage: he wasn't wearing
               | skates) When I ended up working on a trading desk the
               | impromptu performance review broadsides -- in front of
               | everyone -- felt very familiar.
        
             | mabbo wrote:
             | Thing is, cbell doesn't make it personal (in any of the
             | calls I've seen). It's about raising the bar. He demands
             | quality, and he gets it. His weekly ops meetings have been
             | imitated by other orgs, terribly, because they don't
             | understand the point. They think ripping into people is the
             | goal.
             | 
             | I've got a project this year that I'm told is on his radar.
             | I'm not terrified. I'm excited, because it means I have to
             | deliver the best I am capable of and I'll get help to do
             | it.
        
               | ignoramous wrote:
               | Like you, I don't think those meetings were particularly
               | brutal but merely kept plain and honest, and more
               | importantly, were of great learning value besides being a
               | fantastic demonstration of leadership by cbell.
        
               | gowld wrote:
               | "ripping into people" was famous Bezos/Amazon culture
               | from the start.
        
               | myroon5 wrote:
               | > His weekly ops meetings have been imitated by other
               | orgs, terribly, because they don't understand the point
               | 
               | couldn't agree more. Almost every day of the week now
               | with AWS, org, service, and team level ops meetings, and
               | most of them miss the forest for the trees
        
           | QuinnyPig wrote:
           | Smart money is on Matt Garman.
        
       | zmmmmm wrote:
       | Small point but my mind just boggled at the figure of 1.3 million
       | employees. This is getting towards the size of a small country.
       | Absolutely amazing!
        
       | someguy2021 wrote:
       | Say what you like, hate how much you can but Amazon is a truly
       | inspiring story and one of the best engineering companies in the
       | world. There impact has been huge !!! Jeff is a true leader and
       | visionary !
        
       | dannykwells wrote:
       | Microsoft, Google, Amazon... Wondering who the next major CEO
       | will be to "promote" himself to the board will be. Mark? Elon?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | enraged_camel wrote:
       | End of an era. I wonder what he'll do next.
        
         | darth_avocado wrote:
         | run for president, seems like a thing for Billionaires these
         | days.
        
           | remoquete wrote:
           | I think the odds are quite high.
        
           | akhilcacharya wrote:
           | He'd be better at it than the last guy, a low bar though.
        
         | aerophilic wrote:
         | I suspect he will focus on his space venture (blue origin)...
         | but maybe that is wishful thinking.
         | 
         | That said, I think it can use his focus more than anything else
         | (and he is investing 1B/year in it)
        
         | sjg007 wrote:
         | Turn a lot of cash into rocket fuel.
        
         | 1-6 wrote:
         | It's a good time for another CEO to take center stage at a
         | different company. Any suggestions?
        
           | sjg007 wrote:
           | I think the CEO as influencer is on the wane and with
           | antitrust and regulatory reform coming we will be looking
           | more for politicians who can unite and provide social
           | leadership. Trump took a lot of oxygen out of the room and
           | now is a good time for up and comers like Buttieg and AOC.
        
         | s3r3nity wrote:
         | He mentioned a few focus areas:
         | 
         | - Day 1 Fund
         | 
         | - Bezos Earth Fund
         | 
         | - Blue Origin
         | 
         | - The Washington Post
         | 
         | So a combination of philanthropy, crazy cutting-edge tech, and
         | media. He'll still be pretty busy haha
        
         | samizdis wrote:
         | From his email to staff:
         | 
         |  _As Exec Chair I will stay engaged in important Amazon
         | initiatives but also have the time and energy I need to focus
         | on the Day 1 Fund, the Bezos Earth Fund, Blue Origin, The
         | Washington Post, and my other passions. I've never had more
         | energy, and this isn't about retiring. I'm super passionate
         | about the impact I think these organizations can have._
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | Mars.
        
         | lai wrote:
         | Buy all the bitcoin supply.
        
           | virtualmachine7 wrote:
           | They could do one better and cheaper - start their own coin,
           | make Amazon accept that (and no other coins) and it'd
           | probable dwarf bitcoin in market cap.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | Maybe he'll take a cue from Bill Gates and get involved in
         | philanthropy. Alternatively he might get more involved in Blue
         | Origin?
        
           | mssundaram wrote:
           | Perhaps Bill Gates truly has developed compassion for the
           | less fortunate, however moving his money into the foundation
           | is a very convenient tax strategy, and I suspect he enjoys
           | the challenges and influence he has, and less so the warm
           | fuzzies from helping people.
           | 
           | (I anticipate this comment will not go over well, as it seems
           | I must just not see the truth that Bill Gates is a perfectly
           | benevolent being who has ascended from human qualities)
        
             | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
             | _I anticipate this comment will not go over well, as it
             | seems I must just not see the truth that Bill Gates is a
             | perfectly benevolent being who has ascended from human
             | qualities_
             | 
             | He's not benevolent or lead a perfectly good life. But he
             | decided to spend his billions on trying to improve the
             | world and you all are still hung up on the anti trust
             | things he did at Microsoft. Or think he's doing it to "gain
             | power and influence" or as a tax dodge.
             | 
             | You don't have to forgive him. But stop coming up with
             | weird conspiracy theories about why he's spending his money
             | and let go of the unscrupulous business decisions.
        
               | mssundaram wrote:
               | _stop coming up with weird conspiracy theories about why
               | he's spending his money_
               | 
               | Well firstly, no I don't have to do any of that. And
               | secondly, it's not a theory about a conspiracy. It's more
               | of a speculation. Finally, I highly doubt his
               | benevolence, that's my whole point as I said in my
               | original post - he probably enjoys the influence a lot
               | more than he enjoys helping people.
        
             | dhnajsjdnd wrote:
             | I think there's a common misunderstanding about how tax
             | write-offs work. If you donate _x_ dollars, and your
             | marginal tax rate is _t_ , you end up losing x - xt
             | dollars. That means you have less money than if you didn't
             | donate, even after accounting for the write-off. Arguments
             | that somebody only donated money for the tax write-off
             | usually don't make sense.
             | 
             | Possibles exceptions to this include hard-to-value assets
             | like art, where someone could potentially exaggerate the
             | value by at least 1/t to defraud the tax authorities, but
             | this doesn't seem relevant to donating publicly-traded
             | Microsoft stock. Bill Gates would be richer if he didn't
             | make these donations.
        
             | sjg007 wrote:
             | The US and the world really need an organized approach to
             | pandemics and it needs to be free of political influence.
             | Said work is going to require a lot of academic and
             | government support. If Gates can bootstrap that, that would
             | be a good legacy.
        
             | acomjean wrote:
             | Bill Gates was a ruthless business man, but through the
             | influence of his wife/father/Warren Buffet or some
             | combination, he's soften a bit and seems to have decided to
             | give a lot away and convince others to do so as well.
             | 
             | https://givingpledge.org/About.aspx
             | 
             | There's lots of weirdness in society about having the
             | wealthiest having influence starting to approach government
             | program status, but here we are. (perhaps they're trying to
             | blunt the income inequality complaints, but maybe they
             | really have come around to caring...)
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | It's actually the other way around: Buffett followed
               | Gates' lead on large-scale philanthropy, designating the
               | Gates Foundation as the benefit of his largesse. Yes,
               | each man had long-standing intentions for philanthropy,
               | but it really reached fruition together.
        
               | mssundaram wrote:
               | I can get behind the idea of his wife helping him to
               | soften, but not his father, who was just as ruthless in
               | his own profession
        
             | Avalaxy wrote:
             | What does Bill Gates care about optimizing tax? He is old,
             | isn't planning on giving his money to his children and he
             | has so much money he wouldn't even be able to spend it if
             | he wanted to. It makes no sense. Im pretty sure he does
             | care about his legacy on the other hand.
        
               | idownvoted wrote:
               | _isn 't planning on giving his money to his children_
               | 
               | 1. none of "giving pledge" signees pledged 100% - they do
               | pledge most of it, although inheriting "almost nothing"
               | of billions is still pretty comfy.
               | 
               | 2. the biggest cushion the heirs of Giving Pledgers will
               | inherit is something money can't buy: influence. After
               | all the Gates foundation is a family trust and as such
               | will be run by the trustee's heirs, when their parents
               | die [1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.theguardian.com/society/commentisfree/201
               | 7/jul/2...
        
           | bobo_legos wrote:
           | I think he's probably bored at this point. Whats there really
           | left to do at Amazon? AWS and the website are eating the
           | world. He's 57. Why not at this point go play with his
           | rockets and spend time inside that WaPo newsroom that he
           | loves.
        
             | catacombs wrote:
             | > spend time inside that WaPo newsroom that he loves.
             | 
             | Investing in journalism is actually a very good thing.
        
               | mmmeff wrote:
               | Definitely. So many tax loopholes to exploit.
        
               | catacombs wrote:
               | Ah, yes. Because owning a news organization, one filled
               | with people who can do investigations, presents numerous
               | opportunities to avoid paying taxes.
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | Especially if you can change the narrative from "evil
               | capitalist who forces his workers to piss in buckets" to
               | "pioneer O'Reilly tube colonist"
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | WaPo has publicized quite a few articles critical of Jeff
               | Bezos and Amazon, even after WaPo was acquired. So this
               | is something that seems to be just another baseless "jeff
               | bad" take.
        
               | morelisp wrote:
               | The questions shouldn't focus on what he lets get printed
               | - we still live in an age where journalism seems to have
               | minimal consequences no matter the quality - but what
               | happens if e.g. the WaPo Guild takes action in solidarity
               | with an Amazon union.
        
               | catacombs wrote:
               | > The questions shouldn't focus on what he lets get
               | printed
               | 
               | Bezos has no say in what can and can't be published.
        
               | morelisp wrote:
               | There is a difference between "does not have editorial
               | oversight" - which I believe - and "has no say in what
               | can be published" - which is trivially false since as
               | owner he could do anything from hire only sports
               | reporters to shut the whole thing down if he wanted.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | >but what happens if e.g. the WaPo Guild takes action in
               | solidarity with an Amazon union?
               | 
               | Luckily, we don't need to wonder, because WaPo has
               | actually posted that kind of an article just yesterday,
               | and it was extremely critical of Amazon's anti-
               | unionization efforts [0]. The article's headline is
               | "Amazon's anti-union blitz stalks Alabama warehouse
               | workers everywhere, even the bathroom". Even the headline
               | itself wasn't sugarcoated or softened in the slightest.
               | 
               | 0. https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/02/02/a
               | mazon-...
        
               | morelisp wrote:
               | This is not an especially a sympathetic article to either
               | side, but I'm talking about things beyond the core remit
               | of a newsroom. If Amazon workers strike, what happens if
               | the WaPo Guild refuses to cross the picket line by
               | accepting Amazon deliveries, using AWS, or run articles
               | alongside Amazon ads?
        
               | Barrin92 wrote:
               | Americans adopt that narrative voluntarily when it comes
               | to entrepreneurs, he doesn't need to interfere with the
               | Wapo newsroom for that. (and to my knowledge hasn't).
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | As long as it's unconditional investing...
        
               | mongol wrote:
               | I have no problem with conditional investing. If I owned
               | a media company, I would like to be involved.
        
             | sjg007 wrote:
             | As chairman and being involved in the WaPo newsroom and
             | possibly K street would actually help Amazon. But you'd
             | probably have to enjoy politics and does Bezos? Bezos built
             | Amazon so is he OK with it being chopped up if it comes to
             | that or not?
        
             | codq wrote:
             | He's one of the richest men in the world... and single.
             | 
             | We're about to witness one of the most glorious midlife
             | crises in history.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | I think having one in Musk is enough (though Musk is
               | married now). Don't need planet of the billionaire
               | bachelors in the midst of their midlife crises.
        
           | jeofken wrote:
           | Hopefully, the latter
        
           | crocodiletears wrote:
           | Hopefully the latter. We've got an excess of billionaires
           | trying to mould society with their vast sums of wealth.
           | 
           | Blue Origin would be a great use of his time. Massive long-
           | term benefit to humanity, few implications on global
           | governance or the lives of most individuals.
           | 
           | Or his own private charter city, so people have to consent to
           | live in his world.
           | 
           | Or he could blow it all on yachts, hookers and blow.
        
             | sjg007 wrote:
             | I don't understand why space rockets and lunar lander is
             | important except if they help us clean our planet. It's a
             | long bet on a long time horizon. But maybe it's a good way
             | to spend government money.
        
               | crocodiletears wrote:
               | Imo, it's a good way to keep people who're functionally
               | minor deities in terms of absolute power busy and
               | somewhat productive for a long time.
        
           | acomjean wrote:
           | His ex gave away 4.2 billion last December FWIW.
           | 
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/30/style/mackenzie-scott-
           | pri...
        
           | anonAndOn wrote:
           | Maybe there's a little PR FOMO? The former Mrs. Bezos is
           | making a name for herself as a very generous philanthropist
           | [0].
           | 
           | [0]https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/20/business/mackenzie-
           | scott-...
        
           | igotsideas wrote:
           | Hopefully, the former.
        
             | ignoramous wrote:
             | https://www.bezosdayonefund.org/
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Hopefully, the former_
             | 
             | Either one is a win for humanity.
        
               | wolfhumble wrote:
               | So now ONE person dictates what is a win for humanity?
        
         | afavour wrote:
         | I hope philanthropy, I expect space travel.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | Maybe really take the reins of BO? The company has been
         | floundering without strong leadership relative to SpaceX.
        
         | pluc wrote:
         | Become a supervilain/superhero. Not much else to do with that
         | kind of money.
        
       | irrational wrote:
       | My college student just called me saying, "Jeff Bezos is not the
       | head of Amazon anymore, but if he thinks this will fix his
       | problem he is wrong." Me, "What problem?" Her, "That we all hate
       | him." Me, "Who is we?" Her, "Everyone who sees how the
       | bourgeoisie are the enemy." Me, "Um, do you think Jeff Bezos
       | actually cares enough about your thoughts on him to remove
       | himself from the head of Amazon?" Her, "He's just hoping to
       | survive the revolution." Me, "So, how are your marxist courses
       | going at college again?"
        
       | km3r wrote:
       | '?'
       | 
       | After hours traders seem to like this move.
        
         | bobo_legos wrote:
         | Algos seem to be all over the place right now. But I think
         | they're just confused by this news and the earnings report.
        
         | bjtitus wrote:
         | Kind of hard to tell how much the transition announcement is
         | driving things given that they just announced predictably
         | stellar Q4 results.
        
       | omega3 wrote:
       | Looking at the lists of early employees and the
       | compensation/wealth of the execs has there ever been a company
       | where the wealth created went in a such disproportionate way to
       | the founder?
        
       | GizmoSwan wrote:
       | He has bought a new 0.5 billion dollar boat this year.
       | https://themarketherald.com.au/magazine/the-pursuit-of-comfo...
       | 
       | Bill gates is still renting.
       | 
       | What do you think he was going to do with all that cash.
       | 
       | After few years he will review his life after vacationing becomes
       | dull for the workhorse.
        
         | Tepix wrote:
         | Too bad it's not a sailing yacht.
         | 
         | He shares the vision of Gerard O'Neill. Making it reality will
         | require large amounts of money.
        
           | GizmoSwan wrote:
           | It is really trendy for billionaires to be interested in
           | space right now. I think they want to make money there. They
           | believe that too big to fail on earth means that they should
           | go where nobody has made any money.
           | 
           | O'Neill was product of academia, a physicist and not a head
           | of corporation.
        
             | mrep wrote:
             | Do you have an up to date source on bezos owning the flying
             | fox as that one is based on a tweet that was deleted and
             | everything I've read since says that was false including a
             | quick google search.
             | 
             | Also, I'm interested in how you think Amazon is too big to
             | fail because I most certainly do not think they are.
        
               | GizmoSwan wrote:
               | If you mean the boat
               | 
               | https://themarketherald.com.au/magazine/the-pursuit-of-
               | comfo...
        
               | mrep wrote:
               | Yeah, you already linked to that article which mentions
               | "A recent Twitter post" but of course has no link because
               | it is probably the aforementioned deleted one because
               | that website is probably complete BS. It does say january
               | 2 but again, the twitter rumor was 1.5 years ago.
               | 
               | Here is an article refuting that twitter rumor back in
               | august of 2019: https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-
               | bezos-rumors-own-400-mi...
        
               | GizmoSwan wrote:
               | Project Redwood.. LOL
               | 
               | Maybe he is leasing it. Businessinsider does not have
               | access to his personal account and neither does his
               | company.
               | 
               | They couldn't even get Trump's tax returns. They have no
               | clue.
        
               | GizmoSwan wrote:
               | Amazon is buying all warehouses and displacing regular
               | stores. If it fails people will have problems buying
               | things that they use to buy from local stores.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | > Bill gates is still renting.
         | 
         | What does that mean?
        
           | GizmoSwan wrote:
           | He rents big boats for holidays rather than owning one which
           | the feature of being retired or semi-retired billionaire.
        
             | the-dude wrote:
             | If it floats, flies or <insert your choice of words here>,
             | rent it.
        
               | GizmoSwan wrote:
               | LOL.
               | 
               | Apparently his rental is hydrogen powered.
               | 
               | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/02/08/bill-gates-
               | becom...
               | 
               | Another mystery about whether he actually owns it.
               | 
               | https://www.forbes.com/sites/arielcohen/2020/02/13/myster
               | y-s...
        
       | xibalba wrote:
       | I know there is a lot of hate toward Amazon going around these
       | days, including calls for regulation and/or break-up (to which I
       | am not necessarily opposed).
       | 
       | But, for my money, the world is an immeasurably better place for
       | the presence Jeff Bezos and Amazon.
       | 
       | Thanks Jeff!
        
       | dleslie wrote:
       | He's becoming Executive Chair, so he's not leaving the picture
       | entirely.
        
       | jvreagan wrote:
       | Incredibly grateful for what Bezos has built. I learned more in
       | my 6 years at Amazon that I have in my 20 other years in the
       | industry. And Amazon gave my autistic spectrum son a chance when
       | literally nobody else would.
       | 
       | Thank you, Jeff.
        
       | htrp wrote:
       | AWS about to take over all those prime video projects
        
       | rossdavidh wrote:
       | Absolutely, totally nothing to do with the "billionaire tax"
       | brewing in Washington state. But, you know, the timing probably
       | doesn't hurt.
        
       | mikojan wrote:
       | I vomited into my mouth a little
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Can we keep this kind of bs comment off HN please? Thank you.
        
       | wiremine wrote:
       | Crazy, he's one of those guys that you think will just be at the
       | top forever. Hopefully the transition for Amazon is as
       | (seemingly) seamless as the Steve Jobs/Tim Cook transition was
       | for Apple.
        
         | keanebean86 wrote:
         | Retiring at 57 is pretty risky. Hopefully his savings hold out.
         | He's looking at 30 more years of life. Personally I would be
         | too cautious to leave this early.
         | 
         | Edit: risking -> risky; fixed life sentence
        
           | faangeng wrote:
           | Yeah maybe he should've worked a few more years to shore up
           | his net worth a bit, a 50% drop in the market might force him
           | back to work
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | What a world we live in where a guy can work for 30+ years
             | in Big Tech and still not be able to comfortably retire.
        
             | genericone wrote:
             | Hopefully he has enough saved up in his 401k, his situation
             | may be better on traditional 401k vs roth.
        
           | elindbe3 wrote:
           | Yeah, he's just one health crisis from complete bankruptcy.
           | What if he goes to the hospital complaining of a headache and
           | they charge him $182 billion for an aspirin?
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | It's a joke but with the US healthcare system you never
             | know..
        
             | deegles wrote:
             | He should have bought Bitcoin if he wanted to be _really_
             | wealthy.
        
               | bigiain wrote:
               | He owns Blue Origin. He can literally go TO THE MOON if
               | he tries. ;-)
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
           | Whether this is satire or serious, I love it.
        
           | anewaccount2021 wrote:
           | Yup health insurance is particularly expensive for older
           | Americans!
        
           | bigiain wrote:
           | Super risky.
           | 
           | Assuming he lives past 100, and gets zero interest/return on
           | his ~200 billion net worth, he'll need to somehow keep his
           | spending below about a thousand dollars a minute to survive.
           | 
           | Sounds like real poverty to me...
        
         | riversflow wrote:
         | > Hopefully the transition for Amazon is as (seemingly)
         | seamless as the Steve Jobs/Tim Cook transition was for Apple.
         | 
         | I like Apple, but there is quite a seam with the Jobs/Cook
         | transition. That seam is the overly minimalistic industrial
         | design patterns witnessed in the butterfly keyboard, vanishing
         | ports, trashcan Mac, etc. They seem to finally be coming around
         | on this.
        
           | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
           | That's because Ive left. The product pipeline is now getting
           | to the post Ive point and you can see a distinct change.
           | 
           | IMHO Apple are stepping back from the form over function
           | precipice and are being more pragmatic, to the benefit of
           | customers.
        
