[HN Gopher] What It Feels Like to Fly an A-10 Warthog
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       What It Feels Like to Fly an A-10 Warthog
        
       Author : rfreytag
       Score  : 27 points
       Date   : 2021-01-26 16:57 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (nationalinterest.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (nationalinterest.org)
        
       | gadders wrote:
       | That has got to be one of the most horrifically ad-heavy pages I
       | have looked at in a long time.
        
         | Digit-Al wrote:
         | When I read this I thought "funny, I didn't notice any ads at
         | all". So I reloaded it and checked the protections dashboard
         | (using Firefox with Enhanced Protection turned on): 52,449
         | blocked! WTF?
        
       | trasz wrote:
       | Might be worth mentioning there's DCS
       | (https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/products/warthog/), a
       | highly realistic simulator that includes A-10C.
        
       | simonebrunozzi wrote:
       | I'm not into airplanes much, but I've long been fascinated by the
       | engineering awesomeness of the A-10 plane. There's tons of videos
       | online that show many aspects of it.
       | 
       | I'd love to have an opportunity to fly one, even though I don't
       | know how to fly planes :(
        
         | rkangel wrote:
         | What appeals to me about the A-10 is that it is 'focused'
         | design. It is designed around a single use case (around a
         | single weapon really), and everything is to that single end.
         | This makes it incredibly good at that single job, and as long
         | as that purpose still exists (and close air support is likely
         | to continue to be needed) the A-10 will continue to be in
         | demand.
        
         | neverartful wrote:
         | I too would love to fly one and I'm not a pilot of any kind!
         | Not only aren't civilians permitted (to the best of my
         | knowledge) to fly military aircraft, there are no 2-seater
         | A-10s. This means that your first time flying it, you're doing
         | it solo.
        
           | ckozlowski wrote:
           | This is more to draw attention to an unusual fact than any
           | desire to "correct" you, but a single two-seater was built:
           | http://www.airvectors.net/ava10_1.html#m7
           | 
           | It was a single prototype. One of my minor claims to fame in
           | life is that I worked with a guy who was a test pilot, and
           | actually flew in this aircraft.
           | 
           | Of course, your larger point stands however, and general
           | there's no "type conversion" craft like you see in other two-
           | seaters for this purpose. That said, if you had a solid
           | flight background in other types of aircraft, it'd be
           | unlikely that you'd have issues in the A-10. It's reportedly
           | an easy craft to fly, there's little peculiarities that would
           | give a pilot issues like you see in some high-performance
           | craft. Straight wing, low landing speed, no built-in
           | aerodynamic instabilities or anything like that.
        
             | neverartful wrote:
             | Awesome! Thanks for the correction! I _think_ it would
             | still be a true statement to say that 99.9% of A-10 pilots
             | have their first flight in a one-seater flying solo.
        
       | temp0826 wrote:
       | It's more of a flying-high-caliber-machine-gun than a plane if
       | we're being honest
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | A good picture to help visualize that:
         | https://i.insider.com/579a52aa88e4a79f178bb61a?width=1200&fo...
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | That's incredible. I can never look at the A-10 the same way
           | again.
        
       | standardUser wrote:
       | I imagine the feeling varies based on how many brown lives you
       | end with each pass.
        
         | fulafel wrote:
         | And how much meth ("go pills") you were on.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | Using anti armor rounds on people does feel brutal. Here's the
         | size of the ammo in the main gun:
         | https://i.pinimg.com/originals/77/6e/43/776e4327ed11dddd0428...
        
