[HN Gopher] Police Say They Use Facial Recognition Despite Bans
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Police Say They Use Facial Recognition Despite Bans
        
       Author : atg_abhishek
       Score  : 281 points
       Date   : 2021-01-29 04:10 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (themarkup.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (themarkup.org)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | cwkoss wrote:
       | I wonder if the Facial Recognition software or the police humans
       | have a higher racial bias?
        
       | apples_oranges wrote:
       | For the sake of our kids.. I have no idea how we will avoid a
       | complete surveillance state in the future. Tracking devices in
       | every pocket. And algorithms that can turn every camera into a
       | tracking device.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | We can't avoid that any more than the government can avoid
         | criminals having unbreakable encryption.
         | 
         | All we can do is try to make a society where that doesn't
         | matter.
         | 
         | IMO such a society is as anarchic as possible, though "as
         | possible" is still well short of the level in, say, The
         | Culture; the exact level is dynamic and tech-dependent.
        
           | krspykrm wrote:
           | > We can't avoid that any more than the government can avoid
           | criminals having unbreakable encryption.
           | 
           | I mean, we can; we just don't. It's not like there's
           | something baked into the laws of math that says your society
           | is required to be a surveillance state (unlike encryption,
           | where the laws of math do say this is always possible).
           | 
           | It is absolutely within the realm of technological
           | possibility to build a society with largely decentralized
           | infrastructure that doesn't constantly phone home to report
           | on you to the Great Eye. We don't live in that world because
           | normal people are kinda retarded. In the words of the creator
           | of the Great Eye itself: "They trust me. Dumb fucks."
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | The reason I say it is unavoidable is not laws of nature,
             | it is the ease with which it can be done with current
             | technology, and the advantages that our current technology
             | brings to societies which do not reject it.
             | 
             | Indeed we could, as you say, construct societies without
             | that capacity -- Amish, etc. already do so -- but such a
             | society is outcompeted by every society which embraces
             | tech, and any society with tech at the level of the Stasi
             | (i.e. both old _and_ the wrong side of the Iron Curtain)
             | can surveil whoever it wants whenever it wants.
             | 
             | Now? Now it doesn't matter if you decentralised all the
             | infrastructure, the tech is too cheap to _avoid_ total
             | surveillance.
             | 
             | Now, laser mics are school projects, and the hardware cost
             | for pointing one at each and every window in London 24/7 is
             | significantly lower than the annual cost of the
             | Metropolitan Police Service in the same city.
             | 
             | Now, your WiFi can be converted into a wall-penetrating
             | radar, do pose detection, heart rate and breathing
             | detection.
             | 
             | Now, my wristwatch knows when I walk past the charging
             | station to turn on its screen and remind me of its
             | existence. I don't even know _how_ it knows when I'm
             | walking past.
             | 
             | Now, I have an IR camera that can see through some opaque-
             | to-visible-light materials for no good reason and at
             | pocket-money prices.
             | 
             | "Centralised" has its problems, but getting rid of
             | centralisation isn't enough.
        
         | switch007 wrote:
         | What do you think defines a "complete" surveillance state? I.e.
         | what would be different from now.
        
           | dmos62 wrote:
           | Compare surveillance in US and China. Both have a lot of it,
           | but one has orders of magnitude more of it. Also China is
           | more open about it. In US there's attempts to be sneaky about
           | it, not so in China, though that's probably just the
           | dictatorial aspect.
        
           | redis_mlc wrote:
           | The CCP already has that:
           | 
           | - QR code required to board public transit
           | 
           | - facial surveillance when you use a traffic light which
           | monitors your appearance and expression
           | 
           | - moving towards digital-only currency to track purchases.
        
           | lb1lf wrote:
           | Not OP, but presumably advances in machine learning which
           | will make it simpler to identify patterns and gleam useful,
           | actionable information from the vast troves of data being
           | collected.
           | 
           | Today, it is my impression that much data is only used to
           | reconstruct events after the fact, rather than gaining a
           | priori knowledge to prevent an incident in the first place.
           | 
           | (And, to make it clear - I am not suggesting 'progress' as
           | outlined above is desirable...)
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | Not OP but I believe most of the surveillance derives from
           | third parties. The government doesn't directly control or
           | monitor most of the surveillance tools (google, telecoms,
           | geoloc, &c.), or at least not in most advanced countries. But
           | it's getting easier and easier for them to access these data
           | and there will probably be less and less safeguards.
           | 
           | For example in France we're in a permanent "state of
           | emergency" since the attacks in 2015 (and now with covid),
           | which grants more rights to the government/police and let
           | them bypass some legal safeguards for "the greater good" but
           | of course it's already being abused, not against terrorists,
           | but against protesters, people squatting land to protest
           | against projects that would have a negative impact on the
           | environment (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_to_Defend),
           | &c.
        
             | the_other wrote:
             | It cannot be for "the greater good", or the law would not
             | have been written that way before the "emergency".
        
               | AmericanChopper wrote:
               | Any government action that relies on emergency powers is
               | an admission from that government that they have failed
               | to govern using their prescribed legislative mandate. Any
               | government that uses such power should be held to account
               | for their failure to govern, because it's almost never
               | necessary, and is always abused.
        
               | subaquamille wrote:
               | The tools necessary to achieve this good light not be the
               | same in all corconstancies and you only want to extend
               | the law when strictly necessary, not always. See food
               | ratio in war times.
        
           | fuzzy2 wrote:
           | We don't have mandatory in-home surveillance, for the moment.
        
             | switch007 wrote:
             | I get that.
             | 
             | But I'm wondering if that really is what needs to occur
             | before we consider a a state to be a complete surveillance
             | state, if, for example, almost every home has some kind of
             | device that can be exploited for surveillance, e.g
             | landline, mobile phone, television, smart devices,
             | laptops/desktops/tablets, internet routers/modems, smart
             | meters, smart heating, rubbish collectoin etc?
             | 
             | I.e. have we opted in to in-home surveillance to a
             | sufficient level to make mandatory surveillance almost of
             | no use.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | _" What do you think defines a "complete" surveillance
           | state?"_
           | 
           | Ratcheting up automation is what would make it different to
           | me. While there are exceptions, for the most part, police
           | look at all this data after they know about a crime.
           | 
           | They have most of what they need to use the info to discover
           | crime and automatically cite people. As a simple example,
           | ANPR in two places could issue a speeding ticket if the time
           | elasped between two scans is low enough. I'm sure it's
           | happening somewhere, maybe a toll road. The difference would
           | be when it's widespread.
        
       | sys_64738 wrote:
       | A ban is ineffectual without consequences. Criminal prosecution
       | of police chiefs is what's needed, IMO.
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | Police in the US don't enforce the laws against other police or
         | other powerful figures in governments, for the most part. This
         | results in two different sets of laws, one that applies to
         | police and government officials, and a much broader set that
         | applies to you and I.
         | 
         | The idea that the law is applied equally is a total fiction.
        
         | LinuxBender wrote:
         | Money drives everything AFAIK. So if laws existed that allowed
         | a state to withhold budget to a county that had cops not
         | following rules, then the county would take interest. If the
         | counties could withhold funding from cities that had bad cops,
         | the mayors would take interest. Or perhaps the laws could
         | permit budget reallocation. I doubt any such laws would ever
         | get passed, but in theory this could help keep people focused.
         | 
         | Another challenge is sunk cost. San Diego for example has LED
         | street lights that are also cameras and microphones, being used
         | for machine learning. Would they ever rip those out if they
         | were deemed illegal? Or would they just pause the collection
         | and wait for people to forget? [1]
         | 
         | [1] - https://www.govtech.com/smart-cities/Smart-Streetlight-
         | Data-...
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | Cities don't have much ability to handle bad cops though. The
           | police unions are too powerful
        
             | LinuxBender wrote:
             | Very true, good point.
        
         | dimitrios1 wrote:
         | There are more types of consequences than just penal ones. For
         | example, I imagine if they are indeed banned, and a case
         | against a defendant is built around the usage of the
         | technology, then that case would get dropped. That is a
         | consequence in of itself as it wasted valuable prosecutorial
         | resources, department resources, etc.
        