             | riversflow wrote:
             | Exactly. It seems that while Jobs was able to
             | balance/direct Ive in a constructive way, Cook was not. So
             | at least from the outside Ive started to have an outsized
             | impact on the final product, to the detriment of the
             | product's final quality. It took Ive's departure for things
             | for things to go back to normal.
        
       | GizmoSwan wrote:
       | Time to spend the cash. The big money had been made.
        
         | 1-6 wrote:
         | I think retirement is more of a time to ponder life. I doubt
         | he's going to pull some big expenditure. He'll probably invest
         | in multiple companies.
        
           | GizmoSwan wrote:
           | I just posted a reference to his purchase of 0.4 billion
           | dollar boat.
           | 
           | He is retiring. Amazon is outcome of purchase of many many
           | companies just like Microsoft.
           | 
           | Gates is retired and Microsoft is still buying companies even
           | hotels; anything and everything has been bought with the cash
           | acquired from US's money printing machine.
        
           | idownvoted wrote:
           | _I doubt he 's going to pull some big expenditure_ - with a
           | net worth of 182BN USD there isn't really an item available
           | that would be "a big expenditure".
        
       | DennisP wrote:
       | Nightly news said he's going to focus his next efforts on
       | philanthropy, the Washington Post, and space travel. Maybe we'll
       | see a little more from Blue Origin soon.
        
       | daltonlp wrote:
       | "It remains day 1 for you suckers. $15 minimum wage, isn't that
       | great? I hope you are as proud of our inventiveness as I am. I
       | think you should be.
       | 
       | "For me, it's day 2. I'm excited about this transition."
        
       | Jonnax wrote:
       | " Amazon is also announcing today that Jeff Bezos will transition
       | to the role of Executive Chair in the third quarter of 2021 and
       | Andy Jassy will become Chief Executive Officer at that time.
       | 
       | "Amazon is what it is because of invention. We do crazy things
       | together and then make them normal. We pioneered customer
       | reviews, 1-Click, personalized recommendations, Prime's insanely-
       | fast shipping, Just Walk Out shopping, the Climate Pledge,
       | Kindle, Alexa, marketplace, infrastructure cloud computing,
       | Career Choice, and much more," said Jeff Bezos, Amazon founder
       | and CEO. "If you do it right, a few years after a surprising
       | invention, the new thing has become normal. People yawn. That
       | yawn is the greatest compliment an inventor can receive. When you
       | look at our financial results, what you're actually seeing are
       | the long-run cumulative results of invention. Right now I see
       | Amazon at its most inventive ever, making it an optimal time for
       | this transition." "
       | 
       | Here's the quote.
        
         | matmann2001 wrote:
         | _yawn_
        
         | kaszanka wrote:
         | Amazon _did not_ invent customer reviews.
        
           | impalallama wrote:
           | Pioneered is the key word here. The way Amazon does reviews
           | has become something of the industry standard.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Could you point me to another merchant who offered customer-
           | readable customer reviews before Amazon? I'm not saying there
           | isn't one, just that when we were implementing them, I was
           | unaware of any precedents ...
        
             | GraffitiTim wrote:
             | My memory is there were some stores that had "customer
             | reviews" before Amazon, but they were all screened by the
             | company before being published. So every product would only
             | have 5 star reviews.
             | 
             | When Amazon came out with real reviews, it seemed crazy to
             | many at the time -- like why would you want to share bad
             | things about your products on your own website? I thought
             | it was awesome.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | OK, so now this hinges on the idea that such stores had
               | an online e-commerce-y presence before amzn. Again, I'm
               | not ruling it out, but I don't remember us having any
               | real models for this.
               | 
               | Amazon's customer review system was created as a barrier
               | to entry for competitors, as much as anything else.
        
               | GraffitiTim wrote:
               | Your memory would be more credible than mine certainly!
               | 
               | Perhaps I'm remembering my/people's reaction to first
               | seeing reviews on Amazon.
        
             | ajliu wrote:
             | I'm not quite sure about the timeline of which was first,
             | but didn't ebay have heavy emphasis on seller/buyer reviews
             | early on?
        
             | 1_2__4 wrote:
             | It was the entire (original) business model of "Epinions".
        
           | foobarian wrote:
           | *on the web
        
             | antoniobermuda wrote:
             | Wasn't Netflix the first?
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | Amazon started 3 years before Netflix did.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | How about IMDB then?
        
           | savanaly wrote:
           | Pretty sure that was meant to mean "customer reviews" the
           | amazon product. See also in the list: "marketplace" which I
           | don't think they expect anyone to believe they invented
           | either.
        
           | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
           | Or insanely-fast shipping either, interstate phone orders
           | were being affordably delivered in less than 24 hours at
           | least in the 1980s.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | > We pioneered customer reviews
         | 
         | Perhaps, but you didn't get them right (nobody did so far).
         | 
         | > 1-Click
         | 
         | Reminds me of the guy who invented "half-click" buying, i.e.
         | you buy on the mousedown event.
        
         | ses1984 wrote:
         | Out of all those things the only two uniquely amazon are cloud
         | computing and fast shipping.
        
           | rrdharan wrote:
           | Cloud Computing is uniquely an Amazon invention the way
           | smartphones are uniquely an Apple invention.
           | 
           | Which is to say there's a sense in which you're right and a
           | sense in which this is an absurd statement..
        
             | mark-r wrote:
             | And Thomas Edison didn't invent the light bulb. History
             | doesn't look on him any less kindly for that.
        
             | mr_toad wrote:
             | There were data centres before Amazon, but there was
             | nothing like EC2. Infrastructure as code made all the
             | difference.
        
               | Aperocky wrote:
               | This. No one before used RPC calls to provision actual
               | infrastructure as a public business.
        
               | progval wrote:
               | > but there was nothing like EC2. Infrastructure as code
               | made all the difference.
               | 
               | I believe Grid5000 did it before Amazon [1].
               | 
               | It opened in 2005 and allowed users to automatically book
               | hardware (with OAR [2]) and install their own images
               | (with Kadeploy) on dedicated hardware.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.grid5000.fr/w/History [2]: https://www.g
               | rid5000.fr/w/Getting_Started#Reserving_resource...
        
             | koolba wrote:
             | Amazon invented cloud computing the way Ford invented the
             | automobile.
        
               | bernulli wrote:
               | I'd argue everyone who has heard of Ford is most likely
               | familiar with Mercedes, whereas the number of people
               | familiar with Amazon will likely be many orders of
               | magnitude larger than the people who know who invented
               | cloud computing. Not quite an apt comparison, imho.
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | It's definitely not absurd, even if they only deserve a
             | share of the credit.
             | 
             | There's nothing absurd about the way Amazon and Apple
             | defined cloud computing and smartphones. They deserve as
             | much credit as anyone for the services / products we know
             | today as cloud computing and smartphones. The version of
             | the smartphone that took off in sales, took over the
             | culture and has become a human staple globally, was
             | entirely defined by Apple's iPhone. No other company did
             | that, it was Apple, period. To not recognize them as the
             | prime mover of smartphones would be absurd.
        
               | rrdharan wrote:
               | > Amazon and Apple defined cloud computing and
               | smartphones
               | 
               | Absolutely. You'll note that the OP's word choice was
               | _invented_ - _defined_ would indeed be appropriate and
               | not at all absurd.
        
               | scottyah wrote:
               | I'm certainly no expert on what makes a phone a
               | smartphone, but it seems like Blackberries with their
               | email and small web functionality really kicked off the
               | movement of phones being able to do more than calls and
               | texts.
        
               | xxpor wrote:
               | Don't forget windows mobile. And Palm!
        
       | jobroder95 wrote:
       | One of the things underreported about Jeff Bezos is that he was a
       | seed investor into Google. He tried to buy the company for $100
       | Million dollars, I wonder how our landscape would have been
       | different if the merger went through. It will be interesting to
       | see how his other projects payoff.
        
         | ignoramous wrote:
         | Jeff was an early investor in Airbnb and Uber, too. And I am
         | sure many more companies as LP via other VC firms.
        
       | minimaxir wrote:
       | Bezos email to employees:
       | https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/email-from-jef...
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We've changed the URL to that from
         | https://ir.aboutamazon.com/news-release/news-release-
         | details.... Thanks!
        
       | devilduck wrote:
       | Too bad he doesn't care about the people who work for him
        
       | Donckele wrote:
       | Thanks for the motivation:
       | 
       | "Keep inventing, and don't despair when at first the idea looks
       | crazy. Remember to wander. Let curiosity be your compass. It
       | remains Day 1.
       | 
       | Jeff"
        
       | ksec wrote:
       | From https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/email-from-
       | jef...
       | 
       | >Fellow Amazonians:
       | 
       | >I'm excited to announce that this Q3 I'll transition to
       | Executive Chair of the Amazon Board and Andy Jassy will become
       | CEO. In the Exec Chair role, _I intend to focus my energies and
       | attention on new products and early initiatives._ Andy is well
       | known inside the company and has been at Amazon almost as long as
       | I have. He will be an outstanding leader, and he has my full
       | confidence.
       | 
       | This reads to me as Jeff Bezos doesn't want the boring job of
       | running AWS and Amazon anymore. He want something new,
       | 
       | >As Exec Chair I will stay engaged in important Amazon
       | initiatives but also have the time and energy I need to focus on
       | the Day 1 Fund, the Bezos Earth Fund, Blue Origin, The Washington
       | Post, and my other passions.
       | 
       | There are plenty of Growth left in Amazon and AWS. But that is
       | not as exiting as Blue Origin or Funding other initiative via Day
       | 1 Fund.
       | 
       | I still remember when Amazon was only selling Books. People
       | laughed, Media Laughed, and I guess most of us laughed.
       | 
       | Amazon is now a ~$1.6 _Trillion_ Dollar Company.
       | 
       | What an era.
        
         | hathawsh wrote:
         | Another thing I find interesting is that Amazon's main business
         | is so common that there's a single word for it: retail. They're
         | just yet another middleman between distributors and consumers.
         | Not long ago, a lot of the business world thought Walmart was
         | the indisputable retail king. Amazon proved there's still room
         | for growth in retail.
         | 
         | Will this simple thing called retail produce yet more trillion
         | dollar companies, or is it running out of gas? Will there be an
         | Amazon killer? History suggests yes.
        
           | fiftyfifty wrote:
           | Some companies are moving towards selling directly to
           | consumers, especially if they have a brand to protect. Nike
           | is pulling back from retail a bit and focusing on their own
           | website and app to promote and sell their products.
           | 
           | The flip side is Amazon has empowered a lot of smaller
           | manufacturers to get nearly direct access to consumers.
           | Especially Chinese firms but even some small American
           | companies have benefitted from the huge base of customers
           | Amazon gives them access too.
        
           | Aperocky wrote:
           | retail IS the economy.
           | 
           | Sure, you can pump money into building fighter jets and
           | aircraft carriers, but those don't last long, nor are they
           | helpful for economy in the long term.
           | 
           | In the long term, the only backbone of the economy is making
           | and selling things to people that they want, a.k.a retail.
        
           | ilaksh wrote:
           | What should kill Amazon is public protocols and fast
           | cryptocurrency transactions.
        
         | telltruth wrote:
         | To me he looks like retiring. Working on new projects while
         | _someone_ else is CEO hasn 't worked out well. Ask Bill Gates,
         | Steve Jobs (when Scully became CEO) and Larry Page. Bezos had
         | been buying massive houses and spending a lot more time there.
         | He had been seen with his girlfriend a lot more these days.
         | Before his affair, he barely had time for anything other than
         | Amazon. I think he is done with all ambitions more or less.
        
         | GizmoSwan wrote:
         | US printing machines has funded the share printing machine that
         | has allowed them to keep buying other companies.
        
         | munificent wrote:
         | For comparison, using national total wealth, that makes Amazon
         | worth more than Saudia Arabia, Denmark, Portugal, or New
         | Zealand.
         | 
         | It's $280.5 billion in revenue in 2019 put it above the GDP of
         | Romania, Peru, Ukraine, etc.
         | 
         | Corporations should never be allowed to get this large.
        
           | golemotron wrote:
           | > Corporations should never be allowed to get this large.
           | 
           | Countries either. Why did we allow it?
        
           | handmodel wrote:
           | I don't get the comparison here tbh. The valuation of of AMZN
           | is based on assets + future time-discounted dividends. While,
           | those wealth figures for Saudi Arabia are just assets. After
           | all Saudi Aramco, which is mostly state owned, is worth about
           | 1T.
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | Why should a global business never exceed the GDP of a 4
           | million person nation? I don't see any inherent connection.
        
           | Bostonian wrote:
           | That's the equivalent of saying "corporations should be
           | limited in what services they provide and to how many
           | people". And I disagree with that.
        
             | titzer wrote:
             | It's equivalent to a lot of different sentences. Any given
             | market has a maximum size, so if you want to limit the size
             | of a corporations' market share, you are absolutely
             | limiting "what services they provide and to how many
             | people". Or are you totally for monopolies?
        
           | spoonjim wrote:
           | First, Amazon isn't even worth as much as the oil under Saudi
           | Arabia, second, why is it better that murderer Mohammed Bin
           | Salman controls that much wealth than Jeff Bezos?
        
           | personjerry wrote:
           | > Corporations should never be allowed to get this large.
           | 
           | Why?
           | 
           | Bonus question: Why should governments be allowed to get that
           | big?
        
             | mullingitover wrote:
             | > Bonus question: Why should governments be allowed to get
             | that big?
             | 
             | I would argue that most of our current problems are
             | happening because our governments are small, ineffective,
             | and corrupt. I would prefer big, effective, smart, and
             | transparent governments that can take decisive action any
             | day of the week. I'd go so far as to abolish state
             | governments entirely and split their powers between
             | counties and the federal government; they were made for a
             | time when our communications were limited by the speeds of
             | our fastest horses.
        
               | splistud wrote:
               | They were made for a time when we were not so poorly
               | educated that we trusted leadership to people so far
               | away, with so little in common with ourselves and our way
               | of lives.
               | 
               | I tell you what, though. You design an effective, smart
               | and transparent government and I'll never say a word
               | about how big you would like it to be.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | > They were made for a time when we were not so poorly
               | educated that we trusted leadership to people so far
               | away,
               | 
               | How do we define 'far away'? I can have a face to face
               | conversation with someone at the opposite end of the
               | country with near-zero effort.
               | 
               | > with so little in common with ourselves and our way of
               | lives.
               | 
               | I strongly disagree with this. Partisan politics try to
               | paint people from different regions of the US as being
               | wildly different, and I flatly reject this notion. I've
               | lived in urban, rural, and in areas separated by
               | thousands of miles. Americans are far more alike than
               | different. There are the same (minor) cultural
               | differences within the average state as between states on
               | opposite ends of the country.
               | 
               | > I tell you what, though. You design an effective, smart
               | and transparent government and I'll never say a word
               | about how big you would like it to be.
               | 
               | I don't have all the answers, but I would start by
               | outlawing the bribery of public officials via campaign
               | donations, and I'd put the legislative process in version
               | control.
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | small and corrupt, so let's make them bigger and corrupt?
               | How much do you think the government should forcefully
               | take from its citizens to get bigger?
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | I mean, that's not what I said at all, and then I see
               | you're breaking out the old 'taxation is theft' sawhorse.
               | 
               | Personally I'm a 'taxation makes civilization possible'
               | man myself, and I find that the 'taxation is theft'
               | people rarely make meaningful contributions to society.
        
             | Dirlewanger wrote:
             | Governments exist as a collective to the public to do what
             | one individual cannot do on their own.
             | 
             | Corporations exist to enrich shareholders and nothing more.
        
             | xherberta wrote:
             | If the US hadn't dropped the ball on enforcing existing
             | antitrust laws in the 80s and 90s, we wouldn't have to ask.
             | Perhaps many more regular people would own productive
             | enterprises, and wouldn't be looking to government to
             | address inequality.
             | 
             | Now that both corporations and government are so big and
             | intrusive that they're somewhere between a nuisance and
             | prohibitive toward small-scale enterprise, we should at
             | least think about ways to sic them on each other.
        
             | wellthisisgreat wrote:
             | Yeah GP is unlikely to answer
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | The retort to your bonus question is that the government
             | doesn't get to "spend" its GDP. Although the counter-retort
             | is to bring up government revenue instead, where Amazon
             | instead slots in between Mexico and the Netherlands.
        
             | unethical_ban wrote:
             | Let's start with the premise that "representative
             | government is the union of the people" and "profit motive
             | is not always the best incentive for action in society",
             | and go from there.
        
               | da_big_ghey wrote:
               | I dispute that premise. I'd hardly call America "unified"
               | at the present moment; we are in such a state of disunity
               | that many are refusing to accept election results.
               | Pervasive as Amazon, Google, et al. may be, they are
               | still much easier to escape than the United States
               | government.
        
               | atq2119 wrote:
               | > Pervasive as Amazon, Google, et al. may be, they are
               | still much easier to escape than the United States
               | government.
               | 
               | Like it or not, there's always going to be _some_
               | powerful entity who you cannot escape because it rules
               | the land. The only question is what shape you want that
               | entity to have. Accountability matters, and so democracy
               | is generally a good place to start.
        
               | sbarre wrote:
               | I would argue that America is a terrible example of
               | government and governing, and that you shouldn't be using
               | it as a comparison in your argument.
               | 
               | Good government is hard, but it's certainly better than a
               | corporation that is legally obligated to put profit ahead
               | of anything else.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | Corporations are not legally obligated to put profit
               | ahead of everything else. That's a bad myth that refuses
               | to die. There is absolutely no substance to that claim.
               | 
               | There is no legal obligation to maximize shareholder
               | value.
        
               | sbarre wrote:
               | Sure sure, you know what I meant.. Legally in the sense
               | that for _most_ companies, if they don't prioritize
               | profits, they can potentially face shareholder lawsuits,
               | or management gets ousted and replaced by the board,
               | etc..
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | I don't know of anyone claiming it's a _legal_
               | obligation. It 's a _natural_ obligation, and it 's
               | worse.
               | 
               | The shareholders want profit maximised, and with that
               | end, decide upon the board of directors, who decide upon
               | the CEO. If the CEO does not maximise profits, the CEO
               | will not remain the CEO. Therefore, the CEOs of
               | (publicly-traded) companies are obliged to maximise
               | profits - those who do not feel such an obligation are
               | not CEOs.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | It's odd to claim companies are obligated to maximize
               | profit in a thread about Amazon, whose retail operation
               | isn't profitable and basically exists because Bezos
               | hypnotized investors into giving him free money forever.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Literally two posts above yours, the one your parent is
               | replying to, are the words "legally obligated to put
               | profit ahead of anything else."
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | Hmm. I could argue that technically there're sometimes
               | contracts with investors, but that's not about public
               | trading; they probably just didn't understand where the
               | obligation comes from.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | To clarify: I _don't believe_ that companies are legally
               | obligated to maximize profits.
               | 
               | I do believe that there are _people who claim_ that
               | companies have that legal obligation, which is what you
               | said you'd not observed.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | There's nothing new about the US not being united. The
               | Democrats dispute every election they lose, just as they
               | did in 2016. There is nothing new about it. The US has
               | rarely been united throughout its history in fact. It's
               | borderline a fluke that it has survived this long as one
               | nation.
               | 
               | And if you think it's bad now, it's going to get
               | dramatically worse yet. The largest groups that make up
               | the US today, that dominate its politics and culture,
               | have absolutely nothing in common with eachother and will
               | grow further apart as the years pass. The rancor will get
               | much worse. The populism will get worse. The end result
               | is obvious and unavoidable (and I'm not talking about
               | civil war, that's a redneck fantasy; it's tyranny,
               | oppression, endless strife, and ever worsening
               | dysfunction as the Feds try to contain the unspooling and
               | get ever more paranoid).
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | There's something to be said for Facebook being the cause
               | of America's division right now (amongst many other
               | things obviously).
        
               | ryall wrote:
               | I'd hardly call America a country with a governmental
               | system that's representative of the people
        
               | lnanek2 wrote:
               | What about starting with the premise that "a successful
               | corporation offers goods or services people want for less
               | cost than competitors" whereas a successful government
               | organization "exhausts their budget every fiscal quarter
               | and successfully demands more". Which is doing more good
               | for the people? I've worked for both and know which I'd
               | choose.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | Because someone will soon realise that "a successful
               | corporation offers goods or services people want for less
               | cost than competitors" is a great reason to introduce
               | slave labour to increase efficiency. Gig economy without
               | employment rights and stopping unions is just a step
               | towards that.
               | 
               | Also "exhausts their budget every fiscal quarter and
               | successfully demands more" applies just as much to
               | corporate projects. And given we gov agencies rarely can
               | solve the whole problem, why expect them not to exhaust
               | their budget?
        
