[HN Gopher] Porting Firefox to Apple Silicon
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Porting Firefox to Apple Silicon
        
       Author : sylvestre
       Score  : 630 points
       Date   : 2021-01-20 16:48 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (hacks.mozilla.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (hacks.mozilla.org)
        
       | Toutouxc wrote:
       | > It's notable that without this last-ditch effort we would have
       | been effectively blocked from releasing a native Apple Silicon
       | version for an indefinite period.
       | 
       | Effectively blocked from releasing it for the single-digit-
       | percentage of people who run an antivirus on a Mac.
       | 
       | Does anyone have credible numbers on this?
        
         | dilly_li wrote:
         | i.e. all the folks who are using a macbook from work -- I don't
         | think that's a small fraction.
        
         | terhechte wrote:
         | The IT department at the place where I work installs antivirus
         | on all Macs. I'd guess it is the same at most bigger
         | corporations
        
           | msh wrote:
           | But was it not just a specific product?
        
             | rockdoe wrote:
             | How many anti-viruses for macOS are there exactly? If it's
             | the most popular one (whatever that is), it probably
             | doesn't change much about the problem.
        
           | dpkonofa wrote:
           | Doesn't that assume that all these IT departments and
           | corporations are using the anti-virus software in question? I
           | feel like most AV software vendors were aware of the ARM
           | transition and would know to look for the new Universal
           | Binaries...
        
         | rkangel wrote:
         | They can't selectively release Firefox. If 5% of machines have
         | AV, then the new version of Firefox wouldn't have worked for 5%
         | of machines. That's far too high a failure rate to release.
        
       | fomine3 wrote:
       | For who curious, the antivirus that caused problem looks like
       | Norton 360.
       | 
       | https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1682834#c39
        
       | ed25519FUUU wrote:
       | > _Rust in particular was a concern. Firefox depends on Rust
       | code, and we require a working Rust compiler to build the
       | browser. Although Apple Silicon support for Rust was underway, it
       | took until mid-August for there to be functional compiler builds,
       | which limited the amount of progress possible for Firefox._
       | 
       | Lack of rust support for 64-bit ARM was a bit surprising to me,
       | especially given the velocity in which people have been rewriting
       | certain components in Rust.
       | 
       | Take for example ffmpeg failing to compile because librsvg was
       | rewritten in rust: https://trac.macports.org/ticket/61668
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | And in turn this blocks a large Swift app I work on from
         | shipping Apple silicon support...software dependency chains can
         | be brutal.
        
         | steveklabnik wrote:
         | It has gotten significantly better recently, with Arm
         | themselves pitching in.
        
         | CameronNemo wrote:
         | Pretty sure Rust has supported aarch64 Linux targets for ages.
         | It is just aarch64 Darwin/macOS target support which needed to
         | be added.
        
       | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
       | > The Apple Silicon chips are one of the first desktop chips that
       | are a heterogeneous design with distinct performance and
       | efficiency cores. We're revising much of our core threading and
       | thread pooling architecture to handle the distinction better,
       | improve efficiency, and eventually be able to schedule less
       | performance-critical tasks on the efficiency cores.
       | 
       | Isn't this at the wrong abstraction level? I would expect this to
       | be a job for the OS scheduler.
        
         | kzrdude wrote:
         | the application knows the tasks better than the OS?
        
           | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
           | The OS already needs to properly schedule tasks of different
           | load intensities and match them to the available cores, which
           | might already be running different processes. An application
           | has strictly less visibility into whats going on overall in
           | the system, what else is using resources etc., so I don't see
           | how it can decide any better? All it needs to do is set the
           | proper priorities, so the OS scheduler knows whats more
           | important.
        
             | rockdoe wrote:
             | If you read the linked bug, isn't that exactly what's being
             | proposed:
             | https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1678083#c3
        
       | liquidify wrote:
       | Love you firefox. Keep fighting the good fight. Keep that budget
       | figured out.
        
       | green-bottle wrote:
       | A bit tangential to the main topic of the post. They mention that
       | they are working on another optimizing compiler Ion which will
       | replace the cranelift compiler (which is still in nightly) as the
       | new compiler for WebAssembly.
       | 
       | They link the issue [1] tracking the change which also speaks
       | about disabling cranelift.
       | 
       | To my knowledge cranelift was made for the purpose of compiling
       | WebAssembly in Firefox, so I am not sure if I am missing
       | something here (it's not yet production ready maybe). The
       | Cranelift README[2] mentions that it will be a backend for
       | IonMonkey.
       | 
       | I am a complete layman here so I am curious if someone here has a
       | better understanding.
       | 
       | [1] https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1687626
       | 
       | [2]
       | https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/tree/main/crane...
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | _> They mention that they are working on another optimizing
         | compiler Ion which will replace the cranelift compiler (which
         | is still in nightly) as the new compiler for WebAssembly._
         | 
         | Ion (nee IonMonkey) predates Cranelift, being the natural
         | evolution of Mozilla's previous SpiderMonkey JITs. From your
         | link:
         | 
         |  _" Prototyping work (bug 1678097) has demonstrated that Ion
         | can generate good code quickly for wasm on ARM64, and given
         | that Ion has good stability and we know it well, we will ship
         | it as the initial optimizing compiler for wasm on that
         | platform."_
         | 
         | The keyword being "initial"; it appears to just be saying that
         | Ion is good enough to enable, with support for Cranelift being
         | retained in the event that it ever surpasses IonMonkey in
         | capability.
        
         | twic wrote:
         | I think the situation is:
         | 
         | Cranelift - experimental, quick to port
         | 
         | Ion - production, slow to port
         | 
         | So Firefox on Apple Silicon got Cranelift first, but only in
         | nightlies, and will soon get Ion in release builds - "become
         | the new default" means it will replace the baseline compiler.
        
         | IainIreland wrote:
         | (I work on SpiderMonkey.)
         | 
         | Cranelift was originally started as a project to make a new
         | backend for wasm in SpiderMonkey. It took on a life of its own,
         | and has been transferred by the Bytecode Alliance (which
         | Mozilla is a part of). At the moment it's not mature enough for
         | us to use in production (both in terms of performance and in
         | terms of code churn). We're hopeful that will change over the
         | next few years, but we need to ship wasm support now, so we're
         | sticking with our existing backend.
         | 
         | (We intend to keep Cranelift working behind a compile-time
         | flag.)
        
       | shrimpx wrote:
       | FYI you still cannot get a full native experience with Chrome and
       | Firefox, due to plugins that have not been ported.
       | 
       | For example Chrome ships with an x64 version of Widevine, a
       | plugin that is required to watch live streams on YouTube TV (and
       | perhaps other services with live TV). Currently, YouTube TV does
       | not work natively in Chrome or Firefox.
       | 
       | All that said, it will work fine if you run Rosetta -- the x64
       | decoder will run in Rosetta.
        
         | bla3 wrote:
         | The post talks about this in some length.
        
       | jonny383 wrote:
       | I wonder if Mozilla regrets laying off 25% of their engineering
       | team [0] given their rapidly declining browser market share [1],
       | and their rapidly declining performance. Not to mention their
       | forced adoption of the new Firefox on Android which disables all
       | add-ons except Mozilla approved ones, despite their promises to
       | correct this [2].
       | 
       | Mozilla _used_ to be about open internet and security, but that's
       | just a false pretense at this point [3][4].
       | 
       | I believe it's time to embrace Chromium / Blink, throw away the
       | idea of internet freedom and just use the best performing browser
       | of the week.
       | 
       | [0] https://thenextweb.com/insights/2020/08/11/mozilla-
       | firefox-l...
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_web_browsers
       | 
       | [2] https://www.androidpolice.com/2020/09/03/firefox-update-
       | face...
       | 
       | [3] https://blog.mozilla.org/blog/2021/01/08/we-need-more-
       | than-d...
       | 
       | [4] https://www.theverge.com/2017/12/16/16784628/mozilla-mr-
       | robo...
        
         | bilkow wrote:
         | What rapidly declining market share? Did you even open the
         | wikipedia page you're referring to? There are no graphs over
         | the last few months, and if you look at the sources[0][1][2],
         | it looks like their market share declined BEFORE the layoff
         | (from January to August 2020). After the layoff, it seems
         | pretty stable.
         | 
         | As a reference, I'm going to post the values here:
         | Source: Jan 2020 - Aug 2020 - Jan 2021       netmarketshare:
         | 3.61% - 3.00% - 2.98%       wikimedia analytics: 5.2% - 4.6% -
         | 4.7%       statcounter: 4.7% - 4.09% - 3.77%
         | 
         | Also I'm actually pretty satisfied with Firefox.
         | 
         | [0] https://netmarketshare.com/browser-market-
         | share.aspx?options...
         | 
         | [1] https://analytics.wikimedia.org/dashboards/browsers/#all-
         | sit... (change date range to Jan 1 2020 - Jan 21 2021, remove
         | other browsers)
         | 
         | [2] https://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-
         | share#monthly-2020... (remove other browsers)
        
           | jonny383 wrote:
           | You have to be joking right? You'd have to be blind to not
           | see the rapid decline in Firefox marketshare.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_web_browsers#.
           | ..
        
             | bilkow wrote:
             | First, (as I understood) you indicated that the market
             | share decline and the layoffs were somehow related. Given
             | that the graph started in 2009, 1 year after Chrome was
             | first released and only the last datapoint is after the
             | date, I don't think they're related at all. We all know
             | that Chrome captured the IE/Firefox market share in the
             | whole last decade and that's what the graph's showing.
             | 
             | Second, your concept of rapid decline clearly differs from
             | mine. That is an eleven year decline and I don't think it's
             | "rapid" at all for a browser.
        
         | roca wrote:
         | Nice trolling.
         | 
         | You can use general extensions on Android in Nightly, so this
         | is in progress:
         | https://blog.mozilla.org/addons/2020/09/29/expanded-extensio...
         | 
         | But sure, if you want to "throw away the idea of internet
         | freedom" then that's your choice.
        
           | fwn wrote:
           | Not the parent but just to clarify:
           | 
           | The ability to install non-store extensions got completely
           | removed on Firefox for Android and there is (AFAIK) no hint
           | at whether it will ever reappear. That's pretty frustrating
           | and clearly not a win in internet freedom.
           | 
           | Store extensions can be used if you create a Firefox account
           | and use their Nightly, which is really hard to justify, IMO.
           | To me it looks like they wanted to push their account numbers
           | and I have great difficulties to find any potential hidden
           | greatness in this policy.
        
