[HN Gopher] Anthony Levandowski Pardoned
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Anthony Levandowski Pardoned
        
       Author : aresant
       Score  : 533 points
       Date   : 2021-01-20 06:03 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov)
        
       | wnevets wrote:
       | and it only cost $2 Million [1].
       | 
       | [1] https://www.businessinsider.com/giuliani-associate-
       | reportedl...
        
         | sn_master wrote:
         | Please do not propagate unproven rumors. Most of that 73 person
         | list are people who clearly don't have anywhere near those
         | amounts.
        
           | wnevets wrote:
           | Its not a rumor, its an outright accusation by former CIA
           | operative John Kiriakou
        
             | 0_____0 wrote:
             | Therefore, all men are Socrates.
        
               | wnevets wrote:
               | No, therefore its not a rumor. Its an accusation.
        
             | sn_master wrote:
             | CIA operatives don't lie for political gain purposes?
        
               | wnevets wrote:
               | You're absolutely right, trading pardons for cash would
               | be completely out of character for the previous
               | administration. Anthony Levandowski's conviction was
               | obviously a miscarriage of justice and its a good thing
               | it was corrected at the very last minute.
        
               | sn_master wrote:
               | Your response shows the effect of the mainstream media
               | which intentionally denied all the positive things Trump
               | and his administration has done to the country.
        
               | wnevets wrote:
               | I don't what form of media you consume that would cause
               | you to dismiss an entire profession as liars for
               | political gain.
        
               | sn_master wrote:
               | So do I for you dismissing an entire administration as
               | corrupt.
        
               | wnevets wrote:
               | How exactly would you describe Anthony Levandowski's
               | pardon?
        
               | sn_master wrote:
               | Under the logic of picking a single bad example, every
               | single US administration is corrupt.
        
               | wnevets wrote:
               | Bad example? It's the entire point of the original post.
               | 
               | Keep moving those goal post tho. You've already went from
               | it's mean to say that the previous administration was
               | corrupt to every administration is corrupt.
        
       | mastermojo wrote:
       | My knee jerk reaction to this is also to be upset, but if I try
       | to view his sentence from a perspective of rehabilitation vs
       | punitive action ...
       | 
       | His original sentence (6 months ago) was 18 months. I don't know
       | if the extra 12 months here changes anything.
        
         | nikanj wrote:
         | He didn't serve time yet, his sentence was postponed due to
         | corona.
        
         | aikinai wrote:
         | He didn't actually serve any of the time.
        
       | kenneth wrote:
       | Seems the comments here are mostly negative -- saying his pardon
       | is an example of corruption and that he should be in jail.
       | 
       | Personally, I think that the ability for gigantic corporations'
       | ability to not only sue their former employees or influence
       | justice to get them thrown in jail by the government is a much
       | bigger problem.
       | 
       | And generally I feel like prison sentences for white-collar and
       | non-violent crime is in almost all cases excessive.
        
         | tsimionescu wrote:
         | In general you may be right, but stealing code from one
         | employer to give to your next, and explicitly being paid for
         | this and advancing your career, is not a good example. His
         | actions were clearly wrong, and this is just an example of the
         | way white collar crime, even when it causes massive damages, is
         | not practically punished as badly as blue collar crime.
        
         | gorgoiler wrote:
         | I'm not really interested in seeing Levandowski sent to jail
         | either.
         | 
         | People like him are a menace to society and shouldn't be
         | allowed to operate companies or deploy capital.
         | 
         | Society blesses individuals with the privilege to form a
         | _company_ and in exchange those company officers are expected
         | to make a net positive contribution to society. Jobs,
         | investment, progress.
         | 
         | If you fail to do that -- through stealing, fraud, corruption
         | -- the least you should expect is to _never be allowed to run a
         | company ever again_.
        
           | TuringNYC wrote:
           | OK, but so many people go to prison for theft of much, much
           | less. Why shouldn't he face at least that much justice?
        
             | gorgoiler wrote:
             | It's a good point. I'm resigned to the pardon happening,
             | but won't accept this person being allowed to run a
             | business again in the future. That's the line I draw in the
             | sand, somewhat pragmatically.
             | 
             | There are certain positions of trust that hopefully they
             | will not be able to hold.
        
           | draw_down wrote:
           | Society blesses individuals with privilege?
        
       | koolba wrote:
       | The actual title is " _Statement from the Press Secretary
       | Regarding Executive Grants of Clemency_ ". Took a second to
       | realize that the editorialized title is referring to Anthony
       | Levandowski[1] (of Waymo / Google / Uber).
       | 
       | Upon first read I just saw the last name and thought it was
       | related to his former campaign chair Corey Lewandowski[2]!
       | 
       | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Levandowski
       | 
       | [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corey_Lewandowski
        
         | avs733 wrote:
         | My partner and I were talking about this and honestly wondered
         | if there had been either a mistake in reporting or a mistake in
         | the actual process. The input of Thiel made it more clear.
        
         | Ericson2314 wrote:
         | Came here to say the same.
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Paid a lot of money for that pardon I reckon even though he was
       | clearly a criminal. The trump admin is such a sham. So glad that
       | they are out of power - hopefully forever for the sake of the Us.
        
         | tartoran wrote:
         | That's what I was thinking too but it is possible he'd be
         | pardoned by any other president for the right amount. I'd just
         | think Trump would be the easiest to obtain a paid pardon from.
        
         | tartoran wrote:
         | That's what I was thinking too but it is possible he'd be
         | pardoned by any other president for the right amount. I'd just
         | think Trump would be the easiest to obtain a paid pardon from.
         | (cash-for-pardon)
        
         | Mauricebranagh wrote:
         | Well hopefully it will lead to the end of this 17th/18th
         | century relic.
         | 
         | Fully implementing the spirt of the civil service reforms and
         | and have 99% of current presidential appointments done on merit
         | instead.
        
         | medium_burrito wrote:
         | As opposed to Mark Rich, who was a much bigger piece of shit?
        
           | akhilcacharya wrote:
           | You're right, Steve Bannon is the better equivalent Marc
           | Rich, except probably worse.
        
         | lokar wrote:
         | I read some reporting that the going rate was only $20k, 10 up
         | front and 10 after.
        
           | Strs2FillMyDrms wrote:
           | I'm a little bit confused.. I am ecuadorian (efefctively 3rd
           | world), we manage ourselves in dollars. I live in a somewhat
           | affluent side of a main city, even tho I am not rich myself,
           | and on a daily basis I see cars which are 50k+, one behind
           | the other. Even though this people are corrupt (most of them,
           | tax evasion, etc..), I'd argue that US corruption would be on
           | another different scale... 20k for a presidential pardon from
           | the president of the US, that's the price of a Chinese
           | manufactured brand new car.
        
             | boringg wrote:
             | It is a function of the current corrupt president and his
             | close aides. This would never be the case on any of the
             | former presidencies - presidential pardons aren't bought.
             | It's such a sham that it is apparently something that can
             | be bought and really speaks to the depths of depravity and
             | how low the Trump presidency can go.
             | 
             | I think the OP has the numbers wrong but regardless, it
             | isn't something that should ever be bought.
        
           | perfmode wrote:
           | link?
        
             | lokar wrote:
             | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/us/politics/trump-
             | pardons...
             | 
             | Sorry, it was 100k, 50 up front:
             | 
             | "A onetime top adviser to the Trump campaign was paid
             | $50,000 to help seek a pardon for John Kiriakou, a former
             | C.I.A. officer convicted of illegally disclosing classified
             | information, and agreed to a $50,000 bonus if the president
             | granted it, according to a copy of an agreement."
             | 
             | And this is not to trump, but rather to his groupies to
             | talk to him on your behalf. At least on paper.
             | 
             | Still, probably a good value if you actually get it.
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | I also heard that Rudy's aide float $2M ... it's got to
               | be the aides/close confidents who were trying to milk
               | power.
        
       | audiometry wrote:
       | Also in Trump's last hurrah is pardoning Kwame Kilpatrick.
       | https://www.crimetownshow.com/ I have no idea how he fits in the
       | profile of Trump's other pardons. Maybe just resonates with Trump
       | as another shameless, corrupt politician.
        
         | jmeister wrote:
         | It's his way of getting back at Detroit/Michigan for not voting
         | for him?
        
       | pengaru wrote:
       | No Shkreli?
        
       | kevincox wrote:
       | The link is now a 404.
       | 
       | > Anthony Levandowski - President Trump granted a full pardon to
       | Anthony Levandowski. This pardon is strongly supported by James
       | Ramsey, Peter Thiel, Miles Ehrlich, Amy Craig, Michael Ovitz,
       | Palmer Luckey, Ryan Petersen, Ken Goldberg, Mike Jensen, Nate
       | Schimmel, Trae Stephens, Blake Masters, and James Proud, among
       | others. Mr. Levandowski is an American entrepreneur who led
       | Google's efforts to create self-driving technology. Mr.
       | Levandowski pled guilty to a single criminal count arising from
       | civil litigation. Notably, his sentencing judge called him a
       | "brilliant, groundbreaking engineer that our country needs." Mr.
       | Levandowski has paid a significant price for his actions and
       | plans to devote his talents to advance the public good.
       | 
       | http://web.archive.org/web/20210120111121/https://www.whiteh...
       | 
       | https://archive.is/H8vD1#selection-435.0-437.714
        
       | chad_strategic wrote:
       | Aside from Assange, Sownden and all the rich criminals.
       | 
       | I find a small joy/comfort in knowing the non violent drug
       | dealers/users got a pardon from a president... well you can fill
       | in the rest. (US drug laws need to change!)
       | 
       | Otherwise, I'm sick to my stomach.
        
       | Permit wrote:
       | I haven't seen it asked so I'll go: Why?
       | 
       | I never imagined Trump and Levandowski being connected in any
       | fashion. Does anyone have any insight into why Trump would pardon
       | him?
        
         | momothereal wrote:
         | You don't have to be high-profile or the President's buddy to
         | receive an executive pardon (you can realize this by going
         | through the article's list). Anyone* can petition and receive a
         | pardon.
         | 
         | *: state offenses are handled by governors or a state pardon
         | board, not the President
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | carlivar wrote:
       | Levandowski but not Snowden or Assange. Sigh.
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | > Levandowski but not Snowden or Assange. Sigh.
         | 
         | Snowden and Assange have no value in the market economy.
         | Lewandowski, on the other side, has some interesting skills
        
           | nikanj wrote:
           | And Lewandowski hurt Google, which makes him a good guy
           | according to Trump.
        
             | faitswulff wrote:
             | This is much more likely than Trump putting any amount of
             | reasoning into his decision.
        
           | yalogin wrote:
           | Will investors put money on him again? Or is he relegated to
           | working on trump's personal Twitter replacement kind of
           | projects now? Have a feeling this is the only thing he can do
           | now, go deep maga and suck up to the cult
        
             | throwaway22442 wrote:
             | He has been working on Pronto.ai for the last few years.
             | Nothing will change there.
        
           | mikeryan wrote:
           | He's radioactive though.
        
             | sjg007 wrote:
             | He will probably start a company.
        
               | gorbachev wrote:
               | Who in their right mind would work for him?
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | Who in their right mind would work for Trump?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Ericson2314 wrote:
               | Thielians in their normal mind
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | Snowden is earnest, so he won't get one.
         | 
         | Assange won't, because Donnie doesn't think he'll be useful
         | again.
        
           | kolbe wrote:
           | Assange has a knack for getting his hands on a lot of dirt.
           | Trump is arrogant and short-sighted enough to believe it will
           | never be dirt on him?
        
             | jjoonathan wrote:
             | Yes, he is.
        
         | ttyprintk wrote:
         | I don't know what the current going rate is; we'll see if Joe
         | Exotic met it. Supporters of Snowden and Assange have only a
         | few hours to get the cash together.
        
           | jl2718 wrote:
           | Interesting perspective. What else besides cash would you
           | suspect to be influential?
        
         | Synaesthesia wrote:
         | Obviously support their pardons but there was little
         | expectation from me that they would considering the government
         | is prosecuting them so aggressively.
        
       | shadowgovt wrote:
       | I'm no fan of Levandowski's, but it did always seem to me that
       | criminal penalties (including incarceration) for corporate
       | espionage was a co-option of the criminal machinery of government
       | for what should always have been a civil court affair.
       | 
       | That having been said, the law is the law and I'm no fan of using
       | the pardon to free some corporate spies while others with fewer
       | political connections are bound by it.
        
       | totalZero wrote:
       | No better way to create positive sentiments about yourself than
       | to generate a swath of people indebted to you for their
       | unexpected amnesty.
        
       | jrochkind1 wrote:
       | Hmm. This is currently 404'ing. Did the whitehouse remove it?
       | Like... post-transfer-of-power? That seems weird.
       | 
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20210120111121/https://www.white...
        
         | jonwachob91 wrote:
         | Happens every time we get a new president. Nothing unusual
         | about it. Everything from Trumps whitehouse.gov site is now
         | located at https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov
        
         | dave5104 wrote:
         | Yep, the site gets wiped in a new administration.
         | 
         | The page linked is now hosted here:
         | https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/st...
        
         | jplevine wrote:
         | Archived URL from the White House:
         | https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/st...
        
       | syntaxing wrote:
       | I see these series of pardons but I don't get how it works
       | logistically in terms of federal vs state. Let's say Anthony
       | Levandowski was guilty for California charges, what would that
       | mean?
        
         | nostromo wrote:
         | The president has no authority to pardon state or local
         | convictions, only federal.
        
       | hypervisorxxx wrote:
       | I'm glad to see kodack black pardoned. He's a super genuine
       | artist. His music changed my life. His crime was lying how many
       | white boys have lied in court and served less than 46months in
       | prison. He truly turned his life around for many years now and it
       | reflects in his music.
        
       | btilly wrote:
       | Most of these are people accused of various drug crimes (many
       | nonviolent).
       | 
       | As much as I hate Trump, I support that.
       | 
       | The worst one was this:
       | 
       |  _Paul Erickson - President Trump has issued a full pardon to
       | Paul Erikson. This pardon is supported by Kellyanne Conway. Mr.
       | Erickson's conviction was based off the Russian collusion hoax.
       | After finding no grounds to charge him with any crimes with
       | respect to connections with Russia, he was charged with a minor
       | financial crime. Although the Department of Justice sought a
       | lesser sentence, Mr. Erickson was sentenced to 7 years'
       | imprisonment--nearly double the Department of Justice's
       | recommended maximum sentence. This pardon helps right the wrongs
       | of what has been revealed to be perhaps the greatest witch hunt
       | in American History._
       | 
       | Yeah, BS. Trump deserved to lose his Presidency then and there.
       | 
       | I also didn't like the special treatment that Stephen Bannon
       | received. There is another person who deserves to rot in hell.
       | 
       | But my guess is that more than 2/3 of these commutations I
       | support. And it has nothing to do with who commuted them.
        
         | pldr1234 wrote:
         | Just to note - they specifically added those other commutations
         | to elicit your exact reaction:
         | 
         | "Some look shady, but it's mostly good".
        
           | btilly wrote:
           | I am aware of that. But I was expecting Trump to issue a
           | blank commutation for all "patriots" involved in any way in
           | the Capitol riot. With the purpose of making it harder for
           | legal consequences of the indictment to reach him.
           | 
           | For a previous example, Bush Sr commuted the sentence of
           | everyone involved in the Iran-Contra affair which prevented
           | that investigation from potentially reaching him. (Given
           | excerpts of his diary released after he was in office, it
           | seems likely that the investigation would have been able to
           | nail Bush in time.)
        
           | cure wrote:
           | I think you're assuming they are more competent/smarter than
           | they really are.
        
             | btilly wrote:
             | It does not take a lot of brains to say, "Every outgoing
             | President does this, you should do the same."
             | 
             | And he didn't particularly abuse the power. The record for
             | one day of pardons/commutations is 330, set by Barack Obama
             | on his last day of office. I believe that the record before
             | that was set by Bill Clinton.
        
       | cletus wrote:
       | I think it's really important for society as a whole that there
       | exists the rule of law and not the rule of law for the poor only.
       | 
       | This is just another blatant example of where being rich and
       | having connections puts you above the law. Sadly this isn't an
       | isolated case.
       | 
       | Take Michael Cohen and Paul Manafort. Both plead guilty and both
       | were somehow granted home detention due to the pandemic
       | 
       | What Levandowski did was egregious. You walk out the door of a
       | company. You take nothing. That's it. You don't own nor are you
       | entitled to any of that work product. It's pretty simple.
       | 
       | I'm not surprised to see Peter Thiel on that list. His politics
       | are pretty appealing. I don't know most of the other names on
       | that list who supported the pardon but that's not a list I'd want
       | to be associated with, personally.
        
         | throwaway5752 wrote:
         | It's not just egregious, it's soley to punish Google, which the
         | president had a well publicized vendetta against.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dgellow wrote:
       | No Assange, no Snowden. What a fool I am, I seriously envisaged
       | that could happen...
       | 
       | Instead it's just more and more corruption.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | Honest question: why did you expected that? They don't fit
         | profile of people Trump help or cooperates with at all.
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | Last night Trump also revoked his own 2017 executive order that
         | prevented federal administration officials from becoming
         | lobbyists after leaving government:
         | 
         | https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-lobbying-execu...
         | 
         | This had been one of his only practical actions towards keeping
         | his campaign promise of "draining the swamp."
        
           | heelix wrote:
           | The nice thing about executive orders is they can be added by
           | the next guy. Would be nice to see this as actual law, and
           | not an executive order -- but if Trump cancels anything on
           | his last day, Biden can re-do it on his first day.
        
             | rat87 wrote:
             | But it won't apply to former Trump administration workers.
             | That's the point, I'm sure Biden will have a better ethics
             | policy but it can't be retroactive
        
           | zzleeper wrote:
           | I wonder how all the Trump supporters on HNs (maybe 30% or so
           | of commenters, no idea about lurkers) are reacting to this.
           | 
           | Levadowski pardon, the spy, the swamp, etc.
        
             | santoshalper wrote:
             | 95% of them are already reshaping facts to fit their
             | narrative. Maybe a few will start to see how much they were
             | hoodwinked. Even those few won't be able to admit it until
             | they figure out a way to save their ego.
        
             | rat87 wrote:
             | I mean Trump has always been incredibly corrupt, way more
             | corrupt then "old washington"
             | 
             | Drain the Swamp simply meant get rid of anyone against
             | Trump, including goverment ethics watchdogs
        
             | throwaway876765 wrote:
             | I voted for Trump because his policies more closely align
             | with my beliefs than any other candidate on my ballot. I am
             | very disappointed in his response to the election results
             | after it was clear there wasn't proof of enough fraud to
             | change the result, and I'm very disappointed in the
             | pardons.
        
               | augustt wrote:
               | He telegraphed his intent to claim the election was
               | rigged way before it happened so... I guess people just
               | learn at different rates.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/01/19/upshot/tru
               | mp-...
        
               | diveanon wrote:
               | I hope you are disappointed in yourself for having
               | beliefs that align with a fascist who incited an
               | insurrection against the United States.
        
               | 1024core wrote:
               | Not _that_ disappointed, I bet.
               | 
               | Same old story. "I'm shocked, shocked that there's
               | gambling going on!"
        
               | diveanon wrote:
               | Don't forget, this is a time for unity!
               | 
               | I'm not forgetting about the last 4 years anytime soon.
               | 
               | There is nothing virtuous about ignoring and
               | rationalizing intolerance.
        
               | fny wrote:
               | Please stop down voting posts like this. If we want HN to
               | remain a welcome space for civil discourse for everyone,
               | we need to respect other people's candid statements.
               | 
               | Remember, Trump won 47% of the popular vote which likely
               | includes a large number of HNers. We should not alienate
               | those people.
        
               | supernintendo wrote:
               | Trump supporters have done nothing but alienate and
               | engage in acts of harassment and violence against non-
               | white folks, religious minorities and members of the
               | LGBTQ community for the past 4-5 years. Should we be
               | civil toward members of the KKK as well? Why is it always
               | on us to be nice to people who hate us and want us dead?
        
               | barbacoa wrote:
               | Just like how you've been brainwashed by the TV into
               | thinking the "others" are evil, trump people are
               | brainwashed into thinking you hate them and want them
               | dead.
               | 
               | Both sides see themselves as the victim and the others as
               | the attacker.
               | 
               | >Why is it always on us to be nice to people who hate us
               | and want us dead?
               | 
               | Do you see how this is perpetuating the problem?
        
               | supernintendo wrote:
               | Go read the comment section of any Fox News or Breitbart
               | article about trans people. Go see what people on
               | conservative YouTube channels or /r/conservative or
               | 4chan's /pol/ have to say about us. How am I supposed to
               | engage with people (including some members of my own
               | family) who refuse to treat me with basic respect? How am
               | I supposed to have a civil conversation with people who
               | call me a disgusting, mentally ill tranny faggot to my
               | face?
               | 
               | This "both sides" talking point is naive, intellectually
               | lazy bullshit peddled by people who have no interest in
               | hearing the struggles of people who have to suffer this
               | abuse. I've been emotionally and physically bullied my
               | whole life by these people. I'm sick of it. Leave me the
               | fuck alone.
        
               | rirarobo wrote:
               | I am from the Deep South. I have evangelical family
               | members who have disowned others because of their
               | beliefs. Who wish for the Kingdom of God to be realized,
               | so that the non-believers can spend eternity in
               | suffering. I grew up with peers who told me I would burn
               | in hell for believing in evolution. Peers from middle
               | class backgrounds with financial security, who then worry
               | about "white genocide" and the "great replacement".
               | 
               | I have not been brainwashed by the TV to think these
               | types of people are evil. I know them intimately. I know
               | that they are multifaceted human beings, capable of love,
               | but also capable of hate and great harm. I have family
               | members that do believe other races are below them, aunts
               | and uncles old enough to have fought against civil rights
               | and desegregation. Much like Trump, who was 22 when MLK
               | was assassinated. Grandparents who mutter about the war
               | of northern aggression. They are still alive today, there
               | are millions of people like them, and they vote. They
               | push real policies that present a real threat to many
               | Americans.
               | 
               | I have moved away from the South, and have new friends
               | and family, who have directly been affected by the Muslim
               | Ban, changes to immigration policy, and the rhetoric of
               | Trump and his supporters these past four years. This is
               | real harm.
               | 
               | "Both sides" are not the same, and there are real victims
               | of such bigotry. To deny this reality perpetuates these
               | problems.
        
               | diveanon wrote:
               | We absolutely should alienate those people.
               | 
               | People who support racism, bigotry, and outright fascism
               | have no place in civil society.
        
               | randylahey wrote:
               | People who hold reprehensible ideas or support those who
               | do, should be held to task, no matter how many of them
               | there are.
        
               | VLM wrote:
               | Before the era of identity politics that was virtuous,
               | not so much in an identity politics era.
        
               | zzleeper wrote:
               | I am op (asked the question) and even though I don't
               | agree with throwaway, I appreciate him having the time to
               | respond (so I upvoted.earlier to try to offset the
               | downvotes).
               | 
               | Im also downvoted btw, so this goes both ways.
        
               | bradleyjg wrote:
               | I didn't downvote in this case but I am highly likely to
               | downvote anything that comes from an account called
               | throwaway* unless it contains some whistleblowing info or
               | similar. If you can't stand by your opinions even with a
               | pseudonym because you are afraid of losing fake internet
               | points then no one needs to see what you have to say.
        
               | xpe wrote:
               | I agree.
               | 
               | But how do we get there?
               | 
               | In my view, until Hacker News has a mechanism to capture
               | different kinds of feedback; e.g.:
               | 
               | 1. comment is well-written (even if I disagree)
               | 
               | 2. comment is civil (even if not well-written and/or I
               | disagree)
               | 
               | we're going to have "lump all, some, or none of these
               | factors together" voting.
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | But we need to teach them the errors of their ways or we
               | will see more tragedies
               | 
               | There was literally no good reason to vote for Trump
               | regardless of views (to be fair op didn't say he voted
               | for Trump)
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | x1ph0z wrote:
               | Not now, not ever. I will always call out those that
               | supported racism, bigotry, violence and Trump's admin did
               | all that. The voice and platform he gave to the most
               | deplorable people, has made me and others lose faith in
               | all Americans.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | "I invested with Bernie Madoff because his returns
               | matched my investment goals". Yes, knowing why someone
               | got conned is itself valuable information. But standing
               | on its own, it reads as an endorsement.
        
             | BitwiseFool wrote:
             | My Republican friends are all angry that the last minute
             | pardons are white collar criminals and hip-hop stars. They
             | were really hoping for an Assange/Snowden pardon to stick
             | it to the "deep state". But honestly at this point they're
             | acting like drained husks and just feel so let down.
             | 
             | I personally look at the pardon list and I'm at a loss for
             | words. What a weird mix of scammers and celebrities.
        
         | hintymad wrote:
         | Here is my wild speculation:
         | 
         | - Trump can't afford making more enemies in the intelligence
         | community, or simply does not want to.
         | 
         | - Assange and Snowden are libertarians' heroes, but
         | libertarians didn't even vote for Trump this time, right? The
         | percent of libertarians voting for an independent candidate was
         | larger than the gap between Trump and Biden, even though Trump
         | was probably the most libertarian president in the past 30
         | years. For instance, Trump refused to expand federal
         | government's power during Covid, and he deregulated a lot to
         | defer policies to states. Not that I like or dislike Trump's
         | policy, mind you -- just my assessment. So, Trump may simply
         | ignored the requests to pardon Assange and Snowden.
        
           | rat87 wrote:
           | Trump is the least libertarian/most authoritarian president
           | we've had in a long long time
           | 
           | Don't mistake incompetence for libertarianism.
        
             | hintymad wrote:
             | I'd love to update my understanding. Could you share the
             | policies that Trump made that centralizes his or his
             | government's power or reduces the rule of law?
        
         | machinecontrol wrote:
         | So, will you and others learn from this? The next time a
         | politician asks for your money and promises that this time,
         | it's different maybe we should all think twice before falling
         | for the same game again.
        
         | moocowtruck wrote:
         | Why would their be a pardon for those treasonous terrorists?
         | You really were expecting that?
        
           | dgellow wrote:
           | Yes, I did.
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | I don't think that Levandowski, Snowden, or Assange deserve
         | pardons.
        
           | fleshdaddy wrote:
           | Why is that? Do you not believe in whistle blower protections
           | or do you think that Snowden lied?
        
             | thelastwave wrote:
             | How is Levandowski a whistle blower?
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | I believe that once you leave the country with classified
             | material then all bets are off.
        
             | lastofthemojito wrote:
             | Snowden overdid it. He found illegal behavior in a spy
             | agency, but he also exposed legitimate activity. Sure, NSA
             | was spying on Angela Merkel and other allies. You might
             | agree with Henry Stimson, that "Gentlemen do not read each
             | other's mail", but the reality is that countries spy on one
             | another. Snowden might deserve whistleblower protection for
             | some of his revelations, but not all of them.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | _Sir William Blackstone, in his Commentaries on the Laws
               | of England, 9th ed., book 4, chapter 27, p. 358 (1783,
               | reprinted 1978), says, "For the law holds, that it is
               | better that ten guilty persons escape, than that one
               | innocent suffer."_
               | 
               | Likewise could it not be said that it is better that many
               | legitimate programs go exposed to expose the blatantly
               | lawless mass surveillance of USA Persons?
               | 
               | https://www.bartleby.com/73/953.html
        
               | staunch wrote:
               | The blame for what he was forced to do belongs with the
               | officials that were violating the constitution. They
               | should be exiled for failing to uphold their oaths.
               | Instead, Snowden is in exile.
               | 
               | Snowden was just the first honorable American to come
               | across the information and he did his best to expose it
               | safely, by giving it to journalists to release, after
               | consulting with the government.
               | 
               | We can't expect whistle blowers to do a perfect job.
               | There will always be some mistakes. As long as they act
               | in good faith and reasonably, they should be protected.
        
               | lastofthemojito wrote:
               | > As long as they act in good faith and reasonably, they
               | should be protected.
               | 
               | I agree 100%.
        
               | fleshdaddy wrote:
               | You realize Snowden didn't just dump all of these
               | documents on a torrent site right? Given that he's not a
               | professional journalist and was risking his freedom he
               | grabbed what he could and took it to reputable
               | journalists to do the work of ensuring the leak doesn't
               | endanger others without a good reason. What else do you
               | expect him to do? If he'd gone to a superior he'd be
               | rotting in jail and we would have no evidence of mass
               | surveillance in this country.
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | >If he'd gone to a superior he'd be rotting in jail and
               | we would have no evidence of mass surveillance in this
               | country.
               | 
               | Everyone says this but it's pure conjecture. We don't
               | know what would have happened and now we never will.
        
               | neilparikh wrote:
               | There are known cases of people trying to raise concerns
               | through the correct channels and still facing
               | retaliation. For example:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_A._Drake
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | Okay? And people raise concerns that are taken seriously
               | and do not face retaliation.
        
               | mlazos wrote:
               | HN loves Snowden so much it makes no sense to me. He
               | could've gone to the Senate/House intelligence
               | committees, and not been in trouble. Worst case nothing
               | would've gotten done, but since they were lied to, I
               | don't think he would've been ignored.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | It's baffling to me how you could possibly trust the
               | government to do the right thing and combat corruption.
               | 
               | > I don't think he would've been ignored.
               | 
               | He told the intelligence committees the same time he told
               | _the entire country_ and he was still ignored.
        
               | dgellow wrote:
               | You don't remember the NSA director lying under oath in
               | front of the Congress about the exact crimes Snowden
               | revealed?
        
               | mlazos wrote:
               | Yes that's what I'm talking about when I said the
               | committees were lied to. I'm sure they would've been
               | interested to hear from someone working at the lower
               | levels that the NSA director lied.
        
               | fleshdaddy wrote:
               | Your comment displays a bit of naivety on how power
               | structures work in this country. There's a reason
               | thousands of people knew about these programs, including
               | his superiors, and it took Snowden going to the press.
               | You believe a no name, low level, intelligence contractor
               | can just walk into the intelligence committee and tell
               | them they're spying on their own people? The same
               | committee that despite knowing about it know hasn't made
               | serious efforts to curtail these operations? I might have
               | a bridge to sell you.
        
               | ganoushoreilly wrote:
               | They also leave out the fact that he had been reprimanded
               | for his actions numerous times, to include being removed
               | from roles and duties because of his negative actions.
               | The fact that he moved from the CIA back to an NSA
               | supported role without this being disclosed is ridiculous
               | in of itself.
               | 
               | Edward had a childish reaction to release documents that
               | had nothing to do with Xkeyscore (of which the media
               | claim as the reason for his release), particularly those
               | of Tailored Access Operations [TAO]. This was the action
               | of a petulant individual lashing out at the system
               | however he felt he could. Don't let it be ignored that he
               | was specifically working in a capacity supporting
               | operations in China.. then fled there before moving on to
               | Russia. No one talks about or acknowledges that Edward
               | was in a support role and not an "Operator" at the agency
               | either. He was pissed because he applied twice and was
               | denied, in part due to his horrible support on operation
               | plans.
               | 
               | He wanted to act out and damage the NSA and their
               | mission.
               | 
               | The hero worship of Snowden is deplorable. I only wish
               | the american public had a real understanding and grasp of
               | what goes on to keep their "bubble" safe and sound.
               | Edwards actions have had an outsized impact and
               | unfortunately it won't be mad public in a nonclassified
               | space for many years to come, because of further
               | operational impacts.
               | 
               | He was 100% a traitor.
        
               | fleshdaddy wrote:
               | What branch did you serve in? You seem really offended at
               | the notion that some Americans are willing to take
               | freedom and privacy over complete security. It's hard for
               | you to believe but know that many, many people are
               | willing to make that trade off. People have even died for
               | it.
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | It's childish to accuse them of being a military shill
               | for posting something you disagree with.
        
               | fleshdaddy wrote:
               | It's more so the worship of the military that made me
               | assume they're part of it. Couple that with referring to
               | everyone as the "American public" and the knowledge they
               | imply they have of classified documents that won't be
               | made public for some time. Doesn't seem like a stretch.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Would you say the same of Mark Felt?
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Felt
        
               | dgellow wrote:
               | > then fled there before moving on to Russia
               | 
               | That's just a lie. He was in a plane on his way to
               | Ecuador when the US cancelled his passport, resulting in
               | him being blocked in the Russian airport for a while. At
               | some point the situation created such a mess for the
               | airport that Russia accepted to let him enter the
               | country.
               | 
               | All of this has been documented at length, and anyone on
               | this forum is likely old enough to remember the events
               | from when they happened live.
               | 
               | At no point he wanted to be in Russia. The US forced the
               | situation by canceling his passport mid-flight and
               | putting pressure on any country that would offer their
               | help (my home country did and was publicly pressured for
               | this).
               | 
               | In any case, you can forget about the guy, the
               | information he gave demonstrate that the NSA under Obama
               | was committing plenty of illegal surveillance of the US
               | population (and of course other countries, but US
               | citizens don't seem to care about non-US rights), created
               | a system of hidden courts, and lied about all of it. That
               | should be enough to consider him a whistleblower.
        
         | CyberRabbi wrote:
         | He pardoned a literal spy who was convicted of espionage of
         | state secrets but he did not pardon Assange. Incredible.
        
           | thelastwave wrote:
           | According to some sources he was informed if he pardoned
           | Assange the Senate would vote to convict him following the
           | House impeachment, quid pro quo.
        
           | ardy42 wrote:
           | > He pardoned a literal spy who was convicted of espionage of
           | state secrets but he did not pardon Assange. Incredible.
           | 
           | Assange and Snowden remain unpopular with Senate Republicans,
           | and my understanding is that he was told pardoning them would
           | hurt his chances of avoiding a Senate conviction in his
           | second impeachment.
           | 
           | He was also recently steered away from pardoning himself, his
           | family, and some Republicans that may have helped the capitol
           | rioters (and he apparently got the message), but who knows if
           | he'll change his mind in the next couple hours.
        
             | s0cur10us wrote:
             | I was under impression that the self-pardon story was part
             | of the information warfare campaign. Is there any proof to
             | the story?
        
               | jolmg wrote:
               | "As has been stated by numerous legal scholars, I have
               | the absolute right to PARDON myself" -- Donald Trump
               | 
               | https://web.archive.org/web/20180604233027/https://twitte
               | r.c...
        
               | postalrat wrote:
               | So he had no interest in pardoning himself because he did
               | nothing wrong.
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | > I was under impression that the self-pardon story was
               | part of the information warfare campaign. Is there any
               | proof to the that?
               | 
               | Part of the what?
        
               | emreca wrote:
               | Information Warfare
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | Just so you know, this isn't reddit, and joke replies are
               | discouraged.
               | 
               | I was looking for clarification about what "the
               | information warfare campaign" was. I'm guessing it's some
               | kind of post-hoc rationalization for a lot of Trump's
               | bizarre statements and other distractions, but I'm not
               | sure.
        
