[HN Gopher] SpaceX: World record number of satellites launched
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       SpaceX: World record number of satellites launched
        
       Author : edward
       Score  : 99 points
       Date   : 2021-01-24 18:12 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.co.uk)
        
       | Jabbles wrote:
       | Are satellites the size of books required to have a method of
       | self de-orbiting? Or are they in orbits that have limited
       | lifespans?
        
         | MayeulC wrote:
         | Usually, a satellite that launches from a country has to abide
         | by that country's regulations.
         | 
         | As a requirement for getting regulatory approval to launch your
         | satellite, I think you have to submit a debris management plan,
         | which can include raising a geostationary satellite to a
         | graveyard orbit after EOL (GEO is really far from earth, it
         | would take a lot of fuel to de-orbit them), or lower a low-
         | earth orbit to an altitude at which it would decay in a few
         | weeks or years.
         | 
         | Generally, I think these small satellites are quite cheap both
         | to launch and manufacture, do not have a great lifespan, and
         | certainly not have lots of fuel. So they are most likely
         | intended for LEO, and a low one with that, where atmospheric
         | drag is small, but could bring a satellite down in a few (~5-7)
         | years. Hopefully smaller than the rate at which the operator
         | renews them.
         | 
         | Picking LEO has many benefits: lower latency, higher bandwidth,
         | smaller antennas, higher resolution for pictures, with a few
         | drawbacks: more earth shadow, faster ground velocity, smaller
         | coverage for earth sensors.
        
         | acover wrote:
         | The orbits have a 5 year life span and the satellites can
         | deorbit. The satellites actually use propulsion to stay in
         | their orbit!
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlink
        
           | titzer wrote:
           | This[1] suggests an orbit of 500-600km can a lifetime
           | anywhere from 10-100 years. That's not short.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.spaceacademy.net.au/watch/debris/orblife.htm
           | 
           | The 5-year lifespan is for them to be intentionally
           | deorbited. If they die, they become debris subject to
           | atmospheric drag and other forces.
        
             | acover wrote:
             | Interesting. Spacex says it's 5 years for the 550km orbit
             | without propulsion. Maybe the orbit isn't perfectly
             | circular or something else changes the maths.
             | 
             | wiki citation - https://spacenews.com/starlink-failures-
             | highlight-space-sust...
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | Thats a great link
             | 
             | I think it's inportant to note that a traditional 3 ton
             | sattelite and a cubesat will have totally different
             | lifetimes, and that articles appears to assume a larger
             | satellite
        
           | herodoturtle wrote:
           | So like little space drones? But way more subtle I guess.
           | Like a mini blowtorch prodding this little thing along, and
           | in the background, a giant view of Earth, below.
           | 
           | And some clouds. Children love clouds.
        
       | ortusdux wrote:
       | Estimates are that the spacex starship could launch 240 starlink
       | satellites. I can't imagine how many cubes they could hold.
        
         | m4rtink wrote:
         | So one current generation Starlink satellite is estimated to
         | weight about 260. One one unit cubesat weighs 1 kg.
         | 
         | So discounting small details like deployment mechanisms and
         | volume:
         | 
         | 260 x 240 = 62400 cubesats for one Starship launch by weight.
        
           | stretchcat wrote:
           | I know these cubesats don't stay up for long in LEO, but at
           | what point does it become too many cubesats?
        
             | Chickenosaurus wrote:
             | There are more than 1 billion cars on earth. Cubesats are
             | smaller than a car and can be distributed in an additional
             | dimension (altitude). I think there is little risk of
             | oversaturation currently.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Cars spend most of their time at rest, don't travel at
               | cosmic speeds, and when they collide, don't send tens of
               | thousands of pieces of shrapnel flying around the world
               | for months/decades.
        
               | gregoriol wrote:
               | Cars seem to have a lot in common actually: satellites
               | are "at rest" most of the time, it just that this rest
               | could be a hazard as some point; but a car parked badly,
               | around a sharp turn or in the middle of the highway would
               | be a hazard as well. Cars can collide too, they can leave
               | debris, which can become dangerous themselves for other
               | cars, or pollute the nature around from leaks, ...
               | 
               | The only reason I'd say cars are in a "better" situation
               | is simply because we can clean up. We don't do it yet
               | with satellites.
        
               | MayeulC wrote:
               | Well, cars can park (and stay parked most of the time).
               | Cars generally do not go offroad.
               | 
               | Also, cars do not go 8 km/s (30 Mm/h, 17k mph). That
               | really compensates the actual satellite size. And a
               | single debris can ruin your day at these speeds.
        
