[HN Gopher] Personal experiences bridge moral and political divi...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Personal experiences bridge moral and political divides better than
       facts
        
       Author : lobbly
       Score  : 184 points
       Date   : 2021-01-29 22:28 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.pnas.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.pnas.org)
        
       | stakkur wrote:
       | Yes; beyond a (very) small in-group of people we are part of,
       | larger groups of people relate mainly through shared stories, not
       | 'facts'. Hence religion, nation myths, etc. Likewise, they fight
       | over conflicting stories.
       | 
       | Yuval Harari does a concise and brilliant job of explaining this
       | in _Sapiens_ , which I seem to recommend to everyone I meet.
       | 
       | TL;DR: facts are not how humans interact.
        
       | gweinberg wrote:
       | Personal experiences are facts. What the article refers to as
       | "facts" are more properly known as "factoids". Approximately 73%
       | of quoted statistics are simply made up, and an unknown
       | percentage are deliberately misleading.
       | 
       | An actual personal experience is a very different thing from a
       | second-hand (or worse) anecdote.
        
         | R0b0t1 wrote:
         | Many many people reject personal experience of any type as
         | specious and constantly reject opinions contrary to their own
         | when shown contradictory evidence on this basis. It is a large
         | part of the reason the country is the way it is.
        
       | hntrader wrote:
       | What bridges divides the best is unfortunately a common enemy
       | that has agency, which unites previously warring factions against
       | a common outgroup. This is the unfortunate reality of our tribal
       | brains. Just look at how this whole GME episode (common villain -
       | hedge funds) has brought the US left and right closer together
       | (even though the gulf remains large) than they've been in years.
       | COVID was a missed opportunity, we had an opportunity to cleverly
       | frame as an outgroup threat (which lacked agency, so it's not an
       | ideal driver of group cohesion), which we didn't do.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | On that note, the stonks crowd have already sentenced Robinhood
         | to death even though the facts of the case have been wildly
         | misrepresented. The belief that Citadel et al was out to get
         | them and pulled strings to make it happen took hold with
         | religious fervor even when the evidence says that's not what
         | happened at all.
        
           | hntrader wrote:
           | I mostly agree, but the only evidence we have is Robinhood's
           | word which industry people seem to have taken as gospel. It's
           | not implausible that they're lying, given that Citadel is
           | their biggest customer, and they could've done what they did
           | without breaking any laws, e.g. by purposely failing to
           | arrange the appropriate credit lines in time, thereby
           | guaranteeing that they'll be able to go "oops, we don't have
           | the capital, we have no choice but to shut her down now".
        
       | UncleOxidant wrote:
       | Key point:
       | 
       | "The problem is that facts--at least today--are themselves
       | subject to doubt, especially when they conflict with our
       | political beliefs (21). In the past decades, America has seen a
       | decentralization of news and information (22) that has allowed
       | people to gather their "own facts" (i.e., alternative facts; ref.
       | 23). Most recently, claims of "fake news" allow people to
       | distrust any information that fails to align with their political
       | beliefs (24, 25) and to trust fake news that aligns with their
       | beliefs (26)."
       | 
       | This is the epistemic crisis we're currently facing. Up until
       | about the late 70s we had 3 news networks that were all pretty
       | much middle of the road politically. Newspapers could have more
       | of a discernible political leaning, but even there most of the
       | mainstream ones we're pretty centrist. People who hewed to an
       | extreme political position in either direction were ostracized
       | and thus had a very small audience. We had more of a common
       | narrative which is now gone.
        
         | jariel wrote:
         | In 1980 newspapers were where >50% of advertising dollars were
         | spent, now it's going to nothing - and - they have to fight for
         | every little click using click bait.
         | 
         | You can see the natural progression towards hyper bifurcated
         | viewpoints.
        