               | s0cur10us wrote:
               | There was a reliable information that Melania Trump is
               | filing for divorce and many others like that.
               | 
               | P.S.
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=melania+trump+divorce
               | 
               | P.P.S. Thanks for the downvotes, I appreciate that.
               | 
               | P.P.P.S. "Fake news" is a trumpist lie, but some news are
               | fake.
               | 
               | P.P.P.S. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.
        
             | jolmg wrote:
             | > He was also recently steered away from pardoning himself
             | 
             | Is pardoning oneself legally possible?
             | 
             | EDIT: Seems possible but never tested.
             | 
             | > The Constitution provides little guidance on the issue of
             | a potential presidential selfpardon. Only one sentence is
             | dedicated to pardons: "The President . . . shall have Power
             | to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the
             | United States, except in Cases of Impeachment." Looking to
             | historical precedent and case law likewise provides no
             | dispositive answer. No president has ever issued a self-
             | pardon, and very few Supreme Court cases have addressed any
             | aspect of the president's pardon power.
             | 
             | --
             | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3587921
        
               | birdyrooster wrote:
               | Even if he could, I don't think he would want to. It
               | would mean admitting guilt and opening himself to give
               | testimony on the crimes in prosecuting others as well as
               | emboldening civil lawsuits. Also, since its an ex-
               | President and leader of a political party there is no way
               | to punish him without it being political, which means the
               | next President is likely to pardon him anyways for
               | expediency.
        
           | CyberRabbi wrote:
           | The funny part of this thread is that while there was hope
           | Trump would pardon Assange, in comparison there is little to
           | no hope that Biden will pardon Assange. I wonder why that is.
        
             | rat87 wrote:
             | Because Trump doesn't give a shit or care about anyone but
             | himself so theoretically he could be persuaded to do
             | something if he thought it might piss people off
        
             | bgorman wrote:
             | Probably due to Biden being the one who tried to get Edward
             | Snowden extradited to the US.
        
           | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
           | I think people on the right and the left are perhaps skipping
           | over just how much McConnell was manipulating the admin not
           | just over the last four years, but esp since Jan 6th.
           | 
           | I am fairly confident that even if Trump had specifically
           | wanted to pardon Assange or Snowden he could not have.
           | 
           | Edit: lol, this will have been the most successful lie by the
           | media and GOP... getting people to believe the GOP and Trump
           | were friends. They never wanted him. McConnnell picked
           | Sessions and Barr both who did little for Trump. McConnnell
           | picked the 3 Supreme Court justices, and the federal judges
           | who when given the chance refused trumps election fraud
           | cases, McConnnell dropped the mask the second it was clear
           | Trump no longer had power. Ffs, they stuck him with Reince
           | Preibus at first.
           | 
           | This is the thing I'll never understand about GOP-Haters...
           | not understanding Trump was fighting them too. Literally
           | everyone had to pretend that wasn't the case including Trump
           | if he wanted to get anything done at all.
        
             | fny wrote:
             | What you're saying here is contradictory. Sure the GOP
             | hates Trump, and Trump also hates the GOP. And that's
             | exactly why Trump didn't give a damn to GOP criticism of
             | his pardons.
             | 
             | McConnell has no influence. That's why Stone, Kushner, and
             | Bannon are on the list among others.
             | 
             | Trump decided not to pardon Snowden and Assange. Full stop.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | > McConnell has no influence. That's why Stone, Kushner,
               | and Bannon are on the list among others.
               | 
               | Hang on, if you're certain about it being entirely trumps
               | decision not to pardon Snowden or Assange... can we at
               | least have a citation that McConnell cared at all about
               | Stone Kushner or Bannon?
               | 
               | You declaring that those names put together are in any
               | way equal to the weight of Snowden -or- Assange?
               | 
               | I never suggested Trump did want to. I suggested he could
               | not.
        
               | __blockcipher__ wrote:
               | Not quite. Trump knows they're more or less okay with him
               | pardoning Bannon - it pisses them off, but at the end of
               | the day it's water under the bridge. Whereas Assange
               | getting pardoned would absolutely infuriate the "deep
               | state" to an extent that's hard to describe.
               | 
               | Trump should have pardoned Assange, it's the only thing
               | that would actually have taken a (small) chunk out of the
               | "deep state" for real. Instead, as many of us saw coming,
               | Trump's rhetoric about "draining the swamp" and "fighting
               | the deep state" was always empty bluster.
               | 
               | Now Assange will die in prison (there's not a snowball's
               | chance in hell that Biden pardons him, to state the
               | obvious).
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | If you were waiting until now for trump to prove that he
               | was a righteous man who keeps up on his promises then you
               | willfully avoiding reading the story that repeats ad
               | nauseum for the man's entire existence.
        
               | stretchcat wrote:
               | What a senselessly uncharitable comment. Blockcipher said
               | _" as many of us saw coming"_; clearly Trump's nature is
               | not a recent realization for them.
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | Hence the "if you were" - if you weren't, feel free to
               | ignore this comment.
        
             | alsetmusic wrote:
             | What evidence is there of McConnel having access to Trump
             | after Jan 6? I have the impression that their relationship
             | cooled. McConnel stated that Tump "provoked" the mob on the
             | senate floor.
             | 
             | https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/19/politics/mitch-mcconnell-
             | riot...
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | "Tell him we'll convict in the Senate if he fucks around"
               | is access, even if it's not direct face-to-face.
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | Mcconnell does not leak, those quotes coming out in
               | public were pressure campaigns. It's unknown obviously
               | what was directly said to him.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | Well for one; McConnell could have gone through with an
               | impeachment vote had Trump started to burn things down on
               | his way out the door.
               | 
               | Do you think the House pushed through breakneck-speed
               | impeachment vote, breaking almost all of the rules about
               | witnesses, testimony, procedure all for fun? No, that was
               | calculated to keep Trump in line I think.
               | 
               | Removing all platforms from him, looming impeachment or
               | other threats, publicly denouncing him after four years
               | of pretending to be MAGA...
               | 
               | Now, I don't have a CNN article to make my case. So maybe
               | you are right.
        
             | rat87 wrote:
             | This is an amazingly ridiculous take especially on Sessions
             | and Barr
             | 
             | Sessions did everything he could for Trump just did the
             | right thing once to avoid legal jeopardy for himself by
             | recusing himself. In exchange he got nothing but abuse, I
             | mean Sessions is a nasty little goblin so I don't feel to
             | sorry for him but that's what loyalty to Trump gets you
             | 
             | Barr did cross ethical lines anday have broken laws in
             | making the justice department Trump's personal defense
             | lawyers instead of the semi independent agency it's
             | supposed to be.
             | 
             | https://abovethelaw.com/2020/12/the-temptation-and-
             | corruptio...
             | 
             | Barr was the ultimate lacky Attorney General. But because
             | he declined to support overturning the results of the
             | election illegally, he's not Trump's loyal toady?
        
         | jasonvorhe wrote:
         | People who are still surprised by Trump not doing the right
         | thing are confusing. I'm not judging, i just don't understand.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | I'm sorry to say it was never in the cards.
         | 
         | The enemy of Assange's enemy was never his friend. Nothing
         | about Trump's conduct has ever suggested he wants more
         | whistleblowers walking free, especially ones who may not feel a
         | "professional courtesy" to refrain from leaking some things.
         | 
         | The next thing Wikileaks reports on could have been shady back-
         | dealing on Trump real estate projects, for all we know. Trump
         | never saw pardoning Assange as a gain for himself.
        
           | thekyle wrote:
           | I believe you mean Wikileaks.
        
             | shadowgovt wrote:
             | (Thank you; corrected)
        
         | knuthsat wrote:
         | The fact that all a POTUS does after presidency is enrich
         | oneself, it's quite clear where the motives are.
         | 
         | The moment when POTUS is unable to profit off of his presidency
         | is the moment where these things wouldn't happen.
         | 
         | POTUS becoming a multimillionaire after presidency is just a
         | sad display of moral corruption.
         | 
         | Edit: Not talking about Trump, just in general about POTUS.
         | It's my impression that in the last 50 years all of them
         | benefited from the public, exerting their influence after
         | losing the binds of the POTUS position to enrich themselves.
         | Shows quite a lack of moral character in all of them.
        
           | kyleblarson wrote:
           | He was already a billionaire before he got elected. What I
           | find particularly disgusting is how lifelong politicians with
           | relatively meager (compared with the private sector) salaries
           | can become so wealthy while in office. But yes the revolving
           | door is a thing and it should be addressed. Yellen earned
           | over 7 mil in speaking fees in the last two years. It is
           | impossible that that will not have any influence over her
           | decisions when she's back at the Fed.
        
             | rchaud wrote:
             | Pretty much every major figure in the Fed (and minor
             | figures too) has come straight from from Goldman or
             | JPMorgan or some other major bank. It's called a 'revolving
             | door' for a reason.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | Larrikin wrote:
             | There's no evidence, besides self reporting to tabloids and
             | magazines, Trump ever came close to being a billionaire.
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | The argument that "all Presidents have imperfect morals" is
           | obvious and uninteresting. The quality of "moral character"
           | varies tremendously among people.
        
             | knuthsat wrote:
             | Should have worded is as "lack in moral character"
        
           | mattst88 wrote:
           | Have you heard of Jimmy Carter?
        
             | rchaud wrote:
             | Would this be an example of the exception proving the rule?
             | 
             | It still seems like an accident of history that Americans
             | sent Jimmy Carter to the highest office in the land. For as
             | much as they claim to want a regular Joe/Joe-ette as
             | President (the mirage of the unpretentious 'I can have a
             | beer with him' candidate) they seem to vote for people that
             | are the polar opposite.
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | Truman is an even better example
               | 
               | Before they passed a presidential pension bill Truman was
               | basically broke, living of his army pension
        
           | tomComb wrote:
           | If they get rich by selling books and speeches I have no
           | problem with that, and am surprised by the number that do.
           | People might not like that, but it isn't corruption.
           | 
           | If, on the other hand, a president makes his presidency about
           | doing favours for the rich and powerful then he won't have to
           | write books and speeches afterwards.
        
             | knuthsat wrote:
             | I have a problem with that. It shows moral corruption. It's
             | not corruption in the legal sense but outlines the issue of
             | why the pardons do not make sense.
             | 
             | ex-POTUS is still an influential individual and is just
             | profiting after the binds of the position are lifted.
             | 
             | I think it would be a pretty nice decree to disallow the
             | president to become extremely wealthy X years after
             | presidency. Let the influence slowly fade and let's see if
             | POTUS as an individual, after being elected to do public
             | good, can produce some value outside of benefiting from
             | being elected.
        
               | mlazos wrote:
               | Honestly most former presidents do "good work" in this
               | sense. The power is gone so now there's less outside
               | influence. This law seems arbitrary and has no purpose,
               | there's like 4-5 former presidents alive at a time? This
               | "problem" is at the bottom of my list of problems that
               | need solving.
        
               | knuthsat wrote:
               | Well, if a law was put I'd definitely include all of the
               | public servants in executive positions, which includes
               | congress, mayors and alike. It's going to be a much
               | different crop of people wanting to work for the public,
               | because eventually, now, they all become "consultants"
               | for companies dealing with the public sectors, and enrich
               | themselves.
        
           | spiderfarmer wrote:
           | He was very clear about this goal even before his campaign in
           | 2016.
           | 
           | In 2000 Donald Trump told Fortune magazine, "It's very
           | possible that I could be the first presidential candidate to
           | run and make money on it."
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | Thankfully, he end up being the first presidential
             | candidate bankrupted by the position. The dude's primary
             | asset, his brand, is not completely toxic and can no longer
             | be used to prop up his other failed ventures. And the only
             | bankers wiling to finance him will the the predatory ones,
             | who will all extract every penny left then leave him with
             | nothing.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | > is [now] completely toxic and can no longer be used to
               | prop up his other failed ventures
               | 
               | You are underestimating something. I remember how Bush
               | was literally Hitler and Cheney was an impossibly evil
               | name.
               | 
               | But now Bush is a lovable cook, Biden admin was taking
               | with Dick Cheney about foreign affairs and Liz Cheney was
               | just celebrated by the left/media for dumping on Trump.
               | 
               | Trump brand won't be what it was, but it's something
               | different now. I think the political left did themselves
               | a great disservice by not giving in to election fraud
               | investigations, when people were asking for signature
               | matching, observer access, proving compliance with
               | Article2, scanned ballot uploads, whatever else was
               | reasonable and we should expect our election system to
               | provide without question. Even the most rabid
               | TrumpHater5000 should have supported that because it
               | would have proved he was wrong. Now in some people's eyes
               | we will never truly know. For practically half the
               | country Biden has an asterix by his name. That doesn't
               | seem like a great start and it didn't actually tarnish
               | Trump Brand except to the people who hated him already
               | including the establishment GOP. His approval among
               | supporters is not lower since Jan 6th, as difficult as it
               | may be to understand.
        
               | dgellow wrote:
               | I'm not so sure about that. With his crazy following if
               | he creates his own online presence, a la infowars, he can
               | make a lot of money.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | That kind of remains to be seen there's a lot of people
               | out there that are still very on board with Trump, it may
               | not be a luxury lifestyle brand much going forward but
               | it'll almost definitely still be a brand.
        
               | CountSessine wrote:
               | If there's anything that Trump is actually good at, other
               | than carnival barking, it's shielding assets and wealth
               | from bankruptcy, and remaining rich after "insolvency".
               | Don't expect him to show up homeless on Venice Beach any
               | time soon.
        
               | itsoktocry wrote:
               | > _And the only bankers wiling to finance him will the
               | the predatory ones, who will all extract every penny left
               | then leave him with nothing._
               | 
               | Oh boy, are you going to be in for a nasty surprise.
               | Trump is going to get _more_ powerful after this mess,
               | but it will likely tear the GOP apart. And don 't kid
               | yourself that the Democrats _love_ the idea of having him
               | as an enemy if he ever runs again. Most of what you 're
               | watching is political theatre.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Honestly, I get the impression that he's easily
               | outflanked by smart people. And that something about his
               | personality drives people to take advantage of him. That
               | impression comes from his apparent business incompetence.
               | He is capable of screwing up "sure things" such as
               | casinos and hotels. Best I can tell, he ends up getting a
               | raw deal, then proceeds to make the shit roll down hill
               | by screwing over people down stream of him (i.e., not
               | paying contractors).
               | 
               | He's clearly a capable actor. He pretends, rather
               | convincingly, to be this amazing, confident, shrewd
               | businessman. And I think a lot of people idolize him
               | because he embodies what they think of when they think of
               | a smart, successful business person. But I think real
               | smart, successful business people spend two minutes with
               | him, and paint him as a rube.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | He seems, as an outsider (UK), to be fomenting racial
               | divisions - around the World - just so he can play at
               | being a big cheese. His motivation appears to be purely
               | money, but he and those who voted for him don't appear to
               | have a problem with the cost of that being democracy and
               | racial unity.
               | 
               | If he stays out of prison then the message is 'USA's
               | political establishment endorses white power, and
               | oligarchy' and given many nations rely on USA having at
               | least a little morality as the greatest military
               | superpower on Earth ...
               | 
               | USA seemingly can't be trusted to keep even a semblance
               | of Rule of Law, any country lead by those who don't
               | themselves pretend towards megalomania has to find this
               | problematic. Your (USA's) democracy is very broken.
        
         | twox2 wrote:
         | Why WOULD Trump pardon assange or snowden?
        
           | dgellow wrote:
           | For one, to piss off Democrats and Biden's administration.
           | Snowden and Assange both revealed years of illegal activities
           | and corruptions that occurred while a Democrat was president.
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | To do what's right for Freedom and The People, as he
           | continually claimed but never actually followed through on.
        
             | twox2 wrote:
             | That's kind of exactly my point.
        
           | CalChris wrote:
           | For money. The going rate was $2M [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.businessinsider.com/giuliani-associate-
           | reportedl...
        
           | ardy42 wrote:
           | > Why WOULD Trump pardon assange or snowden?
           | 
           | Because he has a grudge against the US intelligence
           | community, so would enjoy using his power to piss them off:
           | 
           | https://www.lawfareblog.com/why-flynn-pardon-matters:
           | 
           | > The "own the intelligence community" pardons--pardons
           | designed to offend and punish the intelligence agencies for
           | their professionalism over the past several years and the
           | inconveniences that professionalism has caused to Trump. A
           | number of right-wing and civil liberties figures have
           | suggested pardons for Julian Assange and Edward Snowden,
           | though Axios suggests that Snowden will not get a pardon
           | today. Such actions may have a certain appeal for a president
           | --who, like both Assange and Snowden--has a tolerant attitude
           | toward Russian intelligence activity that benefits him and
           | who does not care overmuch about revealing American
           | intelligence activity to adversary actors. There has also
           | been talk of late about clemency for Ross Ulbricht, the
           | founder of the "Silk Road" dark web market--who is serving a
           | life sentence in connection with a murder-for-hire scheme.
           | This would arguably be more of a "own law enforcement"
           | clemency, but the concept is the same.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | Pay attention to that list, each pardon has a list of people
         | who supported each pardon.
         | 
         | Nobody from the Electronic Frontier Foundation and the ACLU is
         | on that list.
         | 
         | We are wasting our time and energy caring about either of those
         | organizations. Let them stick to filing Amicus Briefs in
         | courts, but they clearly have no pull or influence or
         | backchannel despite our tech scene thinking they do.
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | What part of the EFF and ACLU should have gotten involved? He
           | plead guilty to a trade secret theft charge which doesn't
           | really seem like the ACLU's bag and only tangentially related
           | to the EFF's.
        
           | thinkingemote wrote:
           | How many were on Obamas list?
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | I don't know, maybe there is a similar log with details on
             | the whitehouse website. If you can find it a simply CTRL+F
             | can help.
        
               | thinkingemote wrote:
               | I thought your point was that the EFF and other great
               | institutions would normally and successfully sponsor
               | people to be pardoned and so this year was a notable
               | exception?
               | 
               | I'd be curious if there was a list of all unsuccessful
               | applicants too. I think that would be very interesting to
               | see and bring some transparency. We'd be able to see just
               | how many businesses, shady and legit, how many political
               | orgs and cultural institutions, millionaires lobby and
               | for whom.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | hawkice wrote:
           | I think I'll be the one to stake out "influence within the
           | Trump administration was highly unusual and doesn't reflect
           | influence in more standard Republican or Democratic
           | presidencies". I guess I wasn't aware this was controversial,
           | but I feel I can support it with evidence.
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | When I go to a country to get a result, I don't say _" hey
             | wait a minute, you're quite a bit more extreme than prior
             | leaders and a lot of your citizens don't want to associate
             | with you at all!"_ I just go to the mixers and try to get
             | as much influence as possible and I'm glad to hang out in
             | those circles.
             | 
             | Like I said, EFF and ACLU are a waste of our energy because
             | they failed to do that. The White House has published a
             | list of the kinds of people and organizations that get
             | results. Its an instruction manual.
        
               | ctvo wrote:
               | Yes, for this administration it's a manual. Did you read
               | the list? Mobsters, corrupted politicians, etc..
               | 
               | The ACLU and EFF should also find a way to give Trump
               | money / favors under the table to get pardons too in the
               | name of the ends justify the means?
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | A proactive organization that we spend energy on and
               | think supports ideas we care about should have been able
               | to adapt, correct.
               | 
               | The world thinks our ideas are just memes with quizzical
               | effect on the real world, and they're right.
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | I'm quite happy they didn't lobby such a corrupt president
           | for favors. I think I'll increase my donations.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | vlod wrote:
           | >but they clearly have no pull or influence or backchannel
           | despite our tech scene thinking they do.
           | 
           | These aren't some crappy organizations that do 'deals' to get
           | their objectives. There's really (afaik) two ways to keep
           | government in check. Voting and paying lawyers to sue the
           | government when they do 'bad' things (read: against the
           | law/constitution).
           | 
           | Disclaimer: I am a member of both EFF and ACLU.
        
           | deeeeplearning wrote:
           | What a strange criticism. That these orgs are useless because
           | they couldn't get Pardons from a President more or less
           | totally opposed to their goals? It's completely unreasonable
           | to expect otherwise.
        
             | Mauricebranagh wrote:
             | And why would those organisations lobby for this its not
             | like that trade secrets case was proven beyond reasonable
             | doubt.
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | Like I said, let them keep filing amicus briefs, not
             | useless, stop adding hyperbole I said what I said.
        
               | deeeeplearning wrote:
               | >We are wasting our time and energy caring about either
               | of those organizations.
               | 
               | Direct quote by the way
        
           | klmadfejno wrote:
           | I don't think I can think of any non-profit more deserving of
           | donations than the ACLU in my opinion.
        
             | listenallyall wrote:
             | pre-2010 ACLU? sure. The current ACLU, where free speech
             | isn't absolute, but must be weighed against upsetting the
             | apple cart on other issues? nope.
             | 
             | https://www.axios.com/aclu-leaked-memo-free-speech-civil-
             | rig...
        
               | klmadfejno wrote:
               | Respectfully, fuck off. This article cites the origin of
               | the memo as the ACLU defending white nationalists' rights
               | to protest in 2017. This is a hard issue. They're not
               | saying free speech isn't absolute, they're saying they
               | have finite resources and a number of civil rights
               | they're trying to protect- and they're clearly outlining,
               | explicitly, the right of hate groups to say their
               | bullshit even when it runs directly opposed the ACLU's
               | values.
               | 
               | I think the actual leaked memo is a phenomenal read and
               | very well balanced. : https://online.wsj.com/public/resou
               | rces/documents/20180621AC...
               | 
               | Excellent quotes from that memo:
               | 
               | > "although the democratic standardsin which the ACLU
               | believes and for which it fights run directly counter to
               | thephilosophy of the Klan and other ultra-right groups,
               | the vitality of the democratic institutions the ACLU
               | defends lies in their equal application to all."
               | 
               | >We also recognize that not defending fundamental
               | liberties can come at considerable cost. If the ACLU
               | avoids the defense of controversial speakers, and defends
               | only those with whom it agrees,both the freedom of speech
               | and the ACLU itself may suffer.The organization may lose
               | credibility with allies, supporters, and other
               | communities, requiring the expenditure of resources to
               | mitigate those harms. Thus, there are often costs both
               | from defending a given speaker and not defending that
               | speaker.Because we are committed to the principle that
               | free speech protects everyone, the speaker's viewpoint
               | should not be the decisive factor in our decision to
               | defend speech rights.
               | 
               | Considerations in prioritizing cases:
               | 
               | > Whether the speaker seeks to engage in or promote
               | violence
               | 
               | > Whether the speakers seek to carryweapons
               | 
               | > The impact of the proposed speechand the impact of its
               | suppression
               | 
               | > The extent to which we are able tomake clear that even
               | as we defend aspeaker's right to say what they want, we
               | reserve our right to condemn the views themselves
        
           | mef wrote:
           | you're saying because Trump's pardons weren't influenced by
           | the EFF or ACLU, nobody should support those organizations?
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | I'm saying that the internet and tech culture needs an
             | organization that is more inspired and proactive.
             | 
             | For example, Peter Theil risked ostracizing himself from
             | the broader tech community to gain massive leverage and
             | influence, and it worked and continues to work.
             | 
             | We should be supporting more flexible and crafty
             | organizations to turn our _memes_ into reality.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | MengerSponge wrote:
         | "Wait, 45's administration is all corruption?"
         | 
         | "Always has been."
        
           | enraged_camel wrote:
           | Yeah, it's kind of funny that _this_ is what is making some
           | people come to this realization. And not, you know,
           | everything else that has happened over the past four years.
        
         | qwerty456127 wrote:
         | I just wonder why. It seemed like pardoning Assange and Snowden
         | could win him a huuuge bonus to popularity among people all
         | over the world. Perhaps that was considered "too much" and
         | could probably imply worse consequences so he hesitated to.
        
           | barbacoa wrote:
           | I think Trump is afraid of pissing off the establishment. The
           | FBI has been criminally investigating Trump literally his
           | entire time as president. The Mueller investigation is over
           | but the SDNY office is still investigating his finances
           | hoping to find something they can nail him on.
           | 
           | It's also been reported that Mitch McConnell threatened to
           | support the impeachment if he pardons Assange. Though this
           | claim has not been substantiated.
        
           | usrusr wrote:
           | I don't think that he could have gained much support by
           | pardoning them: I'd expect the groups of people who might
           | still be pulled (back) on Trump's side and the group of
           | people who would celebrate a Snowden or Assange pardon to be
           | mutually exclusive. And if Trump is good at anything besides
           | golf, it's correctly assessing whom he might sway and with
           | whom all efforts would be wasted.
        
           | 1MachineElf wrote:
           | He was investigated for 2 years and is still accused to this
           | day for Russian collusion. Pardoning either Snowden, who is
           | in Russia right now, and Assange, who is accused of being a
           | co-conspirator in the Russia collusion accusations, would be
           | like throwing gasoline on that fire. I don't see how he could
           | do it without alienating most of his establishment support,
           | which he still needs after leaving office.
        
             | __blockcipher__ wrote:
             | No, it's not about the Russia collusion hoax (yes it was a
             | hoax btw).
             | 
             | Simply put, Trump was threatened that if he pardons
             | Assange, senate republicans (the establishment) would vote
             | to convict.
             | 
             | I wish he had the courage to call their bluff, because them
             | convicting Trump would fragment the GOP to an extent that
             | is irreversible, IMO. Most people who aren't Trump
             | supporters don't appreciate the extent to which Trump's
             | base is not overlapping with the establishment GOP base.
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | Trump doesn't care about the GOP or the country or
               | anything but himself(and he doesn't care about the law)
               | 
               | That's one of the reasons he colluded with a hostile
               | foreign entity(Russia). Cause he doesn't give a shit.
               | Sadly I don't have much hope for senate Republicans to do
               | the right thing regardless of what Trump did, even after
               | his role in the attempted coup
               | 
               | Trump doesn't have courage, he has bluster and self
               | interest, he didn't see what was in it for him to pardon
               | Assange
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | Not a hoax.
               | 
               | "there was knowing and complicit behavior between the
               | Trump campaign and Russians that stopped short of direct
               | coordination, which may constitute conspiracy."[1]
               | 
               | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueller_report#Redacted_
               | report...
        
             | rat87 wrote:
             | He's accused because it's pretty clear he colluded with
             | Russia then tried to drop sanctions on them
        
             | qwerty456127 wrote:
             | IMHO nobody (including and especially members of the
             | establishment) seriously believes Snowden or Assange are
             | actually Russian spies, really. Snowden just had to flee to
             | Russia because that was the only counterpart to the US
             | which is sufficiently powerful and interested to possibly
             | hide him and also just enough civilized&westernized to
             | tolerate.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | > IMHO nobody (including and especially members of the
               | establishment) seriously believes Snowden or Assange are
               | actually Russian spies, really.
               | 
               | If there was a Trump pardon, I guarantee every major news
               | outlet would bring up their Russian connections and
               | Twitter would lose its mind. What people "seriously
               | believes" changes rapidly.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > IMHO nobody (including and especially members of the
               | establishment) seriously believes Snowden or Assange are
               | actually Russian spies, really
               | 
               | I think lots of people think Assange _has been_ ("is" is
               | a murkier question) a Russian asset, but not so much a
               | _spy_ (someone who serves as an agent for _collecting_
               | information) as an active influence agent.
               | 
               | For Snowden, I think that's probably less common.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | Anthony Levandowski related at all to Corey?
        
           | keiferski wrote:
           | It's one of the most common last names in Poland.
        
             | 2311ski wrote:
             | Lewandowski would be the Polish spelling of it as there is
             | no "v" in the alphabet
        
           | frob wrote:
           | I believe you're thinking of Corey Lewandowski, so no.
        
             | jonathankoren wrote:
             | As Smithers told Burns when asked if Homer and Richard
             | Nixon were related, "I don't think so sir. They spell and
             | pronounce their names differently."
        
       | visarga wrote:
       | The one who's awaiting his own trial can still give pardons other
       | people?
        
         | danans wrote:
         | He's not yet been indicted criminally, and per DOJ rules he
         | can't be until noon on Jan 20.
         | 
         | His facing a Senate trial for impeachment doesn't remove the
         | pardon power. That also expires at noon on Jan 20.
        
           | khuey wrote:
           | Him facing an impeachment trial _does_ remove the pardon
           | power, but only for things related to the impeachment.
        
       | reducesuffering wrote:
       | So when we do get rid of presidential pardons?
       | 
       | We've seen "an American president commutes the sentence of a
       | person convicted by a jury of lying to shield that very
       | president." ~Mitt Romney
       | 
       | And we've seen pardons put up for sale.[0]
       | 
       | Is the US a nation of laws and due process or a Banana Republic
       | where anyone can be acquitted of anything?
       | 
       | [0]https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/us/politics/trump-
       | pardons...
        
         | getlawgdon wrote:
         | I'm not sure we should get rid of them because a corrupt
         | sociopath misused the power. We should have gotten rid of the
         | sociopath far sooner however.
        
         | jonathanstrange wrote:
         | I think it's very good that you have them, so at least a select
         | few people can get a second chance. Instead, you should get rid
         | of ridiculous penalty stacking and plea deals, an often
         | obviously unjust justice system, and a penal system that
         | systematically violates the most basic human rights and
         | standards of decency.
         | 
         | No offence, but most of these pardons make perfect sense.
         | Unfortunately, Snowden, Ulbricht, and Assange were left out.
        
           | ric2b wrote:
           | But do they have to depend on a single person? They should go
           | through congressional approval to avoid such blatant
           | corruption.
        
         | paul_f wrote:
         | Did you read the article? Are you opposed to the pardon of
         | Davidson?
         | 
         | President Trump commuted the sentence of Jaime A. Davidson.
         | This commutation is supported by Mr. Davidson's family and
         | friends, Alice Johnson, and numerous others. In 1993, Mr.
         | Davidson was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment in
         | relation to the murder of an undercover officer. Notably,
         | witnesses who testified against Mr. Davidson later recanted
         | their testimony in sworn affidavits and further attested that
         | Mr. Davidson had no involvement. Although Mr. Davidson has been
         | incarcerated for nearly 29 years, the admitted shooter has
         | already been released from prison.
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | That speaks to a broken justice system; that conviction
           | should be overturned by a court.
        
             | least wrote:
             | It speaks to the inherent flaws in any justice system.
             | Presidential pardons are just one check against that. This
             | lies squarely in line with what a presidential pardon is
             | intended for.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | A few people saved largely at random from a broken
               | justice system is no sort of real solution; if anything
               | it may actually make things _worse_, as it acts as an
               | escape valve for sufficiently scandalous cases.
        
               | least wrote:
               | In some cases it can be used to broadly pardon people due
               | to injustice. Carter blanket pardoned all Draft dodgers
               | [1]. It doesn't have to be a "real solution" as that
               | isn't the duty of the president to create law, which
               | falls squarely in the hands of congress.
               | 
               | It doesn't make things worse. The only reason people
               | think it makes things worse is because it at times serves
               | to emancipate people they think are undeserving of it.
               | This is a small price to pay for what broadly serves as a
               | useful tool for justice.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proclamation_4483
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | It's arguably a bit of a historical oddity that the US has them
         | at all. In most countries, particularly former British
         | colonies, a pardon power of some sort exists, but in developed
         | ones it's typically not, de facto, wielded by an individual (in
         | the UK, for instance, it's theoretically wielded by the Home
         | Secretary, but in practice a Home Secretary who used it
         | unilaterally would find themselves immediately looking for a
         | new job, and the norm is that it's barely used at all).
         | 
         | The UK used it a lot more at the time that the US became
         | independent, which may be where the US got it from.
         | 
         | I don't think _any_ developed democratic country has a pardon
         | power as unrestrained as the US one (even in countries with
         | executive presidencies it's usually constrained in some way).
        
         | gogopuppygogo wrote:
         | Maybe we should focus on fixing the broken justice system.
         | There are many more people unjustly served than justly these
         | days.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | t-writescode wrote:
         | These aren't problems with the power, they're problems with
         | people that abuse the power.
         | 
         | We've had presidential pardons for centuries, and they are both
         | a carry-over from the time of kings, and they could arguably
         | serve as a short-circuit against injustice at the hand of the
         | legislature.
         | 
         | Not everything illegal is wrong. Not everyone in prison is
         | serving a just sentence, no matter what the legal system
         | declares it to be.
         | 
         | Left in the hands of the legislature, no one would ever
         | experience mercy.
        
           | user-the-name wrote:
           | After the last 4 years, maybe it is time to realise that a
           | working democracy can not rely on the assumption that those
           | in power will just use their powers responsibly and
           | honourably, and that "checks and balances" need to actually
           | have the ability to both check and balance.
        
             | Loughla wrote:
             | If Trump taught this country anything, I hope that it is
             | 'relying on long-standing norms of the office is a bad
             | idea'. I think we need legislation to make sure the 'norms'
             | are 'required'.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | Exactly.
               | 
               | It should also be a good example of the fact that the
               | president of the US has an extremely and unusually large
               | amount of power, which should probably be reduced by
               | quite a lot.
        
           | jfk13 wrote:
           | If the argument here is essentially that we should trust the
           | president to know better than the legislature and courts, why
           | don't we just go with absolute dictatorship for all purposes?
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | The power the President is entrusted with here is solely to
             | _remit_ punishment. The idea is that this is an area where
             | going overboard is less harmful than the alternative.
        
               | t-writescode wrote:
               | To add, it's easier to throw somebody back in jail if
               | they aren't rehabilitated than it is to get someone out
               | of 400 year sentence if they are technically guilty, no
               | matter how extreme or ridiculous the prison sentence is
               | for the crime they committed.
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | > they are both a carry-over from the time of kings
           | 
           | That's kind of the problem, though. Most countries didn't
           | carry them over in the same way.
           | 
           | > Left in the hands of the legislature, no one would ever
           | experience mercy.
           | 
           | In countries with highly regulated pardon powers, some people
           | are sometimes pardoned (though many countries lean more on
           | the power of the courts to overturn convictions).
        
             | t-writescode wrote:
             | > though many countries lean more on the power of the
             | courts to overturn convictions
             | 
             | What if someone _did_ commit the crime, and it's proven,
             | but the sentence is wrong (way too extreme) or the crime is
             | now seen as archaic?
             | 
             | Think old homosexuality laws or blasphemy laws.
        
         | bobby_bob wrote:
         | There is considerable variation in how pardons are applied
         | around the world. Many with simple checks and balances:
         | 
         | - Require nomination or agreement by the AG. - Prohibit
         | pardoning of political crimes or other self-interest. - Require
         | approval by at least on other minister, or the whole cabinet,
         | or some portion of the legislative body. - Require a published
         | request for pardon, justification of the pardon, and the
         | judiciary's comment about this justification. - Prohibited
         | during lame duck or caretaker periods. - Allow commutations
         | only. - Allow pardons only when someone is actually serving
         | their sentence. - Eliminate mandatory sentences, allows judges
         | to exercise mercy in sentencing.
        