             | 1123581321 wrote:
             | This CalPoly presentation takes an ecological view and
             | suggests that constellations of several hundred or more
             | could be too many, if poorly managed. I would hope that we
             | could manage orders of magnitude more safely with
             | planning/control software and good thinking. http://mstl.at
             | l.calpoly.edu/~workshop/archive/2016/Spring/Da...
        
             | mrfusion wrote:
             | How can we spin this as a bad thing, right?
        
               | stretchcat wrote:
               | I'm not spinning anything, and the scenario I'm
               | responding to (62k satellites in one launch) has not
               | occurred. I've been a fan of SpaceX for years, but
               | apparently even a whiff of anything short of pure
               | adoration is enough to send _some_ fanboys into a tizzy.
               | It 's tiresome.
        
               | jeffparsons wrote:
               | > [...] even a whiff of anything short of pure adoration
               | is enough to send some fanboys into a tizzy. It's
               | tiresome.
               | 
               | I think it's more that the question you asked, _in the
               | way you asked it_, is so oft-repeated and shallow that
               | it's indistinguishable from concern trolling or other
               | similar kinds of low effort drive-by sniping.
               | 
               | Of course that doesn't mean that your question was
               | insincere. But consider that pretty much anyone who has
               | shown the slightest bit of interest in spaceflight has
               | probably seen nearly that exact question hundreds, if not
               | thousands of times. It's nearly as common as "why are we
               | spending money on space when there are still so many
               | problems to fix down here on Eaaaaarth?" It's likewise
               | not a constructive question, and it's just not reasonable
               | to expect a positive response.
               | 
               | EDIT: By the way, I do find the question of what to do
               | about all the stuff already zipping around in various
               | Earth orbits, and how we regulate the addition of new
               | satellites to be a really interesting and important
               | topic. It's only that I've never seen "how much X is too
               | much X" -- especially when asked in response to a report
               | of someone doing X -- generating meaningful discussion.
               | How about... "if one country regulates its own space
               | industry to mitigate addition of new LEO debris (limits,
               | tracking, investing in clean-up tech), then at least some
               | other countries will just ignore it. Are there any
               | existing multilateral agreements in place for this stuff
               | specifically, or maybe agreements in other domains that
               | have successfully avoided similar kinds of tragedy of the
               | commons down on Earth? Nuclear disarmament and ocean
               | protection aren't working perfectly, but have had some
               | positive impact..."
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | Ehh, your phrasing was dangerously close to the "how many
               | is too many" political rhetoric that typically connotes
               | not only the existence of a moral boundary but having
               | already crossed the boundary and caused significant
               | damage. That's what set people off, not "a whiff of
               | anything short of pure adoration."
               | 
               | A small change, like tweaking the phrasing to "is there a
               | limit?," would have avoided the landmine and signaled
               | that you were looking for a good faith engineering
               | discussion rather than political headbutting.
        
               | kitsunesoba wrote:
               | > I've been a fan of SpaceX for years, but apparently
               | even a whiff of anything short of pure adoration is
               | enough to send some fanboys into a tizzy. It's tiresome.
               | 
               | I think it's a bit of a knee-jerk reaction leftover from
               | when SpaceX was still trying to get its foot in the door
               | and was more vulnerable to the whims of public opinion
               | (since early on, it was wholly dependent on NASA
               | contracts which strong public pressure could get cut).
               | 
               | Spaceflight is also one of those subjects that tends to
               | attract opinions and fears more based in sensationalized
               | headlines and Hollywood depictions than reality. This is
               | natural since space isn't exactly accessible to general
               | public, but it can be frustrating for enthusiasts,
               | especially since unfounded claims spread much more widely
               | and quickly than corrections do.
               | 
               | All that said, no company is above criticism and I do not
               | encourage fanboyism.
        
               | herodoturtle wrote:
               | > I think it's a bit of a knee-jerk reaction leftover
               | from when SpaceX was still trying to get its foot in the
               | door and was more vulnerable to the whims of public
               | opinion (since early on, it was wholly dependent on NASA
               | contracts which strong public pressure could get cut).
               | 
               | > Spaceflight is also one of those subjects that tends to
               | attract opinions and fears more based in sensationalized
               | headlines and Hollywood depictions than reality. This is
               | natural since space isn't exactly accessible to general
               | public, but it can be frustrating for enthusiasts,
               | especially since unfounded claims spread much more widely
               | and quickly than corrections do.
               | 
               | Well said.
               | 
               | > All that said, no company is above criticism
               | 
               | Agreed.
               | 
               | > and I do not encourage fanboyism.
               | 
               | Nah man, it's cool to be a fanboy of SpaceX. But I think
               | the point is that we're not overly sensitive to criticism
               | of SpaceX.
        
