[HN Gopher] Show HN: Compare prices that US hospitals charge pat...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Show HN: Compare prices that US hospitals charge patients,
       insurance companies
        
       Author : ageitgey
       Score  : 358 points
       Date   : 2021-01-18 14:04 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (turquoise.health)
 (TXT) w3m dump (turquoise.health)
        
       | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
       | Congratulations on the launch!
       | 
       | Turquoise Health could be solving this need gap - 'How much will
       | I be charged for my treatment'[1] posted on my problem validation
       | platform.
       | 
       | You're welcomed to explain how Turquoise Health helps solve their
       | problem in that thread.
       | 
       | [1]https://needgap.com/problems/122-how-much-will-i-be-
       | charged-... (Disclaimer: It's a problem validation platform I
       | created).
        
       | hedora wrote:
       | It would be nice if I could set my insurance plan once, and then
       | see the cash and insured prices in the search results.
        
         | ageitgey wrote:
         | This is in the works! We hope to implement this as soon as
         | we've cross-referenced all the plans across providers.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | treeman79 wrote:
       | Walked into a clinic for a weekly shot. Paid 60 dollar co-pay
       | each week.
       | 
       | One day I asked how much go get shot without insurance.
       | 
       | It was $15.
       | 
       | I was paying 4x to use insurance. And insurance was getting
       | billed on top of that.
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | Did you switch to getting it without insurance?
        
       | ummonk wrote:
       | And of course the FTC doesn't care about the blatant
       | anticompetitive behavior by hospitals.
        
         | huitzitziltzin wrote:
         | Where do you get that from?
         | 
         | The FTC has challenged a lot of hospital mergers. They are not
         | always successful, but they _do_ challenge them.
         | 
         | Source: healthcare/competition economist.
        
       | 5cents wrote:
       | A famous Norwegian professor of social medicine, Per Fugelli,
       | once told a story in a talk that has stuck with me for some
       | reason; Per was talking to a taxi driver, and the driver told him
       | that he was having surgery on his heart valve. Per asked if he
       | was scared , and the driver looked at him and said "No, Per,
       | would you like to know why? Because the surgeon who will operate
       | me has also operated the King" (the King of Norway has had
       | several heart surgeries through ht eyears). I think it's a nice
       | story.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, most of his works are in Norwegian, but his last
       | essay before dying from cancer was called Thank you, Norway - and
       | good luck on your watch (Google Translate uses "god vakt", but I
       | guess it is an idiomatic greeting to guards whos shift is
       | starting) [0] - he was afraid the three pillars of the Norwegian
       | society was somewhat threatened: justice, trust, freedom
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=no&tl=en&u=https:/...
        
       | SteveCoast wrote:
       | A number of people, including me, have been building similar
       | things, see http://price.hospital
       | 
       | The problem seems to be figuring out a revenue model, and
       | translating all the medical terms in to human.
        
         | egillie wrote:
         | Same, I've been mapping out CA average prices at
         | http://hospitalprices-env.eba-r2yhwdcw.us-west-1.elasticbean...
         | 
         | Comparing just the price of a hip replacement is difficult,
         | because there are so many other services that will bundled in
         | with a hip replacement (anesthesia etc) that may not be
         | represented in the service price alone.
         | 
         | The "average cost by diagnosis code a patient comes in with"
         | transparency requirement is an attempt at solving that, but
         | doesn't differentiate between insurance plans.
         | 
         | Also, I love OpenStreetMap, thanks for your work on that!
        
           | technics256 wrote:
           | Are you scraping this or just visiting each site manually and
           | getting the machine readable data? Cool stuff!!
        
             | egillie wrote:
             | California collected all of their hospitals' data at
             | https://oshpd.ca.gov/data-and-reports/cost-
             | transparency/hosp...
             | 
             | The average prices for common procedures is on the 1045
             | sheet
             | 
             | I have my gripes with California but I love that they did
             | this
        
               | technics256 wrote:
               | Woah, I'm a CA resident and also surprised and happy. Are
               | you seeing a lot of non-compliance?
        
         | ageitgey wrote:
         | For us, the revenue model isn't this site itself. It's other
         | work we do in the industry - this just helps us get notice and
         | leads to the other things we can build on top of this data in
         | combination with other data. I'd be happy to chat more about
         | this if you were ever interested.
         | 
         | Side note - I'm a long, long time OSM fan and contributor.
         | Thanks!
        
       | fiatjaf wrote:
       | This sort of thing must make some cheaper alternatives appear.
        
       | zachmu wrote:
       | We're running a $10,000 bounty to assemble this information into
       | a queryable database:
       | 
       | https://www.dolthub.com/repositories/dolthub/hospital-price-...
       | 
       | You get paid based on the percentage of rows you contribute to
       | the dataset. So if you fill in 20% of the rows, you get $2,000.
       | 
       | More details here:
       | 
       | https://dolthub.awsdev.ld-corp.com/blog/2021-01-14-hopsital-...
        
         | egillie wrote:
         | This is amazing! Will the data be public after it's assembled?
        
       | stevofolife wrote:
       | Can someone explain why US medical costs are so absurd? Why is it
       | the way it is?
        
       | dr_faustus wrote:
       | It's always fascinating to see that even compared to prices you
       | pay as a self-paying patient in Germany (which are already 1.5x -
       | 2x higher than what the "public" insurances, ie. 85% of the
       | population, pay for the same procedures), the prices in the US
       | are about 5x to 10x higher. The standard of care seems to be
       | quite comparable if you look at outcomes, so there must be huge
       | inefficiences in the American system (doctors in Germany are
       | consistently ranked as the highest paid academics, so I guess it
       | cant be doctors' salaries alone).
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | Saying German doctors are "the highest paid academics" isn't
         | really useful information. _How much_ are they paid? Is it
         | comparable to an American physician? German docs can be the
         | highest paid academics in German by a factor of 10, but if
         | American docs make 3x what any German doc makes it 's kind of a
         | moot point.
         | 
         | To do a real analysis you'd need to see a breakdown of where
         | the money goes. What percentage is to a physician's salary,
         | hospital overhead, insurance premiums, etc. for both countries
         | and see where the big disparities are. My guess is,
         | _everything_ is more expensive on the US side, including
         | salaries, and adds up to the big difference in price.
        
         | p00dles wrote:
         | this podcast episode has an excellent breakdown of the
         | healthcare pricing system in the U.S.
         | 
         | https://econtalk.simplecast.com/episodes/keith-smith-on-free...
        
         | Triv888 wrote:
         | There's some kind of monopoly going on too:
         | https://www.cbsnews.com/video/why-it-costs-so-much-more-to-d...
        
         | emteycz wrote:
         | I don't believe any medical professional in Germany has wage
         | exceeding 150k EUR yearly after taxes - doctors in the US
         | sometimes have multiples of that, coincidentally 5x to 10x more
         | is not unusual.
        
           | electriclove wrote:
           | Is this getting downvoted for saying German docs don't make
           | more than 150k EUR or that US docs sometimes make multiples
           | of that?
        
           | dante_dev wrote:
           | Just throwing some data, average general practice doctor is
           | 150k$ in US vs 61k$ in germany.
           | 
           | https://www.payscale.com/research/DE/Job=Physician_%2F_Docto.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Physician_%2F_Docto.
           | ..
        
             | rtx wrote:
             | That's good, doctors should be paid more. 15 years for a
             | license.
        
             | persedes wrote:
             | I believe that doctors in the US get paid more than in
             | germany, but 60k seems very very low. Teachers have an
             | income in that range....
             | 
             | Edit: Looking at some german articles, maybe they did not
             | convert from eur to usd, ~80,000-100,000$ (depending on
             | expertise etc) seems more likely for a dr working at a
             | hospital (which is still low imho compared to US
             | salaries...).
             | 
             | https://www.arzt-wirtschaft.de/wie-hoch-ist-das-gehalt-
             | bzw-d...
        
               | dante_dev wrote:
               | I think the difference in wages narrows down with
               | specializations. I linked just the "general practitioner"
               | because I couldn't find an average including all the
               | specializations.
        
               | the_monocle wrote:
               | You have to keep in mind that med school and the
               | equivalent of premed in germany is completely free. Of
               | course that does not make up for the pay difference
               | completely but it changes the perspective quite a bit
               | imo, since med school in the US is extremely expensive.
               | Additionally I could totally see doctors being ok with
               | less pay for the trade off of living in a more fair
               | system. Coincidentally I know one expat here that
               | specifically does not want to return to the US to become
               | a doctor there for that very reason. She specifically
               | does not want to move back because she feels the
               | healthcare system in the US is unfair and she would be
               | profiting off of that system.
        
               | amagasaki wrote:
               | And furthermore you have to differentiate between
               | "assistance" doctors (~82k $) and "chef" doctors (~336k
               | $). (I don't know the comparable titles in the US system)
               | 
               | Both values are taken from the parent's article and
               | converted using Google. Of course, mostly without serious
               | student debt
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | I don't believe that salary income is the complete picture
             | for physicians in the US. There are still a lot of doctors
             | who are also "insider investors" in clinics, diagnostic
             | equipment, and other medical businesses.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | That's a terrible source, $150k is laughable for the US.
             | Maybe for a part time doctor working 2 or 3 days a week.
             | 
             | This is more accurate:
             | 
             | https://www.medscape.com/slideshow/2020-compensation-
             | overvie...
        
           | u678u wrote:
           | Yeah surgeons make multiples
           | https://www.physiciansweekly.com/2018-physician-
           | compensation.... That doesn't include profits from owning
           | their own biz.
        
           | sithlord wrote:
           | not 100% sure on this, but don't most doctors in other
           | countries go to medical school for free? Whereas US doctors
           | are going into 3-400k+ debt.
        
           | notsureaboutpg wrote:
           | Can confirm. $600k+ is normal in low cost of living areas in
           | the US. Excessive pay for doctors is definitely part of the
           | problem here. People don't like to hear it and don't like to
           | admit it because the work they do is so important and because
           | there are other, bigger costs, and I get that. But difficult
           | situations have difficult answers, and doctor pay is huge in
           | the US in a way it isn't in every other country and doctors
           | themselves know this. It may not fix the problem overnight,
           | but regular people would see instant savings if we fixed this
           | issue.
        
           | Redoubts wrote:
           | I'm sure German doctors don't have oodles of student debt
           | too.
        
             | emteycz wrote:
             | Yeah, that for sure.
        
           | travisp wrote:
           | It's true that US doctors are paid more (although the gap
           | isn't as big as it used to be). However, pay for US doctors
           | makes up a fairly small portion of overall US medical
           | expenditures (less than 10%). So, you could ask every doctor
           | to work for free and not significantly change costs.
        
             | huitzitziltzin wrote:
             | >pay for US doctors makes up a fairly small portion of
             | overall US medical expenditures (less than 10%)
             | 
             | That is likely too low.
             | 
             | The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services provides a
             | National Health Expenditure estimate annually. [1]
             | 
             | Physician and clinical services represented $772 billion
             | out of about $3.8 trillion, so more like 20%.
             | 
             | Hospital services are the other big one: about $1.2
             | trillion.
             | 
             | US physicians are paid terrifically relative to their
             | counterparts almost anywhere else, this is especially true
             | for specialists.
             | 
             | In fact, physicians represent about 15% - 16% of the top 1%
             | of income earners in the US. See table 2 from this paper: h
             | ttps://web.williams.edu/Economics/wp/BakijaColeHeimJobsInco
             | ... which was written using _tax return data_ , not, e.g.,
             | self-reported income data.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-
             | Systems/Sta...
        
             | tfehring wrote:
             | There's a similar (but smaller) differential for other
             | medical professionals too. But more generally, when I've
             | done high-level comparisons of medical spending between the
             | US and Western European countries, it seems like _every
             | single cost element_ is more or less proportionately higher
             | in the US. It seems like basically everyone is spending
             | money in roughly the same proportions, including on things
             | like doctors' salaries - everything is just scaled up by
             | ~40% to ~100% in the US, depending on which country you
             | compare it to.
        
               | aksss wrote:
               | And doing so more frequently in the US, so cost is higher
               | but so is rate of consumption, particularly of services
               | and products that make us feel like we have more mastery
               | over outcomes but in fact do not result in better
               | outcomes on the whole.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | Everything is inflated the whole way in the American system.
         | 
         | Universities overcharge in the US. The medical education costs
         | upwards of $800K if you include the cost of lost opportunity
         | had you gone into a different field and worked those years
         | instead. So doctors need higher salaries. That, combined with
         | idiotic market dynamics around medical supplies, means that all
         | medical costs are higher. That in turn means everyone
         | absolutely needs insurance or risk personal bankruptcy.
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | You can't waste money on the scale of the US system by simply
           | paying doctors too much. Rather, you need to hire entire
           | departments of nonproductive people - eg billing and
           | administration. When you zoom in, most of these positions
           | look like a necessary function, but systematically they don't
           | need to exist. Take for instance a "nurse navigator", whose
           | entire job is to deal with insurance company rigmaroles - as
           | a patient you're extremely thankful to have them, but their
           | position is actually only necessary due to a corresponding
           | insurance company department (that you're also paying for!)
           | trying to deny you care.
           | 
           | The ultimate problem is this planned economy mandate of "full
           | employment". It is in no individual's interest to declare
           | that their own job is counterproductive, otherwise they'll
           | starve. So they hang on performing in their own little niche,
           | sucking resources out of the system so they personally can
           | continue living a dignified life. We're stuck in a paperclip
           | maximizer, and the healthcare industry is one of the best
           | small-scale illustrations of this.
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | I believe a reform of the healthcare system should include
           | paying for medical school. Let's offer a deal: You go to med
           | school for free, then you work for the government for a
           | decent professional salary.
        
             | Sprbdg wrote:
             | You don't need the government to solve this problem, they
             | helped create the problem in the first place. You need to
             | reform your political system to actually make it work.
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | Near as I can tell, reforming the political system and
               | changing government policy are intertwined to the point
               | where they amount to the same thing.
        
             | coredog64 wrote:
             | US medical education length is insane. Get an undergraduate
             | degree (pre-med). Then go to med school. Then a residency.
             | Then you can practice.
             | 
             | Other countries do just fine with much less.
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | Capitalists are expensive.
        
         | dcolkitt wrote:
         | Before coming to any conclusions on this topic, I highly
         | suggest reading this extremely in-depth analysis on cross-
         | country healthcare spending.[1]
         | 
         | The simple answer is that Americans really do consume
         | significantly more healthcare than Europeans. The most
         | straightforward signature of this is the fact that a much
         | higher proportion of Americans work in the healthcare industry
         | than any other large country. The US also tends to consistently
         | lead on the highest utilization of cutting-edge technology
         | (such as ICDs, insulin infusion pumps, linear accelerators, and
         | small bowel transplant) at any given time.
         | 
         | Cost per inpatient discharge is exactly in line with a
         | regression of European countries against average household
         | disposable income. (The US having nearly double the household
         | disposable income as Western Europe.) Rather than being some
         | signature of American dysfunction, globally we observe hospital
         | bills rising super-linearly with income levels. This strongly
         | suggests that hospital costs primarily rise because of higher
         | intensity of care per encounter.
         | 
         | The strongest counterpoint to this is that despite America's
         | high healthcare consumption, that health outcomes are
         | significantly worse than Europe. In particular in terms of life
         | expectancy. But healthcare economists have known for decades
         | that medicine, on the margin, has virtually zero impact on
         | health.[2] The US is an extremely unhealthy country, especially
         | because of obesity. No level of healthcare would ever be able
         | to counteract that.
         | 
         | But again this disjointed relation between medicine and health
         | is not an American-specific phenomenon. The ratio of healthcare
         | spending between Norway and Spain is about the same as between
         | the US and Norway. Yet Spaniards enjoys significantly longer
         | life expectancies than their Norwegian counterparts.
         | 
         | [1]https://randomcriticalanalysis.com/why-conventional-
         | wisdom-o...
         | 
         | [2]https://www.cato-unbound.org/2007/09/10/robin-hanson/cut-
         | med...
        
           | thatfrenchguy wrote:
           | > The strongest counterpoint to this is that despite
           | America's high healthcare consumption, that health outcomes
           | are significantly worse than Europe. In particular in terms
           | of life expectancy.
           | 
           | Just look at the life expectancy of France and Germany to
           | disprove your theories.
           | 
           | The big difference between the American healthcare system and
           | the one in these countries is that people don't have to worry
           | about the bills, which means healthcare providers have a much
           | bigger incentive to learn what cost benefit analysis means.
        
             | whiddershins wrote:
             | Hey there. The comment you are replying to specifically
             | addresses this.
             | 
             | I find reading comment threads containing comments that
             | don't seem to account for the literal assertions made in
             | the previous comment tend to be difficult to follow and
             | quickly degrade.
        
             | wskinner wrote:
             | > The big difference between the American healthcare system
             | and the one in these countries is that people don't have to
             | worry about the bills, which means healthcare providers
             | have a much bigger incentive to learn what cost benefit
             | analysis means.
             | 
             | Can you go into a bit more detail about how exactly this
             | incentive linkage works?
        