         | theshrike79 wrote:
         | > So when we do get rid of presidential pardons?
         | 
         | Not an American, but I just learned a few days ago that a good
         | deal of presidential pardons are used to give citizenship
         | rights back to people who have already served their sentence -
         | sometimes decades ago.
         | 
         | After the pardon they can actually vote and hold public office.
         | 
         | Maybe you should, you know, stop taking away people's rights
         | after they're served their court-appointed sentence?
        
           | estomagordo wrote:
           | Or stop taking them away at any point, including while they
           | serve sentences.
        
             | La1n wrote:
             | To me this makes most sense, otherwise putting people who
             | would vote for an opponent in jail makes it so you can stay
             | in power.
        
           | reducesuffering wrote:
           | That's a separate issue. Some states like CA have done what
           | you suggest and are supported by the VP of the US and most of
           | the Democratic party.[0]
           | 
           | [0]https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_17,_Voting_
           | Ri...
        
         | FriedrichN wrote:
         | I'm not a US citizen, but to me it seems to be ridiculous to
         | give one person the ability to unilaterally make decisions on
         | the lives of individuals. Not just these pardons, but also the
         | barbaric rushed executions Trump performed. It appears to me to
         | be antithetical to a democracy that claims to have a separation
         | of power.
        
           | secondcoming wrote:
           | > barbaric rushed executions
           | 
           | Source?
        
             | n4r9 wrote:
             | Think they're referring to this:
             | 
             | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-55236260
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | Intersting, thanks.
               | 
               | Is this not just a coincidence of scheduling though? Or
               | do courts normally schedule executions for presidential
               | transition periods?
        
               | zimpenfish wrote:
               | I believe the US Government (as opposed to states) hadn't
               | executed anyone for something like 12 years (covering 3
               | transition periods) and then in about 3 months, executed
               | 13.
               | 
               | It's definitely not scheduling.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | Right ok, But what I'm trying to find out is if these
               | execution dates were set when the people were found
               | guilty, or if someone just decided the execution dates
               | recently.
        
               | n4r9 wrote:
               | Propublica has a good behind-the-scenes take on it:
               | 
               | https://www.propublica.org/article/inside-trump-and-
               | barrs-la...
               | 
               | In short, there has been a push to resume executions for
               | nearly ten years, and it has accelerated during Trump's
               | presidency (he campaigned on a strong pro-execution
               | platform). In summer 2019 a shortlist was made of
               | prisoners already on Death Row, whose appeals had failed.
               | They then moved as quickly as they could to schedule the
               | executions, quash further appeals and pass litigation to
               | make them happen.
        
               | severino wrote:
               | https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/executions/execution-
               | database?f...
               | 
               | Look at the dates, from the beginning. To me, it doesn't
               | look like a coincidence.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | We normally don't execute anyone ever. People on the
               | federal death row stay there for decades.
        
             | FriedrichN wrote:
             | I shouldn't have assumed everyone knew about this.
             | https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/dec/15/trump-
             | admini...
             | 
             | This story is especially sad.
             | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/05/lisa-
             | montgomer...
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | The BBC article linked in this thread is far more
               | informative. But thanks.
        
           | FriedrichN wrote:
           | Funny how this gets downvoted without anyone giving a comment
           | on why my statement deserves to be downvoted.
        
         | jayd16 wrote:
         | Or we could hold politicians accountable for failing to hold
         | the president accountable through the systems that exist.
        
           | lovecg wrote:
           | People who elected these politicians evidently approve of
           | their performance.
        
         | koolba wrote:
         | Pardons by the executive branch are a weapon of peace. It
         | exists to allow the chief executive, whether the President or a
         | Governor of a State, to settle _any_ matter in their
         | jurisdiction.
         | 
         | At the Presidential level, the power is absolute because the
         | founders believed in the executive branch being centralized in
         | a single individual, the President. Outside of Senate
         | confirmation, there isn't much that limits the powers of the
         | President and it's like that on purpose. The people get to have
         | their say every four years.
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | Exactly - it's notable that the power of pardon is the tail
           | end of the clause that give the president power over the
           | military - that's not random phrasing.
           | 
           | > The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and
           | Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several
           | States, when called into the actual Service of the United
           | States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the
           | principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon
           | any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective
           | Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and
           | Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in
           | Cases of Impeachment.
           | 
           | https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/article-2/section-2.
           | ..
        
           | fumblebee wrote:
           | Courts check presidential power all the time. A blatant abuse
           | of the authority to pardon should be met with swift checks to
           | limit that power.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | > So when we do get rid of presidential pardons?
         | 
         | This sholdn't happen to a dog say dogs.
         | 
         | > We've seen "an American president commutes the sentence of a
         | person convicted by a jury of lying to shield that very
         | president." ~Mitt Romney
         | 
         | It's good to have friends.
         | 
         | > And we've seen pardons put up for sale.[0]
         | 
         | Free market at work.
         | 
         | > Is the US a nation of laws and due process or a Banana
         | Republic where anyone can be acquitted of anything?
         | 
         | Taken into account that it uses it's military and secret
         | service to promote a certain fruit company i will say the later
         | is correct.
         | 
         | > [0]https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/us/politics/trump-
         | pardons...
        
       | plumeria wrote:
       | Any updates on the case of Ross Ulbricht [0]?
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_Ulbricht#Possibility_of_p...
        
         | x86_64Ubuntu wrote:
         | Probably not. Assange and Snowden didn't get pardons so I
         | wouldn't expect Ulbricht to get one.
        
       | DataWorker wrote:
       | This really undermines trust.
        
       | asnyder wrote:
       | Interestingly enough as I understand it, if the pardons haven't
       | been delivered and executed yet they can still be withdrawn. But
       | it might be too late already depending on the execution of them.
        
       | benzible wrote:
       | Apparently Trump screwed up many of the pardons [1]
       | 
       | > The pardon for Paul Manafort (on Dec. 23, 2020), is
       | illustrative. By its own terms, the pardon covers only the crimes
       | "for his conviction" on specific charges and not any other crimes
       | (charged or uncharged). [...] Manafort pleaded to a superseding
       | information containing two conspiracy charges, while the entire
       | underlying indictment -- containing numerous crimes from money
       | laundering, to witness tampering, to violation of the Foreign
       | Agents Registration Act -- now remains open to prosecution as
       | there was no conviction for those charges.
       | 
       | Not sure if this applies to Levandowski - I haven't seen the text
       | of his pardon.
       | 
       | Update: Levandowski's pardon [2] covers "those offenses against
       | the United States individually enumerated and set before me for
       | my consideration." Manafort's pardon [3] lists specific
       | convictions with docket numbers. IANAL so... -\\_(tsu)_/-
       | 
       | [1] https://www.justsecurity.org/74241/the-gaps-in-trumps-
       | pardon...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.justice.gov/file/1357121/download
       | 
       | [3] https://www.justice.gov/file/1349071/download
        
       | tommoor wrote:
       | 20 of the pardons on that list are for people that were convicted
       | of fraud, I'm sure he feels a certain empathy/kinship with these
       | folks.
        
       | coldtea wrote:
       | > _Anthony Levandowski, 40, was sentenced in August to 18 months
       | in prison after pleading guilty in March. He was not in custody
       | but a judge had said he could enter custody once the COVID-19
       | pandemic subsided._
       | 
       | That's the part that caught my eye, not Trump's pardon.
       | 
       | So that's how rich people are treated by the court system...
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | This is how all non-violent criminals are treated. Many many
         | prisoners were even released in the early days of the pandemic.
        
           | coldtea wrote:
           | > _This is how all non-violent criminals are treated._
           | 
           | Not, all. Some are shot on the spot, despite being non-
           | violent, unarmed, or even a kid playing.
           | 
           | Others get life for "three strikes" (non violent).
        
             | koheripbal wrote:
             | Anecdotes are not useful in deciding policy, and trends do
             | not show an unusual number of people of color being shot.
             | 
             | Also, three strikes laws apply to carrier criminals that
             | commit repeated felonies, which in most states require at
             | least one of those felonies to be violent and severely so.
             | 
             | https://freebeacon.com/issues/study-no-racial-difference-
             | pol...
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-strikes_law
        
         | mayankkaizen wrote:
         | Legal system for rich and justice system for poor.
        
       | bluelu wrote:
       | According to https://techcrunch.com/2021/01/19/former-google-
       | engineer-ant...
       | 
       | "Instead, Alsup sentenced Lewandowski to 18 months, but delayed
       | his prison time until the pandemic was under control. Levandowski
       | also agreed to pay $756,499.22 in restitution to Waymo and a fine
       | of $95,000."
       | 
       | So he didn't even spend a single minute in prison. Wow
        
         | tinyhouse wrote:
         | To be honest I don't know the fine details about the
         | allegations against him and what he already paid. His
         | reputation would definitely never be the same. The fact he
         | didn't spend time in prison might be a good thing. I recall
         | seeing a horrifying doco about a guy in prison who stabbed
         | another inmate like 100 times and killed him. The stabber was
         | already doing life in jail for murder. But his partner who
         | helped him by holding that inmate down is a guy who ended up in
         | prison for a minor fraud of a check or something along those
         | lines. The fact they mix those people in prison is crazy (that
         | was a pretty old case, maybe today things are different).
        
           | tartoran wrote:
           | I doubt this type of crime would land in the same type of
           | prison this type incident you mentioned happens. But I might
           | be wrong. If anybody knows, What chances are for convicted
           | white-collar criminals to end up with violent cellmates of
           | non-white collar crimes?
        
             | throwaway90434 wrote:
             | As someone convicted of a low level white collar crime, who
             | ended up in a prison with many violent criminals and saw
             | people get stabbed, I would have to disagree. This is a
             | totally incorrect speculation. BOP has no oversight and is
             | totally wack. I'm glad he didn't go to prison: he's already
             | suffered the reputation consequences he deserves.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | 0goel0 wrote:
         | This is by design. White collar crime is rarely prosecuted and
         | convicted.
         | 
         | https://www.huffpost.com/highline/article/white-collar-crime...
        
           | evgeniysharapov wrote:
           | In this case though he was prosecuted and convicted.
        
             | 0goel0 wrote:
             | I know. I'm saying that the friction to conviction is high
             | enough.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | I mean serious criminals are being released from prison in CA
         | due to Covid so I'm not sure he's getting special treatment in
         | that aspect.
        
           | 0goel0 wrote:
           | What's not serious about stealing and selling trade secrets,
           | jeopardizing life-saving R&D, blatantly disrespecting the
           | law, and walking away with hundreds of millions of dollars
           | expecting not to be caught?
        
             | tomerico wrote:
             | He declared bankruptcy, hence walked out much poorer than
             | he started. At the end of the day it was IP theft, which
             | for regular people creates more competition and can
             | accelerate the "life-saving R&D".
             | 
             | IP laws exist for a good reason, but it's hard to say that
             | he has done serious damage to society.
        
               | blackguardx wrote:
               | He started a church and it is alleged that he funneled a
               | lot of money into it. I think he is doing alright.
        
       | gwbas1c wrote:
       | (Joke)
       | 
       | What, no pardon for Joe Exotic?
       | 
       | How are we going to survive the lockdown without more of his
       | antics on Netflix?
        
       | NelsonMinar wrote:
       | It's weird to see the Republican party embrace intellectual
       | property theft. Levandowski stole from his employer and his
       | colleagues at Google to enrich himself at Uber. Why would that
       | possibly be worth a pardon?
        
         | ketamine__ wrote:
         | Can he be retried in state or local court?
        
         | apozem wrote:
         | Adam Serwer, an excellent writer, explained it: [1]
         | 
         | > Law and order, for this president, simply means that he and
         | his ideological allies are above the law, while others, such as
         | [George] Floyd, are merely subject to it.
         | 
         | Lewandowski's pardon request was endorsed by Peter Thiel, a
         | huge Trump backer, so he gets to be above the law. Simple.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/06/chauvin-
         | di...
        
           | sleepybrett wrote:
           | I saw reporting that Thiel (and Palmer Luckey) also received
           | a pardon. Anyone have a link to that, I'd like to see
           | specifically what he was pardoned for...
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | That's not correct. The reporting was that Thiel and Luckey
             | lobbied Trump to get a pardon for Levandowski.
        
         | thesausageking wrote:
         | They're not justifying it. Thiel was a big supporter of Trump
         | and lobbied to get Levandowski a pardon, so Trump is returning
         | the favor.
        
           | sleepybrett wrote:
           | Thiel also got a pardon.. for what exactly? Also Luckey?
        
             | nlh wrote:
             | No I think perhaps you are misreading the announcement.
             | Thiel, Luckey et al were backers of the pardon for
             | Levandowski and involved in the process, not recipients of
             | pardons themselves.
        
           | tsycho wrote:
           | What's Thiel getting out of it though? How does pardoning
           | Levandowski help him?
        
             | dannykwells wrote:
             | I guess we shall see.
        
             | imglorp wrote:
             | Maybe Thiel would like Levandowski to work for Luminar?
             | 
             | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-24/thiel-
             | bac...
             | 
             | Dumb question, if Levandowski used the (allegedly)
             | purloined IP at a new employer, could he be charged with a
             | new crime or would he be clear to proceed under double
             | jeopardy?
        
         | sn_master wrote:
         | I can say similar things about many of the Obama pardons, but
         | I'll get downvoted into oblivion if I do so. Pardon is by
         | definition an admission of guilt, and Levandowski has already
         | paid a steep price for what he did.
        
           | abruzzi wrote:
           | I suspect in this case that you are getting downvoted
           | /because/ you didn't provide specifics. It's certainly
           | possible that some Obama pardons were self serving, I didn't
           | hear much about his pardons at the time, but I'm open to the
           | idea that some are morally dubious, but I would need names
           | and why it is dubious, rather than innuendo. Many people on
           | both sides felt Clinton's pardon of Mark Rich was pretty
           | iffy.
        
           | tacon wrote:
           | >Pardon is by definition an admission of guilt
           | 
           | That is one of the oldest myths about pardons. While you do
           | not have to accept a pardon, your acceptance is not an
           | admission of guilt. All the soldiers in the Confederacy did
           | not have to admit their guilt. All the Vietnam draft dodgers
           | did not have to admit their guilt. And Caspar Weinberger did
           | not admit his guilt when Bush 41 pardoned him, because
           | neither thought he had committed a crime.
           | 
           | https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/five-myths/five-
           | myths...
        
           | sanderjd wrote:
           | Which ones?
        
           | jshevek wrote:
           | You may be correct, but complaining that you will be down
           | voted often leads to additional downvotes.
        
             | sn_master wrote:
             | Not complaining, just pointing out the bias in this
             | community.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | The 'bias' in this community is for demanding evidence,
               | of which you have provided none. You said "I can say
               | similar things about many of the Obama pardons" - well,
               | if you can, do, otherwise, well, STFU.
               | 
               | And I'm not being facetious. It's worth comparing Obama's
               | (or any previous president's) process for granting
               | pardons with Trump's.
        
               | jshevek wrote:
               | There are numerous simultaneous biases. IMO you are both
               | correct.
        
               | sn_master wrote:
               | > or any previous president's
               | 
               | You mean like Bill Clinton who pardoned his brother's
               | drug charges?
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | Yes, exactly like that. That is a good, specific example
               | that anyone can investigate and see how it compares to
               | Trump's pardons. Still waiting on the examples from Obama
               | that "you can say similar things about".
        
               | sn_master wrote:
               | James Robert Adelman? Teresa Clark?
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | OK, great:
               | 
               | James Robert Adelman: pardoned after being convicted of
               | embezzling from his company, sentenced to 12 years
               | imprisonment, _which he served_.
               | 
               | Teresa Clark: convicted of "Knowingly disposing of a
               | firearm to a person convicted of a crime punishable by a
               | term of imprisonment exceeding one year (three counts);
               | falsification of firearms purchase forms (two counts)",
               | sentenced to 3 years probation and 1 year of house arrest
               | _which she served_.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what your point is in these examples. I
               | couldn't find more details on the reasons for their
               | pardons, but letting people clear their record well after
               | they have served their time is a common use of pardons.
               | None of that is true in the Anthony Levandowski case, or
               | for that matter the slew of other pardons and
               | commutations Trump gave to his close associates and
               | cronies.
        
               | sn_master wrote:
               | Point of pardon is to restore one's rights such as voting
               | and gun ownership and eligibility for public and other
               | positions. Commutation is only one aspect of pardon.
               | 
               | Most of yesterday's pardoned folks also either fully
               | served or served a majority of their sentence.
        
               | jshevek wrote:
               | Revising my statement: mentioning the probability of your
               | comment being downvoted can bring more downvotes,
               | independently of other biases.
        
           | rchaud wrote:
           | Try to assume good faith in your responses.
           | 
           | If your points about Obama pardons are valid, then they
           | should stand on their own merits, and it shouldn't bother you
           | if it's 'downvoted into oblivion'.
        
         | franklampard wrote:
         | Corruption
        
         | coryfklein wrote:
         | Donald Trump is not the Republican party.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | You can say that when any significant percentage don't follow
           | him in lockstep. Very few elected officials are willing to
           | disagree with him in public, most backed dishonest claims or
           | opposition to public health measures, and he has high
           | approval ratings from Republican voters: it's his party.
        
             | coryfklein wrote:
             | Yes, but in the context of presidential pardons there is
             | nothing the GOP can do to either back the president or not
             | back the president. It doesn't make sense to attribute
             | presidential pardons to The Republican Party when there is
             | a sole individual who decides who to pardon and why.
             | 
             | I'll point out that, now that Donald Trump is out of power,
             | many in the GOP in general have been rather quick to turn
             | their backs on him and outright criticize him. While he was
             | in power, sure, Republicans politicians were politically
             | savvy enough to side with him, knowing that the alternative
             | was suicide. But there is now room to disagree with Trump
             | and we're seeing many (like Mitch McConnell, and you don't
             | get more Republican than him!) use that opportunity to
             | distance themselves.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | It's true that the direct decision was his but this
               | doesn't happen in a vacuum. People talk beforehand --
               | this is reportedly why he didn't pardon himself or his
               | children - and especially now there's no reason why a
               | member of Congress or other national leader couldn't
               | speak against something like this. It practically writes
               | itself -- "Republicans support private property rights,
               | thievery isn't something we condone" - so if they want an
               | easy way to show that Trump isn't the party, all they
               | have to do is start.
               | 
               | > While he was in power, sure, Republicans politicians
               | were politically savvy enough to side with him, knowing
               | that the alternative was suicide.
               | 
               | It's not that easy: some people were making a cold
               | political calculation but we're far enough down the Tea
               | Party rabbit hole that there are members who earnestly
               | believe what used to be fringe beliefs. I mean, think
               | about how many right now are willing to unequivocally say
               | that Biden legitimately won the election, which is almost
               | the weakest sop to objective reality possible. That's not
               | going to reverse itself quickly, especially without a
               | hard fight from everyone else still in the party. I know
               | some people who are trying to pull the party back from
               | the edge and I wish them success but the odds aren't
               | looking great.
        
               | joshuahaglund wrote:
               | Come on, suicide? If you loose your job for saying "this
               | is unethical" do you call that suicide? It's called
               | having a backbone. "If you are neutral in situations of
               | injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor."
               | These GOP folks who stood behind Trump but are now
               | critical choose the side that's winning at the time
               | rather than stand up for what's right.
        
         | wedn3sday wrote:
         | Reportedly its "worth a pardon" for about $2M a pop. Much
         | cheaper then paying the amount Levandowski owed in the
         | settlement, so its just good business.
        
         | choppaface wrote:
         | It's not just he "stole the secrets," he was so reckless that
         | while at Google he instigated perhaps the first self-driving
         | car crash in California: https://jalopnik.com/the-engineer-in-
         | the-google-vs-uber-stol...
        
         | PascLeRasc wrote:
         | I think some of it might be just schadenfreude for Google mixed
         | with Uber's prop 22 pretending to be for the "free market".
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | simonebrunozzi wrote:
       | > Mr. Levandowski has paid a significant price for his actions
       | and plans to devote his talents to advance the public good.
       | 
       | What a laugh. Significant price? How so?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rjsw wrote:
         | I thought the price was $2M.
        
           | simonebrunozzi wrote:
           | Ballpark, yes. I was being sarcastic. It's a gentle slap of
           | the hand for him. Nothing more.
        
           | cush wrote:
           | That's the going rate for Trump pardons
        
             | darig wrote:
             | That's what Giuliani is charging... he probably gets them
             | wholesale at a rate.
        
           | throw7 wrote:
           | john kiriakou said he was seen by trump on tucker carlson and
           | requested jared look into him. jared reached out and part of
           | his pardon "application" was 1/4 of the single page dedicated
           | to how being pardoned would help get trump reelected.
        
             | jonny_eh wrote:
             | After the election?
        
       | villgax wrote:
       | Way to go Peter Thiel & his lobbying money
        
       | brunoTbear wrote:
       | Nice to see Peter Thiel get one last jab in against common
       | decency before Trump is out of office.
       | 
       | Does anyone think Lewandowski's conduct is acceptable or
       | defensible? He defrauded everyone involved in Le Affaire Uber.
        
       | xutopia wrote:
       | Law and order unless they're my friends or that I can make 2
       | million with it.
        
         | User23 wrote:
         | The pardon power is enshrined in the highest law of the land
         | and is thus lawful and orderly. There is no contradiction here.
        
       | throwaway22442 wrote:
       | Good news for his current self driving company, Pronto.ai.
        
       | cairoshikobon wrote:
       | Did they wipe out the entire old site? The link isn't working
       | anymore and everything looks different.
        
         | joncrane wrote:
         | I believe up until noon the website was "whitehouse.gov" and
         | now that he's no longer POTUS it's trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | boolean wrote:
       | > Mr. Levandowski has paid a significant price for his actions
       | and plans to devote his talents to advance the public good.
       | 
       | As a thief, he should be in prison. He hasn't paid any price.
       | He's still a millionaire, will probably start another company and
       | raise billions in next 3 years.
        
         | Cookingboy wrote:
         | >paid a significant price
         | 
         | Is that price a large sum of money to a particular SuperPAC in
         | the near future?
        
           | gogopuppygogo wrote:
           | You can take performance fees for raising money for a pac and
           | not be licensed.
           | 
           | Great way to make large sums of money if you have skills to
           | raise money.
        
         | ocdtrekkie wrote:
         | Not only this, but Mr. Levandowski has made it clear he thinks
         | his car failing to cause the first self-driving fatality would
         | mean they were _behind_.
         | 
         | The man believes manslaughter is the cost of doing business for
         | innovation. He should be in prison for much more than he got.
        
           | maxlamb wrote:
           | Source? That is pretty horrifying if true
        
             | ocdtrekkie wrote:
             | > Last summer, after a man died in a Tesla that was using
             | the car's Autopilot system, which allows for autonomous
             | driving on highways, Levandowski told several Uber
             | engineers that they were not pushing aggressively enough.
             | "I'm pissed we didn't have the first death," Levandowski
             | said, according to a person familiar with the conversation.
             | (Levandowski denies saying this.)
             | 
             | https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2017/05/inside-uber-
             | lawsuits...
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | The first death in a powered airplane was where one of the
           | Wrights crashed carrying a passenger, and he died.
           | 
           | Should the airplane have never been invented and the Wrights
           | jailed for trying?
        
             | user-the-name wrote:
             | Where do you get this "the airplane should never have been
             | invented" from? Nobody has made an argument even remotely
             | like that.
             | 
             | What was said, at the most, was that maybe the Wright
             | brothers should have had to face consequences for
             | endangering that passenger. That maybe they acted
             | recklessly.
             | 
             | I don't think that carrying that particular passenger was
             | the one crucial step towards inventing airplanes.
        
             | n4r9 wrote:
             | There's a difference between accepting the costs of
             | progress and actively wanting to be indirectly responsible
             | for death.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | >> The man believes manslaughter is the cost of doing
               | business for innovation
               | 
               | > There's a difference between accepting the costs of
               | progress
               | 
               | I'm not seeing the essential difference here.
               | 
               | P.S. I know nothing about Levandowski, his beliefs, or
               | his statements. Just commenting on what the parent wrote.
        
               | n4r9 wrote:
               | I'm also only commenting on what the parent wrote to be
               | fair. My point is that being _disappointed_ not to be
               | involved in a death - as that comment suggests - is a
               | level of callousness that goes well beyond accepting the
               | cost of progress.
        
               | ocdtrekkie wrote:
               | Here's the context in question:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25847994
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | "Levandowski denies saying this."
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Since I don't know the man, I prefer to be charitable and
               | am willing to assume he was just being inept in his
               | choice of phrasing rather than assuming he is evil.
               | 
               | I worked on the stab trim gearbox design for the Boeing
               | 757. That gearbox is "flight critical", meaning total
               | failure of it means a crash. I'm very proud that the stab
               | trim system has never caused an accident in the service
               | history of the 757. (Of course, the design was an
               | iteration on the highly successful 747 equivalent, not
               | anything revolutionary.)
        
               | n4r9 wrote:
               | Ok, it's fine to make different assumptions about the
               | context. I think you could have made it clearer in your
               | initial response that that's how you saw it.
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | Yes, what is the difference between a passenger willingly
             | getting on an experimental airplane that subsequently
             | crashed and an entirely unrelated pedestrian mowed down by
             | an Uber SUV as a fully predictable consequence of their
             | trash engineering practices?
        
           | hulitu wrote:
           | > The man believes manslaughter is the cost of doing business
           | for innovation. He should be in prison for much more than he
           | got.
           | 
           | Evil scientist Boo Evil scientist Boo
        
           | Veen wrote:
           | Although it might be tempting, you can't really send people
           | to prison for disagreeing with your ethics.
        
             | bryanrasmussen wrote:
             | much imprisonment is based on just this, even if an action
             | is required to send you on the road to prison your ethics
             | are used as indicator of whether you should actually go
             | there or not.
        
             | user-the-name wrote:
             | Reckless endangerment is a thing, you know.
        
             | KSteffensen wrote:
             | I truly hope that most laws have some basis in ethics where
             | getting people killed is unethical.
        
         | MrMorden wrote:
         | He'll commit more felonies because criminals can't stop
         | themselves from criming.
        
       | franklampard wrote:
       | Corruption
        
       | koonsolo wrote:
       | A democratic system should have separation of powers [1]. This
       | clearly is a part where politics has power where it shouldn't
       | have.
       | 
       | I know the intend behind this 'pardoning' idea, but both in
       | theory and practice this seems very bad.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_powers#Compariso...
        
       | thro4234324 wrote:
       | Trump really is quite shameless.
       | 
       | Meanwhile, the US is illegally pursuing Assange, and is
       | penalizing Snowden for following the very same values that the US
       | ostensibly holds.
       | 
       | The alt-media is calling Trumpers as the new "Liberty movt.", yet
       | they call for American hegemony on Asia and elsewhere, and their
       | policy directions are equally counter-indicative. Liberty my ass.
        
       | yannis7 wrote:
       | curious if this is a direct challenge to Google by people like
       | Thiel who have had a historic beef with them [0] - according to
       | the "Super Pumped" book [1], it was Larry Page who personally
       | ordered the litigation against Levandowski - and he was pretty
       | decisive about it.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-07-15/thiel-
       | urg... [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Pumped
        
       | gigatexal wrote:
       | The Trump saga lasted 4 years though it will probably take the
       | rest of my lifetime for the US to heal from Trump and all the
       | acolytes his administration emboldened; from the radical right,
       | to enabling grifters, to draconian and in humane immigration
       | policies (kids in cages, wtf?!?), and a whole lack and mistrust
       | of science, not to mention the rise of QAnon and just the overall
       | tarnishing of any semblance of American leadership abroad
       | (because he is such a joke and his administration, too).
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | >kids in cages, wtf?!?)
         | 
         | I'm sure you've heard this before, but Obama built the cages.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > I'm sure you've heard this before, but Obama built the
           | cages.
           | 
           | I'm sure you've heard this before, but Obama implemented
           | policies to limit the necessity for their use, while the
           | Trump Administration deliberately maximized their use.
        
             | techplex wrote:
             | Source?
        
           | croon wrote:
           | Under Obama:
           | 
           | If you commit a crime while having entered the country, you
           | are charged in criminal court, meaning you are put in jail
           | awaiting trial. Your kids can't be put in jail with you, thus
           | they are taken care of separately.
           | 
           | If you don't commit a crime, you are charged in civil court
           | and not put in jail awaiting trial, so your kids aren't taken
           | from you.
           | 
           | Under Trump:
           | 
           | Charge everyone in criminal court [0], take away everyone's
           | kids, despite evidence that it doesn't deter [1], because we
           | are evil vindictive (inferred from facts) [expletive]
           | (assumed).
           | 
           | [0] https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/09/27/far-
           | more-im...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-
           | security/borde...
        
       | almost_usual wrote:
       | I guess that's one way to strike back at Google.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | I'm thinking that's a big driver? Google must _be pissed_.
         | 
         | But correct me if I'm wrong this has no impact on civil suits?
         | So he's still on the hook for any damages.
        
           | unityByFreedom wrote:
           | "Getting away with it" like this isn't something anyone else
           | is likely to repeat so I doubt they're pissed.
        
       | paul7986 wrote:
       | Google steals intellectual property itself
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18566929 . No surprise one
       | of it's own stole IP from them (where'd he learned to do such)
       | and in the end they get what they give!
        
         | VikingCoder wrote:
         | Is that how it works? Multiple wrongs make a right?
        
           | paul7986 wrote:
           | karma .... which is how it should be no? You do bad ..no
           | matter what you do it will come back at you!
        
             | VikingCoder wrote:
             | I'm confused how you can watch the actions of human people,
             | and ascribe the outcomes to "karma."
        
       | slg wrote:
       | >This pardon is strongly supported by James Ramsey, Peter Thiel,
       | Miles Ehrlich, Amy Craig, Michael Ovitz, Palmer Luckey, Ryan
       | Petersen, Ken Goldberg, Mike Jensen, Nate Schimmel, Trae
       | Stephens, Blake Masters, and James Proud, among others.
       | 
       | I guess it pays to have rich friends.
        
         | getpost wrote:
         | Which Ken Goldberg? The UC Berkeley professor?
         | https://goldberg.berkeley.edu/
        
         | rijoja wrote:
         | ... or maybe they are competent and knows how to advance the
         | public good.
        
           | chandra381 wrote:
           | How does Anthony Lewandowski being pardoned advance any
           | public good? I would argue it does the exact opposite.
        
             | tomp wrote:
             | His conviction is based on being a fall guy for Uber's
             | corporate espionage.
             | 
             | His pardon could be interpreted as a strike against "piracy
             | is theft" mindset and the idea of "intellectual property"
             | in general that HN often rallies against.
             | 
             | I'm quite disappointed by Trump's pardons but this one is
             | actually a good one.
        
               | 0goel0 wrote:
               | > His conviction is based on being a fall guy for Uber's
               | corporate espionage
               | 
               | Do you have any evidence that he didn't commit the crimes
               | he is convicted of? Because his lawyers would've loved to
               | talk to you last year.
        
               | rijoja wrote:
               | yeah it struck me as odd. Got downvoted like crazy for
               | this, which is weird since I'd expect people to be
               | leaning towards intellectual freedom here.
               | 
               | It's not as if I said he was not guilty, but rather
               | saying that he would have a lot of information on self
               | driving cars. Which is what he was charged with in the
               | first place.
        
             | rijoja wrote:
             | He co-founded three major self-driving car programs. How is
             | it not obvious that having a well functioning car industry
             | would be beneficial to USA?
        
             | jrockway wrote:
             | I guess it kind of "sticks it" to Google, who Trump thinks
             | is "so biased toward the Dems it is ridiculous!"
             | 
             | I have no idea if there is such a thing as a "revenge
             | pardon", but I guess it's a thing now.
             | 
             | (Incidentally, I wanted to use an exact Trump quote in that
             | first paragraph, and I found it here: https://www.nytimes.c
             | om/interactive/2021/01/19/upshot/trump-...)
        
               | rijoja wrote:
               | or they recognizes the need for the US to have a modern
               | and advanced car industry_
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | How does stealing trade secrets from your employer
               | advance the car industry? Nobody will pay for R&D if
               | competitors can use it for free.
        
           | olliej wrote:
           | ah yes, so much public good comes from rich people being
           | allowed to commit crime.
        
             | rijoja wrote:
             | mm sure do you think the USA would have beat the Soviets to
             | the moon had it not been for this guy: Wernher von Braun?
        
           | hulitu wrote:
           | > ... or maybe they are competent and knows how to advance
           | the public good.
           | 
           | I think corrupt is the right word.
        
             | rijoja wrote:
             | how can you be so sure that he wasn't put there because of
             | corruption in the first place
             | 
             | If highly positioned people in the industry asks to have
             | his competence back on the market, maybe it's the best if
             | the president just listens
             | 
             | He was sentenced to 18 months and served 6. Wouldn't he be
             | out on good behaviour after 9 months anyways?
             | 
             | Are you sure you are not just knee-jerking here?
        
         | gowld wrote:
         | Will anyone powerful in the tech industry have the strength of
         | character to stop doing business with these corrupt cronies?
        
         | hehehaha wrote:
         | [Removed]
        
           | befeltingu wrote:
           | Peter Thiel is a white nationalist? Interesting.
        
             | eplanit wrote:
             | Accusations of racism are the first tool used to respond to
             | anyone they disagree with, it seems.
        
             | NDizzle wrote:
             | At least 75 million people are now white nationalists
             | according to lefties.
             | 
             | They're even coming up with new terms. Terms like
             | "multiracial whiteness" to fit the new narrative. Who knows
             | how many lists I'm on now.
        
               | toiletfuneral wrote:
               | Cry some more
        
               | jl2718 wrote:
               | I'm confused by the term "nationalist". Does it imply
               | violence? I've heard also "separatist". Is that more
               | benign?
        
             | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
             | Buzzfeed claims there are links.
             | https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/rosiegray/peter-
             | thiel-d...
        
         | bobsil1 wrote:
         | Or powerful ones:
         | https://twitter.com/rsingel/status/1351783622362030082
        
           | slg wrote:
           | I'm confused by this comment. It isn't an "or" situation.
           | Thiel is a billionaire and Luckey is pretty close. Those two
           | are powerful primarily because they are rich and they aren't
           | the only two on that list with at least 9 digit fortunes.
           | 
           | EDIT: Or did I completely miss that this was a joke and
           | "powerful" was playing off "white power".
        
           | kenneth wrote:
           | The "ok" hand sign isn't a white power sign just because some
           | people have decided it to be. It's meant ok since as long as
           | anyone can remember. I'm not willing to accept I can't say
           | okay now because some liberal thinkers have decided that
           | that's now become racist. People need to lighten up a bit and
           | not make everything an affront.
        