         | circularfoyers wrote:
         | > [...] throw away the idea of internet freedom and just use
         | the best performing browser of the week.
         | 
         | I'm not sure if you realise the ridiculousness of your
         | statement.
         | 
         | I think many of your citations are used on a surface level to
         | push your point. I don't think you considered the reasons for
         | Chrome's dominance in the market, which is more to do with
         | other issues such as Google's position of power than the issues
         | you brought up here.
         | 
         | Chrome on Android has never supported addons, and now with
         | Google spear heading changes such as manifest v3, I would
         | consider these worse than decisions Mozilla have made with
         | Firefox. You fail to mention decisions such as Mozilla's
         | continued investment into tracking protection, which have been
         | inheriting protections originating from the Tor Browser
         | project.
         | 
         | I think the reasons why Mozilla have decided to slowly
         | reintroduce addons to their new Android release should be
         | considered. Their efforts to work with uBlock Origin to create
         | a better mobile interface seems to point towards a desire for
         | quality control, one that Google avoids with Chrome on Android
         | altogether.
        
       | wooger wrote:
       | Wait, what? People run anti-virus on Macs? What proportion of the
       | userbase is this?
       | 
       | It's good to hear from Mozilla doing some browser developmenmt,
       | and not making bizarre political announcements that an
       | authoritarian shutdown of a social network by a cartel of tech
       | giants is "not enough".
        
         | EE84M3i wrote:
         | Many enterprises require some form of anti-virus on all
         | endpoints, including macs.
        
       | fernly wrote:
       | What an interesting and informative article! Nicely done!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | r00fus wrote:
       | > The Apple Silicon chips are one of the first desktop chips that
       | are a heterogeneous design with distinct performance and
       | efficiency cores. We're revising much of our core threading and
       | thread pooling architecture to handle the distinction better,
       | improve efficiency, and eventually be able to schedule less
       | performance-critical tasks on the efficiency cores.
       | 
       | I found this bit interesting. Likely more prevalent in mobile
       | apps, but perhaps shifting desktop code to Big.Little approach
       | and using core affinity will result in a lot less wasted energy.
        
       | chris_wot wrote:
       | As they linked to the LibreOffice bug that we hit,[1] it might be
       | worthwhile explaining how the cross platform architecture works
       | in LibreOffice.
       | 
       | The widgeting/graphics library is actually run by something
       | called VCL (the Visual Component Library). It's a bit of a mess
       | to be honest, but the simplified version is that there is a class
       | called OutputDevice that the rest of the app uses, which
       | basically acts as a fascade over a platform specific class called
       | SalGraphics (there are a number of other platform specific
       | classes, SalGraphics is what I focus on here).
       | 
       | Basically it is a class that implements a bunch of primitive
       | drawing functions which call on abstract functions. We then
       | implement these functions in a platform specific class.
       | 
       | To see the guts of the Mac class, see AquaSalGraphics [2] - and
       | no, none of know why it was named "Aqua"... our codebase is
       | _old_.
       | 
       | FWIW, OutputDevice has serious issues. I have detailed them in a
       | mailing list post. [3]
       | 
       | 1. https://bugs.documentfoundation.org/show_bug.cgi?id=138122
       | 
       | 2.
       | https://opengrok.libreoffice.org/xref/core/vcl/inc/quartz/sa...
       | 
       | 3.
       | https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/libreoffice/2020-Dece...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hutattedonmyarm wrote:
         | > and no, none of know why it was named "Aqua"... our codebase
         | is old.
         | 
         | The macOS UI is called Aqua, and has been for quite a while!
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua_(user_interface)
        
       | johndoe42377 wrote:
       | What porting? Isn't C++ the most portable language in existence?
       | Oh, there is also Rust. But isn't it just uses an LLVM codegen,
       | same as Swift or clang? So, there is Rust's stdlib.
       | 
       | Seems like these abstractions are not exactly zero-cost?
        
         | spijdar wrote:
         | > But isn't it just uses an LLVM codegen, same as Swift or
         | clang?
         | 
         | It's more complicated than that. I've been involved in a
         | project (bootstrapping little-endian 32 bit PowerPC on linux)
         | which needed a rust port. I didn't work on that, but from what
         | I saw, it's at best a major nuisance, possibly a nightmare when
         | something breaks. This may be a bad example since
         | darwin/aarch64 is a more sane target, but still. ;-)
         | 
         | More importantly I guess, Firefox has some reeeeaally old
         | platform specific cruft and some really rusty (hah!) ABI-glue
         | stuff lying around. Stuff like the Netscape Portable Runtime.
         | There's still code in Firefox from back when it ran on HP PA-
         | RISC. There's even code for IBM Z mainframes in there. Really
         | glossing over details, but there are some inner mechanisms that
         | are very platform specific and need at least some custom code
         | for each OS + CPU combo.
        
       | markdog12 wrote:
       | Got a kick out of one of the bugzilla links:
       | 
       | https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=34572
       | 
       | "Use native context menus on Mac OS"
       | 
       | "Opened 21 years ago"
        
         | mlindner wrote:
         | Lol wow. When I first read that bug when I read the article my
         | brain automatically translated that to "21 days ago" as it
         | viewed "21 years" to be impossible.
        
         | sedatk wrote:
         | Aesthetics aside, is there anything Firefox's context menu
         | lacks because it's non-native? Like accessibility features and
         | such?
        
           | dsjoerg wrote:
           | Speech. and the whole Services ecosystem.
        
           | bobbylarrybobby wrote:
           | Unlike native right click menus, Firefox's don't let you type
           | to select an option after right clicking. Right clicking text
           | in Firefox also displays a different set of options from the
           | standard textual right click menu which is pretty annoying if
           | you're used to the standard one that appears in literally
           | every other app (for instance, the native one lets you right
           | click a misspelled word to select a correction).
           | 
           | This is one of those rare instances of "no, it's not just
           | different, it's actually much worse".
        
           | pfranz wrote:
           | Look Up "[selection]" constantly bugs me. I constantly use it
           | to define words. I feel like there are others that come up
           | periodically. It sounds pedantic, but it's enough of a pain
           | point that I'm itching to switch browsers.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Wow - that bug can now legally drink in all 50 states!
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Not until April 5th.
        
           | nichos wrote:
           | But it can go to war and get married the past 3 years!
        
         | partlysean wrote:
         | It's little things like this that keep me from using Firefox.
         | Context menus, various micro-interactions, visual design
         | decisions--they all feel so non-native.
        
           | cle wrote:
           | I don't really care much about the native menus, but the non-
           | native scrolling in Firefox drives me nuts.
           | 
           | Granted neither of these are deal breakers for me. I don't
           | use Firefox b/c of pretty context menus.
        
           | hrktb wrote:
           | I feel your pain.
           | 
           | But also ended up completely moving out of most "native"
           | tools for a reason or another (from TextMate to VSCode, Mail
           | to Gmail tab, FaceTime to Skype/Meet etc.). At this point
           | deep platform integration looks more like exceptions than the
           | norm, for the better or worse. There are things that I kind
           | of hate in a lot of Apple product (Safari included), which
           | make Firefox's approach a decent tradeoff.
        
           | afandian wrote:
           | What else do you use?
           | 
           | Last time I used Chrome they pretty much reimplemented
           | everything from buttons to modal sheets.
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | There are so many things that are different between different
           | apps and different OS and I've used many of them. Minor
           | variations like this are just to be expected and I don't feel
           | thrown when I see something different.
        
           | SulfurHexaFluri wrote:
           | I'm using firefox on macos right now and I can't see what the
           | issue is. The the menus show up in the main top bar like
           | every other app. Am I missing something?
        
             | ianlevesque wrote:
             | Yes.
        
             | bzb6 wrote:
             | I know of a lot of people like that, when presented with
             | very illogical UI decisions, or controls that look
             | absolutely nothing like the rest of the system, they just
             | cannot see what the issue is. I wonder if it's poor
             | eyesight, lack of attention, or whatever.
        
               | wtetzner wrote:
               | I suspect it's that they don't care. It's not an issue
               | for them because they don't use the missing native
               | functionality anyway.
               | 
               | Also, if you frequently use cross platform software on
               | multiple platforms, it's possible consistency within the
               | app is more important than consistently with the OS.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | And thanks to the 'native ui' purists which you can never
               | satisfy, now we are drowning in webapps and electron. How
               | native does thst feel?
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | People that come from a Linux desktop background seem to
               | be immune to these things. The rough sandpaper that is
               | open source UI will eventually wear anyone's awareness
               | down.
        
             | dstaley wrote:
             | Pretty sure this bug is about the right-click menu.
        
               | SulfurHexaFluri wrote:
               | I just checked again and the firefox one looks so close
               | to the native right click that I can hardly tell the
               | difference other than it not supporting dark mode
        
       | loufe wrote:
       | We talk often on this forum of how innaccessible giants like
       | Google and Amazon are for the little guy. I thus found this point
       | particularly interesting:
       | 
       | >"Attempts to contact the vendor through regular support channels
       | were unsuccessful so we ended up searching LinkedIn and managed
       | to find an engineer working on the core antivirus detection. They
       | immediately understood the seriousness of the problem and took
       | prompt action to get a fix shipped, thus preventing quite the
       | disaster for the users of this product. It's notable that without
       | this last-ditch effort we would have been effectively blocked
       | from releasing a native Apple Silicon version for an indefinite
       | period."
        
         | oauea wrote:
         | Surprising they even went through with that. Personally I'd
         | have said fuck it, blamed Apple and moved on with my life.
         | 
         | If Apple wants to create incompatible hardware, let them put
         | the effort & money into fixing the software, if they want the
         | software on their platform.
        
           | m_st wrote:
           | Though I get your point, in this particular case it was the
           | antivirus company that was the problem. Not Apple.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dubcanada wrote:
         | Obviously there is more to it then what I am going to say, and
         | who knows with remote workers where people are.
         | 
         | But Apple and Mozilla headquarters are 5 miles apart (roughly).
         | Couldn't you just walk/drive/scoot/fly/what ever over and talk
         | to someone?
        
           | djrogers wrote:
           | Setting aside that the problem with AV had nothing to do with
           | Apple, for the most part nobody was working at either of
           | those offices over the summer (2020, remember?). Also, which
           | of Apple's 130+ Silicon Valley offices are you going to go
           | to, and who do you ask for when you get there?
        
           | dak1 wrote:
           | It sounds like this was an issue with an independent
           | antivirus vendor, not Apple.
        
           | dblohm7 wrote:
           | Also, pandemic, remote workers, etc. gcp and the engineers
           | who worked on this do not live in SV.
        
           | milkytron wrote:
           | I'd imagine that security and the front desk are going to
           | prevent anyone from entering to meet with specific teams or
           | individuals without an appointment.
           | 
           | If you knew someone and had scheduled time with them, then
           | yeah I'm sure you could hoverboard your way over.
        