             | dcolkitt wrote:
             | I'd really encourage you to read through the first link
             | because it goes into very careful detail. But the point is
             | there's nothing unusual about America's high spending given
             | its very high income levels. In particular look at this
             | chart from the source.[1]
             | 
             | Let's use France as a comparison point since you mentioned
             | it. Household disposable income in the US is about 36%
             | higher than France. That's about equivalent to the wealth
             | gap between France and Slovenia. The US spends about 70%
             | more per hospital stay than France, and very similarly
             | that's almost the exact same spending gap between France
             | and Slovenia.
             | 
             | The point being it's easy to ask "why does the US spend
             | more than Western Europe?" But, analogously you should also
             | ask "why does Western Europe spend more than Southern and
             | Eastern Europe"? And the most clear answer is because
             | wealthier countries tend to spend a higher percent of their
             | income on healthcare.
             | 
             | [1] https://i0.wp.com/randomcriticalanalysis.com/wp-
             | content/uplo...
        
           | huitzitziltzin wrote:
           | > The simple answer is that Americans really do consume
           | significantly more healthcare than Europeans.
           | 
           | I do not believe this is correct.
           | 
           | From the OECD, average length of hospital stay across rich
           | countries:
           | 
           | https://data.oecd.org/healthcare/length-of-hospital-stay.htm
           | 
           | We pay more but we generally consume less. EDIT: let me add
           | this comparison of health prices across countries from the
           | Health Care Cost Institute. See Table 1:
           | 
           | https://healthcostinstitute.org/hcci-
           | research/international-...
           | 
           | Our prices _are_ higher.
           | 
           | The US is an obese country, but you will find if you look
           | that obesity rates are similar or worse in (e.g.) Mexico and
           | some Gulf States (I think the UAE though I don't have a
           | source for you).
           | 
           | We are not a wild outlier in terms of measured unhealthiness.
           | Life expectancies here are lower though, despite vastly
           | higher expenditure than other rich countries.
           | 
           | There are important failures on the supply side of the
           | market:
           | 
           | From the OECD, we have fewer hospital beds per capita than
           | most rich countries:
           | 
           | https://data.oecd.org/healtheqt/hospital-beds.htm
           | 
           | We have fewer doctors per capita than most countries:
           | 
           | https://data.oecd.org/healthres/doctors.htm
           | 
           | Failures of competition throughout the market (including
           | hospital consolidation) keep prices high. We do basically
           | zero evaluation of cost effectiveness.
        
         | Daniel_sk wrote:
         | I think a lot of people are missing one key difference.
         | Healthcare in EU is based on solidarity system where every
         | citizen pays a percentage share of his monthly salary to the
         | medical insurance. So if you earn more, then you will also pay
         | more medical insurance - but you will get the same treatment as
         | others (unless you have some fancy private insurance on top of
         | the regular insurance). So basically any medical expense is
         | subsided by every citizen in the country indirectly.
         | 
         | I believe this is a completely different way of looking at
         | things than in the US. The average EU citizen doesn't really
         | think that the monthly medical deduction from his salary is
         | just for his use or it's his own insurance, it's only a
         | contribution to the whole system.
        
           | ews wrote:
           | This is how progressive taxation works. For some reason, US
           | people happily pay for police, firemen, infrastructure or the
           | military as a necessity of a functioning society but have
           | serious problems considering healthcare in the same group.
        
             | ep103 wrote:
             | County level vs national level
        
               | kazen44 wrote:
               | which in a lot of european countries, doesn't even exist
               | as a differentiator.
        
               | msandford wrote:
               | Right but the biggest country in the EU isn't ~330
               | million people from about a half-dozen fairly distinct
               | cultures. Remember that the US has cultural
               | representation from many European countries and also
               | quite a few non-European countries.
               | 
               | I'm not suggesting that Italy or Greece or Germany are
               | actually homogeneous culturally but with smaller
               | populations and significantly less immigration than the
               | US I suspect that the variances are smaller and perhaps
               | more surmountable.
               | 
               | Germany's population (83 million) is only about 1/4 of
               | the US and as you go down the list the countries only get
               | smaller.
        
             | xyzzyz wrote:
             | Taxation in the US is significantly more progressive than
             | in most (if not all) of Europe. In Europe, bulk of tax
             | revenues come from high tax rates on middle class, while in
             | the US, most of the tax revenue is paid by the wealthy. In
             | concrete terms, Americans in top 1% of income distribution
             | pay nearly 40% of all federal income tax, and top 10% pays
             | 70% of all federal income tax. That's significantly more
             | progressive than all large European countries.
        
             | leetcrew wrote:
             | one could make the argument than the benefits of police,
             | firemen, and military scale somewhat proportionately with
             | wealth. people with meaningful assets have a lot to lose if
             | the police stop protecting their property or the US navy
             | can't guarantee relatively safe trade by sea. their house
             | is probably worth more too. a homeless person probably gets
             | hassled by police much more often than protected by them.
             | socialized healthcare mostly benefits people who don't have
             | and/or can't easily afford good insurance.
        
               | Daniel_sk wrote:
               | That's a very American way of thinking. I am totally fine
               | that I contribute with a bigger part and it's used for
               | people that would not be able to afford it.
        
               | whiddershins wrote:
               | I don't know if you realize this, but when you write it
               | this way it seems that you are implying an 'American way
               | of thinking' is a morally inferior one.
        
             | tyoma wrote:
             | Police and fire are paid for by local or state taxes, with
             | some federal outlays via matching grant programs. Cities
             | and states are free to start their own local and state tax
             | funded programs. The only thing getting in the way is the
             | enormous cost!
             | 
             | Because the US does provide for tax funded healthcare for
             | the old (Medicare) and the pregnant/poor/disabled
             | (Medicaid). The [cost of these
             | programs](https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/the-
             | facts-on-medica...) is greater than US military spending.
        
         | btbuildem wrote:
         | I imagine it's on account of all the administration and
         | intermediaries.
        
           | bhupy wrote:
           | It's not. There's a good breakdown that compares what drives
           | healthcare spending between the US vs Germany (and others).
           | 
           | https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/brief/what-drives-
           | health...
           | 
           | The vast majority of the difference comes from just the raw
           | cost of inpatient and outpatient care. Even if you were to
           | completely zero out the administrative costs per capita,
           | you'd hardly make a dent in bridging the gap.
        
             | arppacket wrote:
             | The "administrative costs" in that analysis are misleading.
             | "Administrative costs include spending on running
             | governmental health programs and overhead from insurers but
             | exclude administrative expenditures from healthcare
             | providers." I don't think the blue bar is representative of
             | the "raw cost" of care.
             | 
             | This study says over one-third of all US healthcare costs
             | are administrative.
             | 
             | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-costs-
             | administrati...
        
             | therealdrag0 wrote:
             | Do they ever try to break down why IO care is more
             | expensive? Cuz that's a very broad and vague bucket.
        
             | giorgosera wrote:
             | > The vast majority of the difference comes from just the
             | raw cost of inpatient and outpatient care.
             | 
             | Question: What do we mean by "inpatient and outpatient
             | care"?
        
               | pkaye wrote:
               | I think outpatient care mean you don't stay in the
               | hospital overnight. So you could have a surgery and leave
               | within an hour in the recovery area and that is
               | outpatient.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | Inpatient care refers to any treatment where the patient
               | is required to be admitted to a hospital or health care
               | facility facility. On the other hand, the OECD defines
               | outpatient care as care that "comprises medical and
               | ancillary services delivered to a patient who is not
               | formally admitted to a facility and does not stay
               | overnight." Thus, studies like this try to break out
               | "inpatient and outpatient care" as an attempt to
               | represent the "real" service in question, while isolating
               | things like administrative costs.
        
               | roganp wrote:
               | Inpatient: services provided by a hospital, after patient
               | is admitted. Outpatient: services provided in other
               | settings
        
             | aaronblohowiak wrote:
             | >raw cost of inpatient and outpatient care
             | 
             | I am interested to understand what makes the "raw" costs so
             | wildly different.
             | 
             | When my son had an infection in germany, we went to the
             | equivalent of pediatric urgent care and after seeing the
             | nurse, having bloodwork done and a few different 15 minute
             | sessions with the physician we came to the end of the visit
             | with the doctor, they apologized that we had to be charged
             | the full uninsured rate and that a bill would be given to
             | us later that we could use to have our insurance (they
             | could not bill our insurance internationally.) We paid the
             | 50 euros and asked what the total amount would be, assuming
             | that was the co-pay. There was a lot of confusion because
             | the 50 euro wasn't the copay -- it was the full-freight
             | amount. Getting a single 15 minutes with a doctor, let
             | alone the prep with the nurses and bloodwork being rushed
             | would be _far_ more than that in USA.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > I am interested to understand what makes the "raw"
               | costs so wildly different.
               | 
               | In the US, hospitals lose a _lot_ of money on patients
               | who don 't pay at all or pay pennies, and in order to not
               | make a loss at the end of the year they charge those who
               | can pay more money.
               | 
               | Also, insurances have an incentive in having hospitals
               | set high "sticker prices" because then they can claim
               | "higher savings" for their members.
               | 
               | Contrast to that, in Germany as long as a patient has any
               | insurance (and 99.9999% of Germans do) the hospitals and
               | doctors will get their services paid (so no need to
               | overcharge for financial reasons), and both the mandatory
               | insurance scheme and the private insurance companies pay
               | fixed, government-regulated fees (https://de.wikipedia.or
               | g/wiki/Einheitlicher_Bewertungsma%C3%... for the
               | government insurance, https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geb%C
               | 3%BChrenordnung_f%C3%BCr_... for the private insurance
               | system).
        
               | maxerickson wrote:
               | Uncompensated care (includes unpaid and forgiven charges)
               | is in the ballpark of 5% of costs, according to hospitals
               | themselves.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | That's what I find so depressingly hilarious about the US
               | vs the rest of the developed world [1]: that even when
               | they super-apologetically hit you with the full, no-mercy
               | price, it's less than what you'd way with (already
               | overpriced) insurance in the US.
               | 
               | [1] Well, also developing, but super-low prices aren't as
               | surprising or embarrassing to the US in that case.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | > I am interested to understand what makes the "raw"
               | costs so wildly different.
               | 
               | There are a number of reasons. One big one is simply that
               | doctors in the US command a much higher salary than their
               | counterparts elsewhere in the world:
               | 
               | https://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/07/15/how-much-
               | do-do...
               | 
               | https://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2017/10/25/doctors-
               | sal...
               | 
               | Another big reason is that the US is unique in that it's
               | one of the only countries in the world where you get your
               | healthcare through your employer. What we're seeing in
               | healthcare costs is analogous to what you might see
               | happen to airline ticket costs if we all got our air
               | tickets through our employers: the vast majority of us
               | would fly business class, while the unemployed would be
               | simply unable to pay for business class fares out of
               | pocket. Employers (especially medium-to-large businesses)
               | have a much higher purchasing power (and hence,
               | willingness to pay) than individuals.
               | 
               | Now, if you take this behavior and combine it with the
               | fact that health insurers' profit margins are capped by
               | law by percentage, insurers pay more for treatments
               | (which doctors happily accept), charge more to employers
               | (who are generally less price conscious vs individuals),
               | thus bring in more absolute revenue, and therefore more
               | profit because a capped profit percentage of a higher
               | revenue is higher than a capped percentage of lower
               | revenue. It's somewhat counter-intuitive, but the policy
               | combination of an employer mandate and insurance profit
               | cap results in the mother of all local optima.
               | 
               | Disclaimer: I work on health pricing in the US and
               | sometimes adjust claims myself.
        
               | whiddershins wrote:
               | If you think about it, you just weren't actually charged
               | for what you used.
               | 
               | If what you did were reflective of the doctor's hourly
               | rate, that doctor would be making around $150,000
               | usd/year.
               | 
               | And that's ignoring the costs of every other aspect of
               | the overhead.
               | 
               | The cost is being born some other way.
        
             | dalbasal wrote:
             | What does "raw" mean, in this circumstance?
             | 
             | Looking at the article, it's pretty hard to understand what
             | what's actually costing more. "Inpatient and outpatient
             | care" is a pretty enormous bucket and probably accounts for
             | a whole lot of salaries, services, and such of pretty much
             | any job title with "medical" in it.
             | 
             | Admin, does in fact represent the largest % difference...
             | but it's not clear what's grouped into it. I assume it
             | means government departments, insurance firms, external
             | legal/finance services. I don't think the data refers to a
             | salary-bysalary breakdown of costs.
             | 
             | Sometimes it's best to look at these things from the ground
             | up. Doctors, nurses. How many? How much are they paid? Is
             | the diff more or less than mean diff? If no, move on, If
             | yes, dig deeper.
             | 
             | You really can't even rely on price data to tell you much.
             | Most of these markets have a broken or absent price system.
             | The underlying answer though, inevitably will likely be
             | "because they're run differently."
        
             | mancerayder wrote:
             | This is useful - as a starting point.
             | 
             | I want to be able to make a case for a single payer system
             | in the U.S., but I think to be effective it's a comparison
             | of costs and outcomes that needs to be had. In the data
             | linked above, we're told that the 'inpatient and outpatient
             | care' is significantly higher than in 'comparable
             | countries.'
             | 
             | I believe it. But isn't 'inpatient and outpatient care'
             | just about .. everything that goes into a health care
             | system aside from the paper pushing and insurance pieces?
             | And are hospitals really breaking that stuff out ?
             | 
             | Someone in favor of the U.S. system would say, ah hah,
             | that's because we in the U.S. have access to better care,
             | and more sophisticated technology, than in France or
             | Germany, and also we don't have long waiting lists. I don't
             | know the technology claim, but I've seen the wait list
             | claim and I do think it's true when comparing the U.S. with
             | Canada or the UK (the latter two have long waits for
             | essential surgeries compared to the U.S.)
             | 
             | How would one counter this claim?
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | You're right that it's a useful starting point, but I
               | think that it's even more complicated than "single payer
               | is better".
               | 
               | First of all, it isn't obvious that single payer is the
               | best system, because there are many countries in the
               | world that have exemplary health care systems that are
               | not "single payer". You cited Germany as an example, but
               | Germany doesn't have a single payer system, it has a
               | public-private mix. It's a universal multi-payer system.
               | Netherlands has a purely private universal healthcare
               | system, Switzerland has a purely private universal
               | healthcare system, Australia has a public-private mix
               | (44% choose private), Singapore has universal
               | catastrophic coverage but everything else is driven by
               | savings accounts and private insurance among the upper-
               | middle class, etc etc -- Belgium, South Korea
               | (technically "single payer" but only covers 60% of costs,
               | private insurance fills in the gaps), Japan, etc.
               | 
               | From where I sit, the most apples-to-apples A/B test of
               | single-public-payer vs private insurance is actually
               | being run in the US, as we speak. When you turn 65, you
               | have the option to enroll either in "Original Medicare",
               | which is what we usually think of when we talk about
               | "single payer healthcare in America", or you can enroll
               | in Medicare Advantage (aka Medicare "Part C"), where the
               | premiums that would go to the CMS instead go to private
               | insurers like Humana, United, Oscar Health, Aetna,
               | Clover, etc. These plans replace Original Medicare, also
               | cover Part D prescription drug benefits, and often
               | include supplemental benefits that Original Medicare
               | doesn't already cover. There are some interesting
               | findings so far:
               | 
               | - 39% of Medicare beneficiaries are on private Medicare
               | Advantage plans instead of the public "Original
               | Medicare". Because everyone is entitled to "Original
               | Medicare", this is purely voluntary. This number has been
               | growing so rapidly, that we expect by 2025, more seniors
               | to be on a private plan than the public one. There's also
               | great variance by State. In Florida, Pennsylvania,
               | Wisconsin, Michigan, Minnesota, Oregon, Alabama, Hawaii,
               | and Connecticut -- nearly 50% of beneficiaries are on
               | Medicare Advantage. By 2022, we expect more seniors in
               | those States to be on a private plan than a public one.
               | https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/a-dozen-facts-
               | about...
               | 
               | - For most beneficiaries, Medicare Advantage costs about
               | 39% less than Original Medicare.
               | https://healthpayerintelligence.com/news/medicare-
               | advantage-...
               | 
               | - Medicare Advantage plans are, on average, of higher
               | quality than the public "Original Medicare"
               | https://healthpayerintelligence.com/news/medicare-
               | advantage-...
               | 
               | - In Urban areas, Medicare Advantage costs less per
               | capita to administer than Medicare -- and that's not
               | including the extra Medicare Part D insurance that you
               | would have to buy if you're on the Original Medicare
               | plan.
               | https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-
               | briefs/2... From this same research, public "Original
               | Medicare" is still cheaper in rural areas, but not by a
               | whole lot.
               | 
               | So to make things more complicated, we're not just
               | talking about whether "Medicare For All" is better than
               | the status quo, we also need to litigate if private-
               | insurance driven "Medicare Advantage For All", is even
               | better.
        
               | nabilhat wrote:
               | Given that inpatient + outpatient = 100% of the category,
               | I have to agree. Lumping the cost of "Medical Care" into
               | a single metric in a breakdown of spending on, well,
               | medical care, doesn't offer much insight. Showing exactly
               | the same data in 4 different graphing methods doesn't add
               | anything but clutter. The lack of effort honestly makes
               | me question this organization's mission.
               | 
               | I think the most useful bit is the reference to the OECD
               | data source. For those not already aware, OECD has far
               | more detailed data available to browse [0], and heaps of
               | more informative and competent presentations [1].
               | 
               | [0] https://stats.oecd.org/
               | 
               | [1] http://www.oecd.org/health/health-expenditure.htm
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | > (the latter two have long waits for essential surgeries
               | compared to the U.S.)
               | 
               | References?
        