               | fuzzfactor wrote:
               | A successful corporation performs its mission smartly and
               | reliably.
               | 
               | This may or may not include specified behaviors, tasks,
               | growth, marketing, sales, profits, goods, services,
               | employees, competitors, etc.
               | 
               | Even corporations without any shareholders are common,
               | found in the non-profit sector, but you do need corporate
               | officers regardless.
               | 
               | Would it be better if there were a couple non-profit
               | corporations with one or two million employees each the
               | size of Amazon or Wal-Mart, to go along with what we have
               | now?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | splistud wrote:
               | I don't see any reason to accept either of those
               | premises. Empirical evidence says you're 0 for 2.
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | If you think profit motive, rather than ethics and
               | benefit to society, should control prisons, the
               | provisioning of healthcare, or the education of citizens,
               | there is no middle for us to meet on.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | The right-wing (libertarian?) belief here is usually that
               | doing things for the benefit of society doesn't actually
               | benefit society, because irony always wins.
               | 
               | I don't know if this is true, but you'll only talk past
               | each other if you don't acknowledge it.
        
             | danbolt wrote:
             | Neither have to be that big. If something's going to be so
             | big and pervasive into people's lives though, then I'd
             | rather be able to have a democratic say in a government
             | than the Shinra Electric Power Company.
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | What do you mean by "get this big"?
             | 
             | Governments aren't defined by a market cap, but rather by
             | the services they provide to their citizens.
             | 
             | Consider that a private company's only goal is to enrich
             | its shareholders, and they have no responsibility to the
             | people or places around them. They are only accountable to
             | their shareholders and the government.
             | 
             | A governments responsibility is solely to its citizens who
             | also control it by vote.
             | 
             | The bigger your biggest companies are, the more powerful
             | your government must become to keep them in line - to
             | ensure they don't break the rules. If you want a small
             | government that is able to retain order and fairness, you
             | must also limit the size of the companies within its
             | purview.
        
               | basilgohar wrote:
               | That's a pretty narrow definition of a government. I
               | hardly think that's been the case for most of history and
               | I don't think that's actually the case in the majority of
               | nations to date, even at the surface.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Curious what definition you would use? Beyond the
               | obvious, monopoly on the use of force.
        
               | splistud wrote:
               | "A governments responsibility is solely to its citizens
               | who also control it by vote"
               | 
               | And most Western governments are now abdicating this
               | responsibility in the name of political ideals and the
               | stated notion that non-citizens have the right to demand
               | a place in the nation of their choosing.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > And most Western governments are now abdicating this
               | responsibility in the name of political ideals and the
               | stated notion that non-citizens have the right to demand
               | a place in the nation of their choosing.
               | 
               | Nobody is doing that. However, I'd suggest that even if
               | they were, it wouldn't invalidate anything I'm saying.
               | 
               | Non-citizens are permitted to immigrate under various
               | circumstances, defined under naturalization law.
               | Sometimes that's on the basis of being refugees.
               | Sometimes its on the basis of skills and needs. Sometimes
               | its granted in the face of exigent circumstances.
               | 
               | In the case of the DREAMers, it's based on the notion
               | that if you're brought into the country as a toddler,
               | then you didn't intentionally commit a crime and the fair
               | thing to do is to let you remain - in no small part due
               | to the _huge_ role these folks play in the economy. The
               | parents who committed those crimes are not granted any
               | sort of amensty.
        
               | da_big_ghey wrote:
               | Consider that politicians' only goal is to get re-
               | elected. While the rare exception may exist, that's also
               | true of companies. While governments are accountable in
               | theory, that rarely holds true in practice. I don't think
               | that a "bigger" government, id est one with more
               | regulatory oversight, would help; rather, use the
               | existing court system to enforce what we have. If we lack
               | political will to enforce the existing measures, adding
               | more will not help. A government need not be "big" to
               | have effective court systems and pass some rules on what
               | certain companies can and cannot do.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Monopoly rules only exist and matter because of the
               | government. It's pretty obvious that even with them,
               | there's a real pressure for consolidation (and that's
               | efficiency of scale).
               | 
               | The natural state of a company is a monopoly. Once you
               | are a monopoly, you don't need to worry about getting
               | "re-elected" any more than a despot does.
               | 
               | The free society exists only in the space between these
               | two clashing titans.
        
               | andrewjl wrote:
               | One of the ideas behind federalism was that government /
               | the state need not have a monopoly on everything.
               | 
               | Corporate monopolies usually only persist due to two
               | reasons: regulatory barriers or technological stagnation.
               | Both are solvable.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Sure regulatory capture can entrench interests, but
               | there's no reason to believe that in the _absence_ of
               | regulation one big company wouldn 't aggregate every
               | major market and just destroy all competition.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | If not for regulatory barriers, do you really think Bell
               | Systems would ever have lost its monopoly over US
               | telecoms?
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | Governments are defined by the populace and land they
               | have sovereign authority over, not the services they
               | provide. That's not terribly different from a corporation
               | being defined by its assets and employees
        
               | tal8d wrote:
               | Warmer... but not quite. Governments are defined by a
               | monopoly on force. Whoever distinguishes "murder" from
               | "homicide" is the government, and that government's
               | territory stretches as far as those definitions are in
               | effect.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Quinner wrote:
               | A corporation that didn't take its customers demands into
               | account would be quite likely to fail. There are many
               | governments that continue to exist by enriching and
               | providing for a small segment of society, and uses force
               | to suppress the demands of the rest of society. A
               | corporation generally doesn't shoot dissatisfied
               | customers.
               | 
               | Even in relatively liberal democracies, governments are
               | clearly more beholden to forces other than citizens and
               | their vote. There's a reason why US governments did
               | little to respond to massive BLM protests this summer, as
               | government viewed its responsibility as more aligned to
               | police unions than citizens.
        
               | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
               | > A corporation that didn't take its customers demands
               | into account would be quite likely to fail.
               | 
               | Meeting customer demands is only one way to compete. A
               | better facebook is going to still have a hell of a time
               | not being out-competed by facebook. Likewise with amazon
               | sometimes throwing its weight around to take a loss to
               | undercut competitors until they starve.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > A corporation that didn't take its customers demands
               | into account would be quite likely to fail.
               | 
               | Without a government to enforce monopoly rules, it'll
               | just aggregate all its competition into one big blob, and
               | you won't have any choice. Efficiencies of scale mean
               | there's a natural pressure towards consolidation. The
               | terminal state is always one blob that owns everything.
               | 
               | Once they do, they can smash any new upstarts, by
               | undercutting prices, or by just buying them too.
               | 
               | > A corporation generally doesn't shoot dissatisfied
               | customers.
               | 
               | Sure does shoot dissatisfied union leaders though [1] and
               | enslave children to farm cocoa [2], and take down a
               | democratically elected government kickstarting a 36 year
               | long civil war [3]. Also substantially all of the trans-
               | atlantic slave trade [4, 5].
               | 
               | These things were all allowed to happen because the
               | governments in those respective jurisdictions weren't
               | (and in the case of child slave labor, aren't) strong
               | enough to stop them.
               | 
               | The idea that "a corporation generally doesn't shoot
               | dissatisfied [people]" is a privileged western position
               | to take based on the current system working _pretty
               | well_. In places that have weak government, your
               | statement simply does not hold.
               | 
               | [1] https://prospect.org/features/coca-cola-killings
               | 
               | [2] https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/business
               | /hershe...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.umbc.edu/che/tahlessons/pdf/historylabs/G
               | uatemal...
               | 
               | [4] https://www.britannica.com/topic/East-India-Company
               | 
               | [5] https://dutchreview.com/culture/history/voc-dutch-
               | east-india...
        
               | solidsnack9000 wrote:
               | As a practical matter, without government to to enforce
               | contracts and protect IP, most of the monopolies we've
               | seen over the last ~120 years or so would never have
               | existed. There would not have been much to MSFT if
               | software piracy were a nonissue at the corporate level.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Without rules I think you'd see a lot more violence.
               | They'll get their way domestically, in the same way large
               | enterprise has leveraged violence the world over to get
               | their way.
               | 
               | Someone has to have a monopoly on violence or you're
               | going to have a bad time.
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | > Without a government to enforce monopoly rules, it'll
               | just aggregate all its competition into one big blob, and
               | you won't have any choice.
               | 
               | Thats not really true. There are tons of industries out
               | there that are highly competitive, and are not
               | aggravating into a monopoly, and those industries are
               | highly competitive without much action from the
               | government.
               | 
               | Sure, there are some industries that have huge network
               | effects, such as telecom, that have a tendency towards
               | monopolies.
               | 
               | But such industries are not the rule. There are instead
               | many industries where monopolies are not forming,
               | competition is working on its own, without the government
               | doing much to enforce that competition.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Do you have some examples out of curiosity?
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | Like almost every single major market where people spend
               | a large percentage of their money on?
               | 
               | Are restaurants a monopoly? Obviously not.
               | 
               | Cars? There are lots of options for cars
               | 
               | grocery stores? There are certain some big players, but
               | the 10 corner stores, target, safeway, and whole foods
               | within 5 blocks of where I live show that it is not a
               | monopoly. MAYBE you could argue geographic monopoly for
               | grocery stores, in certain limited exceptions in a few
               | small towns, but that is not the vast majority of people.
               | 
               | Housing? There are 10s (or Hundreds?) of millions of
               | people own their own home, or rent it to others. Clearly
               | That is pretty competitive
               | 
               | Lets now pick some random things that I see within
               | eyesight of me.
               | 
               | What about refrigerators? There are multiple refrigerator
               | companies.
               | 
               | Furniture? Probably a lot of companies make furniture.
               | 
               | What about shoes? Clothing? There are lots of clothing
               | companies.
               | 
               | And before someone says it, yes I am sure that every
               | example that I gave has some big players in the market.
               | 
               | But my main point is that I simply do not consider the
               | existence of some big players in a market, to be anywhere
               | even close to the same thing as a monopoly or similarly
               | non-competitive market. There is a huge gap between those
               | two things.
               | 
               | The only major exception to all of these examples, is
               | some of the new tech companies that have significant
               | network effects in winner take all markets. Sure, maybe
               | there is an argument that Google is getting to the point
               | where it almost has a monopoly on ads.
               | 
               | But, just looking around my room, and looking at the main
               | things that I buy in my life, which is food, shelter,
               | transportion, and clothing, it seems pretty clear that
               | most of these things have lots of competition, even if
               | there are some big players in these markets.
               | 
               | That is unless someone is going to make a silly argument
               | that the only markets that could be considered
               | "competitive" are ones in which there are 10 thousands
               | small businesses of equal size or something.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | I mean, all of these exist in regulated markets that have
               | antitrust regulations. Mergers simply would not be
               | approved. This is a function of the system working as
               | designed.
               | 
               | The trend however is clear.
               | 
               | It's extra clear in a market like air travel. Just two
               | decades ago the US domestic airline market was actually
               | _competitive_ until...
               | 
               | 1. 2001 saw TWA fold into AA.
               | 
               | 2. 2005 saw America West fold into US.
               | 
               | 3. 2008 saw ATA fold into SouthWest.
               | 
               | 4. 2008 saw Northwest fold into Delta.
               | 
               | 4. 2009 saw Midwest fold into Frontier.
               | 
               | 5. 2010 saw United fold into Continental to form
               | "United".
               | 
               | 6. 2010 saw AirTran fold into SouthWest.
               | 
               | 7. 2013 saw US Airways (and by extension America West and
               | TWA) fold into AA.
               | 
               | 8. 2016 saw Virgin America fold into Alaska.
               | 
               | When the government is asleep at the wheel, consolidation
               | happens. The only reason the Big 4 aren't the Big 3 is
               | because of regulators.
               | 
               | Out of your identified markets, the trend towards
               | consolidation is very clear - except where no meaningful
               | economy of scale efficiencies can be realized (such as
               | real estate, or taxis).
               | 
               | Cars, for instance, consolidated to such an extent that
               | only 14 car companies control 54 brands [1]. Again the
               | only reason there isn't more consolidation is because of
               | regulators.
               | 
               | Fridges are another great example. The market has seen
               | huge quantities of consolidation, and likely the only
               | reason it has hasn't progressed further at this time is
               | because of regulators. [2]
               | 
               | You're mistaking the system working for it not being
               | there at all.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.visualcapitalist.com/14-companies-
               | control-entire...
               | 
               | [2] http://www.appliance411.com/purchase/make.shtml
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | > It's extra clear in a market like air travel.
               | 
               | Sure, that is a market with large amounts of geographic
               | network effects. I already said that markets with large
               | network effects could have competition problems.
               | 
               | IE, with air travel, on any given route between two
               | cities, there might only be 1 or two airlines servicing
               | it. So yes, thats a problem.
               | 
               | Most things that people spend their money on do not have
               | much network effects, so my original point stands.
               | 
               | > to such an extent that only 14 car companies control 54
               | brands
               | 
               | So not a winner take all market then? Got it. I already
               | said that it would be ridiculous to claim that a market
               | would need to have 10,000 companies of equal size, in
               | order to be considered "competitive".
               | 
               | So yes, I consider the car market to be fairly
               | competitive, and not one where you only have "no choice".
               | 
               | > Fridges are another great example.
               | 
               | You just posted a link that shows that there are a bunch
               | of competitors, and that it is not a winner take all
               | market.
               | 
               | So I stand by my point that neither cars nor fridges are
               | in any way similar to something like internet service,
               | where someone might only have 1 or 2 choices, or
               | something like the Google ads business, where Google has
               | a huge amount of power in the market that is no way
               | comparable to the fairly competitive car market.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | I posit these markets only have many players because
               | regulation prevents their consolidation.
               | 
               | Cars went from 54 to 14 establishing clear directionality
               | and benefit. It's not going from 14 to 1 _only_ because
               | of laws against further consolidation in the space.
               | Regulators would simply deny their request to consolidate
               | further. Stopping at 14 isn 't some magical constant or
               | some natural end state.
               | 
               | My point is that the natural direction in each of these
               | markets is consolidation, then at a point it hits a dead
               | stop. Why is consolidation only useful up to a certain
               | threshold? It's not. Regulation steps in and keeps it
               | competitive.
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | > only because of laws against further consolidation in
               | the space
               | 
               | No, because these markets don't have some huge geographic
               | network effect.
               | 
               | The markets are pretty different than something like home
               | internet service.
               | 
               | The traditional example being that of water pipes, where
               | there is zero benefit to laying the pipes twice to a
               | house.
               | 
               | You should be able to see how a situation where laying
               | the pipes twice to a house is pretty different than a
               | situation where there absolutely could be benefits to
               | another car company being created, to manufacture new
               | cars.
               | 
               | > Regulation steps
               | 
               | I am not sure how you can claim with with a straight
               | face, that anti-trust laws/regulation is being strongly
               | enforced these days, and that this is the reason why most
               | industries are not turning into monopolies.
               | 
               | Anti-trust law isn't really enforced even in obvious
               | cases where it should be enforced these days , and yet I
               | see a world where there is lots of new companies entering
               | markets, and lots of competition, in most markets,
               | despite regulators failing to enforce regulation in the
               | exceptional and rare cases where it _should_ be doing so.
               | 
               | It is quite clear that regulation is not stepping in,
               | even in the obvious cases. So no, I do not believe that
               | the non-existent enforcement of regulation is doing
               | anything. Instead, we are living in a world that has lots
               | of competition, despite the fact that the regulators
               | aren't doing anything even in the blatant and exceptional
               | cases where it should, such as in telecom/internet/app
               | stores/ect.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | "If you want a small government that is able to retain
               | order and fairness, you must also limit the size of the
               | companies within its purview. "
               | 
               | Why does the government needs to be big (in size?).
               | 
               | It just needs to be strong enough and really connected to
               | its people it represents. Then also a very small country
               | (with a small government) can set up and enforce clear
               | rules on multinational companies, doing buisness within
               | that country.
               | 
               | The rules just need to be simple. If they are
               | complicated, it just means, those with the best lawers
               | will win and they are usually working for the
               | corporations.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Strength only comes in numbers.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | Not really.
               | 
               | With numbers come also internal struggles, that weaken
               | the whole system.
               | 
               | Look at switzerland or norway for example. They are small
               | in numbers, but don't get really screwed by big
               | corporations either.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | I suspect that's in large part due to their
               | interconnectedness with the European Union. Neither are
               | Schengen countries, or Eurozone countries, but they both
               | participate in the Single Market - and Norway is a full
               | participant in the EEA. [1,2]
               | 
               | Roughly speaking they coordinate on all major rules and
               | policies and practices with the entire rest of the EU and
               | therefore are effectively part of the EU for regulatory
               | and trade purposes.
               | 
               | The UK on the other hand, obviously just wrapped up its
               | Seppuku process of leaving the EU, and we're already
               | seeing the relative increase in their being taken
               | advantage of by corporate interests due to their much
               | weaker position.
               | 
               | Switzerland and Norway take advantage of the power of the
               | EU to push back on corporate interests, and the UK is
               | getting kicked around as its negotiating power just went
               | down by a factor of 10.
               | 
               | [1] https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-
               | regions/coun...
               | 
               | [2] https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-
               | regions/coun...
        
               | ufmace wrote:
               | I don't think the "responsibility" part is all that
               | important. There are many points about it that can be
               | argued, but I think the more important part is means.
               | 
               | Private companies' only effective means to do anything
               | are to produce a product that people freely choose to buy
               | and attract people to work for them (absent a few rare
               | exceptions).
               | 
               | Governments have effectively unlimited means to compel
               | people. They can spy on anyone, fine them, throw them in
               | jail, kill them, all for as much and as long as they feel
               | like.
        
             | notJim wrote:
             | That's not what national total wealth refers to. It refers
             | to the wealth of all citizens.
             | 
             | > National net wealth, also known as national net worth, is
             | the total sum of the value of a nation's assets minus its
             | liabilities. It refers to the total value of net wealth
             | possessed by the citizens of a nation at a set point in
             | time.
             | 
             | Given that multi-national corporations exist, it seems
             | obvious that companies will have greater wealth than
             | nations.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | > Given that multi-national corporations exist, it seems
               | obvious that companies will have greater wealth than
               | nations.
               | 
               | That doesn't follow because every non-totalitarian
               | country has multiple corporations operating in it, in
               | most countries a much larger number than the maximum
               | number of countries a corporation could possibly operate
               | in.
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | Market Cap is stupid.
           | 
           | What's the value of 1 million shares of Amazon stock? If
           | every single share of Amazon stock went on the market today,
           | would it be worth share price * number of units? Hell no.
        
           | SllX wrote:
           | > Corporations should never be allowed to get this large.
           | 
           | Make your case instead of dropping your groupthink
           | everywhere. Why? And: What is the maximum size a corporation
           | should be _allowed_ to grow? Who gives that permission now?
        
             | ufmace wrote:
             | Would also want to know, once you decide the maximum size
             | of a corporation, exactly what happens to it once it
             | exceeds that size, and who determines that it has infact
             | exceeded it, and carries out whatever the plan is for what
             | happens at that time.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | In the US, Congress decides the rules, the FTC and the
               | Department of Justice decide when they believe a
               | corporation is too large, and the court system decides if
               | they're right. The corporation can then be stopped from
               | acquiring other businesses, stopped from executing
               | certain business practices, or broken up into smaller
               | companies. Generally a judge ensures that the plan is
               | carried out.
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | Because money is power, corporations are not democratic,
             | and putting so much power in the hands of one person or a
             | handful of people is dangerous to society. I would also
             | refer you to the entire history of US antitrust law, which
             | will be hard for anyone to summarize in a comment. The
             | whole field of competition law is a question of how to
             | balance the rights of those running a business with the
             | rights of those affected by the business. Often those
             | rights conflict, and there is no way for the law to be
             | "neutral", it has to take a position on how to strike the
             | right balance.
             | 
             | I don't have an answer for how to determine when a
             | corporation is too large, it's a very difficult question
             | that I am not qualified to answer. As for who determines
             | that, I think a democratic government should decide. I
             | disagree with how the current US government makes these
             | decisions, but I still think it is the right organization
             | for the job.
        
               | DickingAround wrote:
               | I think the problem is that it's not obvious why getting
               | super big is bad. Anti-trust is a law around abuse of
               | customers by cornering a market. But what if they haven't
               | abused customers? What if they treat customers really
               | well and otherwise provide a lot of value? Why stop them
               | from becoming that big?
               | 
               | (It is a big company, but I also appreciate being able to
               | order on-demand compute, or getting like a hundred
               | million things in under a day delivered to my door)
        
               | telltruth wrote:
               | Imagine a $2T company. One day CEO decides that his
               | company should stand for only Republican values, donate
               | them handsomely, buy newspapers for them, start TV
               | channels for them, only offer employment to republican
               | leaning persons, introduce new laws through lobby... All
               | of these is in fact legal. When a company becomes too
               | big, a single person can control its resources towards
               | hurting political system, general public good, tilt
               | opinions and so on. You are then relying on this one
               | person to knowingly or unknowingly not make a bad move.
               | Most often, they will.
        