             | spacemanmatt wrote:
             | The white supremacy sign is a white power sign because
             | white supremacists use it to signal each other. It is
             | called a "dog whistle" because people like you cannot hear
             | it accurately.
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | Whoa there, Roofus; have a Milk-Bone of information:
               | 
               |  _" In 2017, users on the message-board site
               | 4chan[40][41][42] aimed to convince the media and other
               | people that the OK gesture was being used as a white
               | power symbol. According to The Boston Globe, users on
               | 4chan's /pol/ ("Politically Incorrect") board were
               | instructed in February 2017 to "flood Twitter and other
               | social media websites...claiming that the OK hand sign is
               | a symbol of white supremacy," as part of a campaign
               | dubbed "Operation O-KKK".[37]_
               | 
               | Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OK_gesture
               | 
               | O-KKK? ... mmmmkay, whatever.
               | 
               | You've been taken for a ride ... a wild-eyed ride with
               | your head sticking out of a rolled-down passenger window.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | Yes, that is how a dog whistle works.
               | 
               | Why are _you_ taking the words of 4chan trolls at face
               | value?
        
               | Out_of_Characte wrote:
               | I have to give 4chan credits where it's due, the weakness
               | of the human mind is fully exploited like what happens
               | when nations use massive propaganda machines. A complete
               | non-issue of people "accidently" making a hand gesture
               | has turned into a full-blown conspiracy theory that
               | validates itself by groups willfully coopting part of the
               | ruse. Whats the use of knowing the hand gesture for white
               | supremacy? we've always had gang signs and they were
               | similarly irrelivant outside the groups that use them.
               | 
               | Really makes one think what I believe to be true that
               | just aint so.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | smoe wrote:
               | From the same section you quoted:
               | 
               | "According to the ADL, by 2019 some white supremacists
               | had begun using the OK symbol "as a sincere expression of
               | White Supremacy", and many white supremacists have
               | acknowledged using the symbol as a gesture of White
               | Power."
        
               | slg wrote:
               | These are such weird arguments. The origins are
               | irrelevant because it wasn't just a trick pulled on
               | normies; white supremacists also fell for the joke. Once
               | they started genuinely using the gesture it did become a
               | symbol of hate. The Wikipedia article you linked says
               | exactly that a few paragraphs below the paragraph you
               | quoted.
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | The origins are _totally_ friggin ' relevant.
               | 
               | Firstly, the OK gesture is a deeply entrenched, familiar,
               | everyday gesture--at least in North American culture.
               | Only a complete moron could think that it suddenly has to
               | do with white supremacy, and accept it for such use to
               | the point of believing that it _is_ a white supremacist
               | symbol and not the OK gesture any more, so that anyone
               | using it is a racist.
               | 
               | Secondly, anyone who has any doubts about it whatsoever
               | can search for it, and learn about the 2017 4chan
               | campaign in seconds.
               | 
               | Therefore, thirdly, the situations in which the gesture
               | refers to the hoax-induced meaning are very narrow, like
               | someone pulling the gesture on camera behind a black
               | man's back or something like that, or a _known_ white
               | supremacist pulling it in courtroom. Then we know  "oh,
               | he's referring to that 4chan meme". Where by "we" I mean
               | that minority of people who are informed about this.
               | 
               | And that's all it is; some damned Internet meme, and a
               | minor one. Nobody will remember it in 5, 10, 15 years.
               | 
               | Do you know Dancing Baby? 1996 3D video meme of a 3D
               | rendered dancing baby: probably the world's first viral
               | video.
               | 
               | Do you remember people saying a delayed "...not!" at the
               | end of a sentence to negate it? "I wanna be your friend
               | ... NOT!"
               | 
               | Same thing, only smaller.
        
               | slg wrote:
               | Ok, let's try an example in which this issue is further
               | heightened. Would you be comfortable displaying a
               | swastika in the western world today? That symbol didn't
               | originate with the Nazis. Most people simply don't care
               | about the origin.
               | 
               | Also I am not saying every use is racist or anything that
               | extreme, but it is clear that in some instances there is
               | a connection between this symbol and white supremacy.
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | That symbol is associated with mass murder of millions
               | and a world war.
               | 
               | Previous to that, it was not a common, everyday symbol
               | used in western culture.
               | 
               | It's not a dumb little joke from 2017 from 4chan.
               | 
               | The Nazis had a hand gesture: the raised arm Roman
               | salute. You can use that salute today without being
               | dubbed a supremacist or Nazi. Just maybe don't shout heil
               | anything while doing it.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | > _white supremacists also fell for the joke. Once they
               | started genuinely using the gesture it did become a
               | symbol of hate._ [citation needed]
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | White supremacists didn't "fall" for the joke; they were
               | obviously instantly infatuated with the idea of hijacking
               | a thoroughly familiar, positive hand gesture for their
               | purposes.
        
               | WickyNilliams wrote:
               | https://nypost.com/2019/03/15/suspected-new-zealand-
               | shooter-...
               | 
               | The Christchurch shooter, whilst likely in on the "joke",
               | made the gesture in court. At that point, the difference
               | between it being a joke made by a white supremacist, or a
               | symbol of white supremacism evaporates. It is a symbol
               | used by a white supremacist, therefore it is a white
               | supremacist symbol.
               | 
               | Context matters of course, but I don't feel you can truly
               | deny it has taken on meaning outside of the original joke
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | > _I don 't feel you can truly deny it has taken on
               | meaning outside of the original joke._
               | 
               | It hasn't. The supremacist using it in court room is
               | using it entirely within the context of the original
               | joke. Within the context of the joke, that is, but not
               | within the joke. He's using it knowingly. The original
               | joke is "get people to see the OK gesture as a racist
               | symbol, so that people are then pranked in situations in
               | which someone who fell for the hoax embarasses himself by
               | calling out someone else who uses the gesture in the
               | usual way and has no idea about the hoax. Hardy har har,
               | hoo hoo."
               | 
               | I'm not a white supremacist or neo-nazi. Can I put a
               | swastika on my jacket, such that everyone understands
               | it's not a symbol of nazism, because I'm not a confirmed
               | nazi, not standing in a court room for crimes connected
               | with my ideology?
               | 
               | You have to start a war and kill at least a few hundred
               | thousand people before you get to hijack a common hand
               | gesture for your ideology.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | _Context matters of course, but I don 't feel you can
               | truly deny it has taken on meaning outside of the
               | original joke_
               | 
               | Oh I do deny. Nearly every example ever shown is
               | indistinguishable from accident or people using it for
               | other purposes. Mexican workers "flashes" it while
               | driving around: fired. West Point cadets goofing off,
               | punching each other: sanctioned. Random individuals in
               | photos: obviously white supremacist.
               | 
               | to inflate this non-issue, and then use the very fact of
               | its inflation as justification for its further inflation
               | is reprehensible, and then get actual innocent people
               | labeled as racist. Truly despicable
        
               | WickyNilliams wrote:
               | You asked for an example, so I gave a particularly
               | egregious example of exactly what you asked for. You
               | suddenly switch your position to "nearly every example"
               | and do not address the very specific and relevant example
               | I gave at all.
               | 
               | /shrug
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | I was very clear elsewhere what it would take to convince
               | me that there is something to this nonsense. One guy
               | using it in a courtroom ain't it. Did anyone interview
               | him about it? Ask what it was, where he heard about it,
               | what our who he was trying to signal, if he was? Or, did
               | the journalist make up the association on their own?
        
               | WickyNilliams wrote:
               | I'm not here to read your entire comment history. I
               | replied to a specific request of yours with a relevant
               | example. You go off on a mostly irrelevant screed.
               | 
               | Come on. Does it really need to be speculated on? That
               | "one guy" is a white supremacist who killed 50+ people -
               | I think it's pretty clear what his intentions were. On
               | top of that, his written manifesto was a) steeped in
               | 4chan memes and winks to those in the know, b) released
               | on either 8chan or 4chan itself. So it is clear he would
               | know the origins and was playing it up
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | > _I 'm not here to read your entire comment history_
               | 
               | I wouldn't ordinarily expect that of anyone, except that
               | you had already replied.
               | 
               | Perhaps we should define terms. When people use the term
               | "white supremacist symbol" I hear something that is used
               | by everyone including white supremacists to unambiguously
               | signal white supremacy. A Nazi flag. A burning cross.
               | Shaved head, bomber jacket, combat boots, and most
               | importantly, white laces.
               | 
               | The content of these particular symbols stem self-
               | consciously from their progenitors: putative Aryan
               | heritage in the case of the swastika, the purity of
               | Protestant Christian values for the burning cross, etc
               | 
               | A symbol that everyone uses - including white
               | supremacists - to mean something else - "OK" - is not a
               | white supremacist symbol by that definition.
               | 
               | Its history as a purported white supremacist symbol, a
               | joke on a trolling board, doesn't follow that of actual
               | such symbols
               | 
               | The movement to turn it into a white supremacist symbol
               | is now driven largely by serious, earnest, white
               | leftists, curiously enough. I point to the people who are
               | constantly pointing it out as evidence as my evidence.
               | Why is this, I wonder? It's curious.
               | 
               | > _his written manifesto was a) steeped in 4chan memes
               | and winks to those in the know_
               | 
               | Assuming that's true, then it's even more evidence to me
               | that OK is not a "white supremacist symbol" his own white
               | supremacy notwithstanding. He, your best evidence that it
               | is, this fellow who used it, is well versed in its origin
               | as a joke.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | slg wrote:
               | The very next sentence of that comment referred to the
               | previously linked Wikipedia article with its own
               | citations. You were one click away from being able to
               | answer your own snarky comment.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | The reason you believe so strongly it's a white supremacy
               | symbol is because it fits, no reinforces, your political
               | views.
        
               | apexalpha wrote:
               | You really think people now use "OK", a sign used for
               | years, to signal they are racist?
               | 
               | I think you're the butt of the joke here...
        
               | limaoscarjuliet wrote:
               | A SCUBA diver here. Apparently we are all racist while
               | submerged.
        
               | Ardren wrote:
               | Are you thick? Really. Can you not see the difference?
               | 
               | It would only be an issue if you were SCUBA diving with a
               | white supremacist and doing the hand sign.
        
               | pygy_ wrote:
               | When you read "inflammable", you can often, from the
               | context, determine whether it means flammable or not.
               | Sometimes you can't.
               | 
               | The same applies to the OK sign.
               | 
               | Flashing it surrounded by notorious racists after the
               | 4chan hoax leaves no doubt about the intended meaning.
               | 
               | Also, given that's it's now been coopted by nazis, you
               | may want to be careful when flashing it if you want to
               | avoid embarrassing ambiguities, yes. It was probably a
               | fad in these circles, not sure it is still used, but
               | still.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | > Flashing it surrounded by notorious racists after the
               | 4chan hoax leaves no doubt about the intended meaning.
               | 
               | Trolling is a meaning. I think in that situation it's
               | even more ambiguous since the "troll power" is so much
               | greater then.
               | 
               | I think it's unambiguous that the user is a shit-stirrer
               | certainly, probably an asshole. But not necessarily
               | racist. Or no more so than your average run of the mill
               | "everyone is racist subconsciously" racist.
               | 
               | I think what's hard is that it's a negative thing to do
               | that brings more chaos and harm into the world. It could
               | be racist/white power that is super bad, let's say 100 on
               | the bad-o-meter. Or it could be trolling the pearl
               | clutchers that is mildly bad, let's say 11 on the bad-o-
               | meter. And for scale, punching someone in the face is 200
               | and murdering someone is 1000.
        
               | pygy_ wrote:
               | Even if it is meant as a troll, it is still a way to
               | signal kinship, among folks whose views are not exactly a
               | secret.
               | 
               | Haha, only serious...
               | 
               | Hence, ultimately, a racist (if layered) symbol in this
               | context. It's not been flashed as a joke by non-racist
               | people.
        
               | hairofadog wrote:
               | I'm not disagreeing with your larger point, but FYI
               | "inflammable" always means "easily catches fire" and
               | never anything else.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | I never thought I'd see the Simpsons Dr Nick joke in real
               | life.
        
               | pygy_ wrote:
               | Not a native speaker, and I thought it was one of these
               | words that are their own antonym... Must have crossed
               | wires :-)
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Context matters in almost all human communication. And
               | humans are pretty good at negotiating context. Scuba
               | divers won't lose the symbol. But scuba divers also don't
               | protect a bunch of people posing with Richard Spencer and
               | making the gesture.
        
               | unishark wrote:
               | > And humans are pretty good at negotiating context.
               | 
               | In politics? I think people are pretty bad at
               | understanding context about people they see as having
               | different values. The way you handle uncertainty is to
               | fill in the blanks with prior knowledge, also known as
               | bias. When someone has a bias against the person, that
               | turns quite ugly.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Less well in politics, but still well enough. Certainly
               | well enough not to be confused about its use when diving.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | "Dog whistle" is a term bat-shit-crazy people and
               | opportunists use to mark whoever they like on anything
               | they can drum up.
               | 
               | "You think what he said was inoffensive? That's because
               | it's a dog whistle!".
               | 
               | It's not that some dog whistles don't exist (e.g. upon
               | secret societies, etc). It's that it's used as a weapon
               | with the flimsiest of excuses.
               | 
               | It's the 2020 version of "Have you stopped beating your
               | wife?" question.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | To believe that dog-whistles exist as an actual thing
               | used effectively, one would also have to believe:
               | 
               | a) A group of people (e.g. white supremacists) do not
               | already know that the dog-whistler (e.g. a politician) is
               | a member or sympathizer of their group
               | 
               | b) That this person who sympathizes with this secret
               | group wants to signal sympathy with this secret group,
               | but cannot do it directly (that is, by email or letter or
               | direct contact), and so must somehow _signal_ through
               | public words and deeds
               | 
               | c) This signal will somehow, hopefully, be invisible to
               | everyone who is listening except for members of the
               | secret group
               | 
               | The prototypical example is politicians talking about
               | "thugs" and "welfare queens" as _dog-whistling_ a racist
               | contempt for black people. I can definitely accept that
               | using such language could be such a signal, especially
               | with the context of aligned policy pronouncements, but it
               | 's pretty blatant and not a _dog-whistle_.
        
               | tomp wrote:
               | Exactly. The only reasonable use of the word "dog-
               | whistle" is _"'dog-whistle' is a dog-whistle used to
               | signal support of political correctness and belonging to
               | the left-wing elite and /or an unwillingness to engage in
               | rational argument"_.
        
               | gus_massa wrote:
               | We can't let trolls and white supremacist steal the ok
               | symbol. We must fight back. The problem is that whoever
               | makes the the first step will get called a white
               | supremacist, so nobody want to volunteer.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | No, I'll volunteer. It's a stupid conspiracy theory, and
               | I have nothing but contempt for it. I use it all the
               | time, and always will, regardless of context or the
               | presence of gullible idiots around me.
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | Why do you insist and insult the people who are agaisnt
               | the racist people who call out the symbol. If the symbol
               | is so important to you then your fight should be with the
               | actual white supremacists who have co-opted the symbol
               | and not the people who don't let racists get away with
               | recruitment/trolling/owning the libs by flashing their
               | co-opted gang sign.
               | 
               | It's like you being furious at black people because your
               | great grandparents used to always win their Halloween
               | contest with their pointy hat ghost costume and you're
               | not going to let stupid guillable people keep you from
               | wearing it at parties.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | > _Why do you insist and insult the people who are
               | agaisnt the racist people who call out the symbol._
               | 
               | Because they aren't against racist people. They are pro-
               | idiocy. They're only _pro_ a good thing (being non-
               | racist) by an accident of history and circumstance,
               | certainly not because of sober reflection and empathy.
               | These are the same idiots who would be all in on bullying
               | the Satanic Panic preschool teachers in the 80s, or
               | burning witches ye olden days, or hunting Communists in
               | the 50s
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | I think it's a little telling that you're calling out
               | historically conservative movements and trying to
               | conflate them with a very progressive movement of not
               | letting white supremacists use their favorite recruitment
               | tool of "it's just a joke bro... unless you actually
               | believe it"
        
               | gowld wrote:
               | If we remove white supremacists from positions of public
               | power and view, then we can stop worrying about what hand
               | signals mean. Help us out.
        
               | Udik wrote:
               | My issue with the term "dog whistle" is that it's being
               | abused to attribute nefarious meaning to just anything
               | you want irrespectively of the actual content of the
               | message- by definition the "dog whistle" is something
               | that the message doesn't obviously contain. It's a free
               | interpretation license card.
               | 
               | I think out-of-context interpretation is the major issue
               | of our times: we got used to the idea that it's perfectly
               | fine to report the most damning combination of words in a
               | sentence as if it were the original full sentence; that a
               | joke made on twitter is the same as a political manifesto
               | sent to the press; and that a hand gesture can get the
               | meaning it would have in its worst possible case. This
               | has to stop.
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | Yes, agreed.
               | 
               | Someone creates a weak troll, like "the OK symbol is now
               | an alt-right symbol" and people go crazy over it.
               | 
               | "Oh it's a dog whistle" no, it's an internet meme that
               | got gratuitously amplified for free (this phrase could
               | also be a summary of the Trump campaign).
               | 
               | (Also "true" dog whistles are not explained - their
               | meaning is extrapolated from context. Kinda like saying
               | "yaml lovers" to indicate k8s users)
        
               | bosswipe wrote:
               | The question is, why has it become popular for white
               | supremacists to flash this hand sign? If they are
               | intending to convey that they are white supremacists and
               | we are successfully understanding the message then that
               | is what the hand gesture means. It's like a new word. The
               | trollish origin doesn't change the fact that it has this
               | new meaning in these contexts.
        
               | pygy_ wrote:
               | Getting photographed smiling next to two notorious white
               | supremacists is already fishy. The picture was taken
               | after the sign became a notorious rallying sign for
               | racists. Do you really think that Luckey is aloof to the
               | point of not not knowing what he's doing there?
               | 
               | If you borrowed Occam's razor, you may need to sharpen it
               | a bit before using it.
        
               | Udik wrote:
               | The "ok sign is a white power symbol" thing started as
               | trolling on 4chan. It doesn't mean anything apart from
               | being useful to infuriate other people. You're being
               | trolled.
        
               | pygy_ wrote:
               | Notwithstanding its origins, it was subsequently adopted
               | by racists as a rallying sign. Context matters.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Not going to lie but it's apparent you will see racism
               | wherever you want to despite the evidence.
        
               | pygy_ wrote:
               | What evidence? That it used to be (and still is in many
               | contexts) totally non-racist? I agree with that. But it's
               | also been coopted (humorously, but it still is a rallying
               | sign).
               | 
               | To this day, the swastika is still a religious sign in
               | Hindu and Buddhist cultures. It also carries a nefarious
               | meaning in other contexts.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | "It's just a joke bro" is what fascism has always done to
               | mask its real intent.
               | 
               | https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/7870768-never-believe-
               | that-...
        
               | fredophile wrote:
               | I agree that a bunch of people from 4chan spreading
               | misinformation online could be considered trolling.
               | Taking it into the real world is a step I have a hard
               | time believing. What would the troll's logic be? "I'm
               | going to make all these suckers think I'm a racist"? That
               | seems like an unusual step from anonymous online
               | activity.
        
               | Udik wrote:
               | Trolling, at least in its original meaning, is not
               | "spreading misinformation". It's saying things for the
               | sake of provoking anger in other people that you despise
               | or you just don't connect emotionally with. So it makes
               | perfect sense to me for rightwing trolls to excite anger
               | and confusion in leftwing people by appropriating a
               | completely innocuous gesture and using it as a
               | provocation. It doesn't really have to mean anything or
               | to capture or express your true beliefs- the important
               | thing is just that others will go nuts over it.
        
               | flippinburgers wrote:
               | Supposed dog whistles and the extreme desire to
               | immediately label people based on innocuous
               | gestures/words is the new norm within certain parts of
               | the puritanical left. I never thought I would see the
               | day. It is shocking that what was once the bastion of
               | liberal thought and open-mindedness has become this
               | hyper-judgemental, crucify-all-that-don't-bow-to-our-will
               | movement.
               | 
               | Gems of the left:
               | 
               | Do you want to be on the wrong side of history? Freedom
               | of speech does not mean freedom from consequences!
               | Acknowledge your privilege!
               | 
               | And other deeply manipulative threats/concepts.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | Okay, I'll bite.
               | 
               | >Freedom of speech does not mean freedom from
               | consequences!
               | 
               | How is that false? You can say what you want, outside of
               | threats and the like, but you also get to live with the
               | outcome of saying whatever it is.
               | 
               | I don't see how that's puritanical. It's a statement of
               | fact. I can tell my boss to go f** himself. I can also
               | get fired for doing that.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | I had to read the Scarlet Letter in high school. Hester
               | Prynn had to live with the outcome of saying whatever it
               | was. It was literally puritanical to make her wear a red
               | "A." as the outcome of her speech (v-a-v extramarital
               | sex).
               | 
               | I think the point isn't that speech should have no
               | impact, but that the response to speech should be
               | proportional and what proportional means. The Puritans in
               | Hawthorne's novel thought that making someone a pariah
               | was a proportional response. They were wrong, I think.
               | 
               | But the lesson, I think, is not that we should be more
               | precise in meting out moral judgement, but that we should
               | judge less.
        
               | flippinburgers wrote:
               | It is a trite stick hung above arguments that people want
               | to silence before they even happen which makes it
               | intellectually uninteresting and shallow. And more than
               | anything it is used to further attempt to shame people.
               | There is no compassion in the phrase.
        
               | unishark wrote:
               | I'm guessing their complaint is not about whether it is
               | technically true, but the hypocrisy of the people saying
               | this when they are the ones who create the consequences.
               | Like if your boss tells you you are free to say anything
               | you want then fires you if they don't like it.
        
             | cauthon wrote:
             | Some of the comments below are rather heated. I'd like to
             | quote an excerpt from the Anti-Defamation League's page on
             | the "ok" sign. [1] I think it is a reasonable take that
             | acknowledges the validity of the perspectives posted here.
             | Context is important.
             | 
             | > Use of the okay symbol in most contexts is entirely
             | innocuous and harmless.
             | 
             | > In 2017, the "okay" hand gesture acquired a new and
             | different significance thanks to a hoax by members of the
             | website 4chan to falsely promote the gesture as a hate
             | symbol, claiming that the gesture represented the letters
             | "wp," for "white power." The "okay" gesture hoax was merely
             | the latest in a series of similar 4chan hoaxes using
             | various innocuous symbols; in each case, the hoaxers hoped
             | that the media and liberals would overreact by condemning a
             | common image as white supremacist.
             | 
             | > In the case of the "okay" gesture, the hoax was so
             | successful the symbol became a popular trolling tactic on
             | the part of right-leaning individuals, who would often post
             | photos to social media of themselves posing while making
             | the "okay" gesture.
             | 
             | > Ironically, some white supremacists themselves soon also
             | participated in such trolling tactics, lending an actual
             | credence to those who labeled the trolling gesture as
             | racist in nature. By 2019, at least some white supremacists
             | seem to have abandoned the ironic or satiric intent behind
             | the original trolling campaign and used the symbol as a
             | sincere expression of white supremacy, such as when
             | Australian white supremacist Brenton Tarrant flashed the
             | symbol during a March 2019 courtroom appearance soon after
             | his arrest for allegedly murdering 50 people in a shooting
             | spree at mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand.
             | 
             | > The overwhelming usage of the "okay" hand gesture today
             | is still its traditional purpose as a gesture signifying
             | assent or approval. As a result, someone who uses the
             | symbol cannot be assumed to be using the symbol in either a
             | trolling or, especially, white supremacist context unless
             | other contextual evidence exists to support the contention.
             | Since 2017, many people have been falsely accused of being
             | racist or white supremacist for using the "okay" gesture in
             | its traditional and innocuous sense.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.adl.org/education/references/hate-
             | symbols/okay-h...
        
               | Ericson2314 wrote:
               | Thank you for injecting some sanity in this sub thread.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | The fact you're trying to explain it away makes you sound
             | like a Nazi.
             | 
             | /s
        
             | yread wrote:
             | Or you can use context instead of absolute judgment. When
             | done under water in a scuba suit, it probably means ok.
             | When done when posing with Steve Bannon it probably means
             | white power sign.
        
               | thinkingemote wrote:
               | "Paranoid dynamic of American politics."
        
               | tjalfi wrote:
               | Were you thinking of The Paranoid Style in American
               | Politics[0]?
               | 
               | [0] https://harpers.org/archive/1964/11/the-paranoid-
               | style-in-am...
        
               | thinkingemote wrote:
               | Thanks!
        
               | lldbg wrote:
               | That's some hilariously vacuous reasoning. What's your
               | thought process there? People are complex, just because
               | you don't like them doesnt give you the right to judge
               | their every action in the worst possible light. That's
               | intellectually unsound.
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | Yeah, context is key. We played a game as kids where if
               | you looked at one of us with the ok sign, the one doing
               | the sign got to punch you in the arm. It was joke.
               | 
               | Even though this new origin is a bit of the tail wagging
               | the dog (it started as a joke on 4chan), the ok sign has
               | taken on the meaning of a white power sign in certain
               | situations.
               | 
               | Unfortunately, people have trawled old pics and attacked
               | people for using normal hand gestures. Context and nuance
               | appears to be completely lost on many.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | > _the ok sign has taken on the meaning of a white power
               | sign in certain situations._
               | 
               | >> _When done when posing with Steve Bannon it probably
               | means white power sign._
               | 
               | When a no-kidding, self-admitted, non-LARPing,
               | Stormfront-reading, Klan- or Nazi-party member says "Yeah
               | we've been using the OK symbol for years" then I'll
               | believe it.
               | 
               | But all I've ever seen about this is leftists of a
               | certain type asserting that it's true, with some
               | variation of "I know it's true because all my friends and
               | thought leaders say it's true, and you can see yourself
               | that such people as Steve Bannon use it, and people have
               | even been fired for doing it. Definitely true. Your move,
               | white-supremacy-denier!"
               | 
               | So, no. It's a conspiracy theory, in which denial of the
               | conspiracy is yet more evidence of the conspiracy.
        
               | WickyNilliams wrote:
               | How about the Christchurch shooter flashing it in court?
               | He may have been doing it ironically still, but at that
               | point does it even matter? He was explicitly associating
               | himself and his actions with the symbol. Context matters
               | of course, but what started as a joke has taken on its
               | own life
        
               | marton78 wrote:
               | Wow, that game seems to be surprisingly common! It was
               | played on my school in Munich, Germany.
               | 
               | The rules were: if you look through the loop, you are
               | punched in the upper arm. The puncher has to draw a
               | bull's eye first, then punch, then the recipient must say
               | "thank you" and the puncher must reply "you're welcome"
               | (of course in German, i.e. bitte, danke). Any deviation
               | from the rules is punished by a punch, to be administered
               | in accordance with aforementioned ceremony.
               | 
               | Where did you grow up?
        
               | dharmon wrote:
               | I grew up in South Carolina and we definitely did this
               | (without the "please" and "thank you" part).
               | 
               | If I recall, there was an additional requirement where
               | the ok hand had to be held below your waist, though.
        
               | mijoharas wrote:
               | UK here, the sign also had to be below the waist.
               | 
               | I have relatives my age in new zealand, and it was also
               | common there.
               | 
               | Memes have an amazing power to spread, huh?
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | In the southeastern US. I'm a bit older so things like
               | minor scuffles and fist fights with friends wasn't
               | uncommon. We certainly didn't have as many rules as you
               | outlined, and just used it as another reason to pick on
               | and bruise each others arms.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | The rules were
               | 
               | - the person had to look directly at the ok sign
               | 
               | - the ok sign had to be below the waist
               | 
               | Played it in Ireland too!
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | Having researched the issue carefully [0] I would suggest
               | there is an alternative symbolic interpretation. One that
               | goes something like "our opponents believe anything they
               | read on the internet".
               | 
               | Even if it is used extensively as a political symbol, it
               | doesn't represent white power. It represents a political
               | sub-group disrespecting their opposition for being
               | gullible.
               | 
               | Insofar as it even could represent white power - white
               | power to do what? Have political opinions? It isn't
               | seriously associated with anything heinous.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OK_(gesture)#White_powe
               | r_symbo...
        
               | yread wrote:
               | So, you're saying it either means "white power" or "we're
               | trolling people to think we mean 'white power'"?
               | 
               | As for white power not being associated with anything
               | heinous, yeah "Hail victory" also sounds good. Who
               | doesn't want victory?
        
               | mechEpleb wrote:
               | The whole thing was started as a deliberate meme by /pol/
               | to take an innocent, commonly used hand signal and make
               | the left treat it as a white supremacist dogwhistle. So
               | it can mean anything ranging from "ok" to "this will make
               | the libs angry" to "I am an actual nazi among like minded
               | friends". Which one it is must be discerned from context,
               | meaning that the symbol itself is largely meaningless.
        
               | lmeyerov wrote:
               | Except using as 'this will make libs crazy' means the
               | speaker is still intentionally and loudly embracing
               | racism & racists, even if not their primary aim. So it is
               | a symbol of two forms of racism: direct and supporting.
               | Important to not give racists a free pass just because
               | they are clever, delusional, or are a part of some
               | popular political coalition.
               | 
               | The sedition just happened, and it was because of exactly
               | this kind of manipulative messaging by the same exact
               | people. Breitbart's former editor Bannon even came out of
               | hiding for helping with the riot's speeches and got a
               | pardon in return. I'm hoping that will have been the last
               | straw for most people for tolerating racist double talk
               | and those promoting it.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | I use the symbol to help identify people who believe
               | anything they read on the Internet.
               | 
               | I don't think I've used this symbol since I was a kid to
               | mean "ok," and I certainly won't use it now due to
               | potential association.
               | 
               | But it is nice to be able to easily tell if someone is
               | either stupid or duplicitous by reading them talk about
               | this symbol always meaning white power.
               | 
               | I'm sure if I went looking on nazi sites I would see it
               | used in hate, but every story I've read about it has been
               | a waste of time. I only see a few come through threads
               | like this but when I read the link it's usually someone
               | trolling or ambiguous.
        
               | throwaway2245 wrote:
               | People in this thread must know what plausible
               | deniability is.
               | 
               | When someone is standing next to Steve Bannon posing
               | intentionally with a symbol that could refer to white
               | supremacy, being able to laugh it off as "haha, I just
               | meant OK" gains them the benefits of deniability. (But
               | not very plausible, I think)
               | 
               | People use it _precisely for this reason_ - because it
               | identifies them as a white supremacy sympathiser without
               | being actionable: they keep a trolling or ambiguity
               | defence in their back pocket, wherever that is needed.
        
               | D13Fd wrote:
               | Assuming that is true, they've succeeded in making it too
               | toxic to use. Congrats, I guess?
               | 
               | Are you going to flash a hand signal that might derail
               | your career if someone "misinterprets the context"?
        
               | throwaway5752 wrote:
               | Personally, I don't care if someone is elaborately
               | trolling or being ironic by displaying a swastika. They
               | are still willing to display a swastika.
               | 
               | White supremacists - Nazis, the KKK, Evropa - love Trump.
               | They use this symbol. Who cares whether someone is
               | "ironically" using a symbol indicating their support for
               | that cause or sincerely?
        
               | WickyNilliams wrote:
               | My take is that Poe's Law is bidirectional. You can't
               | tell irony from extremism, nor extremism from irony.
               | 
               | It might have started as an ironic joke, but if it gets
               | adopted earnestly by actual white supremacists (see the
               | Christchurch shooter using it in court), then in some
               | contexts it can be interpreted as a genuine symbol of
               | white supremacy.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | Mr Christchurch Shooter doesn't have that much power. If
               | he wrapped himself in a rainbow flag, it doesn't mean
               | people should stop using rainbow flags. Ditto him using a
               | thumbs up gesture or an OK handsign. His use or disuse of
               | symbol sin his crime is distasteful, but unimportant.
               | 
               | If he thought he could get people to stop using Islamic
               | symbols by displaying them, he would have been festooned
               | with them.
        
               | jamespo wrote:
               | Seems like you should do some more research
        
               | inpdx wrote:
               | Yep. That picture is 100% not flashing the ok sign. It's
               | just so clearly not.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | The ok hand sign can be a perfectly innocuous hand sign in
             | some circumstances, or a white supremacist dog whistle in
             | others. The very purpose why it was adopted by white
             | supremacists is this confusion - this has been explicitly
             | researched by human rights groups.
             | 
             | Of course, the symbol itself carries no white supremacist
             | overtones, just like the swastika in itself does not carry
             | any nazi symbolism (as opposed to, say, a crosssed out star
             | of David, which would be an explicitly anti-semite symbol).
             | However, it's association with and repeated use by Nazi
             | Germany is what gave it a nazi symbolism. Even for such a
             | widely reviled symbol, there are still non-taboo uses. In
             | particular, a left-facing swastika (sauwastika) is a common
             | Buddhist symbol, found often in Asian media with no Nazi
             | connotation. That means that a bald person waving a
             | swastika flag could either be a nazi skin head, or a
             | buddhist monk - context will usually tell you which.
             | 
             | This is similar to "states rights" rhetoric - it has both
             | its literal sense, the discussion of the amount of power
             | states should have vs the federal government; but it also
             | refers more specifically to the "right" to slavery the
             | civil war was fought over. When you hear someone speak
             | about it, you need more context to know which sense is
             | being used.
             | 
             | Human language is complicated like this.
        
               | bobsil1 wrote:
               | A right-facing svastika is a common Hindu blessing on
               | wedding invites, Diwali prayers, etc.
        
             | threatofrain wrote:
             | And if you make the okay sign while posing next to
             | celebrity Steve Bannon, it's up to you how you control your
             | messaging, and it's up to the audience to make a judgment
             | call on receiving your message.
             | 
             | On a more lighthearted issue, Ray Bradbury once abruptly
             | left a guest lecture because students wouldn't agree on
             | themes for his novel. Does a man own his own words? And
             | does a man's meaning belong to him as well? Or is it like
             | sand through one's fingers?
        
             | snakeboy wrote:
             | In reality, these days -- along with most other so-called
             | _dog whistles_ it 's quite effective in trolling
             | reactionaries on the left. That's all. Everyone is in on
             | the joke.
             | 
             | If I'm Don Jr. or Charlie Kirk or whoever, my prerogative
             | is to invoke liberal "tears" so yeah I'm gonna use all the
             | _dog whistle_ words like  "thugs" and flash the OK symbol,
             | because it scores them points with the right, multiplied by
             | the amount of outrage it causes from the left.
             | 
             | Of course this dynamic only really exists in political
             | contexts. Elsewhere it just means "OK" as always. However,
             | it would be equally absurd to assume that politicians
             | haven't caught on to public perception of this kind of
             | stuff and are exploiting it for their advantage (via
             | democrats clutching their pearls and republicans trying to
             | induce said pearl-clutching)
        
               | midasz wrote:
               | Sounds like a really healthy mindset.
        