               | mancerayder wrote:
               | "Wait times for cancer treatment -- where timeliness can
               | be a matter of life and death -- are also far too
               | lengthy. According to January NHS England data, almost
               | 25% of cancer patients didn't start treatment on time
               | despite an urgent referral by their primary care doctor.
               | That's the worst performance since records began in 2009.
               | 
               | And keep in mind that "on time" for the NHS is already 62
               | days after referral.
               | 
               | Unsurprisingly, British cancer patients fare worse than
               | those in the United States. Only 81% of breast cancer
               | patients in the United Kingdom live at least five years
               | after diagnosis, compared to 89% in the United States.
               | Just 83% of patients in the United Kingdom live five
               | years after a prostate cancer diagnosis, versus 97% here
               | in America."
               | 
               | (https://www.forbes.com/sites/sallypipes/2019/04/01/brita
               | ins-...)
               | 
               | Yes, I know Forbes has a bent. And I'm generally in favor
               | of single-payer options and not defending the U.S.
               | However I have seen the Wait Time stat over the years in
               | the context of cancer patients, and this is one data
               | point. Canada is apparently worse.
        
               | DanBC wrote:
               | > live at least five years after diagnosis,
               | 
               | Five year survival rates don't give you much information,
               | because the US engages in massive over testing. You need
               | to know all cause mortality, and the US does worse here
               | than the UK.
               | 
               | The US over tests people and over treats cancer; that
               | costs a lot of money and isn't pleasant for people but it
               | doesn't make them live longer.
               | 
               | If hypothetical Beth dies age 82 does it matter if she is
               | told she has cancer at age 75 or age 79?
        
               | mancerayder wrote:
               | I'm always willing to learn more - do we have a one-stop-
               | shop apples to apples comparison of U.S. vs. UK and other
               | countries' healthcare models with stats and explanations,
               | one that is free from strong biases ? I struggled to find
               | a non-political, but still meaningful comparison data
               | site online via Google.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | Sprbdg wrote:
             | How can that possibly be true?
             | 
             | How can in/out patient care be so vastly different in cost?
        
               | treeman79 wrote:
               | Middle men. Lots and lots of middlemen.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | That figure cuts out the middle-men by breaking out
               | administrative costs.
        
           | marcinzm wrote:
           | Probably some of it but I suspect the lack of limitations on
           | services rendered plays into it as well. If someone in the US
           | wants to see specialists 50 times in a month due to
           | munchausens then they'll just be charged their co-pay each
           | time (in most insurance plans). In Germany I suspect they'd
           | not be allowed to book appointments anymore or would require
           | a gatekeeping referral. Same with expensive drugs that don't
           | help outcomes but are advertised to patients and doctors.
        
             | moooo99 wrote:
             | Thats not right. You can easily get an appointment in
             | Germany, even multiple times. If you have a referral, you
             | usually get an appointment earlier than people who directly
             | went to the specialist. However, if you have acute pain you
             | will quickly get an appointment on the same or the next
             | day.
             | 
             | Source: Me. just made the second appointment with a
             | specialist within a week thanks to pain, appointment is
             | tomorrow
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | In the US on self-referral plans (60% of health plans)
               | you can get an appointment without any acute symptoms and
               | with no delay versus a referral. I'd say that's a fairly
               | large difference in ease of access without probably any
               | impact on patient outcomes.
        
             | jgeada wrote:
             | > In Germany I suspect they'd not be allowed to book
             | appointments anymore or would require a gatekeeping
             | referral.
             | 
             | This is the kind of comment that immediately classifies the
             | commenter as never having lived outside the US and/or not
             | reading anything but US news sources. And with the wilful
             | blindness to how exactly those gatekeeping referrals are
             | present in most every single healthcare plan in the US.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | >And with the wilful blindness to how exactly those
               | gatekeeping referrals are present in most every single
               | healthcare plan in the US.
               | 
               | This is only required by HMO plans which cover around 40%
               | of the US population. PPO plans don't have such a
               | requirement.
               | 
               | So please don't call other people willfully blind when
               | you yourself make broad factually incorrect statements.
               | Pot please meet kettle.
               | 
               | edit: Also my statements about Germany are based on
               | comments Germans have made on hacker news regarding their
               | own health plans. So you should really go yell at those
               | Germans for not knowing how their own health system
               | works.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | Also lack of shame and, greed.
        
           | bazooka_penguin wrote:
           | Physicians and hospitals have 2 of the most powerful lobbies
           | in the US and have previously gatekept the doctor profession.
        
             | 1024core wrote:
             | AMA (American Medical Association) is known to play games
             | to limit the supply of doctors, so they can keep salaries
             | high.
             | 
             | http://www.econ.yale.edu/seminars/strategy/st03/nicholson-0
             | 3...
        
               | bazooka_penguin wrote:
               | Do you have a different link? The file is missing
        
         | chaboud wrote:
         | Chargemaster prices (the non-negotiated price) are ridiculously
         | high in the US. They're so high that some hospitals will give
         | uninsured patients a break of "half off" without even
         | negotiating.
         | 
         | The reason for this is that chargemaster price is a fake dollar
         | price resulting from a broken incentive structure and process.
         | Here's a setup:
         | 
         | A hospital is working out a negotiated rate for aggregate
         | services with an insurance company. The insurance company wants
         | to pay less, and they're willing to put the hospital "in
         | network" and bring their block of customers with them by doing
         | it. But the negotiators on both sides aren't going to sit and
         | figure out the "right" price of every procedure. That would
         | take forever (and there's dinner at a Michelin starred
         | restaurant to go to after this deal is done), so they agree
         | that they will just pay some percentage of the chargemaster
         | price, say, 50%.
         | 
         | Over time, the hospital administrators say "we need more money
         | for this" and realize they have a lever. 95% of their customers
         | are paying negotiated rates that are a percentage of the
         | chargemaster price. The percentage is locked in stone, but the
         | chargemaster rate? Yeah. They can change that.
         | 
         | The insurance company cries foul at their Michelin two-star
         | dinner the next month, and the hospital agrees to lower the
         | percentage a little in the next contract. Now the insurer is
         | feeling flush, and the hospital is making about what they were
         | doing before from that 95%. The remaining 5% who were uninsured
         | are hanging upside down and getting shaken for loose change.
         | 
         | The cycle continues, and, eventually, the negotiated percentage
         | drops to something comical, like 12%, but the chargemaster
         | rates have soared. In the end, a pair of Advil "costs" $68 and
         | uninsured patients have nosebleeds from being hung upside down
         | for so long.
         | 
         | But there's a new restaurant to try out, and someone else's
         | personal bankruptcy is a small price to pay for no-fuss managed
         | care...
         | 
         | (Note: Marketing and administration accounts for more than a
         | third of health care costs in the US, which is to say that
         | health care bloat and weight due to a multi-player adversarial
         | privatized system accounts for more than 5% of our GDP, so the
         | chargemaster isn't the only reason for sky high healthcare
         | costs in America.)
        
           | JohnCohorn wrote:
           | I wonder how much truth there is in the theory that insurers
           | are incentivized to let costs go way up and may be complicit
           | in it. Basically the theory I've heard is that Obamacare
           | limited by law the percentage margin that insurers can make
           | as their piece of the pie. So then one of the only easy ways
           | left for them to grow their profits in an absolute sense is
           | to increase the amount of money flowing through the system.
        
             | peytn wrote:
             | The other factor is that hospitals have wised up over the
             | years and started merging, which turns them into local
             | monopolies and makes insurance companies price-takers.
        
           | mynameismonkey wrote:
           | I have a go-to piece on chargemasters here
           | https://jaz.co.uk/2015/10/15/hospital-retail-pricing-for-
           | dum...
           | 
           | (Worked on hospital pricing reports since 2001)
        
             | tomca32 wrote:
             | That's a great piece thanks!
        
           | huitzitziltzin wrote:
           | This is not that plausible as an analysis of the role of
           | chargemasters.
           | 
           | I agree that the chargemaster prices are fake, but what you
           | are proposing is:
           | 
           | Hospital: "Our insurance partners pay us a fraction x of
           | Chargemaster charge X, so _let 's make C larger_."
           | 
           | The insurer understands the game being played here, just like
           | you do. It's not like the insurer doesn't _also_ realize just
           | like you do that the chargemaster price is fake.
           | 
           | The insurers are not going to say "Oh C got bigger this year?
           | Well, let's pay more!"
           | 
           | More important are failures of competition in the
           | marketplace, especially consolidation on the hospital side
           | (most markets are now served by large hospital systems, so
           | insurers cannot plausibly threaten to exclude hospitals from
           | networks), the lack of exposure of consumers to most of the
           | price, and the lack of incentives on the consumer side to
           | search for cheaper prices (plus a general lack of any
           | information about which facilities might be cheaper).
        
             | eightysixfour wrote:
             | My understanding is the insurance companies are incented
             | for C to increase as well - under the ACA insurance
             | companies can only have a certain profit margin, so the
             | only way to increase profit is to increase revenue and
             | payouts.
        
               | peytn wrote:
               | From a personal conversation with an insurance company
               | board member, I've been told this isn't a factor as most
               | aren't running anywhere close to that line. The bigger
               | factor in his eyes is healthcare providers building local
               | monopolies. I don't know how true that is, but I wanted
               | to share.
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | Well he was just shoving the issues under the rug.
               | 
               | In fairness, he's not wrong, and neither is parent.
               | Hospitals companies have local monopolies, which they can
               | use to charge ridiculously high prices. On the other
               | hand, insurance companies do get a kickback of sorts when
               | the hospitals bump prices - the negotiators get
               | compensation based on the dollar amount of savings they
               | can bring from negotiation, so effectively, even if the
               | hospital bumps prices high enough and renegotiates the
               | chargemaster rates to a lower one, while still ensuring a
               | profit for the negotiators, they'll go for it. Bloomberg
               | did a nice write up of it a few years back, but it's now
               | behind pay wall.
        
               | peytn wrote:
               | Yeah, that's another good nuance. Ultimately many factors
               | drive hyperinflationary healthcare costs. Everyone's
               | making money.
               | 
               | I think my takeaway from the whole conversation is that
               | the insurance business can be counterintuitive to
               | outsiders. Salvation may not be as simple as getting rid
               | of them.
               | 
               | Another tidbit is that insurance companies don't mind
               | being the bad guys. I'm not sure if our focus on that
               | industry blinds us to effective solutions for controlling
               | costs.
        
         | alisonkisk wrote:
         | Those are "sticker prices", the opening for
         | negotiation/haggling.
        
           | Jackim wrote:
           | Do you think that is a good way to provide healthcare?
        
           | 52-6F-62 wrote:
           | There's a bit of a lopsided leverage situation there...
        
         | zoomablemind wrote:
         | I wonder if the reported prices are the aggregated total price
         | for treatment? Or is it just a price of an individual
         | procedure, excluding whatever else that normally goes into the
         | treatment, like diagnostics, admin and nurse time,
         | room/facilities expense etc?
        
           | mrnickel001 wrote:
           | Generally, every hospital reported price is different. Many
           | of the prices reported are "all in" service packages, but
           | several also wouldn't include these ancillary charges.
           | Forthcoming price transparency legislation puts more pressure
           | on hospitals/insurance cos to quote these "all-in" bundles.
           | On the Turquoise site, we'll be representing all inclusive
           | bundles with a checkmark + explanation that the provider has
           | verified with us the rate is inclusive of all
           | professional/ancillary charges.
        
         | mc10 wrote:
         | I think this is a bit of an oversimplification; there are
         | places where the out-of-pocket price ends up actually cheaper
         | than the negotiated insurance price, which is mind-boggling to
         | me.
        
           | coredog64 wrote:
           | A long time ago, when I was poor and underinsured, I had a
           | medical situation that required imaging. The doctor's office
           | said they had the machines on prem, but they couldn't give me
           | any kind of price break. So he sent me to a specialist.
           | Signing in to the specialist, they told me that the cash up
           | front discount was 75%, and that even a hint of having to
           | deal with insurance companies was going to mean a higher
           | effective out of pocket.
           | 
           | Practically any US medical practice is going to have huge
           | staffing overhead for the people who maintain the accurate
           | billing records and wrangle with insurance companies.
           | 
           | I can directly compare with the French system: Doctor has a
           | receptionist, you pay him cash right there on the spot, and
           | he's very limited in what he can do. E.g. he has to send you
           | to the pharmacy to buy your shots, but he'll administer them.
           | When it's all done, you fill out a crapload of forms, staple
           | all the receipts to the stack, and your employer (via
           | insurance) returns somewhere between 60-80% of it.
           | 
           | I have long maintained that moderate reimbursement for
           | outpatient care would be a huge improvement for the US. At
           | the same time, there's a fairly large entrenched interest
           | that wouldn't like this at all.
        
       | fireeyed wrote:
       | This is made possible thanks to the current administration's CMS
       | price transparency rule which went into effect Jan 1,2021
       | http://www.cms.gov/hospital-price-transparency
       | 
       | Edit: By "current" I mean the Trump administration.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | Out of curiosity, how much will this reduce the cost of health
         | care? The idea, as it's been explained to me, is that
         | visibility into the cost of medical care will result in
         | downward price pressure. How much?
        
           | noelsusman wrote:
           | It's complicated so nobody really knows. I've seen a few
           | studies that have showed real but modest effects (2-5%
           | decrease). The benefits tend to be concentrated because most
           | healthcare spending is on patients who don't have an
           | incentive to be price sensitive.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | Transparent pricing enabling the comparison of pricing
           | between different sellers is only one piece of a functioning
           | marketplace. You also need multiple informed sellers and
           | multiple informed buyers.
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | So it's a step towards a complete policy. What is the
             | complete policy? Granted we might not see it enacted now,
             | but it would at least clarify where the administration was
             | headed.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Increasing supply of doctors by increasing residency
               | funding, decreasing education costs, and decreasing the
               | sacrifice that needs to be made to become a registered
               | doctor.
               | 
               | I have no idea why doctors need to sacrifice their entire
               | 22 to 30 year old lives constantly slaving away, working
               | on call, sometimes 24 hours at a time.
               | 
               | Relax some of the draconian, outdated hazing rules.
               | Attract more smart people, make it so young people can
               | have lives and become doctors.
               | 
               | That might address the cost of labor. The cost of
               | medicine on the other hand is simple, the government
               | should be funding research into medicines and then
               | offering it for sale at basically the cost of production.
               | Only other way is to reform patents and whatnot, but it
               | seems easier to just do the research with the top tier
               | research facilities the US already has via the higher
               | education system.
               | 
               | There's probably some other issues such as tort reform
               | and medical equipment costs that need to be address too.
               | But I think all prices can be brought down by increasing
               | supply.
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | Indeed, bringing down the cost of med school might also
               | have the effect of attracting people with a working class
               | background, who see it as a form of labor, not as a
               | return on an investment.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what the impact of tort reform would be.
               | It's possible to look up how much is paid in premiums,
               | but we don't know who owns the malpractice insurance
               | industry, and I've read that it's doctors.
        
               | coredog64 wrote:
               | There's two costs to the US legal environment: Insurance
               | premiums and defensive medicine. It's in the doctor's
               | interest to run every test because it's free to him, but
               | failure to do so raises his risks. So you wind up
               | spending money non-productively and you have a non-zero
               | rate of false positives, unnecessary treatment, etc.
        
               | knubie wrote:
               | The current tax code incentivizes insurance as
               | compensation, which drastically distorts the market. The
               | ACA made things even worse by introducing the individual
               | mandate.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The ACA made things better than they were by eliminating
               | maximum benefit amounts, implementing out of pocket
               | maximums, implement maximum age rating factors, and
               | removing all pre existing condition clauses guaranteeing
               | access to healthcare. The individual mandate ensured that
               | all of these increases in access to healthcare could be
               | paid for by forcing young and healthy people to pay
               | premiums. Without the individual mandate, premiums would
               | have had to be even higher, causing even more people to
               | not buy insurance, etc.
               | 
               | That the tax code was not updated to remove the tax
               | benefit for employers, or give it to individuals is a
               | shortcoming (and has long been a handout to big
               | businesses prior to ACA). What really needed to happen
               | was forcing everyone into healthcare.gov onto a single
               | marketplace so healthy lives wouldn't be locked up in
               | employer sponsored risk pools. Then the costs would truly
               | be shared across the whole population, and sufficient
               | healthy lives would exist to enable multiple insurance
               | companies to compete.
               | 
               | Or we could have gone with taxpayer funded healthcare and
               | made it all simpler. But that obviously wasn't in the
               | cards.
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | Indeed when ACA was passed, it was acknowledged that it
               | was intended to reform _access_ to health care, not the
               | _cost_ of health care. It was a compromise that appeased
               | the insurance industry.
        