             | m4rtink wrote:
             | Good point, if you put too many in one place it might cause
             | a gravitational collapse & create a new singularity.
        
           | enchiridion wrote:
           | What are the implications of that?
        
             | ksec wrote:
             | If LEO space were priced as real estate / property and
             | assuming there are currently little restriction to zoning.
             | SpaceX is about to own most of it.
             | 
             | I am thinking of it like a Game of Monopoly but SpaceX
             | currently has anywhere from 5 - 10 rounds of head start if
             | not more.
             | 
             | Interestingly once you start thinking about it. If TSMC
             | were blown up by CCP. Samsung and Intel would caught up to
             | their progress and volume within 2 years time.
             | 
             | Compare to SpaceX AFAIK There are currently _nothing_
             | remotely close to SpaceX 's offering within 3-4 years time
             | frame.
        
           | ortusdux wrote:
           | By those calculations, todays launch could have brought 15600
           | cubesats to orbit.
        
         | childintime wrote:
         | did you mean 420 satellites? https://www.teslarati.com/spacex-
         | president-teases-starship-s...
        
       | _Microft wrote:
       | Something that might not be obvious for people not following
       | space flight closely: this was a launch into a polar orbit from
       | _Florida_. In the past these would have launched from Vandenberg
       | airforce base in California because there is a clear path towards
       | the south from there. So, how is SpaceX doing that now? They are
       | conducting a so-called ,,dog leg" maneuver. This trajectory leads
       | the rocket further out to the east over the ocean before it turns
       | south. This is to avoid to fly over land /populated area. This
       | had not been done in decades if I remember correctly.
       | 
       | More stuff: the first Starlink satellites for polar orbits also
       | launched on this flight. As I understand these were the first
       | ones to have inter-satellite laser links too.
       | 
       | (I can't imagine what an improvement cheap and high bandwidth
       | satellite Internet must be for stations in Antarctica.)
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1353408098342326276
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | The landing also looked pretty close to Cuba.
        
         | herodoturtle wrote:
         | This was an incredibly insightful comment, thank you.
         | 
         | I've been following SpaceX relatively closely; as a South
         | African I've cheered on Elon since his PayPal exit - and so for
         | example I had friends over for dinner on the night of the twin
         | Falcon landing (and more recently the crewed Dragon mission).
         | 
         | Please forgive my fanboyism, but now that I've read your points
         | that you've just made, it has shed a whole new (fascinating)
         | light on something I was already passionate about.
         | 
         | Incredible times we're living in.
         | 
         | Ad astra.
        
       | shripadk wrote:
       | "The number beats the previous record of 104 satellites carried
       | aloft by an Indian vehicle in 2017"
       | 
       | Does this vehicle not have a name? Or is the reporter too lazy to
       | look it up? BBC never fails when it comes to its Anti-India
       | stance.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | " _Eschew flamebait. Don 't introduce flamewar topics unless
         | you have something genuinely new to say. Avoid unrelated
         | controversies and generic tangents._"
         | 
         | Nationalistic flamewar is particularly not where we want to go
         | here.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | aparsons wrote:
         | Not sure why you're offended, but on the world stage, India is
         | largely a joke.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Nationalistic flamewar is not ok here, regardless of whether
           | another comment started it. It just leads to hell, so please
           | don't post like this to HN.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | cody8295 wrote:
         | PSLV-C37 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSLV-C37
        
         | wlesieutre wrote:
         | The mission was PSLV-C37, but they also didn't tell you that
         | the SpaceX flight was F9-106 or that it flew on booster B1058.
         | Would you describe that as the BBC's anti-American stance at
         | work? Or maybe the serial numbers tacked on to the missions
         | aren't really newsworthy, and anyone who wants more specific
         | details can type "104 satellites" into google?
         | 
         | I vouched you comment back up because I think it's worth
         | linking, but no need to ascribe some sort of malicious motive
         | to the BBC here.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSLV-C37
         | 
         | https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2403
        
         | [deleted]
        
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