         | meibo wrote:
         | The antivirus industry is the biggest player of the modern
         | adware/malware crisis.
         | 
         | The dark patterns used in software like AVG and avast, both
         | making every system I see them on so slow that they might as
         | well be unusable, are all focused on getting more installs, be
         | it to force people into getting whatever "premium" subscription
         | or harvesting data(e.g. attaching themselves to every sent
         | email like a _virus_ ).
         | 
         | There are very few that I could actually recommend, like
         | Malwarebytes - for most users, Windows Defender will be more
         | than enough nowadays. I haven't used a mac in a while, do you
         | actually need AV on them today?
        
           | sjg007 wrote:
           | I mean there is mac malware and some of it is quite
           | sophisticated. The compiled apple script bitcoin miner being
           | one of the more ingenious ones. But those were distributed
           | through pirated applications. There are probably a few zero
           | days as well that maybe an AVE package could help stop if a
           | signature is rapidly distributed. Ignoring the fact that the
           | AV engine itself is a target too.
           | 
           | Most people using only the app store helps cut that down.
        
             | wlesieutre wrote:
             | The one in recent memory for me is the KeRanger ransomware
             | that was distributed in the official Transmission
             | installer.
             | 
             | https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/new-os-x-ransomware-
             | kera...
             | 
             |  _> Transmission representative John Clay told Reuters via
             | email that the ransomware was added to disk-image of its
             | software after the project's server was compromised in a
             | cyber attack._
             | 
             |  _> "We're not commenting on the avenue of attack, other
             | than to say that it was our main server that was
             | compromised," he said. "The normal disk image (was)
             | replaced by the compromised one."_
        
               | setpatchaddress wrote:
               | Just to answer the original question: that's an example
               | of something Apple handled -- no external AV required.
        
               | wlesieutre wrote:
               | Yes, although it snuck by Gatekeeper to begin with by
               | being signed by another developer account.
               | 
               | Would make it past Apple's new notarization scheme these
               | days?
        
           | climb_stealth wrote:
           | If anyone ever tries to install Sophos on your Mac, do your
           | best to avoid it. Corporate IT seems to like it. It slows
           | everything down. It's a nightmare to get rid off again.
           | 
           | The problem is for a lot of jobs you don't get a choice. The
           | employer enforces it, no dark patterns necessary. And then
           | you end up with a computer that is 70% busy doing AV-stuff
           | and leaving 30% for actual work.
        
           | sam_goody wrote:
           | > There are very few that I could actually recommend, like
           | Malwarebytes
           | 
           | Malwarebytes installs a program with elevated privileges that
           | starts on boot and always runs in the background, and
           | regularly sends data home - despite that it is an ON DEMAND
           | scanner.
           | 
           | I have written to the company to understand this virus-like
           | behavior, and have gotten no response.
           | 
           | Do you have a reason to trust them?
        
             | meibo wrote:
             | Commercial Malwarebytes isn't on-demand, it's an actual
             | anti-exploit/rootkit solution. I assume the free version,
             | which only has the on-demand features, comes with these
             | components anyways? Might explain that behavior.
             | 
             | My reason to trust them is that they seem to be generally
             | respected still, I've been using them for a long time and
             | they've yet to start annoying me with dark patterns and
             | upsells - of course that's not a super great indicator.
        
             | 3395810 wrote:
             | The free version of MBAM is an old-demand scanner but the
             | paid version has "active" protections.
        
           | lizknope wrote:
           | My work laptop runs Windows. It runs Outlook, Chrome, Slack,
           | and Exceed to connect to a remote Linux server where I do all
           | of my work. At random times throughout the day the fan will
           | get really loud. When I run the process viewer tool during
           | this time I see things using 100% CPU. It's a Core i5-8350U
           | with 8GB RAM and during these times it gets almost unusable.
           | I've googled a few of them and they always seem to be
           | antivirus things.
           | 
           | At home I have over 8 Linux machines and the only times their
           | fans get louder are when I am actually running a video
           | encoding program or something CPU intensive like that. Some
           | of them are slower with only 4GB RAM and they are always
           | responsive.
        
             | floatboth wrote:
             | The built-in Windows Defender is absolutely painful on low
             | end machines. Yours should be absolutely fine, but on a
             | 2010 macbook with an ancient core2duo and 2gb ram, it's
             | _very_ noticeable.
        
               | mr_toad wrote:
               | I have an i7 with 16GB of RAM and when Defender and
               | update both decide to run at the same time it cripples
               | the machine for half an hour.
        
               | fomine3 wrote:
               | "i7 CPU" is totally zero informative for now. It's vary
               | from 2core 1GHz (ancient i7 620UM) to 18 core.
        
               | kiwijamo wrote:
               | That is strange. Until fairly recently my daily driver
               | was a low end ex-lease HP machine from 2013 or so with an
               | i3 with 4gigs of RAM. Never saw much issue with Defender
               | or the updates. Not unusual for updates of any kind to be
               | all over and done with in <5mins from clicking update to
               | a fully usable desktop. Win10 has improved a heck of a
               | lot over previous versions even on old hardware. My work-
               | supplied Mac on the other hand, even with much better
               | specs than my lowly home machine, usually takes at least
               | 30mins to do updates (with most of the time spent during
               | the reboot which means I can't use it at all). One of
               | many reasons why I moved away from Apple for my own
               | hardware.
        
               | zaphirplane wrote:
               | Out of interest why is the performance of a basic a/v be
               | affected by "older" cpu.
               | 
               | Isn't it basically finger printing files and intercepting
               | IO and so the resources it uses just depends on the
               | activity of the device not the age of the CPU
        
           | Merad wrote:
           | > There are very few that I could actually recommend, like
           | Malwarebytes
           | 
           | This used to be the case, but the commercial/enterprise cloud
           | version of MBAM (required by my company) is godawful. It
           | seems to call out to its cloud back end every time an
           | executable launches, and it murders performance. It's most
           | obvious in terminals when it causes a simple command that
           | should run in < 1 second to take 4-5 seconds.
        
           | bostik wrote:
           | > * The antivirus industry is the biggest player of the
           | modern adware/malware crisis.*
           | 
           | This is so true it hurts. Veracode releases an annual report
           | ("State of Software Security"), part as marketing material,
           | part as an industry insight leaflet. The worst offenders for
           | software security and defect rate are, year after year,
           | security products.
           | 
           | As an infosec veteran, it's obvious to me that the "industry"
           | at large is not obeying the rules they set for others. The
           | shoemaker's children have no feet.
        
         | ksec wrote:
         | >It's notable that without this last-ditch effort we would have
         | been effectively blocked from releasing a native Apple Silicon
         | version for an indefinite period."
         | 
         | And they are Mozilla. Imagine Indies.
         | 
         | The Modern Day Apple requires you to get some Mainstream Media
         | publish about How Apple block Open Sources Software to be
         | running on M1 before Apple saw the PR damage and start acting
         | on it.
        
           | mlyle wrote:
           | This was about Cylance being jerks, not Apple. I've fought
           | Cylance quite a bit on Windows for flagging open source
           | software as malware, too (and they fail to respond / fix).
        
             | account42 wrote:
             | So what do you do if an antivirus vendor is uncooperative?
             | Can you sue them for defamation?
        
         | GekkePrutser wrote:
         | Even working for a big multinational with a big tailored
         | support contact, support from our major IT services vendor is
         | abysmal. It's not just the little guys that have trouble.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | Oh wow. So in this case, a foundation with roughly half a
         | billion in revenue per year is still somewhat of a little guy,
         | at least for the standard process. I'm curious which antivirus
         | vendor it was. Mozilla did eject a few extensions written by
         | antivirus vendors in 2019, probably for good reasons.
        
         | m_st wrote:
         | I once did the same with Microsoft Windows 8 (or 8.1) keyboard
         | layout changes breaking old software. You'd think they don't
         | suddenly change from '.' to ',' as decimal separator. But
         | that's what they did. And so did Apple more years ago by the
         | way, even resulting in a calculator that couldn't be used
         | anymore with the numeric keypad.
         | 
         | Anyway, found a guy working on keyboard layout stuff at
         | Microsoft through LinkedIn as the other support channels were
         | non-responsive. Unfortunately he just confirmed the change if I
         | remember correctly. But at least we knew what was coming.
        
         | TwoBit wrote:
         | AV vendors and software are cancer.
        
         | dpkonofa wrote:
         | I'm not sure I follow. Why would an anti-virus product
         | accidentally flagging their Universal Binary block them from
         | releasing a native Apple Silicon version? Of all the Macs in
         | use, I'd have to imagine that only a small percentage are using
         | that specific anti-virus software much less any anti-virus
         | software at all. It might cause them some headaches with
         | specific people who are using that software but why extend that
         | all the way to blocking the release indefinitely?
        
         | ttflee wrote:
         | The issue itself sounds like a prologue for an A.I. dystopian
         | story.
        
         | gigatexal wrote:
         | It's not like Mozilla is a nobody software outfit. For this to
         | be what they had to do go get someone's attention at Apple is
         | terrible.
        
           | lambada wrote:
           | It wasn't Apple they were trying to contact, it was a random
           | anti-virus vendor who were flagging all new Universal
           | Binaries as malware.
        
             | gigatexal wrote:
             | Doh! My bad
        
         | robin_reala wrote:
         | I guess this was Cylance: I ran into this one on my work laptop
         | with Firefox Nightly and managed to get it escalated internally
         | from us too.
        
         | jmull wrote:
         | They are being very careful not to identify the anti-virus
         | vendor.
         | 
         | So it's hard to tell if the size of the vendor is the issue
         | here.
        
         | selykg wrote:
         | My experience working with antivirus vendors is... not good.
         | 
         | Product I used to work on had frequent false positives from
         | antivirus software marking certain files as having some malware
         | or whatever in it.
         | 
         | It's super unpleasant trying to get those changes pushed out.
         | Glad that they were able to get some resolution quickly,
         | usually that isn't the case, at least in my experience.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | I was a back channel route to engineering at a company I worked
         | for a while. A few of the engineers trusted me and a couple
         | select customers / sales guys knew they could come to me to run
         | a bug by me 'in theory' and if we had enough information I
         | could unofficially run it by engineering without going through
         | the song and dance of the typical support channels.
         | 
         | I could get a quick ya or nay form them on some things and it
         | was so much faster for everyone involved.
         | 
         | If it was a ya, I knew we had something, still more work to do
         | but the case would skyrocket through the usual channels and
         | engineering was engaged and ready.
         | 
         | If it was a nay, the usual channels it went and everyone was ok
         | with that.
         | 
         | The engineers would give me a few minutes knowing I wasn't
         | going to bring them poorly thought out garbage, I would limit
         | the rate of these special situations, and special customers /
         | sales guys could get the job done way faster.
         | 
         | It was a well known process by those who knew about it... but
         | not everyone knew.
        