           | smt88 wrote:
           | Unfortunately, you have situations where cases are _started_
           | using inadmissible investigation tactics, but presented to a
           | jury without them.
           | 
           | In those situations, the prosecution may succeed, which
           | actually adds incentive to conduct the illegal
           | investigations.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | Do individuals care about wasted taxpayer's resources?
           | They're getting paid to do their job, regardless of dropped
           | case or not. The defendant spends their time and money and
           | has to live a stressful life.
        
           | cwkoss wrote:
           | It is obvious that waste of public resources is not an
           | effective deterrent of police lawlessness.
           | 
           | Police leaders should go to prison if they willfully violate
           | the law.
        
         | tehwebguy wrote:
         | Police are largely protected from criminal prosecution because
         | they know exactly how cruel and inhumane the criminal justice
         | system is.
         | 
         | If they _are_ indicted they often have special rules for how
         | and when they will be arrested  / interrogated through union
         | contracts. A way to solve this is legislation at the local
         | level that a) makes some of these specific unequal rules
         | illegal, but also b) fixes the inhumane parts of the justice
         | system for _everyone_.
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | I think the more practical consequence is to fine and place
         | injunctions on the software providers. They have the most to
         | lose for violating compliance.
        
       | zupreme wrote:
       | At some point governments will have to address the elephant in
       | the room.
       | 
       | Across much of the globe, modern police forces have been
       | empowered and emboldened to such a degree that many departments,
       | and their members, feel institutionally above the law.
       | 
       | In no other occupation, that I can think of, can so many rules
       | and directives be flouted without losing ones job, as is the case
       | with modern police.
       | 
       | Its frankly insulting to see, again and again, that people we
       | (civilians) fund the salaries of, see us as beneath them - as
       | evidenced by how we are held to the letter of ordinances and laws
       | by them, while they break ordinances and laws with seemingly
       | wanton abandon.
       | 
       | This is unlikely to change until police are held to the exact
       | same legal and prosecutorial rigors as those they police.
        
         | macspoofing wrote:
         | >At some point governments will have to address the elephant in
         | the room.
         | 
         | Crime?
         | 
         | If a community is suffering from a very high crime rate (and
         | some American cities are amongst the most violent cities in the
         | world) - why are we prioritizing one set of rights (right to
         | privacy) over another (right to personal security, right to
         | raise children in a safe environment)? In many cases, you can't
         | have one with the other. Privacy or Personal security - pick
         | one.
         | 
         | And there is a class component to this. If you live in a nice
         | safe (and affluent) neighborhood, I'm sure privacy is much more
         | important to you because you don't have to worry about your
         | children being hurt by or recruited into gangs on the way to
         | school. You don't have to worry about getting mugged or
         | assaulted walking to the store. If you live in a community with
         | a high crime rate, are you sure you want to focus on privacy
         | and rights of criminals?
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | There's a much easier way? Remove access to weapons. It's not
           | a 2 way balance. America has chosen that access to weapons to
           | commit crimes with is more important than personal safety or
           | privacy, and no amount of giving up privacy will make up for
           | prioritizing weapons
        
             | macspoofing wrote:
             | >There's a much easier way? Remove access to weapons.
             | 
             | There are no simple solutions and to pretend that all you
             | need to do is X and then therefore everything will work is
             | naive to the extreme. This kind of argumentation, where
             | reality on the ground is ignored in favor of some pie-in-
             | the-sky hypothetical policy, is not actually conducive to
             | actually helping people suffering from crime (not just gun
             | violence but crime).
        
           | Falling3 wrote:
           | >In many cases, you can't have one with the other. Privacy or
           | Personal security - pick one.
           | 
           | You have a lot of work ahead of you to demonstrate that
           | empirical fact. I haven't seen any compelling evidence that
           | infringing on our right to privacy makes use safer in any
           | meaningful way - though I have seen evidence to indicate it,
           | in fact, makes us less safe.
        
         | rendall wrote:
         | > _we (civilians)_
         | 
         | I just want to remind everyone that police are civilians too. I
         | also sometimes forget
        
           | qntty wrote:
           | civilian noun
           | 
           | 2a : one not on active duty in the armed services or not on a
           | police or firefighting force
        
             | thatguy0900 wrote:
             | Why would firefighters not be civilians?
        
               | qntty wrote:
               | I don't know exactly, but it sounds like the word is
               | context-dependent. During war, it means people who aren't
               | in the military, but during peacetime it means people who
               | aren't expected to risk their lives in more ordinary
               | ways.
               | 
               | [If the jobs of firefighters seems irreproachable or
               | lacking authority compared to military or police, then
               | maybe it would help to remember that firefighters turned
               | their hoses on civil rights protesters in the 60s. No
               | doubt there are many similar examples of firefighter's
               | behavior being clearly outside of the what is thought to
               | be typical of civilians.]
        
           | cannabis_sam wrote:
           | Some dictionaries seem to disagree with you:
           | 
           | - a person who is not a member of the police or the armed
           | forces
           | 
           | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/civil.
           | ..
           | 
           | - one not on active duty in the armed services or not on a
           | police or firefighting force
           | 
           | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/civilian
           | 
           | - a person who is not on active duty with a military, naval,
           | police, or fire fighting organization.
           | 
           | https://www.dictionary.com/browse/civilian
           | 
           | I'm a little curious, why should they be considered
           | civilians?
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | > why should they be considered civilians?
             | 
             | Because they are. Robert Peel was insistent on exactly that
             | point when he set up the police force in the UK. See, for
             | instance, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peelian_principles
             | 
             | Edit: corrected URL
        
               | cannabis_sam wrote:
               | No, they are not. They are literally instruments of the
               | government's monopoly on violence.
               | 
               | I have no idea why you reference a dead politician's
               | antiquated analysis of the role of the police.. shit has
               | happened since 1850, and I personally believe catholics
               | should not be barred from parliament. Also, not everyone
               | lives in the UK.
               | 
               | Edit: as an example: what's "sir" Robert Peel's view on
               | facial recognition...?
        
               | Maha-pudma wrote:
               | Not everyone lives in America which is what most of this
               | thread seems to be about.
               | 
               | No idea why you're mentioning Catholics in the UK
               | Parliament. Unless its an attempt at discrediting the
               | previous commenters statement.
               | 
               | We certainly refer to them as the civi-police in the
               | military. Though we don't have the gun issues the US has,
               | but that seems based on an antiquated amendment even
               | older the Peels analysis.
        
               | cannabis_sam wrote:
               | > No idea why you're mentioning Catholics in the UK
               | Parliament.
               | 
               | Look up Robert Peel
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | Ah, so if they shoot me at all, it's assault with a deadly
           | weapon, just like any other civilian
        
           | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
           | Are you confusing it with the word "citizen"?
        
           | ashtonkem wrote:
           | As armed representatives of the state, I would argue that
           | they are not. They're not military, but they're definitely
           | not civilians.
        
         | rapind wrote:
         | > This is unlikely to change until police are held to the exact
         | same legal and prosecutorial rigors as those they police.
         | 
         | Forget that! Police should be held to a "higher" standard.
         | These are people we've trusted to walk around with guns and big
         | sticks. Shit's so backwards.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | I still think about "no country for old men".
         | 
         | And the busses of people in mexico.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | > In no other occupation, that I can think of, can so many
         | rules and directives be flouted without losing ones job, as is
         | the case with modern police.
         | 
         | That isn't really true. Have you read half the corporate
         | policies published by large companies? Neither have most of
         | their employees. Nobody cares and they're not enforced until
         | Something Bad happens, at which point it's time to open the
         | book for the first time to see which rule the designated
         | scapegoat can be found to have broken.
         | 
         | The problem with the police is that the institutional Something
         | Bad doesn't align with the actually bad things that happen when
         | they break the rules. The institutional Something Bad is bad
         | press.
         | 
         | The actual bad thing is sending an innocent person to prison
         | while a guilty one stays free to continue committing robberies
         | and murders. Or the same sort of "bring me the man, I'll find
         | you the crime" except used _by_ the police against dissidents
         | and anti-authoritarians instead of the people presiding over
         | some corporate incompetence.
         | 
         | But when that doesn't result in bad press, nobody gets punished
         | and then it keeps happening.
         | 
         | This is why it's important to have a media willing to hold any
         | administration's feet to the fire. Ironically, getting the
         | election results many of the people who care about this wanted
         | is having the opposite effect, as now the pressure is off to
         | actually do anything about the problem.
         | 
         | Complaining about it when the other guy is in is rhetorically
         | advantageous; actually doing something about it when you're in
         | costs political capital. So now we get to see what they do. But
         | based on the existing media rhetoric, the implication seems to
         | be _more_ police state rather than less.
         | 
         | Of course, the media is not just The Media, it's also this. So
         | write your Congress critters.
        