           | KMag wrote:
           | When we were kids, my brother bought a spent 30 mm GAU-8A
           | bullet and kept it around on his desk. Were all of the rounds
           | depleted uranium? We knew it could be DU, but didn't have a
           | scintillation counter, and didn't bother to measure its
           | density. He just kept it far from his bed and his food.
           | 
           | I know solid uranium metal isn't so bad, and armor piercing
           | shells typically have a tungsten or DU core covered with lead
           | (if nothing else, to keep the super hard core from abrading
           | the barrel).
           | 
           | It must have been solid lead, or lead jacketed tungsten,
           | right? My brother has 4 perfectly healthy kids, but I could
           | imagine some kid keeping a DU shell in his/her pocket, in
           | close proximity to their gametes for years.
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | Pictures of A10's that made it back home despite heavy damage are
       | interesting. The cockpit is surrounded by a titanium bathtub, so
       | the pilot is fairly well protected, and there's a theme of armor
       | in the right places and simplicity/redundancy all around.
       | 
       | This story is pretty interesting: https://www.military.com/air-
       | force/air-force-pilot-landed-da...
        
         | rjsw wrote:
         | I would rather fly a plane that doesn't get hit, the A-10 is
         | obsolete.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | I suspect it will be drones that eventually replace it,
           | rather than another manned aircraft.
        
             | rjsw wrote:
             | The F-16 was better at doing the kind of missions in Iraq
             | that lead to the damage in your linked article.
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | I don't feel like the F-16 is particularly great for
               | close air support. Fighters are better for the A-10's
               | original role as a tank killer, but that hasn't really
               | been its role for some time now.
        
               | rjsw wrote:
               | Modern close air support means dropping smart bombs from
               | high altitude, to do this you need to be able to quickly
               | get to the right place, the A-10 is too slow to be able
               | to do this. One of the most effective bomb trucks is the
               | B-1B.
        
               | neverartful wrote:
               | I don't believe that's accurate. From everything I've
               | ever read about the A-10 and close air support, the
               | 'close' aspect means that you're close enough to get
               | positive visual identification of friend and foe.
               | Additionally, it means slower speed because the fast
               | movers are too fast for this task. The third important
               | factor that's commonly mentioned is length of time that
               | the plane can loiter on station to assist the ground
               | troops.
               | 
               | A B-1B (while being highly impressive in its own
               | capabilities) is poorly suited for these things.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | Actually the B1-B has done a huge amount of the sorties
               | for CAS. It can respond quickly, has a huge weapons load,
               | and combined with targeting pods, can just sit above a
               | fight plinking targets. It's loiter time is much better
               | than 90% of the fighters over Afghanistan.
               | 
               | The idea of getting down in the weeds (below 1K AGL) is
               | not how CAS is done anymore. It's extremely rare to get
               | that close. It's not how the A-10 is typically used.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | You're actually correct. Against modern air defenses the A-10
           | would have a very difficult if not impossible mission.
           | 
           | Luckily we don't fight wars against superpowers and if we do
           | the A-10 won't be the first one in.
           | 
           | And as cool as that gun is- it's overrated. Pilots shouldn't
           | have to free-gun. Most of the footage of these guns show them
           | missing a lot.
        
           | myrandomcomment wrote:
           | On what basis do you say that? The purpose of this plane is
           | close in air support with the ability to hang around in the
           | middle of a battle. All of the replacement jets can fly over
           | drop some munitions and they fly off. If you are lucky they
           | did the job, but if they missed or the target survived you
           | have to call them back. The A10 comes in, chews everything
           | you pointed out to rubble, asked you if they got it and if
           | not they are still there and adjust and do it again. In a
           | long running firefight in mountains and canyons the ability
           | to point the finger of god at any random outcropping as
           | needed over and over as you move down the path is priceless.
        
             | rjsw wrote:
             | The A-10 can't fly at low level in the middle of a battle
             | or it will be shot down by a SAM. They have been modified
             | to be able to drop smart munitions from higher altitudes
             | but are too slow to get to where they might be needed.
        
               | myrandomcomment wrote:
               | Ah, no. The idea that everyone has a MANPADS is just not
               | true. A-10 spend tons of time on target in Afghanistan
               | and Iraq. All of this is clearly documented.
        