           | iguy wrote:
           | If they were just smaller that would be one thing, but the
           | change in what they get paid for is bigger, I think.
           | 
           | A paper supported by the big department store's ads is
           | incentivised to be broad, because the store wants to sell to
           | everyone. Likewise a paper supported classified and by sunday
           | realtor adds -- nobody wants to sell their house exclusively
           | to members of some fringe, they want the widest distribution.
           | 
           | But a paper supported by its most outraged subscribers will
           | cater to them, and importantly, to keeping them outraged.
        
           | orzig wrote:
           | As long as we're talking about objective facts, I'll add that
           | "Going to nothing" means going from $25B/y down to $5B/y,
           | which is a huge drop - but also $5B/y.
           | 
           | It's continuing to trend downward, so "going to nothing" is
           | not a clearly false summary, but we might as well be specific
           | 
           | Source: https://www.statista.com/chart/20244/estimated-print-
           | adverti...
        
         | yters wrote:
         | Including the NYT communist shilling with Walter Durante? That
         | doesn't seem so middle of the road.
        
           | iguy wrote:
           | Different era. "Up until about the late 70s" makes it sound
           | like this was the eternal state of affairs, but it wasn't. It
           | was a few postwar decades.
        
             | UncleOxidant wrote:
             | Right, if I could edit (too late now it seems) I would add
             | "from post WWII till about the late 70s".
        
         | dantheman wrote:
         | Don't forget the media lied throughout that time too; let us
         | not forget the craziness of satanic ritual abuse, or the lies
         | that led to the vietnam war, etc...
         | 
         | The media and the government routinely mislead the public, look
         | at in 2019 the intentional confusion of blackmarket thc vapes
         | and tobacco vaping. Or more recently, the use of human
         | trafficking.
         | 
         | To claim there was sometime in the past where the news was good
         | and reliable would require overlooking a huge amount of actual
         | historic malfeasance.
        
           | austincheney wrote:
           | > Don't forget the media lied
           | 
           | The significance of that varies by person. If you need social
           | reinforcement to validate your interpretation of information
           | the _media lying_ is certainly significant, but then if you
           | are more reliant upon social reinforcement you aren 't acting
           | on original interpretations of the information anyways. In
           | other words this argument is moot.
        
           | UncleOxidant wrote:
           | > Don't forget the media lied throughout that time too; let
           | us not forget the craziness of satanic ritual abuse, or the
           | lies that led to the vietnam war, etc...
           | 
           | The satanic ritual abuse stuff was in the 80s early 90s. Lies
           | that led to vietnam, sure. But also there were lies that led
           | to the Iraq war in the more fractured Fox News/internet age
           | so it seems like the more fractured, politicized news didn't
           | help protect against that.
           | 
           | > To claim there was sometime in the past where the news was
           | good and reliable would require overlooking a huge amount of
           | actual historic malfeasance.
           | 
           | Sure, my point was there was a past where we had a more
           | common narrative. That certainly has downsides, but now we're
           | seeing that it had some advantages compared to our current
           | fractured era.
        
       | ssivark wrote:
       | This paper just validates as "fact" something that I strongly
       | believed by "personal experience" :-D
       | 
       | As humans (evolutionarily social creatures), we have a natural
       | empathy that's hard to circumvent unless the discussion turns
       | into very abstract statements about belief & facts & rationality.
       | IME, all but a narrow segment of people are typically very
       | receptive to hearing about and empathizing with other's
       | experiences. Over time, this might also significantly change
       | perspectives through osmosis.
       | 
       | Very rarely do perspectives change in any significant manner
       | before and after a "logical argument" -- and for good reason
       | https://slatestarcodex.com/2019/06/03/repost-epistemic-learn...
        
       | grahamburger wrote:
       | Seems like we abandoned this type of emotional, personal rhetoric
       | not because it didn't work but because it worked too well at
       | manipulating people's opinions. I wonder if we can return to it
       | without losing our grasp of reality.
        