           | handoflixue wrote:
           | I think there's two key differences here:
           | 
           | 1) The police can get away with stuff even when the public
           | has clear video proof of wrong-doing. Usually that's enough
           | to at least trigger the "sacrifice a scapegoat" process, but
           | not here.
           | 
           | 2) The police can get away with violating not only policy,
           | but actual laws.
        
             | danShumway wrote:
             | Right. I'm less sympathetic to this argument than I was
             | years ago when I first started paying more attention to
             | police corruption, because since then I've watched
             | widespread protests happen over police brutality, and I've
             | watched prosecutors literally just refuse to charge the
             | officers involved.
             | 
             | The protests didn't matter, prosecutors would not
             | consciously attack the people on "their side."
             | 
             | It's an argument that sounds good, and in a system that
             | wasn't so fundamentally broken, it might even be true. But
             | it doesn't hold up to the reality we're seeing with police
             | departments. We're past the point where we can describe the
             | problem as just being about education or awareness. The
             | current system is brazen.
        
           | kwhitefoot wrote:
           | > Nobody cares and they're not enforced until Something Bad
           | happens,
           | 
           | That's not my experience. I'm not claiming that it is never
           | true just that as far as I can tell, in the UK and Norway, it
           | is mostly not.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | I would certainly believe that this is different outside of
             | the US.
             | 
             | The US is very litigious and as a result the rule book is
             | often long and complicated enough that nobody really
             | understands it because it's written by lawyers to avoid
             | liability rather than as a set of practical measures
             | designed to improve real outcomes.
             | 
             | Also, whenever Something Bad happens they generally add new
             | rules to address it, even if the existing rules would have
             | prevented it had people been following them. So the
             | complexity grows over time and makes it less likely that
             | anybody even reads the rules, much less implements them.
             | 
             | This also differs by industry or even by which rule book it
             | is. If you have reasonable policies for handling hazardous
             | materials, people follow them because if they don't then
             | _they_ get hurt. But even in the same company, the company
             | policy on other things only gets followed if it gets
             | enforced, and only gets enforced if not doing so caused
             | trouble in practice.
        
         | feralimal wrote:
         | Lol - really??!?
         | 
         | Governments will have to address the elephant in the room? Why
         | on earth would they ever do that?! This system is working
         | perfectly. They write the laws! The police (and army) are their
         | force! That is what governments do!
         | 
         | Perhaps, they could write a law and apply it retrospectively do
         | square things off tidily, but why bother?
         | 
         | But really, once you have total control over what is considered
         | right or wrong, why would they change anything?
         | 
         | You should take a listen to the Quash - a legal insider to gain
         | a better understanding of how things work: https://the-
         | quash.captivate.fm/episode/politicians-lie-its-t...
        
         | cwkoss wrote:
         | Law enforcement should not just be held to an equal standard as
         | citizens, they should be held to a much higher one.
        
         | ashtonkem wrote:
         | American police don't feel institutionally above the law, for
         | all intents and purposes they are. Qualified immunity, a
         | doctrine made up out of whole cloth by the courts, means that
         | cops often can't be prosecuted or even sued for the most
         | egregious of conduct. And the lengths the courts will go to
         | protect cops are ridiculous, to the point where the courts have
         | upheld the idea that a cop didn't know that attacking a
         | surrendering suspect in a "grassy ditch" was illegal, even
         | though doing the same thing in a wooded area had precedent. And
         | of course, since the cop was let off the hook, no new precedent
         | was made.
         | 
         | And even when cops do finally cross the line, they just move
         | towns or states and get a new job. Police unions have fought
         | long and hard to avoid even the slightest forms of
         | accountability; in most states being fired for cause isn't
         | enough to get your license pulled. This protection for bad cops
         | comes at the cost of us all, both in terms of settlements paid
         | by our money, and by unnecessary deaths inflicted on the poor
         | and vulnerable by the state.
        
           | FireBeyond wrote:
           | QI is horrifically racist. A group of black community members
           | and pastors, I believe, were getting some coffee before
           | boarding a Greyhound, and an officer "moved them on", so as
           | to prevent (in his perception or claim) a dangerous situation
           | from a group of people who were "upset" by this.
           | 
           | They refused, and despite no crime being committed (as was
           | later shown in court, with a directed verdict of no
           | violation), all fifteen of them were arrested.
           | 
           | They sued, claiming civil rights violations. Courts found 1)
           | that there was indeed a lack of constitutionality in what
           | happened, and 2) police were not required to "predict"(?)
           | what laws were constitutional or not.
           | 
           | Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierson_v._Ray
           | 
           | This rubs me the wrong way in a much less egregious way. I'm
           | an avid photographer, and while my area isn't really focused
           | in a problematic way, I've read many a story of photographers
           | being prevented from photographing police, or in public, or
           | similar.
           | 
           | We are expected to know what our constitutional rights are -
           | remember, "ignorance is no excuse" when it comes to the law
           | for us.
           | 
           | But, as above, multiple police chiefs have said, when
           | addressing issues of such photographers being later released
           | without charge, "We cannot expect our police to be
           | constitutional lawyers".
           | 
           | This is an issue to the extent that things like this are
           | created: http://www.krages.com/phoright.htm
        
             | eudydyyd wrote:
             | That's a pretty weak line of reasoning for declaring QI
             | racist. The reason police were given QI protection was
             | because the court felt that the police were shielded by the
             | same laws that already shielded judges so long as their
             | actions were undertaken during the performance of the
             | duties.
        
           | gabereiser wrote:
           | ^ This. Cops aren't your friends. They can and will use
           | anything you say against you, never for you, in a court of
           | law.
           | 
           | I'm not saying we don't need them. I'm saying they aren't
           | your friend. Never underestimate the ability of a cop to
           | twist the truth. In court, a cop has the fullest faith of the
           | courts even if they don't show up. Defending yourself against
           | what a cop says happened is almost impossible. It can be done
           | though.
        
             | wtetzner wrote:
             | > I'm not saying we don't need them
             | 
             | We need them, but we also need them to be held accountable
             | for their actions.
        
               | gabereiser wrote:
               | Absolutely
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | I have never seen a convincing argument that we don't need
             | cops, courts, and prisons (not that you're making that
             | argument). Every society seems to have them, and I have a
             | very hard time imagining a society that wouldn't lock up
             | someone like, say, Anders Breivik.
             | 
             | That being said, it's pretty obvious that the American
             | justice system is unnecessarily brutal and inefficient. We
             | lock up a huge percentage of our population and have a
             | pretty high recidivism rate compared to our peer nations.
             | Well short of "defunding the police", we desperately need
             | to rethink the scope and responsibilities of our criminal
             | justice system, and rethink the relationship between police
             | and the citizens of this country.
        
               | gabereiser wrote:
               | We absolutely need cops, courts, prisons, jails and all
               | that. The issue I have is with how they are _deployed_ as
               | tools to correct societies behavior. The way the USA uses
               | them, it doesn 't work and only serves to suppress a
               | group of minorities from becoming participants nor
               | leaders in society.
               | 
               | Jail is supposed to be for those who did wrong and need a
               | "timeout" so to speak. A wake up call or reality check on
               | their behavior. Prison is more longer term
               | rehabilitation. Problem is, our society's tolerance of
               | crime and sentences for said crimes lands people in jail
               | more often than not. Difference being jail sentences are
               | up to a year, prison year+.
               | 
               | Not to mention the absurd bias towards minorities in how
               | we police, how we judge, etc. to fill said jails and
               | prisons which are increasingly becoming _For-Profit_ by
               | leasing prison workforce labor out at 1890s labor costs
               | of $0.27 /day. It's legalized slavery.
        