           | zerkten wrote:
           | This exists in almost every company by design. Engineering
           | teams wouldn't make any progress towards their mission if
           | they are constantly dealing with outside interruptions, but
           | at the same time there are things which should be qualified.
           | 
           | Customer support is a cost center and the focus is on
           | mitigating the cost of providing that support. If you fail to
           | do this you can burn through a lot of cash quickly. What
           | management needs to realize is that this is also an important
           | interface point which requires attention. This doesn't happen
           | at all, or is inconsistent.
           | 
           | It's important for at least the following to happen:
           | 
           | 1. Bad issues that engineering will fix don't get stuck in
           | support.
           | 
           | 2. Product management review and respond to feature requests,
           | or enable support to respond to customers.
           | 
           | 3. Support have a reasonable level of technical and
           | communication skill, and are empowered to answer for the
           | company.
           | 
           | 4. The organization works through rather than around support.
           | 
           | What I've always found interesting, is that all of these are
           | often failing in some way at the same time in an organization
           | of any size.
           | 
           | Your role as the back channel is helping to provide some
           | coherence here. However, things can go bad if you left.
           | Inevitably, this is the fault of the company, but when I've
           | found myself in this position I've tried to "promote" people
           | in support to take the lead on this role. Further,
           | formalizing the special request process to be minimally
           | tracked helps visibility with my manager and others.
           | Eventually managers ask why you have become a gopher.
           | 
           | Improving the workflow often involves helping support build
           | relationships with engineering. Management can buy in if
           | support attrition is high (it often is if there is a limited
           | career ladder for support) and it can also improve their
           | perception when people are focused on trimming support cost.
        
             | magicalhippo wrote:
             | > Customer support is a cost center
             | 
             | For us, great customer support is one of our stronger sales
             | arguments. In fact we've not had to push hard on sales due
             | to our customers calling former colleagues who moved to a
             | competitor to tell them "you have got to get this
             | software". Having great support has been key to this
             | experience.
             | 
             | Most of our support people have been recruited from our
             | customers, so they know not just our software well but the
             | processes and regulations around it, allowing them to
             | quickly understand the issue at hand and offer relevant
             | help.
             | 
             | So while it might look like a cost center on paper, I'm
             | quite certain it's a massive net gain overall.
             | 
             | Of course as you say, we work hard to mitigate the cost of
             | providing that support, like routinely looking at
             | implementing changes that'll reduce repeat support issues.
             | Maybe as simple as reworking a dialog text, to adding more
             | automation.
        
             | cosmie wrote:
             | > What management needs to realize is that this is also an
             | important interface point which requires attention. This
             | doesn't happen at all, or is inconsistent.
             | 
             | > What I've always found interesting, is that all of these
             | are often failing in some way at the same time in an
             | organization of any size.
             | 
             | The formalization of it is frequently the cause of it
             | failing or being inconsistent. Once it's a workflow that's
             | explicitly acknowledged and condoned by management, it will
             | start to lose its effectiveness. As an official express
             | lane between customers and engineering, every account/sales
             | person will become aware of it and overload it, either in
             | the general course of supporting their client portfolio as
             | much as possible, or even worse, by making this internal
             | express route known to clients, as they can get incremental
             | revenue by branding it as a "VIP Support" service or to
             | make at-risk clients feel special. Which will eventually
             | end up in actual client contracts in some form or another,
             | opening the door to client abuse (or misuse) as well as
             | causing legit cases that would have gone through this
             | implicit channel to get routed to and trapped in normal
             | support because the client at hand didn't pay up for the
             | express lane.
             | 
             | You've also replaced a channel built off of relationships
             | and mutual trust/respect into one based on official
             | responsibilities and inertia, and all the hazards that
             | entails. Such as political/managerial turf wars that add
             | friction to the process, as well as cost minimization
             | efforts that deskill the role over time and profit
             | maximization efforts that overwhelm the capacity of the
             | role, alienating the engineering team and undermining the
             | entire intent.
             | 
             | ... not to say it's impossible. But that's generally why
             | you'll see it failing in some capacity any time you witness
             | it, because it's almost impossible to maintain equilibrium
             | the moment you officiate it.
             | 
             | An alternative that tends to be more lasting is for
             | management to _actively facilitate organic growth_ of these
             | sorts of things. Enable and encourage and provide
             | opportunities for inter-departmental relationships and
             | lines of communications to form. That way there is no
             | single "back channel", and organic lines of communication
             | between different parts of the org are robust against the
             | loss of a single node.
        
             | coliveira wrote:
             | The biggest problem we have in software engineering is the
             | lack of support staff. You don't think a civil engineer has
             | to deal with minutiae of paperwork, but software engineers
             | for some strange reason think it is ok to be inundated by
             | clerical work all the time. The industry eventually must
             | evolve to create software assistants capable of running
             | code, triaging bugs, etc.
        
               | duxup wrote:
               | It's funny you mention that. I was a support drone when I
               | was in the situation I described above.
               | 
               | But support being support ... it is eventually devalued
               | and I chose to learn to code to move out of those types
               | of roles.
               | 
               | When I moved on (through a somewhat handy acquisition and
               | layoff and etc) some engineers reached out to me to join
               | the support team there.... but I was done with support
               | (and other factors).
        
               | techsupporter wrote:
               | > The industry eventually must evolve to create software
               | assistants capable of running code, triaging bugs, etc.
               | 
               | In my opinion, we had this. They were your senior support
               | staff or were operations; some companies combined this
               | into a formal role called "Support" or "Service"
               | "Operations."
               | 
               | But then we as an industry decided that operations is
               | bad[0] and if you write the code then you can obviously
               | test the code, deploy the code, maintain the code, and
               | support the code. Then every Hip And Cool Start-Up
               | adopted the model of "sysadmins and support staff are bad
               | because we've had bad experiences in the past so we will
               | also have our devs talk directly to customers until they
               | get tired of doing that and we just replace it with a
               | contact form encumbered by CAPTCHA and a no-reply e-mail
               | address."
               | 
               | As someone who has greatly enjoyed, been very good, and
               | very well paid (so my employers agreed that I was good at
               | it), at support and operations roles only to see them
               | disappear into the inky void of Everyone Codes All Of The
               | Time, I am both biased and frustrated.
               | 
               | 0 - Because money, I suspect.
        
               | tylerfontaine wrote:
               | There are still lots of good support organizations out
               | there, and not every place looks at support as a burden.
               | It's a pretty critical piece in the "new" 'as a service'
               | world, helping folks use complex systems that they don't
               | control, etc.
               | 
               | I've been heavy in the data space, and get to do some
               | fascinating work with folks, helping design data models,
               | implement analysis, and other things in a wide variety of
               | verticals. It's support, so sometimes there's some more
               | tedious things too - there's no avoiding that. :)
               | 
               | But, and perhaps I'm biased, it's still a great career
               | path, even if it's not as flash as "code all the time"
               | work.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | I think this is an indictment of the lack of
               | organizational skills in the area of software
               | engineering. It is still an industry run by the sit of
               | their pants. There is no clear separation of
               | responsibilities and everyone wants to do everything (and
               | usually badly).
        
             | jkaptur wrote:
             | The binary distinction between "cost centers" and "profit
             | centers" has always seemed arbitrary to me (especially
             | since, as an engineer, I've been in both without my work
             | being substantially different).
             | 
             | To be frank, it seems like an organizational way to say "we
             | don't find this work to be valuable or interesting, and
             | we'd like to do the bare minimum of it - in fact, we'd like
             | to unleash smart people to explore new frontiers of just
             | how minimal the bare minimum could possibly be."
             | 
             | It seems like this leads to incredibly predictable
             | problems: brain drain, demoralized workers, the bare
             | minimum being aimed for and not actually being achieved,
             | etc.
             | 
             | I feel like a better organization has no "cost centers" -
             | every single role at the company contributes to the mission
             | and to the bottom line. If they didn't, that position
             | wouldn't exist.
             | 
             | What am I missing?
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Not much.
               | 
               | "Cost center" can be transformed into something else
               | given both an understanding that support can and should
               | contribute to future sales, and an organization capable
               | of putting that understanding to work.
               | 
               | I have seen a similar scenario in manufacturing where
               | various setup, prep, quality tasks are seen as cost
               | centers and minimized.
               | 
               | Doing this kind of thing has ripple costs. Always.
               | 
               | In a perfect world, we make software, or hardware, and it
               | just works and people grok it.
               | 
               | In the one we live in, these are fantasies and we can
               | choose to understand, recognize the value, or not and get
               | the benefits or not.
               | 
               | The users, customers, move from role to role, and support
               | often determines their willingness to use the product
               | again. That is straight up powerful marketing by
               | referral.
               | 
               | Support often is the first to understand a user, customer
               | needs an option too, or add on, replacement, preventative
               | maintenance. Done right, these leads into lean,
               | consistent sales.
               | 
               | "Cost center" to me has always been a bit silly in this
               | way. There is opportunity to add value throughout the
               | chain of people, process, machines, systems that are all
               | necessary to properly conceive, realize and deliver
               | something to others.
               | 
               | One thing often missed along with failing to understand
               | value is failing to ask to be compensated for it.
               | 
               | Doing things in a robust, high value for the dollar way
               | is not the cheapest way, in terms of raw product price,
               | and depending, size of margin.
               | 
               | But, we do get what we pay for too, and the lowest price
               | often comes with externalities paid by both the
               | enterprise and its customers too.
               | 
               | Sometimes I see this all framed as a luxury. That is just
               | as much of an error, and does come with unnecessary costs
               | and or poor alignment with actual value.
        
               | Gene_Parmesan wrote:
               | Our support team is not technical in any way (they are
               | support for our entire moderately sized membership-based
               | nonprofit), but they are consistently a source of
               | extremely high quality feedback, for the reasons you
               | mentioned.
               | 
               | If there are serious UX issues, your designer might not
               | uncover them, but support will hear about it. If there
               | are edge case performance issues, your dev team might not
               | uncover them but support will hear about it. Very few
               | people know more about how real users interact with your
               | products than support.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Word
               | 
               | I should have included that. Glad you did.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | You're missing the lack of creativity and courage in the
               | managerial class.
               | 
               | Support can very much be a profit center. Support
               | personnel is relatively cheap; if their services are
               | priced correctly, they can easily become a stream of
               | _recurring_ income - and everybody knows that  "recurring
               | income is best income".
               | 
               | However, this requires efficiency and creativity at the
               | managerial level. It's easier to see support as a burden
               | and just work on shrinking its costs, instead of
               | maximizing its revenues by formulating good price plans.
               | The former is an internal effort that is fairly easy to
               | implement in short timeframes and will easily win brownie
               | points with direct superiors (who doesn't like to cut
               | costs?); the latter requires actual pricing skills and
               | market knowledge, and might take a while to get results.
               | The mediocre manager will always prefer the former.
        