               | snakeboy wrote:
               | It sounds like cynical politicians doing what they always
               | do: pitting their followers against "the enemy" for
               | personal gain.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | muldvarp wrote:
             | You could use the exact same argument for the swastika. The
             | swastika became the symbol of nazism because the nazis
             | decided it to be. It was a religious symbol for thousands
             | of years at that point.
             | 
             | The key is to use context. A swastika on a temple that's
             | older than nazism? Yeah, not a nazi symbol. A swastika on a
             | flag at a right-wing protest in America in 2020? Probably
             | not a religious symbol.
        
               | levosmetalo wrote:
               | > The key is to use context. A swastika on a temple
               | that's older than nazism? Yeah, not a nazi symbol. A
               | swastika on a flag at a right-wing protest in America in
               | 2020? Probably not a religious symbol.
               | 
               | What about an Indian student with a swastika tatoo
               | passing by a right-wing protest? Is it a religious or
               | political symbol then?
        
               | muldvarp wrote:
               | It is of course possible to construct fictitious contexts
               | in which it is hard to tell what symbols mean. That
               | doesn't mean that those symbols don't have meaning.
        
       | harrisonjackson wrote:
       | I didn't realize how many pardons are handed out by presidents.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_or_gra...
       | 
       | Without passing any judgement on the validity of the pardons the
       | sheer number of them surprised me.
       | 
       | Trump - 94 as of Dec 23, 2020 (going up obvs)
       | 
       | Obama - 1,927
       | 
       | Bush - 200
       | 
       | Clinton - 459
       | 
       | Bush Sr - 77
       | 
       | ...
       | 
       | The most interesting one to me was President Ford pardoning
       | President Nixon. TIL.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > The most interesting one to me was President Ford pardoning
         | President Nixon. TIL.
         | 
         | Done in the name and hope of "national healing". There were
         | even talks about Biden pardoning Trump in order to prevent the
         | precedent of a new administration pursuing an outgoing
         | administration by legal overreach... was utter madness IMO even
         | before the attempted putsch by his supporters, but now it's
         | untenable.
         | 
         | Personally, as a half German and half Croat I can only say one
         | thing when I look at the histories of my home countries: for
         | any form of healing to succeed, criminal actions by _any_
         | government must be dealt with transparently and impartially by
         | the appropriate institutions in a speedy manner, otherwise the
         | only thing that will breed is resentment.
         | 
         | The Nazi regime crimes were dealt with by the Nuremberg trials
         | and the supporters were assessed under de-nazification, the
         | result was that _every_ German could see that high crimes did
         | not go unpunished and that our neighbor countries could trust
         | us again.
         | 
         | Contrast this to the post-Independence Wars Balkans, where half
         | the war criminals of all sides were not prosecuted at all as
         | they died and not much research happened into what they did,
         | and of the other half the majority was protected by their
         | respective ethnic's governments for sometimes decades. The
         | result? Ugly nationalism and hatred are as alive as ever in the
         | region.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | Does he still have to pay the fines?
        
       | wrnr wrote:
       | Why so negative, a little bit of clemency even if people are
       | guilty will do a great deal to help heal the nation. This list
       | reads like an indictment of the justice system, life sentences
       | for non violent drug offences, yikes. I'm glad for everyone,
       | welcome back.
        
         | avmich wrote:
         | > will do a great deal to help heal the nation
         | 
         | A counterpoint: Abraham Lincoln had some strong opinions about
         | the events like on Jan. 6, and his opinions were not guided by
         | an idea of "unity." Healing may involve some unpleasant
         | medicine.
        
           | wrnr wrote:
           | I'm guided by the principle for universal love and
           | forgiveness, it is time to leave the past behind, who cares
           | what a dead person would thinks about something he never
           | experienced. You are afraid and grasping at an illusion to
           | keep up the self image of the victim, a powerful image yes,
           | wash the hate from your heart, open the chacra of fear to
           | drain the pool of resentment and let the light enter your
           | soul. I will pray for you my child and I want you to know
           | that I love your for all that you are irregardless of what
           | you did.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | Even in the kindest philosophies, forgiveness is
             | conditioned on some kind of regret for the crime (if indeed
             | a crime did happen). Almost none of the people on this list
             | are repentant for their actions - if anything, many are
             | defiant - and I see no reason to forgive them. It may be a
             | kindness to them, but there is also a problem of kindness
             | for their victims.
        
             | cycomanic wrote:
             | Healing can not happen without some form of holding the
             | perpetrators to account. Otherwise, society has not shown
             | that the behaviour was unacceptable and the perpetrators
             | are not seeing any consequences for their actions. To give
             | an example, hardly anyone would be able to forgive someone
             | that has e.g. stolen your car, and continues to drive by
             | your house with it and showing no remorse for taking it.
             | 
             | It's also ironic that the demands for unity and forgiveness
             | are now coming from a side who has made law&order a central
             | part of their platform, in a country with one of the most
             | broken judicial systems and one of the highest
             | incarceration rates in the world.
        
         | GordonS wrote:
         | I support a lot of these pardons for non-violent drug offences,
         | mainly because the US justice system issues such needlessly
         | long sentences, and the US penal system is so harsh.
         | 
         | But AFAIK, Trump hasn't done anything to address these while in
         | power, and given his usual rhetoric about "law and order"
         | targeted at a very conservative audience, the cynic in me can't
         | help but wonder if a lot of these pardons are to detract from
         | or excuse the pardons for cronies.
        
           | logicchains wrote:
           | >But AFAIK, Trump hasn't done anything to address these while
           | in power
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/2018/12/17/676771335/how-trump-went-
           | from...
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | I wonder how much it cost to buy this pardon.
        
         | arthurcolle wrote:
         | Apparently only 2 million -
         | https://www.businessinsider.com/giuliani-associate-reportedl...
        
           | curiousgal wrote:
           | If this is true, then Trump has made what? At least 100
           | million dollars? I hate the man but I can't help but respect
           | him on some level for gaming the system so well!
        
             | arthurcolle wrote:
             | Pretty sure Giuliani is just pocketing the money since
             | Trump stopped paying him his legal fees and Rudy probably
             | just wanted to come up with a new vertical.
        
       | sharkweek wrote:
       | I'm going to go around the interesting tech angle here and
       | comment on how many people on this list have been pardoned for
       | petty drug crimes.
       | 
       | *Corvain Cooper - President Trump commuted the sentence of Mr.
       | Corvain Cooper. Mr. Cooper is a 41 year-old father of two girls
       | who has served more than 7 years of a life sentence for his non-
       | violent participation in a conspiracy to distribute marijuana.*
       | 
       | Life sentence for "conspiracy to distribute marijuana" -
       | Unbelievable. There are dozens of similar examples on this list.
        
         | jayd16 wrote:
         | If the goal was real justice, why is this left to the 11th hour
         | storm of bullshit pardons? Isn't this being used as an obvious
         | distraction when it could have happened much sooner?
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | I'm not sure why either, but notably all presidents execute
           | their pardon power on their last day - so it's not specific
           | to Trump.
        
           | t-writescode wrote:
           | One theory: they're not in office anymore, so they won't as
           | easily be bothered because [person pardoned] committed a
           | crime, which of course they'll be chased like a hawk for
           | doing, just in case, especially in the case of certain
           | pardoned people.
           | 
           | edit: removed some inflammatory text that was unfair to all
           | involved.
        
           | saalweachter wrote:
           | You can't take the politics out of politics.
           | 
           | The President is the head of the executive branch. The
           | Department of Justice, on top of which the President
           | ultimately sits, was responsible for prosecuting ~each and
           | ~every one of the people the President pardons, on their
           | first or last day. Someone inside the DoJ thought each and
           | every one of them was guilty of a crime and deserved to be
           | prosecuted for it. Weeks and months -- years, the work of
           | dozens -- went into each and every one of those prosecutions.
           | The convictions, when obtained, were hung like trophies on
           | the walls of the individual careers. Proof they had done
           | their job, proof their work had meaning.
           | 
           | And then the President, with the stroke of a pen, throws it
           | all away.
           | 
           | We all have projects get canceled. We all have invested time
           | and effort and then, through no fault of our own, had our
           | efforts come to naught.
           | 
           | It's bad for morale. Even when the reasons for the laws were
           | outdated or absurd, even when the prosecutions unjust, even
           | when perfidy played a role, even when the people who worked
           | the case no longer fully believe in it ... it still hurts to
           | have your work thrown away by your superior. It still damages
           | the working relationship you have with your chain of command.
           | Why should you work hard in the future, doing the tasks
           | assigned to you, if your boss is just going to ignore it all?
           | 
           | The President pardoning dozens, hundreds, thousands of
           | individuals permanently damages their working relationship
           | with the career employees of the Department of Justice, even
           | (especially?) if the pardons are moral, deserved, merciful,
           | just without a hint of corruption. Maybe that shouldn't defer
           | justice, but it's a reason.
        
         | slg wrote:
         | It is honorable to pardon or commute the sentence of people in
         | this situation. It seems Trump has only done it for a few dozen
         | people. I can't help wonder why specifically these people
         | deserve this and the hundreds of thousands of other people
         | still in prison for similar charges don't deserve it. If he
         | truly believed these laws were too harsh, he could have worked
         | to change the laws as president.
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | Most pardon's are recommended to the President by the Justice
           | department after reviewing cases. Currently, they have a
           | mandate to go over all large sentences of non-violent drug
           | offenders.
        
           | wombatpm wrote:
           | As one does not simply 'walk' into Mordor, Trump does not
           | 'work' to do anything not in his immediate self interest
        
           | cannaceo wrote:
           | It was a grassroots effort and, in the end, lobbied through
           | the right channels. He caught a lucky break. Now that Corvain
           | is getting release he'll be lobbying for the release of other
           | non-violent cannabis offenders. It will take time but we'll
           | get all non-violent cannabis offenders released.
        
         | cannaceo wrote:
         | Didn't think I'd seen Corvain mentioned on HN. He's actually a
         | great guy and a hell of an entrepreneur. Without trying to take
         | any credit for his release my team was involved in the process
         | of raising awareness of his incarceration for the last year and
         | got deeply involved in bringing his cannabis brand to the
         | California market. We've been early-celebrating all week about
         | his pending release.
         | 
         | I'll also add that his crime was trafficking 37 tons. He wasn't
         | the seller or buyer.
        
           | tobmlt wrote:
           | Congrats! If only all inmates unjustly incarcerated could
           | receive fair re-trials / pardons / relief / release depending
           | on circumstances. There are so damn many people in need of
           | justice in this way.
        
           | crescentfresh wrote:
           | > bringing his cannabis brand to the California market
           | 
           | Could you explain? I'm not following and when I search his
           | story news articles said he opened a clothing store. What was
           | his actual business and was it connected to cannabis?
        
             | cannaceo wrote:
             | Corvain was imprisoned for trafficking and had no
             | legitimate cannabis business at that time.
             | 
             | Corvain's wife started 40tons with the help of a lot of
             | industry folks in 2020. The effort was to bring cannabis
             | revenue/profit back to support Corvain's two teenage
             | daughters while he's incarcerated. That's the cannabis
             | brand I'm referring to.
             | 
             | https://40tons.co/about/
        
           | lultimouomo wrote:
           | > I'll also add that his crime was trafficking 37 tons. He
           | wasn't the seller or buyer.
           | 
           | Good for him that he was pardoned, but I find it sad that
           | it's those 37tons that make the pardon unsurprising. I don't
           | think he would ever be pardoned for trafficking 37 pounds.
        
         | akhilcacharya wrote:
         | Maybe he should have just commuted the sentences of offenders
         | like him instead of the likes of Bannon, Levandowski, and
         | Broidy. Makes Marc Rich look tame.
        
       | chandra381 wrote:
       | Trump pardons former Uber executive Anthony Levandowski on the
       | recommendation of a panel that includes Peter Thiel and Palmer
       | Luckey.. (EDIT: Palmer Luckey) -> who famously caught on camera
       | flashing a white supremacy sign in a photo with the conspiracy
       | theorist Chuck Johnson and Steve Bannon (who was also pardoned
       | today)- just hilarious levels of corruption all around
        
         | omeze wrote:
         | do you have any evidence for these? I googled and couldnt find
         | any photos of Thiel
        
           | chandra381 wrote:
           | https://twitter.com/slpng_giants/status/922563981826441216
           | 
           | Here's the photo of Palmer Luckey with Bannon. He claims in
           | this tweet that he was flashing the sign "ironically" as a
           | hoax in this reply:
           | https://twitter.com/PalmerLuckey/status/922575384817950726
        
         | blurp_ wrote:
         | You've been bamboozled. Look up "Operation O-KKK". Next you're
         | gonna tell me drinking milk is racist.
        
         | Maken wrote:
         | Who said deep state?
        
       | blkhawk wrote:
       | Is there an annotated list of this? I am pretty sure I cannot
       | trust whatever is on that website describing the people pardoned.
        
         | Terretta wrote:
         | Look, all you need to know is the glorious philanthropy!
         | 
         | The "/s" aside, if granting a pardon, perhaps it's fair not to
         | go into depth under these names on the badness in their past,
         | as part of the pardon concept is getting beyond that to move
         | forward. Talking up their "good" supports that too.
        
       | myth_buster wrote:
       | Relevant:
       | 
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/us/politics/trump-pardons...
        
       | ehsankia wrote:
       | Well this is strange, this was up until a few minutes ago but it
       | now 404s. Whitehouse took the page down (coincidentally at the
       | same time Biden was sworn in).
       | 
       | EDIT: Well whitehouse.gov itself was switched to Biden's page, so
       | I assume the page may have been lost in the migration.
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | It's important to note the reason the President has the power to
       | pardon anyone for any reason is it's one of the checks and
       | balances, the Constitution is full of them. It's meant as a check
       | to blunt overzealous prosecutions.
       | 
       | Note that the President does _not_ have the corresponding power
       | to convict anyone.
       | 
       | An interesting set of pardons was when Andrew Johnson pardoned
       | all the rebels in the Confederacy, including Jefferson Davis.
       | 
       | As far as I know, the only Confederate officers convicted and
       | hanged were the ones running the POW camps. The crime was the
       | brutal way they ran them, not rebellion.
        
         | ashtonkem wrote:
         | The issue is that the check on presidential power is Congress
         | and it's plenary power to impeach a president for
         | maladministration. Sadly congress has consistently and
         | constantly surrendered both power and independent initiative to
         | the president within living memory, leaving the presidency
         | vulnerable to abuse.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | Sorry to break it to you, but as with many things in the US
         | constitution, the reason the President can pardon people is
         | because it's a modified copy of the British constitutional
         | system of the time. The House is Parliament, the Senate is the
         | House of Lords, and the president can pardon people because
         | King George III could and the office of the presidency is a
         | limited term elected kingship.
         | 
         | Executive orders are Royal decrees. The president signing laws
         | is Royal Assent. Presidential pardons are Royal pardons. The
         | power to adjourn Congress is proroguation. It goes on and on.
         | Of course there are differences, but a lot of these things are
         | still direct copies that never got reformed.
        
           | philwelch wrote:
           | Executive orders aren't in the Constitution and the President
           | doesn't have the power to adjourn Congress.
        
             | eevilspock wrote:
             | Your point about executive orders is not quite correct.
             | 
             | https://lawshelf.com/shortvideoscontentview/the-power-of-
             | the...
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | Wikipedia notes:
               | 
               | > The United States Constitution does not have a
               | provision that explicitly permits the use of executive
               | orders. Article II, Section 1, Clause 1 of the
               | Constitution simply states: "The executive Power shall be
               | vested in a President of the United States of America."
               | Sections 2 and 3 describe the various powers and duties
               | of the president, including "he shall take Care that the
               | Laws be faithfully executed"
               | 
               | They're constitutional--in the sense that the President
               | has the legal authority to issue orders to the rest of
               | the executive branch--but they are certainly _not_ an
               | explicit provision of the Constitution explicitly modeled
               | after the royal decrees of the British monarchy.
        
           | imbnwa wrote:
           | Constitution also grants the power to suspend the
           | constitution
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | I thought I'd read the constitution, but I don't remember
             | that. Where is it?
        
           | anonu wrote:
           | > it's one of the checks and balances
           | 
           | > it's a modified copy of the British constitutional system.
           | [...] Executive orders are Royal decrees
           | 
           | Those things are not mutually exclusive. In other words,
           | sure, you can look at the latest batch of pardons and think
           | they are overzealous - but it doesn't mean the action does
           | not have place in the US checks & balances system.
        
             | cma wrote:
             | Being able to pardon for things from your administration
             | during your own term seems to erode checks and balances.
             | Some kind of limitation on that or maybe at least some kind
             | of congressional approval could keep out the truely
             | egregious stuff. Aside from that the self-pardon question
             | should be ruled out entirely or all checks and balances are
             | basically gone.
        
               | indymike wrote:
               | The presidential pardon has allowed our country to move
               | on from problems that would lead to decades of
               | prosecutions and counter-prosecutions as power changes
               | party. Nixon and the civil war are both examples.
        
               | eevilspock wrote:
               | Actually the "moving on" that Andrew Johnson enabled
               | after the Civil War effectively terminated
               | Reconstruction, launched nearly 100 years of Jim Crow,
               | and gave permission for the South to regress (see "KKK").
               | 
               | In other words, Black people would beg to differ.
        
               | cma wrote:
               | Congress already has tools for that (and the president
               | has some sway through veto power):
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amnesty_law#United_States
               | 
               | There's no good reason to give all that power of
               | unconditional pardons to one person.
        
               | anonu wrote:
               | I like to think that US democracy is self healing in the
               | long run. Assume for a moment that pardons are, on
               | balance, a good thing. This time around it was a little
               | "too good".
               | 
               | Net result: we rein in that power (hopefully). Dont get
               | rid of it - keep it but instill rules and regulations
               | like enforcing Justice Department oversight and review
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | Of course, that's a fair point. I suppose the elected
             | nature of the Presidency certainly give the office a
             | democratic legitimacy Georgie and his successors never
             | enjoyed, and that insulates the office from reform.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | And the power of Congress to override the presidential veto
           | is... what?
           | 
           | Any time you create a second system, you can see similarities
           | to the first system. That doesn't make it a "modified copy";
           | it makes it a "rewrite that has some similarities".
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | That's barely even a difference, the ultimate sovereignty
             | of Parliament was established in the Civil War. We didn't
             | need that mechanism because we had another end-run on the
             | principle that the Sovereign cannot withhold consent
             | against the advise of the Cabinet an d no sovereign ever
             | did so since 1708.
             | 
             | As I said there are differences but the overall system is
             | basically the same shape. Specifically the Presidential
             | Veto wasn't conjured up out of thin air as a cunning plan
             | to implement a system of checks and balances, it was just
             | carried along with the general cut-and-paste.
             | 
             | The details do differ and have diverged over the centuries,
             | for sure, but the basic executive role of the President in
             | the US system today is that of George III in the 1770s. I
             | also think there's a case to be made that the political
             | relationships between your branches of government would be
             | much more familiar to a 18th Century British politician
             | than their contemporary counterparts.
        
           | libria wrote:
           | Origins for the creation of a practice need not be the
           | reasons it continues to exist today, unless we're mindless
           | lemmings just copying what every previous administration did.
           | (That may well be the case though)
        
             | danielrpa wrote:
             | The track record of a practice should be taken in account
             | when considering removing them. As mentioned, this one in
             | particular is part of a very well designed system of checks
             | and balances. As with any power, it can be misused; the
             | president, however, has many other powers that can be
             | misused in much more spectacular ways.
        
           | jjoonathan wrote:
           | Here Herererererererrrrrreeeeererrerere!
           | 
           | I personally think we should have kept the part where
           | Parliament ceremonially slams the door in front of the Usher
           | of the Black Rod every time. Cracks me up every time.
        
           | cogman10 wrote:
           | While pardon power originated from British law, the reason we
           | kept it was what the OP referred to (see the federalist
           | papers [1]).
           | 
           | When forming the government the founders didn't just blindly
           | copy British government. There was a lot of debate over what
           | to keep and what to omit (For example, we don't have a king.
           | Presidents were seen as servants not as rulers).
           | 
           | Pardon power is mostly a direct copy of British pardon power.
           | However, there was a reason for that beyond not getting
           | around to reform.
           | 
           | It should also be noted that presidential pardon power, while
           | very powerful, isn't unlimited. The president can only pardon
           | federal crimes, they cannot pardon state crimes. That's an
           | important break from British law where royalty had(?)
           | unlimited power to pardon any crime. Particularly when pardon
           | power was first envisioned, the founders looked towards a
           | very small federal government. In that case, the number of
           | federal crimes were far fewer than what we have today. That
           | means, the presidents pardon power was pretty much only for
           | crimes such as treason.
           | 
           | In other words, absolutely the founders were influenced by
           | British government. They weren't, however, just blindly
           | copying things. Everything went through debate.
           | 
           | [1] https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed74.asp
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | > they cannot pardon state crimes
             | 
             | State governors have that power.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | Correct, but that wasn't given to them by the US
               | constitution. Rather, that power rests with each
               | individual state constitution. Further, depending on the
               | state, it can be anywhere from unlimited to completely
               | bound. [1]
               | 
               | The role of "governor" isn't defined by any federal laws
               | or rules. It's theoretically possible for a state to
               | decide that it doesn't need a governor.
               | 
               | [1] https://ccresourcecenter.org/state-restoration-
               | profiles/50-s...
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | That's a perfectly reasonable take especially on the
             | federal/state separation which was novel, but is it really
             | not possible there was some back-rationalisation going on?
             | 
             | The British system was very familiar, and while it had
             | potential flaws visible to them at the time they were known
             | familiar flaws. I find it doubtful that someone coming up
             | with an entirely novel and unfamiliar system would have got
             | anywhere at all, no matter how rational and well argued it
             | was. People like familiar and that can affect their
             | judgement. Just worth considering.
        
               | johnmaguire2013 wrote:
               | > That's a perfectly reasonable take especially on the
               | federal/state separation which was novel, but is it
               | really not possible there was some back-rationalisation
               | going on?
               | 
               | Isn't this true of your own original post?
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | I'm not sure what your point is.
               | 
               | I'm not disputing the fact that they took ideas directly
               | from the British government. I disputing the fact that it
               | was done without consideration, reform, or reason.
               | There's ample evidence that they heavily debated each
               | part of the British government that they adopted.
               | 
               | The fact is, the founders remedy for a corrupt president
               | was impeachment. They made that perfectly clear.
               | Corruption included things like misusing the pardon power
               | (High crimes/Bribery).
               | 
               | What they didn't anticipate was the fact that we'd end up
               | with a 2 party system equally spitting the country where
               | neither side would remove their president from office.
               | The put a LOT of faith in "honor" and the fact that the
               | general electorate would punish dishonorable leaders.
               | They did not expect things like wedge issues.
        
             | AndrewUnmuted wrote:
             | In addition, the US Constitution introduces another
             | dimension to the idea of separation of powers - that the
             | various branches of government should be able to counteract
             | one another in certain circumstances.
             | 
             | The British approach is more appropriately labeled not as a
             | separation of powers, but a fusion of powers [0] - probably
             | the strongest example of such a government currently around
             | today.
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_of_powers#United_K
             | ingdo...
        
             | tehjoker wrote:
             | The pardon power should obviously at this point be severely
             | limited, it has a purpose, but clearly its major use is
             | corruption or the threat of corruption in order to secure
             | deals. So many modern presidents have used it to do crimes
             | and then pardon their helpers.
        
               | mantap wrote:
               | However much you may dislike the particular individuals
               | that trump has pardoned, he has used the pardon in a much
               | more restrained way than Obama, who gave an order of
               | magnitude more. So far, the pardon power is still a net
               | good.
        
               | tehjoker wrote:
               | Okay, but why should the President be able to pardon
               | people close to him including himself? Shouldn't the
               | power be circumscribed to things that aren't obvious
               | corruption? GWB pardoned Scooter Libby. George HWB
               | pardoned Iran-Contra conspirators. Ford pardoned Nixon.
        
               | DFHippie wrote:
               | Trump has pardoned far fewer people, but for the same
               | reason the ratio of compassionate to corrupt pardons
               | under Trump is much worse. Dozens of Trump's pardons had
               | some direct benefit to him or his cronies. And among
               | modern presidents he has pardoned strikingly few people.
               | 
               | I am not aware of any corrupt pardons under Obama similar
               | to that of Marc Rich under Clinton, much less more
               | egregiously corrupt pardons like that of Ford by Nixon or
               | Manafort by Trump.
        
               | throwaway09223 wrote:
               | This is not so obvious to me. I don't think the evidence
               | supports your claim that its "major use is corruption."
               | The vast majority of pardons seem to be entirely
               | unrelated to corruption.
        
         | DevX101 wrote:
         | Constitution has some excellent checks and balances but the
         | blanket pardon isn't one of them. The pardon doesn't do
         | anything to address systemic problems in the justice system and
         | has become a channel for doling out political favors.
        
           | stefan_ wrote:
           | Well, when it is not used to cover up massive federal
           | government misconduct making a mockery of "checks and
           | balances" - think Watergate, torture and spies.
        
           | mwigdahl wrote:
           | It's not intended to address systemic problems in the justice
           | system. That is the province of the legislature.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | > The pardon doesn't do anything to address systemic problems
           | in the justice system
           | 
           | Of course. If the laws are rotten it's the court's job to
           | tell the legislature don't do that.
        
           | beervirus wrote:
           | The pardon power--for federal crimes only--also comes from a
           | time when there just weren't very many federal crimes. The
           | framers did not predict the explosion of 18 USC that we've
           | seen in the last century.
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | Which is probably an apt statement on the overgrowth of the
             | federal government. The 10th Amendment has been so twisted
             | and bent as to almost be unrecognizable.
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | It's meant to address individual problems, not systemic ones.
           | 
           | Though I agree calling it a "check & balance" is pretentious.
           | 
           | It's at best an instrument for mercy. Of course it can be
           | abused, but if you have a bad president, that's not on the
           | top 10 list of problems.
        
           | emn13 wrote:
           | This myth that the US constitution is in any way "good" is
           | weird. It's one of the earliest; and fortunately others
           | leared from its mistakes. Including the US itself, when it
           | had considerable influence in drafting the WW2 losers
           | constitutions, which uncoincidentally are quite different
           | from the US.
           | 
           | Checks and balances essentially don't work in the US. The
           | best bit is simply a decent judiciary, but that was mostly
           | copied from the British. And even that is more poorly
           | executed than elsewhere, due to the political nature of
           | judicial appointees, and esp. due to the tradition of direct
           | elections of some judges. I'd say it's arguably worse than
           | the British model it was copied from, not because the Brits
           | were psychic geniuses, but because of the not entirely
           | unrelated fact that the UK model is much more open to reform;
           | it's aged better because it's less crufty. When lead by a
           | dangerously populist government that might be risk, of
           | course, but so far even populists have turned out not to do
           | too much consitutional harm - might differ in the future.
           | 
           | It's more like: the US constitution was grand it its aims,
           | but pretty v1.0 in its execution. It's full of unintentional
           | (or at least unfortunate) indirect effects that didn't work
           | out too well; such as that congress is likely to deadlock;
           | that the constitution isn't sufficiently amendable; that its
           | form of democracy is subject to unproportional divergence as
           | state population sizes diverge, that by contrast adding new
           | states is way too easy, that elections at all are in no way
           | shape or form necessarily fair (and I don't there there has
           | ever been a particularly free&fair election in the states)
           | due to gerrymandering, state size disparities, imbalanced
           | voting registration requirements, and lack of constitutional
           | protections for elections in general; the presence of
           | systematic biased introduced by winner-takes-all approaches;
           | the lack of a checks on the presidency (clearly not
           | intentional, but impeachment is a purely hypothetical check).
           | I'm sure actual scholars could name a bunch more. Then theres
           | the more general flaws in legal republics, such as that there
           | no systematic mechanism for reform; laws just accumlate
           | leaving extremely outdated wordings on the books forever, and
           | with ever increasingly large rulebooks.
           | 
           | Seriously, name 1 check/balance that's actually particularly
           | good! (I mean, I guess there by sheer scope might be one...
           | but I can't think of one anyhow).
        
             | ISL wrote:
             | I strongly disagree.
             | 
             | A check and balance has been on great display in recent
             | weeks. A President has stated, "the election was a fraud, I
             | should get another term". Congress has stated, "the
             | election was correct. Moreover, we may choose to prevent
             | you from holding office ever again." The judiciary agrees.
             | 
             | That Congress is likely to deadlock is arguably a feature,
             | not a bug. (That voters don't demand better from their
             | congresspeople is, perhaps, a correctable bug.).
             | 
             | There is only one exception to the amendability of the
             | Constitution -- states cannot be deprived of equal suffrage
             | in the Senate. See Article V.
             | 
             | The disproportionate representation is by design. Without
             | it, the country literally would not have formed. I am
             | pleased to see states hacking around it without an
             | amendment, thus, should the prior function be required, the
             | states themselves can revert.
             | 
             | Is adding states too easy? There are three million US
             | citizens in Puerto Rico without representation in Congress.
             | 
             | I am hopeful that we will find ways forward on
             | gerrymandering. The only true beneficiaries of the existing
             | system are the political parties.
             | 
             | Impeachment is not just hypothetical. Though it was not
             | fully realized against Nixon, it would have been had he not
             | resigned.
             | 
             | Regarding the endless accretion of laws: we get the
             | government for which we vote. Speaking up, as you have done
             | here, is the first step toward making it better.
        
               | freewilly1040 wrote:
               | > Is adding states too easy? There are three million US
               | citizens in Puerto Rico without representation in
               | Congress.
               | 
               | "Statehood is too easy" is probably the wrong critique.
               | The problem is that there is not clear enough guidelines
               | for enforcing some criteria for what constitutes a new
               | state. Thus we have a false positive like Wyoming, which
               | shouldn't be a state with its minuscule population, and
               | we a false negative in Puerto Rico, which is
               | anachronistically governed like a colony .
               | 
               | I don't have the numbers in front of me, but I don't
               | think the original senate had states that had 80X the
               | representation by population, as we have today between CA
               | and WY.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/thirteen-
               | colonies (1770)
               | 
               | Virginia: 447,016
               | 
               | Georgia: 23,375
               | 
               | About 19x.
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | > The problem is that there is not clear enough
               | guidelines for enforcing some criteria for what
               | constitutes a new state. Thus we have a false positive
               | like Wyoming, which shouldn't be a state with its
               | minuscule population, and we a false negative in Puerto
               | Rico, which is anachronistically governed like a colony .
               | 
               | Wyoming met the requirements when it was admitted, but
               | its population hasn't grown as much as other states (e.g.
               | no gold rush, etc). If you think this is somehow an
               | incorrect result, what you're really arguing for is the
               | abolishment of established states or periodically
               | "redistricting" them in a way that would do more harm
               | than good (given that states are more than just
               | subdivisions for representative purposes).
               | 
               | > and we a false negative in Puerto Rico, which is
               | anachronistically governed like a colony.
               | 
               | They've had many referendums on that question, and I
               | think they voted against statehood until recently.
        
               | war1025 wrote:
               | > don't think the original senate had states that had 80X
               | the representation by population, as we have today
               | between CA and WY.
               | 
               | I would argue the "false-positive" state that in this
               | case is California.
               | 
               | Imagine if the entire Eastern seaboard was divided into
               | three States. That would be equally imbalanced.
        
               | emn13 wrote:
               | Texas is only slightly smaller. But perhaps splitting
               | both in 3 (or whatever) would be a good start. Or split
               | any state that has more than 4% of the nations population
               | (that would include FL and NY).
               | 
               | Practical hacks like that might mitigate the imbalance,
               | but really - the senate needs proportional representation
               | too. It's OK that small states are slightly over-
               | represented, but the current state of affairs is pretty
               | crazy. Also, the amount of people per senator is
               | unbelievably high, making them less approachable than
               | they once were.
               | 
               | If the senate were proportional, we could simply abolish
               | the electoral college with little loss; just let congress
               | elect the president and be done with it.
        
               | war1025 wrote:
               | The House is supposed to represent the interests of the
               | people. The Senate is supposed to represent the interests
               | of the states.
               | 
               | Each state is supposed to be an equal member of the
               | union, which is why they each get equal voice in the
               | senate. Up until the early 1900s senators were appointed
               | by state governments rather than being popularly elected.
               | 
               | It's sort of fallen out of fashion to identify strongly
               | as a member of your state rather than just as a citizen
               | of the United States, but I think this year has
               | demonstrated that state governments still have a lot of
               | influence and autonomy.
               | 
               | I for one have been very pleased with my state's handling
               | of the situation and have been glad to live here rather
               | than somewhere else.
        
               | eadmund wrote:
               | > the senate needs proportional representation too
               | 
               | No, the Seventeenth Amendment should be repealed and
               | state legislatures should be required to appoint
               | senators. The United States form a federal government,
               | not a unitary state; that means the several states should
               | be represented.
               | 
               | > If the senate were proportional, we could simply
               | abolish the electoral college with little loss; just let
               | congress elect the president and be done with it.
               | 
               | Alternatively, state legislatures could appoint electors.
               | Or maybe they could appoint two electors, and the people
               | of the state could vote for the rest.
        
               | ucarion wrote:
               | The guidelines are pretty simple. Congress can admit a
               | state by simple majority.
               | 
               | https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/articleiv#sectio
               | n3
               | 
               | As to what you consider a "false positive" state, that's
               | a political question, and apportionment is not the only
               | political consideration. Congress is just about the best
               | option we have for settling such complex, interstate
               | questions.
               | 
               | Moreover, the US has always had lopsided state
               | populations. The 65:1 apportionment population ratio
               | between California and Wyoming
               | (https://www2.census.gov/programs-
               | surveys/decennial/2010/data...) is definitely big, but
               | it's still within an order of magnitude of where we
               | started in 1789.
               | 
               | The first (pre-Census) apportionment, hard-coded in
               | Article 1, Section 2, had a 10:1 Virginia:Rhode Island
               | ratio in the House:
               | 
               | https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/articlei#section
               | 2
               | 
               | After the first Census, the largest difference ratio of
               | apportionment population (i.e. population after
               | implementing the 3/5 compromise, excluding "Indians not
               | taxed", etc.) was about 11:1, between Virginia and Rhode
               | Island:
               | 
               | https://www.census.gov/history/pdf/ApportionmentInformati
               | on-...
               | 
               | If you were to undo that 3/5ths slavery effect, the
               | Virginia:Delaware ratio becomes closer to 12.5:1.
               | 
               | FWIW I agree Puerto Rico ought to be admitted, just as
               | the Virgin Islands, Guam, and Mariana Islanders ought to
               | be as well. France's DOM-TOM system seems like a better
               | model to follow than America's, and it could still happen
               | within our lifetimes; France made major reforms here
               | within the last few decades:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overseas_France
        
               | cataphract wrote:
               | > A check and balance has been on great display in recent
               | weeks. A President has stated, "the election was a fraud,
               | I should get another term". Congress has stated, "the
               | election was correct. Moreover, we may choose to prevent
               | you from holding office ever again." The judiciary
               | agrees.
               | 
               | It surely worked, but with the majority of the
               | Republicans in Congress objecting. And one can't help but
               | wonder what would have happened if the election had been
               | closer (you'd just need to ramp up the voter suppression
               | a bit more). We had a taste of it in Bush v. Gore, where
               | the judiciary decided to stop a recount with a very poor
               | justification. Now imagine it in the much more polarized
               | environment of today. Or with someone actually competent,
               | who managed to solidify power over 4 years rather than
               | doing opposition to his own government half the time.
        