         | UncleOxidant wrote:
         | I'm imagining YouTube (or maybe even HN) comments becoming
         | dominated by stories of harm supposed people have supposedly
         | experienced. There's no way to tell if a person you're
         | interacting with in these kinds of contexts has actually
         | experienced the harm they claim or if it's just being used to
         | manipulate. So I'd agree that in the case of internet forums
         | I'm not entirely sure this is a step in the right direction.
         | For person-to-person, face-to-face interactions IRL it would be
         | a different story as you could rely on non-verbal cues to help
         | determine validity and you might have a history of relationship
         | with the person you're interacting with.
        
       | indymike wrote:
       | In politics, there's a saying, "A story is worth 1000
       | spreadsheets."
        
       | auggierose wrote:
       | A personal experience is a fact. It is a fact we can be pretty
       | sure of, and we know the context of that fact. Obviously, once we
       | extrapolate from that experienced fact, it becomes bias.
       | 
       | A fact that is not a personal experience is difficult to trust.
       | Even if I trust the source of that fact, I am often not sure if I
       | understand the fact properly. Anyone who has ever tried to
       | understand a math theorem might relate.
       | 
       | It is entirely rational to trust more in your personal bias. In
       | fact, I would argue that the only way to trust a fact is to make
       | it somehow into something that you can personally experience. For
       | example, to understand a math theorem, it helps to look at lots
       | of different kinds of examples where it holds (and where it
       | doesn't).
        
       | tacitusarc wrote:
       | It's interesting to me that this delineates between facts and
       | personal experience as if personal experience doesn't occupy the
       | same space as facts. Perhaps a more useful way to think about
       | people's relation to truth is one of proximity. For a given
       | individual, their personal experience is entirely factual, and
       | because it is also most proximate to them, it is weighted the
       | most highly. Intuitively, I think we understand this, so we tend
       | to weight other people's experiences similarly, knowing that
       | those are as proximate to them as our experiences are to us.
        
         | MaxBarraclough wrote:
         | > this delineates between facts and personal experience as if
         | personal experience doesn't occupy the same space as facts
         | 
         | As a matter of neuroscience, from a quick search it appears
         | that they do not, [0] although as a philosophical point sure,
         | personal history narratives consist (at least partly) of
         | beliefs of facts.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2952732/ (or
         | if you like paywalls:
         | https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FS1355617710000676 )
        
         | danielam wrote:
         | N.b. in "An Essay in aid of a Grammar of Assent"[0], John Henry
         | Newman makes a distinction between real and notional
         | apprehension that would, I think, be useful here.
         | 
         | [0] http://www.newmanreader.org/works/grammar/chapter4-1.html
        
         | petilon wrote:
         | > _as if personal experience doesn 't occupy the same space as
         | facts_
         | 
         | There is some overlap but it is not the same space. Humans tend
         | to extrapolate and generalize. For example based on your
         | personal experience with one (or a few) persons of ethnicity1
         | you may generalize that all persons of ethnicity1 have
         | attribute2. But this is not a fact.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | Many facts are universal claims that are actually pretty hard
         | to prove. It can take many scientific studies to establish a
         | fact. It's often not easy to figure out what to believe.
         | 
         | It's also often the case the whoever is asserting a fact didn't
         | figure it out themselves. They are repeating someone else's
         | assertion. Often, they misunderstood or simplified.
         | 
         | With personal stories, it's simpler: do you believe the person
         | telling the story or not?
        
         | Udik wrote:
         | Personal experiences are not facts- they can be cherry-picked,
         | they can be biased, they can be exaggerated and even just made-
         | up. When reporting a supposedly objective fact, you have at
         | least the benefit of multiple independent points of view over
         | it- something observable happened and multiple people reported
         | on it. When you hear a personal experience, you're often
         | hearing an unconfirmed and un-confirmable recount of things
         | that are entirely outside of public verification.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Facts can very much be cherry-picked and usually are, so
           | facts alone don't get you closer to the truth. On the
           | contrary, the way people use facts is by selecting them after
           | the fact (no pun indended) to bolster a position they've
           | already settled on. Everyone does this, and with a little
           | self-honesty anyone can easily observe themselves doing it.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | If I understand it correctly, the claim is not that personal
         | experience narration is a superior form of objective
         | information to facts, it's that sharing personal experience is
         | more likely to create a feeling of relational connection and
         | that in turn is more likely to lead to a shift in position.
         | 
         | Tossing facts in an argument where people don't feel any
         | personal connection is a bit like throwing stones at each
         | other. Maybe the one with more and bigger stones gains a
         | temporary advantage, but it leads to a retrenchment of
         | positions, which doesn't help in the long run.
        
