[HN Gopher] We are sending more foster kids to prison than to co...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       We are sending more foster kids to prison than to college
        
       Author : aminozuur
       Score  : 396 points
       Date   : 2021-01-18 13:39 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.kansascity.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.kansascity.com)
        
       | williesleg wrote:
       | Some go to Hillary and Joe to suck their blood so there's that.
        
       | BGthaOG wrote:
       | I highly recommend watching the video interview (5 min.) embedded
       | in the article, titled "Taken into foster care, through the eyes
       | of a child".
       | 
       | It is not far from the beginning of the article. Here is the
       | written caption:
       | 
       | "Before she was an inmate, Michelle Voorhees was a kid in foster
       | care. Painting a vivid picture, Voorhees asks you to imagine the
       | harrowing, disconcerting experience of being removed from your
       | own home."
       | 
       | Search-in-page any part of the caption and it should be easy to
       | spot.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | I did youth work with a family who fostered then adopted 4 half
       | brothers from the same mother. She was a heroin addict. Every
       | other year she'd have a baby, malnourished, underweight, in
       | withdrawal, neglected taken away. 4 kids: 2 had adhd, 1 was
       | developmentally delayed, 1 autistic, 1 had ADD, plus all were
       | smaller and weaker than their comparative age peers.
       | 
       | After taking the forth one, they were too over stretched to take
       | anymore. Lovely kids. It was amazing watching them socialise
       | gradually. So sad what happened to them really.
        
         | eplanit wrote:
         | "I did youth work with a family who fostered then adopted 4
         | half brothers from the same mother. She was a heroin addict.
         | Every other year she'd have a baby, malnourished, underweight,
         | in withdrawal, neglected taken away."
         | 
         | That's truly tragic. You've been a blessing to those children,
         | and that's beautiful.
         | 
         | Given the harshness of this reality, I understand why past
         | generations looked to forced sterilization. There's really no
         | winning with that, but after _4_ kids (to date) with that fate,
         | it 's a legitimate moral debate (not an easy one, nor should it
         | be) as to the relative good. I guess it's a sibling to the
         | abortion debate.
        
           | LatteLazy wrote:
           | I'm a brit, around the same time a US based charity set up
           | here that paid drug using women to get (temporary but long
           | term) Birth Control. I thought it was a good idea but it was
           | (is) very controversial. They started after a similar
           | experience.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Prevention
           | 
           | The kids I worked with were so lucky to get a nice loving
           | family, a very strong community to support them, lots of
           | opportunities for socialisation and education etc.
           | 
           | God knows what happens if you're not that lucky.
           | 
           | Edit: I have to be honest, I enjoyed the work. I wouldn't
           | have done it otherwise. :) the kids had their moments but
           | mostly they were really excited to do anything and getting
           | male attention was a big draw for them (one they got over the
           | fear of men they all arrived with).
        
             | eplanit wrote:
             | "Edit: I have to be honest, I enjoyed the work."
             | 
             | And that makes it _perfect_ -- too rare in actual life.
             | Wonderful. Buy yourself a pint! :-)
        
       | jriley wrote:
       | I know volunteers for CASA. It is both uplifting and
       | heartbreaking work.
       | 
       | https://nationalcasagal.org/
        
       | hamolton wrote:
       | It's obscene how we have this foster system that pays these
       | parents for kid's hit-or-miss experiences rotating between
       | families, when adoption, a generally better solution, costs over
       | $10k in fees after proving via background checks that you're an
       | angel. The system is so broken.
        
         | ketzo wrote:
         | Not to be obtuse, but some would say you're reversing cause and
         | effect -- that the $10k and exhaustive background checks are
         | the _reasons_ that adoption has better success rates. I couldn
         | 't be less of an expert, but it's hard for me to imagine that
         | the solution is as simple as "adoption is always better."
         | 
         | It does _absolutely_ seem like there are many wonderful homes
         | out there who aren 't able to adopt because they aren't quite
         | well-off enough, or the couple is gay, or some other factor
         | that a reasonable person could look at and say "this shouldn't
         | disqualify you from adopting."
        
           | hamolton wrote:
           | Agreed that success rates are irrelevant to this conversation
           | and it's certainly not true that adoption is always better. I
           | think that most people would agree that the relative
           | stability of having permanent parents would be, on average,
           | better than being in the awkward foster system for ages. The
           | foster system is meant to be temporary until a child can be
           | placed in a permanent home [1] but 29% of children placed in
           | the foster care system are stuck for at least 3 years [2].
           | 
           | [1] https://pathwayfs.org/foster-care-vs-adoption-
           | differences-an...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/parenting/a35860/ad
           | opt....
        