           | tiahura wrote:
           | _Qualified immunity, a doctrine made up out of whole cloth by
           | the courts, means that cops often can't be prosecuted or even
           | sued for the most egregious of conduct._
           | 
           | Qualified immunity has nothing to do with criminal liability,
           | it is a civil affirmative defense and a sound one.
           | Essentially, it provides personal protection for ordinary
           | negligence. When an employee at Pottery Barn drops a plate,
           | we don't deduct it from their paycheck. If we did, no one
           | would work there.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | > When an employee at Pottery Barn drops a plate, we don't
             | deduct it from their paycheck. If we did, no one would work
             | there.
             | 
             | Call me crazy, but I'd like to hold the armed
             | representatives of the state to a higher standard than the
             | minimum wage employees at Pottery Barn. When Pottery Barn
             | employees start legally shooting patrons for dropped
             | plates, we can revisit this.
        
             | _jal wrote:
             | That's a lovely theory which somehow manages to ignore the
             | industrial-scale, inhuman abuses excused every day.
             | 
             | There are far more examples of egregious abuse excused by
             | the courts by QI than you can stomach looking at; just
             | start searching.
             | 
             | Feel free to quibble about all the 'good calls we don't
             | hear about', and then dive in to 'second guessing split-
             | second life or death situations'. We've all been through
             | this discussion before.
        
               | tiahura wrote:
               | _That 's a lovely theory which somehow manages to ignore
               | the industrial-scale, inhuman abuses excused every day._
               | 
               | On what planet? I'll admit, I don't do a ton of criminal
               | work, but, I've spent more than my fair share of time
               | sitting through criminal dockets observing cops and
               | criminals and I just don't see it. My good friend won the
               | last significant police brutality case in my metro of 2M
               | people and that was 5 years ago.
               | 
               | Here's another tell. Watch daytime TV for an hour and
               | you'll see attorneys advertising re: Insurance companies,
               | J&J Talc, Monsanto, Me Too, the Catholic Church, the Boy
               | Scouts, Monsanto, Mesh manufacturers, Asbestos claims,
               | Elmiron claims, ad infinitum. But, you won't see any
               | police brutality commercials, and it's not because us
               | ambulance chasers are afraid of the police. It's because
               | the cases are so few and far between that it doesn't make
               | sense to waste resources seeking them out.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | It's not because you're afraid of the police, it's
               | because the courts have made it clear that accountability
               | is impossible and cases are pointless. The standard is
               | that you can't convict an officer for constitutional
               | violations unless there was clearly established precedent
               | before the violation occurred. It's an obvious catch 22:
               | to establish precedent you must convict an officer, but
               | you can't convict them unless there was already
               | precedent.
               | 
               | Maybe some court cases will help explain. Here's Mattos
               | v. Agarano, where officers tased a defenseless,
               | completely non-threatening pregnant woman for fun: https:
               | //cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2011/10/17/0...
               | 
               | A clear framing of the catch 22:
               | 
               | > In determining whether an officer is entitled to
               | qualified immunity, we employ a two-step test: first, we
               | decide whether the officer violated a plaintiff's
               | constitutional right; if the answer to that inquiry is
               | "yes," we proceed to determine whether the constitutional
               | right was "clearly established in light of the specific
               | context of the case" at the time of the events in
               | question.
               | 
               | Even a general precedent isn't enough, you must find a
               | previous incident relevant to the specific context of the
               | case, which again is impossible because any officers in
               | the past ~50 years would also have been protected by
               | qualified immunity.
               | 
               | > In sum, Brooks's alleged offenses were minor. She did
               | not pose an immediate threat to safety of the officers or
               | others. She actively resisted arrest insofar as she
               | refused to get out of her car when instructed to do so
               | and stiffened her body and clutched her steering wheel to
               | frustrate the officers' efforts to remove her from her
               | car. Brooks did not evade arrest by flight, and no other
               | exigent circumstances existed at the time. She was seven
               | months pregnant, which the officers knew, and they tased
               | her three times within less than one minute, inflicting
               | extreme pain on Brooks.[10] A reasonable fact-finder
               | could conclude, taking the evidence in the light most
               | favorable to Brooks, that the officers' use of force was
               | unreasonable and therefore constitutionally excessive.
               | 
               | Of course, qualified immunity applied, there was no
               | reason to further investigate the constitutional
               | violation, case dismissed.
               | 
               | You can look at Kaufman County v. Winzer, where officers
               | shot (17 times) and killed a mentally impaired man 6
               | seconds after seeing him, because a completely different
               | man had shot at them and they were scared.
               | https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/kaufman-
               | county-t...
               | 
               | If you like, you can also read about how qualified
               | immunity doesn't even achieve its alleged purpose, to
               | shield officers from wasting time with discovery and
               | other trial-related obligations.
               | https://www.yalelawjournal.org/pdf/Schwartz_1ki1sac4.pdf
               | 
               | You can read a much better researched article on this
               | topic from an actual legal scholar, rather than a random
               | internet commenter: http://ndlawreview.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/2018/08/2-Schwartz...
               | 
               | You can read Jessop v. City of Fresno, where officers who
               | literally stole $200,000+ could not be sued, because no
               | officer before the advent of qualified immunity had been
               | convicted of that particular crime, and the legislature
               | hadn't thought to pass a law saying "police officers
               | can't steal": https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opin
               | ions/2019/09/04/1...
               | 
               | > At the time of the incident, there was no clearly
               | established law holding that officers violate the Fourth
               | or Fourteenth Amendment when they steal property seized
               | pursuant to a warrant. For that reason, the City Officers
               | are entitled to qualified immunity.
               | 
               | Let me know how many more cases it will take to convince
               | you, and I'll be happy to list them.
        
               | ruined wrote:
               | thanks for this
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tiahura wrote:
               | I read Matos. There is nothing indicating it was for fun.
               | She was resisting arrest and they stunned (not Tased) her
               | first in the leg and then arm and then neck in order to
               | complete the arrest. They made sure not to zap her belly.
               | She was fine, baby was fine.
               | 
               | As I've grown older, I've learned to not waste time
               | worrying about assholes who engineer their own
               | misfortune.
               | 
               | My point is that this seems like a case where the cops
               | should have been (and maybe were) disciplined within the
               | employment context, i.e. more training, suspension, etc.
               | But I see little benefit to society to be gained by
               | letting these guys be personally sued.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Well, the Mattos case was dismissed without ever deciding
               | if the officers were justified. Unless you think it's
               | physically impossible for an officer to tase someone
               | inappropriately (keeping in mind that tasers can kill
               | people), you can see why this is a problem. The courts
               | will not even entertain the possibility that an officer
               | has done something wrong.
               | 
               | > My point is that this seems like a case where the cops
               | should have been (and maybe were) disciplined within the
               | employment context, i.e. more training, suspension, etc.
               | 
               | They weren't. What incentive would the department have to
               | discipline them?
               | 
               | I'm interested in your thoughts on Jessop v. City of
               | Fresno.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | wtetzner wrote:
               | > But, you won't see any police brutality commercials,
               | and it's not because us ambulance chasers are afraid of
               | the police. It's because the cases are so few and far
               | between that it doesn't make sense to waste resources
               | seeking them out.
               | 
               | Which is because no matter how much police violate our
               | rights, it's basically impossible to win a case against
               | them.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | General murders are also few and far between, yet it is
               | in society's interest that murderers be prosecuted. The
               | rarity of a type of crime has nothing to do with whether
               | it should be prosecuted - achieving justice for low-
               | frequency events is literally the entire point of the
               | criminal justice system.
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | Yeah the criminal defense is through union action to ensure
             | that police get extra time to manufacture stories and the
             | like before evidence can be collected
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | mattnewton wrote:
             | > When an employee at Pottery Barn drops a plate, we don't
             | deduct it from their paycheck. If we did, no one would work
             | there.
             | 
             | Actually, in professions where we are talking about serious
             | damages to people or property, the institution doesn't
             | cover it and makes the practitioners buy insurance. Can you
             | imagine if Surgeons and Lawyers operated on this pottery
             | barn standard?
        
