[HN Gopher] New Empty Units
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       New Empty Units
        
       Author : luu
       Score  : 29 points
       Date   : 2021-01-30 03:55 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.jefftk.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.jefftk.com)
        
       | hamilyon2 wrote:
       | The analysis is so obviously wrong, I can't imagine any of this
       | is real.
       | 
       | It assumes that rich entities will buy property at high prices in
       | a soon-to-be buyer's market. That they will not calculate ROI,
       | will not predict market collapse and will easily loose money. The
       | opposite, of course, is true. ROI will be meticulously
       | calculated, bubble will not form. Development companies, unamused
       | by weak demand will stop building long before there will be lots
       | of unaffordable, unsellable housing. Which might be good: market
       | forces at work.
        
         | shuckles wrote:
         | The right way to understand Nathan, the author of the piece, is
         | that - like many other rich kids of his class - they are
         | disguising an aesthetic preference for cute old buildings with
         | a material analysis which can justify that preference in light
         | of their purported egalitarian values.
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | _> The analysis is so obviously wrong_
         | 
         | Are you talking about my analysis, or Nathan Robinson's (who
         | I'm responding to)?
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | There is a flaw in your argument. If there is no demand for
         | extremely expensive luxury apartments none of them will be
         | built. The brain knot of luxury apartments making housing
         | unaffordable doesn't even come into play because no luxury
         | housing will be built.
        
         | makomk wrote:
         | Yeah, as I recall we've seen this happen on the rare occasion
         | cities built enough housing to cause the market to weaken. All
         | the property companies stop building the moment it starts to
         | happen because they know they're at risk of ending up with a
         | load of housing they can only offload at a loss, and that can
         | easily bankrupt them.
        
       | Finnucane wrote:
       | THe last time this actually happened, during the Great Bubble of
       | the early 2000s, developers built as fast as they could sell, to
       | anyone who could sign a a paper. It didn't matter if anyone
       | intended to actually live in the buildings. Whole developments
       | were built to stand empty. And when the bubble popped, indeed,
       | prices crashed. Also, stock markets, banks, jobs, income.
       | Foreclosures clogged the market. Corporate real-estate trusts
       | hoovered up the excess housing to convert to rentals. They have
       | not been exemplary landlords in the main. Have the poor benefited
       | in any way from any of this? No, of course not.
        
         | fingerlocks wrote:
         | > Have the poor benefited in any way from any of this?
         | 
         | Yeah, I lived in a sweet condo in downtown Seattle for a few
         | hundreds bucks a month in rent during the early 00's crash.
         | Being a poor college student at the time, and I'd say the price
         | collapse was _awesome_ , esp compared to dorms or other
         | dilapidated UW housing.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | shuckles wrote:
         | This presumes home building rates in the lead up to the GFC
         | were unusually high, when in fact they were at a 50 year low:
         | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3569920
        
           | Finnucane wrote:
           | https://www.census.gov/construction/nrc/historical_data/inde.
           | ..
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | This data at FRED is much easier to work with. As you
             | should be able to see, there was nothing exceptionally high
             | about new housing construction in the first part of the
             | 2000s.
             | 
             | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=AA2Q
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | What's scary is we now have whole entire generations of
           | Americans who have never personally witnessed a functioning
           | housing market, and this is the kind of junk they believe.
        
       | navait wrote:
       | I'm a YIMBY activist in my spare time. One criticism of my ideas
       | I've seen is that building more housing in my city will attract
       | more professionals to my city. Those people live in the new
       | housing, not existing low income residents. I think this is
       | because the shortage is so bad, and that these professionals
       | would eventually displace residents no matter what.
        
         | shuckles wrote:
         | At least in San Francisco, over 80% of residents in new
         | buildings lived in the city before moving in. I haven't heard a
         | single induced demand argument which is actually borne out by
         | reality.
         | 
         | For the one in this article: the cities with housing crises
         | have extremely low vacancy rates. And the drop in rents during
         | the pandemic has been most substantial in new buildings. If
         | supply was totally inelastic due to money laundering, that
         | would not be the case.
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | Land is priced at what the MAX a developer could make from
           | developing the land.
           | 
           | Short of completely changing everything about property
           | development from the financing (artificially low rates),
           | taxes (regressive), and development (zones) - there is no
           | solution.
           | 
           | If you could build more - someone would. You can't. And it's
           | not like we can just change one thing. The entire market is
           | forcing higher prices at every turn.
           | 
           | 66% of the US is a homeowner, remember. Most people have an
           | interest in NOT solving this problem.
        