               | vegetablepotpie wrote:
               | I feel like this is a double edged sword. Corporations
               | have already embraced this idea of converting cost
               | centers into profit centers and it makes life more
               | difficult for consumers. Every time I call support at my
               | ISP, because my internet is down, they work on my problem
               | and tell me that my plan is slow and that I can upgrade
               | my package for an increase in my bill.
               | 
               | This sets up perverse incentives, that as far as I can
               | tell, are theoretical, but have potential to become more
               | prevalent. Because of the cost center as a profit center
               | idea, my ISP can generate more revenue by providing
               | _less_ value to me. If failing infrastructure causes me
               | to call support more often, and more support calls
               | increase the likelihood of more revenue, why should the
               | ISP invest in better infrastructure?
               | 
               | The key to having a successful business is to carefully
               | align the incentives of specialities in an organization
               | to make the most competitive offerings to the market. If
               | there are competitors, and customers can switch to them,
               | and the competition is more compelling, then I would go
               | to other ISPs.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | I agree that what is good for an individual company is
               | not necessarily good for consumers or the market as a
               | whole, and that there is always a balance to find, but
               | that's another issue. After all, the ideal scenario for a
               | company is to have customers pay for support _without
               | actually using it_ most of the time.
        
               | cat199 wrote:
               | > What am I missing?
               | 
               | not much, or everything -
               | 
               | it's basically an accounting term on how you are tracking
               | an expense and so it is very insightful as to how the
               | effort of your project,group,department etc. is perceived
               | by upper mgmt
               | 
               | so "we don't find this work to be valuable or
               | interesting, and we'd like to do the bare minimum of it -
               | in fact, we'd like to unleash smart people to explore new
               | frontiers of just how minimal the bare minimum could
               | possibly be."
               | 
               | is pretty spot on, if the effort has been (mostly
               | arbitrarily) categorized as such..
               | 
               | when i learned the accounting theory behind it, it
               | suddenly illuminated managment attitudes in
               | current/previous jobs - literally in some orgs overly
               | reliant on this perspective there is literally nothing
               | certain efforts can do through official channels to be
               | viewed as 'valuable' ..
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | There are parts of the business that cannot boost
               | revenue. "Investing" in them doesn't really make sense
               | beyond nominal amounts because the max return they can
               | provide is eliminating themselves.
               | 
               | Unless you're into fraud, "accounting" and "accounts
               | payable" are examples of cost centers. You don't hire a
               | bunch of innovative people to boost it because it's not
               | going to ever increase your revenue.
               | 
               | The distinction is made from a strategic perspective
               | because scaling up "cost centers" should be avoided at
               | all costs and scaling up "profit centers" is something
               | you want to do as much as you can.
               | 
               | It has no overlap with "interesting work". Very often the
               | boring parts of an industry are the profit centers (e.g.
               | in academia the profit comes from packing students into
               | classrooms, not research).
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | _> Unless you're into fraud, "accounting" and "accounts
               | payable" are examples of cost centers. You don't hire a
               | bunch of innovative people to boost it because it's not
               | going to ever increase your revenue._
               | 
               | You're so, so spectacularly _wrong_ on this, I am
               | honestly gasping for air.
               | 
               | Accountants are the only people who know if your company
               | is alive or a walking dead. How do you expect to run a
               | company if you don't know _reliably and with precision_
               | how much money it actually has /makes/spends? Money is
               | the lifeblood of a company! Don't you want to be
               | constantly improving the way you make, spend, and report
               | it to investors and the public?
               | 
               | The biggest companies in the world typically end up with
               | CEOs that come either from sales or from accounting. That
               | is not an accident. Business is about money, and you want
               | smart and innovative people to look after it.
               | Conservative CFOs can be the death knell of a company,
               | among other things.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | > You're so, so spectacularly wrong on this, I am
               | honestly gasping for air.
               | 
               | Calm the fuck down. It's a conversation.
               | 
               | > Accountants are the only people who know if your
               | company is alive or a walking dead. How do you expect to
               | run a company if you don't know reliably and with
               | precision how much money it actually has/makes/spends?
               | Money is the lifeblood of a company! Don't you want to be
               | constantly improving the way you make, spend, and report
               | it to investors and the public?
               | 
               | You entirely missed the point. At no point did I say
               | accounting was not important. I pointed out though that
               | investing more and more into accounting does not boost
               | returns. If that were true, every company could just hire
               | thousands of accountants to boost their profits. This is
               | what separates a cost center from a profit center. Your
               | department provides value in the same way that running
               | water does. It's critical and you don't want to skimp on
               | it, but it's just a part of the business that isn't
               | helping grow the total market capture.
               | 
               | > The biggest companies in the world typically end up
               | with CEOs that come either from sales or from accounting.
               | 
               | Why would you include sales together with accounting?
               | Sales is precisely the opposite of accounting in this
               | regard because it's very easy to tie sales directly to
               | revenue. So easy their compensation is literally based on
               | it.
               | 
               | Not so hot take: CEOs that come from accounting and not a
               | customer-oriented profit center are the worst. They know
               | what the numbers look like but are fundamentally
               | disconnected from why customers give money to the
               | business. Seeing the minutiae of the ins and outs of
               | money gives a super false sense of understanding the
               | business. Accounting CEOs are terrible in any industry
               | that requires innovation or getting ahead of trends.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | I generally agree with you about not dismissing the value
               | of accounting.
               | 
               | However this:
               | 
               | "Accountants are the only people who know if your company
               | is alive or a walking dead."
               | 
               | I disagree with.
               | 
               | A walking dead company is only walking dead until one of
               | its initiatives pays off.
               | 
               | The accountants will only know this _after the fact_ ,
               | whereas numerous other functions may know it to varying
               | degrees of confidence before the fact.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | _> The accountants will only know this after the fact_
               | 
               | The accountants know when your debits have to be repaid,
               | how likely they are to be repaid or refinanced by then,
               | and what the penalty for not doing so will be. I'd argue
               | that, in most cases, nobody employed in the
               | development/production chain will have that information,
               | possibly not even the CEO.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | Sure, but accountants will not know the likelyhood of
               | success of a new product or service, how the features
               | will affect sales, the likelyhood of making large sales,
               | the state of strategic relationships, etc. etc.
               | 
               | Yes, they may have models and estimates, but the real
               | information will be in the hands of those involved
               | directly.
               | 
               | Even things like refinancing and the options for doing so
               | can be affected by things like letters of intent from
               | potential large clients, industry validation, etc.
               | 
               | Just knowing numbers and dates isn't enough.
               | 
               | I'm not saying accounting isn't important, but it just
               | isn't the only source of truth.
        
               | Closi wrote:
               | I also disagree with the "cost centre" view, I think it's
               | often used too simplistically and doesn't account for the
               | fact that all areas should add value _(otherwise you
               | wouldn't have them by design)_.
               | 
               | Some examples (that I have seen in reality):
               | 
               | Finance departments are cost centres, until you give them
               | enough resource and they find you a more efficient tax
               | structure. Cut finance departments start to struggle with
               | things like credit control which affects your revenue.
               | 
               | Distribution Centres are usually seen as a cost centre,
               | until you drop spend and it impacts COGS or customer lead
               | times, or inventory in shops raises because of less
               | frequent deliveries and you get out of stocks.
               | 
               | IT is a cost centre, but when funding is reduced change
               | across the whole business slows and other areas are
               | impacted (eg the customer web experience).
               | 
               | In reality the distinction of "some areas generate
               | profit" and "some areas just cost" isn't true in the end.
               | All areas contribute to profit - some just do so
               | indirectly.
               | 
               | I think the idea of Michael Porters "value chain" is
               | better, where everything contributes to customer value
               | (including indirect functions). The argument this makes
               | is if you see some areas as just cost centres (e.g.
               | fulfilment centres) then you can miss your ability to
               | maximise customer value (e.g. offering faster delivery
               | options).
               | 
               | Even sales people don't usually generate profit on their
               | own because without the other business areas they would
               | be selling hot air.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | They are still cost centers. Being a "cost center" does
               | not mean money can be cut from the department and the
               | business won't suffer. It means that pouring extra money
               | and scaling up the department does not generate more
               | revenue.
        
               | snoshy wrote:
               | I think this is exactly right. However, the question
               | still stands: how does a large tech-focused corporation
               | encourage engineers to pay attention to such requests?
               | 
               | Expecting enough of them to just volunteer their time
               | doesn't appear to be a sustainable answer.
        
               | Closi wrote:
               | Oh, I agree with that - I just disagree with the cost
               | centre view (most of my career has been in logistics
               | which is traditionally a 'cost centre' while at the same
               | time people complain about the service they get! In
               | logistics there is a relationship between service and
               | cost).
               | 
               | I spent a few years in IT as a Product Manager (or a
               | similar role), and I viewed my primary role as protecting
               | my team from the barrage of shit that I got, so that they
               | could focus. This involved making sure I was politically
               | the first point of contact and reducing back-channels
               | (some are fine, but not ones that change functionality,
               | involve significant work or are too distracting),
               | placating the people requesting functionality or fixes by
               | understanding how serious the dependency/issue was,
               | triaging it and either placing it on the roadmap or
               | saying no. We also had an engineering manager that could
               | be the contact for specific bugs who could then triage
               | and pass it on.
        
               | mr_toad wrote:
               | Originally everything was a cost centre, but some
               | rebranded as profit centres, and the PHBs swallowed it.
        
               | julienfr112 wrote:
               | You should have shared you wisdom with Boeing in 2010 ...
        
               | noizejoy wrote:
               | x% of support requests are of questionable nature - to
               | mention just a few categories:
               | 
               | * people expecting to use a sophisticated tool (for doing
               | complex business processes requiring special know-how)
               | without paying for and spending time on adequate
               | training)
               | 
               | * people unwilling to RTFM, google, youtube, etc.
               | 
               | * people whining when a general purpose tool doesn't fit
               | their exact workflow to a tee
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Those are all sales and service opportunities, BTW.
               | 
               | Back in my support role for higher end software, I flat
               | out hit numbers comparable to sales and generated a ton
               | of great leads.
               | 
               | Fact is, people do what they do and they have their
               | reasons.
               | 
               | Judging them and acting on that judgement by
               | marginalizing an important and necessary part of the
               | process has a higher net cost to the world, and often the
               | enterprise, than just doing those things reasonably does.
               | 
               | Net happiness goes up too. True for the enterprise and
               | users, people at large.
        
               | noizejoy wrote:
               | Not all sales and service opportunities have positive ROI
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | There are no free lunches. Expecting otherwise is a very
               | good sign the enterprise is penny wise, pound foolish.
        