               | jcrawfordor wrote:
               | Indeed, traditional professions such as doctors and
               | lawyers are typically prohibited by law from being
               | shielded by liability by a corporate veil. This is why,
               | depending on the states, doctors and lawyers are
               | typically organized as professional corporations or other
               | similar terms rather than limited liability companies:
               | they are specifically required to remain personally
               | liable for their actions. Traditionally, this is what
               | "professional" _meant_ : that you were individually
               | accountable for your actions.
               | 
               | Perhaps we should consider applying the same to law
               | enforcement, a field which by its own rhetoric seemingly
               | holds "professionalism" in high regard.
        
             | guitarbill wrote:
             | Surprisingly, police do fine in other countries without
             | qualified immunity. And judges can strip QI, but this
             | happens far, far too rarely. So maybe it shouldn't be the
             | default.
        
           | glitcher wrote:
           | > And even when cops do finally cross the line, they just
           | move towns or states and get a new job
           | 
           | And even though our collective awareness about this issue is
           | increasing, this just happened yesterday:
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/2021/01/28/961692068/officer-who-quit-
           | wi...
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | There is actually a national register of police who were
             | fired, suspended, or resigned to avoid termination.
             | 
             | During BLM, to the credit of one particular police chief,
             | when terminating two racist officers, he had them de-
             | registered as police in his state, and placed on this
             | register.
             | 
             | The problem? In a large number, even a majority of police
             | departments, the Union CBA forbids the City or Department
             | from looking at this register for hiring decisions.
        
       | offtop5 wrote:
       | What a horrible thing. I guarantee this will constantly find
       | incorrect matches.
       | 
       | Just like follicle investigators of the past, if it's completely
       | inaccurate who cares because you can just scare some 19-year-old
       | into a plea bargain. People with money won't be affected, they'll
       | have high price lawyers who will get this ' evidence' thrown out.
        
       | carapace wrote:
       | Yes, (Duh, wouldn't you?) I've said this before so I apologize in
       | advance for repeating myself. Whether we like it or not
       | ubiquitous surveillance is the new order of the day. You cannot
       | put the technological genie back in the bottle. You can't enforce
       | rules against using it without using it. We're stuck with what I
       | call the "Tyranny of Mrs. Grundy"[1].
       | 
       | The primary result is that we should all work to make a _humane
       | tyranny_ (if such a thing is even possible; it sure sounds like
       | an oxymoron, doesn 't it?)
       | 
       | Yes, your privacy is a social fiction, but in return, we can stop
       | almost all crime.
       | 
       | Here's a not-entirely-hypothetical thought experiment for you:
       | would you allow your life to be recorded and made public if it
       | would prevent a child from being abducted?
       | 
       | I'm not a particularly good person (I do my best) and I like my
       | privacy, but I think I would have to take that bargain. If it
       | would prevent a kid from getting kidnapped, or someone getting
       | raped, or murdered, or even just getting hit by a hit-and-run
       | driver, that I would agree to have my life JenniCam'd[2]. The
       | fact is, it's already happening. E.g. your smart phone uploads
       | your location data which is then sold off. Your smart TV sends
       | pictures of the screen to the cloud. Your smart router listens to
       | your conversations. Your smart electricity meter sends telemetry.
       | Smart streetlights know where the cars are, smart cars know where
       | the people are (a fleet of networked self-driving cars (auto-
       | autos) is a ubiquitous surveillance system.) Etc.
       | 
       | Imagine all the criminals who, when Snowden dropped his
       | bombshell, only just then realized that the NSA _already had_ all
       | their dirty laundry.
       | 
       | [1] "Mrs Grundy is a figurative name for an extremely
       | conventional or priggish person, a personification of the tyranny
       | of conventional propriety. A tendency to be overly fearful of
       | what others might think is sometimes referred to as _grundyism_.
       | " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrs._Grundy ("Grundiocracy"? Ew.)
       | 
       | [2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JenniCam
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifecasting_(video_stream)
        
         | danShumway wrote:
         | > The primary result is that we should all work to make a
         | humane tyranny (if such a thing is even possible; it sure
         | sounds like an oxymoron, doesn't it?)
         | 
         | It's not possible, governments need checks and balances, things
         | get bad really fast when they have absolute power.
         | 
         | > Yes, your privacy is a social fiction, but in return, we can
         | stop almost all crime.
         | 
         | No we can't, and (longer conversation) it wouldn't be desirable
         | to in any case. There is a strong school of thought that we
         | don't want perfect enforcement of all laws, at least not ones
         | based around nonviolent crimes.
         | 
         | > Here's a not-entirely-hypothetical thought experiment for
         | you: would you allow your life to be recorded and made public
         | if it would prevent a child from being abducted?
         | 
         | To me, it is hypothetical, because we still had a Capital riot
         | even with increased surveillance. After the riot, it didn't
         | take ubiquitous surveillance to catch those people, they
         | bragged about it in livestreams on social media. We can do
         | better with the capabilities we have.
         | 
         | It seems intuitively correct to say that the NSA surveillance
         | is improving security, but (surprisingly) I don't see strong
         | evidence that the programs are actually helping to catch
         | terrorists. We're giving additional capabilities to people who
         | aren't leveraging or making good use of the capabilities that
         | they already have.
         | 
         | > I'm not a particularly good person (I do my best) and I like
         | my privacy, but I think I would have to take that bargain.
         | 
         | I wouldn't. To me, it sounds like a nonsensical comparison,
         | it's like asking whether or not I'd switch to eating only bugs
         | to stop a kidnapping. I don't believe that it would help, I
         | don't believe the bargain you're proposing makes sense on an
         | individual level. And as a widescale solution to crime on the
         | macro level, the consequences of constant surveillance for
         | everyone are worse than a kidnapping. It's not a good trade.
         | 
         | I do agree with you in one way, which is that regulation of
         | this tech is not a perfect long-term solution. We need to
         | figure out how to enforce regulations, and outside of the
         | regulatory world we need adversarial research into the
         | technology itself as well. Banning facial recognition will not
         | be enough, on its own, to solve the problem -- solving the
         | problem will require a combination of multiple solutions. But
         | it is a problem we should try to solve. Whether that's by
         | normalizing mask wearing, researching how to combat systems
         | like gait detection, making it easier to detect cameras -- we
         | should be thinking about how to give people tools to hide from
         | omnipresent facial recognition.
        