           | huitzitziltzin wrote:
           | Personal opinion (as a health economist) is that this is a
           | nice policy, but probably not going to do that much.
           | 
           | You as a consumer now have the ability to search, but do you
           | have an incentive to do so? Do the savings come to you?
           | 
           | Some of it, perhaps. But it's likely not that much and only
           | under some circumstances.
           | 
           | E.g., if you are just faced w/ a copay on a visit, your copay
           | is going to be the same at two facilities.
           | 
           | Coinsurance is different - there you may realize some
           | savings. IF you are below your deductible for the year that
           | is also different. You may realize savings and care.
           | 
           | But there are a decent number of patients who for most of
           | their visits will not see much incentive to search.
           | 
           | Also... it is possible for these releases to help hospitals
           | coordinate on prices in a way which they currently do not. (
           | _Tacit_ collusion, not explicit, back-room, definitely-
           | illegal collusion.)
           | 
           | Hospital A now knows exactly what Hospital B gets from Aetna,
           | so Hospital A may realize it can hold out for more w/ Aetna
           | b/c Aetna is willing to pay their competitor more for the
           | same procedure.
           | 
           | Both of these questions are _above all_ empirical questions
           | and one to which we do not yet know the answer. I would be
           | wary of confident predictions.
        
           | 11thEarlOfMar wrote:
           | For example, an appendectomy (MSDRG 343) in my area will cost
           | $56,000. With my insurance plan, that will max out my $8,000
           | deductible, + another $8,000 co-insurance to hit my out of
           | pocket maximum of $16,000. That's what I'd pay, $16,000.
           | 
           | Or, I can go to Tennessee and get the appendectomy (MSDRG
           | 343) for $4,700 and pay that directly.
           | 
           | Many people will make that choice Kaiser gets less business
           | putting downward pressure on their pricing. And the folks in
           | Tennessee might see they can raise their prices so that it
           | starts to equalize to some point.
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | How many appendectomies are elective? I was immobilized by
             | pain and possibly close to death when I had mine. The
             | economic impact depends on actually realizing the cost
             | savings, which could be compounded by a variety of factors.
        
               | 11thEarlOfMar wrote:
               | True, appendectomy was not a good choice. Perhaps hip
               | replacement would have been better.
        
         | apiimporter wrote:
         | And by "current" administration you mean the Trump
         | administration because people here don't like to give credit
         | where credit is due.
        
           | lostcolony wrote:
           | I mean, we can discuss how much credit and where it's due,
           | but I'm pretty sure "current administration", on a given
           | date, makes it kinda apparent?
        
             | ogre_codes wrote:
             | I think the idea is that the poster wants people aware that
             | at least once in his administration Trump has done
             | something remotely correct.
             | 
             | Of course the fact that he did this after spending 3 years
             | trying his damndest to gut our already mediocre public
             | healthcare system makes it a bit of a eye roller, but you
             | know, even a broken clock is right and all that.
        
               | 11thEarlOfMar wrote:
               | For completeness, a couple of other health related
               | actions by the current administration:
               | 
               | - 'Most Favored Nation' drug pricing. Also as of 1/1, big
               | pharma has to charge US payers the same price as the
               | lowest price they charge to other countries. One example
               | cited is insulin. Apparently, the price of Insulin from
               | the same pharma is 10% the price in Canada as it is in
               | the US. Now that this law is enacted, that pharma has to
               | charge the same in the US as they charge in Canada.
               | 
               | - 'Right to Try'. Greatly reduces restrictions on
               | terminally ill patients' access to experimental
               | treatments.
               | 
               | - Removed the mandate on the affordable care act. People
               | who do not have any health insurance were liable to pay a
               | fine. That fine was removed.
               | 
               | - eHealth across state lines. Doctors were not permitted
               | to see patients via video calls across state lines.
               | During the pandemic, that restriction was removed.
        
               | aksss wrote:
               | We should not ignore the attempt to relax restrictions on
               | Association Health Plans in 2019, which would have made
               | it easier for small businesses to band together to
               | negotiate insurance terms using combined group numbers on
               | par with that of larger corporations. This was struck
               | down by a federal court[0], but would have moderately
               | improved one of the biggest barriers to small business
               | ownership/employment - unobtanium health insurance. This
               | was a huge loss of something almost great.
               | 
               | [0]https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/hr-
               | topics/benefits/pa...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The better, and simpler option is to remove employers
               | from the equation entirely. Either go with taxpayer
               | funded healthcare, or force everyone to buy from
               | healthcare.gov where they can choose whichever insurance
               | company they want.
        
           | dubcanada wrote:
           | Everyone knows who the current administration is, assigning a
           | name of a bobble head to it doesn't mean anything.
           | 
           | The bill [1] was introduced by Mike Braun and others. None of
           | which have anything to do with Trump or his "administration",
           | these are voted governs who did this all on their own.
           | 
           | 1 - https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-
           | bill/410...
        
       | smueller1234 wrote:
       | Suggestion: I hope I didn't completely miss something, but the
       | site seems to put average prices for procedures all over the
       | place when the median price would actually be much more
       | informative to somebody searching for a provider. Looking at a
       | few procedures, the prices seem to have significant outliers,
       | which exacerbates this.
        
         | ageitgey wrote:
         | Thanks, we're working on figuring out the best way to represent
         | those and maybe making them more location-specific. Even with
         | median prices, it doesn't always make sense to show a country-
         | wide median since there is a huge difference in price ranges
         | between markets. A super high price in Nashville might be a
         | super low price in Los Angeles, for example.
        
       | curiousllama wrote:
       | Great solution. I hope this will make asking about costs at the
       | hospital more normal!
       | 
       | I once went to a doctor for vaccinations before traveling. The
       | nurse said "You need X, I recommend Y, and the CDC recommends Z."
       | I responded "great, let's get X right now. Not sure about Y or Z
       | - how much do they cost?"
       | 
       | The question just didn't compute. No matter how I phrased it
       | ("just want to price compare" ... "there's a bunch of travel
       | clinics and I'm trying to get this cheaply" etc), I couldn't make
       | myself understood.
       | 
       | The NP ended up coming in to give me their "anti-vax" spiel. I
       | had walked in to a hospital wanting a vaccine, and asking about
       | costs was so foreign to them that they thought the only reason I
       | could hesitate to get a vaccine was anti-vax sentiment.
       | 
       | All this to say - this tool is very much needed, and has the
       | potential to do a lot of good!
        
       | rohanagarwal94 wrote:
       | Hope this was available for India
        
       | KingMachiavelli wrote:
       | It would be nice to be able to see the lowest & highest prices &
       | other stats. I can manually find the lowest price by sorting by
       | price but I can't seem to reverse it to show the highest price
       | first...
       | 
       | Anyway, it seems that there are orders of magnitude differences
       | for the same service.
       | 
       | The service 'MRI Lumbar Spine With & Without Contrast Material'
       | has a lowest price of $210 while the closest and highest I
       | personally could find was ~$4109.
       | 
       | How can there be such a large difference in price for something
       | that, I believe, is legally & medically the same procedure?
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | >How can there be such a large difference in price for
         | something that, I believe, is legally & medically the same
         | procedure?
         | 
         | If no one publishes their prices how do you set yours? 2
         | dollars? 2000 dollars? 2m dollars?
        
           | spaetzleesser wrote:
           | I am pretty sure the providers and insurers know exactly what
           | everyone is charging. It's the patients that are being kept
           | in the dark.
        
             | sib wrote:
             | When I needed a similar non-emergency procedure (cervical,
             | rather than lumbar, MRI), my neurosurgeon, at a large,
             | university-affiliated hospital, referred me to the in-house
             | radiology department.
             | 
             | Within a day or two, I received a phone call from some
             | department at my health insurance provider telling me "Hey,
             | we see that you are going to get an MRI; did you know that
             | you can get the exact same procedure at providers A, B, and
             | C, for a lot lower cost?" They did this even though the
             | hospital's radiology department was in-network.
             | 
             | In this case, the cost difference was similar to what's
             | noted here - about $4,000 vs $450. Since the insurance
             | company was paying most of it, aside from my copay / share
             | of cost, they were motivated to provide me a little
             | transparency.
             | 
             | To be honest, as a patient, I would have preferred to get
             | the MRI at the hospital; their facility was nicer, cleaner,
             | more modern, and there was better data integration for
             | getting the results to my neurosurgeon and keeping them as
             | part of my holistic medical record. Nonetheless, I went to
             | the cheaper provider.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | LatteLazy wrote:
             | Like any opaque market, bigger players will have more info,
             | but I doubt anyone will share information as its collusion
             | (maybe illegal) and also advantages either your negotiating
             | opponent or your competitors...
        
               | mrnickel001 wrote:
               | Exactly. Small payers are actually pretty hungry for this
               | data. Generally, big payers are more privy to market
               | rates (by paying for datasets, owning clearinghouses,
               | etc).
        
           | eldavido wrote:
           | I realized over the past few years that there is no "natural"
           | price for anything. It's 100% set by competition.
           | 
           | Economic research confirms this. Mergers result in higher
           | prices due to less competition.
           | 
           | What we need is way, way, WAY more competition in healthcare.
           | 10x as many providers, 10x as many clinics, with prices
           | posted on the wall. When they start losing business, they'll
           | notice.
        
             | LatteLazy wrote:
             | I think you're right. The issue with these services is that
             | they're extremely local. Really, only cities will likely
             | really have much competition. That relies on there being
             | separately owned facilities. And even then there is the
             | issue that 2-3 providers never really compete even if
             | they're not colluding...
             | 
             | I honestly think that free market healthcare is doomed to
             | failure. The information a-symmetry, the size of hospitals
             | compared to populations, localization, the degree of
             | specialization, strategic nature of services, and the
             | social externalities are just too great to ever really have
             | a market. But that's just me on my soap box.
             | 
             | Hopefully transparent pricing will do some good at least. I
             | wonder if requiring insurers to share savings in cash would
             | further encourage people to shop around (eg going to the
             | place 4h away to get a 2k MRI instead of a 4k MRI means you
             | get say half the saving [1k] back from your insurer)...
        
             | electriclove wrote:
             | There will never be 10x as many providers due to the AMA
             | and lobbying. Existing interests don't want to see lower
             | prices and competition.
             | 
             | If this was possible, I'd agree with you. But the reality
             | is that the best we can hope for is single payer.
        
               | eldavido wrote:
               | I was arguing with a doctor friend recently about the
               | AMA. He's on team New York Times, "knows" the Koch
               | brothers are Satan incarnate, "knows" Trump owes Russian
               | oligarchs money, etc.
               | 
               | It just didn't register that the AMA is the sixth-biggest
               | spending organization on DC lobbying [1], right behind
               | Blue Cross Blue Shield (an insurer) and the American
               | Hospital Association.
               | 
               | People worry about the NRA and all kinds of other stuff.
               | They should really get mad about how outrageously the
               | medical industry lobbies (as do the realtors), and how
               | much they've managed to extract from ordinary Americans.
               | It's an utter coup of PR that people aren't rioting in
               | the streets about this. Everything about the medical
               | industry -- licensing, high physician salaries, etc. is
               | rigged to be good for insiders.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-
               | spenders
        
           | mrnickel001 wrote:
           | Yeah, actually I can attest that a lot of our hospital
           | clients have no idea what the hospital next door is charging
           | / getting paid by insurance. So, a lot of price setting is
           | guessing. It's often not cost-based. And often, negotiations
           | will arbitrarily shift high prices over to one service type,
           | eg Blue Cross will say: "Fine, if you want to get paid that
           | much for knee replacements, we get a lower rate for bariatric
           | surgery." So you'll find weird price discrepancies within the
           | same provider.
        
         | nugget wrote:
         | In 2015 I did several months of due diligence in this market -
         | price comparison for diagnostic imaging - before concluding
         | that it wasn't feasible to build the product we wanted to
         | build. This new law provides the data that we were unable to
         | access (at scale) on our own.
         | 
         | From the data we did get our hands on, I remember seeing price
         | differences like $200 vs $4k for the exact same procedure. The
         | low cost provider was usually a private practice radiologist in
         | a small shopping mall type retail location who ran a very
         | efficient, low overhead practice. They were terrible at
         | marketing and ran discounts for volume from certain channels.
         | They were only open Monday to Friday from 8am to 4pm, read
         | times could often (but not always) be slow, they handled the
         | least complex cases and no emergencies. Cash pay up front from
         | patients resulting in no/minimal collections. The high cost
         | provider was usually a large University affiliated medical
         | center who ran a less efficient, high overhead radiology
         | department but who also, in their defense, had to handle more
         | complex cases as well as be open 24/7 to service one or
         | multiple emergency departments with faster read times. Lots of
         | fighting with insurance companies for eventual reimbursement.
         | Lots of bad debt that went to collections and had to be written
         | down.
         | 
         | If you pay University prices for a simple MRI you are
         | effectively subsidizing the ED admit who needs a complex
         | imaging procedure in the middle of the night. If consumers
         | start to shop for MRIs the way they shop for airline tickets -
         | which they probably should - one downstream effect will be to
         | remove billions of dollars of "subsidies" from the most well-
         | resourced radiology departments in the country. If I remember
         | correctly the diagnostic imaging market was something like $150
         | billion/year in 2015, and probably even bigger now, i.e. plenty
         | of potential fat to cut.
        
           | wjossey wrote:
           | For folks who don't believe in universal medical coverage,
           | this is part of the reason why it's so inefficient for it not
           | to exist.
           | 
           | The uninsured person going to the hospital at 1AM that
           | requires an MRI because slipped a disc in their back still
           | ends up getting that MRI. When they fail to pay that bill,
           | which would be 5%-10% of their annual earnings, we all still
           | pay for it. We just decided to layer in debt collection,
           | anxiety, and depression onto the patient in lieu of cash.
           | 
           | As someone who still considers themselves a fiscal
           | conservative, and also believes we need true universal
           | coverage for all Americans, this seems like a no brainer to
           | me at this point (and I say that as someone who would have
           | not supported this in the 00s but has evolved significantly
           | on this issue).
        
             | rtx wrote:
             | Why add additional steps, government should open hospitals
             | and provide healthcare directly.
        
               | sib wrote:
               | Why? (Seriously - you seem to be assuming the answer
               | here.)
               | 
               | Would the same statement be true for food and shelter
               | (also necessary for life)? Should the government be the
               | provider for all food and shelter in order to avoid
               | additional steps?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Because a person is capable of determining good produce
               | from bad produce and make informed decisions when
               | purchasing groceries.
               | 
               | The same is not true for healthcare. Even when purchasing
               | shelter, people are not sufficiently informed to be able
               | to make a good decision, hence the existence of
               | electrical, plumbing, and structural codes and
               | inspections.
               | 
               | With healthcare, people are extremely uninformed. The
               | costs are extremely high. The government doesn't
               | necessarily need to vet the doctors' diagnoses and
               | prescribed remedies, but they could. So could insurance
               | companies, which is what currently happens in the US.
        
               | aksss wrote:
               | This is a bit chicken-and-egg. People are uninformed
               | about cost and quality of healthcare because the third-
               | party payer system obscures detail (often intentionally).
               | 
               | Spend some time uninsured and you become a very
               | discerning consumer.
               | 
               | Further, for every service that requires healthcare
               | advocacy (often provided by family members, btw, not
               | professionals even in existing system) there are probably
               | >five that are commodity services (labs, prescriptions,
               | diagnosis, imaging, etc.)
        
             | nugget wrote:
             | My takeaway from all that research was the same. Almost
             | everyone benefits from universal coverage but the system
             | has to incentivize patients to shop around for the optimal
             | balance of price, quality, and convenience. This can be
             | accomplished with an annual deductible of a few thousand
             | dollars perhaps capped at a % of income. Without this
             | incentive, costs skyrocket. Price transparency is a pre-
             | requisite without which consumers can't easily shop around,
             | so this law is a giant leap forward in the right direction.
             | 
             | That is the #1 most effective thing that Americans can do
             | to reduce health care costs. #2 would be to change the
             | standard American diet and eat healthier to reduce rates of
             | obesity and diabetes. Almost every other proposed
             | structural change or intervention we looked at was minimal
             | by comparison.
        
               | smachiz wrote:
               | Do you have any studies or sources to back this up?
               | 
               | As I understand it, in most EU markets there's no price
               | component, nor much of a choice component and costs
               | haven't skyrocketed.
        
               | coredog64 wrote:
               | I lived under the French system for years, and it's
               | entirely untrue that there is no cost or choice
               | component. You pick the doctors and you pay them fully
               | out of pocket. Your insurance company reimburses you at
               | ~80% of reasonable and customary rates. If you wind up
               | going for inpatient care it's different, as is the
               | situation for those in extreme poverty. Also, you can pay
               | extra for 100% coverage if you want, but ISTR it was
               | expensive and not really worth it for us.
               | 
               | Now, when I left, the doctors and insurance companies
               | were setting up an analog of the US system: If you saw
               | certain doctors, they would not charge you at point of
               | delivery and there was no co-insurance requirement. It
               | was still new and inconvenient, so I don't know how
               | that's worked out.
               | 
               | I don't have direct experience with the Swiss system, but
               | from everything I've read, conversations, etc., it's a
               | slightly cheaper version of the US system. You buy
               | leveled insurance, you have to pay some out of pocket,
               | etc.
        