               | emn13 wrote:
               | On nixon: might well be. But it's never happened so far,
               | and that's because congress is hyper deadlocked by design
               | _and_ a ridiculously high bar of non-proportionally-
               | represented senators need to agree to convict. Just
               | compare that to other democracies that can switch their
               | executive with a simple majority in one house, yet remain
               | stable.
               | 
               | As to congresses deadlock being a feature: it may well
               | have been intentional; but it's pretty plausibly a long
               | term fatal blow. Countries need to be able to evolve, and
               | when small minorities can prevent that (and we're not
               | their yet, but it's moving that way), you're creating
               | really perverse incentives for horse trading, leading to
               | really low quality law making, and thus low respect for
               | congress. It's not out of the question that this might
               | lead to the nation's dissolution in our lifetimes - what
               | happens when elections are legally stolen?
               | 
               | On impeachment: we'll see what happens with trump who
               | happens to be a perfect case to check whether this
               | feature of the constitution is more than hot air; but
               | given how stacked the deck is against conviction, I'm not
               | holding my breath - and if it's not going to happen now,
               | it never will - not only was he utterly shameless in
               | undermining the election (knowing full well that
               | democracy is worth fighting for, i.e. raising tensions
               | dangerously) and addition literally using combative
               | language and calling for as close to a stormin of the
               | capitol as possible while trying to retain plausible
               | deniability, we're also just post election that shifted
               | the balance of the senate against him. This is pretty
               | much the _best_ case scenario for an impeachment, and it
               | 's far from a sure thing.
               | 
               | Additionally, the current election was upheld largely
               | because of states still sticking to extra-legal solid
               | traditions. Those however, are _not_ constitutionally
               | protected; i.e. what worked was american culture  &
               | tradition (sometimes backed by state law), not really the
               | american constitution. I mean, for scale: it's easier to
               | throw out an election than a president, which is
               | absolutely Not Ok.
               | 
               | Some of your other objections relate to tradition, e.g.
               | such as puerto rico not being a state. This has nothing
               | to do with the constitution; this is purely a political
               | tradition. And indeed; many traditions are fine - while I
               | think there's no question on the specific instance of
               | puerto rico deserving statehood, the point is that the
               | constitutional bar is very low despite the fact that it
               | allows senate packing. A malicious populist could easily
               | abuse that, if convenient, were it not for the _real_
               | protection: tradition &culture, _not_ the constitution.
               | 
               | The US has a solid set of traditions and an extremely
               | civic culture; and that's why it works - not because of
               | the constitution.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > The US has a solid set of traditions and an extremely
               | civic culture; and that's why it works
               | 
               | IMO this is something that I wish more citizens
               | understood. They put way too much faith in the
               | Constitution and don't realize that it's the tradition,
               | the mythology of America that really holds this country
               | together. If we lose that, we lose everything, and the
               | Constitution won't save us.
        
               | naniwaduni wrote:
               | I mean, it would help if people didn't confuse the
               | federal-level instantiations of social norms with
               | restrictions on the power of said government
               | specifically, too...
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | " _And even that is more poorly executed than elsewhere,
             | due to the political nature of judicial appointees, and
             | esp. due to the tradition of direct elections of some
             | judges._ "
             | 
             | How do you pick judges if you don't appoint them or elect
             | them?
        
               | IIAOPSW wrote:
               | Sortition
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | From what pool?
               | 
               | In Texas, Justices of the Peace have no particular
               | requirements, and are (IIRC) the equivalent of small-
               | claims courts in the rural counties, but have had some
               | special powers, like acting as coroner in counties
               | without access to one. I had a government teacher with a
               | long list of amusing anecdotes---like the JP that
               | determined that a body with like, 27 bullet wounds had
               | committed suicide. Judge Roy Bean was a JP; at one point
               | someone brought in a dead cowboy who had fallen down a
               | cliff. The body was carrying $25 and a pistol. Bean found
               | the cowboy to be carrying a concealed weapon, confiscated
               | the pistol, and fined the body $25.
        
             | hawkice wrote:
             | >Seriously, name 1 check/balance that's actually
             | particularly good!
             | 
             | The person in charge with executing the law is different
             | from the people in charge of crafting the laws to be
             | executed.
        
               | mamon wrote:
               | Exactly! And the best thing is that, unlike most European
               | countries, executive and legislative branches are
               | actually elected in separate elections. European system
               | with Prime Minister being elected by Parliament is
               | pathological, because it does not provide full
               | separation.
        
               | angry_octet wrote:
               | Hello deadlock! Come on down!
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | > Hello deadlock! Come on down!
               | 
               | Deadlock is not the worst thing, and the solution to it
               | is not necessarily to remove as many locks as possible.
               | 
               | The actual problem in the US right now is that checks and
               | balances are strong enough to allow one party to block
               | things, but not strong enough to deter waiting until your
               | party stochastically has enough power to get things done.
               | This is exacerbated by having one party's ideologically
               | committed to having the government do less.
               | 
               | In previous decades, stuff like earmarks greased the
               | wheels enough to get things done (but an effective PR
               | campaign against them got them banned). You could also
               | fix deadlocks by strengthening the checks to force
               | compromise among factions, like by coupling automatically
               | expiring legislation with requirements for big super-
               | majorities.
        
               | angry_octet wrote:
               | I think we know that Mitch would have blocked every Biden
               | appointment if the Dems hadn't won Georgia. Waiting
               | 2/4/6/8 years to resolve a deadlock isn't a great idea.
               | The checks and balances in the Senate were ignored by
               | Mitch to get things done, rather than compromise.
               | 
               | Since Congress makes its own rules, and 51/49 is enough
               | to change a rule ('the nuclear option'), supermajority
               | would have to be a constitutional amendment... And then
               | 45% would be enough to halt government. I guarantee you
               | this would then happen regularly.
               | 
               | Other systems have mechanisms to force elections if
               | deadlocks are persistent. Of course, you also need
               | mandatory voting, PTO for voting, full franchise, etc and
               | that isn't going to happen in America while this Supreme
               | Court lasts.
        
               | ardy42 wrote:
               | > Since Congress makes its own rules, and 51/49 is enough
               | to change a rule ('the nuclear option'), supermajority
               | would have to be a constitutional amendment... And then
               | 45% would be enough to halt government. I guarantee you
               | this would then happen regularly.
               | 
               | That was the problem with the Senate's supermajoriy
               | requirements: basically the only thing holding them in
               | place was convention, so they fall in the face of someone
               | willing and able to make unsentimental tactical power
               | plays.
               | 
               | IMHO, someone like McConnell would have behaved very
               | differently if he knew his opponents could block him just
               | as easily as he has blocked them. His apparent
               | effectiveness is almost entirely a result of his greater
               | willingness to hypocritically use then discard convention
               | when it gets in his way. He'd never have gotten his tax
               | cuts or judges if he wasn't able to bend the rules.
               | 
               | > Other systems have mechanisms to force elections if
               | deadlocks are persistent.
               | 
               | I think something like that could be a genuine
               | improvement.
        
               | emn13 wrote:
               | I don't believe this helps, at all. If anything it makes
               | things worse, because it lets congress off the hook, and
               | that's exactly what happens in the US - lots of
               | congressional powers are abrogated to the executive,
               | which is essentially a monarchy that hasn't devolved into
               | a dictatorship simply because of tradition and popular
               | unease at that route - but it's really unsafe.
               | 
               | The real protection here is that a simple majority can't
               | throw out the minorities voice entirely. But _that_ doesn
               | 't require the separation of the executive to achieve, it
               | merely requires either a supermajority, and/or a
               | differently composed senate (which doesn't need to be
               | unrepresentative either, the differing election schedule
               | would suffice, and it doesn't even need a veto - an
               | election-cycle delay would be enough).
               | 
               | Incidentally, from memory, all sliding-into-dictatorship
               | democracies I can think of did so behind a strong
               | "executive". Empirically at least that would suggest that
               | simply not having such a strong executive sounds like a
               | sound protection against despotism. Intuitively, that
               | would suggest that it's pretty hard to rally a country
               | behind a dictatorship that originates in congress; a
               | powerful figurehead matters. Finally, I'm not really sure
               | to what extent a constitution really can or should
               | protect against popular despotism - at best it can delay
               | the process; but part of the point of democracy is self-
               | rule; and taking away that rule to avoid despotism also
               | takes it away for other reform - and it's not really
               | going to work anyhow, because if enough people want to
               | dump the laws, they will, even if the letter of the law
               | begs to differ.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I sincerely hope that we all (the people of the US,
               | Congress, the Judiciary) take what happened on Jan 6th as
               | a concrete warning of this hazard and work to pare back
               | and reign in the executive. It has been needed for a long
               | time.
               | 
               | All it will take is a stronger, more popular leader who
               | feels 'bypassing the rules' is ok for 'the greater good'
               | (aka themselves), and we're in deep trouble.
               | 
               | If Trump hadn't spent all 4 years of his tenure actively
               | disparaging, impugning, maligning, and throwing under the
               | bus every military leader or hero he ran across, we could
               | be in a very, very different country today. I'm still
               | amazed how close he came to winning Arizona considering
               | what he said and did to McCain.
        
               | artificialLimbs wrote:
               | > the executive ... hasn't devolved into a dictatorship
               | simply because of tradition and popular unease at that
               | route > I'm not really sure to what extent a constitution
               | really can or should protect against popular despotism
               | 
               | Article II Section 1 of the Constitution?
        
               | emn13 wrote:
               | I was trying to get across the point that democratic
               | freedoms necessarily imply the freedom to make mistakes;
               | at best you can slow them down and make em less likely by
               | historical happenstance. And as pointed out, no legal
               | document matters if enough popular sentiment opposes it;
               | people just throw it out (it's happened in other
               | countries before). So perhaps this benchmark is too high
               | a bar.
        
             | scythe wrote:
             | >such as that congress is likely to deadlock;
             | 
             | The bicameral requirement for a concurrent majority is
             | entirely by design and has plenty of supporters. It's
             | pretty egregious to cite this first on the list of
             | supposedly crucial flaws.
             | 
             | >that its form of democracy is subject to unproportional
             | divergence as state population sizes diverge, that by
             | contrast adding new states is way too easy
             | 
             | The one fixes the other, but adding new states turns out
             | not to be that easy. From a political standpoint, larger
             | states have an outsize cultural and regulatory influence
             | (which is known to the state of California to cause cancer,
             | but which cannot be mentioned in textbooks used in Texas
             | schools) so compensating smaller states makes sense; voters
             | in large states who feel their votes are diluted should,
             | _in principle_ , be able to correct this with a split. Is
             | it a perfect balance? Not at all, but it's something.
             | 
             | But in practice, adding new states has become too hard and
             | this may be a source of recent political problems! Puerto
             | Rico should have been a state in the '90s. Movements to
             | split large states may not be such a bad idea.
             | 
             | >that elections at all are in no way shape or form
             | necessarily fair
             | 
             | A cultural and political flaw, not a Constitutional flaw.
             | Maybe an omission, but you can't write all of the laws and
             | practices necessary for a fair election into the
             | Constitution; it would take up most of the document!
             | 
             | >that the constitution isn't sufficiently amendable
             | 
             | A risk-averse and historically motivated bias; we had one
             | bad Amendment (the 18th) and the fallout really put a
             | damper on amendment movements.
             | 
             | >the lack of a checks on the presidency (clearly not
             | intentional, but impeachment is a purely hypothetical
             | check)
             | 
             | Trump's impeachment trial was heavily impacted by the
             | Democrats' primary season and not-so-subtle party
             | establishment hopes that Warren would somehow pull out a
             | win, so everything had to be rushed in order to avoid
             | distracting her (and she lost badly anyway).
        
             | ardy42 wrote:
             | > Checks and balances essentially don't work in the US. The
             | best bit is simply a decent judiciary, but that was mostly
             | copied from the British. And even that is more poorly
             | executed than elsewhere, due to the political nature of
             | judicial appointees, and esp. due to the tradition of
             | direct elections of some judges. I'd say it's arguably
             | worse than the British model it was copied from, not
             | because the Brits were psychic geniuses, but because of the
             | not entirely unrelated fact that the UK model is much more
             | open to reform; it's aged better because it's less crufty.
             | When lead by a dangerously populist government that might
             | be risk, of course, but so far even populists have turned
             | out not to do too much consitutional harm - might differ in
             | the future.
             | 
             | That risk has been realized. Aren't the parliamentary
             | governments of Hungary and Poland falling into "democratic"
             | authoritarianism?
             | 
             | I'm pretty sure the US system was mainly designed to
             | prevent that kind of thing, and put up democratically-
             | derived barriers against it. The Trump presidency would
             | have been _way_ worse without them. Trump has been very
             | effective at keeping his party in line behind him (even to
             | the anti-democratic extremes). The things you complain
             | about are mainly tradeoffs of that design.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | You just saw the checks and balance function today - the
               | sitting executive used every trick he could think of to
               | keep himself in power. He was rejected by Congress (the
               | other arm, who he does not control), and this was
               | affirmed by the Judiciary (who he does not control
               | because of the lifetime appointments and other history,
               | despite appointing a number of people aligned with his
               | party to it).
               | 
               | In many countries he could have just insisted (or tell a
               | crony he insists) and that would have been that.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > the sitting executive used every trick he could think
               | of to keep himself in power.
               | 
               | I agree. The checks and balances worked as they were
               | supposed to.
               | 
               | Note that if there _was_ evidence of widespread election
               | fraud, the checks and balances on display here would
               | (hopefully) provide a check on that.
        
               | Isinlor wrote:
               | Polish constitution has plenty of checks and balances.
               | For example we had fairly well functioning constitutional
               | tribunal. The difference is political culture. Especially
               | the judicial branch of USA withstood the attack from
               | Trump beautifully, but they were no more or less
               | protected than Polish courts are. Polish culture is
               | compromised by the communist mindset.
        
               | emn13 wrote:
               | Right, but how much of that is (a) coincidence, and much
               | more critically, (B) US culture?
               | 
               | The US works; and has excellent governance; that's not
               | really in question (IMHO). The question is whether that's
               | due to the constitution, or despite it.
               | 
               | If the US were as uninterested in democracy and as
               | accepting of an autocratic leadership as hungary (and as
               | small as hungary) - do you think the constitution of the
               | US would have made anything better?
        
             | Metricon wrote:
             | "It's more like: the US constitution was grand it its aims,
             | but pretty v1.0 in its execution."
             | 
             | The US Constitution would have really been 2.0 as the
             | Articles of Confederation preceded it:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation
        
               | emn13 wrote:
               | Sure, I meant the qualitative feel by the entitled
               | hindsight of somebody living the good life in 2021 which
               | is possible because of it. It's definitely not all bad
               | (certainly not for its age) nor was it an entirely novel
               | creation in some sudden bolt from the blue. It's just
               | showing its age.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | > name 1 check/balance that's actually particularly good!
             | 
             | The overarching one is the government being a triumvirate.
             | If one branch overreaches, the other two can keep it in
             | check. Triumvirates have historically been stable
             | governments. Even in the Soviet Union - the Party, the
             | Army, the Police.
        
           | ortusdux wrote:
           | Technically, a president could pardon all federal marijuana
           | convictions, and announce that they will continue to do so
           | for the remainder of their term. Basically, it could be used
           | to address systemic problems in the federal court system. A
           | large portion of Biden's term will probably be spent trying
           | to return to norms, so I doubt anything like this would
           | happen.
        
             | DevX101 wrote:
             | I'm for legalization of marijuana but think that's a
             | terrible idea. This effectively makes one person the
             | arbiter of law.
        
               | ortusdux wrote:
               | I'm not necessarily advocating one way or another, just
               | using an example to address the claim that while "The
               | pardon doesn't do anything to address systemic problems
               | in the justice system", it could.
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | Most USA residents support marijuana legalization, and
               | that has been the case for over a decade.
        
               | x86_64Ubuntu wrote:
               | If you have laws that are passed with racial control in
               | mind, such as our drug laws, then mass pardoning is an
               | act of justice and not someone becoming the arbiter of
               | law.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | Consider the alternative: a president who announces they
               | will blanket pardon all white people and no one else.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | That's...not the alternative.
               | 
               | I mean, I suppose its one of a near-infinite number of
               | possible alternatives, but I don't see how its an even
               | _relevant_ one. The discussion wasn't about someone
               | pardoning only black people, it was about pardoning all
               | people convicted under a particular set of laws.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | Right, but the point gp made was that large scale blanket
               | pardons make a single individual the arbiter of law.
               | That's true. (if you want a less charged example, instead
               | imagine the president pardons everyone convicted on fraud
               | charges).
               | 
               | That power can then be used justly or unjustly. The
               | constitutional balance for this is impeachment, but it's
               | not clear that would work in practice or theory.
        
               | jshevek wrote:
               | I read the statement as "consider an alternative" or
               | "consider this alternative". With this reading, the line
               | of reasoning implied is correct and relevant.
               | 
               | Typos happen (and this is an international community
               | including people unfamiliar with some idioms). Obviously
               | the alternative presented isn't THE alternative.
        
               | jshevek wrote:
               | > If [criteria], then mass pardoning is an act of justice
               | and not someone becoming the arbiter of law.
               | 
               | I dont understand your comment. Are you thinking that
               | acts of justice, by definition, cannot also be the
               | product of a person becoming an arbiter of law? That you
               | perceive a decision as just doesn't change whether a
               | person might or might not be acting as an arbiter of law.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > I'm for legalization of marijuana but think that's a
               | terrible idea. This effectively makes one person the
               | arbiter of law.
               | 
               | No, the Constitutional pardon power (in one direction,
               | for criminal law only) does that already. The question is
               | about how that position of arbiter will be used, not
               | whether the President has it.
        
         | erostrate wrote:
         | Thanks for highlighting that, it's important to bear in mind
         | Chesterton's fence. But it's also important to consider whether
         | this particular feature is working as intended.
         | 
         | For what it's worth I don't care much about Lewandowski's
         | pardon and I suspect a large part of the outrage here is
         | because his compensation was public and he is a tech worker.
         | There are other more salient recent examples suggesting the
         | pardon system is being abused.
        
           | anonfornoreason wrote:
           | Edited: oops sorry, I got it backwards myself.
           | 
           | Original incorrect statement: Levandowski not lewandowski.
           | Different people different offenses.
        
         | xkjkls wrote:
         | > It's meant as a check to blunt overzealous prosecutions.
         | 
         | The executive branch also controls the justice department,
         | which did the prosecutions.
        
         | Jabbles wrote:
         | > It's meant as a check to blunt overzealous prosecutions.
         | 
         | But aren't prosecutions done by the DoJ, as part of the
         | executive branch, i.e. the decision to prosecute someone at
         | all, or whether to offer a plea deal is already under the
         | president's control?
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | ...by previous administrations.
        
           | chipsa wrote:
           | There's at least 3 steps of bureaucracy between the president
           | and the prosecution: Junior prosecutors->US
           | Attorney->Attorney General->President.
           | 
           | He may ultimately be in charge of the prosecutions, but for
           | him to take that much control is considered unseemly. The
           | closest the President will generally come to deciding whether
           | to prosecute someone is to make a policy that certain crimes
           | will get extra attention or no attention. Alternatively, he
           | can fire the US Attorney.
        
           | mbreese wrote:
           | I think it was more intended as a check for "justice". Where
           | someone could technically be guilty of a crime, but the
           | conviction was considered unjust. You wouldn't necessarily
           | want to repeal the law, but instead use the pardon to fix
           | "edge cases".
        
         | kjakm wrote:
         | As a foreigner Presidential pardons + the appointment (and life
         | terms) of Supreme Court judges baffle me. How can a country
         | that claims to be a leader in democracy have these two wildly
         | abused bugs?
         | 
         | Edit: fixed use of election instead of appointment
        
           | raldi wrote:
           | As an American, I agree with everything you said. (Well,
           | except that Supreme Court justices are appointed, not
           | elected.)
           | 
           | The other gaping flaw is the systemic, undemocratic bias that
           | determines the makeup of our Upper House.
        
             | marcusverus wrote:
             | The issue you're referring to with the Senate is, of
             | course, the fact that each state gets two senators,
             | regardless of population. This means that the sparsely
             | populated North Dakota has the same number of senators as
             | California.
             | 
             | This a feature, not a bug, and in fact the United States
             | would not exist without it. The senate prevents small
             | states from being dominated by large states, and is the
             | only reason that smaller states like Rhode Island agreed to
             | join the union in the first place.
             | 
             | If we were to alter this configuration of the Senate, the
             | same question would undoubtedly arise--why should small
             | states like North Dakota, Vermont, and Oklahoma remain in
             | the Union, only to be dictated to by the citizens of
             | Florida, New York and California?
        
               | raldi wrote:
               | Same reason Bootjack doesn't secede from California just
               | because it doesn't get the same representation as Los
               | Angeles
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > This a feature, not a bug
               | 
               | Perhaps. The problem I see is that state boundaries are
               | pretty arbitrary. The real political division is between
               | urban and rural, and whether or not a particular state is
               | 'red' or 'blue' depends on how those boundaries have been
               | created. There are a huge number of rural voters in
               | California that share more with Wyoming rural voters than
               | Wyoming urban voters, so why should they be
               | disenfranchised simply by living within the state of
               | California?
        
               | nemothekid wrote:
               | > _If we were to alter this configuration of the Senate,
               | the same question would undoubtedly arise--why should
               | small states like North Dakota, Vermont, and Oklahoma
               | remain in the Union, only to be dictated to by the
               | citizens of Florida, New York and California?_
               | 
               | I don't know why _this_ is a valid argument, when you can
               | turn it on it 's head. Why should states like Florida,
               | Texas, New York and California, who (1) have the most
               | amount of people and (2) generate nearly all economic
               | activity, be dictated by the citizens of North Dakota?
               | Why is it that this argument never considers the inverse?
               | 
               | It's clear, by looking at Federal budget inflows and
               | outflows, that states like North Dakota need California
               | more than California needs them. If States were
               | countries, and if The United States were more like the
               | European Union, Texas would naturally have outsized
               | power, much like Germany. It would be Texas citizens
               | bailing out North Dakota.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Because of the resources those states provide. In almost
               | all cases, resources (food, minerals, oil, energy) flow
               | from those more sparsely populated states to feed, fuel,
               | etc. the more densely populated ones.
               | 
               | If you think NYC could be supported purely by NY state
               | alone (or frankly even just 'Blue' states), you'd be in
               | for a rude shock.
               | 
               | That much of the value add/economic activity happens in
               | the more densely populated states isn't that surprising -
               | but cutting off the midwest from the rest of the United
               | States would cause catastrophic famine in very short
               | order, to name one example.
        
               | nemothekid wrote:
               | California produces, by far, the most food of any state,
               | ($50B for California, $27B for #2 Iowa)[1]. Texas
               | produces, by far, the most oil of any state (1.8B barrels
               | vs 512M for North Dakota)[2]. Catastrophic famine? The
               | data doesn't support that assertion at all. Rude shock? I
               | guess I'm more shocked at how much California feeds the
               | nation, but is ruled by sparse smaller states. Your
               | initial claim is so wrong I'm interested where you got it
               | - maybe I'm Googling the wrong information.
               | 
               | [1] https://data.ers.usda.gov/reports.aspx?ID=17844
               | 
               | [2] https://www.statista.com/statistics/714376/crude-oil-
               | product...
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Not sure you're supporting the point you think you are,
               | or are addressing my points?
               | 
               | CA's central valley produces fruits, vegetables, and
               | nuts, much of which gets exported, and a bit of, but not
               | a huge amount of staple foods - and if you add up all
               | California's agricultural output, it is still only ~13.5%
               | of the US total. [https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/Statistics/#:~:
               | text=California's%20a....]
               | 
               | The areas in California that produce that food are solid
               | red, through and through. Texas is red, ESPECIALLY the
               | areas that produce that oil - but let's set aside the
               | intra-state conflicts on this. None of the states
               | mentioned are 'ideologically' self sufficient in their
               | needs (CA for Oil, despite being a major food and oil
               | producer, Texas for food - among literally millions of
               | major and minor needs), and NY State or NYC are most
               | decisively not in either category.
               | 
               | [https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-
               | gallery/gallery...]
               | 
               | If you look at your own chart, you'll also see that ~90%
               | of all of the remaining entries following California (who
               | make up the bulk of production) would be called midwest,
               | near midwest (definitely not blue), or 'flyover
               | territory'.
               | 
               | If you go to the link you had and filter by staples (as
               | compared to expensive-per-calorie foods like almonds or
               | strawberries), you'll see this reflected even more
               | strongly [https://data.ers.usda.gov/reports.aspx?ID=17844
               | #P7521943176f...]
               | 
               | California has a LOT of people in it. 11% of the nation.
               | While they might not personally feel the brunt of a major
               | famine right away - running out of fuel for the
               | harvesters, or the steel products to repair their
               | equipment, or the equipment itself (predominantly
               | produced in 'red' areas or imported), would mean it
               | wouldn't be that long either.
               | 
               | If we look at the wider context, losing 50%+ of the
               | agricultural products aka inland 'flyover' areas and the
               | midwest would definitely cause catastrophic famine. And
               | that is at least how much is there from your own links.
        
               | bananabreakfast wrote:
               | Quick note, no matter how unfair states may think they
               | have it, "remaining in the Union" is not a choice. This
               | isn't the USSR.
               | 
               | Statehood is eternal. Secession is quite literally
               | treason and the Civil war was in that sense
               | constitutionally mandatory.
        
             | WkndTriathlete wrote:
             | That's a feature, not a bug. I can get behind changing the
             | presidential election to be based on the popular vote, but
             | I don't think I want the Senate to be based on the popular
             | vote given the terrible job done by the CA and TX
             | legislatures.
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | > the election (and life terms) of Supreme Court judges
           | baffle me
           | 
           | SCOTUS judges are not elected; they are appointed by POTUS,
           | after confirmation by the Senate.
           | 
           | At the state level, only about half the states use elections
           | for their Supreme Court judges. However, the highly-polarized
           | and roughly-evenly-split Midwestern states (MN, WI, MI, OH,
           | PA) are among these, so it definitely will come across as
           | more visible.
        
           | dkarl wrote:
           | The people who created the system and decided on lifetime
           | terms for Supreme Court judges had a lot of enthusiasm for
           | democracy, but they could see it had flaws, and they wanted
           | the judiciary to be much less sensitive to the mood of the
           | public than the rest of the system. As disappointed (and
           | angry) as I am to see the Republicans steal the Merrick
           | Garland appointment and then replace RBG with someone who has
           | flaunted her enthusiasm for overturning Roe v Wade, I'm glad
           | Supreme Court justices can't be held politically accountable
           | for their decisions. It means that power ranges from being
           | accountable to the public on very short time scales
           | (legislators in the House) to slightly longer (the president)
           | to pretty darned long (senators) to extremely long (the
           | Supreme Court, which reacts very slowly through presidential
           | appointment after retirement or death.)
        
             | mwigdahl wrote:
             | While I agree with virtually everything you're saying here,
             | I'm not convinced the Founders had a high opinion of
             | democracy itself. The Federalist Papers are full of
             | warnings about mob rule, and the goal of the Constitutional
             | framework was explicitly to insulate government from
             | populist and direct democratic influence, while setting up
             | structures that were supposed to mold the government into
             | the form of an aristocracy (in the sense of Plato's
             | Republic).
             | 
             | The Republic is actually quite prescient in its analysis of
             | forms of government and how they decay from one form to
             | another. The USA today very much resembles an oligarchy
             | (class-based rule by the rich) being pushed rapidly into
             | social media-driven democratic mob rule.
             | 
             | Were we already farther down that path, Trump might have
             | been enough to push us down the hill even farther, from
             | democracy to true tyranny.
        
               | dkarl wrote:
               | What we call oligarchy now and what they called democracy
               | then -- it's the same picture. Re democracy's weaknesses,
               | I think the most important factor was that whatever their
               | radical ideas, they were living in a country that had
               | been born out of a revolution / civil war and were living
               | through the failure of one attempt at creating a country
               | (the Articles of Confederation) so they were primarily
               | concerned with creating a system that could actually work
               | for a while and maintain stability through turbulent
               | times. They were true believers in (what they called)
               | democracy, enough to bet the future of the country on it,
               | but they also believed it had weaknesses, and they did
               | not want to embarrass and discredit it by building a
               | democracy that failed because of something that seemed
               | inherent to democracy itself. That's one reason they were
               | obsessed with its weaknesses. Another other reason is
               | that they had to sell their new system to democracy
               | skeptics. So, they had to convince both themselves and
               | others that their system built around the idea of
               | democracy was designed in a way that guarded against its
               | weaknesses.
        
               | csharptwdec19 wrote:
               | > The USA today very much resembles an oligarchy (class-
               | based rule by the rich) being pushed rapidly into social
               | media-driven democratic mob rule.
               | 
               | Agree with the first part, disagree with the second part.
               | 
               | It's going to remain an oligarchy, but the circus of 'mob
               | rule' will be utilized to make sure the oligarchs remain
               | in power.
        
               | cossatot wrote:
               | It should be noted that the Federalist papers only
               | represent the views of a few of the Federalists
               | (Hamilton, Madison, Jay), i.e. from one of the two major
               | parties. The Democratic-Republicans had a greater
               | distrust of centralized government and were more
               | supportive of democracy and rule by the better of the
               | average Joes (Jefferson's 'yeoman farmers' and all that).
               | 
               | This is quite similar to taking the views of Paul Ryan
               | and Rand Paul and calling them representative of the US
               | government. Those views are not extreme in the context of
               | the time and are shared by a sizeable fraction but it's
               | not a random or representative sample.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > It should be noted that the Federalist papers only
               | represent the views of a few of the Federalists
               | (Hamilton, Madison, Jay), i.e. from one of the two major
               | parties. The Democratic-Republicans had a greater
               | distrust of centralized government and were more
               | supportive of democracy and rule by the better of the
               | average Joes (Jefferson's 'yeoman farmers' and all that).
               | 
               | "Represent the view of" is misleading. The Federalist
               | Papers were not an academic exercise of recording
               | opinions for posterity, they were long form campaign ads
               | for a targeted audience to sell the ratification of the
               | constitution.
               | 
               | Also, the Federalist Papers were written before the
               | formation of the parties, and when that formation _did_
               | occur, Madison was one of the founding leaders, along
               | with Jefferson, of the Democratic-Republican Party, he
               | wasn't a Federalist.
        
             | travisjungroth wrote:
             | The downside to this is people spend decades being ruled by
             | people they didn't have a chance to vote against.
        
               | ggcdn wrote:
               | But the Supreme Court doesn't make the rules, it just
               | interprets them. The rules are made by elected
               | representatives.
        
               | xxpor wrote:
               | That's not how common law systems work. Things like
               | executive privilege, qualified immunity, the fighting
               | words doctrine, are all essentially just made up by
               | judges.
        
               | chipsa wrote:
               | Statutory law over-rides common law, however. If Congress
               | passed a law explicitly overriding any of those, those
               | would cease to exist.
        
               | Qwertious wrote:
               | >But the Supreme Court doesn't make the rules, it just
               | interprets them.
               | 
               | The supreme court literally decides whether X real-world
               | activity is made illegal by Y law. Interpreting the rules
               | _is_ making rules.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Elected representatives get to try to make rules then the
               | other side can chuck lawsuits at it for a decade trying
               | to overturn it. The power to determine what rules are
               | valid and how those rules are interpreted is a very
               | powerful lever on how the country is run.
        
               | jonp888 wrote:
               | They might not be directly elected, but they are
               | political. If they weren't political we wouldn't divide
               | them into liberal and conserative jusices. It seems like
               | everyone already knows how they would 'interpret' any
               | case involving abortion.
               | 
               | This doesn't seem to be such a problem in other
               | countries. I don't really understand if that's because
               | the judges are purposely appointed to be as partisan as
               | possible, or whether the 'rules' are so badly written
               | that they can be interpreted any way you like.
        
               | xxpor wrote:
               | >whether the 'rules' are so badly written that they can
               | be interpreted any way you like.
               | 
               | It's a philosophical difference in legal systems derived
               | from the Napoleonic code (and more indirectly the Roman
               | legal system, so it's common in continental Europe) vs.
               | the English legal system (the US, Canada, India,
               | Australia, etc)
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_law#Common_law_legal
               | _sy...
        
               | mamon wrote:
               | That isn't as big problem as you paint it. Yes, Trump was
               | particularily "lucky" (for the lack of the better word)
               | that during his single term in the office 3 Supreme
               | Justices died, so he could appoint replacements. But
               | Obama, George W. Bush, Clinton, George Bush senior, they
               | each appointed 2 Justices. So it seems to me that the
               | system is deliberately designed to capture long-term
               | political trends - Democratic presidents appoint
               | democratic judges, Repliblicans appoint Republicans, and
               | the net result is: Supreme Court reflects society's
               | deeply ingrained values, not its current mood.
        
               | hoka-one-one wrote:
               | Eventually you have to break out of the mindset where the
               | government is ever for "the people". It's very naive and
               | in practice things have never worked that way.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | riffraff wrote:
           | head of state pardons are common even in the rest of the
           | world.
           | 
           | In France, Germany, Greece, and Italy it's also a prerogative
           | of the president, for example.
        
           | sittingplant wrote:
           | If I understand correctly, the lifetime appointment is meant
           | to avoid political pressure. Don't you think the judges might
           | be swayed to vote one way or another if they knew there was a
           | vote coming up in a couple years and they'd be on the
           | chopping block?
        
             | kjakm wrote:
             | Couldn't this be mitigated by making terms a fixed number
             | of years? e.g. UK Supreme Court - No life terms. Justices
             | selected by peers + independent committees. There is one
             | member of the government with a veto that is rarely used
             | and highly scrutinised when it is.
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | Single 15 year term with a guaranteed pension afterward.
        
           | Ericson2314 wrote:
           | America: it's not a bug, it's a feature
           | 
           | It's much better to be on an nth + 1 republic, let me tell
           | you.
        