               | notSupplied wrote:
               | EU anti-trust takes harm to competing business into
               | account, but American anti-trust is totally focused on
               | consumer harm, and specifically harm from higher prices.
               | 
               | So unsurprisingly, American tech monopolies are usually
               | middleman-monopolies that offer low (often free) prices
               | while squeezing businesses on the other side.
               | Facebook/Google sells the user as the product, while
               | Amazon is GREAT for low prices, but not so great, and
               | sometimes ruinous for the sellers.
        
               | Ericson2314 wrote:
               | https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?art
               | icl...
               | 
               | The consumer welfare principle post-dates anti-trust.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | I guess it's similar to arguing against a benevolent
               | dictatorship. And I don't mean that to be snide, I think
               | if I met someone living under a truly benevolent dictator
               | I would have a very hard time explaining to them why I
               | think it's a bad and dangerous form of government.
        
               | noisy_boy wrote:
               | For one, if you don't like something, you don't get to
               | air your displeasure, find common ground with others who
               | feel the same and then band together to do something
               | about it, say, vote out the people who are the reason for
               | it. Benevolent dictatorships tend to bare their teeth
               | once the spotlight of scrutiny hits them.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | The parallels to Amazon's response to unionization
               | efforts are uncanny.
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | You're going to have to try harder than this.
               | 
               | Money is a _form_ of power, it is not equivalent to
               | power.
               | 
               | Amazon is valued at $1.6T and this is a calculation that
               | directly correlates to how much individual shares of
               | Amazon. Shares can be sold for money, but this decreases
               | the share of power the shareholder has by the exact
               | amount of shares they sold to the buyer, which increases
               | their shares and power over the company. The act of
               | buying and selling shares affects the stock price which
               | can increase or decrease the market valuation of Amazon.
               | 
               | If Amazon were a lone behemoth sitting on top of the
               | stock market and second place wasn't even close, I think
               | you would have a stronger case.
               | 
               | Checking literally thirty seconds ago, Amazon isn't
               | sitting up there all by its lonesome, it is the bronze
               | medal with Apple and Microsoft sitting above it, Apple up
               | above the $2T barrier, and Google lagging pretty closely
               | behind at 1.3T.
               | 
               | Now these market valuations will be a bit different
               | tomorrow, or next week, or next month, but none of this
               | is literal money in the bank. Money in the bank comes
               | from the products and services these companies sell.
               | 
               | They are also both cooperators and competitors with each
               | other and companies like Facebook ($761B), Walmart ($395B
               | I think it was) and Adobe ($232B).
               | 
               | The power they can leverage from these assets is immense,
               | but it is in competition with other motivated actors who
               | are throwing more actual cash around.
               | 
               | If we do nothing, it is likely there will be more
               | trillion dollar companies this decade than the ones we
               | are discussing now, some of those will be in different
               | market sectors altogether, and some of those will be
               | competitors, and some of those will be semi-competitors.
               | 
               | Companies with far less cash than this already lobby for
               | their interests in places like the Capitol, and the
               | amount of money they're using to successfully (and
               | unsuccessfully) lobby is measured in the low millions,
               | not the billions, and certainly not the trillions.
               | 
               | So what exactly is the problem that reducing the size of
               | these companies valuation and theoretical power supposed
               | to solve? How does this benefit society? Is society being
               | harmed by Amazon at $1.7T or Apple at $2.2B? Is the
               | problem their size or their practices?
               | 
               | Break this down. It's easy to say "no company should be
               | this size", it's a lot harder to say why, and I am not
               | convinced yet. There's plenty of people in the PRC with
               | billions, and that hasn't stopped the PRC from soliciting
               | them for "voluntary" contributions, so maybe lots of
               | money < lots of guns and a big Army in the overall
               | economy of power.
        
               | tovej wrote:
               | You are confusing a whole lot of concepts here, and at
               | times it seems you are arguing against yourself(?).
               | 
               | First you argue against great concentrations of capital
               | also being great concentrations of power, in this "yes,
               | but no" sentence:
               | 
               | >Money is a form of power, it is not equivalent to power.
               | 
               | This sentence seems to mean absolutely nothing. "not
               | equivalent to power" is some sort of vague semantic
               | argument about what power "is", that is not interesting
               | to the discussion.
               | 
               | Wealth _is_ power in the sense that you can use money to
               | affect change in the world. Wealth is the simplest and
               | most flexible form of power, because it can be directed
               | at anyone or any organization, and transformed into other
               | forms of power. And it even grows by itself!
               | 
               | You then talk about the market cap of Amazon. Why? The
               | market cap, while also representing a sum of money, is
               | not really relevant to the discussion. You even seem to
               | realize this yourself, but you do not really explain the
               | reason for bringing it up.
               | 
               | Are you trying to say that competition exists and
               | therefore everything is good?
               | 
               | That would be fine if it weren't for the fact that the
               | companies you mentioned do not compete in the same
               | markets. They share some markets, e.g. AWS vs GCP, but
               | you offer no evidence that this market is healthy.
               | 
               | Competition is key if you want a healthy market, as is
               | aligning corporate goals with societal ones. You could
               | even argue that competition for customer business is the
               | main mechanism for achieving alignment.
               | 
               | If you allow any one business to get too much power,
               | competition will weaken. Excessive power can come in the
               | form of excessive capital concentration. It can also come
               | in the form of other bargaining chips that come with
               | excessive capital concentration, such as: control over
               | resources used by direct competitors in a market, e.g.
               | the marketplace itself; the ability to create jobs,
               | politicians love jobs; the ability to invade a new market
               | by subsidizing a new department with capital from
               | elsewhere in the organization; or even an information
               | asymmetry created by a huge data collection operation.
               | 
               | Amazon exhibits all these forms of power and more. Some
               | of the other companies you mentioned exhibit these as
               | well. It would be in the interest of society to break up
               | monopolies and other concentrations of power that are
               | actively impeding competition in the way that Amazon is.
               | 
               | These ideas aren't new, developed nations typically
               | create institutions to maintain healthy competition. In
               | the US, the federal trade comission and the DOJ are
               | tasked with keeping competition healthy by enforcing
               | antitrust law. They used to be a lot more active than
               | they are now, e.g. when they broke up Bell. I wonder what
               | has made them slip...
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | Power takes differing and subtle forms: political,
               | electoral, military, obligation, legal, sexual and
               | official (as in the power practiced by an office holder).
               | Monetary power is precisely one type of power, it is
               | powerful, but is not power's only form. Everyone has a
               | price, except when they don't. Is a billion dollars
               | enough to make up for the loss of your son? What about a
               | trillion? Only if the value you placed in him could only
               | be measured in money.
               | 
               | > You then talk about the market cap of Amazon. Why? The
               | market cap, while also representing a sum of money, is
               | not really relevant to the discussion. You even seem to
               | realize this yourself, but you do not really explain the
               | reason for bringing it up.
               | 
               | You've lost the thread. Let me help:
               | 
               | ============
               | 
               | >>> I still remember when Amazon was only selling Books.
               | People laughed, Media Laughed, and I guess most of us
               | laughed.
               | 
               | >>>Amazon is now a ~$1.6 Trillion Dollar Company. What an
               | era.
               | 
               | >> For comparison, using national total wealth, that
               | makes Amazon worth more than Saudia Arabia, Denmark,
               | Portugal, or New Zealand.
               | 
               | >> It's $280.5 billion in revenue in 2019 put it above
               | the GDP of Romania, Peru, Ukraine, etc.
               | 
               | >> Corporations should never be allowed to get this
               | large.
               | 
               | > Make your case instead of dropping your groupthink
               | everywhere. Why? And: What is the maximum size a
               | corporation should be allowed to grow? Who gives that
               | permission now?
               | 
               | ===================
               | 
               | > Amazon exhibits all these forms of power and more. Some
               | of the other companies you mentioned exhibit these as
               | well. It would be in the interest of society to break up
               | monopolies and other concentrations of power that are
               | actively impeding competition in the way that Amazon is.
               | 
               | Sure, they exhibit power, they use their power, but is it
               | actually too much power? We can use any measure you like
               | that isn't market cap, now that we've re-established the
               | thread and where that came in. Pick your measurements,
               | and demonstrate how they show that Amazon is _too
               | powerful_ , not merely powerful.
               | 
               | > These ideas aren't new, developed nations typically
               | create institutions to maintain healthy competition.
               | 
               | As a general rule, although not a hard rule, I don't have
               | nice things to say about the laws of other nations. Your
               | task is much easier leaving them out of it.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | I'm not trying to convince you, I just wanted to answer
               | your question. I don't think it's possible to convince
               | you in the space of one comment, and if it is, I'm not
               | the one to do it. This is a centuries-old argument with
               | absolutely no expert consensus that seems to get more
               | difficult the more you study the issue.
               | 
               | If you want an easy to read modern political argument you
               | can read Break Em' Up by Zephyr Teachout. If you want a
               | more academic approach I would look up the syllabus of an
               | antitrust course and read some court cases, but different
               | syllabi will probably give you wildly different
               | conclusions. Supreme Court cases from a couple decades
               | apart will give you different conclusions. As I said
               | earlier, there is no right answer, it's about balancing
               | inherently conflicting rights and deciding where to draw
               | the line.
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | > I'm not trying to convince you, I just wanted to answer
               | your question.
               | 
               | Sure it is, if there is a good convincing case, you can
               | in the space of a single comment at least get me to
               | seriously question and re-evaluate my priors, check out
               | your book recommendations, and I would do the rest from
               | there whether I ended up agreeing or disagreeing in the
               | end.
               | 
               | Let's start with what is the impetus for action? Inaction
               | is easy, it's the default, but if my Representative
               | (presently Pelosi) or US Senators or their eventual
               | opponents and/or replacements trotted that line about how
               | a company shouldn't be able to get this big, out without
               | an attempt at a good explanation as why we should cap the
               | size of a corporation's growth, I would throw them from
               | the average politician column into the crazy column. Not
               | just because they are taking that position, reasonable
               | people can disagree, but because they would be seeking
               | power on that position and they would be seeking an
               | expansion of Federal power and action with that position
               | without justification, without a limiting principle,
               | frankly it looks arbitrary and capricious like an
               | imaginary line that exists only in their mind that no
               | company's market valuation must ever cross without
               | consequence.
               | 
               | The political will to power that led to the anti-trust
               | legislation, prosecution and conviction wasn't that the
               | defendants were merely too big for their britches; it was
               | their abuse of a market dominant position that it was
               | argued harmed the public. Even today reasonable people
               | can disagree on whether this was a justifiable course of
               | action on the part of the government, but I am not here
               | to re-litigate historical events.
               | 
               | Is the present position of Amazon and its close peers and
               | the other >$100B companies as measured by their market
               | valuations, not market share, not cash and other assets,
               | but present market valuations, equivalent or _like_ to
               | the situations in the past where the government was
               | willing and able to successfully pull the trigger of the
               | antitrust gun? To reiterate, what is the impetus that we
               | _must_ act given the facts that we have about these
               | contemporary corporations with such immensely high
               | valuations?
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Ok, this thread is mostly about Amazon, so let's talk
               | about impetus for action against them.
               | 
               | 1. Documented examples of Amazon knowingly using
               | predatory pricing to put a competitor out of business,
               | most famously with Diapers.com. Amazon saw them as a "#1
               | short term competitor", lowered their prices and took a
               | loss so Diapers.com couldn't compete, and then raised
               | prices again once they were able to acquire their
               | competitor. https://twitter.com/HouseJudiciary/status/128
               | 855628101652070..., https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articl
               | es/2020-07-29/amazon-em..., https://www.ftc.gov/tips-
               | advice/competition-guidance/guide-a...,
               | https://academic.oup.com/antitrust/article-
               | abstract/7/2/203/...
               | 
               | 2. National "competition" that convinced hundreds of city
               | and state governments to offer billions of dollars in
               | subsidies that most economists agree are harmful to the
               | places that offer them. You can blame this on incompetent
               | governments if you want, but the incentive must have been
               | pretty strong if so many of them fell for it. Maybe too
               | strong?
               | 
               | 3. Amazon controls its market and is also a participant,
               | so it can promote its own products above competitors'. It
               | can give its own stuff a bump in the search results, or
               | give it a nice looking "Amazon's Choice" badge, or
               | advertise it next to competition, whatever. Even the
               | potential of abusing this power is a problem.
               | 
               | 4. If Amazon were to ever abuse its position to harm a
               | seller or employee, they cannot be sued:
               | https://prospect.org/labor/biggest-abuser-forced-
               | arbitration...
               | 
               | 5. Amazon has enormous market share of online retail, but
               | sees third party sellers as competition and often works
               | against them. Many sellers simply do not have a realistic
               | alternative, even if they don't like Amazon's terms. This
               | is a news article with a lot of allegations that you may
               | not immediately believe, but I think it can at least be
               | considered an impetus for investigation: https://www.wash
               | ingtonpost.com/technology/2019/10/01/amazon-...
               | 
               | 6. Amazon Alexa has a nearly 70% market share in the US,
               | an absurdly high number. Alexa is not a standalone
               | product, it is deeply integrated into the Amazon
               | ecosystem and is used to promote other business lines.
               | 
               | You can also search for Amazon in here for some better
               | researched claims: https://judiciary.house.gov/uploadedfi
               | les/competition_in_dig...
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | #1: I did some sleuthing, Diapers.com, originally
               | 1800Diapers, LLC and later Quidsi, Inc. after they had
               | expanded into other lines of business started in 2005,
               | and you can read a PR statement from the time here: https
               | ://www.digitalcommerce360.com/2005/06/08/1800diapers-
               | co...
               | 
               | From the PR statement, you can see their growth hack:
               | 
               | > 1800Diapers also recently added a large selection of
               | very popular diaper bags, also at low prices with free
               | shipping. The Company actually guarantees the prices for
               | its diaper bags are the cheapest on the Internet or it
               | refunds the difference.
               | 
               | Price matching, which is not illegal.
               | 
               | So let's take a look at the website from 2005:
               | 
               | https://web.archive.org/web/20050301022607/http://www.180
               | 0di...
               | 
               | The best unit price on that page is $0.16 for 8 to 15 lb
               | babies, which after about 16 years of inflation, comes
               | out to $0.21 today. Pampers Baby Dry. The exact same
               | diapers are, at the time of this writing, have a unit
               | price of $0.21 on Amazon. Getting a link from the Amazon
               | app on my iPad where I'm typing this is amazingly
               | unobvious, so here's the item model # to search:
               | 037000862215 <------------ posted this comment and I see
               | my iPad thinks this is a phone number. I advise readers
               | not to click on it should the option present itself.
               | 
               | The company, Quidsi, Inc. was eventually purchased by
               | Amazon for $545M in 2010. It is not apparent that diaper
               | buyers were harmed by this transaction. The price beats
               | Walmart's at least, yet Walmart continues to sell
               | diapers, and you can find competitive prices at Costco,
               | though you cannot find the same model. At worst, diapers
               | are slightly more expensive today, and at best, this
               | whole line of argument is a wash. Yes, Amazon took
               | aggressive steps against a competitor, but was it an
               | abuse of their market power? Mind this is when Amazon was
               | far from the size they are today by any objective
               | measure, and ultimately the shareholders of that
               | competitor made out well for themselves. 1800Diapers was
               | also measuring their prices against their competitors on
               | the front page, March 2005, with an estimated 6% sales
               | tax rate baked into the price of their competitors, and
               | very prominently advertised the lack of sales tax. Amazon
               | was their only major competitor for which such a tactic
               | would not work so 1800Diapers price matched.
               | 
               | #2: The people I most hold responsible for cronyism are
               | the government officials which participated and bent over
               | backwards so that Amazon could try to get a discount on
               | some New York and Northern Virginia real estate. Not to
               | absolve Amazon, they hold responsibility for initiating
               | it, but cronyism falls squarely on the soldiers of the
               | officials willing to sellout their own tax base, and is
               | arguably an abuse of _their_ power.
               | 
               | #3: Correct. As does Safeway, Whole Foods prior (and
               | after) to the Amazon acquisition, Lucky's, Albertson's
               | (which owns Safeway, they might own Lucky's too) and
               | Costco. Amazon is a website you buy stuff, and some of
               | that stuff is Amazon products, and some of that stuff is
               | Amazon white-label products. There are other means of
               | buying and selling on the internet, and we are starting
               | to see the infrastructure for that develop now.
               | 
               | 15 years ago Walmart was the 800 pound gorilla destroying
               | retail. 30 years before that, Sears was untouchable.
               | Clearly it is possible to have a competitive retail
               | landscape even in the face of an enormously dominant
               | competitor. The small businesses that can't make it on
               | Amazon are in a tough business, in 10 years many of them
               | won't be around, but other products and service providers
               | will.
               | 
               | #4: There has been a lot of FUD around private
               | arbitration; I have yet to see solid investigative
               | reporting on it. The enabling law, not surprisingly from
               | the 1920s when a lot of crap law was written, is the
               | Federal Arbitration Act of 1926. The specific entity that
               | Amazon uses is the American Arbitration Association, and
               | only for claims that would not qualify for small claims
               | court if their agreement is to be believed.
               | 
               | #5: The WaPo article is less scandalous than I thought it
               | would be. 30-35% of dollars earned by 3rd parties goes
               | back to Amazon, but a lot of it in additional spend on
               | ads, which is basically priority placement like what you
               | would see in any supermarket, and additional services. So
               | it can be as high as 30-35%, but not every third-party
               | seller is paying that much.
               | 
               | They also have additional options to sell in.
               | 
               | Retail is a tough life. You can pursue your own path and
               | start a small business, but you're not entitled to
               | succeed in doing so. It sounds like for many small
               | businesses, Amazon is an enabling technology that makes
               | much of what they do _possible_ , and maybe even
               | profitable enough to continue doing so.
               | 
               | #6: 70% of the voice assistant market? I can believe
               | that. I am not a fan of this entire product category, but
               | Amazon moved early, it offered a compelling product and
               | it is kicking ass in name ID, the quality of the
               | assistant and price. They offered a compelling package,
               | and people bought it. Other than being overly aggressive
               | in invading the privacy of their customers who seem to
               | both know and not care, is there a specific harm in Alexa
               | dominating voice assistants in a world where a decent
               | number of people are walking around with devices in their
               | pockets that can respond to either Siri or Google
               | Assistant?
               | 
               | I do appreciate the effort on your part, but I want you
               | to see where I am coming from: it is easy to make bold
               | claims based off nothing more than emotions and bad PR.
               | Amazon has had a lot of PR, I won't buy anything I can
               | put in my body from them and I do the bulk of my shopping
               | elsewhere for various reasons.
               | 
               | However it is a difficult proposition to simply look at
               | big numbers, bad PR and come to the conclusion that this
               | company is simply too big! How could it get this big?!
               | How could we as a society allow this?
               | 
               | Turns out, it is mostly just that Amazon.com and many of
               | their products and services actually are compelling. I
               | remember when the iTunes Music Store was the only
               | compelling game in town in its category, until the Amazon
               | MP3 Store came in and easily took 20% of the market
               | simply by being good and compelling on its own terms, and
               | with a clear value proposition to potential customers.
               | Now it is all about Spotify, Pandora, my beloved Rdio was
               | gobbled up by Pandora and killed, Google has their own
               | music service, Amazon has a subscription, and most people
               | don't seem to be buying music anymore. C'est la vie.
               | 
               | If you're going to make the bold claims of this or that
               | entity in a world where no one person or group of people
               | seems to have all that much freestanding power anymore,
               | put the legwork in, make a real case. Power is relative,
               | and not always applicable, as in literally applicable in
               | every circumstance depending on the type of power it is
               | you are holding.
               | 
               | I will review the final link you sent at my leisure. For
               | me, the hour is late. Good night, if you respond by
               | morning, I will see it, but will likely be busy until
               | evening. For what it is worth to you, I'll even revisit
               | my priors, but it's going to be a tougher sell because
               | your position _used_ to be mine several years ago, but
               | not so far long ago that I don't remember.
               | 
               | That WaPo article is a good example of how I see things
               | differently than you now. If you see a bunch of horrible
               | claims levied against Amazon, I see a bunch of small
               | business owners who have problems, some of them
               | legitimate maybe, some of them not, but are a small
               | fraction of the 2.5M 3rd party sellers the WaPo says are
               | on Amazon making a living somehow. That's a decent number
               | of people doing what they do to really not have any other
               | choice for making a living, and I'm sure I can round up a
               | thousand of them to complain about Amazon shafting them
               | if I tried. For reference, there's about 2 million farms
               | in America.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | I think we just have different value systems. For me,
               | even the potential of abusing these powers is enough to
               | break up Amazon, and I see very little reason to hold
               | back. It's like trying to prevent a country from
               | developing nuclear weapons, even though they have a great
               | government and there's no evidence they would ever abuse
               | them.
               | 
               | Basically, Amazon's "right to grow" or whatever is not
               | important at all to me, and I don't see what harm is done
               | by breaking them up. I guess a few executives and large
               | shareholders might lose some money, but everybody keeps
               | their jobs, their products will continue, it just feels
               | as obvious to me as your position feels to you.
               | Corporations don't have rights and are not innocent until
               | proven guilty, there's no need to convict them of a
               | crime. It's like city planning: if the community would be
               | better served by removing a highway and putting in some
               | dedicated bus lanes, you just take a vote and then do it,
               | you don't have to wait until there's a 20 car pileup on
               | the highway to take action.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | > corporations are not democratic, and putting so much
               | power in the hands of one person or a handful of people
               | is dangerous to society.
               | 
               | Citation needed. Democracy is not a sufficient nor even
               | necessary requirement for prosperity or "good" in
               | general.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Not really possible to give you a citation, it's an
               | opinion, or a philosophy. If you have a different idea of
               | an ideal society, we're not going to cite our way to an
               | agreement.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | If you're going to dictate an opinion over an entire
               | social structure, then it better be proven to work. My
               | idea of an ideal society has already been proven to work
               | in the past (look at the Islamic Golden Age). However,
               | many of those in power today won't allow it to happen
               | since it is against their interests.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | I'm sorry, I don't understand what you mean by "proven to
               | work". Give me any society in the history of the world,
               | and I'll give you a moral framework that makes that
               | society ideal. There is no right answer, there is no
               | reference society we can use as a baseline.
               | 
               | Do you want me to cite some philosophers that try to
               | justify the value of democracy?
               | 
               | > However, many of those in power today won't allow it to
               | happen since it is against their interests.
               | 
               | Is this bad? Can you prove it? The idea that the few
               | shouldn't rule over the many without their consent is a
               | political opinion.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | The modern West thinks that their version of democracy is
               | the only way to success or prosperity, conveniently
               | ignoring what it took them to get there. I read an
               | interesting article that was making the argument that
               | it's because the modern West is already prosperous that
               | they have the luxury to run their nations under their
               | version of democracy, not that democracy caused them to
               | become that way.
               | 
               | The end goal is to have a functioning, stable, and just
               | society. Unless we're willing to stick to rules that are
               | proven to work, we're going to keep fumbling and
               | wondering why things are the way they are. I bring up the
               | Islamic Golden Age because Islam places a set of rules
               | which dictate things like government and finance,
               | basically red lines that should not be broken. However,
               | everything within those lines are up to society to decide
               | as it sees fit based on the times.
               | 
               | I don't want to say that Islam is "democractic" because
               | that would give the wrong impression that it is fully in
               | line with the West's current practices. It isn't.
               | However, it has a concept known as "Shura", a form of
               | consultation if you will, that allows society to
               | determine how things are run within the boundaries I
               | mentioned, even including the ruler (but not in the free
               | for all manner how elections are run in the West). It's
               | more nuanced, and it's been proven to work.
               | 
               | You can cite philosophers, and I can also cite
               | philosophers that oppose democracy (again in the Western
               | sense). It won't get anywhere, it's all hypothetical.
               | What I did do is show you a system that has been
               | historically proven to work. Today's system is a fumbling
               | mess and we keep crying about it.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | I guess I'm stuck on the phrase "just society". Your
               | position, which is perfectly reasonable, is that a stable
               | society that achieves economic, scientific, and cultural
               | prosperity is a good society. Some people value having an
               | equal voice in their government above _all_ of those
               | things. It is not just posturing, it is a genuine belief
               | sincerely held by many people. They would consider the
               | Islamic Golden Age to be an unjust society. Other people
               | sincerely believe that the current system in America is
               | working, by their metrics. They don 't want anything to
               | change. Some people would rather die than live in a
               | society where they can't practice their religion, some
               | people think any religion is incompatible with a just
               | society, some people think society can't be considered
               | just until everyone follows their religion. Since there
               | is no such thing as objective justice, there is no way to
               | "prove" that any of these positions work. They work if
               | you think they work.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | > Some people value having an equal voice in their
               | government above all of those things.
               | 
               | You're going to have to elaborate more, because Islam
               | definitely allows people to have their voices heard.
               | Furthermore, it not only allows people of different
               | faiths to live on its lands, their rights are heavily
               | protected by the law:
               | 
               | http://qaalarasulallah.com/hadithView.php?ID=23053
               | 
               | Note that the word "contracting man" here refers to a
               | non-Muslim.
               | 
               | If this isn't the manifestation of justice, I don't know
               | what is.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | I was just responding to your statement that Islam isn't
               | exactly democratic in the modern sense, and there are
               | some "boundaries". Presumably that means there are some
               | issues where an average citizen doesn't get a vote? I am
               | not making a value judgement, I am just trying to explain
               | how it is possible for someone to believe differently
               | than you.
               | 
               | > If this isn't the manifestation of justice, I don't
               | know what is.
               | 
               | Now imagine somebody saying that exact sentence in
               | response to, for example, a man being stripped of his
               | possessions because his caste is not allowed to own
               | property. Clearly that kind of law is not reconcilable
               | with your idea of a good society, and yet you both
               | consider these contradictory things to be perfect
               | justice. Does that illustrate my point?
               | 
               | Or: the next verse says that certain taxes should only be
               | leveled on non-Muslims. I don't care whether or not you
               | agree with this, the point is that _both views are
               | possible_. It 's impossible to prove that religious
               | discrimination is just or unjust. It's an opinion! A
               | society could survive perfectly well with or without that
               | rule. Different value systems will come to different
               | conclusions about whether that rule is a good idea.
        