           | carapace wrote:
           | > > The primary result is that we should all work to make a
           | humane tyranny (if such a thing is even possible; it sure
           | sounds like an oxymoron, doesn't it?)
           | 
           | > It's not possible, governments need checks and balances,
           | things get bad really fast when they have absolute power.
           | 
           | If it's not possible then I think we're destined for a very
           | nasty future.
           | 
           | I don't think a technologically sophisticated government can
           | afford to be non-totalitarian (in the narrow sense I'm using
           | here: making "total" use of available information technology.
           | Cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_Information_Awareness
           | ). I think if it tried it would be undermined by other
           | governments.
           | 
           | In re: this point, I find it discouraging that the Communists
           | won in their _imperialistic_ effort to subdue the people of
           | HK. I was hoping that technology would give the masses the
           | edge over the central government but it doesn 't seem to have
           | played out that way.
           | 
           | > > Yes, your privacy is a social fiction, but in return, we
           | can stop almost all crime.
           | 
           | > No we can't,
           | 
           | What would prevent it?
           | 
           | > and (longer conversation) it wouldn't be desirable to in
           | any case. There is a strong school of thought that we don't
           | want perfect enforcement of all laws, at least not ones based
           | around nonviolent crimes.
           | 
           | I don't agree. I feel strongly that laws should be legitimate
           | or repealed. We can't have _perfect_ enforcement, but
           | technological advancement is exponentially reducing the cost
           | of enforcement, eh?
           | 
           | Is the answer _selective_ enforcement? That doesn 't sound
           | right does it? If there are laws that we believe should be
           | _imperfectly_ enforced then _that_ should be written into the
           | law.
           | 
           | For example, if you smoke pot, is it better for that to be
           | legal, or illegal but most of the time cops won't bust you
           | for smoking a joint?
           | 
           | > To me, it is hypothetical, because we still had a Capital
           | riot even with increased surveillance. After the riot, it
           | didn't take ubiquitous surveillance to catch those people,
           | they bragged about it in livestreams on social media. We can
           | do better with the capabilities we have.
           | 
           | Well, I'll say this: the Capital riot is unprecedented in USA
           | history and I think it will be a while before we can draw
           | reliable conclusions from it. It does seem to me that the
           | problems with the response to it that day did not stem from
           | insufficient information.
           | 
           | > It seems intuitively correct to say that the NSA
           | surveillance is improving security, but (surprisingly) I
           | don't see strong evidence that the programs are actually
           | helping to catch terrorists. We're giving additional
           | capabilities to people who aren't leveraging or making good
           | use of the capabilities that they already have.
           | 
           | That's kind of my point: rather than trying to sequester the
           | technology (which I believe is impossible) we have to use it
           | well, or we'll fall into some sort of dystopian system.
           | 
           | > > I'm not a particularly good person (I do my best) and I
           | like my privacy, but I think I would have to take that
           | bargain.
           | 
           | > I wouldn't. To me, it sounds like a nonsensical comparison,
           | it's like asking whether or not I'd switch to eating only
           | bugs to stop a kidnapping. I don't believe that it would
           | help, I don't believe the bargain you're proposing makes
           | sense on an individual level. And as a widescale solution to
           | crime on the macro level, the consequences of constant
           | surveillance for everyone are worse than a kidnapping. It's
           | not a good trade.
           | 
           | I wasn't clear. It's not a trade. You're going to be
           | livestreaming anyway, whether you like it or not, so do we
           | _also_ stop the kidnapping? That 's the question.
           | 
           | I can't find the news article now, but I was reading a few
           | months ago about this exact scenario: A young child in China
           | was kidnapped and the authorities used the system there to
           | locate and rescue the kid within a few hours.
           | 
           | We in the West _could_ do that too but if we don 't because
           | we value our personal privacy over the occasional kidnapped
           | kid, well, I'm no fan of the CCP but that doesn't seem like a
           | defensible moral position to me.
           | 
           | > I do agree with you in one way, which is that regulation of
           | this tech is not a perfect long-term solution. We need to
           | figure out how to enforce regulations, and outside of the
           | regulatory world we need adversarial research into the
           | technology itself as well. Banning facial recognition will
           | not be enough, on its own, to solve the problem -- solving
           | the problem will require a combination of multiple solutions.
           | But it is a problem we should try to solve. Whether that's by
           | normalizing mask wearing, researching how to combat systems
           | like gait detection, making it easier to detect cameras -- we
           | should be thinking about how to give people tools to hide
           | from omnipresent facial recognition.
           | 
           | To me that just sounds like closing the barn door after the
           | horse already bolted. The technology is already deployed and
           | more and more gets deployed every day. We should be talking
           | about a universal highest-common-denominator of laws for the
           | planet so that the decreasing cost of asymptotically-prefect
           | enforcement becomes a solution rather than a problem!
           | 
           | That makes more sense to me than fighting it because the laws
           | are crap and unevenly enforced.
        
         | t-writescode wrote:
         | > Imagine all the criminals who, when Snowden dropped his
         | bombshell, only just then realized that the NSA already had all
         | their dirty laundry.
         | 
         | As a country, the United States has decided that the Bill of
         | Rights was important enough to write down, even if some bad
         | people get to go free.
         | 
         | As a country, the United States _also_ decided that wiretapping
         | is illegal except when permitted in a specific instance, with
         | approval from a judge.
         | 
         | You may think it's okay, but our Founding Fathers and our
         | predecessors decided that these things weren't okay, likely do
         | to immediate dangers they had just been experiencing.
         | 
         | Arguably, the software and practices that Snowden exposedallow
         | after-the-fact wiretapping, where everything was recorded, but
         | not looked at prior to the fact. I argue that is against the
         | spirit of the wiretapping laws, myself.
        
           | carapace wrote:
           | I don't think these things are okay. I don't see a realistic
           | way to prevent them.
        
       | stakkur wrote:
       | Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?
        
       | maedayx wrote:
       | Whaaaaaat police departments breaking the law? Never!
        
       | Bostonian wrote:
       | When people unlawfully break into a building, why the heck
       | shouldn't facial recognition be used to identify them? We are not
       | talking about using cameras on the street to give people
       | jaywalking tickets. If you owned a business that was looted, and
       | you had video of the looters, wouldn't you want them caught?
        
         | Ensorceled wrote:
         | Facial recognition has a disturbing habit of "catching" the
         | wrong people.
         | 
         | "We have video of a crime, arrest these people", is how facial
         | recognition is advertised (and you bought the story).
         | 
         | But it keeps being used as "there is a <19 times in 20> 87%
         | chance that this person walking down the street in Atlanta is
         | the person who robbed a liquor store in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan
         | in 2006, go <violently> arrest that guy"
        
           | bsenftner wrote:
           | Facial recognition needs to be paired with a screening for
           | Racial Blindness with any operator of FR software. FR
           | software provides a filtering, given many faces, here are the
           | best matches. This is where the FR software operator is
           | _critical_ because it is then their task to pick the best
           | match. The final step in FR is always a human making the
           | selection, primarily due to a lack of image quality the
           | "best match" cannot be assured to be the correct match, and
           | even then the correct person may not even be in the FR
           | database. This is the type of understanding and analysis that
           | needs to be present in an FR software operator, but as far as
           | I can tell this area is completely ignored by both the
           | producers of FR and the customers of FR. Disclosure: I am the
           | lead developer of a global leading FR solution.
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | That's a problem with police procedures and training of those
           | who use facial recognition, not facial recognition per se.
        
             | Ensorceled wrote:
             | Yes? Cities banned facial recognition use because police
             | have proven unable to create effective procedures and
             | training to prevent the problems.
        
             | dhimes wrote:
             | Indeed. Let's not forget, eyewitnesses are notoriously
             | unreliable as well.
        
           | Jkvngt wrote:
           | Is this actually true though? It sounds great, but where's
           | the data?
           | 
           | * we need more than just the occasional anecdote to determine
           | if this is a real issue
        
             | keiferski wrote:
             | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/24/technology/facial-
             | recogni...
        
             | Ensorceled wrote:
             | There are literally dozens of news stories about the wrong
             | person being arrested for a crime they could not have
             | committed. It's literally why cities have been banning the
             | practice in the original news story.
        
             | giardini wrote:
             | Facial recognition software fails legal tests if used with
             | large datasets. It does so b/c software does not
             | discriminate in the same way the human mind does.
             | 
             | For example, some facial recognition software identifies
             | this picture of a man wearing glasses as actress Milla
             | Jovovitch:
             | 
             | https://images.newscientist.com/wp-
             | content/uploads/2016/11/0...
             | 
             | [The _New Scientist_ article from which the above picture
             | is taken is  "Glasses make face recognition tech think
             | you're Milla Jovovich":
             | 
             | https://www.newscientist.com/article/2111041-glasses-make-
             | fa... ]
             | 
             | The (PDF) original paper:
             | 
             | https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~sbhagava/papers/face-rec-ccs16.pdf
             | 
             | Steven Talley was identified by the FBI as the primary
             | suspect in two bank robberies using a facial recognition
             | algorithm. He had an iron-clad alibi, but the police and
             | FBI weren't convinced. In court one of the bank tellers
             | said Talley definitely wasn't the robber. Nonetheless
             | Talley lost his job, his wife and his family and was held
             | in prison for months. For more details read:
             | 
             | "LOSING FACE: How a Facial Recognition Mismatch Can Ruin
             | Your Life"
             | 
             | https://theintercept.com/2016/10/13/how-a-facial-
             | recognition...
             | 
             | I found out about the facial recognition failures from he
             | outstanding book "Hello World" by Hannah Fry. Fry tells the
             | story of Steven Talley as part of a chapter on crime, AI
             | and facial recognition.
             | 
             | https://www.amazon.com/Hello-World-Being-Human-
             | Algorithms/dp...
             | 
             | Fry's book shows how/why facial recognition software simply
             | does not work well enough to use in police work. She
             | provides the studies and footnotes them. As Fry says:
             | 
             | "If you're searching for a particular criminal in digital
             | line-up of millions...the best-case scenario is that you
             | won't find the right person one in six times...". That is
             | not nearly good enough for law enforcement and the courts.
             | 
             | -from "Hello World" by Hannah Fry
        
             | glenda wrote:
             | The police chief in Detroit said their facial recognition
             | system had a 4% success rate. Presumably this means that
             | 96% of the time they were targeting someone with absolutely
             | no relation to the actual crime. What a complete waste of
             | time and disregard for our civil liberties.
             | 
             | https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2020/06/detroit-
             | police-c...
        