           | johannes1234321 wrote:
           | Regarding judges: How would you appoint them? Basically there
           | are three options:
           | 
           | - Have a public vote, direct legitimation (or via some extra
           | electoral college or something) this means that judges have
           | to be "popular" and run campaigns and question is, if that's
           | really smart ...
           | 
           | - Have the "juristical class" elect within, so judges from
           | lower courts would lick somebody, or current judges elect
           | additional ones. That would put judges into their own "class"
           | and remove all democratic legitimation
           | 
           | - or do what is done and have a democratically elected body
           | do it. In the case of the U.S. it's done by a combination of
           | president (nominating) and Senate (confirming) where the
           | Senate represents the different states.
           | 
           | It is one of the tough problems.
           | 
           | For the pardon the idea comes from absolutist times where a
           | King would pardon as he likes. The modern interpretation
           | comes from correcting "blind" justice. Justice has to rule
           | according to law. But sometimes one either might decide that
           | a law was bad and than a pardon might be a way to correct
           | that (ideally if law is rewritten as well) and sometimes
           | there are hard cases, like the 90 year old who should get a
           | chance to die outside of prison, for sake of family etc.
           | 
           | Generally the system assumes the actors act mostly in good
           | faith and were removed (impeachment etc.) otherwise.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | Lifetime appointments are the problem not the method of
             | appointment.
        
               | johannes1234321 wrote:
               | Yes, they are an issue. The idea is to make them
               | independent from future career things etc. and the rule
               | is from a time where people didn't get as old as these
               | days. This makes them independent from the politics of
               | the day.
               | 
               | I think Germany got that better: here we have a 12 year
               | term (thus a single government can't easily swap them out
               | - a learning from the time of 1933) and a max age of 68
               | (for whatever reason that was picked)
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | Maximum age is a great idea. Senators like Feinstein and
               | Grassley should honestly be booted and replaced.
        
               | johannes1234321 wrote:
               | Well, the voters don't seem to agree...
        
               | notdonspaulding wrote:
               | Judges deciding cases based on what the law says, free
               | from fear of political reprisal is the intended feature.
               | Lifetime appointments get you that (or very nearly to
               | it). If you know of a strictly better way to get the same
               | feature, what is it?
        
               | xienze wrote:
               | > If you know of a strictly better way to get the same
               | feature, what is it?
               | 
               | Let them serve for a limited period of time, say 16 years
               | max. Can't be removed before then. It's not that
               | complicated and would prevent justices who literally sit
               | on the bench until the day they die.
        
               | jonp888 wrote:
               | America surely does not have such a shortage of well-
               | qualified lawyers that each justice needs to serve for
               | decades. It's certainly not an argument anyone would
               | accept regarding the President. Just have them serve a
               | single long term, and then that's it.
               | 
               | You might lose some expertise, but on the other hand, you
               | don't have the tragic spectacle of Justices dieing in
               | office whilst waiting for a 'safe' time to retire.
        
               | johannes1234321 wrote:
               | The point about having them "serve decades" is to ensure
               | that a single government period isn't enough to swap out
               | all judges. If a new political faction comes into power
               | they can't after a short term replace all judges with
               | whatever the view of the season is, but only when the
               | movement is established over long period will gain those
               | powers with election in between, which can rebalance.
               | 
               | Taking again Germany as my example, since I know it best:
               | There are 16 judges with a period of 12 years. Adding the
               | age limit and other reasons that averages to about 2
               | elections per year. Thus a bit more than 4 years till a
               | new group can take over the majority. (Now they are
               | elected alternating by the different chambers of
               | parliament, where one of the chambers, Bundesrat, is also
               | slower moving in replacement ... making it hard for a
               | short term movement to take over control and if, impact
               | is relatively short - unless they stay in power long
               | enough to replace all.
        
               | lostdog wrote:
               | Let them serve a 16 year term on the supreme court, and
               | then return them to a lifetime appointment on a circuit
               | court.
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | If you make it 18 year terms and stagger the appointments
               | (as grandfathered-in justices die or retire) to every 2
               | years, you can make it so that each presidential term
               | appoints two justices, which at least removes some of the
               | potential for luck to dramatically shift the balance of
               | the court.
               | 
               | If that were the case, and justices' terms started in
               | January of even years (to avoid the election cycle), we
               | would currently have 2 Trump appointees, 4 Obama
               | appointees, and 3 Bush appointees, roughly matching what
               | the balance of the court would be next month if Ginsburg
               | had died 3 months later.
        
             | fnbr wrote:
             | Canada has appointments that last until the judge turns 75.
             | Seems like a better system to me.
        
               | johannes1234321 wrote:
               | See sibling comment
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25847810
        
           | pokot0 wrote:
           | You might want to look at the electoral vote and how 1 vote
           | in Wyoming accounts as much as roughly 4 votes in Texas and
           | California. Pretty serious bug that is enabling the far right
           | to be over represented imo.
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | The federal government is the government of the individual
             | states. A state is a sovereign entity. Each vote in the
             | United Nations general assembly is identical regardless of
             | the size of the country voting. Ireland's vote is just as
             | valuable as India's. That's the point of the United States
             | -- it's a republic, not a democracy.
             | 
             | As far as 1 WY vote being worth 4 Texas votes, that's also
             | irrelevant because the president is elected as president of
             | the republic, not the president of individual people.
        
               | pokot0 wrote:
               | I never went as far as saying the the USA is not a
               | democracy but you did. Goes far behind my point, but that
               | was the direction.
               | 
               | Saying that the president is not a president of the
               | people when people literally vote directly for that
               | person (unlike most of the wester republics) is frankly
               | pretty weak. How can you argue he is not the most
               | influencial political figure in a US citizen life?
        
               | cherrycherry98 wrote:
               | The citizens don't vote directly for the president, the
               | electoral college does. Usually the distinction doesn't
               | matter but it does affect outcomes. States have different
               | rules in how their electors vote for the president.
               | 
               | Some states have tied their electoral votes to the
               | national popular vote in the name of increases democracy.
               | It will be interesting to see the first state that has
               | its electoral votes changed due to this. I imagine those
               | residents won't be so thrilled to have their votes go
               | against their will and in favor of how other people in
               | the country voted.
        
               | pokot0 wrote:
               | Yes, I am aware of how it works and indeed it would be
               | interesting to see a change in the election laws.
               | 
               | For all practical purposes though, people vote directly
               | for the president (last election is the proof that even a
               | full front effort won't sway the election outcome from
               | the people's votes). The only practical difference is
               | that one single vote has a different weight depending on
               | what state you live in.
               | 
               | Rural areas are incredibly over-represented imo. This
               | should be addressed more than the tiny details that don't
               | really change the outcome.
               | 
               | Just imagine how different the left and right parties
               | would be if the will of the people would be equally
               | represented.
        
               | russellendicott wrote:
               | > Rural areas are incredibly over-represented imo. This
               | should be addressed more than the tiny details that don't
               | really change the outcome.
               | 
               | So the most populous cities should have the unopposed
               | power to decide all of the federal policies that could
               | impact the lives of rural people? This sounds like the
               | recipe for a Hunger Games classist uprising.
               | 
               | This is the same as saying your vote counts less than
               | someone with more friends than you.
               | 
               | Might as well just throw out the whole state sovereignty
               | idea which is an option.
               | 
               | Our whole system was based on individual rights and that
               | philosophy extends to states as equal members of the
               | union.
        
               | pokot0 wrote:
               | Hmm.. I struggle to understand your logic. Embedded in
               | the concept of Democracy is the fact that there is a rule
               | by which a decision is made and once taken it impacts
               | everyone lives.
               | 
               | Just try to look from the other side of the fence. I can
               | rephrase your question as:
               | 
               | "So the few individuals living in rural areas should have
               | the unopposed power to decide all of the federal policies
               | that could impact the lives of the vast majority of the
               | people in the USA?"
               | 
               | So yes. I am sorry but with a democracy, you sometime
               | lose and have to accept that the decision is different
               | from your preference.
               | 
               | In the US this only applies to federal, how much federal
               | laws should impact states is not really in discussion
               | here (and honestly I have no opinion on the matter. I am
               | originally from Europe and have limited understanding of
               | a lot of states laws and structures).
               | 
               | Also, you are confirming my point that rural areas are
               | over-represented. You seem to intend that it is rightly
               | so, but I do find this criteria unjust, just like your
               | example of voting power coupled with amount of friends
               | is.
               | 
               | To me, the only criteria that I find just is "every
               | person has one vote with the exact same power". It's
               | simple and naive, but only one I have seen that I
               | consider fair.
        
               | pokot0 wrote:
               | Wait... I think I misread when I first answered: "Some
               | states have tied their electoral votes to the national
               | popular vote in the name of increases democracy."
               | 
               | Is this a thing? I had no idea. Do you know what states
               | do that ?
        
               | cherrycherry98 wrote:
               | See: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Popular_Vot
               | e_Inters...
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | The people do not elect the president, that is what all
               | the brouhaha around the Electoral College is about. By
               | convention, each state has agreed that the people vote
               | for who their state is going to vote for - but that is
               | not constitutionally required.
               | 
               | This turns out to be really helpful when someone starts
               | claiming something like widespread voter fraud for
               | instance, because there is no one institution to attack,
               | or even identical set of rules that can be exploited.
               | Each state runs it's elections as it sees fit, and then
               | votes the way it deems necessary - and is strongly
               | interested in making sure it's voice is heard.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > The federal government is the government of the
               | individual states.
               | 
               | In that case, why aren't state legislatures or state
               | governors voting for president and members of congress?
        
               | chipsa wrote:
               | Technically, the state legislatures are entirely in
               | control of which electors are sent for the Presidency.
               | It's just that all of them use the popular vote to
               | determine that. They could pass a law that the governor
               | decides who goes, or that the state legislature chooses
               | exactly who. But they don't at this time.
               | 
               | And prior to the 17th, Senator were chosen by the state
               | governments as well.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | They did, originally. But then we passed the 17th
               | amendment due to rampant bribery on the part of state
               | leaders selling senate seats.
        
               | jdsully wrote:
               | That made sense before nearly everything was declared
               | interstate commerce. The federal government now directly
               | affects people on an individual level in a way it did not
               | when the system was originally formed.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | If that's the issue then surely it's easier to reverse
               | the judicial precedent than to amend the constitution.
        
               | jdsully wrote:
               | My understanding is the vast majority of Americans are in
               | favour of harmonization at a federal level. In the
               | original days of the USA I think citizens identified more
               | with their state than the country as a whole. Outside of
               | Texas that is no longer the case.
        
         | ric2b wrote:
         | > it's one of the checks and balances
         | 
         | On the judicial, so it would be great if it was also subject to
         | Congressional approval. It would still fulfill its purpose.
        
           | saalweachter wrote:
           | As much as I disagree with some pardons, I think the negative
           | effects of looping in Congress would outweigh the positive.
           | 
           | Sometimes pardons are _politically unpopular_ even when they
           | are right or justly merciful. Pardoning someone who
           | embarrassed the government, for instance -- I can easily
           | imagine a majority of Congress choosing to deny Chelsea
           | Manning 's commutation.
           | 
           | It's a bit of a parallel to the "better a hundred guilty go
           | free, than one innocent suffer" philosophy that is supposed
           | to rule the court system -- I'd rather the pardon be flawed
           | in being too generous than too stingy with its mercy.
        
             | orblivion wrote:
             | What if the president pardoned literally... everybody. I
             | wonder what would happen. Maybe he got drunk and wrote
             | something down and handed it to somebody. It's such a
             | simple action, nobody can stop it, he can't take it back
             | when he comes to his senses. Would the system even respond
             | to it? Would they just open all the federal prisons?
        
               | flowerlad wrote:
               | > _What if the president pardoned literally... everybody_
               | 
               | Or worse, had someone murder his political opponent and
               | then pardoned him? This sort of thing was unthinkable a
               | few years ago, but no longer.
        
               | jerkstate wrote:
               | We have had prior presidents commute sentences of people
               | who bombed the senate while the other party had a
               | majority, so your nightmare scenario has basically
               | already happened (but the shoe was on the other foot)
        
               | the_reformation wrote:
               | Yeah who knows what Biden could get up to.
        
               | ghastmaster wrote:
               | Federalist Paper #69 Specifically mentions this over 200
               | years ago.
               | 
               | https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed69.asp
               | 
               | > ...If a governor of New York, therefore, should be at
               | the head of any such conspiracy, until the design had
               | been ripened into actual hostility he could insure his
               | accomplices and adherents an entire impunity...
        
               | wl wrote:
               | Pardons don't work like that. They have to actually be
               | delivered to the recipient to be effective. Pardoning
               | everybody would be a massive printing and mailing
               | operation.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | "On January 21, 1977, U.S. President Jimmy Carter grants
               | an unconditional pardon to hundreds of thousands of men
               | who evaded the draft during the Vietnam War."
        
               | wl wrote:
               | Carter was effectively offering a pardon to any eligible
               | person who wanted it. Affected people still had to
               | request the certificate for the pardon to have any legal
               | effect.
               | 
               | An example:
               | https://www.dcourier.com/news/2019/nov/10/veterans-day-
               | dan-f...
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Considering the amount of junk mail I and everyone else
               | get for free, it doesn't seem like a big hurdle.
        
               | lumost wrote:
               | A blanket pardon, unbounded pardon, issued without a
               | backing legal theory would amount to overruling both the
               | justice branch and the legislative branch.
               | 
               | District Attorneys, the FBI and other agency's
               | responsible for prosecuting crimes report to the
               | President as part of the executive. Each has broad
               | discretionary power on which crimes they prosecute, what
               | sentence they seek, and what deals get cut. The president
               | having some authority to wave crimes goes along with this
               | ( and also short-circuits the president manipulating law
               | enforcement for their own purposes ).
               | 
               | If the president one day decided that he didn't want the
               | executive branch to enforce the law and pardoned
               | everyone... well they'd be impeached quickly, and the
               | supreme court would almost certainly rule that the
               | president doesn't have the power to pardon everyone.
               | Assuredly an injunction would be issued to block the
               | pardon coming into force.
        
             | epage wrote:
             | Maybe it should require a supermajority, like it does to
             | override a veto. That way its only in more extreme cases
             | that congress can interfere.
        
             | slowmovintarget wrote:
             | The pardon and its exercise are yet another reason to be
             | sure that the person you're sending in to the job will
             | exercise the power responsibly.
             | 
             | I agree that there should be no check on the power to
             | pardon. There can't be because Congress does have the power
             | to convict in some rare cases. The check is on the
             | legislative as well as on the judicial branch.
        
         | neaden wrote:
         | I think you are overestimating how intentional this was. The
         | King of England had pardon powers, which was delegated to the
         | King's governors while the US were colonies. The US adopted
         | common law as a system, so they brought in pardon's for the
         | closest thing for a king.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | > It's important to note the reason the President has the power
         | to pardon anyone for any reason is it's one of the checks and
         | balances
         | 
         | Is it though?
         | 
         | I went to school in America, I know what they teach and elevate
         | as sacrosanct.
         | 
         | The developed world laughs at our "checks and balances".
         | 
         | This last term, the judiciary was the only "check and balance"
         | left and it did its job, but it didn't have to.
        
       | Bakary wrote:
       | I have to say there is quite a lot to learn from Levandowski.[0]
       | I am not a fan of corruption but it's undeniable that he played
       | whatever cards he had in life and played them hard. He'll
       | probably be a shadowy billionaire quite soon.
       | 
       | One quote stood out to me at the very end of the article:
       | 
       | "The only thing that matters is the future," he told me after the
       | civil trial was settled. "I don't even know why we study history.
       | It's entertaining, I guess--the dinosaurs and the Neanderthals
       | and the Industrial Revolution, and stuff like that. But what
       | already happened doesn't really matter. You don't need to know
       | that history to build on what they made. In technology, all that
       | matters is tomorrow."
       | 
       | I've always been obsessed by history but always struggled with
       | this same sentiment: that I was escaping reality and my
       | responsibility to try interesting things by plunging into the
       | past.
       | 
       | [0]https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/10/22/did-uber-
       | steal...
       | 
       | edit: to clarify my thoughts given the sudden replies: I don't
       | mean to say I argue for a wholesale casting off of the past.
       | Clearly, I understand the trivial observation that such a view of
       | history has naive aspects, but that's not at all what I am
       | interested in. For me and most other people here that enjoy
       | history and such things, ignoring history would be impossible
       | anyway because the draw is too great. I'm merely putting out a
       | reminder that all our inner or outer debates about the finer
       | points of politics or history or other such topics are often a
       | way to escape seeing what we can do in the present.
       | 
       | Looking at people like Levandowski, you might see yet another
       | arrogant techie that has a blinkered view of the world, (and that
       | is more or less true) but at the same time they are out there
       | doing bold things and living life on the edge for better or for
       | worse. They essentially act like the historical figures we read
       | about, although I am not implying that he is some important
       | figure as of yet (though who knows in the future) just that he
       | shows the same zest for life.
       | 
       | I'm essentially speaking for those whose main problem is the
       | opposite of Levandowski: too much intellectual masturbation, too
       | much thought as entertainment, and too little meaningful
       | application of whatever lessons you may or may not have learned.
       | You may harp on about how history matters, but how many of you
       | have actually been presented with choices that mattered beyond
       | the parameters of your own life?
        
         | mulmen wrote:
         | Bitcoin scams are a great illustration of how to monetize
         | knowledge of history. Or I guess you could just use modern day
         | regulations and emulate what they prohibit in new markets?
        
         | keiferski wrote:
         | Literally everything about the world we live in has been shaped
         | directly and indirectly by historical events and ideas.
         | _Everything_ , from what you wear, what you eat, the shape of
         | the surface of the planet, the ideas you think, your conception
         | of human beings in the universe, and the fact that you are
         | reading this comment (and not listening to it or feeling it.)
         | 
         | The idea that we all just "appear" on Earth from some formless
         | void, then subsequently make totally independent decisions,
         | devoid of any previous influence, is both highly naive and far
         | too common.
        
           | Bakary wrote:
           | There is another layer to look at the problem. Studying
           | history often does not do what it says on the tin for a few
           | reasons
           | 
           | 1. People are rarely in a position to effect changes or draw
           | from historical lessons in the first place
           | 
           | 2. Whatever lessons you can draw are often very contingent on
           | the time and place and even taking into account patterns, we
           | still end up in a situation where the lessons can't really be
           | applied beyond general principles that are already well known
           | without much study involved.
           | 
           | 3. Often the understanding we think we have of historical
           | events is hopelessly distorted anyway, and colored by the
           | sources and narratives we have read or composed in our minds.
           | 
           | In the end, the people who do change history tend to barrel
           | away at problems without taking the past all that much into
           | account beyond some general references. Even if we take into
           | account survivorship bias this is still an important
           | phenomenon to consider. Hence the conclusions that there is
           | much to learn from history is either trivial or actually
           | under its own layer of naivete.
        
         | bcrosby95 wrote:
         | I don't remember the exact quote, but one thing that struck me
         | that Alan Kay mentioned is that one of the best way to invent
         | new things is to look at the past. And that our modern times
         | are just a tiny view into the last 100 years. Lots got left
         | behind. And there's a lot of genius inventions that lost out
         | due to no real fault of their own.
        
         | scotttrinh wrote:
         | "The only thing that matters is HEAD+1. I don't even know why
         | we use version control. It's entertaining, I guess--the commits
         | and the bug fixes and the rewrites, and stuff like that. But
         | what already happened doesn't really matter. You don't need to
         | have the past snapshots to make changes to the current code. In
         | technology, all that matters is tomorrow."
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | I believe that the most useful parts of the history are the
         | parts that are not taught in history classes. Especially
         | monetary history and past enterpreneurs, inventors and
         | scientists. Not history written by winners of wars.
         | 
         | Here's an example:
         | 
         | https://nakamotoinstitute.org/shelling-out/
        
           | keiferski wrote:
           | > winners of wars
           | 
           | What do you think the global acceptance of capitalism is?
        
             | xiphias2 wrote:
             | While there are temporary monopolies, great products win
             | long term. Without capitalism we would live like monkeys in
             | the forest. That would be an interesting life as well, but
             | far not as interesting than what we have now.
        
               | keiferski wrote:
               | Humans were living like monkeys in the forest prior to
               | 1700?
        
         | dionidium wrote:
         | I'd go further. Most _current news_ is purely entertainment.
         | You really don't need to know everything that's going on.
         | Almost none of it is actionable. It's _fine_ as entertainment,
         | but people are convinced they're doing something important when
         | they read the news, when as far as I can tell it's just
         | something they enjoy as a leisure activity.
        
           | Bakary wrote:
           | I wholeheartedly agree. I am currently trying (and failing
           | miserably) to quit news-watching altogether.
        
             | dionidium wrote:
             | My current approach, for whatever it's worth: I subscribe
             | to the Sunday print edition of my city's daily newspaper.
             | For those too young to remember, this is the week's largest
             | edition, which includes summaries of many of the week's
             | stories. I read it over coffee on Sunday morning (away from
             | my laptop). I'm roughly as informed as anybody else about
             | the events of the day.
        
         | throwaway9191a wrote:
         | I worked with a CEO who shared this sentiment about history.
         | After two months with no paychecks, half truths about our
         | funding, and the dev team quitting, he wanted me to start
         | building up a crew of contractors.
         | 
         | After asking what he would change, he told me he had no time to
         | look at the past and could only look ahead.
         | 
         | I learned if you have enough money and lawyers, the past
         | doesn't matter because you can enforce trust through
         | litigation. But if you have to take people on their word, then
         | their history becomes important. I didn't rebuild the team.
         | 
         | I'm sure there is some deeper lesson here between "smarmy
         | business folks" and more principle driven individuals.
        
         | CydeWeys wrote:
         | Is there a lot to learn from him? His amorality has left his
         | reputation in tatters. Yes he earned some money but at what
         | cost? Is being a reviled shadowy billionaire really worthy of
         | praise or respect?
        
           | Bakary wrote:
           | I don't know what his personal life is like. But a person
           | with the freedom to do the things they want and the energy to
           | embark on ambitious projects will have no trouble having a
           | genuine social circle and having great experiences barring
           | some serious psychological obstacle in doing so like Howard
           | Hughes.
           | 
           | This is far more important than this vague idea of
           | reputation. Just because a person has a good reputation
           | doesn't mean they are respected or loved. It could just be
           | that they do not figure at all in people's minds. You can
           | live up to people's expectations and die having never really
           | lived.
           | 
           | Honestly it's somewhat reflective of the infamous slave
           | morality vs. master morality debate
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | Once you have all the money you need what value is a
           | reputation?
        
             | joeyo wrote:
             | Your reputation only matters if you wish to have
             | relationships with other humans.
        
               | xwdv wrote:
               | It doesn't matter. You can have a good reputation and
               | zero human relationships simply because you are not
               | extroverted enough to initiate or maintain them.
        
               | josefresco wrote:
               | When you've bought everything there is to buy, the only
               | thing left is human relationships.
        
         | curtis3389 wrote:
         | Every single second of your life doesn't need to be dedicated
         | to your work.
        
         | drewcon wrote:
         | This seems naive at best. The goal of studying history is not
         | to be paralyzed and constrained by it, but to learn from it.
         | Human behavior seems to be notoriously consistent across
         | centuries, there is much to gain from understanding past
         | mistakes.
         | 
         | Nor is every goal of our existence is about "building stuff",
         | it can also be about just living a just and considered life.
         | 
         | These types of boorish egotistical statements from tech talking
         | heads masquerading as cerebral contrarian thought are much of
         | what's contributed to our current mess.
        
           | dionidium wrote:
           | > _Human behavior seems to be notoriously consistent across
           | centuries, there is much to gain from understanding past
           | mistakes._
           | 
           | It strikes me that this an argument for the uselessness of
           | reading history. People are basically the same as they always
           | have been and just as you can't simply explain to a teenager
           | that they'll feel differently about the world when they're
           | thirty, every generation has to figure life out for itself.
        
             | 0xdde wrote:
             | > People are basically the same as they always have been
             | 
             | And you came to this conclusion without reading any
             | history? This is too absolutist a statement. Sure, some
             | things need to be relearned through experience, but there
             | are also plenty of cases where you don't want to waste time
             | reinventing the wheel.
        
               | dionidium wrote:
               | The downvoters are thrashing a straw man. Obviously
               | nobody believes you're supposed to recreate society every
               | 20 years ex nihilo. What I'm arguing is that the case for
               | reading history has been overstated. Specifically, I was
               | reacting to the claim that, "Human behavior seems to be
               | notoriously consistent across centuries." I agree. It is.
               | Human beings react to the same emotions and incentives
               | they always have and there's no library big enough to
               | change that.
               | 
               | This is like arguing about whether dieting "works." On
               | the one hand, obviously, yes, it works. There's no
               | credible debate about the efficacy of calorie restriction
               | for losing weight. It simply works. On the other hand,
               | most human beings can't actually follow a diet, so, no,
               | it doesn't actually work, for any reasonable definition
               | of "works."
               | 
               | Reading history is probably a lot like that.
        
               | sixstringtheory wrote:
               | > Human beings react to the same emotions and incentives
               | they always have
               | 
               | And we know this... how? Studying history!
               | 
               | > and there's no library big enough to change that
               | 
               | Who's trying to change human nature? This is a strawman
               | _you_ are thrashing. Studying history is about
               | understanding human nature, not changing it. Just like
               | studying physics is about understanding projectile
               | motion, not about changing the gravitational constant.
               | 
               | The idea behind studying history is that we use the
               | insights gained from it to try to solve new challenges in
               | reasonable ways, instead of ways we'd know were likely to
               | fail if we'd just cracked open a book.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Fine, but by your own argument, reading history gives you
               | some insight into how the humans of today will react to
               | certain situations. You can read history to find out what
               | humans actually are like, not what theory says they're
               | like.
        
         | eloff wrote:
         | He's got a point about history, it's just a story we tell
         | ourselves that only resembles what really happened. There's
         | value in that though, because there are many lessons that can
         | be learned from history. Plus it's just fascinating. We like
         | stories, and history is our story.
         | 
         | However, people put way too much emphasis on history - their
         | personal history - and it affects them in all kinds of
         | unhealthy ways. In my opinion it's so much better to leave the
         | past in the past and focus on making a better future. Learn the
         | lessons that can be learned and then move on (easier said than
         | done.) I'm not an expert, but that's my take on it from my life
         | experience and also watching others struggle with their
         | historical baggage.
        
         | dsr_ wrote:
         | If you don't study what people have done in the past, you're
         | going to be severely disadvantaged when you have to deal with
         | them in the future.
         | 
         | Santayana was pithier.
        
         | leto_ii wrote:
         | > "But what already happened doesn't really matter. You don't
         | need to know that history to build on what they made. In
         | technology, all that matters is tomorrow."
         | 
         | To me this is a mind-numbing display of ignorance. Once you
         | understand that you're not the first human being to ever have
         | existed and that the people that came before you (even way
         | before) are not dumber than you, you will immediately realize
         | that there's a lot to learn from what has happened before.
         | 
         | This should be very obvious when it comes to political/social
         | endeavors (e.g. how to push for substantial social change
         | without having things degenerate into some form of
         | totalitarianism), but it's equally as important for scientific
         | and technological ones. For a simple and increasingly popular
         | example just look at Sabine Hossenfelder's line of criticism of
         | contemporary theoretical physics. A lot of it draws on the
         | sociological and historical study of the scientific process.
        
           | Bakary wrote:
           | I've updated my post to clarify my argument as it missed some
           | important details. To me the value of history is trivial to
           | state, but it's the relationship people have with it that can
           | become a problem. There's a lot to learn indeed, but it is a
           | mental trap as well that causes people to overestimate their
           | own importance.
        
           | twox2 wrote:
           | I don't think it's ignorant, it's just another framework of
           | looking at the world. Consider a chessboard that's in the
           | middle of a game. The moves up to that point don't matter.
           | Only the current state of the board matters and you make the
           | best move given the current position.
           | 
           | This is how this person sees technological progress, and I'm
           | inclined to believe he's right... within the context of
           | technology.
           | 
           | Beyond that, I do think history does matter for understanding
           | how humans interact with each other and with our planet.
        
             | Cybiote wrote:
             | That is only because subgame perfect equilibrium is
             | applicable to chess. An imperfect information game like
             | Poker cannot have that. Technology is not a process with
             | complete information therefore the chess analogy in the
             | context of technology cannot work. And as bananabiscuit
             | points out, Leela Zero can get away with considering orders
             | of magnitude fewer positions than Stockfish because of the
             | extensive experience from _past_ games encoded into its
             | weights.
             | 
             | Another argument against ignoring the past is it's
             | important to identify what things remain invariant in
             | society as technology evolves. Allowing for a fuller
             | contextualization, understanding and perhaps somewhat
             | anticipation of the on-going changes and their effects.
             | 
             | Technology itself is based on leveraging libraries, tacit
             | knowledge, internet threads and mathematical concepts
             | decades to hundreds of years old. That's a kind of history.
             | It's not uncommon for advancements to occur after
             | revisiting old lines of research that were ahead of their
             | time.
        
             | leto_ii wrote:
             | > Consider a chessboard that's in the middle of a game. The
             | moves up to that point don't matter. Only the current state
             | of the board matters and you make the best move given the
             | current position.
             | 
             | Since when is reality like a game of chess? Setting aside
             | human history for a moment, just think about natural
             | history (Levandowski mentioned dinosaurs and Neanderthals).
             | Evolutionary biology is to a significant extent a
             | historical discipline - it looks at the record and tries to
             | come up with ways in which animals have changed over time
             | under all sorts of pressures. Can that endeavor be done
             | a-historically? How about even something like cosmology -
             | the origins of the universe etc.?
             | 
             | The universe is not a Markov process. Thinking of it as
             | such is incredibly limiting as an intellectual paradigm.
             | 
             | To be honest I'm not even sure I can think of a way you can
             | completely ignore history and still be able to do useful
             | work of any kind.
        
               | Bakary wrote:
               | A better analogy would be Taleb's "green lumber"
               | story.[0] The narratives we assign to things don't
               | necessarily correspond to what really moved the needle
               | forward. The ability to get things done might sometimes
               | be influenced by historical reading, but it is mostly a
               | factor of reading the present, creating new knowledge,
               | and spending most of your energy on the problems at hand
               | as they actually stand. A person like Zuck might draw
               | parallels from their reading of the classics (to name one
               | notorious example) but in practice their success will be
               | contingent on making decisions in real time with few
               | helpful analogies, or general principles for which
               | historical reading is not strictly necessary. The
               | journalists then comparing Zuck to Augustus are then
               | probably misattributing the causal relationship.
               | 
               | There will be a historical post-facto rationalization of
               | what went down for anything happening in the recent past,
               | but the meat we draw from historical analogies is often
               | poorly applicable since the divergence between the map
               | and the territory is so large. The difference between
               | reality and a game of chess is indeed paramount here, but
               | for different reasons. The past is so complex that the
               | lessons we draw from it are likely to just be distorted
               | narratives that are already just a reflection of the
               | present.
               | 
               | >To be honest I'm not even sure I can think of a way you
               | can completely ignore history and still be able to do
               | useful work of any kind.
               | 
               | In Levandowski's own example, he learned what existed in
               | his time and then built useful things from there without
               | worrying too much about the details of past beyond the
               | directly visible iceberg spire in the present. This is
               | broadly applicable to many fields and there are many
               | people who did the same. It's tautologically true that
               | disciplines that need to draw on the past to move on will
               | do so, such as biology, but that doesn't say all that
               | much about engineering for instance.
               | 
               | [0]https://fs.blog/2016/11/green-lumber-fallacy/
        
             | CydeWeys wrote:
             | > I don't think it's ignorant, it's just another framework
             | of looking at the world. Consider a chessboard that's in
             | the middle of a game.
             | 
             | Chess is an abstract turn-based zero-sum discrete 1-on-1
             | board game with perfect information sharing. In other
             | words, it's completely different from real life in every
             | possible aspect, and thus any drawn parallel is likely to
             | be worthless. Real life is not Chess.
        
             | bananabiscuit wrote:
             | In an ideal sense that's true, but to use your analogy to
             | make the opposite argument: consider someone that has no
             | knowledge of what kinds of moves where made previously in
             | this chess game and other historic chess games, even though
             | theoretically they can figure out a good move given enough
             | time to read the board but that is prohibitively
             | infeasible. On the other hand it is people who have studied
             | games of chess played in the past that end up building an
             | intuition for what a good move is and are much more likely
             | to come close to making a good move in a reasonable amount
             | of time.
        
               | twox2 wrote:
               | I do like this take.
        
             | warkdarrior wrote:
             | > Consider a chessboard that's in the middle of a game. The
             | moves up to that point don't matter. Only the current state
             | of the board matters and you make the best move given the
             | current position.
             | 
             | That is an immensely myopic view. Analyzing the game up to
             | now and understanding the opponent's style of play and
             | tactical preferences are very useful in planning your next
             | move, especially when you have multiple, equally weighted
             | choices.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Also analyzing _your_ moves that got you to that point.
               | Don 't like where things are now? Well, what did you do
               | to get here?
               | 
               | Levandowski may wind up convicted of something else if he
               | doesn't learn from history... _his_ history. So maybe he
               | really ought to look at it a bit.
               | 
               | On the other hand, when you've messed up, and you
               | understand that you've messed up, and you've learned what
               | you can from it, then throwing away the past and moving
               | on is perhaps a psychologically healthy thing.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | No argument there.
         | 
         | The story of Levandowski appears to be a story about
         | consequences being something other people experience.
        
         | deeeeplearning wrote:
         | >I am not a fan of corruption but it's undeniable that he
         | played whatever cards he had in life and played them hard.
         | 
         | His parents were a Diplomat and a Businessman and he graduated
         | with 2 engineering degrees from Berkeley. So we should be
         | lauding him for winning a game of poker when he was dealt a
         | Full House? Lol
        
           | dagw wrote:
           | To stick to with the poker analogy, the measure success is
           | not if you win the hand when you flop a full house, but how
           | big a pot you walk away with. Anybody can walk away with the
           | initial stakes in that situation, the real skill is to use
           | that hand to walk away with all the money at the table.
           | 
           | Lots of people start life with a lot more than he was given
           | and walk away with a lot less.
        
             | deeeeplearning wrote:
             | He was arrested and charged with ~30 felonies and plead
             | guilty to 1 in a plea deal and was due to spend over a year
             | in federal prison. So what exactly did he win?
        
         | cronix wrote:
         | In order to understand why things are the way they are, we
         | first need to understand how they came to be.
        
       | divbzero wrote:
       | HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found       Content-Type: text/html       Last-
       | Modified: Wed, 20 Jan 2021 03:48:59 GMT
        
       | epicureanideal wrote:
       | Disappointing list.
        
       | hehehaha wrote:
       | I really feel for all the prosecutors who worked so hard to catch
       | these criminals.
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | Is this humor?
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | If it's any consolation Trump is probably going to be under
         | investigation at the State level for probably the rest of his
         | life unless he leaves the country - New York wants blood not
         | even including the foundation, Georgia is probing along those
         | lines etc.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | wdb wrote:
       | Looks like the US government supports stealing trade secrets. You
       | would nearly avoid doing business in the US
        
       | diveanon wrote:
       | Time to do away with presidential pardons.
        