               | noizejoy wrote:
               | Not every business environment is captured by grand
               | sweeping general statements. Reality is a lot more
               | nuanced than that.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Precisely.
               | 
               | And the fact is, enterprises seeing to make every support
               | transaction a positive ROI are, in fact and in deed,
               | penny wise and pound foolish.
               | 
               | They will see an opportunity cost due to missed sales
               | opportunity.
               | 
               | They will see greater load due to people using an
               | inferior process and poorly empowered people, repeatedly.
               | 
               | They will see a diminished overall market perception.
               | 
               | Their products will provide less value due to a greater
               | misalignment with both exiating and potential users
               | needs, which drive perception of value, which drives more
               | dollars.
               | 
               | Personally, having been on all sides of this matter, I
               | rank what we are discussing at the very top when
               | considering who I will buy from and or work with.
               | 
               | Flat out, when I see enterprises putting seriously crazy
               | amounts of money in the bank, I accept zero excuses in
               | this regard.
               | 
               | It is not necessary. Lives are short, money hard to come
               | by. Best get solid value for the dollar.
        
               | noizejoy wrote:
               | I generally agree with your arguments when the customers
               | are medium to large businesses - and I assume that's
               | where your experience is. In the consumer and small
               | business space the dynamics are very different.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Been there. They aren't. Some of the mechanics vary, but
               | good service does not.
               | 
               | Right now, I am in the small business space and rock
               | solid support is how we are killing it.
               | 
               | Been there, very large, small, medium, consumer, b2b...
               | 
               | Don't tell me it can't or should not be done when
               | billions land in accounts free and clear.
               | 
               | It can. Should.
               | 
               | I spend with those who get that first and foremost.
        
               | noizejoy wrote:
               | Maybe you should quit your current career arc and help
               | companies change their attitude and thus unearth extra
               | billions in profits?
               | 
               | And I don't mean that cynically - since if it's as easy
               | and guaranteed profitable as you say, why wouldn't you be
               | able to convince numerous CEOs to unearth all of those
               | extra billions?
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | It is all value judgements.
               | 
               | Again, if the priority is to always have a positive ROI,
               | and that metric is computed every quarter, without due
               | and inclusive consideration for externalities?
               | 
               | All the things I discussed here are going to get watered
               | down. And it is always the same priority on max dollars
               | now, max recurring dollars now, and WGIF about the
               | future, others.
               | 
               | Where that happens, so do the things I just said. Not my
               | mess to clean up.
               | 
               | Some enterprises get it. They get my time, attention,
               | dollars and referrals first.
               | 
               | Beyond that? Got better things to do.
               | 
               | Clearly you value things differently. That does not make
               | anything I said wrong.
               | 
               | Take care. You get last word on this.
        
             | indymike wrote:
             | There is a fine line between running interference and sales
             | prevention.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | Yup that's accurate. I was a regular old support drone who
             | had some connections that allowed for some special paths to
             | engineering.
             | 
             | We had 'official' faster escalation paths but those
             | inevitably are determined by $$$ and there's always more
             | ways to measure 'important customer' than can be defined /
             | shown in $$$.
             | 
             | Management was totally aware of it all and supportive.
             | 
             | But eventually I got tired of the land of 'support' and
             | moved on for a variety of reasons, mostly because time and
             | again I saw support treated like the usual 'cost center'
             | and I didn't want to be a part of that.
        
             | InfiniteRand wrote:
             | In my company, there is a blurriness between support and
             | technical sales, and while that can be a little chaotic,
             | one benefit of that approach is support is looked at as a
             | profit center to a degree. This is because the support
             | people keep an eye out on upselling, maintaining
             | subscriptions, and promoting consulting work. We're not
             | obnoxious about it, but there's some awareness that part of
             | the role of support is to promote the long-term growth of
             | the customer relationship and sales.
             | 
             | I think if there was a stricter division between support
             | and technical sales, there would be more of a temptation to
             | focus on burning through support requests as quickly as
             | possible. The flip side of this is that it is easy for us
             | to get bogged down in a complex half-support half-sales
             | opportunity situation and that can sometimes cause other
             | support requests to fall through the cracks.
        
           | tines wrote:
           | Just for reference, the pair is spelled "yea or nay" rather
           | than "ya or nay".
        
           | anonymouse008 wrote:
           | That sounds like a dream career -- any advice getting there
           | when you've hacked on graveyard startups most your life?
        
             | cosmie wrote:
             | Stuff like what the parent described tend to be "on top" of
             | your day job, rather than your actual day job.
             | 
             | Parent likely established a working relationship with
             | individual(s) in engineering organically over time, and at
             | some point leveraged that relationship to ping them about a
             | customer issue that crossed their path and seemed to be an
             | engineering concern vs user-error. That didn't cause waves
             | and went well, and got repeated enough to become an
             | established but unofficial "thing" parent was capable of,
             | and they became known by a few sales/account folks as the
             | go-to person when they felt a situation may warrant that
             | unofficial route.
             | 
             | You _can_ make a career off of doing this sort of thing,
             | but I 'd caution against it. If a company is hiring for
             | specific scenario of "fast lane between client and
             | engineering", the actual job is "support with special
             | escalation privileges, servicing clients splurged for the
             | premium package". You get all the soul-crushing hell of
             | working a normal support role, but with the added benefit
             | of solely servicing clients that expect you to hand them
             | the world because they paid extra for it. Which is far
             | closer to a nightmare than a dream; particularly
             | considering someone working one of these official roles
             | likely has the skills to pivot out of the support org and
             | into the engineering org in some capacity, and drastically
             | increase their salary potential while simultaneously
             | improving their quality of (work) life.
             | 
             | In a more general sense though, pretty much any career
             | benefits from doing what the parent described. It's
             | effectively just flexing your soft skills and establishing
             | relationships with people outside of your immediate
             | sphere/department. Which has a tendency to make it easier
             | for you to get things done, and garnering a reputation to
             | that effect.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | It wasn't an official job.
             | 
             | I was a regular support drone as far as anyone knew.
             | 
             | I just had some connections that came about because I could
             | be discrete and the engineers understood that I didn't
             | bring them garbage too early (without enough information)
             | or without good reason.
        
               | macksd wrote:
               | And this is why it's important to recognize and retain
               | people who get the right things done. One does not simply
               | backfill a support position and replace someone who has
               | built up the internal AND external reputation and
               | relationships required for issues like this to get fast-
               | tracked and fixed in a way that makes everyone happy.
        
             | dingaling wrote:
             | Soft skills are key; getting to know key people, and their
             | responsibilities and capabilities and personalities.
             | 
             | But above all: be a good listener. Listen to what they say,
             | think about it and build it on next time you talk with
             | them. If they see you showing interest and learning about
             | their domain, you'll get a direct line to them. And don't
             | always bring them problems, be sure to stroke their ego too
             | by asking what they're working on.
             | 
             | It doesn't happen overnight, it requires perserverence and
             | a dollop of luck. You won't walk into a job like that, it
             | takes years of building a reputation for yourself.
        
         | e40 wrote:
         | This really bugs me about Apple. We had the DTK (pre-release
         | hardware for the M1). We got into trouble with an upgrade from
         | beta2 to beta10 and the machine was bricked. Everywhere we
         | turned, we were told to use the developer forums. We did. There
         | were no responses there and I didn't see anyone but customer
         | helping customers.
         | 
         | So, since we're an Apple developer, we decided we would use one
         | of our DTS (developer technical support) tickets. Nope. Pre-
         | release anything is not supported.
         | 
         | So, we ended up waiting for release, bought a new M1 mini and
         | then started our porting effort. Then, we ran into problems and
         | used one of our DTS incidents and we got some help. However, we
         | lost months.
        
           | jarjoura wrote:
           | beta 10 also bricked my DTK unit as well. Total paper weight
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | I don't have a bricked DTK, but the last seven builds or so
           | kernel panic every few hours of use. It's kind of sad to see
           | where the program is now...
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | If Mozilla can't get a hold of anyone...
         | 
         | 20 years ago Google would have sent someone to Mozilla HQ for a
         | week to work on stuff
        
           | OnlyMortal wrote:
           | Apple did this when transitioning from CodeWarrior to the GNU
           | chain. Apple had to apply patches to the C++ compiler for the
           | company I was at.
        
             | zerkten wrote:
             | This is surprisingly common for large companies. It often
             | isn't formalized because no one wants to dedicate engineers
             | to going onsite with customers.
             | 
             | Often the expert is too valuable to give up, or is a poor
             | choice for customer engagement. If you have a consulting
             | team, they may lack the experience needed, or reputation,
             | that the customer wants. As soon as you send the expert
             | onsite, you will have a challenge not sending them at a
             | later time. This scares off engineering managers from
             | lending their engineers because inevitably they have to
             | fight off the requests.
             | 
             | The better workflow is one where you can send a less
             | expensive resource (however you measure it) onsite and have
             | them work remotely with the expert. If you can stick with
             | that you often end up with the onsite person leveling up
             | their skills and the ability to re-engage in a scalable
             | manner. Any engagement needs prep before the onsite, a plan
             | for escalation when onsite, and a disengagement plan.
        
               | OnlyMortal wrote:
               | It was Agfa in Antwerp. Their guy was very polite but I
               | had to explain to him what was going wrong. I think he
               | was more tech support than anything else.
               | 
               | Edit: Apple also had to change the linker for the sake of
               | Macromedia's monolithic applications. Another story
               | though.
        
           | vlovich123 wrote:
           | This is the problem with jumping to conclusions from a vague
           | excerpt. The vendor is some random anti-virus vendor and if
           | you know what trying to get a handle there means....
           | 
           | > More of a concern was user reports that some antivirus
           | software was flagging all our Universal Binaries as malware,
           | and corrupting the Firefox installation the moment the update
           | arrived.
           | 
           | > The software was using machine learning techniques and
           | presumably observed that our combined Universal Binaries
           | didn't quite look like any other legitimate software it had
           | ever seen before.
           | 
           | > Attempts to contact the vendor through regular support
           | channels were unsuccessful so we ended up searching LinkedIn
           | and managed to find an engineer working on the core antivirus
           | detection.
        
             | rebelwebmaster wrote:
             | It was Cylance made by Blackberry.
        
               | cozzyd wrote:
               | Their website is... blech.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | I had an awful experience with Cylance and some open
               | source software I maintained, too-- false positive
               | detections, and they wouldn't fix it.
        
         | drewg123 wrote:
         | I was doing Mac drivers about a decade ago, and some of the
         | dumbest and most ignorant questions on the kernel and drivers
         | mailing lists came from A/V folks. Things like "my machine
         | locks up when our software does X", where it was clear that X
         | was blocking the entire kernel waiting for a userpace thread.
         | Ugh.
         | 
         | I've resolved to never, ever run A/V software on any machine I
         | control based on the quality of those devs.
        