           | mlthoughts2018 wrote:
           | I think the aspect that spans between your comment and the
           | one you replied to is this:
           | 
           | Why should "personal experiences" be a different category
           | than "facts?" (even taking for granted the extra step you
           | mentioned, where it is the use of these experiences within a
           | discussion, not the absolute existence of the experience, at
           | play).
           | 
           | For example, suppose I know you and you are honest and
           | trustworthy, so if you verbally testify to an experience,
           | I'll believe it.
           | 
           | Why would there be a difference in you coming to me and
           | saying, "I attended a BLM rally and just observed such a
           | clear and obvious peaceful sense of non-violent protesting"
           | vs you coming to me and saying "According to research
           | institute XYZ, statistically almost none of the BLM protests
           | involved violence."
           | 
           | Both of those things are facts in 100% the same sense, in
           | every way. But because _you personally_ claim to experience
           | one of them, I am likely to give it more weight.
           | 
           | Even though there are plenty of reasonable hypotheses why
           | humans would rely on this heuristic, it is still a big
           | problem and a big source of manipulation, from liars,
           | deceivers, conspiracy theories, debunked cranks, folk wisdom,
           | etc.
           | 
           | If our goal is to _believe as accurately as possible_ then we
           | should not feel accepting or accommodating of a heuristic
           | quirk in which we regard one set of facts that have the door
           | wide open to manipulation (anecdotes of others) as generally
           | more compelling than facts sourced through research,
           | compiling data, journalism and so forth.
           | 
           | If we let up the pressure to thwart this heuristic, the most
           | likely outcome is that people use confirmation bias and folk
           | wisdom to construct false realities - and indeed in the US we
           | have been seeing that play out in a huge violent saga. That
           | didn't happen because people don't like being confronted with
           | hard facts, it happened because we have allowed much too weak
           | of a sense of social obligation to align beliefs with
           | accurate predictions, as opposed to merely letting people
           | feel they are entitled to believe whatever they want.
        
         | monadic3 wrote:
         | What the fuck is a fact
        
       | stonecraftwolf wrote:
       | This is only true if someone deems you or your experiences
       | credible, and this in turn is highly related to existing biases
       | and relative places in social hierarchies.
        
         | nickhuh wrote:
         | It's a good point and the study does some investigation of the
         | question in Section 7 [1]. They find the trend seems to
         | generalize across multiple speaker identities. Personal
         | experiences appear more effective than facts at fostering
         | respect for a wide range of different speakers.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.pnas.org/content/118/6/e2008389118#sec-7
        
       | croissants wrote:
       | The upshot of these experiments appears to be: communicating a
       | "relevant, harm-based, and personal experience" leads people to
       | rate you as more rational and respect you more. Maybe because it
       | reframes the interaction from "who will win this fight, _you_ or
       | _me_? " to "gosh, I'm a vulnerable human, and here's part of how
       | I got that way", which makes _beating them at this game_ or
       | demonizing them...somewhat less appealing.
        
         | TameAntelope wrote:
         | Vulnerability has been popular for a while now as a way of
         | successfully navigating crucial conversations.
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | So we politely validate the other person's personal experience
         | and go on our way, forgetting about the whole thing and
         | cleaving back to our original ideas within a few hours.
         | 
         | That is to say, maybe neither of the interventions in this
         | study has any long-term impact.
        