               | rfreytag wrote:
               | Quoting ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairchild_Repub
               | lic_A-10_Thunde...
               | 
               | "From the beginning of 2006 to October 2013, A-10s
               | conducted 19 percent of CAS missions in Iraq and
               | Afghanistan, more than the F-15E Strike Eagle and B-1B
               | Lancer, but less than the 33 percent flown by F-16s."
               | 
               | ...and...
               | 
               | "The U.S. Army had expressed interest in obtaining some
               | A-10s should the Air Force retire them"
               | 
               | I am not sure why SAMs aren't the threat to the A-10s
               | that they were to Soviet helicopters in Afghanistan.
               | Maybe the Taliban can't afford them? Also SAMs require
               | training and degrade quickly if not maintained.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | The SAMs used against the HIND in Afghanistan were
               | Stingers that have smaller warheads. The Hind, while well
               | armored compared to other helicopters, is much more
               | vulnerable than the A-10. For example, an A-10 can lose
               | an engine and still make it home. If a Hind loses a
               | rotor, it's probably dead.
               | 
               | And the real issue is whether the A-10 can survive
               | against a near peer like Russia or China. Considering
               | that in the late 70's the life expectancy of an A-10 over
               | the Fulda Gap was measured in single digit sorties,
               | expecting them to survive today against modern SAMs (both
               | radar guided and infrared) is unrealistic.
               | 
               | CAS in bush country like Iraq/Afghan is much better
               | performed by fast jets that can respond quickly with a
               | JDAM or SDB.
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | There's a couple of pages that are pretty comprehensive
               | lists of aircraft lost in Iraq and Afghanistan. Both have
               | tables near the bottom. If it's accurate, one A-10 was
               | shot down by a SAM in Iraq, and that was the only A-10
               | combat loss across both conflicts.
               | 
               | Iraq: https://military.wikia.org/wiki/List_of_aviation_sh
               | ootdowns_...
               | 
               | Afghanistan: https://military.wikia.org/wiki/List_of_Coal
               | ition_aircraft_l...
        
               | rjsw wrote:
               | So many A-10s were damaged in Iraq that they were
               | withdrawn from combat.
        
               | rfreytag wrote:
               | Can you cite your source?
               | 
               | https://military.wikia.org/wiki/List_of_aviation_shootdow
               | ns_... ... says only one A-10 was lost during the
               | conflict.
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | I believe he's talking about damaged aircraft that made
               | it home. The list I posted is aircraft that were
               | literally shot down.
        
               | ckozlowski wrote:
               | It's a little misleading, though it compliments the A-10.
               | 
               | The A-10 was designed knowing it was going to get shot at
               | and take hits. It doesn't have the speed other craft do,
               | though it was somewhat underestimated just how many hits
               | it'd take. All of those redundancies and protections are
               | designed to protect the pilot and save the aircraft.
               | However, an A-10 doesn't have to be shot down in order to
               | be considered a "mission loss", which is what would
               | happen. A damaged aircraft is no longer mission
               | effective, as the pilot is now focusing everything on
               | keeping it airworthy and getting it back to base. So as
               | one of the other posters indicated, while many wern't a
               | total lost, many were damaged, and either had to abort or
               | cut short their mission as a result. From a sortie
               | effectiveness perspective, that's the same result as a
               | downed plane.
               | https://baloogancampaign.com/2015/02/02/10-future-us-
               | close-a...
        
             | jandrewrogers wrote:
             | The reason they are retiring the A-10 is that the airframe
             | cannot be upgraded with the power systems needed to support
             | modern defensive and offensive systems. Modern combat
             | aircraft are giant electrical power systems with an
             | aircraft wrapped around them. When the A-10 was designed
             | half a century ago, this was not a requirement and there is
             | no way to retrofit it.
             | 
             | Modern air defense systems are explicitly engineered to
             | very effectively kill things like the A-10, and it can't
             | support modern counter-measures because of these
             | limitations. It still works in environments for which it
             | was designed i.e. absent modern air defense systems.
        