           | 2Gkashmiri wrote:
           | how do you "secure" machines if they are windows ones and
           | dumb people plugin flash drives and click on big shiny
           | download ram buttons. genuinely curious.
        
             | icebraining wrote:
             | One way to do it is to whitelist all binaries in the
             | system, and sandbox all applications (to prevent chances of
             | a malicious PDF/image/etc abusing a buggy application).
        
               | 2Gkashmiri wrote:
               | can you do that on windows? every single exe, every
               | process?
        
           | slim wrote:
           | because A/V folks are hackers, not engineers. hackers do
           | impressive things without reading the fucking manual. that's
           | why they can break seemingly unbreakable things. but on the
           | surface, to the engineer, they seem uncompetent.
        
       | masklinn wrote:
       | > Apple introduced a translation cache that likely removes this
       | overhead completely for most applications but it does not work
       | for code that is output by a JIT. With the native build, this
       | second translation is avoided completely and we're back to having
       | a snappy browser.
       | 
       | Indeed while Rosetta does have support for JITs (which is really
       | impressive in and of itself), every piece of machine code
       | generated by the JIT has to be translated on the fly.
       | 
       | While the hiccup at the initial run is not too costly / annoying
       | for a regular application being AOT-compiled in its entirety and
       | Apple can then shove the result somewhere nearby, for a JIT it's
       | basically constant, continuous overhead which can't be cached
       | because it won't be around next run. I'm not surprised that the
       | gains are significant there.
        
       | kevincox wrote:
       | I'm surprised that Rosetta 2 isn't installed by default. It seems
       | that for the next couple of years the vast majority of people
       | will need at least one x86 app.
       | 
       | I guess split-architecture applications were also not foreseen as
       | it is clear that the auto-install prompt doesn't work very well
       | in that case.
        
         | glandium wrote:
         | It's even worse. It's uninstalled when upgrading macOS.
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | What does this mean, for dot releases? There's only been one
           | release with Rosetta2 enabled.
        
             | glandium wrote:
             | M1 Macbooks were shipped with 11.0, they're now on 11.1.
             | Upgrading from one to the other removed Rosetta2 on mine
             | (as well as Command Line Tools).
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | It'll be interesting to see if this is a trend or 11.1
               | was a one-off.
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Well, it's OS-version specific...
        
             | Steltek wrote:
             | It should be expected that during this transition, everyone
             | will have one x86 app or another. An upgrade breaking
             | nearly 100% of users is a laughed-out-the-door bad user
             | experience.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | The point to Rosetta this misses, however, is that for
               | the vast majority of use cases it's silently re-installed
               | on demand.
        
               | glandium wrote:
               | It essentially works only when launching apps from the
               | Finder or the dock (not when app A launches app B, except
               | if it did something about it, but that's unlikely) and
               | brings up a prompt window. The opposite of silent.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | I wasn't aware of the prompt. Mea culpa.
        
             | glandium wrote:
             | It could be upgraded rather than uninstalled.
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | The best case is you need no x86 apps. Bought an M1 Air for a
         | kid - as soon as Zoom was native they didn't need Rosetta.
        
         | cududa wrote:
         | I wonder if it has anything to do with licensing costs of
         | everything that went into Rosetta? I imagine they owe someone
         | royalties and licensing costs on some components in it, saves
         | some pennies to dollars to only install it as needed
        
           | SloopJon wrote:
           | Could be. I suspect that's a factor in the fonts available
           | for download or document support in Catalina and Big Sur:
           | 
           | https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT210192
           | 
           | https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211240
        
         | rkangel wrote:
         | Given the sibling comment "It's even worse. It's uninstalled
         | when upgrading macOS." does it also give a way of monitoring
         | emulation usage without violating privacy too much?
         | 
         | "X% of machines have installed Rosetta on this version of
         | MacOS" would be a useful number without measuring the specific
         | executions.
        
         | kitsunesoba wrote:
         | Feels like a bit of a nudge to developers to not take x86
         | compatibility for a given... kind of, "it's there if it's truly
         | necessary, but you really should port that plugin/daemon/etc".
        
           | kevincox wrote:
           | I suspect this as well. But it seems so obvious that it is
           | necessary for a while that I doubt that anyone takes it
           | seriously.
        
             | geerlingguy wrote:
             | I believe the Mac OS Classic environment wasn't installed
             | by default in the early OS X days.
        
               | sjwright wrote:
               | This is both correct and incorrect.
               | 
               | This is correct if you refer to how early versions of the
               | Mac OS X installer was packaged. The Classic environment
               | framework was always installed but a copy of Mac OS 9 was
               | also required to be installed on the system volume as
               | well--and this wasn't included when installing a fresh
               | copy of Mac OS X from a CD.
               | 
               | There was a limited period of time when Apple shipped and
               | installed both Mac OS 9 and Mac OS X on Macs--so for
               | those people, the Classic environment was "effectively"
               | installed by default. Though to reproduce this you'd need
               | to run the Mac OS X and Mac OS 9 installers from their
               | respective CDs.
        
       | pixelpoet wrote:
       | Oh hey, the author is also the guy who developed the amazing open
       | source AlphaGo reimplementation Leela Zero:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leela_Zero
        
       | CyberRabbi wrote:
       | Is "apple silicon" the port job here? Isn't this more correctly
       | described as a port of their existing ARM64 target to macOS?
        
         | jfk13 wrote:
         | Firefox on iOS is based on the system's Webkit engine; Firefox
         | elsewhere is built on Gecko, so there's a vast difference in
         | the codebase involved.
        
         | twic wrote:
         | This is a good question. On the one hand, the article says:
         | 
         | > Of all the work needed to support the new hardware, porting
         | Firefox to the 64-bit ARM architecture was not actually
         | something we needed to do: we've supported 64-bit ARM on
         | Android and Linux for years.
         | 
         | On the other hand, it says:
         | 
         | > Secondly, we needed to adapt and fix the various parts of the
         | Firefox codebase that deal with low-level calling conventions
         | and particularly the interfaces between the JavaScript and C++
         | (and nowadays Rust) parts of the code.
         | 
         | I suppose MacOS on ARM has a different calling convention to
         | both MacOS on x86-64 and Linux or Windows on ARM64.
         | 
         | Also:
         | 
         | > If the user visits such a site, Firefox will automatically
         | download and install such a proprietary EME/CDM module. This
         | presented a problem to us as we would be dependent on those
         | third-party vendors to publish ARM64 versions of those
         | decoders.
         | 
         | So what do Windows or Linux users on ARM64 do? Do they just not
         | get DRM?
        
           | glandium wrote:
           | > So what do Windows or Linux users on ARM64 do? Do they just
           | not get DRM?
           | 
           | The Windows ARM64 build of Firefox comes with a copy of the
           | 32-bits x86 Windows Firefox binaries to launch the win32 CDM.
           | 
           | There is no support for things like this for Linux, and I
           | don't think there's a native ARM64 Linux CDM (although I
           | could be wrong. I mean, such a CDM likely exists, considering
           | ARM64 Chromebooks)
        
         | skrowl wrote:
         | On iOS there are no web browsers other than Safari, per the app
         | store rules. "Chrome" / "Firefox" / etc on iOS are just
         | basically skins on top of Webkit.
         | 
         | See 2.5.6 here - https://developer.apple.com/app-
         | store/review/guidelines/
         | 
         | This is why you don't get any of the features / extensions /
         | etc of Chrome or Firefox on iOS.
         | 
         | Apple does this so that the mobile web can never replace apps
         | that they have a monopoly on and get a % from. If you could
         | just visit netflix.com and have it install a Netflix SPA that
         | worked as well as the native app, why would you ever install
         | the native app?
         | 
         | Edit after reading replies - lol, that programming of Apple
         | users to believe "we need an app for every possible site".
        
           | coldtea wrote:
           | > _Apple does this so that the mobile web can never replace
           | apps that they have a monopoly on and get a % from_
           | 
           | Or you know, because they disallow dynamic code execution of
           | arbitrary downloaded code in apps, and JIT JS compilers do
           | just that.
           | 
           | > _If you could just visit netflix.com and have it install a
           | Netflix SPA that worked as well as the native app, why would
           | you ever install the native app?_
           | 
           | It's like asking "why would you ever use a native app".
           | Because it's faster, native, and much more convenient?
           | 
           | Take the best desktop browser engine, e.g. Chrome, and put it
           | inside a mobile browser app. Still, I (and most I guess)
           | wouldn't use it to watch Netflix over individual apps.
        
             | SahAssar wrote:
             | > Or you know, because they disallow dynamic code execution
             | of arbitrary downloaded code in apps, and JIT JS compilers
             | do just that.
             | 
             | What would you call a webview? Is it that much different if
             | it is webkit or gecko or blink doing it? If I used a
             | webview to run js-linux, xfce and firefox should that be
             | disallowed too?
        
               | floatboth wrote:
               | The code of the webview is made by Apple, it's _part of
               | the OS_ - so it doesn 't abide by _App Store_ rules.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | I can't speak to the mobile/desktop distinction, but
             | comparing "watching Netflix in Firefox on my desktop" with
             | "watching Netflix on my LG WebOS TV", there's barely any
             | difference. If anything, the browser version wins because
             | of the superior input devices (kbd, mouse) attached to it
             | compared with the TV. This suggests to me that there would
             | be little difference when comparing mobile/desktop or
             | app/browser, other than the netflix logo being the point of
             | entry (and if you could run the SPA literally like an app,
             | no difference at all).
        
               | filleduchaos wrote:
               | > watching Netflix on my LG _WebOS_ TV
               | 
               | No offence but what do you think applications for _Web_
               | OS are written with?
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | How many watch web-based Netflix on their Android phone,
               | where Chrome is available, and "Safari" doesn't hold the
               | marvel of web apps back?
               | 
               | How many care to use web based apps over native apps in
               | Android?
        
             | lern_too_spel wrote:
             | > Or you know, because they disallow dynamic code execution
             | of arbitrary downloaded code in apps, and JIT JS compilers
             | do just that.
             | 
             | No, they explicitly disallow other implementations, whether
             | they JIT or not. Since Apple's WebKit is missing so many
             | features, this has the effect that GP noted.
             | 
             | "2.5.6 Apps that browse the web must use the appropriate
             | WebKit framework and WebKit Javascript."
             | 
             | https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines/
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | > _No, they explicitly disallow other implementations,
               | whether they JIT or not. Since Apple 's WebKit is missing
               | so many features, this has the effect that GP noted._
               | 
               | So, do you know people who prefer web apps over native
               | apps for their Android, where "other browsers" are not
               | disallowed, and Chrome is available?
               | 
               | I'm sure you'll find some. I doubt you'll find any
               | significant percentage though.
               | 
               | I, personally, never do, and haven't seen any doing it in
               | the wild, except for things there's not an app for...
        