       | discodave wrote:
       | I totally agree! I recently wrote a blog post saying something
       | like this:
       | 
       | http://blog.drgriffin.com.au/posts/2021-01-13-facts-will-not...
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | monadic3 wrote:
       | ...surprising to fucking who?
        
       | austincheney wrote:
       | > Both liberals and conservatives believe
       | 
       | Upon seeing that I stopped reading.
       | 
       | Most people abhor objectivity and cannot perform self-reflection
       | within anything remotely close to any outside observation. Asking
       | people to self-identify against loaded (poorly understood)
       | political labels only compounds the otherwise commonly stupid
       | behavior at play.
       | 
       | Data does not exist for the general population to make better
       | decisions. It is there only for the trained analyst, leader,
       | manager to make better decisions. I know that sounds elitist, but
       | in discussions of behavior data elitism seems to take on
       | radically different definitions compared to social contexts, and
       | I am fine with that.
        
       | umvi wrote:
       | The problem with "objective facts" is that they are often
       | carefully selected or pulled out of context to bolster the
       | arguer's position. I'm sure everyone can think of objective facts
       | related to covid that both make the disease seem more deadly, and
       | also objective facts that make it seem less deadly.
       | 
       | Appeals to emotion with subjective experiences have the same
       | problem. You can use them to bolster support for the arguer's
       | position even if it's only representative of a tiny sample.
       | 
       | The actual optimal policies we should be making over a wide
       | variety of issues (environment, immigration, healthcare, and
       | more) are very difficult to ascertain from objective facts or
       | subjective experiences alone since both reflect the agendas and
       | biases of those presenting them.
       | 
       | For any given issue there will be enough facts and stats to tell
       | the story you want to tell, and for any given issue there were be
       | some heartwrenching experiences of how someone was screwed over
       | by the issue/policy.
        
         | starkd wrote:
         | Sure, this is the obvious takeaway if you are solely interested
         | in how to persuade others and advance your agenda. But the
         | reason why personal experiences are better at bridging
         | moral/political divides is because shared experience makes it
         | possible for to hear another viewpoint. If all you get from
         | this study is an improved approach to advancing your issue,
         | that's a shame.
        
           | joe_the_user wrote:
           | _...shared experience makes it possible for to hear another
           | viewpoint._
           | 
           | That's specifically why personal experience is a persuasion
           | tool and an effective one - which isn't an absolute bad thing
           | but also doesn't make it an inherently good thing.
           | 
           | The average person, debating on the Internet or off, tends to
           | start in an intensely emotional state. Giving your own
           | personal experience backs them down from that intense
           | emotional state.
           | 
           | Once the person has backed-down a bit you can give your pitch
           | and your pitch can be anything, either a plea for rational
           | inquiry into the situation or your own intensely
           | manipulative, emotional and off-kilter claims.
           | 
           | I personally try to go from polarized emotional shouting
           | matches to "let's make a model of the world and consider what
           | makes sense in it" approaches. I think if you can get someone
           | to start thinking about things that way, you have given them
           | thinking-tools and not simply openness.
           | 
           | Something to think about is that simple openness is by no
           | means an inherently good thing. A lot of New Age ideologies
           | talk about the need to stay open with upshot that people open
           | themselves to all sorts of poisonous and delusional crap.
           | Being open but selective in what you let in is much better.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | I have lots of shared experiences with my parents, but there
           | is no bridging our moral/political divide. The assumptions
           | they use in their model of the world, as well as the data,
           | are completely inappropriate. At least to accomplish my
           | goals.
           | 
           | I think unless conversations agree on the assumptions and
           | agree on the data sources and data itself, and even the
           | logic, it's going to end in disagreement. My parents can hold
           | conflicting viewpoints simultaneously, in sentences one after
           | another, and have no problem with it.
        
             | jcims wrote:
             | Viewpoints are typically the intersection of a number of
             | values. Your interpretation of conflict might just be a
             | function of how your values are weighted vs those of your
             | parents.
        