       | nojvek wrote:
       | At this point presidential pardons are being handed out almost
       | everyday. It seems Trump wanted some cash and he sold pardons to
       | the highest bidder.
       | 
       | I mean it's a good way to make money and influence. Also shows
       | that US is corrupt to the top seat.
        
       | zarkov99 wrote:
       | Does anyone have some honest insight on why?
        
         | chrisjc wrote:
         | An FU to Google?
         | 
         | Just to clarify what I mean... YouTube has banned Trump's
         | channel.
        
         | buzzert wrote:
         | Playing devil's advocate here; if you take many steps back and
         | try to look at what's best for the country, you might want to
         | look at citizens with great potential who are currently under
         | lock and key.
         | 
         | I don't think anyone is saying Levandowski is innocent (I saw
         | somewhere else in the comments that a pardon is by definition
         | an admission of guilt), but if he's as brilliant of an engineer
         | as some people make him out to be, it would be best for the
         | country if he was back at work instead of in prison.
        
           | zarkov99 wrote:
           | I can see the abstract logic in there, but it is a really
           | hard to believe that could be Trump's reasoning.
        
         | joncrane wrote:
         | I believe Trump's policy was that anyone that contributed
         | something on the order of $1-2 million to whatever he's calling
         | his slush fund these days (Re-election campaign? Legal defense
         | fund?) is eligible for pardon.
        
       | me_me_me wrote:
       | The fact that even fox news was onboard with pardoning Julian
       | Assange and then he pardons Levandowski is... well ironic is an
       | understatement. I am failing to find a word that encapsulates my
       | feelings.
        
         | masklinn wrote:
         | > I am failing to find a word that encapsulates my feelings.
         | 
         | I don't know if there's a specific word for it in any language,
         | but it's completely in character for trump to always pick the
         | worst of two choices.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | I believe it's called "4D Chess".
        
         | odiroot wrote:
         | Wait, but can't Biden pardon Assange now?
        
         | thinkingemote wrote:
         | I'm not entirely sure that it was possible to pardon Assange as
         | he hasn't been convicted with anything yet?
         | 
         | As in , I thought the extradition request was to be sent to USA
         | for a trial.
        
           | dabernathy89 wrote:
           | The most famous pardon in history - Gerald Ford's pardon of
           | Richard Nixon - involved no convictions or
           | charges/indictments:
           | 
           | > [I]... do grant a full, free, and absolute pardon unto
           | Richard Nixon for all offenses against the United States
           | which he, Richard Nixon, has committed or may have committed
           | or taken part in during the period from January 20, 1969
           | through August 9,1974.
           | 
           | https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/speeches/740061.as.
           | ..
        
           | adventured wrote:
           | You can pardon people before they're convicted of anything.
           | 
           | Trump pardoned Steve Bannon for example and he has not yet
           | been convicted (he has been charged). Assange has been
           | charged with various things by the Feds, which is what Trump
           | would pardon. The floated theory went that Trump could
           | plausibly pardon himself as well, for any likely future
           | charges.
        
             | libria wrote:
             | > You can pardon people before they're convicted of
             | anything.
             | 
             | Ford pardoning Nixon is the usual example.
        
             | thinkingemote wrote:
             | Thanks!
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | It's questionable if you can pardon yourself or your
             | coconspirators, and you specifically can't pardon yourself
             | for things you were impeached for.
             | 
             | It's not questionable if you can pardon things that haven't
             | been charged yet. You can. The pardon power is absolute,
             | greater than laws that define specific crimes, and doesn't
             | require accepting guilt or whatever.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > you specifically can't pardon yourself for things you
               | were impeached for.
               | 
               | The pardon power applies to offenses against the US
               | "except in cases of impeachment" (Art. II SS 2 P 1). This
               | uncontroversially means a pardon cannot affect the
               | process of impeachment in the House and trial on charges
               | of impeachment in the Senate. It is disputed whether it
               | also somehow prevents pardons for criminal charges
               | relating to the same act for which the recipient was
               | impeached. The issue has never come up in a
               | nontheoretical sense, so an authoritative resolution
               | hasn't been handed down.
        
               | Supermancho wrote:
               | > can't pardon yourself for things you were impeached for
               | 
               | That's because impeachment is a political process, not a
               | judicial proceeding. Clemency does not affect
               | impeachment.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | That may be the rationale for the limit, but the _legal_
               | reason is because the Constitution expressly limits the
               | pardon power to exclude cases of impeachment.
        
               | vharuck wrote:
               | >It's not questionable if you can pardon things that
               | haven't been charged yet. You can.
               | 
               | For a specific example, Jimmy Carter pardoned everyone
               | who dodged the draft for Vietnam[1]. This showed that
               | pardons could both apply to actions which hadn't been
               | charged _and_ categories of people.
               | 
               | I think one of the only limits on the pardon power is
               | that it can only apply to past behavior.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.justice.gov/pardon/vietnam-war-era-
               | pardon-instru...
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > This showed that pardons could both apply to actions
               | which hadn't been charged and categories of people.
               | 
               | It doesn't actually show that because the legal effect of
               | thar pardon has never been challenged. If no one tries to
               | charge someone subject to a pardon, or that pardon
               | recipient never offers the pardon against the charges,
               | nothing is resolved about the validity and effect of the
               | pardon.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | If a president were to do something really nutty like
               | "Everyone now has a clean slate with respect to federal
               | crimes" I suspect the Supreme Court would find some way
               | to invalidate it. Carter's pardon, while controversial,
               | fell into the category of these weren't exactly serial
               | killers and a lot of people in the country were ready to
               | move on.
        
         | rasz wrote:
         | Im sure Biden will pardon Assange as the first thing he dos in
         | office. After all its a good change, right?
        
         | avs733 wrote:
         | I would imagine pardoning assange was seen as a large risk to
         | trump.
        
         | adventured wrote:
         | Trump isn't considered a Republican by any of the powerful
         | people in the Republican Party, or most of its big traditional
         | financial backers (the Kochs particularly dislike him). It's
         | why people like Mitch McConnell turned on him when it was clear
         | Trump's power was gone. It's why they did everything they could
         | to prevent him from winning the party nomination in the first
         | place. The other Republican candidates were very weak and Trump
         | sensed that and proceeded to smash them one by one.
         | 
         | The comedy of it all, is that Trump running was merely an
         | arrangement with his former pals the Clintons (arranged in a
         | phone conversation with Bill Clinton prior to declaring [1]).
         | He was supposed to just target and knock off Jeb Bush as a
         | favor. The reality TV style name attack gimmick (low energy
         | Jeb, sleepy Joe, etc) worked so well that it became clear there
         | was a runway to the Presidency and he took it.
         | 
         | Trump is a populist opportunist narcissist, all in one. Party
         | is irrelevant to him, he isn't a partisan at all. He would have
         | happily run as a Democrat - which is what he was previously -
         | if he could have gotten to the Presidency easier that way.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20150819083634/https://www.washi...
        
           | josefresco wrote:
           | "Trump running was merely an arrangement with his former pals
           | the Clintons"
           | 
           | You're reaching.
        
             | jshevek wrote:
             | I cannot reply to the dead comment, so I'm replying to
             | Jose's. Adventure: if you have any evidence I'd like to see
             | it.
        
           | FriendlyNormie wrote:
           | Take your meds, schizo.
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | I was expecting a pardon for Assange if purely because he did
         | Trump a solid during the campaign. I'm guessing it was killed
         | by the national security types in his administration
        
           | kevinmchugh wrote:
           | > Trump is also not expected to pardon Edward Snowden or
           | Julian Assange, whose roles in revealing US secrets
           | infuriated official Washington.
           | 
           | While he had once entertained the idea, Trump decided against
           | it because he did not want to anger Senate Republicans who
           | will soon determine whether he's convicted during his Senate
           | trial.
           | 
           | https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/19/politics/trump-self-pardon-
           | wa...
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | > Stephen K. Bannon - President Trump granted a full pardon to
       | Stephen Bannon. Prosecutors pursued Mr. Bannon with charges
       | related to fraud stemming from his involvement in a political
       | project. Mr. Bannon has been an important leader in the
       | conservative movement and is known for his political acumen.
       | 
       | This one is hilarious. The "political project" was raising money
       | for a border wall via crowdfunding and putting it into his own
       | pocket. He scammed the most hardcore Trump supporters, and got
       | pardoned by Trump for it.
        
         | jmcguckin wrote:
         | You should recite the facts correctly. Supposedly, Bannon
         | represented to the public that 100% of donated funds were going
         | to build the wall. In fact, prosecuters allege that 'hundreds
         | of thousands' were diverted to pay Banon's personal bills.
         | That's out of 25 million raised.
        
           | dimator wrote:
           | According to the unsealed indictment, bannon received $1m
           | through a non-profit, which he used to transfer to pay for
           | unrelated shit using fake invoices.
           | 
           | https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/press-
           | release/file/1306611...
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | chandra381 wrote:
           | He still stole and he's still a criminal. What are you trying
           | to prove here
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | What part of what I said was incorrect?
           | 
           | > Bannon and another defendant, Brian Kolfage, allegedly
           | promised donors that the campaign, which raised more than $25
           | million, was "a volunteer organization" and that "100% of the
           | funds raised ... will be used in the execution of our mission
           | and purpose," according to the indictment.
           | 
           | > Instead, according to prosecutors, Bannon, through a
           | nonprofit under his control, allegedly used more than $1
           | million from We Build the Wall to "secretly" pay Kolfage and
           | cover hundreds of thousands of dollars in Bannon's personal
           | expenses.
           | 
           | https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/19/politics/steve-bannon-
           | pardone...
        
           | tsimionescu wrote:
           | Oh yeah, he only stole a million dollars of people's money,
           | not the full 25 million. It's so unfair to pursue him!
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | I've seen some legal opinions that the pardon doesn't matter
         | that much since he could apparently be tried on a state level
         | anyways.
        
       | noisy_boy wrote:
       | Whats up with sprinkling of "xyz is an upstanding citizen and
       | father to n beautiful children." ? They are clearly not an
       | upstanding citizen - otherwise they wouldn't require a
       | presidential pardon. Being father to children is not an
       | achievement and any two consenting healthy adult man and woman
       | can produce them irrespective of their standing in society. And
       | beauty of children is a criteria for pardon now? What if the
       | children were ugly - "clearly he doesn't deserve a pardon, look
       | at his children!" ?! What utter bullshit.
        
         | devmunchies wrote:
         | >They are clearly not an upstanding citizen - otherwise they
         | wouldn't require a presidential pardon
         | 
         | so snowden isn't an upstanding citizen either? law abiding
         | citizen != upstanding citizen
        
           | noisy_boy wrote:
           | Good point - I stand corrected on that front.
        
         | sn_master wrote:
         | >They are clearly not an upstanding citizen
         | 
         | Your sole argument here is that they were convicted by a court
         | for violating the law.
         | 
         | Are you saying everyone convicted by the criminal justice
         | system is a bad human being? Because the pardon is by
         | definition an admission of guilt, it doesn't exonerate them
         | from what they did.
        
         | pbhjpbhj wrote:
         | The beauty thing is interesting, beauty is our way of assessing
         | quickly if someone is a good mate (biologically). Good mates
         | strengthen the species, by definition [assuming the system
         | works, maybe it doesn't]. So, beauty of the children is an
         | appeal to tribal instinct that it would be useful to society
         | for this family to prosper.
         | 
         | I'm absolutely not saying I agree with this manner of assessing
         | people; but it's interesting to imagine how it fits into
         | development of the species and how that 'works' with society.
        
         | rmk wrote:
         | It's a way of saying that person who is pardoned is a good
         | parent (and therefore not irredeemably bad) and the (blameless)
         | children will benefit from the pardon.
        
           | eli wrote:
           | Well it's not like they can argue he was innocent.
        
         | totoglazer wrote:
         | Doesn't even require consent :(
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dcolkitt wrote:
         | I would argue that creating a new human being is an act of
         | charity. Most people are very happy to exist, and probably
         | grateful that their parents chose to create them. Especially
         | given the fact that parenting requires a huge investment of
         | time and resources.
         | 
         | That doesn't mean that parents can't be bad people, or that
         | parenthood is the only criteria of goodness. But knowing that
         | somebody chose to become a parent strongly updates my priors
         | about their character.
        
           | beaugunderson wrote:
           | For a compelling opposing view see "Better Never to Have
           | Been":
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Better_Never_to_Have_Been
        
             | dcolkitt wrote:
             | I've read it. Benatar does a lot of mental gymnastics to
             | arrive at his conclusion.
             | 
             | But the simple argument, that he never overcomes, is how
             | many people if given access to a time machine would use it
             | to prevent their own birth? How many would use it to
             | prevent the creation of life on Earth? Even after reading
             | Benatar's carefully crafted tome, I doubt that very many
             | readers would be convinced to change their answers to these
             | questions.
        
           | gfxgirl wrote:
           | plenty of people don't choose or choose under a kind of
           | duress (religious guilt)
        
             | dcolkitt wrote:
             | Sure, that's true. And in past times that was a stronger
             | critique. But in the modern Western world, this only
             | applies to a tiny fraction of parents. The vast majority of
             | parents today willingly chose to become parents.
        
         | qwerty456127 wrote:
         | This! Always baffled me. This probably is something from the
         | colonial age when the population was tiny, conditions were
         | harsh, labor hard, medicine nonexistent so producing a fellow
         | colonist was considered an extremely valuable act, also
         | requiring genuine dedication and courage.
        
         | floatrock wrote:
         | It sets the narrative on relatable humanizing neighborly fluff
         | in order to dodge the messy grey reality of the world.
        
       | godmode2019 wrote:
       | George hotz said that Anthony Lewandowski was a real leader and
       | the problem with real leaders is they do first and ask questions
       | later. I don't know Anthony Lewandowski but I agree with the
       | sentiment. Disruption is disrupting, and tends to be illegal. Its
       | pretty hard to stay in the right side of the law, if you think
       | you have not done anything this is because you are not big enough
       | for someone to try find something.
        
         | tsimionescu wrote:
         | Even if it were true that True Disruption => Illegality (it
         | isn't), it does not follow that doing illegal things makes you
         | a genius disruptor. Levandowski's crime was not his disruption,
         | it was stealing code from his former employer for his own
         | personal gain.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | nelsonmandela wrote:
       | Heartbreaking to see how long some of these people were locked up
       | for their crimes. Some of them just don't match up.
       | 
       | I wish it was an ongoing thing a president did every night before
       | bed - get presented with a curated list of deserving prisoners
       | and a rubberstamp. Far better than a splurge at the end of term.
        
       | contemporary343 wrote:
       | This is all so hilariously corrupt. I'm not sure I can even
       | muster anger for this, just laughter. (I'll reserve the anger for
       | the pandemic and this administration's callous, frankly criminal
       | handling of it).
       | 
       | (So Levandowski and Jared are going to launch a venture fund
       | soon, right?)
        
         | eplanit wrote:
         | It was criminal to enable pharma to fast track development of
         | vaccines, in half the most optimistic forecasts of how long
         | that would take? It was criminal to invoke the defense
         | production act to make ventilators -- far more than we needed?
         | Building those field hospitals (that were never needed)... the
         | ships?
         | 
         | That's my kind of criminal, if so.
        
           | paulgb wrote:
           | It was deeply irresponsible to play into political divisions
           | rather than promoting mask use. It was deeply irresponsible
           | to undermine states' efforts to mitigate spread, to the point
           | of encouraging "lock her up" chants about Gretchen Whitmer
           | that encouraged a kidnapping plot.
           | 
           | He did a few things right, but let's not pretend the last
           | year hasn't been mostly political theatre rather than
           | leadership and one man could have led with a different tone.
        
         | dvaun wrote:
         | Don't forget to have the additionally-pardoned Michael Liberty
         | join the efforts to attract investors. Over $50 million
         | defrauded [0][2] from investors, and it wasn't his first rodeo
         | with the SEC[1].
         | 
         | [0]:
         | https://www.sec.gov/litigation/litreleases/2018/lr24092.htm
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.pressherald.com/2016/11/30/sec-charges-ex-
         | maine-...
         | 
         | [2]: https://www.pressherald.com/2018/04/02/liberty-in-sec-
         | crossh...
        
           | Proven wrote:
           | Reminds me of Clinton's (that guy who escaped to Swiss) and
           | Obama's pardons.
           | 
           | Sad, all of them!
        
           | salawat wrote:
           | ...is a Presidential pardon final come the next
           | Administration? Or has that not really been tested in court?
        
             | wahern wrote:
             | A pardon requires delivery and acceptance. (Actually, I
             | think delivery is incomplete without acceptance.)
             | Theoretically an incoming president could recall the pardon
             | if it hasn't been delivered. Not sure what may constitute
             | as delivery; or acceptance, for that matter. I don't think
             | the manner of delivery or acceptance has been tested, let
             | alone enumerated. If it's as simple as a phone call, then
             | presumably nothing could be done.
             | 
             | I think a more interesting question is whether there's a
             | specificity requirement. AFAIU, that hasn't been answered,
             | either.
        
               | marmaduke wrote:
               | There was an even more interesting question raised on
               | r/NeutralPolitics about whether the pardon has to even be
               | made public. It seems there's an interpretation of the
               | law where the pardon only becomes public when the
               | recipient makes use of it in a public court.
        
               | gonesilent wrote:
               | Also talk of putting it on the secret computer for
               | national security until use.
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | Why would it need to be public? The Constitution does not
               | stipulate that limitation.
               | 
               | This is literally all it says...
               | 
               | > he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for
               | Offences against the United States, except in Cases of
               | Impeachment.
        
               | gowld wrote:
               | Because "pardon" is not defined anywhere so the nation
               | has to decide what it means.
        
               | craftinator wrote:
               | Is that before or after the coifing of the sacrificial
               | goat?
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | This is not mentioned anywhere in the text of the pardon
               | power of the Constitution.
               | 
               | What gives you the impression pardons are limited to
               | those that are "delivered" and/or "accepted". How would
               | that even be legally demonstrated to a court.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | _What gives you the impression pardons are limited to
               | those that are "delivered" and/or "accepted"._
               | 
               | The Supreme Court apparently ruled that way in a case a
               | long time ago and that precedence has never been
               | challenged (or come up again for that matter)
               | 
               | See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c9IRZ9FzWEA
               | 
               | But realistically if they tried to revoke a pardon today
               | it would certainly go to the Supreme Court again and they
               | would almost certainly rule the other way.
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | A Youtube video of someone's opinion is not a reliable
               | source.
               | 
               | Looking up Grants revocation of Johnson's pardons - it's
               | hard to find details, but it does seem like a Federal
               | judge took issue that they were not delivered prior to
               | the new president revoking them.
               | 
               | Given that there's no such limitation in the
               | Constitution, I wonder if it would hold up to SCOTUS.
               | ...and maybe that's why they announce them publicly these
               | days.
        
             | amatix wrote:
             | https://davidallengreen.com/2021/01/can-a-presidential-
             | pardo... discusses -- in 1869 one got rescinded because the
             | original was never delivered (but according to the post
             | that isn't binding).
        
             | viraptor wrote:
             | There's a short from Legal Eagle about it
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c9IRZ9FzWEA
             | 
             | There's also a difference between state and federal charges
             | - even if they've been pardoned, they can still be charged
             | for related crimes.
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | One thing to note - they cannot be charged with the SAME
               | exact crime in state court (that would run afoul of
               | double-jeopardy).
               | 
               | As you said, though it's not clear, it need to be a
               | different (though potentially related) crime.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | This is not true -- double jeopardy applies to the same
               | jurisdiction. You can certainly be charged in state and
               | federal court for the same crime.
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | Actually, you are correct.
               | 
               | https://www.wklaw.com/double-jeopardy-federal/
               | 
               | Of course, there's still the limitation that the State
               | would need to find it's own law that the accused violated
               | - they have no jurisdiction over Federal law (and vice-
               | versa).
               | 
               | Still... it doesn't sit quite right with me. If someone
               | is acquitted by a jury in, let's say, Rhode Island for
               | murder. It doesn't seem right that the Federal government
               | could step in and hold an entirely new trial thereafter.
               | Seems to fly in the face of what Double-Jeopardy is
               | supposed to prevent.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Isn't that exactly why federal hate-crime legislation
               | exists? To allow a do-over in federal court if juries in
               | some jurisdictions ignore crimes against some victims?
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And for that matter, even if acquitted in a criminal
               | trial, someone can be found guilty in a civil trial (with
               | a lower standard of evidence). See, famously, OJ Simpson.
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | I suppose, but for that you cannot be sued merely for
               | committing a crime - you need to prove tangible personal
               | direct damages.
               | 
               | ...and that can happen regardless of criminal conviction.
        
         | hypervisorxxx wrote:
         | The most interesting pardons are the no name ones. Pardoned
         | restaurant chain fraud for an italian not even charged in NY.
         | Sounds like mafia related crime to me.
         | 
         | The other no name money laundering criminals are all related to
         | either his gambling businesses or his place of living in
         | Florida.
         | 
         | He's basically pardoning people he's been doing crimes with for
         | a long time and then if course some big names.
         | 
         | I'm happy to see some rappers pardoned though tbh. Their music
         | has influenced my life, they've done great deal of good outside
         | of music and none of them were in the can for things like
         | harming women or animals etc.
        
           | cascom wrote:
           | Its interesting to me that gun crimes don't meet your
           | threshold of offenses that should potentially carry a prison
           | term
        
             | jdanp wrote:
             | Gun possession is a non-violent crime. It's insane that Lil
             | Wayne can't possess a gun because he once possessed a gun
             | in a place that only the rich, well connected, or retired
             | police officers can possess a gun.
        
           | hnburnsy wrote:
           | There were some deserving pardons here...
           | 
           | "The CAN-DO Foundation thanks President Trump for providing a
           | second chance to numerous deserving individuals through the
           | use of his Executive Clemency powers. Many defendants that
           | receive draconian sentences are individuals who exercised
           | their Sixth Amendment right to a trial and suffered the trial
           | penalty phase by receiving harsh mandatory sentences many
           | times greater than if they had taken a plea. These sentences
           | were often based primarily on the testimony of other co-
           | conspirators who received sentence reductions once they
           | testified and were in many cases far more culpable. Executive
           | clemency represented the last hope for many of these
           | individuals to have a second chance at life since (with
           | limited exceptions) there is no federal parole."
           | 
           | https://www.candoclemency.com/can-do-thanks-president-
           | trump-...
        
           | syndacks wrote:
           | IMO it was Lil Wayne's verse criticising Bush that earned him
           | the pardon:
           | 
           | "I gotta bring the hood back after Katrina / Weezy F Baby now
           | the F is for FEMA"
        
           | gowld wrote:
           | They were pardoned because they paid Trump campaign favors,
           | putting his corrupt administration and their own self
           | interest over the good of a nation in crisis. That's far
           | worse than their original crimes.
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | Many pardons are recommended to the President by the Justice
           | department for various reasons. A lot are for non-violent
           | drug crimes that someone in the department felt was too
           | harsh/etc...
           | 
           | It's not like they are all Trump's friends. But obviously
           | conspiracy theories will prevail, sadly.
        
             | CodeArtisan wrote:
             | >Many pardons are recommended to the President by the
             | Justice department for various reasons
             | 
             | Most Trump's pardons bypassed DOJ.
             | 
             | https://www.lawfareblog.com/trumps-circumvention-justice-
             | dep...
             | 
             | https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/most-
             | clemency-...
        
             | gowld wrote:
             | The "conspiracy theories" were in Trump's pardon documents,
             | like the "Russia hoax".
        
               | yonaguska wrote:
               | You must have missed the declass on the origins of the
               | Russia hoax, where Steele admitted that he intentionally
               | leaked information and engaged in info-laundering because
               | he saw Trump as being potentially damaging to UK/US
               | relations.
               | 
               | And where he admits that he leaked info in order to
               | counter the effect of Hillary's emails on the 2016
               | election. So, literal foreign interference in an
               | election.
               | 
               | You may have also missed the declass that showed Fiona
               | Hill perjured herself when she stated she had no idea who
               | Christopher Steele was- yet actually met with him while
               | he was compiling his dossier.
        
               | lern_too_spel wrote:
               | Nobody was convicted on the basis of Steele's dossier.
        
         | JeremyNT wrote:
         | Not to "both sides" this too much, because I do feel like
         | there's a new, special level of corruption and self-dealing on
         | display with this administration, but it's not uncommon for
         | these guys to use pardons for personal gain or the benefits of
         | their friends. For a little context and flavor, remember that
         | Clinton pardoned some real winners on his last day too,
         | including some guy who paid $200k to Hillary Clinton's brother
         | for the pardon [0], Bill Clinton's own brother (codename:
         | "headache" [3]) and a Democratic party loyalist who was
         | convicted of child porn and sexual assault with a minor [2].
         | 
         |  _p.s. - if you wonder why the Clintons are especially hated in
         | some circles, and if you wonder why people are so quick to
         | believe those Q conspiracy theories, the kernels of truth exist
         | and originate in simple corruption like this_
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almon_Glenn_Braswell#Unsubstan...
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_McDougal#Whitewater_affa...
         | 
         | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Reynolds
         | 
         | [3]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Clinton,_Jr.#Conviction_...
        
           | gfodor wrote:
           | Pardons have an interesting characteristic in that you can be
           | both angry at unnecessarily harsh punishment (therefore, be
           | happy with it being undone) but also be angry at the
           | corruption that leads to the pardon (therefore, be angry at
           | it being undone.)
        
           | jmull wrote:
           | > Not to "both sides"
           | 
           | What do you think you just did?
        
             | unishark wrote:
             | hence the "...but".
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | > Not to "both sides" this too much
             | 
             | So not "both siding" too little or too much, but both
             | siding a just right amount?
        
               | jmull wrote:
               | No "both siding" is the right amount.
               | 
               | The "sides" we ought to be considering are corrupt
               | politicians and those of us who object to corrupt
               | politicians.
               | 
               | Framing this as if there are two equivalent and corrupt
               | sides effectively normalizes and excuses these corrupt
               | pardons.
        
             | preommr wrote:
             | They framed a relevant point that furthers the discussion
             | in a way that was less ambiguous and less likely to do
             | harm.
             | 
             | For me personally, it's frustrating to see comments about
             | things like whataboutism when they're obviously just to
             | deflect and distract.
             | 
             | At the very least, with caveats like saying "I don't
             | support this, but..." there's some level of acknowledgement
             | of, "yes, this might be veering into sketchy waters".
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | tacitusarc wrote:
             | I don't really think it's about "both sides", I think it's
             | about contextualizing the action. Because the Trump
             | administration was so insane in so many ways, we tend to
             | forget (or maybe misremember) that there is a very real and
             | persistent form of corruption in our politics that far
             | predates Trump. The end of the Trump regime does not mean
             | the end of political corruption, not by a long shot, and we
             | would do well to remember that. I think one of my biggest
             | fears with Biden is that because he isn't Trump, everyone
             | will take a deep sigh of relief, and then ignore the more
             | mundane "political corruption as usual" aspects of his
             | presidency.
        
           | newacct583 wrote:
           | Not to agree too much with a both-sidsing of Trump
           | corruption, but in fact I agree here.
           | 
           | This pardon was... really pretty conventional. It's of a non-
           | violent crime and a comparatively compartmentalized one that
           | doesn't impact the nation as a whole. Incentivising
           | industrial espionage isn't "not bad", but it's not _that_
           | bad.
           | 
           | This is routine Washington stuff, really. The genuinely
           | corrupt pardons, of his family and associates (and
           | potentially himself) for crimes committed during the
           | administration don't seem to have materialized[1]. The list
           | from yesterday is very long, but really pretty unsurprising.
           | 
           | [1] But there is still an hour and a half left. A pardon can
           | be scrawled on a napkin in 30 seconds and then shown to the
           | media to deliver it. There's no formality requirement in the
           | constitution. If he does it before noon then it counts.
        
           | noelsusman wrote:
           | If you're going to both sides this you should at least
           | mention Clinton's most corrupt pardon (Marc Rich).
           | 
           | I would say that it is uncommon for presidents to abuse the
           | pardon power like this, it's just not completely unheard of.
           | It's also worth noting that Trump multiplied the total number
           | of corrupt presidential pardons in US history by something
           | like 10 in his time in office. The scale is hard to fully
           | grasp.
        
             | akarma wrote:
             | As of November 2020, Trump utilized both pardons and
             | clemencies much less than any president in modern history
             | according to Pew Research [1][2].
             | 
             | He granted clemency to 143 more last night which places him
             | closer in line to Bush and G.W. Bush, but there's no way
             | your data here would include that (and that still places
             | him at a very low number), so I'm wondering where you're
             | getting this data, and how you qualify "corrupt."
             | 
             | If we look at a handful of Bill Clinton's corrupt pardons
             | on his last day in office alone as mentioned in the gp
             | comment above:
             | 
             | (1) Susan McDougal who went to jail for contempt of court
             | for him, (2) Braswell who paid Hillary $200k for the
             | pardon, (3) his brother Roger Clinton Jr, (4) Democrat Mel
             | Reynolds who was granted clemency after being found guilty
             | of sexual abuse of a minor.
             | 
             | Thus, Trump must have had at least 40? Where is the source?
             | 
             | [1] https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/11/24/so-
             | far-trum... [2] https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/2020/11/FT_20...
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | My second thought on this was "I wonder how much he paid".
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | amatecha wrote:
       | Issued on January 20th, 2021.... Didn't Joe Biden just win the
       | popular vote with 51.3% on... November 3rd, 2020, over two months
       | ago? Why does the US political system wait months to enact the
       | peoples' will? I don't understand this at all.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | Is this a serious question? This is what most systems do right?
         | Hold an election and then the newly elected sit at some later
         | point in time.
         | 
         | Or are you suggesting the second we know the winner the
         | previous president should be booted out?
        
           | bidirectional wrote:
           | In the UK, a new Prime Minister will generally be in power
           | within 24 hours of the election ending. Three months seems
           | insane in contrast.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | Huh, as a Canadian it's usually a month or more. Which is
             | odd considering we adopted your system.
        
           | kenneth wrote:
           | I believe, in many parliamentary systems the parliament is
           | dissolved first after which government becomes a caretaker
           | government and cannot enact major new policy changes. After
           | an election is held, new members of parliament are elected
           | and must form a governing coalition that has a majority of
           | the members (sometimes with one party, sometimes with
           | multiple parties) can select a new prime minister and start
           | governing in earnest. Sometimes, they cannot come to an
           | agreement on a governing coalition and they continue without
           | a government for a while until they can. Belgium is infamous
           | for having gone years without a real government that can
           | enact policy due to their failure to establish a majority
           | coalition. This is however very unusual.
           | 
           | Over the past couple years I'm strongly starting to believe
           | that this is a better system of government than the US
           | republican[1] model.
           | 
           | [1] by republican, I mean of a republic, not the GOP
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | > Or are you suggesting the second we know the winner the
           | previous president should be booted out?
           | 
           | I think GP is asking why it's 2 months instead of something
           | like 2 weeks.
           | 
           | > Or are you suggesting the second we know the winner the
           | previous president should be booted out?
           | 
           | It's not a terrible idea to prevent them from signing new
           | legislation or doing anything else of massive importance. If
           | it was worth doing, it should've been done before the
           | election so that voters had all the information before
           | casting their votes.
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | So, most developed democracies are parliamentary democracies,
           | and don't have executive presidents. In that case, it's
           | normally pretty rapid. For instance, Ireland held a general
           | election on the 8th of Feb 2020, the 32nd Dail was dissolved
           | on the 14th of Feb 2020, and the 33rd Dail convened on the
           | 20th. In that particular case, the cabinet (the executive)
           | stayed in power as a caretaker government for months
           | afterwards (and took major decisions over covid) because the
           | new Dail struggled to either appoint a new prime minister or
           | call a new election (covid was unhelpful there), but that's
           | very abnormal.
           | 
           | In presidential and quasi-presidential systems, it typically
           | takes a week or so. The US really is an anomaly here.
        
           | amatecha wrote:
           | Yeah, it's a serious question. In the 2015 Canadian General
           | Election[0] the new Prime Minister and cabinet were sworn in
           | two weeks later (though others seem to be often about a month
           | later). I recently saw someone talking about their country
           | swearing in the new party the actual next day(!), though I
           | can't seem to find what country that was. Two months seems
           | crazy to me.
           | 
           | [0]
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Canadian_federal_election
        
           | dodobirdlord wrote:
           | It's actually extremely unusual how long the period is
           | between elections and elected officials taking office in the
           | United States.
        
         | matham wrote:
         | It's an artifact of history, when 200 years ago it may have
         | taken weeks for states to count votes, certify and send
         | representatives with the results, assuming they made it to the
         | capital and didn't die during travel when their horse fell into
         | a river or something...
         | 
         | Plus, once confirmed (on the 6th), it does take some time to
         | change cabinets etc.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | A. We did not know anything on Nov 3
         | 
         | B. There is a process in the US that involves state electors
         | having their votes counted and certified and the new government
         | installed
         | 
         | C. No country in the world instantly swaps governments at
         | election result time.
        
           | lordnacho wrote:
           | It's pretty swift in a number of European countries, days not
           | weeks.
           | 
           | Fact is the civil service is not being swapped, just the
           | political leaders of the departments. Perfectly fine to just
           | swap ministers in a matter of days.
        
             | zajio1am wrote:
             | > It's pretty swift in a number of European countries, days
             | not weeks.
             | 
             | Unlikely. After election, coalition negotiation starts and
             | that took weeks or months. Only after a new coalition is
             | negotiated then a new government may be voted in by MPs.
             | 
             | For example last EU elections was 2019-05, while new
             | commission was voted in 2019-11.
        
             | joveian wrote:
             | The core of the issue is that the US president has way too
             | much power and does replace a large number of civil service
             | positions. "Just after the presidential election, a revised
             | edition of the Plum Book is published, which lists over
             | 9,000 federal civil service leadership and support
             | political appointment positions which an incoming
             | administration needs to review, and fill or confirm."
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_presidential_transition
        
             | KSteffensen wrote:
             | Assuming the newly elected parliament can agree on a
             | government. This is not always so easy, Belgium are famous
             | for not having a government for years at a time.
             | 
             | This is not a 'Europe is different from USA' thing. Each
             | country/system is peculiar in its own way.
        
       | khazhoux wrote:
       | I'm disappointed in Michael Ovitz, who I've thought well of
       | before now. Why would he stoop to this? Lewandowski was clearly
       | very much in the wrong. Justice was in no way miscarried by his
       | conviction.
        
         | chandra381 wrote:
         | I don't know if you've read Mike Isaac's book on Uber? Michael
         | Ovitz very famously screwed over Travis Kalanick when he
         | invested in Travis' first startup.
        
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