               | vinay427 wrote:
               | > I don't have direct experience with the Swiss system,
               | but from everything I've read, conversations, etc., it's
               | a slightly cheaper version of the US system. You buy
               | leveled insurance, you have to pay some out of pocket,
               | etc.
               | 
               | I moved from the US to Switzerland so maybe I can offer
               | some anecdotes here. You're basically right in that it's
               | a slightly cheaper version of the US system. However,
               | some things that I didn't have to pay for in the US such
               | as calling am ambulance without riding in it or seasonal
               | flu shots do cost money here ($500+ for an ambulance to
               | show up in the middle of a large city...), but I think
               | these small lapses are overshadowed by expensive
               | inpatient treatment being essentially completely covered
               | minus some reasonable deductibles as well as outpatient
               | treatment that is usually partially covered depending on
               | the insurance plan.
               | 
               | The positives compared to the US largely revolve around
               | necessary and typically expensive treatment being far
               | more likely to be covered under insurance with relatively
               | low copays and deductibles. The downsides in common with
               | the US are the administrative hassles of dealing with an
               | insurance company and its own billing middlemen (e.g. a
               | COVID test was improperly billed to me which needed to be
               | sorted out), the large monthly premiums for most people
               | (~$250 is typical except for those who qualify for
               | subsidies), and the lack of clarity over what and how
               | much of anything is covered even when the billing is done
               | correctly.
               | 
               | Do I call an ambulance? Do I go in to see a doctor? Will
               | I end up with a massive charge? I'd prefer a single-payer
               | or completely comprehensive system for this last point
               | alone.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | _Almost everyone benefits from universal coverage but the
               | system has to incentivize patients to shop around for the
               | optimal balance of price, quality, and convenience._
               | 
               | Universal coverage does not need to incentivise shopping
               | around in a single payer system. Also, the majority of
               | patients are not capable of evaluating quality of
               | healthcare, nor should they be.
        
               | aksss wrote:
               | Any system should incentivize shopping around unless it
               | wants inflated cost. That or discourage frequent
               | engagement (the US consumes comparatively massive amounts
               | of healthcare product and service with inefficient
               | outcomes). Our present system is _designed_ to prevent
               | price comparison and shopping around via price opacity,
               | network lock-in, state-level artificial supply barriers,
               | etc.
               | 
               | Universal coverage on par with Europe would mean we all
               | start consuming less individually (which isn't a big deal
               | to outcomes but not part of our culture), or we need to
               | have a far more competitive environment for suppliers.
               | Either would be better than what we have today, whether
               | insurance is public, private, or a mix of both.
        
               | zaphod12 wrote:
               | There was an attempt at this with prescription drugs.
               | Encourage patients to take generics by forcing a larger
               | amount of cost onto the patients in the form of higher
               | copays.
               | 
               | Pharma companies realized and started giving copay
               | vouchers (still charge insurance more, but short circuit
               | the patient incentive). When that loophole got tighter
               | they formed charitable foundations to give the vouchers
               | instead.
               | 
               | I'm not disagreeing with your points, per se. It's just
               | amazing what entrenched interests can manage.
        
             | eldavido wrote:
             | Also a fiscal conservative, I completely agree single-payer
             | would be much better than what we have now.
             | 
             | What I think would be best though, is to eliminate
             | medicare/medicaid, hand people cash, and get out of the
             | way.
             | 
             | The high-order problem with medicine isn't coverage or
             | insurance. It's price. There are only two ways to get price
             | under control: meaningful competition, or government price
             | controls (e.g. single payer). Single payer would end up
             | like public schools: one choice for everyone, probably OK
             | quality, but not great.
             | 
             | I think we could do so much more here if we just created a
             | cash market and handed people money. It's what Singapore
             | does. It would let doctors compete on -- even discover --
             | what actually matters to consumers -- wait times, when
             | procedures take place, even how comfortable the office is.
             | I would much rather have a market with choice and variety
             | than one that straitjackets everyone into a one-size-fits-
             | all system that might work for some but probably won't for
             | others.
             | 
             | I know people are going to worry about rare (expensive)
             | conditions not being covered, and this is indeed a problem.
             | I don't have an answer to this. One good thing about
             | competition though, is that it drives innovation. Provider
             | prices will absolutely be set based on what they know
             | people can pay. If people can't pay as much, the only thing
             | for them to do is drop prices.
             | 
             | It's funny. In a community where people are so focused on
             | innovation, and startups, and choice, I see a lot of
             | support for a national single-payer scheme. I would much
             | rather take the collective energies of this community and
             | apply them to innovation in this market, with meaningful
             | choice and competition. Medicine needs more of a startup
             | mindset. And for those roasting me about how it's
             | different/dangerous/risky: what we have today is KILLING
             | us, economically.
        
               | jimmaswell wrote:
               | Patients would still decide where to be treated based on
               | those factors, the only difference is the insurance is
               | standardized. Nobody in countries with socialized health
               | insurance seems to complain about lack of choices or any
               | of that, and rich people in those places can still get
               | private insurance to get their nose job done right away
               | from a private practice. For everyone else I get the
               | impression it works just fine.
        
               | eldavido wrote:
               | I'm less convinced. The NHS, Britain's version of this,
               | is constantly underfunded, and has long wait times for a
               | variety of procedures. The Economist writes about this
               | frequently.
               | 
               | https://www.economist.com/britain/2018/06/28/the-three-
               | myths...
        
               | jimbob45 wrote:
               | You're advocating for the same system that ruined
               | colleges: guaranteed loans.
               | 
               | Also coverage is also a huge deal in the US, although it
               | may not be a problem for you specifically. Obamacare
               | covered millions who otherwise might have stayed home
               | instead of seeing the doctor.
               | 
               | The problem with US health is scoping. Insurance
               | companies are effectively "certifying" which hospitals
               | and doctors you can see instead of actual certification
               | bodies.
        
               | aksss wrote:
               | > Obamacare covered millions
               | 
               | I was one of the people who lost insurance starting a new
               | business - too rich to get subsidized (cutoff was/is
               | >~50k/yr), too poor to pay the equivalent of a second
               | mortgage for individual insurance because of runaway
               | premiums on individual market post-ACA. And penalized a
               | few grand for it come tax season until the mandate was
               | effectively rolled back. Was more than supportive of that
               | rollback.
               | 
               | It's a risk management game for new business owners, and
               | a big incentive for people to keep working for the man.
        
               | eldavido wrote:
               | I never said anything about loans.
               | 
               | What I'm suggesting is food stamps. Everybody can pay
               | cash. If you can't, you get government assistance in the
               | form of a cash-like subsidy that can be spent anywhere
               | food is sold.
               | 
               | It's a fast, efficient way of ensuring universality of
               | care while benefiting from the market discipline you get
               | from having a (mostly) competitive, cash market. Not to
               | mention, there is no insane "food insurance" bureaucracy.
               | You swipe the card at the checkout line and you're good.
        
               | jfk13 wrote:
               | > I know people are going to worry about rare (expensive)
               | conditions not being covered, and this is indeed a
               | problem. I don't have an answer to this. One good thing
               | about competition though, is that it drives innovation.
               | Provider prices will absolutely be set based on what they
               | know people can pay. If people can't pay as much, the
               | only thing for them to do is drop prices.
               | 
               | I don't think so. If providers can't expect to be paid
               | adequately (in relation to their capital investment,
               | research costs, operating costs, etc) for dealing with
               | "rare (and expensive) conditions", because people don't
               | have insurance (whether private, medicare, or whatever),
               | just a modest amount of cash in any given patient's
               | pocket, do you really think they'll want to stay in that
               | market?
        
               | ska wrote:
               | aside: Singapore is a weird case and probably not a good
               | comparitor for most healthcare systems.
               | 
               | > If people can't pay as much, the only thing for them to
               | do is drop prices.
               | 
               | Or not offer the product at all. One problem with this
               | entire area is that "healthcare" is really not one
               | service/product area, and it is probably a mistake to
               | treat it as such.
               | 
               | To be transparent, I don't share your optimism about
               | market solutions to problems like this in general (more
               | about their implementation in practice than theoretical
               | benefits) but I can see how it might help with parts of
               | the routine healthcare. However, when you are talking
               | emergency and major treatments, it's well into the range
               | where direct consumer driven decisions are more likely
               | going to mess up the incentives badly.
               | 
               | If you are lucky enough to have the time (often not
               | true), most people can become reasonably expert in their
               | own disease state and treatment options. But that is a
               | tiny slice of what is going on in a hospital system for
               | example, and it's completely unreasonable to expect
               | people to become informed enough to make good decisions
               | there. If we want to benefit from market forces here,
               | it's probably much more effective to have large (or
               | single) payers who understand what the standard of care
               | should be, and can encourage price competition from
               | providers.
               | 
               | It's worth noting that in theory this is what the
               | insurance industry does in the US, though, but is an
               | expensive mess. Another confounding factor is that many
               | obvious price discovery mechanisms will be completely
               | unacceptable to most people.
               | 
               | Honestly, it's a mostly faith-based argument that a cash-
               | based market approach can find a better global solution
               | than universal health care, at least in a relevant amount
               | of time. It's really hard for me to see why the country
               | should take that risk when there are well understood and
               | well modelled approaches (albeit imperfect) that should
               | be able to reduce costs by at least 1/2, probably more.
               | 
               | Why not start there?
        
               | eldavido wrote:
               | The main thing I take on faith is that people are
               | different and one-size fits all solutions don't produce
               | good outcomes. We have different car brands, grocery
               | stores, non-health insurance companies, package delivery
               | companies, retailers, and housing options. Some people
               | want fast and cheap. Others want to drive an hour to save
               | a few bucks.
               | 
               | This isn't some technical academic point. Without a range
               | of choices, you actually _can 't know_ what people truly
               | want. So things don't get better. People can't signal
               | what's _truly_ important by voting with their wallet.
               | 
               | > If we want to benefit from market forces here, it's
               | probably much more effective to have large (or single)
               | payers who understand what the standard of care should
               | be, and can encourage price competition from providers.
               | 
               | I don't get this at all. There are so many markets where
               | complex, highly-paid specialists do work customers might
               | not understand: estate/trust lawyers, auto repair, even
               | dental care. We don't have nearly the same problems as in
               | medicine due to this culture of treating doctors like
               | God. They aren't. They're just a person doing a service,
               | just like a chef or a guy painting a house.
               | 
               | What actually bothers me most about this whole thing is
               | that nobody is willing to get serious about the tradeoffs
               | their system entails. Health care in the US is _failing_
               | right now. Companies are trying to stay beneath ACA
               | limits because health insurance would crush them. My
               | premiums are $380 /month as a healthy, 36-year old
               | nonsmoker with no rare conditions. That is INSANE.
               | There's ever-more incentive to keep people off of W2
               | employment because premiums have gotten so out of
               | control. If you take the current system, where
               | bankruptcies are the norm, this monster is devouring
               | almost 20% of our GDP, and every time I go to the doctor
               | it's a major hassle, I'll come out and say that yes,
               | maybe I'd prefer to fix that even if someone can't get a
               | $150,000 drug anymore.
               | 
               | >aside: Singapore is a weird case and probably not a good
               | comparitor for most healthcare systems.
               | 
               | Umm...why not? You can't just hand-wave that away.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | > Umm...why not? You can't just hand-wave that away.
               | 
               | Sorry, I should have elaborated. It's a city state with
               | unusually high levels of both social compliance and
               | government control, population is fairly wealthy and
               | fairly evenly distributed. So - small population is a
               | very small area simplifies logistics a ton. Especially
               | ignoring problems related to migrant workers (it's own
               | set of problems), most people have both high social
               | support and some financial depth, there is also little to
               | no housing insecurity.
               | 
               | It's basically unclear if you can successfully scale the
               | Singapore model, nobody has tried. As against, e.g. , the
               | several universal models that are outperforming the US
               | currently, with more comparable populations etc.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | > I don't get this at all.
               | 
               | I think this is why I suggested looking it as two
               | markets. Your examples (estate lawyers, auto repair,
               | dental care) look a bit like a visit to your GP's office.
               | None of it looks much like some of the other things
               | healthcare provides for us (e.g. many major and emergency
               | procedures). And it's not like all of those markets are
               | working particularly well currently (auto /house sales/
               | opticians/ etc. suck)
               | 
               | I don't think anyone would disagree that one-size-fits-
               | all is the right approach, which is why nobody really
               | tries that. What you are essentially saying is that you
               | think is that you will get more flexibility if you open
               | that market further, and that it will be both a better
               | solution for more people, and not a horribly worse for
               | any significant number of them (which is probably not
               | acceptable here).
               | 
               | I'd agree with the first part, but the second requires
               | faith - that in practice the signalling that you are
               | talking about is clear enough (in both directions) and
               | the response time short enough that you arrive at a
               | better solution and in a reasonable amount of time. This
               | is not at all clear. This isn't about treating doctors as
               | "gods" either, they aren't able to make the systemic
               | decisions well either, individually.
               | 
               | > What actually bothers me most about this whole thing is
               | that nobody is willing to get serious about the tradeoffs
               | their system entails.
               | 
               | This I agree with entirely. Two big ones come to mind -
               | we need to have a conversation about appropriate end-of-
               | life care and costs, and we have to be very transparent
               | that our current level of medical capability means that
               | there is an appreciable risk that (to a first
               | approximation) anyone may end up with a medical condition
               | that (a) we know how to cure or mitigate and (b) that
               | person will never be able to afford. To me paying for
               | these (or choosing not to) is quite different than making
               | sure you can get antibiotics when you get strep throat.
               | 
               | You point out some symptoms of the problem currently, but
               | I'm a bit curious about why you are resistant to pursue
               | know solutions that look more like, say France (or
               | Canada, etc.) , than Singapore. Is it just ideological?
               | I'd rather take some known improvements and then iterate
               | to improve rather than NIH syndrome.
        
           | kfarr wrote:
           | Response time / availability is not something I considered in
           | medical service pricing before but wow it makes a lot of
           | sense.
        
         | mrnickel001 wrote:
         | Thanks for the feedback! We'll be improving our filter/sort
         | here in the coming days and we'll take this feedback into our
         | plan.
        
           | ilaksh wrote:
           | My searches so far show insane differences between insurance
           | rates and cash rates. The cash can be 5-10x higher than what
           | the insurance company pays.
           | 
           | It seems like a clear case of systemic fraud to me. Am I
           | missing something?
           | 
           | Also I am not able to find any fundoplication or LINX
           | (43284).
        
         | subhro wrote:
         | > How can there be such a large difference in price for
         | something that, I believe, is legally & medically the same
         | procedure?
         | 
         | I hope this never happens, but let's say you got in a
         | motorcycle accident and need that lumbar MRI to figure out the
         | damage. What are going to do, get back on that wrecked
         | motorcycle with a fucked up spine and go to that 210$ place?
         | 
         | They do it because they can do it and get away with it.
        
           | eldavido wrote:
           | I see this argument a lot.
           | 
           | The trouble is that emergency care isn't what drives the
           | majority of healthcare spend. What does is actually chronic
           | conditions: dialysis, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, chronic
           | weight conditions.
           | 
           | That's what we need to worry about.
           | 
           | And if there was a real market here, you wouldn't need to
           | shop around because all the people that do, would enforce
           | some level of price discipline on the market.
           | 
           | Think about it. For any good sold at, say, Wal-Mart, say
           | Gatorade, there are some people that want it a LOT, even NEED
           | it, while others are more on the fence. There's only one
           | price on the shelf and it's calculated to get a lot of people
           | buying. So in effect, the people who are more indifferent
           | (want it less) are actually doing a pretty significant
           | service to the people who want it a lot, by guaranteeing the
           | price will be set low _for everyone_.
           | 
           | There's no reason something like this can't apply in
           | healthcare.
        
       | fartcannon wrote:
       | Is there a Walmart for medical procedures? A jiffy-lube?
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | You mean Walmart Health?
         | 
         | https://one.walmart.com/content/usone/en_us/company/walmart-...
         | 
         | :-)
        
         | swebs wrote:
         | Yes, CVS MinuteClinic.
        
         | dakial1 wrote:
         | Come to Brazil. The best Brazilian hospital (Albert Einstein
         | Hospital in Sao Paulo) charges 1.7k USD for a C section (my son
         | was born recently there), while the lowest I've found in that
         | site is 2.6K USD (don't know about the quality) and median
         | seems to be 8K USD. I bet the other procedures have similar
         | price differences.
         | 
         | You can pay for the trip, get the best care (it is a really
         | good, international level, hospital) and still have some loney
         | left.
        
           | pqdbr wrote:
           | And what about an MRI? This website lists rates around 2k
           | USD, while in Brazil you can get one (in high-end modern
           | hospitals in Sao Paulo) for around R$ 600 (== $120).
        
             | xtracto wrote:
             | MRI in Mexico cost ~$200 USD (
             | https://www.chopo.com.mx/zapopan/estudios/resonancia-
             | magneti... ) and is way closer than Brazil.
             | 
             | There are laboratories even at walking distance of the USA
             | haha ( https://www.google.com/search?tbs=lf:1,lf_ui:4&tbm=l
             | cl&q=lab... )
        
               | dakial1 wrote:
               | Might be interesting to check how much "Medical Tourism"
               | happens between US and other countries. This might be an
               | interesting industry to get into. If I remember well
               | there was a health insurance company that was promoting
               | Medical Tourism for their clients
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | Closest thing is Surgery Center of Oklahoma, which does not
         | deal with insurance and has an easily accessible public price
         | list on the web site.
         | 
         | https://surgerycenterok.com/about/
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | This Econtalk interview with the founder is very
           | enlightening:
           | 
           | https://www.econtalk.org/keith-smith-on-free-market-
           | health-c...
        