               | ibn_khaldun wrote:
               | Your username implies a gross bias.
               | 
               | > Now imagine somebody saying that exact sentence in
               | response to, for example, a man being stripped of his
               | possessions because his caste is not allowed to own
               | property.
               | 
               | Is this in reference to an Islamic position? If so please
               | provide a source.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Not it isn't, it was an example intended to be completely
               | contradictory to the Islamic position, to illustrate how
               | two people can both believe their completely
               | irreconcilable systems are the pinnacle of justice.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | > Presumably that means there are some issues where an
               | average citizen doesn't get a vote?
               | 
               | Look up Shura laws on how these things work. Topics are
               | delegated to experts in their respective fields who have
               | the obligation to act out of interest of the society, a
               | form of "meritocracy" if you will. This doesn't mean that
               | average citizens cannot be consulted.
               | 
               | > for example, a man being stripped of his possessions
               | because his caste is not allowed to own property. Does
               | that illustrate my point?
               | 
               | No it doesn't, because Islam does not prohibit non-
               | Muslims from owning properties. You have not shown what
               | issues you have with the Islamic system so far other than
               | conjecture.
               | 
               | > the next verse says that certain taxes should only be
               | leveled on non-Muslims
               | 
               | Because non-Muslims are not required to pay Zakat,
               | Muslims are already "taxed".
               | 
               | I feel that the discussion went on a tangent. The fact of
               | the matter is that it is perfectly not only possible to
               | build a society without the dangerous practice of
               | interest, but it is in the benefit of the entire society
               | to do so (except a relative few who stand to benefit
               | extremely from interest and other similar practices).
               | We've known about it for a long time now.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | I agree this is a tangent. The point that I am failing to
               | make is that even if you and I agree that the Islamic
               | Golden Age was the perfect society, we cannot "prove"
               | that, and many people believe it was a terrible society
               | by definition, because they have very different value
               | systems than us.
        
               | woofie11 wrote:
               | Perhaps.
               | 
               | Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all
               | the others. I'm a firm believer in continuing to innovate
               | and improve governance. I don't think it's just an
               | abstract philosophical argument. These things can be
               | modeled with game theory (cite: The Dictator's Handbook).
               | 
               | There are opinions and philosophies about evolution,
               | vaccines, and lots of other things, but at the end of the
               | day, those can be resolved through rational discourse.
               | 
               | I'd like my government to look out for my interests. I'd
               | like it to be competent and not corrupt. There are lots
               | of ideas for how to get there, and I'm really not
               | comfortable with the imperialism of democracy.
               | 
               | China had good ideas with civil service exams, which
               | select for competence. Aristotle and Confucius had good
               | ideas around moral philosophy of rulers. Marx had some
               | nice ideas too. They didn't play out as well in practice
               | as capitalist democracy, but that doesn't mean we should
               | toss up our hands, give up, and quit trying. Especially
               | now that we have tools for corrupting democracy like
               | never before, and conversely, ways to model governance
               | like never before.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | A discussion about vaccines can be resolved through
               | rational discourse only if everyone agrees that diseases
               | are bad for you. If I think disease is good, you can't
               | convince me that vaccines are good for society, even if
               | we agree on their effects.
               | 
               | That's a contrived example, but this kind of disagreement
               | is very common in discussions about government and
               | society. If you believe that individual choice is
               | important and all humans are born with equal rights, and
               | I believe that individual choice is unimportant and some
               | humans are born superior to others, we are never going to
               | agree on an ideal form of government. We can have full
               | agreement on the facts and full disagreement on what we
               | consider to be a "good" outcome.
               | 
               | You mentioned game theory, but you can't design one model
               | that will satisfy one person who wants to maximize
               | outputs for all players, one person who wants to weight
               | players in different castes differently, and one person
               | who wants to set a hard cap on all players because too
               | much material comfort leads us away from God.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | The solution is to look at systems that have been proven
               | to work. I brought up the Islamic Golden Age in this
               | thread. It doesn't have the nonsense of putting a hard
               | cap on anyone's wealth. It actually encourages people to
               | work and gather wealth morally, and spend it correctly.
               | The best of both worlds so to speak.
        
               | woofie11 wrote:
               | ... and it comes with a built in wealth tax (zakat),
               | which is just about the best economic idea EVER. And it
               | prevents loans with interest. And there are versions
               | which embody economic free trade (the whole debate about
               | political borderds). And...
               | 
               | ... it's almost as if Mohammed was an economist who
               | foresaw all the economic problems of the 21st century,
               | and built protections around them.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | > ... it's almost as if Mohammed was an economist who
               | foresaw all the economic problems of the 21st century,
               | and built protections around them.
               | 
               | Peace be upon him. It's simply more evidence of his
               | prophethood :)
        
               | woofie11 wrote:
               | That's not really my experience.
               | 
               | (1) Right now, virtually everyone agrees that individual
               | choice is important and all humans are born with equal
               | rights
               | 
               | (2) If they don't, it's often possible to come up with
               | solutions which work for everyone. The problem is when
               | people jump to solutions ("democracy") rather than
               | problem-statements and first principles.
               | 
               | The early US is a good examples of -- actually quite
               | exactly -- your contrived example. The South had slavery.
               | The North didn't. There was an overarching federal
               | government which dealt with military and foreign
               | diplomacy. It worked for a bit over a half-century until
               | it didn't, mostly for reasons unrelated to why it worked
               | as long as it did (the expansion of northern culture west
               | upset the design, as it had an upper hand in congress).
               | 
               | My claim is that there are systems of government which do
               | a better job of protecting individual choice and equal
               | rights than capitalist democracy. My claim is that if you
               | articulated your value system completely (probably not on
               | a web forum but over an hour-long coffee), we could
               | probably design a better one around your values, which
               | also did better for most people's values. My claim is
               | also that if you've signed an NDA, you probably don't
               | have all that much individual liberty.
        
             | beowulfey wrote:
             | Well, one way to think about it is to consider what the
             | effect of the growth might be. What good is a corporation
             | doing getting that large? Who benefits from the amassing of
             | so much wealth? Are they acting for the benefit of many
             | people, or are they more like a black hole -- mindlessly
             | absorbing money and growing over time?
             | 
             | Certainly if a corporation can grow to get so large, it's
             | hard to argue against it. It becomes a bit like a force of
             | nature in that sense. But there are possibly repercussions
             | to that, just as there would be repercussions if a black
             | hole were to suddenly appear in our solar system.
        
               | pgsimp wrote:
               | So far, people seem to be benefitting from Amazon.
        
               | px43 wrote:
               | I like that Jeff has the funds to dump into important
               | projects like Blue Origin, and General Fusion, etc.
               | Projects that have zero chance to be profitable at a
               | small scale, but significant benefits to humanity once
               | things start working.
               | 
               | Elon is probabally the prime example of a crazy
               | billionaire who dumps his wealth into wildly unprofitable
               | ventures to get things done for the betterment of
               | humanity.
               | 
               | Of course most billionaires end up like Larry Ellison,
               | whose only drive seems to be increasing the size of his
               | boat collection. He has every right to be doing his own
               | thing, but it would be nice if there was a way to
               | incentivize incredibly risky projects with a potential
               | for significant public good.
        
               | smabie wrote:
               | while there are exceptions, most companies sell products
               | and therefore mostly grow by selling products. That is,
               | they grow because people think there is value to the
               | product and fork over there hard earned money.
               | 
               | As such, it's pretty clear that Amazon is providing
               | tremendous value to society.
        
             | nicoffeine wrote:
             | > I do not believe that in the four administrations which
             | have taken place, there has been a single instance of
             | departure from good faith towards other nations. we may
             | sometimes have mistaken our rights, or made an erroneous
             | estimate of the actions of others, but no voluntary wrong
             | can be imputed to us. in this respect England exhibits the
             | most remarkable phaenomenon in the universe in the contrast
             | between the profligacy of it's government and the probity
             | of it's citizens. and accordingly it is now exhibiting an
             | example of the truth of the maxim that virtue & interest
             | are inseparable. it ends, as might have been expected, in
             | the ruin of it's people. but this ruin will fall heaviest,
             | as it ought to fall, on that hereditary aristocracy which
             | has for generations been preparing the catastrophe. I hope
             | we shall take warning from the example and crush in it's
             | birth the aristocracy of our monied corporations which dare
             | already to challenge our government to a trial of strength,
             | and to bid defiance to the laws of their country.
             | 
             | --Thomas Jefferson, 1812 [1]
             | 
             | When private power eclipses democratic power, you cease to
             | have a democracy. You have a dominant
             | aristocracy/oligopoly, which is not functionally different
             | for 99% of the populace than a monarchy. Extremely large
             | corporations are filled to the brim with powerful but
             | incompetent people who got there through connections and
             | political warfare instead of merit.
             | 
             | A corporation should be allowed to grow until the point
             | where they own enough of the government to make their own
             | rules and avoid paying taxes like the rest of us. As soon
             | as they do that, they should be split across state lines so
             | there is more democratic control over their behavior, and
             | they are small enough to audit and tax accordingly.
             | 
             | [1] https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/03-10
             | -02-0...
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | Jefferson spent his public life defending the sanctity of
               | private life and actively fighting against expanding the
               | size, capacity and capabilities of the Federal government
               | beyond what he saw as virtuous.
               | 
               | The United States is without a King nor aristocrats who
               | hold seats in a House of Lords by their birth; it is
               | without a House of Lords!
               | 
               | What you advocate is anti-Jeffersonian in both its intent
               | and nature, and therefore you are without just cause
               | citing Jefferson.
               | 
               | So if you wish to break with Jefferson and make your own
               | advocation, do so without citing the dead when you
               | clearly have no business doing so, and put your own
               | thoughts and words behind that arrow.
        
             | megablast wrote:
             | It's obvious. Too much power under one non elected person
             | with very few checks. It's similar to a dictator of a small
             | country, with global scope.
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | That's not obvious. They don't have diplomatic immunity,
               | issue passports or visas, have the power to pass laws, do
               | not have the power to detain, arrest, prosecute, convict,
               | imprison or kill, and they have no military power.
               | 
               | In what way are they like dictatorships by engaging in
               | commercial activities and being worth a large sum of
               | money based on what their shares are bought and sold at?
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | All people only have 24 hours a day even if they're rich.
               | It's easy to combat them if you care more than they do;
               | all these huge tech companies have surprisingly little
               | political power and constantly lose local battles to
               | activist groups and retired homeowners.
               | 
               | Bezos can hire people to do things for him, but clearly
               | this has limits, he isn't sending hitmen after Amazon
               | critics even if he could pay them $1 billion Amazon
               | shares each.
        
           | Artistry121 wrote:
           | I'm glad Amazon is larger and more powerful than most nation
           | states.
        
           | airstrike wrote:
           | > Corporations should never be allowed to get this large.
           | 
           | Ok, I'll bite. Why? It's not like there's some natural law
           | against it, so you need to provide an argument for why you
           | think they shouldn't.
        
             | cj wrote:
             | https://www.google.com/search?q=site%3Anews.ycombinator.com
             | +...
        
             | andrewjl wrote:
             | It's very hard for a corporation to get large without
             | explicit or implicit government support. Truly competitive
             | markets do not allow monopolies to develop in the long-
             | term.
        
             | TLightful wrote:
             | I just thought of a new concept. I call it 'monopoly'. I'm
             | going to write a book on it and sell it on Amazon.
        
             | agloeregrets wrote:
             | The obvious argument is the adage that "If a company's only
             | goal is to grow at any cost it is not a company. It's a
             | cancer." Secondary item is that a company of this scale has
             | the ends and means to ward off any competitor and
             | eventually set the wages for an industry. Companies scaling
             | to this size is evidence that the taxation system is too
             | lax and allows money to be funneled out of the loop.
             | 
             | Think of it like a pool pump that has sprung a leak. It
             | keeps sucking in but not pupping out into the pool, Amazon
             | is amassing this money by NOT spending it on the economy.
             | Eventually your pool will be stuck at the lowest line of
             | the pump inlet.
        
               | sigstoat wrote:
               | > Amazon is amassing this money by NOT spending it on the
               | economy
               | 
               | as the sibling comment notes, amazon is not amassing
               | money. rather, amazon has amassed value.
               | 
               | you might want to familiarize yourself with what a
               | corporate valuation is, and means.
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | Amazon is amassing money by transforming the world and
               | increasing efficiency. Everyone is richer, it's not a
               | zero sum game.
        
               | andrewjl wrote:
               | Why is increasing efficiency always net good?
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | Because we get more than we had before. As costs go down,
               | the risk of innovation goes down, we're able to be more
               | responsive, able to do new things. People are able to
               | have more variety to meet their individual needs and
               | preferences.
               | 
               | In short we get more or work less and the overall quality
               | of life for everyone increases.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | > Amazon is amassing this money by NOT spending it on the
               | economy.
               | 
               | Quite incorrect on this point, Amazon has pretty small
               | cash reserves compared to peer tech companies. Even then,
               | if Amazon were merely putting that money in the bank,
               | where is it going? It's getting loaned out to other
               | companies and consumers, who are spending it, investing
               | it, etc via fractional reserve banking.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | titzer wrote:
           | > Corporations should never be allowed to get this large.
           | 
           | This is partly why I left Google.
        
           | cafed00d wrote:
           | > It's $280.5 billion in revenue in 2019 put it above the GDP
           | of Romania, Peru, Ukraine, etc.
           | 
           | > Corporations should never be allowed to get this large.
           | 
           | Or maybe we should convince a larger swath of humanity to
           | unite behind an idea larger than "nationhood" or "my
           | country".
        
             | ep103 wrote:
             | a larger organization... like a corporation?
        
             | yourself92 wrote:
             | Maybe I'm just pessimistic but I doubt that will happen
             | until there is a clear existential crisis for humanity.
             | 
             | It will always be a matter of "us vs them" it's just a
             | matter of who is "us" or "them"
        
               | splistud wrote:
               | An existential crisis for humanity is absolutely NOT the
               | kind of climate that would cause humans to stop valuing a
               | nation, a people, a culture, or their ancestry. I would
               | argue that it is only the benign environment that most
               | humans have enjoyed for the last 60 years or so that has
               | caused these values to mean less than they always have.
        
             | WitCanStain wrote:
             | A for-profit corporation seems like a terrible candidate
             | for such a position.
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | Why it actually provides things people want and is based
               | on voluntary interaction.
        