             | starkd wrote:
             | "My parents can hold conflicting viewpoints simultaneously,
             | in sentences one after another, and have no problem with
             | it."
             | 
             | They probably say the same about you. The hard truth is
             | that most people hold conflicting opinions. It usually
             | takes about 20 years of being an adult to come to this
             | realization.
        
         | thereisnospork wrote:
         | Or as the late great Mark Twain put it: "There are three kinds
         | of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics."
         | 
         | A good example of FUD spreading using 'facts' is the current
         | war on vaping. More contentiously, there is also the war
         | against glycophosphate.
        
           | gnarbarian wrote:
           | Reminds me of the apocryphal but excellent quote:
           | 
           | "If you don't read the newspaper, you're uninformed. If you
           | read the newspaper, you're mis-informed." Mark Twain
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | I don't know anything about these "wars". What's happening?
        
             | thereisnospork wrote:
             | There's a bunch of ads promoting making vaping illegal, on
             | terrestrial radio/tv fear mongering about heavy metals
             | aimed at the 'Karen' crowd. As far as I can tell they are
             | based on a few people who died after consuming grey market
             | THC cartridges and some studies where the scientists
             | intentionally cranked up the wattage above spec to get
             | metal release.
             | 
             | Glycophosphate (Round-Up) allegedly caused cancer in a few
             | workers who, per label, grossly misused it. There have a
             | been a few high profile lawsuits, at least one in CA, over
             | those cancers, and corresponding calls to ban it. This is
             | of course despite both an excellent safety record and lack
             | of safer alternatives, asserted by many studies and meta
             | studies from the FDA and the European equivalent.
             | Glycophosphate though, is 'factually'[0] listed by IARC as
             | a class 2A carcinogen. I'm sure there are few HN threads
             | digging into this one if you have lots of time to kill.
             | 
             | [0]IARC is basically a factory of 'facts' that sound bad
             | but aren't when it comes to cancer: class 2A is the same
             | class as eating red meat.
        
               | chalst wrote:
               | Roundup deserves its bad press, regardless of which exact
               | scandal caused it to penetrate popular consciousness.
               | Monsanto's highest margin R-Up product range is ultra-
               | high dosage pesticides together with crops designed to
               | tolerate the pesticide. It kills all rival plants, as
               | advertised, and through its effect on funghi and bacteria
               | it has plenty of knock-on effects on local ecologies.
               | It's real "Silent Spring" material.
               | 
               | The decision by the EU Parliament to ensure that
               | decisions about permissibility of pesticides are based on
               | open science, rather than the proprietary study model
               | that dominated before, has led to a lot of good research.
               | Cf. e.g.,
               | 
               | https://academic.oup.com/toxsci/article/176/2/253/5835885
               | ?ca...
        
               | MegaButts wrote:
               | > This is of course despite both an excellent safety
               | record and lack of safer alternatives, asserted by many
               | studies and meta studies from the FDA and the European
               | equivalent.
               | 
               | Leaded gasoline had an extraordinary safety record for
               | decades before suddenly being recognized as dangerous.
               | The story is actually fascinating. But my point is this
               | is actually not as strong of an argument as you might
               | think, especially since glyphosate is a patented chemical
               | effectively sold by one company.
               | 
               | https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/94569/clair-
               | patterson-sc...
        
               | wazoox wrote:
               | I think that the patents on glyphosate itself expired
               | recently. The RoundUp-ready seeds are still protected,
               | though.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Glyphosate itself was discovered back in the 50's;
               | patents around that would have expired ~50 years ago.
               | 
               | The patents around glyphosate resistant soybeans expired
               | five or ten years back; someone immediately produced and
               | released an unencumbered version. (I don't think it's as
               | popular as you'd think; the yields are a bit lower than
               | the state-of-the-art varieties available now, and farmers
               | purchase new seeds every year for a lot of reasons beyond
               | patent encumbrance.)
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | lamename wrote:
         | You're right. This is how people with an agenda misuse facts.
         | But just because specific facts can be misused does not mean we
         | abandon using facts at all. Many facts are biased. All personal
         | experiences are biased. Being less wrong is the goal.
        