         | throwaway0a5e wrote:
         | >When people unlawfully break into a building, why the heck
         | shouldn't facial recognition be used to identify them?
         | 
         | Because trespass by itself is not a big enough crime to handle
         | in that manner. Trespass is a crime that exists solely as a
         | means to prosecute people for other not criminal enough to
         | violate the letter of the law type behavior. There need to be
         | other factors to make it worth tracking people down (theft,
         | vandalism, stalking, etc). A pure trespass charge is not worth
         | it. By all means prosecute the people who smashed stuff but in
         | this day and age you don't need to go after everyone in order
         | to do that.
         | 
         | >We are not talking about using cameras on the street to give
         | people jaywalking tickets.
         | 
         | Do you know what the MA state police use their ALPRs for since
         | we don't really have a car theft problem big enough to warrant
         | running plates all the time? They park on a main road by an
         | intersection and automate the sending of expired inspection
         | sticker tickets. Government programs are under immense pressure
         | to justify their budget. This is why you have swat teams
         | responding to BS, gotta use it or lose it. Dragnet crap
         | inevitably gets used on petty crimes in order to justify it.
         | All the incentives point that way so that's what you get.
         | 
         | >If you owned a business that was looted, and you had video of
         | the looters, wouldn't you want them caught?
         | 
         | Looters, not trespassers.
         | 
         | > We are not talking about using cameras on the street to give
         | people jaywalking tickets.
         | 
         | But that is exactly where it winds up leading. But because it's
         | not politically popular to prosecute jaywalking and rich people
         | jaywalk they do things like prosecute all the weed dealers and
         | backyard mechanics for not obtaining all the proper licensing
         | and paying proper taxes.
         | 
         | Also as an aside I find your username very fitting.
         | 
         | I've lived in half a dozen states and only the DMV areas gives
         | the Boston area a run for its money when it comes to approval
         | of doing anything to enforce the law paired with blindness to
         | downsides of enforcing the law to the letter. (Yes I am aware
         | this is a sweeping generalization but I think it's an accurate
         | enough one that I don't feel bad about making it.) Though I
         | will admit that I have not lived in the wealthy suburbs of NYC
         | and I have my suspicions about them.
        
           | exporectomy wrote:
           | > automate the sending of expired inspection sticker tickets
           | 
           | I think that's an excellent use of the technology. These are
           | minor offences that would be too expensive and burdensome to
           | pursue individually by hand. If it were enforced reliably,
           | almost nobody would do be doing it.
           | 
           | People get charged a late penalty for not paying their power
           | bill. It's enforced with 100% reliability. But expired
           | inspection tickets is less obnoxious because you can just
           | stop driving your car when it becomes illegal to do so. You
           | can't just return electricity you already used but haven't
           | paid for yet.
           | 
           | If you believe people should drive cars without safety
           | certifications, that's a different issue. In that case, the
           | solution isn't haphazard enforcement but no enforcement at
           | all.
        
       | urda wrote:
       | Of course they do, the Union is far too powerful and nobody holds
       | them accountable.
        
       | Simulacra wrote:
       | Police seem to do many things despite bans, or at least despite
       | court rulings that tell them repeatedly not to. Photography of
       | police is the one that comes to mind, and maybe even the
       | Stingray.
        
       | ceilingcorner wrote:
       | When it comes to distributed/local technologies, does a ban
       | really accomplish anything? I'm dubious that facial recognition
       | technology will disappear because some random governments passed
       | laws against it. Especially because it's nearly impossible to
       | punish when police can just use parallel construction. "We
       | received an anonymous tip and followed it up."
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_construction
       | 
       | The solution instead might be the same with deepfakes: fill
       | everything with junk data.
        
         | netizen-9748 wrote:
         | Parallel construction sounds an awful lot like lying
        
           | octostone wrote:
           | They're allowed to do that too
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | A lot of the comments in this discussion should be tagged
             | with the country to which they apply.
        
             | netizen-9748 wrote:
             | They're allowed to lie to suspects, not the courts where
             | parallel construction happens. A defense attorney can't get
             | evidence stricken when it came from dubious sources when
             | they lie in court about the source.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | > _They 're allowed to lie to suspects, not the courts
               | where parallel construction happens._
               | 
               | That's only true in theory. In practice, police lies are
               | one of the pillars of the US "justice" system.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_perjury
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/18/nyregion/testilying-
               | polic...
               | 
               | https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/08/police-
               | testilyin...
        
               | netizen-9748 wrote:
               | That is exactly the problem
        
               | voxic11 wrote:
               | > The two senior DEA officials, who spoke on behalf of
               | the agency but only on condition of anonymity, said the
               | process is kept secret to protect sources and
               | investigative methods. "Parallel construction is a law
               | enforcement technique we use every day," one official
               | said. "It's decades old, a bedrock concept."
               | 
               | https://web.archive.org/web/20130809014315/https://www.re
               | ute...
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | You could require the software to have a warrant number entered
         | in order to do FR. This means you need probable cause first and
         | you need to be able to convince a judge it is warranted.
        
         | lumost wrote:
         | Enforcement on these issues is trivial, given that the local
         | authority actually desires to enforce the ban. Facial
         | Recognition software is not free.
         | 
         | The basic steps to stop these issues are
         | 
         | 1. (The local authority) mandates that all contracts with
         | vendors indicate that they do not perform facial recognition
         | services for the police 2. (The local authority's) lawyers sign
         | off on vendor contracts ( already happens ) 3. The auditors
         | verify that no one is paying/expensing a facial recognition
         | vendor.
         | 
         | Generally, working around your employers legal/audit mechanisms
         | is grounds for termination. If the problem is data sharing with
         | partner agencies... then the local authority needs a privacy
         | law on criminal evidence that could be used for facial
         | recognition.
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | > _Facial Recognition software is not free._
           | 
           | Open source versions will be here before long.
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | How does that change any of what the comment you are
             | responding to says?
        
       | IAmAtWork wrote:
       | Let me be controversial for a second but this is not such a big
       | deal. because they were always doing it only slower and manually.
       | 
       | Its same with deepfakes.
       | 
       | I am not happy or supporting either but with rise in
       | computational power some things are unavoidable.
       | 
       | Police always used photo id databases in manhunts. And deepfakes
       | existed in Victorian era.
       | 
       | We need to make sure that auditing agencies monitoring the
       | government and offices and non profits protecting civil rights
       | also gets technological and financial boost.
       | 
       | Everything else is just attacking the windmills.
        
         | howaboutnope wrote:
         | Yeah, and the difference between drinking a glass of water and
         | drowning is also just one of scale and rate. Same for a pat on
         | the back, and being violently attacked -- it's just physical
         | impact, the only difference is the speed.
         | 
         | > I am not happy or supporting either
         | 
         | Then don't.
        
         | throwaway0a5e wrote:
         | >because they were always doing it only slower and manually.
         | 
         | That's exactly the difference. Because it was laborious and
         | therefore expensive the techniques used to be reserved for when
         | they were actually warranted. Now because it's cheap and easy
         | those techniques get used for petty crimes.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | > _Let me be controversial for a second but this is not such a
         | big deal. because they were always doing it only slower and
         | manually._
         | 
         | "Nuclear weapons are not a big deal, we used rocks and arrows
         | for the same purpose in the past anyway..."
         | 
         | The similarities between past and present are irrelevant to
         | draw conclusions from without also having the difference in
         | mind.
         | 
         | And the difference here is one of scale. Dosage makes the cure
         | or the poison.
        
         | donpott wrote:
         | "Sometimes a difference in scale makes a difference in kind"
         | (heard in a CGPGrey video, but I'm sure the quote predates it)
        
           | kwhitefoot wrote:
           | Something like it goes back a couple of thousand years or
           | more, see the note about Stalin and "Quantity has a quality
           | all its own." at https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=J
           | oseph_Stalin&old...
        