             | x86_64Ubuntu wrote:
             | I think parent commenter was citing how A-10s are only
             | useful against enemies that can't fight back. I doubt
             | anyone is thinking of fielding A-10s against the Chinese or
             | putting them up against Russian S-400s
        
               | neverartful wrote:
               | I believe the proper distinction is "can't shoot with
               | heat-seeking missiles". It's true that A-10 would be easy
               | kill for the missiles, but it has legendary durability
               | against small arms fire.
        
           | ckozlowski wrote:
           | I feel ya. The A-10 has so many fans (and for good reason),
           | that it's nigh impossible for anyone to believe it's
           | obsolete. But you're right, and you're perhaps being unfairly
           | downvoted.
           | 
           | There's a great article here breaking this down:
           | https://baloogancampaign.com/2015/02/02/10-future-us-
           | close-a...
           | 
           | To summarize: - The A-10 was designed for an era when SAMs
           | weren't as sophisticated as they are today. The GAU-8 cannon
           | was to be an affordable weapon for eliminating tanks, but
           | even as it was entering service it was soon clear that modern
           | systems were outranging the cannon, and the Maverick soon
           | became the primary anti-armor weapon of the A-10 due to it's
           | standoff range. (source: colleague who was an A-10 test pilot
           | (in the only two-seater made no less!) and links I can't find
           | now)
           | 
           | - This proved true in Iraq (see link above) where the A-10
           | was getting shot up quite a bit against frontline units, and
           | F-16s with their higher speed were sent in instead. It's a
           | good reminder here that again, the cannon is no longer the
           | primary weapon against armor in a high-threat environment.
           | When that's taken into account, the A-10 and F-16 have
           | similar weapons capabilities.
           | 
           | - The A-10s primary advantage in a low-threat environment is
           | it's high endurance time. Here, it's being squeeze from two
           | sides: Low-cost COIN aircraft like the A-29 Super Tucano, and
           | high altitude bombers with targeting pods like the B-52.
           | (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vw2qPzl1gtM). The A-29 is
           | very effective in the counterinsurgency role for a fraction
           | of the cost where it's not running against sophisticated AA
           | systems. On the other end, you have the B-52, loitering at
           | 35,000+ with an enormous load of munitions that can be called
           | down on command and well above the range of man-portable
           | systems.
           | 
           | - Check this video here of the late John McCain and a hearing
           | with the Air Force. I've FFed the time to the general's
           | answer to him. McCain, experienced as he was, is looking at
           | this from a prior era here, and I think the General proves
           | it. https://youtu.be/_up7IHd3LDs?t=218
           | 
           | The Air Force, feeling the budget squeeze, is rightfully
           | concluding that the A-10 can go. They can perform the
           | COIN/light ground attack role with much cheaper aircraft or
           | by leveraging the huge advances in targeting with pods
           | attached to the B-52, B-1, and F-15/F-16. At the high-threat
           | end, they have the F-35, who's stealth, ECM, and sensors make
           | it much more survivable than the A-10. (No, really. It does.)
           | 
           | And lastly, if anyone wants to see what this actually plays
           | out like, try the A-10 simulator in DCS. It's a fantastic
           | module. And then better yet, fly a mission or two on the
           | public servers with the A-10 in a mixed threat environment.
           | It'll be eyeopening.
           | 
           | And regarding those? I flew as part of a group online where
           | we'd design and then fight realistic scenarios for our online
           | wing. Props to our A-10 crews, but I got to see (simulated of
           | course) just how limited these craft sometimes were. They
           | were incredibly slow, and so took forever to get to the
           | operational area, meaning the rest of our fighters had to
           | either take off late, leaving them uncovered, or take off
           | early and hit the tanker several times so that they'd be in
           | the strike area to cover when they arrived. With a full load
           | they were sitting ducks most of the time; jinking away from
           | modern SAMs was practically impossible unless you were really
           | sticking close to a ridgeline, which limited where you could
           | go. Often the A-10s would get to the area after a long
           | cruise, only to find some threats still up. They'd then have
           | to loiter somewhere while an F/A-18 with HARMs came to clean
           | up. We had a lot of aircraft overhead and around the A-10 to
           | give it a role in the mission, whereas a package of 2-4
           | F-16s/F/A-18s with Mavericks could accomplish the same.
           | 
           | (Me? I flew the Viggen. We don't need no escorts, Swedish
           | Dorito go "zoom".)
           | 
           | Anyways, hope this helps illustrate the issue for some of
           | your detractors.
        