       | DanielBMarkham wrote:
       | My SO works with foster kids. Her job is to find foster families,
       | work with the kids, and try (if possible) to heal the family and
       | put them back together. She loves and is good at her job.
       | 
       | Most folks have no concept of the types of trauma many of these
       | children go through. Sadly, by the time the state has to step in,
       | it's no easy journey forward. People watch movies and TV dramas
       | about these kinds of things. It does not prepare anybody involved
       | for the reality of the problems. I've heard second-hand stories I
       | wish I could forget.
        
       | heckerhut wrote:
       | More generally, prisons all over the world serve much more often
       | as a place to put people that society has failed than vice versa.
       | It's a sad truth that gets very little recognition since these
       | people have no lobby. The American prison situation is certainly
       | particularly awful due to privatization. But it doesn't stop
       | there. We're doing terrible things in Europe as well.
        
         | remh wrote:
         | Not to downplay the issue in Europe but there are 111 inmates
         | per 100,000 people in the EU. In the US it's 698.
         | 
         | That shows the amplitude and the spread of the carceral problem
         | in the US.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | The conditions once you're in are also starkly worse in the
           | US. More people, for longer periods, in worse living
           | conditions.
        
           | slumdev wrote:
           | The "nonviolent drug user" inmate is as much a myth as
           | Reagan's welfare queen.
           | 
           | We have a crime problem, not a "carceral problem".
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | Afaik, Americans do not commit 6 times more crime then
             | Europeans.
        
               | krspykrm wrote:
               | Did you bother actually looking up the data? Because
               | intentional homicide in the US is indeed more than 6x
               | greater than it is in places like Austria and
               | Switzerland.
               | 
               | There is no country in western Europe with anywhere near
               | the violent crime rate as the US.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Yes I did. US has 3 times more murder then average EU.
               | That is not the same as 6 times more. And some of surplus
               | is one person killing more people, so you then have one
               | person being in prison instead of multiple.
               | 
               | And murder clearance rates are low anyway, so that on
               | itself can't be reason for disparity.
               | 
               | Switzerland has super low murders.
        
               | slumdev wrote:
               | I am inclined to believe that criminal inclination is a
               | human universal. I am also inclined to believe that the
               | American system catches and punishes more criminals (as a
               | percentage) than the European systems. But some disparity
               | does seem to exist.
        
             | the_jeremy wrote:
             | Only 2% of the incarcerated population has had a trial[0].
             | How can we even prove that there is a crime problem with
             | that type of statistic?
             | 
             | 0: https://github.com/MKorostoff/incarceration-in-real-
             | numbers/...
        
             | croissants wrote:
             | It's true that most American prisoners are not "nonviolent
             | drug user" inmates. However, around 250,000 of them are
             | [1]. That's still a huge chunk of human life.
             | 
             | As a side note, I think HN readers may get a lot out of
             | reading [1], which is a pretty concise look at the American
             | prison system and some of the facts and myths around it.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2020.html
        
               | asphaltycode wrote:
               | People seem to forget how devastating drugs are to
               | communities. We see it right now with meth and poor
               | whites. It was (is?) true about African Americans and
               | crack cocaine. There is no "legalize it" solution with
               | these drugs. If you want to rehab low level offenders,
               | fine. But high level offenders, the people running the
               | operations, deserve their sentences.
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | Is there a drug that could be legalized and/or prescribed
               | in a safe setting that would be less harmful than these?
               | 
               | Or, what is the social need that the drug pretends to
               | fill, and can that need be met in a better way before
               | addictions get out of hand?
        
               | asphaltycode wrote:
               | Is there evidence people do drugs to fill a social need?
        
               | Falling3 wrote:
               | > There is no "legalize it" solution with these drugs
               | 
               | That's why keeping in mind the difference between
               | legalization and decriminalization is important.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | asphaltycode wrote:
               | You still need criminalization as a "stick" to either get
               | people into rehab or not take these drugs at all.
        
             | Clubber wrote:
             | 1/5 or 20% of people currently incarcerated are for non-
             | violent drug use. This article tries to downplay it by
             | reversing the statistic saying 4/5's aren't non-violent
             | drug offenders. So about ~450k are incarcerated for non-
             | violent drug possession in any given day.
             | 
             | https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2020.html
             | 
             | Our prison inhabitants really started spiking in the 1980s,
             | so anyone born after that doesn't know a different world
             | other than what we have now.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_S
             | t...
        
             | LatteLazy wrote:
             | One of the few unchecked powers of the US president is the
             | pardon. I never understood why Obama (now Trump) didnt just
             | pardon all federal non violent drug offenders on the last
             | day of his 2nd term...
        
               | jl6 wrote:
               | "Non violent drug offenders" is probably really hard to
               | specify at the next level of detail.
        
               | edbob wrote:
               | Similar categories are already specified in the penal
               | code. Take a look at federal sentencing guidelines.
        