               | Jetrel wrote:
               | The crux of the argument really focuses on that "for
               | profit" bit, and that's really a conundrum in corporate
               | governance. The problem isn't at all "corporations",
               | which are just assemblies of humans for a common purpose,
               | but is the specific, legally-arguable requirement that
               | their ultimate purpose is maximizing profit. The
               | contrasting idea is the "public benefit corporation",
               | where you're (presumably? IANAL) legally obligated to
               | funnel your profits back into doing the job of the
               | business better).
               | 
               | From a legal/ideological standpoint, this might be a
               | powerful soft-pivot that would solve a lot of problems.
               | 
               | There's a famous line from Walt Disney, during Disney's
               | golden age, where he said "we don't make movies so we can
               | make money - we make money, so we can make movies". That
               | really hits at the heart of it.
               | 
               | The interesting thing is that, to a large degree, most of
               | the meaningful corporations that improve the world -
               | despite nominally being for-profit companies, generally
               | tend to operate halfways into public-benefit territory.
               | Partly because the benefit provided by them is
               | essentially what the owners are "buying for themselves".
               | To put it in perspective - if you're an extravagantly
               | wealthy patron who wants to - themselves - have animated
               | films to watch, you can't just hire some off-the-shelf
               | people to do it, because they don't exist unless an
               | industry to train them, exists. There's not really a
               | "more narrowly selfish" way to do it - you're best served
               | by building some outfit like Disney to build a brain
               | trust of people to produce what you want.
               | 
               | Similarly with Amazon; sure, an extravagantly wealthy
               | individual could probably accomplish the shipping part of
               | it with personal couriers, but the information-gathering
               | part of it where all the products-available-to-buy are
               | laid in front of you as choices would be nearly
               | impossible to match. Like, you could try to match it with
               | some awful, personal, potemkin setup. But by the time you
               | put in all of that effort ... I mean, you're basically
               | already building what could be a business that could
               | serve others, so you may as well.
        
               | dwaltrip wrote:
               | It doesn't have deep, grounding values.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Voluntary interaction plays a necessary but insufficient
               | role in the existence of corporations of this size.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | It's only voluntary if they don't get too large. See:
               | company stores. Or basically any megacorp in cyberpunk
               | genre.
               | 
               | Also it can appear voluntary... "Sure you can pay 2x the
               | cost for your insurance or you can get insurance, food,
               | accommodation conveniently provided by Amazon who is also
               | your employer for a good discount"
        
               | mikepurvis wrote:
               | Some other effects of "voluntary interaction":
               | 
               | "Concealment at scale is the secret to Amazon's success.
               | Customers enjoy a seamless one-stop shop experience from
               | the comfort of their homes. Out of sight is a ruthless
               | game of regulatory arbitrage, as Amazon installs itself
               | in low-tax jurisdictions and exploits legal loopholes
               | around the world. Even further away from the customer
               | lies Amazon's environmental impact, scorching frontline
               | communities in the global south while executives in
               | Seattle roll out their latest greenwashed PR campaign."
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/dec/01/ama
               | zon...
        
               | snakeboy wrote:
               | To be fair, Amazon has probably the worst corporate
               | reputation among public-facing companies, up with Walmart
               | when it comes to labor issues. So I find it hard to
               | believe that anyone is being convinced that Amazon is a
               | net positive here.
               | 
               | And at a certain point it's consumerism that's driving
               | all of this. I don't know if it's fair to blame Amazon
               | for this any more than it is to blame McDonalds for
               | obesity. We live in a society where people are free to
               | make their own choices, and as long as these "hidden
               | costs" aren't well regulated, a lot of people will take a
               | cheeseburger at the cost of a few extra pounds, and some
               | 2-day shipped plastic junk at the expense of some poor
               | over-worked employee's vacation.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, these consumers are putting additional strain
               | on the healthcare system, and encouraging companies like
               | Amazon to get away with all of its labor abuses.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | > To be fair, Amazon has probably the worst corporate
               | reputation among public-facing companies, up with Walmart
               | when it comes to labor issues.
               | 
               | The US healthcare system, oil, gas and coal companies,
               | weapons manufacturers, factory farms, fast fashion
               | sellers, soft drink and dessert companies?
               | 
               | I mean, Amazon and MS are in ESG investing indexes, so
               | they must be doing okay. Those indexes won't even allow
               | nuclear power in.
        
               | snakeboy wrote:
               | I think my phrasing was poor. I meant specifically about
               | labor issues, not the general impact on society/the
               | world. Everyone in the country jokes about how Amazon
               | employees have to run, skip bathroom breaks, etc. to meet
               | warehouse quotas. Whether this is entirely true anymore,
               | I don't know, but that's the reputation.
        
               | IntelMiner wrote:
               | How do you volunteer not to interact with a monopoly?
               | 
               | Not saying Amazon IS a monopoly. But a "nation
               | corporation" would effectively be company scrip on a much
               | larger scale I suspect
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | Until you consider that everyone is born into a quasi-
               | feudal arrangement where they owe fealty and taxes to a
               | country culture and government they didn't choose, and
               | the only choices of leader are limited to those willing
               | to climb the greasy pole of politics - typically self-
               | selecting sociopaths.
        
               | atq2119 wrote:
               | This is unfortunate, but it's also an invariant of human
               | behaviour. The alternative is to get leaders through
               | inheritance, which isn't any better.
               | 
               | So the best thing to do is to try to nudge the system in
               | a direction where the worst tendencies are mitigated:
               | build institutions in which non-sociopaths can thrive
               | politically, and allow a reasonable path for outsiders to
               | join the political process.
               | 
               | The US in particular is _very_ bad at both. First past
               | the post election systems don 't provide a path for
               | outsiders to join, which makes them seem stable until
               | they suddenly become very volatile. And the fact that all
               | elections in the US are personalized favours sociopathy
               | over competence in politicians (compare the US system to
               | one where you vote for a party instead of a person; in
               | the former, people who are competent but lack charisma
               | can still rise in the ranks of a party and get to power,
               | while in the latter everything devolves to low-quality
               | popularity contests).
        
               | colonwqbang wrote:
               | Consider all the horrors that large nations have
               | inflicted on this world. You might conclude that they are
               | an even worse fit for the position.
               | 
               | In my country it is illegal not to subscribe to the state
               | TV channel. The same cannot be said about Amazon Prime.
        
               | sumedh wrote:
               | > Consider all the horrors that large nations have
               | inflicted on this world.
               | 
               | The British East India company was a corporation when it
               | took over large parts of India.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > The British East India company was a corporation when
               | it took over large parts of India.
               | 
               | Corporations are chartered by governments and reflect the
               | chartering government's values (which may be _laissez-
               | faire_ , but in the case of the British East India
               | Company--and it's state-granted monopoly, violations of
               | which were punishable by indefinite term of imprisonment
               | --were decidedly _not_.)
        
               | arp242 wrote:
               | It's not like corporations really have a better track
               | record. Quite a few of the colonisation efforts were done
               | by corporations or under private management (not
               | "nations"). Corporations hid and obscured facts about
               | asbestos, smoking, climate change, etc. for decades.
               | Various corporations are not exactly well known for their
               | excellent treatment of people in various less well-off
               | regions (Shell in Nigeria, Dole in South-Africa, etc.),
               | abuse of monopoly positions has a long history, and when
               | corporations really screw things up it's up to the
               | nations to provide some sort of relief (1930s, 2008,
               | housing crisis in various countries).
               | 
               | "Illegal not to subscribe to the state TV channel" seem
               | like small fries.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >It's not like corporations really have a better track
               | record.
               | 
               | The governments of Russia, Germany and China killed over
               | a hundred million of their own people last century, no
               | corporation comes anything near that.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | Many of those governments _had help_. It 's not the Nazis
               | killed millions with their bare hands.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IG_Farben#Zyklon_B
        
               | atq2119 wrote:
               | > In my country it is illegal not to subscribe to the
               | state TV channel.
               | 
               | This is, frankly, a very silly thing to get hung up on.
               | 
               | First of all, I assume you mean you have to make some
               | payment that goes to that channel, not that you're forced
               | to watch it.
               | 
               | Second, this means you're essentially passing a
               | presumably small tax that is earmarked for that channel.
               | 
               | In other words, it's not any different from all the other
               | taxes: paying them is part of life in society, and you're
               | never going to agree with _all_ their uses.
               | 
               | I bet there are far bigger items in your government's
               | budget that you disagree with.
        
               | godelski wrote:
               | > In my country it is illegal not to subscribe to the
               | state TV channel.
               | 
               | Just curious: 1) What country 2) Do you have to pay?
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | Certainly not the U.K, many people don't pay for a
               | license fee, there's no law saying you have to. Everyone
               | pays elevated prices for itv even though we don't watch
               | it though as the funding comes from tesco, sainsburys,
               | etc increasing prices to pay for it.
               | 
               | a lot of European counties pay for state tv from a tax on
               | things like electricity, but saying "it's illegal not to
               | pay tax" is an odd statement.
        
               | colonwqbang wrote:
               | 1) I'd rather not say, although you can probably figure
               | out from my post history if you really want to know
               | 
               | 2) Yes
        
               | oarsinsync wrote:
               | Arguably, this could be the UK to some degree, given that
               | if you have a TV, you're expected to pay for a "TV
               | license", the funds of which go entirely to the state run
               | broadcaster.
        
               | arp242 wrote:
               | It's not mandatory to get a TV license, but they will
               | harass you and strongly imply you're a fraud if you don't
               | get one. You can fill in a declaration stating that you
               | don't need one to make the harassment go away for a year.
               | I refused to do so out of principle and eventually I got
               | a letter saying they "opened an investigation" in to me,
               | but I never heard more about it. _shrug_.
        
               | SahAssar wrote:
               | Actually, (if I guessed your country right) since 2019 it
               | is replaced by a "general public service fee", which is a
               | tax that is earmarked for public service uses.
               | 
               | You might not like where your taxes go, but at least you
               | can vote for that to change. In a company you have no
               | such freedom unless you have the financial ability to buy
               | stock.
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | Moreover, Politicians are largely corrupt and in pretty
             | much every country, they have a bad rep. Why should they
             | rally up the public to support them?
        
             | frenchy wrote:
             | So, replace our democracies with capitalistic
             | dictatorships?
        
           | bwship wrote:
           | I would say in terms of anti-monopoly, that there is some
           | natural cutoff that companies are forced to split. For
           | instance, AWS and Amazon can easily be two separate companies
           | as the missions and revenue streams of each are vastly
           | different.
        
           | dleslie wrote:
           | It has 1.3 million employees and employs a great deal more
           | through its distribution partnerships, sellers using Amazon
           | storefront and so on. The amount of folks who rely on Amazon
           | for their living is probably comparable to some of those
           | countries you listed.
        
           | systemvoltage wrote:
           | I think corporations should get absurdly large.
           | 
           | You know, I'm saying things without substantiating them. No
           | offense, but anti-Corp is cool these days. Virtue signaling
           | without thinking on one's own.
        
             | GizmoSwan wrote:
             | Being pro too large to fail corps has always been
             | suspicious.
        
           | mr_toad wrote:
           | Don't compare revenue to GDP. Especially for a low margin
           | business.
        
         | s3r3nity wrote:
         | Yeah - the man is 57, and at this point does NOT have to work
         | anymore...probably for the rest of his life.
         | 
         | Looks like he still intends to run his philanthropies, Blue
         | Origin, and the Post, but after the type of run he has had,
         | he's probably taking some more free time while he's healthy.
         | 
         | I try not to fall into the "cult of personality" trap, but
         | Amazon is where it is _because_ of Bezos, and it'll be
         | fascinating to watch how the transition plays out with the
         | Jassy era.
        
           | fossuser wrote:
           | I think you pass the point of not having to work somewhere
           | prior to 130B net worth.
           | 
           | I'm worried about what happens to Amazon with Bezos gone. A
           | good outcome would be something like Apple and Tim Cook. A
           | bad one would be Microsoft and Ballmer, it will take a while
           | to see which type this ends up being.
           | 
           | Either way losing Bezos as CEO is a bummer.
        
             | petre wrote:
             | Don't know, but I like Gates better since he stepped down
             | as MS CEO and brought positive change to more unfortunate
             | people's lives. Maybe Bezos would do similar things?
             | 
             | I don't like the press release, it keeps repeating Amazon
             | every sentence. It's a tiring read, much Like Andy Warhol's
             | repeating patterns. That alone pretty much says a lot about
             | the current Jeff Bezos.
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | You raise a great point. I did _not_ like Gates the CEO
               | but I _deeply_ respect gates the Philanthropist. We can
               | only hope Bezos turns out the same. I wonder how one
               | could change the world with 130B dollars.
        
           | agloeregrets wrote:
           | > probably for the rest of his life. At a net worth of $1
           | billion and assuming he lives to 100 that is $23 million
           | dollars a year to spend, which reasonably, he could only
           | spend around $5-10 Million if he tried.
           | 
           | He is worth what, $150 Billion? By the fall he probably will
           | be.
           | 
           | He could find a group of 10,000 people of the same age, spit
           | the money evenly and each person would have $340k per year, a
           | large enough sum to reasonably travel all year long around
           | the world for each person never working agin.
           | 
           | Nobody should ever have a $1B worth.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | > Nobody should ever have a $1B worth.
             | 
             | How does this work? Forced sale of assets? Who determines
             | the market price of the assets, if they're not highly
             | liquid?
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | When you get issued stock options at a company, you
               | immediately become liable for taxes on them, since they
               | are treated as income. This is true even if there is no
               | public market for the shares at that time (something that
               | caused headaches for many early dotcom stock option
               | grantees).
               | 
               | It's is an obvious precedent for taxing somebody who has
               | "received" wealth via the route that Bezos has done.
        
               | PeterStuer wrote:
               | Depends on the country/jurisdiction. In some places it is
               | upon issue, in some places it is upon exercise or a mix
               | thereof.
               | 
               | Sadly over here in Belgium a non trivial tax (18%, but it
               | varies according to some parameters such as runlenght) is
               | due upon issue, turning stock options into a potential
               | substantial risk.
        
               | creddit wrote:
               | > When you get issued stock options at a company, you
               | immediately become liable for taxes on them, since they
               | are treated as income.
               | 
               | This is false, right? It's only taxable on exercise. That
               | or I know 1,000s of people at major companies that owe
               | back taxes.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | In the 1990s, I knew dozens of people who faced major
               | financial problems because they immediately owed taxes on
               | options they had just exercised, on shares that were not
               | tradable. These were just regular developers (or in some
               | cases, shipping crew), and they didn't have $50-500k
               | sitting around to cover taxes like that.
               | 
               | Maybe the rules have been changed since then? I do know
               | that by the early 2000's there were financial services
               | companies offering wierd loans to help cover the taxes
               | (obviously using the stocks as collateral).
        
               | throwaway09223 wrote:
               | "they immediately owed taxes on options they had just
               | exercised"
               | 
               | On exercise yes, but not on issue. I think you're mixing
               | up people buying their options (exercise) with issuance
               | of the options.
               | 
               | No taxes are owed at grant or vest on options, whether
               | NSO or ISO.
               | 
               | Upon exercise (buying - regardless of whether there's a
               | sale) of NSO a tax is owed on the spread between the FMV
               | (usually the 409a valuation, if pre-ipo) and the strike
               | price at grant. This can be considerable and I'm sure is
               | the tax event you're thinking of.
               | 
               | Savvy employees with a cooperative employer often
               | exercise at grant time -- before the options vest --
               | writing a check almost immediately after hire. This is an
               | early exercise. If this takes place before the value
               | changes (before the board updates the 409a valuation)
               | then there is a taxable event but the spread is $0. The
               | employee then follows up with an 83(b) election to notify
               | the IRS that they wished to be taxed now, rather than
               | later at vest, which ensures that income tax on the
               | spread is never paid. It all becomes regular capital
               | gains.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | This is the difference between RSUs, NSOs, and ISOs. ISOs
               | don't make you pay taxes until you exercise it (a
               | qualifying event), which means you actually took this
               | piece of paper and converted it into tangible value. I'm
               | not sure how they could have exercised it and not had it
               | turn into cash (perhaps their company got acquired and
               | they got options of another non-IPO'd company?).
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Let's put it like this. The year after I exercised my one
               | and only set of amzn stock options, I owed US$43k in
               | taxes based on their nominal value. The stock was not
               | publically traded at the time, and I had to find savings
               | to cover the tax bill. I retained the piece of paper and
               | started selling later that year after the IPO. At least
               | one other early hire at amzn owed a _lot_ more than this.
        
               | fossuser wrote:
               | Yeah - options are taxed on exercise, _not_ on grant
               | (that's the dispute with your original comment).
               | 
               | Also, you're taxed on the spread at exercise between the
               | strike price and the fair market value at the time of
               | exercise.
               | 
               | If you're able to exercise when the shares are granted
               | (which early employees can often do by early exercising
               | unvested shares) then there is no spread and there is no
               | tax (at time of exercise, you still pay tax when you
               | eventually sell the shares). Doing this and filing an 83b
               | election with the IRS is important for people joining a
               | startup where they hold lots of equity that's valued near
               | zero.
               | 
               | It's even a little more complicated than that if you get
               | ISOs since you can exercise some of them tax free until
               | you hit AMT (but AMT has not increased over time so this
               | is less useful than it used to be). NSOs don't have this
               | ability.
               | 
               | RSUs are different and you do get taxed on grant and some
               | are withheld to cover (FB started this and they're
               | colloquially called FB-style RSUs). This is a relatively
               | recent invention that started because private companies
               | with high valuations had options with strikes too
               | expensive for normal employees to exercise prior to the
               | mandatory ten year expiration. Also old employees who
               | held the option contracts wouldn't be able to pay the
               | exercise tax on the spread you mention and would hit the
               | 10yr expiration (at which point they need to make a loan
               | shark deal or risk floating a lot of cash). This used to
               | not be an issue because companies didn't stay private
               | this long. With RSUs employees don't have to worry about
               | any of this, but they lose more on grant to income tax
               | than they could by exercising and holding options
               | optimally.
               | 
               | RSUs aren't strictly better though because if you can
               | exercise options you can hold the stock for 1yr and get
               | long term cap gains which is 15% up to 400k and 20%
               | after. This is a lot more potential upside than just
               | getting hit with income tax. Though in CA you still get
               | hit with a large percentage state income tax on it
               | anyway. (13% after 1M I think).
               | 
               | All of the above commentary is unrelated to a wealth tax
               | (or capping net worth) which I think is dumb policy.
               | 
               | This grew into a kind of long comment, but if you're
               | dealing with equity it's worth learning this stuff for
               | yourself since leveraging equity effectively is probably
               | the best way to actually get wealth in a timeframe
               | shorter than a lifetime of index funds investing.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | What did you exercise them to do other than sell?
        
               | sprice wrote:
               | I only know Canada where one owes taxes when an event
               | occurs. Being issued stock is not an event. Exercising
               | options for stock is an event.
               | 
               | IANAL nor an accountant and this is not financial advice.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | How about land? IP? Or a private company? Surely, only
               | people that get issued options aren't subject to a $1B
               | max.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | no need to set a max. Just set the marginal rate so high
               | that earning (or, if a wealth tax, owning) more than some
               | amount becomes pointless.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | And disincentivize people from working? That's not a
               | sustainable economic system. For a properly sustainable
               | system, consider how Islam solved this problem over 1400
               | years ago. Zakat is the only form of "tax" if you will
               | that is mandated. Interest and other predatory practices
               | are prohibited (e.g. shorting). Once the fundamentals are
               | correct, everything else naturally falls into place. It
               | has been reported that during the rule of Umar II, there
               | were no poor people left in Iraq to accept Zakat
               | (charity) since everyone paid their share. It would be
               | nice to see that happen again, but the modern financial
               | system won't let it happen.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Umar II is the one Umayyad caliph whose tomb wasn't
               | sacked by the Abbasids when they took power. Would you
               | care to enlighten us as to how this system went so wrong
               | (Hint: it was Arab Muslims accumulating property and
               | wealth over non-Arab Muslims, let alone non-Muslims)
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | One might argue that having $1B of assets (certainly
               | _liquid_ assets) is a fairly major disincentive to
               | working.
               | 
               | High marginal tax rates on super-high levels of income
               | and/or wealth doesn't discourage working. It just makes
               | doing something to add another chunk to your
               | income/wealth require something other than financial
               | renumeration. There's plenty of evidence that humans do
               | their best work when they have intrinsic and not
               | extrinsic motivation.
               | 
               | Bezos is a case in point. I believe him to have an almost
               | absurdly high level of intrinsic motivation (I worked
               | with him for 15 months). He might like the wealth he has,
               | but the things he will continue to do with his life, just
               | like Amazon itself, get done for reasons beyond money.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | First, I really appreciate your response :)
               | 
               | > High marginal tax rates on super-high levels of income
               | and/or wealth doesn't discourage working.
               | 
               | Do we have precedence for this? From what I'm aware, even
               | when the US had high marginal tax rates which some dems
               | seem to be calling to bring back, no one ever paid those
               | rates because there are always ways for the very rich to
               | reduce their income on paper, while still increasing
               | their wealth.
               | 
               | I do agree with you that it takes a very special kind of
               | person to have the wealth of Elon or Bezos and still
               | continue to want to work, it's obviously more than money
               | at that point. But those people are outliers. I know I
               | wouldn't be motivated to spend more effort if it meant a
               | proportional decrease in the total amount of money I
               | would end up pocketing due to increased taxes.
        