             | rfreytag wrote:
             | Excellent points.
             | 
             | But why then do the soldiers on the ground demand the A-10?
             | They are in the field fighting and sometimes dying so from
             | better food to fast Med-Evac what the soldier wants he/she
             | gets to sustain their morale.
             | 
             | What is missing from the stand-off platforms or fast movers
             | that the A-10 has and gains it loyal supporters? Is it that
             | the soldier sees the pilot get into the conflict with them?
             | 
             | What was it like to fly the Viggen? Any posts on that
             | aircraft you can recommend?
        
               | ckozlowski wrote:
               | >But why then do the soldiers on the ground demand the
               | A-10?
               | 
               | I think that's a much more difficult question to answer
               | and probably a lot more subjective. Define "Demand"? Do
               | they demand it over other platforms? And why? I don't
               | have the answer to any of those, and I suspect that the
               | extent that they demand or prefer the A-10 might be in
               | part due to the fact that it just looks impressive. I
               | think you might be onto something as well with regards to
               | "seeing them in the conflict"; the A-10 is often regarded
               | as "being down in the mud" with the troops, where as a
               | JDAM drop from an F/A-18 or B-52 is going to be a angry
               | fist out of nowhere. You can't bond with it, except maybe
               | the soldier talking to it over the radio. =P
               | 
               | The Viggen (in DCS) is hella fun. It's very fast at low-
               | level, and brings a different feel than any other
               | warplane in in the sim. It's very much a product of it's
               | time; with cutting edge electronics but from the 60s and
               | 70s. It's also a very purpose-built craft too: The ideal
               | Viggen mission is to plan a route to strike against a
               | pre-planned target, dump it's warload in an instant, and
               | get out. The electronics are rather janky and will remind
               | you of an Apollo-era computer, but again, they were
               | cutting edge for the time, and it's remarkable how
               | effective they are still. In DCS the Viggen will teach
               | you good planning and tactics as your weapons and sensors
               | are relatively primitive. But it's navigation is
               | excellent, it's speed and handling at low-level are
               | supurb, and it automates in all of the right places so
               | that you can focus more on your surroundings.
               | 
               | In DCS I flew it in those same large scale missions along
               | A-10s. We had rudimentary ECM and chaff/flares to keep us
               | alive. But it was really our speed that did so. You pop
               | up close to the target, using the ground to mask you all
               | the way in, keeping your speed as high as possible (this
               | is where good planning helps) and then egressing out,
               | preferably back under cover (again, planning!) Done well,
               | we'd be long gone before a SAM could respond, let alone
               | close the distance. It didn't always work though, and
               | against targets that were much more in the open, we
               | didn't do so well. And that's pushing mach .9, or 600+
               | KIAS. So you can see how an A-10 bumbling along at
               | 200-300 is having a rougher go of it.
               | 
               | I'd check out this great video here:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpFIHZJbTtY Also search
               | the /r/hoggit discussions over on Reddit. Viggen has a
               | small but loyal following. It's not a good all-rounder,
               | but it does certain things very well, and with style. =D
               | 
               | Also, check out any of the "F-111 w/ Jeff Guinn videos"
               | over on Aircrew Interview, and how they handled SAMs and
               | how "high speed/low level" was a very difficult problem
               | for air defense to solve back then. Different plane, but
               | very similar mission set.
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAyMklJSwi8
        
           | exabrial wrote:
           | It has a glass cockpit, Link 16, sniper pod integration, and
           | SDB integration is coming soon. That's more advanced that
           | most countries air forces.
           | 
           | The only thing really obsolete unfortunately is the engines.
        