               | LatteLazy wrote:
               | Yeah, but he doesn't need to. He can leave that to the
               | courts.
        
               | monetus wrote:
               | I doubt he prioritized that over the political baggage it
               | would create for his successors or his personal life. I
               | wish he had been inspired by carter, but politically I
               | think this must seem riskier than those pardons. The
               | rhetoric around why prisoners shouldn't vote seem to
               | underly a lot of the same thinking, but I wish we knew
               | their rationale.
        
               | LatteLazy wrote:
               | People spend their lives scrambling for power. Then when
               | they get it, they're out of ideas after "Tax Cuts!". Zero
               | vision, just self interest...
        
             | halfnormalform wrote:
             | We have a carceral problem despite your scare quotes and
             | your unsupported assertions.
        
               | slumdev wrote:
               | It's not a scare quote. It's how reasonable people
               | approach novel turns of phrase so that they don't become
               | part of our culturally accepted common knowledge without
               | any basis in fact.
        
         | np_tedious wrote:
         | Private prisons are a problem, but they are also sort of an
         | overemphasized canard. They house under 10% of the prison
         | population, and for several of the larger states it's none at
         | all.
         | 
         | American state run prisons and their surrounding ecosystem of
         | courts, municipal govts, vendors, etc have much of the perverse
         | incentives and a far larger overall footprint
        
           | hntrader wrote:
           | > American state run prisons and their surrounding ecosystem
           | of courts, municipal govts, vendors, etc have much of the
           | perverse incentives
           | 
           | Why do these institutions have perverse incentives? Is it
           | because the voters reward high imprisonment rates because it
           | creates the impression of safety?
        
             | coredog64 wrote:
             | Just to pick on one player, California prison workers'
             | union have immense political power. They have many members,
             | and their self-interest is more prisons and more prisoners.
             | 
             | To go further, when you warehouse a bunch of people who
             | can't vote in a geographical area, you create a situation
             | where few voters get to wield disproportionate power at all
             | levels.
        
             | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
             | It is. The history as most voters perceive it is: crime was
             | high and rising fast in the 70s and 80s, until we got
             | "tough on crime" in the late 80s and early 90s, and crime
             | finally started declining once all the criminals knew we'd
             | be tough. So they conclude that the modern American justice
             | system is what's causing crime to decline, and are
             | concerned that being "soft on crime" would make crime start
             | spiking again.
             | 
             | Don't get me wrong, I'm not a fan of mass incarceration,
             | but you can see where the skepticism of reform comes from.
             | It's impossible to overstate how bad things were perceived
             | to be in the 90s.
        
             | np_tedious wrote:
             | Other commenter has good points too, but I primarily meant
             | that there are still many many people (and entire rural
             | towns!) making and dependent on the money involved. Even if
             | the running of the prisons is "public".
        
       | Turbots wrote:
       | US is sending more foster kids to prison than to college*
        
       | dcolkitt wrote:
       | This is a good time to remind people that there's a huge backlog
       | of stable, middle-class Americans desperate to adopt. This
       | persists primarily because of huge regulatory and legal burdens
       | placed on the adoption process.
       | 
       | The most despicable of which is a constellation of bigoted state-
       | by-state policies on "racial matching". The end result is that
       | black foster kids on average spend twice as long in the system as
       | their white counterparts.[1]
       | 
       | [1] https://ij.org/press-release/institute-for-justice-
       | challenge...
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | nelson_muntz69 wrote:
       | It seems like official US policy to make things "cruel and
       | usual", effectively skirting the prohibition on punishments that
       | are cruel and unusual.
        
       | wombatmobile wrote:
       | Does it surprise anyone that more foster kids go to jail than
       | attend college?
       | 
       | What is the inevitable outcome of how our society is structured?
       | 
       | Our values come from television, which exists to serve
       | advertising.
       | 
       | Advertising works by appealing to selfishness, hedonism, and
       | self-doubt.
       | 
       | Who is going provide the time, thought, care, attention and
       | funding to give these unfortunate kids, alone in this world, the
       | confidence, skills, endurance, and self-belief to navigate the
       | education system and a society that's based on connection for
       | advancement?
       | 
       | The government? We're told that's a "swamp" that can't do
       | anything as efficiently as private enterprise.
       | 
       | Private enterprise? There's no profit in running foster homes.
       | 
       | The prison system? There's profit in that!
        
       | aminozuur wrote:
       | "Of the inmates who took the survey, 1 in 4 said they were the
       | product of foster care."
       | 
       | I really wish people understood the long term effects of
       | childhood trauma, and I hope parents can be considarate,
       | prepared, loving and financially stable before having children.
        