       | subhro wrote:
       | This seems to be the GoodRx of medical procedures. This is
       | tremendously helpful.
       | 
       | How do you plan to keep the data current?
       | 
       | Also, in the US, is a patient realistically able to say,
       | "Hospital X is able to get my compound fracture surgery done for
       | 65% less. Match it or I walk", especially when insurances have
       | negotiated rates.
       | 
       | Or is this only useful for people with no insurance?
        
         | mrnickel001 wrote:
         | Hey man! This is a great comment. I work with Turquoise. We're
         | actually building some stuff where patients can collectively
         | bargain outside their insurance. But for now, it's most useful
         | to people with insurance that see that one hospital down the
         | road has a lower rate for their given insurance. (EG, the blue
         | cross rate is better the next town over). We're going to make
         | it easier to filter for insurance shortly.
         | 
         | Also, very useful for cash pay.
        
       | dubcanada wrote:
       | How accurate is this? Some of the threads point out extremes
       | between different hospitals, is that because X hospital does more
       | stuff then Y, and Y charges you the same as X it's just a bunch
       | of hidden/extra stuff that isn't billed as "MSDRG 343"? Or is it
       | because the hospital like any business can charge you what ever
       | you want and may charge more or less depending on the
       | neighbourhood, rent, etc?
        
         | ageitgey wrote:
         | I think part of it is that there is a huge difference in cost
         | between some facilities. But another part of it is that a lot
         | of hospitals don't really _know_ what they charge. They had to
         | scramble and hire consultants to come up with these numbers to
         | meet the deadline and the numbers will probably get more
         | accurate and vary less over time as hospitals get better used
         | to working with prices out in the public.
        
       | ketanmaheshwari wrote:
       | Looking at some of the prices, I can't help but think how great
       | an incentive it is to be healthy in the US. "Health is wealth" if
       | it applies anywhere it is in the US.
       | 
       | I have taken extra measures to ensure that myself and my family
       | are healthy in the last year and with a tax-free HSA account that
       | is invested into ETFs, I am literally printing dollars just by
       | following basic principles of being healthy.
        
         | originalvichy wrote:
         | Health privilege becomes a thing when access to healthcare
         | becomes a barrier. I know the word "privilege" is quite
         | radioactive.
         | 
         | I was sick often as a kid and after finding a diagnosis I've
         | been performing well among my age peers. Thank you Finnish
         | healthcare. Couldn't imagine how much it sets you back
         | cognitively to have health issues as well as financial issues
         | burdening your mind 24/7. Completely avoidable pain and
         | suffering purely for profit.
        
           | ketanmaheshwari wrote:
           | Agreed. I was just looking at the positive aspect of it.
        
       | echelon wrote:
       | How do we disrupt the fucking debacle that is US healthcare?
       | 
       | Would it be possible to create a subscription-based health
       | network that was vertically integrated and provided just basic
       | outpatient needs? Charge $9/mo or something ridiculously low and
       | encourage everyone to check their health often and maintain
       | healthy lifestyles?
       | 
       | Use automation to reduce costs. Then gradually increase the scope
       | of care.
       | 
       | That won't help with surgery, cancer, childbirth, etc. right
       | away, but it might create a gravitational shift that puts swaths
       | of expensive general practitioners out of business, creating
       | excess supply and lowering the range of what insurance covers.
       | That might greatly reduce costs.
       | 
       | We have to eat away at this bloated, inaccessible system somehow.
        
         | SteveCoast wrote:
         | IMHO You need to make it legal to open and run a hospital
         | (hospitals are basically local state-granted monopolies like
         | cable companies). You make it legal to offer differential
         | pricing. You decouple healthcare from employment. You allow
         | employers to offer more than one insurer.
         | 
         | Most of what we need to do is just remove the monopoly rules.
        
       | voicedYoda wrote:
       | Looks interesting. How is this different than test claim
       | submissions available from Eligible, Waystar, PokitDoc, etc?
       | 
       | And are you licensing out cpt codes from the ama? IMHO the AMA
       | and their copyright of CPT codes is the biggest setback to
       | progressive change, transparency, and adaptive change in tech...
       | Payers and well funded companies can afford licensing, otherwise
       | they will strangle you with lock down...
        
       | yding wrote:
       | Very cool! We've been working an app that is looking for this
       | exact type of data. Do you have an API or plans for making an API
       | for this?
        
         | ageitgey wrote:
         | We do have plans for an api, but we are currently working out
         | the model for it - feel free to get in touch via the site and
         | let us know you are interested and what you might want to do
         | with it.
        
           | yding wrote:
           | Thank you. Just did.
        
       | 11thEarlOfMar wrote:
       | Even I am surprised:
       | 
       | Appendectomy: MSDRG 343: at Kaiser in Santa Clara: $56,000
       | 
       | Appendectomy: MSDRG 343: at Holston Valley Medical Center, TN:
       | $4,700
       | 
       | Our healthcare system is even more broken than I ever imagined.
        
         | batrat wrote:
         | What the ..... My wife paid non evasive extraction of appendix
         | 600 euros in a private hospital (and was an emergency) in East
         | EU and is considered luxury by some. It's free in public
         | hospitals.
         | 
         | You guys are swimming in cash.
        
         | Rebelgecko wrote:
         | What does pricing at Kaiser even mean? When I last looked at
         | them, every plan had a $0 deductible and even surgery just had
         | a single copay. Is that the price for someone out of network
         | who goes there in an emergency?
        
         | yyhhsj0521 wrote:
         | Too bad it is an emergency condition, otherwise people could
         | just fly to TN for the same procedure...
        
           | dudul wrote:
           | I used to think that, but my wife had one last year and she
           | only got her surgery almost 2 months after the diagnosis. She
           | was on antibiotic the whole time to reduce and control the
           | infection. Apparently it's the new way to deal with it, since
           | it makes the surgery much easier to perform, instead of when
           | the patient is in pain.
           | 
           | Anecdote aside, your point stands. Shopping, across state
           | lines for surgery is ridiculous.
        
         | azalemeth wrote:
         | For a contrast [1] from the other side of the pond, you could
         | get by on about $3k USD (most British people have no idea about
         | this! [2]):
         | 
         | > RESULTS
         | 
         | > Fifty laparoscopic appendicectomies were performed. Median
         | operative time was 60 min. The median total operative cost of
         | laparoscopic appendicectomy was PS906. Median equipment cost
         | for laparoscopically completed cases was PS254. Median total
         | in-patient cost was PS1617 (range, PS880-PS3360). This compared
         | with a mean re-imbursement of PS1981 representing a [hospital]
         | cost benefit of PS233 per case (P = 0.0009).
         | 
         | > CONCLUSIONS
         | 
         | > Despite a liberal use of disposable equipment, laparoscopic
         | appendicectomy can still be performed within the confines of
         | the national tariffs. There is a considerable variation in the
         | cost of this procedure, and it may be possible to reduce costs
         | by more stringent use of disposable equipment and standardising
         | recovery protocols.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2966171/ [2]
         | https://www.theguardian.com/society/ng-interactive/2016/feb/...
        
         | mrnickel001 wrote:
         | Yeah that's a generally interesting one because Kaiser's
         | pricing is inflated assuming that all their patient's also have
         | Kaiser insurance. But appendectomies do range quite a bit.
        
         | huitzitziltzin wrote:
         | Do not draw conclusions from this _specific_ case because
         | Kaiser in particular is very, very different.
         | 
         | You may be able to find similarly insane examples at other
         | hospitals, but Kaiser is vertically integrated: generally
         | Kaiser doctors send Kaiser-insured patients to Kaiser
         | hospitals.
         | 
         | I am not sure how they reach their measure of a "price" here
         | but it is entirely possible it's unusual and or different.
         | 
         | Again you can probably find something similar at non-Kaiser
         | hospitals (Just for fun... check the Sutter system in NorCal -
         | it's extremely expensive), but _Kaiser_ is not the reason you
         | should think this is insane.
        
       | Pjki889 wrote:
       | The branding (design, typography) looks very similar to
       | OneMedical.
        
       | rplnt wrote:
       | Why are the prices so insane? Where do the money go? I'm from
       | Eastern Europe so of course the prices would be different, but by
       | an order of a magnitude at the minimum seems strange.
        
         | swebs wrote:
         | >Why are the prices so insane?
         | 
         | Because up until a few weeks ago, people weren't allowed to see
         | what hospitals charged until AFTER getting their bill. It was a
         | ridiculous system, and I'm glad Trump got rid of it.
        
         | timonoko wrote:
         | It is a sliding scale. American prizes are 3 times more than
         | private clinic in Helsinki, and again those are 3 times higher
         | than in Lithuania.
         | 
         | For example ultrasonic diagnosis of your frozen shoulder is 600
         | Euros in USA, 200 Euros in Finland and 80 Euros in Vilnius.
         | 
         | This issue is relevant, because European healthcare wont fix
         | your shoulder, because it is a "cosmetic problem" and will
         | disappear on its own in a year or two.
        
           | timonoko wrote:
           | Why this was downvoted? It would be nice get even some clue
           | why this is happening so often on totally trite statement of
           | facts.
        
         | dnautics wrote:
         | - paying for services for people who don't have/can't afford
         | insurance.
         | 
         | - medical malpractice insurance -> legal system
         | 
         | - big pharma/med devices industry
        
           | huitzitziltzin wrote:
           | Everyone hates pharma (not entirely without reason!) but
           | _all_ drug spending is _about 10%_ (slightly less) of US
           | health care spending.
           | 
           | If you spent $0 on drugs next year, we would not save that
           | much money.
           | 
           | If you want to cut spending, you need to cut spending on
           | doctors and hospitals.
           | 
           | If you want sources for these numbers, here is the National
           | Health Expenditure summary from the Centers for Medicare and
           | Medicaid Studies:
           | 
           | https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-
           | Systems/Sta...
        
           | spaetzleesser wrote:
           | You should add
           | 
           | - doctors are paid higher in the US than in another countries
           | 
           | - billing staff overhead because of the insane insurance
           | system
           | 
           | - highly paid hospital administration
           | 
           | - lots of middlemen that stay invisible because there is no
           | price transparency
           | 
           | - shiny new buildings that are built by friends of the
           | hospital administration
        
             | excannuck wrote:
             | "billing staff overhead because of the insane insurance
             | system"
             | 
             | While true, I would generalize to "insane bureaucratic
             | system" unless you want to include public "insurance" into
             | the mix. Medicaid and Medicare aren't simple!
        
             | zoomablemind wrote:
             | ... Add also the medical equipment prices inflated by
             | layers of distributors.
        
             | ArtDev wrote:
             | Look up the salary of your local hospital president. In my
             | medium town of (Pop 200K) they pay him $980k per year. That
             | is an absurd salary for a relatively small hospital!
        
               | therealdrag0 wrote:
               | How do I look that up?
        
               | huitzitziltzin wrote:
               | AFAIK, certain non-profits are required to report the
               | salaries of their ten highest paid employees.
               | 
               | Doesn't mean it will be easy to find, but you _might_ be
               | able to find it that way.
               | 
               | But this is not information the hospital would share w/
               | you w/ great enthusiasm, obviously.
        
           | dominotw wrote:
           | Big pharma?
           | 
           | Big pharma has actually reduced the hospitalization costs
           | over the past two decades.
           | 
           | Edit: can someone explain downvotes?. How is big pharma
           | increasing hospital costs?
           | 
           | please take a look at this,
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2669633/
           | 
           | "The major empirical finding from this research is that
           | medication use by Medicare beneficiaries is significantly
           | negatively associated with hospital spending. Moreover, the
           | cross-effect is quite large: each additional prescription
           | drug fill reduces hospital costs by slightly more than $100
           | or about 5 percent measured at the mean level of Medicare
           | payments in 2000 for inpatient hospital services for study
           | subjects. "
        
             | excannuck wrote:
             | For every COVID vaccine, how many BS "re-patented"
             | medications == harmless vitamin + actual_medicine?
             | 
             | Or medications that don't really work (p-hacking) but are
             | prescribed anyway?)
             | 
             | Or manufacturers that buy out all US competitors to have a
             | monopoly of a particular medicine?
        
           | LatteLazy wrote:
           | Plus
           | 
           | - Gold plating everything to avoid getting sued.
           | 
           | - Inflated medical school costs
           | 
           | - the price of a huge bureaucracy for billing people, chasing
           | them, disputing it, agreeing rates with insurers,
           | renegotiating rates with insurers, applying the right
           | discounts, billing a dozen different state and federal
           | programs for various bits, those being disputed, managing all
           | that etc.
        
             | dominotw wrote:
             | I moved to usa from a poor country to work at a hospital. I
             | was shocked by how awesome, clean and luxurious everything
             | looked. Top end fancy hotel in my country would look like a
             | slum dwelling compared to a hospital in USA.
        
               | ArtDev wrote:
               | Going from the USA to a hospital in Thailand is a similar
               | experience. Everything is so clean!
        
             | annoyingnoob wrote:
             | -Disposable everything, priced at a premium
        
           | fireeyed wrote:
           | Don't forget AMA antitrust violations but curbing the number
           | of doctors that could get into the system.
        
             | huitzitziltzin wrote:
             | Underrated answer, but it isn't an anti-trust violation
             | when they have permission to accredit med schools!
             | 
             | To be clear: I totally agree w/ you that the AMA is a
             | cartel.
        
         | eldavido wrote:
         | It's simple: waste. Everywhere.
         | 
         | There is no incentive for doctors to be efficient so they
         | aren't. They order too many supplies, do too many procedures
         | quickly (when doing them slowly would be fine, and cheaper,
         | etc).
         | 
         | Price discipline is like gravity. It affects everything. In
         | most American businesses subject to market forces, there is an
         | enormous push to optimize every single little bit of the
         | business to control costs.
         | 
         | This force simply doesn't exist in healthcare.
        
           | hhjinks wrote:
           | Market forces aren't exactly prevalent in nationalized
           | healthcare systems like the ones seen in Scandinavia either,
           | and they keep costs way down compared to the US.
        
       | terse_malvolio wrote:
       | Sometimes the cost is bigger than the cost in a different country
       | plus the plane ticket.
        
         | annoyingnoob wrote:
         | From this data, I could do that by going to another state.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | The U.S. healthcare system is built around the idea that
         | everyone has health insurance. Obviously, that's not a valid
         | assumption at all, which is one of many reasons why it's such a
         | problem.
         | 
         | Insurance companies each negotiate a rate for various services
         | with hospitals. People pay different rates depending on the
         | insurance they have, due to these different negotiated rates.
         | 
         | This creates a perverse incentive where hospitals want to list
         | their "cash" price as being higher than the negotiated rates,
         | otherwise insurance companies will come back to negotiate their
         | rates down to the obviously lower cash price.
         | 
         | In reality, it's usually surprisingly easy to get hospitals to
         | give significant discounts if you tell them you're without
         | insurance and you'll be paying in cash. Patients without
         | insurance can often negotiate their bills down to a fraction of
         | the original list price by simply calling in and telling the
         | billing office they don't have insurance.
         | 
         | It's obviously not a great system.
        
           | ArtDev wrote:
           | It's a criminal racket.
           | 
           | You have no position to negotiate and I have never got them
           | to budge. I have tried and gotten pretty angry about it.
           | 
           | Short-term insurance is a waste of money because the rates
           | did not appear to be negotiated at all. They paid 5% of the
           | bill and stuck me with the rest.
           | 
           | The only reason to actually pay your bills is the hospital
           | might eventually sue you. Its messed up.
        
             | alisonkisk wrote:
             | If you don't pay, they'll budge eventually. Unless you're
             | rich, maybe, but then paying more is socialized health
             | care.
        
               | astrophysician wrote:
               | Unfortunately not my experience -- went to nearest ER for
               | sudden and agonizing abdominal pain, got some basic pain
               | meds, got a CAT scan to diagnose pneumonia, was sent home
               | within a couple of hours (lots of waiting).
               | 
               | Turned out the hospital was not in network, they charged
               | me $15,000 (including $10,000 for a "level 5" ER room
               | stay, which is twice the most expensive price listed on
               | the OP's website and is 10x the local average price for
               | that service, despite the fact that my experience could
               | not possibly have been Level 5 service). Eventually they
               | just sold the debt to a collections agency. I tried to
               | fight but they didn't seem to care, and why would they?
               | They already sold the debt!
        
         | swebs wrote:
         | What country lets non-citizens just walk in to use the health
         | care system?
        
           | mportela wrote:
           | Brazil
        
           | tin7in wrote:
           | The whole European Union for EU citizens with an EU health
           | card.
        
           | dudul wrote:
           | I actually can't think of one I've visited that doesn't.
        
           | miguelrochefort wrote:
           | Thailand.
        
           | jogjayr wrote:
           | I assume they were referring to countries where you can pay
           | out of pocket for care at private clinics and hospitals, as a
           | visitor. It's called medical tourism. India is a major
           | destination.
        