         | breakfastduck wrote:
         | It's not the same though, because when done manually it is
         | possible to be overloaded with the sheer volume of imagery to
         | comb through.
         | 
         | Like saying someone is able to manually throw a grenade so we
         | might as well just carpet bomb everything.
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | Guns existed before machine guns, you do have to consider the
         | consequences of a bifurcation (loose speak)
        
       | breakfastduck wrote:
       | The perfect event (the capitol) to normalise the practice even
       | further.
       | 
       | And those who should be opposing it most passionately will be
       | applauding it's use, because they started with 'the bad guys'.
        
         | mnd999 wrote:
         | We saw the same in London after the 2012 riots. Instead of
         | stopping the rioting and looting the police let it go on and
         | then took all the cctv and arrested the perpetrators after the
         | event.
         | 
         | It's lazy policing, hundreds of shops got damaged and looted
         | simply because for whatever reason the police wouldn't do what
         | people want them to do. Stop people committing crime at the
         | time.
        
           | prussian wrote:
           | So instead we should increase the risk of death and injury
           | instead of safely picking people up once things deescalate? I
           | don't think that's lazy by any measure.
        
             | pepperonipizza wrote:
             | If we let these events continue until they die down,
             | wouldn't that create more of a risk that a death happens
             | than the police intervening to try to stop it?
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | It's a tough decision to make, police getting involved to
               | break up crowds often escalates the violence from that
               | crowd, look at all the protests here in the US that were
               | mostly peaceful and get escalated by police response. Now
               | there's a new thing to be mad about and it's unlikely to
               | go away because the police are hard to disengage once
               | they decide they should.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | That is 100% on HOW the police do it.
               | 
               | In the BLM protests, the police were entirely the
               | aggressors, looking for a fight.
        
             | ausbah wrote:
             | is it literally not the job of the police to stop events
             | like this? of course their safety needs to be considered to
             | a degree, but any perceived threat isn't a reason for them
             | to just act as a glorified clean up crew
        
               | tacocataco wrote:
               | "...the police do not owe a specific duty to provide
               | police services to citizens..." (1)
               | 
               | (1) https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren_v._District_of
               | _Columb...
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | Doesn't apply in the circumstances of this event since it
               | happened in London, England.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | Police are here to deal with a few deviants here and
               | there who act up. They aren't really meant to be a tool
               | to break up mass political action.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Sure, in an ideal world.
               | 
               | But every big city police department is at decently
               | trained and equipped for dealing with riots at our
               | expense.
               | 
               | So if we're gonna pay for that stupidity we may as well
               | get the benefit of it.
        
               | UI_at_80x24 wrote:
               | Policing in North America as we know it today arose in
               | the south from Overseer's and slavery. [0][1]
               | 
               | Their job has always been to protect the rich, keep
               | minorities and the lower classes oppressed.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/07/20/the-
               | invention-... [1]
               | https://plsonline.eku.edu/insidelook/brief-history-
               | slavery-a...
        
               | dimitrios1 wrote:
               | Give me a break. Enough with this 1619 style revisionist
               | history that views the history of the world through the
               | lens of black people being slaves. It doesn't even pass
               | the sniff test. It's way too lazy to assume that
               | everything has such a simple answer.
        
               | bluntfang wrote:
               | I definitely agree that nothing has such a simple answer,
               | but isn't it a little dishonest to ignore the fact that
               | the US was built on the back of slave labor?
        
               | dimitrios1 wrote:
               | There was a _period_ of US history where _a particular
               | region of the country_ was _primarily_ (although
               | certainly not singularly, and certainly not to the extent
               | 1619 chaplains would have you believe) resourced through
               | slave labor, specifically _plantation style slavery_
               | which indeed was formed in this region, yes, but that is
               | much more nuanced discussion and tosses out this whole
               | grandiose vision of America being a big power struggle
               | between white men cracking whips at black people.
               | 
               | Btw not sure who is flagging you for asking an honest
               | question. This is how people learn and refine their
               | thinking.
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | If i report someome trying to kill me, i'd very much prefer
             | the police to act immediately
        
               | Thiez wrote:
               | Don't worry sir, we'll dispatch a camera drone
               | immediately. Please keep within a well-lit area. With
               | video evidence the perp will almost certainly be
               | convicted.
        
               | tacocataco wrote:
               | IANAL, but I was under the impression that the police
               | have no obligation help people. [1]
               | 
               | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren_v._District_of
               | _Columb...
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | Oh my God, your country truly is fucked up, isn't it?
               | I've lived in police states where the laws aren't
               | steaming garbage like that.
        
           | ngold wrote:
           | This. Lazy policing is everything that is wrong. Fire
           | everyone and have a drone fly overhead that takes a picture a
           | minute if you don't care about human privacy.
        
             | bluntfang wrote:
             | i pick lazy over dishonest any day of the week.
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | Riots are dangerous situations, I think they need to do both.
           | Put in place a physical security presence to contain and
           | limit the damage, and address he worst cases involving
           | violence, but also consider that escalation may not be
           | appropriate. In a riot it unlikely you're going to be able to
           | quash it and clear it up completely, so you also need to make
           | sure perpetrators don't get away without consequences.
           | 
           | In the 2012 riots did the police really have no street
           | presence at all? That's not what I remember.
        
           | pdkl95 wrote:
           | > lazy policing
           | 
           | From Susan Landau's 2016 testimony[1] before the House
           | Judiciary Committee regarding Apple's encryption on the San
           | Bernardino shooter's iphone:
           | 
           | >> "Instead of embracing the communications and device
           | security we so badly need for securing US public and private
           | data, law enforcement continues to press hard to undermine
           | security in the misguided desire to preserve simple, but
           | outdated, investigative techniques."
           | 
           | >> "We need 21st century techniques to secure the data that
           | 21st century enemies--organized crime and nation-state
           | attackers--seek to steal and exploit. Twentieth century
           | approaches that provide law enforcement with the ability to
           | investigate but also simplify exploitations and attacks are
           | not in our national security interest. Instead of laws and
           | regulation that weaken our protections, we should enable law
           | enforcement to develop 21st century capabilities for
           | conducting investigations."
           | 
           | >> "Developing such capabilities will involve deep changed
           | for the Bureau, which remains agent-based, not technology-
           | based."
           | 
           | Whenever law enforcement complains that they need tools that
           | give them access to _more data_ they never mention that they
           | have access to _far more_ data than any point in history.
           | Yes, some types of data they have used in the past may be
           | going dark, but they have gained an incredible breadth of new
           | tools.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, learning new investigation techniques requires
           | money, training, and effort. Shoveling as much data as
           | possible onto the problem makes the actual investigation more
           | difficult, but they do it anyway when it also acts _de facto_
           | as another source of _power_. ~sigh~ This crap needs to be
           | reigned in. Fast.
           | 
           | [1] (pdf) https://docs.house.gov/meetings/JU/JU00/20160301/10
           | 4573/HHRG...
        
         | hef19898 wrote:
         | Funny enough, the capitol insurgents brought their own
         | surveillance. Courtesy of FB and Twitter. Pretty sure all the
         | video material streamed and posted by themselves would be more
         | than enough in that case.
        
           | breakfastduck wrote:
           | Yes but there's a difference between reviewing evidence and
           | using mass facial recognition software to scour literally
           | everything.
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | Oh, it definitely is. Going through public material or
             | videos provided as evidence, even using facial recognition,
             | after a crime is IMHO ok. Preemptively recording
             | everything, and using facial recognition right from the
             | bat, is very different. The latter shouldn't be acceptable
             | in a free and democratic society.
        
               | breakfastduck wrote:
               | Absolutely agree with your second point, but still not
               | sure I'm comfortable using it 'post crime' so to speak.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Me neither. We now have surveillance capabilities like
               | never before, stuff the Gestapo, Stasi or the NKVD
               | couldn't even dream about.
               | 
               | Funny enough we are mostly using it to sell adds. Until
               | you look at China and their surveillance activities. I do
               | not want any of that. Especially if all that can be
               | replaced by proper police work. Like unbiased
               | investigation, arresting people (just imagine if
               | authorities had arrested all the insurectionists right on
               | the spot). I am afraid so, that we will have more
               | surveillance and not less.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | Jkvngt wrote:
       | Everybody just keep wearing masks. It's not like we have much of
       | a choice, haha!
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-01-29 23:02 UTC)