               | lern_too_spel wrote:
               | > So, do you know people who prefer web apps over native
               | apps for their Android, where "other browsers" are not
               | disallowed, and Chrome is available?
               | 
               | I do. Twitter's PWA is superior to its native app, and I
               | can customize it with extensions. I prefer mobile Firefox
               | over mobile Chrome though.
        
             | have_faith wrote:
             | >Still, I (and most I guess) wouldn't use it to watch
             | Netflix over individual apps.
             | 
             | If the experience is so much better why are Apple scared to
             | let other browsers into the app store?
             | 
             | Phones are general purpose computers for the majority of
             | the world's population, exercising such authoritarian grip
             | over what a user can do with the device is very depressing
             | to see being defended.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | > _If the experience is so much better why are Apple
               | scared to let other browsers into the app store?_
               | 
               | Well, the weasel word "scared" kind of begs the question.
               | 
               | Who said it's "scared"?
               | 
               | Apple spearheaded the modern browser with Safari. Chrome
               | wasn't even a thing then (it forked off of Apple's work
               | on Safari/Webkit later, just like v8 came after Apple's
               | own JSC JIT work).
               | 
               | As for Mobile Safari, it took several years for Android
               | browsers to come close: Android Browser in particular was
               | a piece of crap, slower, and lacking more features, than
               | Mobile Safari. Was Google also "scared" of web apps?
               | 
               | Also note that, when Apple suggested to developers they
               | make their own web apps in lack of a native SDK, most
               | dissed those and wanted, nay, demanded a native SDK.
               | 
               | And Mobile Safari is not exactly some bad browser holding
               | those apps back. You can watch Netflix on mobile safari,
               | on the web, if you so want. Why would you though?
               | 
               | And here's the 1000 pound argument: do you see many
               | people watching Netflix on Android Chrome, as opposed to
               | using the Android Netflix app?
               | 
               | Didn't think so.
               | 
               | Why would they do it on the iPhone then, if Chrome was
               | available in the App Store?
               | 
               | > _Phones are general purpose computers for the majority
               | of the world 's population_
               | 
               | Not even close.
        
               | have_faith wrote:
               | >Apple spearheaded the modern browser with Safari...
               | 
               | >As for Mobile Safari, it took several years for Android
               | browsers to come close...
               | 
               | >suggested to developers they make their own web apps in
               | lack of a native SDK, most dissed those...
               | 
               | >Safari is not exactly some bad browser holding those
               | apps back...
               | 
               | >do you see many people watching Netflix on Android
               | Chrome...
               | 
               | Absolutely none of these points are arguments against
               | having the option to have an alternative browser
               | rendering engine. Not sure why you think they are.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | > _Absolutely none of these points are arguments against
               | having the option to have an alternative browser
               | rendering engine. Not sure why you think they are._
               | 
               | Not sure why you think they were intended to be.
               | 
               | Those weren't "arguments against having the option to
               | have an alternative browser rendering engine".
               | 
               | Those were arguments about "Apple not having an
               | alternative rendering engine" is not about sabotaging
               | some imaginary web app revolution, just about Safari
               | having its own timeline and priorities.
               | 
               | Regarding that, not how there's no such web-over-native-
               | app trend in Android either, where Chrome IS available.
               | Most still prefer native apps.
               | 
               | If you think, you could also think them as "arguments not
               | against, but as to why it's no big deal to not have an
               | alternative browser rendering engine".
        
               | have_faith wrote:
               | I don't think this conversation is going anywhere to be
               | honest. Maybe I misinterpreted your point.
               | 
               | My central point was I see no reason for Apple to
               | disallow altnernative browsers (not just shells around
               | webkit) other than to gatekeep. Your points about safari
               | being better or users not using a PWA for netflix don't
               | seem to relate to this I don't think. I think Apple is
               | only concerned about staying in control with regards to
               | what users can install on their devices. I don't think
               | they want other browsers to be genuine alternatives to
               | iOS safari so they've essentially neutered the
               | competition.
               | 
               | I also think you flippantly dismissed that a very large
               | portion of the world is mobile first (not just the third
               | world anymore) and this to me makes having the choice
               | even more important.
        
               | roca wrote:
               | Mobile Safari does hold the Web back. Examples are easy
               | to find:
               | 
               | Safari doesn't support the standard unprefixed fullscreen
               | API, while Firefox and Chrome have for years, so Web
               | developers have to write a bunch of compatibility crap or
               | accept fullscreen not working on iOS.
               | 
               | Firefox and Chrome have supported WebGL2 for years, iOS
               | Safari still doesn't.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ascagnel_ wrote:
               | > Safari doesn't support the standard unprefixed
               | fullscreen API, while Firefox and Chrome have for years,
               | so Web developers have to write a bunch of compatibility
               | crap or accept fullscreen not working on iOS.
               | 
               | Having used an iPad for general web browsing for a while,
               | the worst change they made was allowing web apps write
               | their own fullscreen interfaces. I can't think of _any_
               | video website where they 've done a better job at basic
               | video player controls than what the OS does natively.
        
           | filleduchaos wrote:
           | Exactly. As we can see, everybody that uses Android watches
           | Netflix on the web, and the Netflix Android app is left to
           | languish with a measly 1B+ installs. There's _clearly_ no
           | reason why a long-running, DRM-heavy video streaming service
           | like Netflix would want an actual native app on mobile
           | devices.
        
           | dhritzkiv wrote:
           | Is there anything stopping Netflix from working in Safari on
           | iOS? and then being installed as a bookmark to the Home
           | Screen?
           | 
           | I believe it's Netflix that prefers that users use the app.
        
             | lern_too_spel wrote:
             | Off the top of my head, mobile Safari can't handle push
             | notifications for new content or downloading videos to
             | watch later. I'm sure there are other problems with it as
             | well.
        
               | dhritzkiv wrote:
               | Good points.
               | 
               | Being able to download/cache content reliably would be
               | welcome, on all browsers. However, I haven't seen a good
               | example of using PWAs' storage APIs to cache video
               | content, Safari or otherwise.
               | 
               | Lack of push notifications in iOS Safari is a giant
               | shortcoming. It's especially baffling since it exists for
               | Safari on macOS. That being said, I can't say that
               | Netflix's push notifications (in the app) are
               | particularly useful (to me). They always spam me with
               | newly released yet irrelevant in-house produced titles.
        
         | nguyenkien wrote:
         | iOS browser is just Safari reskin (with different sync)
        
         | floatboth wrote:
         | Yes, "Apple Silicon" is the marketing name for macOS/ARM64.
         | 
         | (Why did 3 other people interpret this comment as saying
         | something about iOS?!)
        
           | glandium wrote:
           | > (Why did 3 other people interpret this comment as saying
           | something about iOS?!)
           | 
           | Because originally, the comment also said "Firefox already
           | works on apple silicon, on iOS".
        
           | CyberRabbi wrote:
           | > Yes, "Apple Silicon" is the marketing name for macOS/ARM64.
           | 
           | Source?
        
       | brundolf wrote:
       | > If the user visits such a site, Firefox will automatically
       | download and install such a proprietary EME/CDM module. This
       | presented a problem to us as we would be dependent on those
       | third-party vendors to publish ARM64 versions of those decoders.
       | 
       | Wait, modern browsers still download and run native binaries at
       | the request of certain sites? How is this different from the days
       | when native plugins like Flash were massive security liabilities?
       | I thought we didn't do that anymore?
        
         | Gaelan wrote:
         | As I understand it, it's a single trusted binary (Google's
         | Widevine), not arbitrary binaries from sites, so I doubt it's a
         | huge security liability. Not to discount all the other problems
         | with DRM on the web, of course.
        
           | padenot wrote:
           | The above is correct. The CDM is very heavily sandboxed, a
           | signature is used, and therefore it can't really do anything
           | apart from what it's supposed to do (which is very little,
           | taking encoded data, a key, decode media).
           | 
           | Source: I'm on that team, but I don't work directly on this.
        
           | azalemeth wrote:
           | This is correct.
           | 
           | I still think the "best" answer is to untick the box that
           | says "Play DRM Content" in the Firefox preference panes, and
           | refuse to support corporations that would otherwise use it.
           | 
           | I haven't bought DRM media for over fifteen years.
        
           | mortenjorck wrote:
           | Worth mentioning is that this is also solving a different
           | problem from the old browser plugin ecosystem. Rather than
           | enabling third parties to extend browser functionality, this
           | exists exclusively to partition the open-source Firefox
           | codebase from closed-source DRM code, a workaround to enable
           | DRM playback in an open-source browser.
        
           | dblohm7 wrote:
           | This is correct. These binaries are downloaded from specific
           | update servers.
           | 
           | EDIT: I stand corrected thanks to a colleague on the media
           | team: the EME CDM update servers are known Google servers.
        
         | hoten wrote:
         | The site is not making any such request, it is simply using a
         | browser feature. The browser, on demand, downloads a known and
         | trusted binary.
        
         | SulfurHexaFluri wrote:
         | I wonder if this means there will finally be a way to use
         | things like spotify and netflix on ARM linux machines.
        
       | mugivarra69 wrote:
       | does firefox use llvm to compile ?
        
         | sylvestre wrote:
         | Yeah, clang for all platforms for a couple years now
        
           | vetinari wrote:
           | Some Linux distributions, like Fedora, build their Firefox
           | binary with gcc.
        
             | sylvestre wrote:
             | Yeah but this will probably change too.
        
               | Vogtinator wrote:
               | I hope not, we need diversity. (Yes, also more rust
               | compilers)
        
               | sylvestre wrote:
               | We will still have jobs to build Firefox with gcc and gcc
               | is not going anywhere in general: the % of package built
               | with clang in Debian/Ubuntu is a fraction compared to
               | gcc.
               | 
               | Nathan Froyd wrote this great blog post about compiler
               | usage: https://blog.mozilla.org/nfroyd/2018/05/29/when-
               | implementati...
        
         | gspr wrote:
         | Yes. There are essential Rust components in Firefox, and the
         | only serious Rust compiler uses LLVM. (This has nothing to do
         | with clang as someone else suggests)
        
           | floatboth wrote:
           | "does firefox use llvm to compile" is a very weird question
           | that can be interpreted in a variety of ways :D
           | 
           | Seems your interpretation is "does Firefox require any LLVM
           | based compiler to compile?" and yeah. But "does Mozilla use
           | clang for official builds?" is another valid way to parse the
           | question.
           | 
           | (Mozilla does use clang, and they even do cross-language LTO
           | thanks to that: https://blog.llvm.org/2019/09/closing-gap-
           | cross-language-lto...)
        
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