             | shuckles wrote:
             | This is lazy analysis.
             | 
             | 1. Lots of industrial inputs are priced based on value they
             | provide the consumer. That's not what makes land special,
             | and there are many mechanisms to have non-developers
             | capture the value of land (cf. LVT, inclusionary zoning,
             | impact fees).
             | 
             | 2. Focus on developers is misplaced. There is no reason
             | developers are structurally incapable of making their
             | profits by building lots of units at low margins instead of
             | a few units at high margins. The fact that 100% subsidized
             | nonprofit developers deliver projects at nearly the same
             | costs as for profit developers suggests that the drivers of
             | costs are not developers themselves.
             | 
             | 3. San Francisco is majority renter yet makes no local
             | policy changes to alleviate the supply crisis. The
             | incentives at play have a lot less to do with greedy
             | developers than you describe.
             | 
             | 4. Low interest rates can either manifest as lots of units
             | offered at cost or high multiples on ownership vs rentals.
             | Which one you get is a policy choice. I don't know what you
             | mean by "artificially low" and how that's even relevant.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Greedy developers don't want to drive the value of their
               | existing properties up, they want to build more
               | properties because that is an easy way to double or
               | triple their money.
               | 
               | Greedy owners of single family housing want to drive the
               | value of their house up because they can't easily invest
               | into a second home. A lot of them also love the idea of
               | halting progress at all costs, even if it harms them or
               | their children in the long run.
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | Housing developers aren't out there with 50-70% margins.
               | Their net margins are usually well under 10%.
               | 
               | The only people doubling and tripling their money are
               | Boomers who bought houses with 1-2 years of saving
               | ordinary wages, spent 40 years shouting down new
               | construction in their towns, and now are sitting on
               | millions of dollars of unearned returns.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | >One criticism of my ideas I've seen is that building more
         | housing in my city will attract more professionals to my city.
         | 
         | You mean all those people you built offices for? Why did you
         | build offices for them if you didn't want them in your city?
         | Ever though about that?
        
       | imtringued wrote:
       | After spending so much time on this topic I always came to the
       | same conclusion. Even when I made the most extreme assumptions it
       | didn't change the answer. Just build more housing or stop
       | building too much commercial real estate. That's it.
       | 
       | The truth is that Californians love expensive housing. They love
       | having lots of jobs that attract people outside their city. They
       | also love yelling at the people they desperately tried to
       | attract. They love homeless people and want to support their drug
       | problems. They never put themselves into the shoe of outsiders or
       | even developers and care about nothing except their own selfish
       | desires. That's what true greed looks like. It's in plain sight
       | and until that greed is gone nothing will change.
        
         | tumbleweeds wrote:
         | I wouldn't say Californians love expensive housing. They love
         | the speculative market which draws a good investment on their
         | prior investment. Problem is it inevitably squeezes out all
         | those people who cannot to pay market rate. Not for a house or
         | an apartment. Where do they go? Suburbs nearest are already
         | full, the periphery between aren't too far from being the next
         | redeveloped arras. Some resort to commuting 2-3 hours each way
         | since they can at least buy a cheaper home hours away and not
         | infinitely pay rising rent. They do build "cheaper" houses in
         | the exurbs so that helps some but the vacancies are filled by
         | all others chasing the California lifestyle even if only
         | temporary.
         | 
         | One point to add is that it's pretty expensive to build in
         | California. Even to fix an old house could incur 20-25% more
         | due to retrofitting for earthquakes. Getting land and whatever
         | property isn't cheap on top of doing anything further to it.
         | I'm in the field and started wanting to do affordable housing
         | but the pace at which it all moves is pushing me towards other
         | paths. Say 3-5 years for 1,200 new units to get through various
         | agencies and built on time, most of which are not meant to be
         | affordable units. Can people put their struggles on pause in
         | hopes of being lucky this round? Much as may be said to signal
         | virtue, there is an obvious informal aversion living next to
         | poor people.
         | 
         | What made me laugh was when the City of Los Angeles was
         | building those homeless shelters and still charging city fees.
         | Way of the system, ok, but why would the city need to charge
         | itself permitting fees? I feel there's a huge indifference to
         | put only a facade of trying but at least it produces a few
         | units at an astronomical cost to taxpayers. The are already
         | paying for an annual budget half-owned by the police. Relevant
         | point because a lot of cops and city workers don' live in the
         | city either. They take their income and their future pensions
         | elsewhere and the residents paying for these services get so
         | little of those tremendous salaries reinvested back in their
         | own communities.
         | 
         | Greed will always be here. I don't see it changing either
         | unfortunately.
        