           | kwhitefoot wrote:
           | Norway, Poland.
           | 
           | I'm a UK citizen, resident in Norway, who has visited Poland
           | on business many time.
           | 
           | I stayed a night in the Krakow Neurological Institute
           | somewhere between fifteen and twenty years ago, cost me about
           | 100 USD. The ambulance that took me there was free.
        
             | stevenwoo wrote:
             | Wow, you might already know this but in the USA people
             | decline ambulance trips because the cost out of pocket can
             | break them financially. A ambulance helicopter trip (which
             | people are usually not in a position to decline) costs
             | roughly 40,000 last time I read about it, a lot of people
             | crowdfund to pay for this.
        
           | dominotw wrote:
           | UK
        
         | dominotw wrote:
         | I guess you could roll the dice and hope the for best but you
         | will lose your ability to sue the hospital for malpractice if
         | they mess up.
        
           | terse_malvolio wrote:
           | Maybe there is a chance that insurance could be enabling
           | malpractice? I'd have to get hard data on this to make a
           | determination but I'd wager that most reputable medical
           | professionals try to avoid malpractice regardless of country.
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | The alternative is often to not have the procedure at all.
        
           | jasonpeacock wrote:
           | You're making a lot of assumptions here that an out-of-
           | country hospital would be of questionable quality and not
           | have medical malpractice laws.
           | 
           | Just because other countries medical & legal systems are
           | different than the US doesn't mean they are inferior.
        
             | TameAntelope wrote:
             | Even the best hospitals make mistakes, malpractice is not
             | just some cudgel used to beat good doctors over their
             | heads, and America has some of the most comprehensive
             | malpractice law in the world.
             | 
             | That said, if I'm wrong about that I'm interested in
             | learning more.
        
             | dominotw wrote:
             | > legal systems are different than the US doesn't mean they
             | are inferior
             | 
             | Yes. Indian legal system is very inferior compared to USA.
             | My family is fighting a garden variety land dispute case
             | for over a decade. I cannot even imagine someone
             | successfully suing a doctor here for malpractice while
             | living in USA.
        
             | learc83 wrote:
             | The GP was talking about losing your ability sue for
             | malpractice not implying that every other country has
             | inferior medical or legal care.
             | 
             | A country can have a fine legal system for locals that's
             | difficult or prohibitively expensive to access for non-
             | citizens living outside the country.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | One of my businesses refuses to serve Americans simply
               | _because_ they have a habit of reaching for the legal
               | system if they aren 't happy with the service.
               | 
               | All the Americans end up going to my competitor, who is
               | currently in the midst of three lawsuits which will
               | probably sink the company. Two of the lawsuits are with
               | clients I turned away simply _because_ they looked likely
               | to sue!
               | 
               | You can bet that as an American, you will pay
               | substantially more than a local for many services simply
               | because Americans have a reputation for this sort of
               | stuff, and local businesses don't want to take the risk.
               | 
               | I really wish there was some kind of certificate saying
               | "I have never set foot in a courtroom, threatened legal
               | action, or hired a lawyer".
        
               | snakeboy wrote:
               | That's why I don't let black people into my restaurant.
               | Statistically, they're more likely to commit a crime once
               | inside, so I don't want to take the risk. All the black
               | people in town end up going to the restaurant down the
               | street, who had their register robbed one time by a dark-
               | skinned fellow that I turned away because he sure looked
               | suspicious! I sure hope they've learned their lesson by
               | now.
               | 
               | You can bet that as a black person in our town, you'll
               | pay substantially more than white folks, because most of
               | us understand that black people have a reputation for
               | this sort of stuff and general trouble, and we don't want
               | to take the risk.
               | 
               | I really wish there was some kind of certificate to let
               | us know which ones are the docile blacks...
               | 
               | ( _Note_ : It should go without saying that this is a
               | tongue-in-cheek response)
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | I'd be all for banning discrimination based on
               | nationality. But we need to start with the biggest
               | discriminators - governments. Why is an American allowed
               | into America, but a Syrian isn't?
        
               | alisonkisk wrote:
               | Theta a terrible idea. Why "start" somewhere?
               | 
               | Should we abuse and enslaved more people just because
               | someone is abused or enslaved elsewhere?
        
               | alisonkisk wrote:
               | It's a poor response. Nationality is tied to legal
               | system. For example, if a product injures me as an USAn,
               | I need to sue to get my bills paid. As a European, I can
               | simply get public healthcare.
        
               | snakeboy wrote:
               | If I'm a USAn doing business with a private company in a
               | foreign country, that's not relevant. OP is using
               | population-level trends to influence develop his bias
               | towards individuals.
        
               | ArtDev wrote:
               | And then the hospital can't sue you if you can't pay the
               | absurd bill?
        
               | dominotw wrote:
               | Here in India. You pay upfront. No payment = no surgery.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | It isn't the people with legit complaints.... It's the
               | people who do something foolish and then try to sue
               | someone else blaming them...
               | 
               | If I rent you a jetski for an hour, it isn't my fault if
               | you drive over your child with it... It's a jetski. It's
               | dangerous. Don't expect someone else to pay if you mess
               | up.
        
               | alisonkisk wrote:
               | In a country with socialized medical care, someone else
               | does pay.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | I have never anticipated a medical procedure, emergency or
           | otherwise, and considered "my ability to sue for malpractice
           | if this goes wrong". I just don't believe this is a
           | consideration for the actual patient, even if it was relevant
           | (example: Canada with universal public system essentially has
           | no malpractice lawsuits).
        
       | duffpkg wrote:
       | One important piece of context here is that these rates are
       | negotiated as part of a contract bundle where an insurer is
       | bringing a pool of patients to the facility. Prices can vary
       | widely procedure to procedure because they are associated with
       | over or under representation of certain factors within that pool.
       | For example, grossly simplified, I might have a particular
       | service line, hip replacements (an ortho program). The insurer
       | whose patient population is going to 'keep the lights on' in that
       | service line is going to see a very different rate per service
       | than a different insurer who rarely has patients that need it.
       | Nothing about these prices shown are really reflective of the
       | costs of doing the procedure such as pricing in a retail store.
       | 
       | I do think this transparency initiative will result in more
       | consistent costs but not necessarily net lower costs.
       | 
       | Comparisons to other countries that are smaller than the united
       | states are somewhat apples to oranges. There are a lot of factors
       | that are glossed over when someone says "costs are 5x higher in
       | the US than my country" including real estate, energy subsidy,
       | and so on. Its a deep well.
        
       | zirkonit wrote:
       | Cardiac valve procedure at Kaiser Foundation Hospital - Redwood
       | City Medical Center - $458,254.00 cash price. Oh my.
       | 
       | I get it that it's an expensive procedure, but OH MY.
        
         | huitzitziltzin wrote:
         | Kaiser might be a weird outlier. IT is a very different kind of
         | organization (vertically integrated -
         | physicians/insurers/hospitals).
         | 
         | It might be that the price is that insane elsewhere, but Kaiser
         | may not be the best way to judge.
        
       | brundolf wrote:
       | I had this exact idea ~6 months ago but didn't know where to
       | begin. I'm sincerely glad someone else built it. We're in such
       | desperate need of justice when it comes to U.S. healthcare and
       | this is a really good first step in holding the system just a
       | little bit more accountable.
        
       | baskire wrote:
       | Having hospitals compete on price will bring healthcare costs
       | down.
       | 
       | Just like how we can choose between generics and name brands.
       | 
       | Great job!
        
       | forgingahead wrote:
       | This was a big accomplishment of the Trump admin. Regardless of
       | what your other opinions of his administration are, healthcare
       | pricing transparency in the US is a very important step forward
       | to improving the healthcare situation there.
       | 
       | Source (one of many): https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-
       | trump-drugs/white-hou...
        
         | citrus1330 wrote:
         | How is it possible that this was not required before? I am so
         | glad that we had Trump, even if it was just for 4 years.
        
         | ttul wrote:
         | It's too bad that all the other insane things he did will
         | overshadow literally anything of value that he accomplished.
        
           | the-dude wrote:
           | Could you enlighten me and name some of those things? Not
           | things he said, but things he did according to you.
        
             | ttul wrote:
             | The 2017 tax reform bill [1] "seeks to address some widely
             | acknowledged issues with corporate taxation, and takes some
             | steps toward broadening the tax base, in part by reducing
             | the incentive to itemize deductions." It was the first
             | substantive piece of tax reform since 1986, and while there
             | are many things to criticize, it at least started to align
             | US corporate tax rates with those in other developed
             | countries.
             | 
             | One of the significant changes that the tax reform brings
             | is an increase in the cost of capital raised in the form of
             | debt. That is a good thing. The deductibility of interest
             | on corporate debt creates an enormous distortion that
             | causes firms to favour leverage, which leads to greater
             | instability in the economy. Should interest be tax
             | deductible? Well, whether or not you think it should be, it
             | is. And so reducing the corporate tax rate makes that
             | deduction less valuable than it was before.
             | 
             | The tax reform is hugely regressive in reducing the top
             | marginal tax rates for high income earners. That is a giant
             | negative IMHO, because wealth and income inequality are a
             | huge problem in American society. So, personally, I believe
             | the only good from the tax reform is on the corporate
             | taxation side by, effectively, making things a little more
             | efficient than they were before.
             | 
             | Other things that I think were a positive:
             | 
             | 1. Rejecting Chinese firms' from the 5G network build-out.
             | His diplomacy and trade policy were really random, but this
             | was one move that worked out well.
             | 
             | 2. Operation Warp Speed. While Hillary Clinton likely would
             | have done a FAR, FAR better job of handling the pandemic
             | overall, credit is due to Trump for getting behind the
             | advanced purchase of billions of dollars worth of vaccines
             | before they were even approved.
             | 
             | 3. Greatly increasing the standard tax deduction for low
             | income earners. "For income earned in 2020, single people
             | pay no income tax on their first $12,400, heads of
             | household on their first $18,650, and married couples on
             | their first $24,800." [2]
             | 
             | Again, it's too bad that all the insane stuff he did and
             | all the things he neglected will overshadow his
             | accomplishments. History will likely judge Trump harshly,
             | which I think is richly deserved.
             | 
             | [1] https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdf/10.1257/jep.32.4.73
             | 
             | [2] https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/12/the-
             | things...
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | These are all well documented:
             | 
             | https://www.indy100.com/news/donald-trump-bad-things-
             | list-b1...
             | 
             | There are 55 things on the list. There's a mixture of
             | things he said and things he did. As president, his words
             | have real consequences, so drawing the line at "things he
             | said" is strange.
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | Are you serious about bringing that article/site to the
               | table as a source to try and make your point? Or is this
               | sarcasm?
        
               | zingermc wrote:
               | Don't feed the troll.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | His attacks on the immigration and asylum systems were
             | particularly insane and cruel. A just future will forever
             | associate the man with this dark period of Family
             | Separation and caged children.
        
               | pnw_hazor wrote:
               | President Obama's DOJ broke the asylum system by allowing
               | local non-state crime or poverty to be grounds for
               | claiming asylum. This change triggered the
               | family/children caravans and general flooding of the
               | border with women and children.
        
         | burlesona wrote:
         | Came here to post the same. My guess is he will go down as the
         | worst president in US history, but even a terrible
         | administration can have a few noteworthy accomplishments. This
         | and the airline reforms (1) will probably be remembered as the
         | best things that came out of the Trump administration.
         | 
         | 1: https://www.inc.com/bill-murphy-jr/president-trump-just-
         | sign...
        
           | adwww wrote:
           | Seems a sensible bill - amazing that some of them were not
           | already the case. Eg. mininum rest times for cabin crew.
           | 
           | However, what on earth has this got to do with aviation?!
           | 
           | > authorizes $1.68 billion for relief for Hurricane Florence,
           | which hit the Carolinas last month;
        
             | Inhibit wrote:
             | That's how those bills work. It was either the most
             | expedient way to get it in a bill or the Carolina congress
             | people were needed to pass it.
        
           | redis_mlc wrote:
           | > My guess is he will go down as the worst president in US
           | history
           | 
           | Nope, best President in terms of:
           | 
           | - foreign policy since Reagan, and maybe Roosevelt
           | 
           | - over 400 miles of border wall built
           | 
           | - significant repeal of anti-business laws.
           | 
           | - excellent response to CCP, stunning even China watchers.
           | 
           | All that despite almost 4 years of baseless Mueller
           | investigation.
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | Agreed. This is only a small first step towards some level of
         | sanity but let's hope that the Biden administration keeps going
         | down that path.
        
         | craftinator wrote:
         | Oh, I assumed the greatest accomplishment of the Trump
         | Administration was the peaceful transition of power to the new
         | administration? This does seem like a good thing though.
        
       | azalemeth wrote:
       | I think something else that would be of interest would be doing
       | this for drug prescriptions: compare the cost that my employer,
       | the NHS, pay for a compound and those that Americans pay for the
       | exact same compound. This is easy on my end at least -- prices
       | and prescription guidance are released in the BNF / British
       | National Formulary annually and are all made available in public.
       | I have never understood the US system of "co-pays" and found the
       | whole thing very confusing.
       | 
       | For a few "popular" random examples that I think HN might have
       | heard of: one branded Epi-Pen is PS26.45; Naproxen (the NSAID
       | painkiller) is PS4.29 / 56 pack; and omeprazole (PPI used to
       | treat gastric reflux) is PS0.84 / 28 pack.
       | 
       | A more expensive example might be the cystic fibrosis "designer
       | drugs" lumacaftor with ivacaftor -- 112 tablets are PS8000 (to be
       | prescribed by a specialist, if the patient has the genotype to
       | respond to it -- a total annual cost of about PS26k). The US
       | equivalent is $379,780 [1].
       | 
       | (NB: The price you pay as a British patient is usually PS0,
       | unless you are a working-aged and working English person -- at
       | which point it is PS9.15 per item [independent of its cost] or a
       | fixed "all you can eat" prepayment certificate that works out at
       | about PS8.83/month -- which is what I have. Oh, and plus the
       | taxes, of course...).
       | 
       | [1] https://www.jmcp.org/doi/pdf/10.18553/jmcp.2018.24.10.987
        
         | tape_measure wrote:
         | _PS9.15 per item [independent of its cost]_
         | 
         | That's basically what a copay is.
        
         | huitzitziltzin wrote:
         | The Health Care Cost Institute has something like what you want
         | - see Figure 2 about halfway down this page:
         | 
         | https://healthcostinstitute.org/hcci-research/international-...
        
         | pkaye wrote:
         | One of the things that EU countries do is negotiate with the
         | the drug manufacturers. So UK in this case of Lumacaftor,
         | didn't cover the drug until they got a reasonable price. This
         | meant a 4 year delay in access to the drug vs the US.
         | 
         | > It was approved for medical use in the United States in 2015,
         | and in Canada in 2016.[3][5] In the United States it costs more
         | than $US 22,000 a month as of 2018.[6][7] While its use was not
         | recommended in the United Kingdom as of 2018,[4] pricing was
         | agreed upon in 2019 and it is expected to be covered by
         | November of that year.[8]
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumacaftor/ivacaftor
        
         | CogitoCogito wrote:
         | > I have never understood the US system of "co-pays" and found
         | the whole thing very confusing.
         | 
         | I think you're mixing up a few things here. The co-pays are
         | meant to make the patient directly pay some of the cost to
         | decrease abuse of the system. There are many different
         | structures for co-pays so saying anything general is kind of
         | difficult, but there are reasonable arguments supporting such a
         | system. In Sweden for example you do have to pay certain costs
         | (which are capped) for essentially the same reason.
         | 
         | But that has nothing to do with the fact that prices vary so
         | widely for the same products and services. Personally I think
         | that the US system should at a minimum require that
         | 
         | 1. All medical products' and services' costs to published
         | publically;
         | 
         | 2. All costs to be non-discriminatory (meaning everyone
         | regardless of any insurance plan or none must pay the same);
         | 
         | 3. All costs be available prior to any services provided.
         | 
         | In other words, there are no negotiated plans with different
         | prices, there are no surprise bills, patients actually are able
         | to understand costs, and real competition is actually
         | theoretically possible. None of this would necessarily preclude
         | an insurance plan from having co-pays, it would just make the
         | only point of the insurance plan purely financial and open as
         | it should be.
         | 
         | Of course the US could just move to a single-payer government-
         | run system, but that's a different discussion. If the goal
         | truly is to have a market-based system, then I think my points
         | above should be implemented.
        
       | hehehaha wrote:
       | Here's another consideration: care quality is very disparate
       | across the country in the US. And what's even more frustrating is
       | that cost is not correlated to quality. While I am a bit more
       | critical because I've seen "how the sausage is made" first hand
       | for years, this also makes it that much harder to implement
       | universal health care in the US. Don't think someone living in
       | rural Wyoming should pay the same HC tax/premium as someone
       | living right across the street from MGH.
        
         | ageitgey wrote:
         | Definitely true - quality and price are only very loosely
         | related. Right now we have care quality information on the
         | hospital "information" page, but most people aren't finding it
         | in the current design and we are going to re-work it so it's
         | more visible when browsing prices.
        