               | ibn_khaldun wrote:
               | As salaamu alaykum,
               | 
               | I enjoy reading your discourses in support of Islaamic
               | economics. Do you have a blog, email or social media
               | account?
               | 
               | Wa salaam.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | Wa alaikom assalam,
               | 
               | Thank you brother. Please feel free to reach out to me at
               | zmadaniia@gmail.com
        
               | fossuser wrote:
               | Worse than disincentivizing people from working, it
               | disincentivizes people from risking money on growth
               | (building companies, doing startups, angel investing).
               | 
               | Interest isn't predatory, it encourages growth and
               | investment in building businesses. Look at the enormous
               | wealth created by capitalism. Economic growth helps the
               | most people the fastest, this model works.
               | 
               | That doesn't mean there shouldn't be protections on the
               | lower bound and human rights, there should be. It also
               | doesn't mean there shouldn't be environmental protections
               | or regulations to effectively coordinate and prevent
               | tragedy of the commons style failures. We should also
               | prevent wealth being able to leverage political power
               | (which isn't easy).
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | > Interest isn't predatory
               | 
               | It is by the very fact that the lender is owed money in
               | the contract by doing basically nothing. Proper
               | investment balances the risk between parties, so that one
               | party does not have an inherent advantage over the other.
               | This is part of running a moral and just society.
               | 
               | > Look at the enormous wealth created by capitalism
               | 
               | Red herring. The system is fundamentally unstable, by the
               | very fact that people are on the lookout for the next
               | economic crash because it's built into the system. When
               | that happens, people with money are able to acquire even
               | more assets, increasing the divide.
               | 
               | I'm all for people making money, as long as they do it
               | the moral way. Interest is immoral and predatory.
        
               | fossuser wrote:
               | The lender is paid for the service of lending money out
               | (which incurs risk). You want to incentivize this
               | behavior.
               | 
               | Without interest, it would be harder for people to get
               | loans. Lots of financial services wouldn't exist (or
               | would demand some other form of payment). This would keep
               | people who aren't already rich unable to access capital.
               | 
               | People react to incentives, good incentives lead to
               | beneficial behavior. Interest is extremely net positive,
               | both for lenders and for borrowers (and society).
               | Everyone wins.
               | 
               | Crashes aren't really built into the system or a fault of
               | capitalism, they happen because problems are hard to
               | predict and the environment changes. The wealth created
               | isn't only for the rich:
               | https://press.stripe.com/#stubborn-attachments everyone
               | benefits from economic growth.
               | 
               | I think Islamic law (or really any religious framework)
               | has very little of value to say on the topic of morality
               | or running a productive society.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | > The lender is paid for the service of lending money out
               | (which incurs risk). You want to incentivize this
               | behavior.
               | 
               | Not all forms of payment are ethical or moral (e.g.
               | prostitution). This is an exploitative practice, and
               | should definitely not be incentivized as we've seen time
               | and time again the destructive effect it has on society
               | and the economic system.
               | 
               | > This would keep people who aren't already rich unable
               | to access capital.
               | 
               | This is why Islam has Zakat laws to ensure the poor are
               | lifted out of poverty. We keep seeing the dems trying to
               | solve the problem by increasing taxation, but to no
               | avail. Islam solved the problem over 1400 years ago.
               | 
               | > I think Islamic law (or really any religious framework)
               | has very little of value to say on the topic of morality
               | or running a productive society.
               | 
               | Morality does not exist without religion. Secondly, Islam
               | has proven to have run one of the most successful
               | societies of all time, and definitely the most moral
               | since Islam came. We still benefit of the discoveries
               | made during the Islamic Golden Age.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | So, how is ISIS doing on the Islamic morality scale?
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | Terribly. I do not want to be in their place when they
               | face God.
        
               | fossuser wrote:
               | > "Not all forms of payment are ethical or moral"
               | 
               | Ok sure, but interest is fine.
               | 
               | > "This is why Islam has Zakat laws to ensure the poor
               | are lifted out of poverty."
               | 
               | Charity isn't as good as letting people get access to
               | capital that they can leverage for themselves.
               | 
               | We're not going to agree on this so can probably leave it
               | here.
               | 
               | I will say I think morality exists in spite of religion.
               | 
               | It's not hard to pick out examples where Islam fails on
               | the morality issue, see: women's rights and the recent
               | Charlie Hebdo murders, both driven by ideology.
               | 
               | This is off-topic flame war material though.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | > Ok sure, but interest is fine.
               | 
               | As I originally pointed out, interest is prohibited in
               | Islam, Judaism, and Christianity (at least) for a good
               | reason. It's not ethical nor moral, in fact, it's
               | destructive and parasitic.
               | 
               | > Charity isn't as good as letting people get access to
               | capital that they can leverage for themselves.
               | 
               | It lifts people out of poverty to get them on their feet.
               | There are many funds that provide people with access to
               | capital (e.g. accelerators). Capital is not limited to
               | interest bearing loans. The simplest example is pitching
               | an idea to investors who in return own a portion of a
               | potential company. If it works out, both parties benefit,
               | otherwise, both parties equally took on the risk.
               | 
               | > women's rights
               | 
               | Those are cherry picked by anti-Islamic rhetoric drivers
               | who have shown their ignorance and lies time and time
               | again, and whose arguments fall apart the moment they're
               | critically discussed. It's really meaningless talk that
               | gets thrown around.
               | 
               | > and the recent Charlie Hebdo murders,
               | 
               | Easy refutation: you're going to have to show that Islam
               | itself condones or required such murders to take place.
        
               | fossuser wrote:
               | You just state it's destructive for ideological reasons
               | because of religious law, that's not a good argument and
               | it ignores contrary evidence. Why is taking a percentage
               | of someone's company better? If anything that's _more_
               | exploitive.
               | 
               | On women's rights: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An-
               | Nisa,_34
               | 
               | You're the one cherry picking here and rationalizing
               | anything that doesn't fit into a narrative you've already
               | decided is true. There won't be any ability for us to
               | agree, because you _can't_ update based on new evidence.
               | 
               | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/CqyJzDZWvGhhFJ7dY/belief-
               | in-...
               | 
               | You can pretend Charlie Hebdo and any other negative
               | action that's clearly driven by ideologically motivated
               | Islam is not "true Islam", but then you're just creating
               | some special reference class that ignores the bad stuff.
               | 
               | I'm not trying to get into a fight. It's rare for
               | religious people to break free from their religion, but
               | it's possible. I succeeded when I was young and seeing
               | counter arguments is part of it.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The question is how to determine the value of non liquid
               | assets in order to implement a maximum wealth tax.
               | 
               | Suppose I own land or a private company or a collection
               | of copyrights that become very valuable. Who and how
               | determines when it crosses the $1B threshold, and how am
               | I brought under said threshold. What if the asset is not
               | easily divisible?
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | These are legitimate questions. In some ways they have
               | analogs that have already been "solved" (perhaps not
               | satisfactorily). Who and how determines the property tax
               | you owe on a building or land? But I agree that these are
               | not trivial to answer in satisfactory ways. Societies
               | frequently have to come up with imperfect answers.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | I know we can't expect perfect solutions, but arbitrary
               | blanket statement such as capping wealth at $1B make no
               | sense to me.
               | 
               | Wealth (or money) is a proxy for power, and if the goal
               | is to limit one's power, I don't see the purpose of an
               | arbitrary dollar amount maximum that is extremely hard
               | and probably litigious enforce to enforce.
               | 
               | It would be better to suggest capping the number of
               | companies' boards one can sit on, or limit the number of
               | non broad market index fund investments one can have, or
               | some other solution that directly attacks the problem of
               | concentration of power.
        
             | vasco wrote:
             | Why would you give that money to worse allocators of
             | capital? He's generated 1.3 million jobs. How many jobs
             | would you sacrifice in order to limit Bezos to whatever
             | wealth cap you think is appropriate? By definition you will
             | sacrifice them, so the question is at what cost is it too
             | much and how much money is too much money? Also who decides
             | that, is it you?
        
               | anotherman554 wrote:
               | The demand for products has generated 1.3 million jobs.
               | It's a fallacy to think the jobs wouldn't exist without
               | _this_ company or _this_ billionaire.
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | How are you measuring "efficient allocation of capital"?
               | 
               | Amazon has been very successful at squeezing "efficiency"
               | out of their employees, where "efficiency" is defined
               | largely as abusive conditions and poor wages. While they
               | may be a large employer in raw numbers, vast numbers of
               | their employees depend on public assistance. UPS, USPS,
               | and FedEx seem to pay consistently higher wages. And on
               | top of that, like most "supermassive" companies, they are
               | very "efficient" at dodging taxes.
               | 
               | Yes, this is "efficiency" in the financial sense, but it
               | is by no means net positive at the societal level.
               | 
               | https://www.seattletimes.com/business/amazon/amazons-
               | turnove...
               | 
               | https://www.ttnews.com/articles/amazon-thrives-fedex-
               | deliver...
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | How many companies has Amazon out out of business?
        
           | mft_ wrote:
           | "probably"?
        
           | uptown wrote:
           | "...probably for the rest of his life."
           | 
           | Ya think?
        
             | jozen wrote:
             | If he buys a house in SV, he may end up bankrupt
        
             | boringg wrote:
             | Replace probably with "there's a chance" he won't have to
             | work for the rest of his life....
             | 
             | Assuming he has managed to figure out how to live forever
             | ... at some point this wealth would get depleted.
        
           | kayoone wrote:
           | > at this point [he] does NOT have to work anymore...probably
           | for the rest of his life.
           | 
           | that was already true a long time ago, you don't need to be
           | one of the wealthiest people on the planet before you don't
           | have to work anymore.
        
             | SilasX wrote:
             | Yeah that was true by the time of his 1999 interview on 60
             | minutes, when the interviewer joked about him driving a
             | cheap Honda:
             | 
             | https://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/this-jeff-
             | bezo...
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | Bezos's net worth was $12 billion after Amazon's IPO in 1997.
           | Him and a dozen generations after him would be set for life
           | on that much wealth. Whatever the reason for stepping away
           | might be, it's definitely not money.
           | 
           | As a company Amazon is definitely too big to fail at this
           | point. Its fate will probably be like Google's after
           | Page/Brin/Schmidt stepped away. In the worst case it will
           | start to fade away in another decade or two.
        
           | leipert wrote:
           | With his wealth he doesn't need to work anymore since a long
           | time. See e.g. here: https://mkorostoff.github.io/1-pixel-
           | wealth/
           | 
           | In my opinion there is hardly a justification or a _need_ for
           | an individual to own billions. But I think we haven't found a
           | good way to redistribute money, apart from billionaires self-
           | pledging to give their wealth away.
        
         | redisman wrote:
         | > I still remember when Amazon was only selling Books. People
         | laughed
         | 
         | Did we? I just remember thinking oh neat and buying a bunch of
         | books.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | I imagine he's pretty burnt out of running the day to day. Time
         | for something new after 2 decades. Love or hate Amazon it has
         | been a force on the planet.
        
           | ehsankia wrote:
           | Absolutely. I could see him shifting more in the Gates or
           | Musk kinda life, funding more fun projects or philanthropies.
           | Not gonna lie running Amazon after 20 decades probably isn't
           | as fun as running an aerospace company or other pet projects.
           | He probably has lots of ideas he wouldn't mind throwing money
           | at and investing in.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We've changed the URL to that from
         | https://ir.aboutamazon.com/news-release/news-release-
         | details.... Thanks!
        
         | almost_usual wrote:
         | All of that and he's probably exiting because he's jealous of
         | Musks' success.
        
       | fao_ wrote:
       | "I don't know of another company with an           invention
       | track record as good as Amazon's,"             - Jeff Bezos
       | 
       | Excuse me?
       | 
       | Maybe we should consider -- oh I don't know, Bell Telephone,
       | which had Bell Laboratories?
       | 
       | Which won 13* Nobel Prizes for revolutionary, groundbreaking
       | research about the Transistor and created and funded a "Legal
       | Typesetting System" on which 90% of overall computer operating
       | systems are descended from!
       | 
       | Even ignoring Bell Laboratories, we could look at IBM, which
       | created the modern home computer market! Or Xerox PARC! Or Apple!
       | 
       | * - or 9, my brain is giving me two numbers on that and I don't
       | remember which one it was
        
       | steve76 wrote:
       | Burn down the country. Then cash out and hit the road.
        
       | hippich wrote:
       | So... Now that Jeff is retiring, whom I should address emails
       | after various support teams fail at their jobs? Before it was
       | jeff@amazon.com, now, I would assume, andy@amazon.com?
        
       | beyondcompute wrote:
       | I wish Amazon would tackle its "ridiculously useless at this
       | point, overrun with scammers reviews" problem though. :)
        
         | krapp wrote:
         | Their stock is worth 3K a share, that's clearly not a problem.
         | At least not for them.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | rainhacker wrote:
       | I feel it can be an uncertain transition when a
       | founder/entrepreneur steps down, and an employee of the company
       | takes the place. Looking forward to how Amazon will evolve under
       | the new leadership.
        
       | astrojams wrote:
       | I worked for AWS for a few years under Andy. He's a good pick for
       | CEO of that company.
        
         | jgalt212 wrote:
         | without Andy (and AWS), I'd posit that Jeff would just be
         | another regular old billionaire who'd own a sports team, but
         | otherwise folks would not know much about.
        
           | cosmodisk wrote:
           | Ask outside tech bubble and 9/10 never even heard of AWS,even
           | though half of the things they use run on it. The retail
           | front-end is the PR, while AWS is a magic money tree.
        
             | Slump wrote:
             | I mostly agree but I also think AWS is probably more in the
             | public consciousness than most people would think (in the
             | US anyway). They have TV advertisement slots with NFL for
             | crying out loud. That said, most people probably don't
             | actually know what it is, just that they've heard of it.
             | 
             | As "cloud" and "AI" become more and more accepted generic
             | terms for technology to the public and I think AWS may even
             | over take the PR position.
        
               | cosmodisk wrote:
               | Fair point,I was commenting from European point of
               | view,where tech companies are often invisible,apart from
               | maybe Google or Apple with their ads plastered all over
               | the place.I reckon an average American is more likely to
               | tell what Oracle or AWS is just purely because of the
               | amount of ads they've been exposed to, compared to an
               | average European
        
           | edanm wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure you're wrong.
           | 
           | Most people have no idea what AWS is, but know what Amazon
           | the consumer business is.
           | 
           | AWS is only well known among tech circles.
        
             | karmasimida wrote:
             | > Most people have no idea what AWS is
             | 
             | Actually no. Most people I know even not in Tech, know
             | Amazon has this 'cloud' business. Whether they know it is
             | called AWS or not, is different.
        
             | Axsuul wrote:
             | I think OP was alluding to the cash cow that AWS has
             | become.
        
             | rileyphone wrote:
             | AWS has been buying a zillion ads in NFL games, not
             | entirely sure why but it's hard to ignore.
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | I kind of agree. But without AWS, Amazon could never have
             | become the Amazon that we know today. AWS brings in the
             | vast majority of the profits (sometimes >100%) for Amazon,
             | despite being a modest proportion of revenue (~10%).
             | 
             | This is what generates the funding necessary for Amazon to
             | do the crazy things that make Amazon amazing. Amazon - AWS
             | = digital Walmart. Big and profitable, but not Amazon.
        
             | dimator wrote:
             | I think gp means that bezos would not be a mega billionaire
             | without aws. He would be like any other nameless CEO in the
             | public's knowledge.
        
             | bryanrasmussen wrote:
             | without AWS would Amazon have been able to dominate?
        
             | zmmmmm wrote:
             | Interestingly, if you go international, Amazon is either
             | not present at all or a niche player as an online store in
             | many countries. But in terms of cloud infrastructure
             | they've become the universal global default / premium
             | service. It is fascinating to me that they have beaten
             | players like Microsoft, IBM, Oracle etc. to this status. I
             | actually have to mount a business case in my organisation
             | NOT to use AWS even though all the desktops and half the
             | servers are pure Microsoft stack.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | While regular consumers may not know what AWS is, Amazon's
             | core business was able to sustain losses for 10+ years only
             | because of profits coming from there.
        
         | randomsearch wrote:
         | I see the future of Amazon as ~ 100% AWS. Do you think this
         | will change that outcome?
        
           | tinyhouse wrote:
           | How did you get to that conclusion?
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | Spending too much time around other developers.
             | 
             | In the current environment, E-commerce is a less
             | interesting space for startup founders vs. cloud SW. This
             | led parent commenter to assume the cloud is more important
             | than E-commerce.
             | 
             | This is a fallacy, of course, since E-commerce is probably
             | the largest / most important market on the internet, it
             | just doesn't FEEL that way b/c Amazon has an unprecedented
             | control over nearly the entire thing.
        
               | randomsearch wrote:
               | AWS is 57% of Amazon's profit in 2020.
               | 
               | Cloud has barely begun.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | AWS has 40 billion in revenue, 12 billion in profit and
               | is growing 30% YoY. It's got great profit margins, huge
               | lock in, and is a natural monopoly. Not sure how much it
               | would be worth on the open market, but wouldn't surprise
               | me that it's 50%+ of Amazon's market cap.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | I'd say AWS + first-party products and services (Prime Video,
           | Echo, Kindle, Grocery delivery). I can definitely see their
           | pure retail business take more and more of a back seat as
           | time goes on.
        
             | treis wrote:
             | Could even see it breaking up at some point. Retail,
             | Consumer Tech, and AWS. There's no real tie between AWS and
             | the rest of Amazon at this point. In fact, it might be a
             | liability as competitors of Amazon retail & Consumer tech
             | don't want to use AWS.
        
               | adamcstephens wrote:
               | I could see it breaking up at some point, when our
               | antitrust regulators wake up to the monopoly that Amazon
               | has become and splits the company into multiple parts.
        
               | randomsearch wrote:
               | I think the main reason AWS will breakaway will be that
               | it'll just be so different from the rest of Amazon.
               | 
               | I think (for better of worse) the cloud providers - A/G/M
               | + maybe a newcomer yet to be announced - will come to
               | dominate computing in a way most people do not foresee.
               | 
               | Yes, right now they dominate the hardware provision and
               | that will accelerate. But through that, their services
               | will dominate software engineering, and eventually they
               | will dominate not just IDEs and devtools (hence GitHub
               | purchase and VS Code for MS) but they will define
               | programming languages and even what constitutes
               | programming.
        
         | DoctorNick wrote:
         | Will he stop immiserating the warehouse workers that work for
         | them?
        
           | missedthecue wrote:
           | a living wage (as defined by the internet's favorite vermont
           | politician) is immiserating?
        
             | adamcstephens wrote:
             | Amazon just settled with the FTC for stealing Flex drivers'
             | tips. Likely that's just the tip of the iceberg in their
             | screwing over the people who make their products move.
        
       | dr-detroit wrote:
       | Hes going to buy Mar A Lago and urinate on all the linens
       | screencap this post
        
       | ww520 wrote:
       | Wow. I still remember when Amazon started as an online bookstore
       | selling books and people kind of laughed at the idea, and the
       | time Amazon kept losing money and refused to post an earning and
       | people got mad. Amazing long game.
        
         | jl2718 wrote:
         | Interestingly, it seemed at the time that books were just about
         | the least exciting things being sold on the Internet, and the
         | shipping costs looked fatal to the business. You could buy just
         | about anything, and everybody was going out of business trying
         | to compete on big ticket items like electronics and movies and
         | games and beanie babies. Not much competition on books online
         | (anybody remember the "Duwamish book store demo" from
         | Microsoft?). It seems to me that he looked way out and thought
         | about how things would be done 20 years hence, regardless of
         | what made sense at the time, and chose to start on the piece of
         | that future with the weakest competition.
        
           | adkadskhj wrote:
           | By his words[1] it was because books had a large possible
           | inventory, allowing him to build a store larger than any one
           | physical store could manage.
           | 
           | Though i imagine a lot of reasons justified books.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rWRbTnE1PEM
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | There was competition. Bookstacks.com had been in business
           | with a telnet-only interface for more than a year before
           | Amazon.
           | 
           | As noted by others, the shipping cost-to-item-average-cost
           | ratio is precisely why Jeff chose books to start with. But
           | yes, he also looked way out (even if he couldn't see as
           | clearly as some people seem to think he could).
        
             | jasoncrawford wrote:
             | My understanding was that it was also about the long tail.
             | With millions of titles in print, and a minimum selection
             | of thousands to make a decent bookstore, you can't print a
             | decent catalog and mail it. Before Amazon, the biggest
             | mail-order books business was the Book-of-the-Month Club.
             | Perfect case for an online catalog.
        