       | jeffrallen wrote:
       | I'm suspicious of a plan to help the poor that depends on rich
       | people making a bubble pop. Somehow the rich always manage to put
       | their losses onto the poor.
        
         | tormeh wrote:
         | You're right, but for the wrong reasons. Aesthetics has always
         | trumped economics when it comes to housing, and the speculators
         | know this. The probability that this will change anytime soon
         | is essentially zero. You're better off moving somewhere where
         | they haven't fucked it up. I'd like to suggest Houston here,
         | but there are still HOAs and similar stuff there.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | It's not an argument in favor of creating a bubble and letting
         | it pop. The argument is that even in the most extreme scenario
         | that building more housing will lower the cost of housing in
         | the long term. Even expensive housing will make the rest of the
         | housing market affordable.
        
         | dan-robertson wrote:
         | I don't think the idea is that there is a bubble or that there
         | will be a pop. The OP is an argument _against_ the theory that
         | new units are speculative investments that lie empty. The
         | suggestion is that if that were the case then there would
         | eventually be enough supply that prices would fall for new or
         | existing stock. That feels appealing to me. It also feels
         | reasonable that converting existing buildings to have more
         | units would be beneficial for a city's poorer residents in
         | general even if it's bad for those who are evicted: the people
         | moving into the newer more expensive units would only increase
         | demand (and therefore price) for the other older units if new
         | units weren't available, pushing up prices for existing
         | residents. I'm unconvinced by the idea that the rich will
         | decide to move to a city based on whether or not there is a
         | pencil tower.
         | 
         | A counter argument I find compelling is that if people are
         | buying property as a way of laundering money or stashing cash
         | overseas then they may not care so much about the quality of
         | the investment and that this breaks some of the assumptions
         | about market efficiency.
        
         | shuckles wrote:
         | No the plan to help the poor is to build enough supply that
         | there is housing for all who desire to live in a place. That
         | aim is eminently possible, and to the extent some of those
         | people need subsidies no matter what, becomes easier when you
         | have a larger tax base.
         | 
         | The only realistic plan to help poor people afford healthcare
         | in the United States will necessarily tackle the enormously
         | high costs. The opposition isn't narrowly "rich people" though
         | but instead a wide range of above median income white collar
         | industries.
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | We have a huge contingent of what I call vacancy truthers here in
       | Berkeley and the rest of the Bay Area. Earlier this week a former
       | candidate for city government was opining that new
       | "gentrification tower" - actually tremendously expensive and not
       | at all luxurious studio apartments in a 5 story building -- were
       | all vacant! Look at all these available apartments!
       | 
       | But these truthers simply never understand the numbers. In the
       | first place they always underestimate the number of occupied
       | apartments in a building. In the specific case there are 170
       | apartments and 90 of them are already occupied. In the second
       | place, they always underestimate normal vacancy rates. Zero is
       | not a healthy vacancy rate. 10% is a healthy and normal vacancy
       | rate in functioning markets. Finally, these people don't
       | understand the process of leasing out a new building. It usually
       | takes a full year to get to 90%. Again in the specific building I
       | heard about, they only got their certificate of occupancy in
       | September 2020, are already more than half occupied, and are
       | leasing out at about 1 per day which is well ahead of the normal
       | pace.
        
         | jseliger wrote:
         | Meanwhile the empirical work consistently shows what anyone
         | familiar with supply and demand would expect: more units lowers
         | overall cost: https://www.slowboring.com/p/induced-demand.
        
         | shuckles wrote:
         | The vacancy rate of permanent supportive housing units in San
         | Francisco is 6%, which was higher than the vacancy rate of
         | market rate housing. I guess that means there is no need to
         | build more PSH? QED, suckers.
        
       | smitty1e wrote:
       | Those who do not understand Thomas Sowell[1] are doomed to wonder
       | why reality never quite conforms to their conceits.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.amazon.com/Basic-Economics-Thomas-
       | Sowell/dp/0465...
        
         | mnd999 wrote:
         | I am not familiar with Thomas Sowell and realistically I'm not
         | going to read his book to figure out why you cite him here.
         | Could you at least give a hint?
        
           | smitty1e wrote:
           | Wisdom
        
             | namenotrequired wrote:
             | So, how and why does reality never quite conform to the
             | concepts in the article?
        
               | smitty1e wrote:
               | The article outlines the conceited maps of man; the
               | overarching conceit being: the territory can be conformed
               | to some arbitrary map.
               | 
               | Not unlike the counterintuitive way I am telling you the
               | truth, a positive thing, and getting modded down for it
               | in this thread in the most punk-tacular fashion.
        
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       (page generated 2021-01-31 23:03 UTC)