       | hkt wrote:
       | Just came here to remind everyone that free at the point of use
       | healthcare is great.
       | 
       | I tried to total the cost of the care my son received when he was
       | born, had we been American. I stopped counting at $1million.
       | 
       | Being in the UK, I even got a few meals at the hospital canteen
       | thrown in. Not to mention the time in nICU etc. It is horrifying
       | that people have to compare prices and haggle for care anywhere
       | on earth.
        
         | ageitgey wrote:
         | Fun fact - I'm a cofounder of this and a US citizen, but I live
         | in London. I agree completely with this. I spend my days
         | working on US healthcare data and seeing how crazy it is while
         | I use the NHS for my actual care.
         | 
         | But the US system is tricky because while it is an huge
         | mishmash of layers of middlemen and clearing houses taking a
         | slice of the pie, those layers also employ a huge number of
         | Americans across the country. It would be extraordinarily
         | difficult (both logistically and politically) to rip all that
         | out in one fell swoop. I feel like the only possible way to
         | bring in socialized medicine in the US would be a gradual
         | expansion of opt-in 'Medicare for All' or something along those
         | lines.
        
           | hkt wrote:
           | It doesn't seem like there's a way to do it without
           | aggressive opposition, really. Divide and rule (taking out
           | one rentier middleman at a time) will take decades I'd
           | imagine.
           | 
           | So yeah, expand and improve existing programs until they're
           | universal and comprehensive like the NHS. Sane approach.
        
       | 4ec0755f5522 wrote:
       | I just read an article about quiet / dream jobs (park ranger
       | etc.) In it, every single person has a side gig(s) or is
       | otherwise making decisions on their careers based on medical
       | coverage. Every one of them! One of the people says most people
       | leave when they turn 26 because they can't stay on their parents'
       | health insurance. What?!                 > And like other dream
       | jobs I learned about, it's not enough to survive on: During
       | > off-seasons, Krumbholz also works as a substitute teacher and
       | an aquarium dolphin        > tank cleaner; since being on
       | university health insurance would mean she'd constantly       >
       | lose it during the off-season, Krumbholz decided to stay on the
       | state exchange       > instead.
       | 
       | The idea that health care is tied to your employer, and your
       | employment status, is so unacceptably broken. I've never heard of
       | anything so broken in terms of the obvious social and economic
       | harm a bad policy is creating. Having the freedom _from_ health
       | care costs is _more_ freedom for _more_ people than the
       | "freedom" to not pay health insurance or taxes to cover it.
        
         | peytn wrote:
         | That sounds extreme. Without taking sides, I suggest another
         | possibility is that the author may have a bias, agenda, or
         | angle to the story.
        
         | xyzelement wrote:
         | // Having the freedom from health care costs is more freedom
         | for more people than the "freedom" to not pay health insurance
         | or taxes to cover it.
         | 
         | This is not how freedom works. Your argument is akin to saying
         | "freedom from hearing uncomfortable opinions" benefits more
         | people than "freedom of expression" does.
         | 
         | On the broader level, I got to experience healthcare in the US
         | both as a broke-ass immigrant child and as a working adult. It
         | ranged from good to amazing in terms of availability of
         | appointments, treatments, quality and comfort. Night and day
         | beyond what I experienced in the USSR as a kid. So while people
         | are shitting on the system we have, many people find it
         | excellent and amazing and we like the freedom to continue
         | enjoying it.
        
           | bcrosby95 wrote:
           | My experience as a child was great. As a working adult I
           | spend hours fighting with insurance, hospitals, and doctors
           | to get my bills properly covered. It feels like a bunch of
           | wolves arguing over whose gonna eat the sheep (me). For this
           | privilege I get to pay insurance a minor fee of 3k/month for
           | my family of 5.
        
             | xyzelement wrote:
             | There definitely had been a few snags with insurance that
             | we had to work through - not claiming it's perfect.
             | 
             | However I recall the night my son was born - the
             | facilities, staff and resources of the hospital were
             | unmatched - the mother and baby would not have the same
             | experience anywhere else in the world.
             | 
             | My wife works in the ER - they constantly use procedures
             | and deploy resources in ways that would be considered
             | impractical elsewhere in the world.
             | 
             | For example: an 65+ year-old patient comes in with a
             | specific complaint. It could be cause A or the more rare
             | but serious cause B. It takes imaging to determine whether
             | it's A or B. Elsewhere in the world, they just assume it's
             | A as the patient is "old" because it's financially
             | impractical to test for B. My wife on the other had has no
             | constraints from ordering the imaging test even though 9/10
             | times it's "wasted" as it just confirms A. But the other
             | 10% of the time, it saves the life.
             | 
             | We make a different tradeoff in the US, some of us prefer
             | this trade off.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | There is a huge Caviat in your scenario. A lot of people
               | won't come in because they can't afford it, or they won't
               | get the test because they can't afford it. Your wife can
               | order the imaging test, but she doesn't have to deal with
               | the debt, and/or months of arguing on the phone with
               | administrators that her patient sees.
               | 
               | I live in Canada where I am enrolled in the provincial
               | health plan. If a doctor recommends a test or treatment I
               | get it. Cost isn't a consideration. My age isn't a
               | consideration. Please don't spread lies about how
               | universal healthcare works. Unlike insurance in the US,
               | if the doctor orders it, it is covered by the healthcare
               | system here.
               | 
               | Truth: I may have to wait based on a triage system.
               | 
               | If the doctor doesn't recommend a test as necessary or I
               | don't want to wait for my place in line, I can go to a
               | medical clinic that offers these tests privately and
               | pay/have my employer provided secondary coverage pay.
               | 
               | In that way it turns out that we don't have to make the
               | tradeoff.
               | 
               | I've had the best insurance I could buy in the US, and
               | now I have the standard health care that every person in
               | my Canadian province gets. My experience, which is backed
               | up by studies, is that I am healthier, and the population
               | in general is healthier under the Canadian system.
        
               | Falling3 wrote:
               | > However I recall the night my son was born - the
               | facilities, staff and resources of the hospital were
               | unmatched - the mother and baby would not have the same
               | experience anywhere else in the world.
               | 
               | We had a wonderful experience with the birth of our
               | daughter, but I have no idea how I could claim it was
               | better than anywhere in the world. I'm asking because you
               | seem to be making a low-hyperbole claim here: what is
               | your basis for saying that? Particularly, when the US has
               | some of the worst metrics for infant mortality, birth
               | weights, and mother mortality rates in the developed
               | world.
               | 
               | > My wife works in the ER - they constantly use
               | procedures and deploy resources in ways that would be
               | considered impractical elsewhere in the world.
               | 
               | Does this actually lead to better health outcomes? The US
               | ranks low in the developed world in many health-related
               | areas. Some of them are at least in part due to cultural
               | issues and it is completely fair to attribute to our
               | healthcare system. But some of them like our rates of
               | medical and lab errors clearly are. I'm genuinely looking
               | for data to support the idea that the tradeoff you
               | mentioned actually exists.
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | // but I have no idea how I could claim it was better
               | than anywhere in the world. I'm asking because you seem
               | to be making a low-hyperbole claim here: what is your
               | basis for saying that?
               | 
               | Conversations with friends and family abroad.
               | 
               | // Particularly, when the US has some of the worst
               | metrics for infant mortality, birth weights, and mother
               | mortality rates in the developed world.
               | 
               | Not an expert but I understand there's a ton of
               | measurement variability. Something like:
               | 
               | Baby born 3 months premature and dies shortly after. Many
               | countries just consider that still birth and it doesn't
               | count towards infant mortality. In the US we actually
               | fight to save these kids so if they die, they count
               | towards infant mortality. Perhaps weight at birth works
               | the same way?
        
               | 5cents wrote:
               | All countries do their best, and Sweden seems to be the
               | most successful country at the moment [0]. Neonatal
               | mortality rate in Sweden was 1.38 per thousand in 2019,
               | compared to 1.4 in Norwy, 2.77 in the UK and 3.7 in the
               | US [1]. But you are right that the rate of premature
               | births is higher in the US than most European countries
               | (10-15% in the Us compared to <10% in Europe) [2], and so
               | is the rate of very preterm births (14.1 per thousand in
               | the US compared to 8.3 in Norway, 7.7 in Sweden and 6.7
               | in Finland) [3]. It is likely that the rate of premature
               | births is also a sign of the quality of maternal care.
               | 
               | The rate of still birth in 2009 in the US was 2.95/1000
               | compared to 2.74 in Sweden and 2.2 in Norwy [4]
               | 
               | That the statistics of neonatal deaths are manipulated is
               | also a bold claim, it deserves some references?
               | 
               | [0] https://news.ki.se/sweden-leads-the-world-in-saving-
               | extremel...
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-
               | detai...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.reddbarna.no/born-too-soon-the-global-
               | action-rep...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346062/
               | 
               | [4] http://chartsbin.com/view/1445
               | 
               | Edit: spelling
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > For example: an 65+ year-old patient comes in with a
               | specific complaint. It could be cause A or the more rare
               | but serious cause B. It takes imaging to determine
               | whether it's A or B. Elsewhere in the world, they just
               | assume it's A as the patient is "old" because it's
               | financially impractical to test for B. My wife on the
               | other had has no constraints from ordering the imaging
               | test even though 9/10 times it's not needed. But the
               | other 10% of the time, it saves the life.
               | 
               | This just plain isn't true in general. I grew up in the
               | US with probably the best insurance of anyone I've ever
               | known. I've also lived in Sweden with the state-run
               | insurance (without any private addition). I've had great
               | care in the US. I've had great care in Sweden. In fact,
               | my care in Sweden has honestly probably been better in my
               | cases including where I had overuse injury to my knee due
               | to sports where they really could just say "well quit
               | running so much and let your body rest and leave the
               | healthcare system to those not actively inducing their
               | own injury", but they did not. Fast MRIs, fast diagnosis,
               | fast help, fast everything. I understand this is entirely
               | anecdotal, but the fact is there are many much cheaper
               | systems out there run by governments that actually
               | function _better_ than the US system even for those in
               | the US with good insurance.
        
           | throwaway4220 wrote:
           | YMMV (as I'm sure the below comments will show you) on the
           | efficacy of the US healthcare system. My experience ranged
           | from 1/10 (like denying emergency care until I fought for it)
           | to 10/10 (same-day treatment after diagnosis). Even from the
           | supply side, I have little power on how to help even my own
           | patients navigate the system unless it's an urgent/emergent
           | need. It is important to hear the system is working well for
           | some; we should focus on improving it for more people.
        
           | CoolGuySteve wrote:
           | That may be true but the USSR is a collapsed state, we should
           | be comparing wealthy countries.
           | 
           | According to this the US is mostly in the high top 10 for
           | outcomes in cancer and cardiovascular disease treatment
           | outcomes:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_quality_o.
           | ..
           | 
           | But the US spends more than double the OECD average per
           | capita to achieve those marginal gains:
           | 
           | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/OE.
           | ..
           | 
           | There's an argument to be made that the cost overruns are
           | paying for better outcomes, or maybe the outcomes have some
           | sample bias due to Americans being less healthy, or sicker
           | people are seeking treatment in the US.
           | 
           | But on the other hand, the gains are so marginal that those
           | costs might also be due to significant corruption and
           | regulatory capture.
        
             | xyzelement wrote:
             | I didn't make this clear - I agree with you about the USSR,
             | but the point I meant to make is that on metrics like cost
             | and availability of care, it would look "better" than the
             | US.
        
               | stjohnswarts wrote:
               | No one who is legit just compares cost and availability
               | they are going to also include the health levels of the
               | nation, time to actually getting an appointment, time to
               | get a surgery for a condition, etc. You can't just pick
               | out two variables and say "see I'm right!" . There are a
               | ton of European health markets that are superior to the
               | US market when comparing multiple variables. We need to
               | copy them or do something very similar rather than being
               | stubborn assholes and think everything has to be home
               | grown.
        
           | Trill-I-Am wrote:
           | Would the general public of other developed nations be
           | happier if their healthcare systems were more like the US's?
        
             | dghlsakjg wrote:
             | I've lived in the US, and now live in Canada.
             | 
             | Despite right-wing propaganda that we're all flocking to
             | the states for care (never met a single person who has even
             | considered that), or that we're all dying on years long
             | wait lists (there is an element of truth to that, but it's
             | a triage system. So cancer patients get priority for
             | surgery before the skier who blew his ACL).
             | 
             | I still have yet to meet a single person who doesn't think
             | the US system is batshit crazy.
             | 
             | Canadians recognize that their system has problems, and can
             | be improved (which is true of ANY complex system). But they
             | also don't think that the US system is functional or
             | desirable.
             | 
             | I know that the nearest border crossing to me regularly has
             | ambulances waiting for people that preferred to travel sick
             | or injured than seek healthcare in the US. In other words,
             | people literally flee the country to avoid being treated in
             | the US.
        
             | LouisSayers wrote:
             | Haha nope, ya'll be crazy
        
           | stjohnswarts wrote:
           | You're being single minded here. You should compare it to
           | what is available in Europe, Cuba, Canada, etc not what's
           | going on in Russia. We want everyone to have good health
           | care, not just people in silicon valley and the tech industry
           | who by and large to get good insurance.
        
         | cmurf wrote:
         | If folks had to butcher their own cow, there'd be more
         | vegetarians. And if folks had to shop and pay for their own
         | health care plans on exchanges like the self-employed do, we'd
         | have universal health care.
        
         | y-c-o-m-b wrote:
         | My first question to a potential new employer has become "what
         | are your health insurance benefits and how much do you cover?"
         | rather than "what's the salary range you're hiring for?"
         | (although this still comes second). If it's anything less than
         | 80% employer-paid coverage or they don't offer traditional PPO
         | plans, it's an automatic withdrawal of my application.
         | 
         | I've recently found I now need to add another filter to this:
         | "WHO is your insurance through?" because apparently even 90%
         | employer paid health insurance through UnitedHealthcare still
         | sucks compared to inferior coverage through BlueCross or Aetna.
         | I had to switch primary care doctors for everyone in my family
         | (me, wife, kids all had different docs) because none of them
         | were in network with United. Confused by this, I called around.
         | I found out doctors offices _loathe_ dealing with UHC due to
         | UHC 's reluctance to pay or the generally obnoxious claims
         | process. Their "in-network" providers is contained to a much
         | smaller list of providers that put up with their bullshit. I'm
         | seriously considering leaving my current employer (which I'm
         | very happy with) for this reason alone.
         | 
         | Lack of reliable (or any) health insurance is the #1 reason I
         | don't take contract jobs even though they're more attractive to
         | me.
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | Employer based health insurance should be abolished. There
         | should be one risk pool either nation or state wide and within
         | that everybody can get insurance for the same price. It would
         | reduce a lot of administrative effort in companies (why does my
         | employer have to worry about my health insurance but not my car
         | insurance?) and allow people to change jobs without worrying
         | about health care. Religious employers also couldn't control
         | things like birth control because health insurance would be
         | none of their business.
        
           | TheOsiris wrote:
           | it should be, and it needs to be if we ever want to fix this
           | problem, but it'll be political suicide for anyone that even
           | says this out loud. corporations would be all for it to.
           | 
           | (majority of) people with jobs have no idea how bad/expensive
           | healthcare really is. they have excellent insurance coverage
           | and they pay very little for it. if we make them responsible
           | for buying their own it'll be impossibly expensive. but this
           | is exactly what they need to realize so that we can have the
           | political movement to overhaul the entire system
        
           | stjohnswarts wrote:
           | I like this idea, especially nation wide. I think the US
           | should set one up along side private policies though as a
           | stepping stone so people can see/envy it. You will never ever
           | get rid of private insurance in one fell swoop it will take
           | steps.
        
       | mtalantikite wrote:
       | This is great (and totally unfortunate that it needs to exist in
       | the US), thanks for building it.
       | 
       | One issue: it looks like the search is not respecting the zip
       | code for me if I change it. For example, if I search for a
       | procedure using the zip code the site auto-populates, my results
       | are great. However, if I change the zip code to my actual
       | neighborhood here in NYC, I'm seeing results from all over the
       | country.
        
         | ageitgey wrote:
         | Thanks, I'll take a look! If you don't mind, would you mind
         | dropping me an email at adam@turquoise.health with the zip code
         | you are trying?
        
       | k3liutZu wrote:
       | Oh wow, so a "Tonsil Removal (Patient Under 12)" procedure has a
       | huge price-range:
       | 
       | $298.00
       | 
       | $7,830.76
       | 
       | $7,299.85
       | 
       | $10,243.23
       | 
       | $13,964.19
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | How are these even comparable?
        
         | theplague42 wrote:
         | It's probably bad data. 7k vs 13k is reasonable, but nobody is
         | removing tonsils for $300.
        
           | CogitoCogito wrote:
           | $300 seems low to me as well, but the order of magnitude
           | spread isn't suprising at all. About 5 years ago I went into
           | the ER in NYC due to extreme dehydration. They gave me some
           | saline and sent me home a few hours later. Later I got a bill
           | for $250 which was above my ER $150 copay so I called them up
           | and it turned out they didn't realize I had insurance. A
           | month later I got a "fixed" bill for $3000 to my insurance of
           | which $150 was my responsibility.
           | 
           | My example of a magical 12x increase given single exact same
           | procedure coded identically, means I find a price increase of
           | ~43x from $300 to $13,000 between different hospitals quite
           | believable.
        
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