           | orev wrote:
           | Shipping books was/is one of the cheapest things to ship, as
           | they need minimal packaging, and the USPS offers a special
           | media mail rate. This allowed him to work out all the
           | logistics behind the scenes, and then make incremental
           | improvements to handle other products.
        
           | gcheong wrote:
           | When I was working in Tokyo in the 90's, English technical
           | books were somewhat hard to come by and fairly expensive so
           | co-workers would often pool together to do bulk purchases.
           | There was one book site that I don't remember the name of now
           | that almost always beat Amazon when it came to purchase price
           | plus shipping at least in the beginning so we would always
           | comparison shop. Maybe not sexy but online bookstores were
           | certainly something of a lifeline in our case and I would
           | often look forward to the arrival of a book order like a kid
           | waiting for Christmas.
        
         | digitaltrees wrote:
         | I think AWS ended up subsidizing the rest of the company.
         | Amazon stumbled backwards into a highly profitable business
         | that allowed them to continue playing the long game to create a
         | monopoly in distribution.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | Amazon's stock went up like a rocket since its IPO. Wall Street
         | didn't laugh at Bezos.
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | Even then the P/E has only been ridiculous for a few of those
           | years - the stock is valuable, but the company walks the walk
           | too.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | zhdc1 wrote:
         | I was a (young) kid when I overheard a news report making fun
         | of an internet bookstore calling itself Amazon.
         | 
         | It's amazing what he's been able to do. Good for him.
        
       | fugazithehaxoar wrote:
       | $15 minimum wage is not something to be proud of. That's just
       | over $30k a year. If you know someone that makes that little, you
       | know how personally unsustainable that level of income is.
        
         | nojito wrote:
         | The median income for the US is 31k.
        
           | GizmoSwan wrote:
           | But how much work is Amazon extracting from them. https://www
           | .washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/02/02/amazon-...
        
       | herewegoagain2 wrote:
       | Who was responsible for the decision to not offer help with
       | vaccinations under Trump? I had always defended Amazon, until
       | that moment, when they declared they would let people die for
       | their ideology.
       | 
       | Now I am trying to purge Amazon from my life, and it is hard.
       | Much more difficult than Google. I had even started to use their
       | grocery deliveries during Covid lockdowns. Maybe if it was Jeff's
       | doing, and he is gone, I could justify continuing to buy from
       | Amazon. But I guess not.
       | 
       | Interesting that many say AWS is the actual business of Amazon,
       | and they may get rid of the rest. It seems to me AWS would be the
       | easiest to replace, after all, there are lots of cloud standards.
       | Can't you just take your Docker images and publish them somewhere
       | else?
       | 
       | It seems much more difficult to me to replace the aggregation and
       | efficient logistics. In fact I don't see any competition.
       | 
       | Now that they want to see me dead, I want to see Amazon dead, but
       | I have little hopes for it.
       | 
       | Their achilles heel might be trust - online reviews are almost
       | completely broken now, and complaints about fake products are
       | rising. Their answer to the latter seems to be to steal
       | successful products and sell them as "Amazon Basics", but that is
       | evil and also won't work for having "everything".
       | 
       | Another issue could be people returning their stuff or even
       | damaged goods. I see a surprising number of people who have no
       | ethical qualms about returning things they already used or that
       | are broken.
       | 
       | Maybe the future will be to buy directly from producers? That
       | seems to be the only way to avoid the fake products? So someone
       | should come up with ways to make it easy for producers to sell
       | their products online, or at least provide a chain of trust.
        
         | tlholaday wrote:
         | > Who was responsible for the decision to not offer help with
         | vaccinations under Trump?
         | 
         | Trump was responsible for that decision, that's who.
        
           | herewegoagain2 wrote:
           | That doesn't make sense. You claim Trump rejected the offer
           | that Amazon secretly made to him?
        
       | ignoramous wrote:
       | > _This journey began some 27 years ago. Amazon was only an idea,
       | and it had no name._
       | 
       | Jeff's pitch at the time (1997); so on point, so precise:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rWRbTnE1PEM
       | 
       | > _The question I was asked most frequently at that time was,
       | "What's the internet?" Blessedly, I haven't had to explain that
       | in a long while._
       | 
       | Here's Jeff explaining the Internet (at a TED talk):
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vMKNUylmanQ
       | 
       | > _Invention. Invention is the root of our success. We've done
       | crazy things together, and then made them normal... If you get it
       | right, a few years after a surprising invention, the new thing
       | has become normal. People yawn. And that yawn is the greatest
       | compliment an inventor can receive._
       | 
       | Jeff speaking about innovation, invention (based on first
       | principles), making data-driven decisions (and also when to not
       | trust data), learned helplessness at Stanford (2005):
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhnDvvNS8zQ
       | 
       | > _When times have been good, you've been humble._
       | 
       | Heh. Reminds me of this 2008 lecture where Jeff is selling AWS to
       | startup school students:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6nKfFHuouzA Classic.
       | 
       | > _Amazon couldn't be better positioned for the future. We are
       | firing on all cylinders, just as the world needs us to._
       | 
       | Not sure about that last part, Jeff.
       | 
       | So long, and thanks for all the fish.
        
         | travbrack wrote:
         | He sounds like a time traveler from the future. He talks like
         | it's a given that the Internet is going to take over the world
         | but back then it really wasn't.
        
           | TaylorAlexander wrote:
           | Ostensibly it was going to take over the world? I think you
           | mean to say it was non obvious. But unless we've split
           | timelines that is exactly what was going to happen.
        
         | twobitshifter wrote:
         | Thank you for sharing the video. I liked seeing Bezos on
         | startup phase. I had not heard the story, so I learned that he
         | started as a quant on Wall St and left that job to start Amazon
         | later in life. Many people expect tech startups to happen in
         | your college dorm room, but Bezos took a completely different
         | route.
        
         | hooande wrote:
         | I was at that Startup School lecture in 2008. I still have
         | strong memories of his body language and affect. He wasn't at
         | all what I was expecting
        
           | hn2fast wrote:
           | In what way, if you don't mind? I always have the impression
           | that he is practical to a fault, and consistent in his
           | prescription for engineering above all.
        
         | draw_down wrote:
         | Good grief.
        
         | techlatest_net wrote:
         | And here is the video from 1999 [1] showing his obsession with
         | customer which is why customer support is in the DNA of Amazon
         | 
         | 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxwjzVW7z5o
        
           | afavour wrote:
           | I'd argue that the customer experience of Amazon has declined
           | dramatically in the last few years. Maybe there should be
           | more internal viewings of that video.
        
             | smhg wrote:
             | Anecdotally, I disagree. I recently contacted their support
             | when I didn't understand why final ordering prices slightly
             | differed from the listings on Amazon EU websites.
             | 
             | The reply was very on-topic, ridiculously customized and
             | clear for an otherwise complicated topic (reason: VAT is
             | calculated on the shipping location within EU). Almost as
             | if someone with real EU accounting knowledge had taken the
             | time to investigate and reply (which I can't imagine?). And
             | this was from a non-business account. It was easily one of
             | the top-3 customer service experiences I ever had.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | I don't deny that Amazon are capable of good customer
               | service. But the site is full of fake products and fake
               | reviews. Returning a product is a breeze but I'd really
               | rather not have to be returning them in the first place.
               | And Amazon knows about the problems. A few times I've
               | reported receiving an offer for a gift voucher in return
               | for a positive review of an item I bought and they've
               | taken zero action on it.
        
             | BrandoElFollito wrote:
             | One of the main reasons I use Amazon in France is their
             | service.
             | 
             | I never ever had any issues, our biggest fight was about
             | the 2EUR they charged me once to send back a 100EUR item.
             | They gave up after the 2nd email.
             | 
             | I will pay 10% more for the Amazon price, for the peace of
             | mind.
        
             | mlindner wrote:
             | I disagree. Amazon has many times refunded my order in full
             | with a simple call, and for orders internationally they do
             | it entirely faith-based and will send you another version
             | without having to even return the original.
        
               | kypro wrote:
               | They're great for this. I once ordered the wrong tablet
               | which was totally my mistake and I even ended up unboxing
               | it, but they still allowed me to return it. It's one of
               | the main reasons I use them because I know there's no
               | hassle if anything goes wrong with my order.
               | 
               | Unfortunetly I know a few people who have been abusing
               | Amazon's refund policy recently. I don't come from the
               | best background so I know a few people who have ordered
               | phones and other electrics from Amazon just because they
               | know if they complain they were stolen from their
               | doorstep they might get a free phone. From my experience
               | working at ecomerce and insurance companies it's hard to
               | have a relaxed returns policy when you also have to
               | accept that the majority of the claims will be
               | fraudulent.
        
             | ValentineC wrote:
             | I agree. Amazon's upper management should really do a
             | mystery shopping exercise themselves to see how
             | dysfunctional their (both Amazon.com's and AWS's) support
             | has become.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Might be hard to change anything when you have a core
             | metric that looks like this:
             | 
             | https://www.google.ca/search?q=amazon&tbm=fin
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | Link is broken.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | It's supposed to be the stock chart.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | looks like
               | https://www.google.com/finance/quote/AMZN:NASDAQ works
               | for me, based in the US.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | A/B testing is awesome for first order problems with your
             | web site design. By the time you're down to third order
             | problems it's reductive and cynical.
             | 
             | Immoral techniques always find support from amoral tools.
             | Dark patterns are justified by A/B testing. And shitty
             | people.
        
             | tootie wrote:
             | I recall reaching out to the customer service more than
             | once pre-2010 or so and they were incredibly responsive and
             | helpful. I guess they just couldn't scale human
             | interactions past a certain point.
        
               | billti wrote:
               | They still are. I had to contact support for some
               | purchases I didn't recognize a couple weeks back. I was
               | dreading the usual "support call" experience, but they
               | were super friendly and within 5 mins I was refunded and
               | they deactivated an old device from my account for
               | safety.
        
             | telltruth wrote:
             | "declined" is a major understatement. Too many practices at
             | Amazon is now decisively anti-customer:
             | 
             | - Fake reviews have been happening for years but almost no
             | progress from Amazon
             | 
             | - Huge number of fake products and/or misleading specs
             | 
             | - Sponsored products trumps organic results every time
             | 
             | - Sellers use whatever brand they wish instead of their
             | real names giving appearance that they are "official"
             | vendors of that brand
        
             | ekianjo wrote:
             | oh yeah? have you ever returned products on other online
             | stores?
        
             | Corrado wrote:
             | I don't know, I just returned a faulty smart light bulb and
             | the process was beyond easy. Just select it from my
             | previous orders, submit a request to return it, and choose
             | how to send it back. Pretty easy.
             | 
             | As a "bonus" I was able to send it back through a Kohl's
             | store so my wife got a 25% off coupon that she used to
             | purchase some masks and socks (and stuff). Yes, I know,
             | they got us to purchase more stuff, but she really likes
             | shopping there and it was a "we're going there anyway" kind
             | of thing. Plus I didn't have to box up the return or print
             | a label or anything. Just show the clerk the QRCode and
             | hand them the bare light bulb.
        
               | ImaCake wrote:
               | My anecdata counterfactual to this is that I recieved an
               | empty package and couldn't even figure out how to make a
               | complaint to Amazon let alone return it. It was a cheap
               | item so maybe they care more if it passes some threshold
               | value?
        
               | brazzledazzle wrote:
               | I had the same issue. I had to use the chat option. It
               | took a little bit but wasn't too long and they gave me a
               | refund without requiring I send back an empty package. I
               | would have eaten the cost (<$12) if I hadn't been able to
               | work it out though. Wasn't worth getting flagged as a
               | potential scammer.
        
               | Cro_on wrote:
               | My $2 book purchase anecdata from last summer runs
               | counterfactual to yours. The product never arrived and
               | within 48hours of complaint the cash had been returned.
        
             | codeulike wrote:
             | Practically have to do backflips to avoid accidentally
             | signing up to Amazon Prime. Dark patterns deployed front
             | and centre.
        
               | matttb wrote:
               | And canceling Amazon Prime requires you to click a button
               | saying you want to cancel four times.
        
               | ROARosen wrote:
               | The "customer" is at the heart of everything, not the
               | _ex_ -customer (or wanna-be ex, according to Amazon).
        
               | codeulike wrote:
               | I'm still a customer, I just don't want to buy their
               | bundle-of-services-I-dont-need. The tricks they pull with
               | tiny hard to find 'continue without signing up to Prime'
               | links are disgusting
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | I contacted support twice in 2 years for Prime
               | subscription I didn't want. Each time: "Are you sure you
               | didn-- Yes I'm sure, I knew intended to avoid it, so it's
               | clearly not me." Both times they correctly cancelled it.
        
               | jacobwilliamroy wrote:
               | The system is mostly designed to prey upon inattentive
               | seniors with disposable incomes.
        
               | billti wrote:
               | Anecdote for what it's worth:
               | 
               | I've been a heavy customer for many years. While I bemoan
               | the rampant knock off products and fraudulent reviews, by
               | shopping carefully I've actually never had a bad product
               | delivered, and the very few times I've needed to call
               | support, they've been super responsive and remedied the
               | issue quickly. (Mostly refunds for digital content
               | purchased incorrectly).
               | 
               | They may not be perfect, but that have that "Macdonalds"
               | aspect now; you know what you're getting and it's
               | consistently pretty good. Which is often more reassuring
               | than trying something new.
        
               | codeulike wrote:
               | I used to trust them, in the last few years the dark
               | patterns have been deployed with gradually increasing
               | intensity and it leaves a bad taste
        
             | mvanbaak wrote:
             | I had bought a product on amazon.de, it arrived with some
             | cosmetic damage (product worked, little scratch). To be
             | honest, it was one of the best customer support experiences
             | I had seen. Select order, select product, click button
             | 'problem', describe what the problem was, get return info,
             | DHL picked up the next day, two days later I had a
             | replacement product.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | ACow_Adonis wrote:
           | Do people do any analysis anymore or do they just repeat
           | memes? i.e. "we put the customer first".
           | 
           | For reference, I'm someone who hadn't used amazon (i'm in
           | Australia, and I've just had no need). These holidays was my
           | first real experience with the amazon brand and the amazon
           | website.
           | 
           | What I saw was an incredibly user hostile site: reviews
           | mashed together from all over the world, and you can't even
           | be sure whether they're reviewing the right product or the
           | seller. Search that doesn't work and you're never really sure
           | what you're getting and from whom. I was searching for
           | keyboard trays and it quickly became apparent various
           | products were all the same but just re-labelled cheap chinese
           | output.
           | 
           | When I went to check out, i had at least 3 dark patterns
           | encountered where Amazon was directly trying to screw me:
           | trying to trick me to sign up for prime, promising free
           | shipping on the click but then default you out of it when you
           | check out until you go searching for it, and continually
           | spamming me with offers for whatever their streaming service
           | is.
           | 
           | They weren't "customer first", they were actively customer
           | hostile. I don't understand how this keeps getting repeated,
           | unless their tech side is completely different from their
           | consumer side...
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | The customer friendliness is 1. free fast shipping 2. they
             | will cancel and refund things 3. if you make multiple
             | orders they'll combine them 4. the website loads really
             | fast.
             | 
             | Competitors have gotten better at many of these, but it's
             | still hard to impossible to cancel orders many other
             | places, and if I have to chat to Amazon they still refund
             | and replace things very easily.
             | 
             | I have used amazon.com.au and noticed the selection is
             | pretty bad there. amazon.jp is great though, and worldwide
             | shipping is amazingly fast. The customer service is even
             | more important there because Japanese companies hate
             | cancelling things or special requests (omotenashi/"Japanese
             | customer service" means you do what they tell you, not the
             | other way round.)
        
             | dingaling wrote:
             | > and you can't even be sure whether they're reviewing the
             | right product or the seller
             | 
             | I distinctly remember the point when I lost trust in
             | Amazon, after being a customer since 1997.
             | 
             | There were reviews for two books on the same topic, but
             | different authors, mixed together under one title. I
             | emailed Amazon to point this out and... they did nothing.
             | 
             | Nowadays the review section is a dark pattern itself, you
             | have to keep your wits about you. What used to be a great
             | public resource in the Internet has been lost.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | This is the "new amazon." Old Amazon was really customer
             | focused. Back when prime was a good value ($80/year for 2
             | shipping) everything just worked. You could find products
             | easily, order, automate reorders.
             | 
             | In the past five years, every visit to Amazon involved
             | wading through ads for bad products (eg, search for
             | Iphone7, see sponsored ads for Samsung phones). There are
             | more sponsored line items than actual results.
             | 
             | Prime's price has almost doubled and I had 6/25 packages
             | take longer than 2 days in the last year I had prime
             | (compared to 99-100% for the previous 15 years).
             | 
             | One click doesn't work because if I try it, I get charged
             | for shipping even though free is available. I have to
             | manually go into every over and uncheck 1-day shipping for
             | $5.99 (or whatever) and select free 2-day. Every time. And
             | I have to click through a screen to manually say I don't
             | want to buy prime.
             | 
             | Amazon sucks now. They abandoned their customers.
             | 
             | Comically, Walmart has a better (easier, faster, less
             | bullshit, cheaper) experience than Amazon. I never would
             | have guessed.
        
               | blabitty wrote:
               | My experience with Walmart is poorly packed boxes handled
               | roughly by FedEx leading to a bunch of damaged orders. At
               | this point Amazon's delivery service itself is a
               | differentiator for me, and I don't love the company or
               | paying for prime.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | That was mine with Walmart for a long time. In 2020, I
               | tried using them and find that they seemed to have
               | improved. Normally packed boxes, speedily shipped. For
               | me, I usually get UPS.
               | 
               | But I think the biggest thing for Walmart is the site as
               | shopping for hard drives shows you hard drives instead of
               | whatever people pay for ads. I was able to find the
               | product I wanted more easily.
        
           | victor106 wrote:
           | That video is pure gold. Lots of lessons you can use even
           | today for any business.
        
           | swalsh wrote:
           | The last experience I had with Amazon customer service was so
           | bad I decided to stop using them as much as is physically
           | possible. If your situation does not fit in a simple bucket,
           | they will force it into one even if its bad for them and you
           | at the same time.
        
           | ciupicri wrote:
           | Amazon's customer support is mediocre at best. I tried to buy
           | something from them and the card transaction failed because I
           | had some protections in place. Instead of them trying again,
           | they asked for all kinds of documents to prove the ownership.
           | I sent them a receipt from a local store, but it wasn't good
           | enough for them. I guess they don't want my money :-)
        
             | jdmichal wrote:
             | I would never take a receipt as proof of card ownership. If
             | I were to find a wallet, what's the chance that there's a
             | random receipt stuffed in there along with the card?
        
               | ciupicri wrote:
               | The receipt wasn't old. It was for shopping done after
               | they asked me for proof.
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | I think Amazon's search quality going down the drain lately.
           | Too much's been taken by promotions.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | Amazon's search and recommendations were never any good,
             | though. You've always had to search a page or three, and
             | buying a TV recommends you more TVs.
        
         | efwfwef wrote:
         | "this is day 1".
         | 
         | I'm wondering for what else it is day 1, right now.
         | 
         | I know cryptocurrencies have been booming, it's not clear
         | exactly if they will continue to boom but the space is already
         | so big that one has to really read a lot to catch up.
         | 
         | What else seems like a promising field that one could go 100%
         | into right now to bet on?
        
           | julesFromPulp wrote:
           | Yes cryptocurrencies are one thing but look at the
           | possibilities afforded with having a decentralized,
           | distributed ledger in all areas of life. Having a source of
           | truth in things like law or politics. This would be a
           | fundamental shift for society as a whole not just finance.
        
           | grogenaut wrote:
           | Quibble: to me "This is day one" is less about "what market
           | can we get in on the ground floor of and ride a wave". It is
           | more to underscore we are driving the innovation or market
           | and that we are always starting from zero, never too late to
           | change / pivot and we're still aggressively growing
           | everything, or that is the goalline.
           | 
           | That isn't meant to take away from your question. As a
           | developer I'm often focused on leaf concerns. Your question
           | is more about broad strokes and I have to remind myself to
           | think about fundamental changes.
        
           | throwaway568 wrote:
           | I think cryptocurrency is more akin to personal computer.
           | DeFi- the internet.
        
           | TaylorAlexander wrote:
           | I am in robotics and it seems well poised to grow. There's a
           | lot of big problems left to solve at the research level but
           | deep learning seems to be slowly knocking down big problems
           | left and right.
        
           | nitrogen wrote:
           | _What else seems like a promising field that one could go
           | 100% into right now to bet on?_
           | 
           | Biotech/bioinformatics/bioengineering.
        
         | petters wrote:
         | > Jeff's pitch at the time (1997); so on point, so precise:
         | 
         | Agreed! He knew exactly what he was doing.
         | 
         | Interesting that he talks about attention being a scarce
         | resource. Things did not improve from that point....
        
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