         | weaksauce wrote:
         | > [0] For example (and this is just one example), I remember
         | last year stories about how covid-19 victims were going into
         | mass graves in New York City. And while that was a true and an
         | objective fact, important context was left out. The context
         | that was missing was that they were being buried on Hart
         | Island, which is literally a mass grave site designated for
         | unidentifiable persons dying of any cause, not just covid. But
         | if you leave that part out it seems like the bodies are piling
         | up so fast and so high the authorities had no choice but to
         | dump the corpses in mass graves. Whereas in truth only
         | unidentifiable/unclaimed covid victims were buried on Hart
         | Island, and the same fate happens to any of NYC's homeless when
         | they die for any reason and nobody claims the body.
         | 
         | Except even your "objective fact" lacks the context.
         | 
         | Hart island is and was a mass grave for unidentified/unclaimed
         | bodies... however the number of dead going to that island was
         | way way higher than years before during normal times. Hell even
         | in october of last year at a time where the virus was more
         | under control there was still 4 times(360 vs 90) the number
         | normally going to that island. the number buried there through
         | october was over 2 times the total buried there from the
         | previous year with two more months to go in the year.
         | 
         | even people who discount covid as a bad, made up thing also
         | can't escape the fact that the year is _far_ more deadly from
         | deaths of any cause than prior years:
         | 
         | https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/excess_deaths.htm
         | 
         | So either people are dying from _something else_ at an alarming
         | rate that defies predictions or covid is something worth taking
         | seriously(also, the fact that death is not the only outcome and
         | there are people with serious long term negative effects).
        
           | orzig wrote:
           | And, while I don't debate the premise of the OP's article,
           | the big redeeming virtue of objective facts is that we can
           | dig into them - exactly like we're doing here.
        
           | umvi wrote:
           | I ended up deleting that example because I _knew_ someone was
           | going to quibble about it. More people were buried on Hart
           | Island in 2020 than previous years but more people were
           | buried _everywhere_ in 2020. That doesn 't change the fact
           | that Hart Island existed pre-covid and will continue to exist
           | post-covid and that the "mass graves" stories were based on
           | carefully selected out-of-context facts in order to paint
           | covid in a deadlier light.
        
             | weaksauce wrote:
             | Fair enough i didn't notice that you deleted that.
             | 
             | > That doesn't change the fact that Hart Island existed
             | pre-covid and will continue to exist post-covid
             | 
             | sure. i don't take issue with that. it was just one of many
             | reports on the anomaly events like the refrigerator morgues
             | and other events. Fact of the matter this disease is very
             | deadly and the articles of the time show it.
             | 
             | here's articles from both sides of the aisle during that
             | time period:
             | 
             | https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/11/us/hart-island-coronavirus-
             | bu...
             | 
             | https://www.foxnews.com/us/aerial-images-new-york-hart-
             | islan...
             | 
             | Both show proper context and highlight how different the
             | burials were. (neither of them are AP stories) fox notes
             | that burials went from one day a week to five days a week.
             | both offer the history of the island and what it's normally
             | used for. I see a fair article from both of those
             | ideologically opposed orgs.
        
         | mmsimanga wrote:
         | This was the biggest lesson I learnt when doing my PhD. One of
         | the sections I had to look at what factors led to successful
         | software projects within companies. This could be anything,
         | from going with Open Source, buying the right software from the
         | right vendor, management involvement, 10X developer in the
         | company or even something as simple as user training. You can
         | practically pick whatever factor suits your bias and you will
         | find the data that supports your argument.
        
           | fsflover wrote:
           | Perhaps because it's all true and all those factors help the
           | projects?
        