             | greedo wrote:
             | The engines are perfect for its mission. High efficiency
             | which translates into long loiter times.
        
               | exabrial wrote:
               | Agree. Spare parts are the issue.
               | 
               | Without googling I believe there is another aircraft in
               | the Navy that uses the same engine but it's been retired?
               | If I recall correctly as well it's used in some business
               | jets.
        
               | ckozlowski wrote:
               | S-3 Viking I believe.
        
       | hesdeadjim wrote:
       | I struggle with duality around this. I loved the plane growing
       | up, but at this point in my life I can't hear "the gun is f'n
       | awesome when you fire it" without thinking about the lives it's
       | ending doing so.
        
         | secfirstmd wrote:
         | Unfortunately the US fetishness about the A-10 gun (esp when
         | Maverick and others were much more effective) also likely
         | caused significant long lasting cancerous effects in the areas
         | it was used because of the depleted Uranium.
        
           | ckozlowski wrote:
           | I'd like to see the sources for this.
           | 
           | There was a lot of focus on DU at times, especially with
           | regards to Gulf War Syndrome (perhaps because of the
           | "uranium" being in the name) but I believe most of the focus
           | has now shifted elsewhere, particularly with regards to the
           | anti-chemical and anti-biological mixes soldiers were given
           | in the run up to the invasion. I can't find many of the
           | articles I've read on this over the years, but Wikipedia has
           | a decent summary:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War_syndrome#Causes
           | 
           | The thing with DU and what ended up ruling it out as much of
           | an exposure factor is that it is _extremely_ heavy.
           | Particulates of it don 't travel far. They sink, fall short,
           | etc. They don't waft around in air or get suspended in water
           | like some compounds do. I don't think anyone would suggest
           | that you ingest the stuff, but from what I'd read, the
           | extreme weight of the stuff kept it localized and unlikely to
           | be ingested or exposed to in any amounts that would cause
           | wide issues.
           | 
           | That there were other factors that could cause these effects
           | I don't dispute. But it was my understanding that it was
           | determined that it was concluded DU wasn't one of them.
        
         | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
         | If history shows anything, it is that is absolutely sucks to be
         | on the losing side of a military conflict.
         | 
         | As an American, I am happy that the US develops and fields
         | weapons, including A-10's, that help win conflicts.
         | 
         | War always sucks. There is always suffering and innocent lives
         | lost. This is better solved by limiting what wars we engage in,
         | than in feeling bad about our warfighting equipment.
        
           | thatguy0900 wrote:
           | Except when you build such a large war industry that stopping
           | the wars isn't really an option, which is where we are now.
        
           | hesdeadjim wrote:
           | My point has nothing to do with the equipment. It's the
           | cultural celebration of warfare and the white washing of the
           | true horrible nature of war. "This gun is f'n awesome" is but
           | a symptom of the true problem.
           | 
           | I'm not ignorant to human nature and our inherent trend
           | towards conflict, I'm just somewhat sad that our culture in
           | particular throws the metaphorical gas on the flame.
        
         | mprovost wrote:
         | I grew up with A-10s flying overhead almost daily (I lived next
         | to BDL airport and the CT Air National Guard had A-10s). I had
         | pictures of all kinds of different planes on my wall and wanted
         | to be a fighter pilot - as did half the boys in the Top Gun
         | generation. Much later my wife's cousin in the British Army was
         | shot by an American F-18 in Afghanistan on a close air support
         | mission. I clicked on this article because of my old fondness
         | for A-10s but you're absolutely right, it's easy to become
         | fascinated by the technology and separate yourself from the
         | reality that these things are purpose built to kill other
         | humans.
        
       | neverartful wrote:
       | If you'd like to read a true story about A-10s providing close
       | air support to save a group of Marines, I recommend the following
       | article:
       | 
       | https://foxtrotalpha.jalopnik.com/how-two-a-10-pilots-saved-...
        
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       (page generated 2021-01-27 23:02 UTC)