             | mmsimanga wrote:
             | You are right. The problem comes when it is time to weight
             | which one is most important when making a decision. Open
             | source Vs of the shelf all these "true"facts are brought to
             | the table. It often ends up being what head honcho wants or
             | going with IBM/Microsoft. No one ever got fired for making
             | that decision
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | Here is an awesome discussion between Andrew Yang and a moral
       | psychologist named Jonathan Haidt about these issues:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/gjufYwIbITw
       | 
       | Haidt also has a book named The Righteous Mind: Why Good People
       | are Divided by Politics and Religion.
        
       | offtop5 wrote:
       | Actually when it comes to personal experiences, and human to
       | human offline interaction I've just noticed I don't need to agree
       | with everyone.
       | 
       | I have liberal friends, conservative friends. I've dated liberals
       | and I've dated conservatives. Well I still vote, I'm not nearly
       | as political as I used to be. I don't use social media (
       | including online dating) , if only because I found people to be
       | insanely mean. I don't want to be called slurs when discussing
       | politics, and that's what happens online. Now if I'm at a bar, I
       | might actually even buy a voter from the other team a beer. I can
       | see his or her humanity. Online the other team is literally a
       | group of evil villains who want to destroy all that is good in
       | the world. And I'm at the point where I think social media needs
       | to be heavily regulated to stop society from imploding. It's just
       | too powerful, too harmful of a tool as is.
        
         | andrewjl wrote:
         | > And I'm at the point where I think social media needs to be
         | heavily regulated to stop society from imploding. It's just too
         | powerful, too harmful of a tool as is.
         | 
         | Heavy regulation would seem like a good solution, except it
         | does nothing to shift incentives. Those remain unaddressed.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | One of the things we need to face as a society is that facts
       | don't change anyones minds...
        
       | oblib wrote:
       | Our political divide has little to do with facts. More than
       | anything it's driven by the hyperbole produced by popular media.
       | 
       | I have watched the right and left respond to the media's outrage
       | of the day, week, month, on cue, and stop just as fast, for years
       | now.
       | 
       | More than anything our political divide is a result of our fandom
       | based culture and "fans" don't care about facts. We grow up with
       | this. If you're born in New York you're either a Mets or a
       | Yankees fan and the other team sucks and always will no matter
       | what the facts are.
       | 
       | Every night CNN and FOX compete to see who can stir up the most
       | outrage in their fan base. We've got to the point where you're
       | either a "fascist" or a "socialist". There is no middle ground
       | for the hard core fan and they make the most noise.
       | 
       | QAnon is another fine example. Those fans love to wallow in their
       | shared insults and disdain for those who don't "follow Q".
       | They're "smart" and everyone else is a fool. The find great joy
       | in believing that and they will not give it up for anyone's
       | "personal experiences". They'll give it up when it "goes out of
       | style".
       | 
       | Most fans move on eventually because trends go stale and fandom
       | feeds on trendiness. Our "Media" is constantly looking for "the
       | next trend" ("outrage of the month" in the case of politics) and
       | when they see one with potential they'll push it for all it's
       | worth and squeeze it til the last nickle is made out of it.
       | 
       | We all love the concept of "free speech" but we live in a time
       | where bullshit goes viral and can be deadly when it does. Where I
       | live 55% of my neighbors believe "masks don't work" while 1 in 70
       | of them who've gotten infected with covid-19 have died. Last year
       | I saw them claim "the vaccine has a tracker chip in it", "proof
       | that mask don't work is I can smell my farts when I wear one",
       | "the virus is a hoax".
       | 
       | We have to figure out how to deal with these issues. With over
       | 400,000 lives lost to covid-19 just here in the U.S. de-
       | platforming bullshitters has to be on the table.
        
       | roenxi wrote:
       | I see a potential source of bias in this paper - the study is of
       | the use of facts _in political topics_. This means that they are
       | studying topics where facts have proven insufficient to settle
       | the debate.
        
       | pgsimp wrote:
       | Reads to me like gibberish generated from a Markov chain. OK
       | maybe not quite, but it doesn't make sense, as personal
       | experiences are a subset of facts.
        
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