         | caeril wrote:
         | Social technologies like monogamy, marriage, church, community,
         | family, and even things we think of as "negative", like shame,
         | were developed to combat much of this.
         | 
         | Now we're running around tearing down Chesterton's fence every
         | time we see it, without bothering to ask why it was erected in
         | the first place.
         | 
         | As an atheist, it's becoming increasingly evident that atheism
         | has done great damage to society at large. We're foolish to
         | think that social technology that has worked for thousands of
         | years was only built (and replicated independently across
         | hundreds of disparate societies) because we were too
         | stupid/evil/backward to see real enlightenment.
        
           | marcinzm wrote:
           | Is it this or would these kids simply have been sent off to
           | child labor sweatshops, coal mines or the streets in the
           | past? Early death would mean they'd never see prison. Same
           | with many other social issues that in the past would have
           | simply been solved by letting someone die.
        
           | hntrader wrote:
           | > developed to combat much of this.
           | 
           | Or some of these customs, traditions and institutions evolved
           | to combat it through unconscious group selection. The
           | tribes/towns/cities/countries/groups that had superior civic
           | norms (superior defined as those norms which promote harmony,
           | prosperity, in-group cooperation, etc) tended to attract
           | immigrants, be capable of dominating geo-politically, etc,
           | and thus those cultural values become dominant through this
           | process of selection.
           | 
           | Also, while I think that explains things to a certain extent,
           | it's just part of the picture. Culture also come from (i)
           | self-interest, (ii) power asymmetries, and (iii) an
           | unintended by-product of our evolutionary
           | psychology/emotions/personalty traits such as
           | jealousy/disgust sensitivity among others. For example
           | jealousy mediating a desire for taxation (this has been
           | studied by psychologists, it is one of the three common
           | motives), or disgust sensitivity mediating a desire for
           | borders and authoritarian leaders.
        
           | DanBC wrote:
           | > Social technologies like monogamy, marriage, church,
           | community, and even things we think of as "negative", like
           | shame, were developed to combat much of this.
           | 
           | You may want to look at the long history of _severe_ abuse
           | perpetrated by the Church in their pursuit to  "combat this".
           | 
           | We've just seen the Irish Laundry report released and it's
           | fucking horrific.
           | 
           | https://www.history.com/news/magdalene-laundry-ireland-
           | asylu...
           | 
           | https://www.irishtimes.com/news/social-affairs/women-on-
           | seco...
           | 
           | https://www.irishtimes.com/news/social-affairs/treatment-
           | of-...
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | I don't want to minimize those abuses, but we have to be
             | cognizant of the destructive effects of hyper-focusing on
             | negative impacts on a small minority. Our outrage at the
             | mistreatment of the few drives us to tear down institutions
             | and social structures that might be serving critical
             | functions for the many.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | 20% of kids ages 10-15 in 1900 were working. Many in
               | horrible conditions and many probably died young as a
               | result. That's a lot more than the foster system
               | nowadays. Sending societies marginal people to an early
               | death after extracting some productivity out of them was
               | the historical solution to these problems as I see it.
               | 
               | Looking at the past with rose colored glasses is
               | dangerous.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Plus, violence rates and juvenile deliquency rates at the
               | time were not all that great. These debates always assume
               | that kids now are somehow bad generation, but they
               | actually statistically behave very well.
               | 
               | It can and should be improved, but that does not mean we
               | have to pretend that part was all that better.
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | Not to mention the large portion of young men from each
               | generation who, from the beginning of human society up
               | until ~1950 in the developed world, were killed in wars.
        
           | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
           | Do you have evidence that the foster care system was less
           | fucked up when religious institutions were stronger? Or
           | alternatively could you point to studies comparing religious
           | foster care vs nonreligious foster care?
           | 
           | Genuinely asking, because it never struck me that the foster
           | care system was ever not horrible in America.
        
             | yters wrote:
             | Also good to keep in mind that as bad as things are in the
             | US, things are much worse elsewhere. For example the
             | massive orphanages in the old soviet countries where
             | children are confined to little cribs all day, or in India
             | where many orphans roam the streets.
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | UK system after war was heavily reliant on nuns and monks
             | for running orphanages and work schools and such.
             | 
             | It was horrible match and there was huge amount of abuse
             | going on.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Not religious, but a friend of mine was in an award winning
             | state orphanage in the 1930s. (I haven't heard,but i
             | suppose he is dead now) They would beat kids with a wire
             | chineny brush if they slept with their heads in the pillow,
             | which is how they won those awards for how neat the beds
             | were.
             | 
             | There isn't a good answer to the problem of kids when the
             | parents don't care for them.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | I've come around to the conclusion that the "cognitive elite"
           | (for want of a better term) underestimate the degree of
           | social support and collective reinforcement normal people
           | need to make good life decisions. They themselves continue to
           | raise their kids in two-person households, etc. See:
           | https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-
           | tank/2015/12/04/education-a.... But they've helped chip away
           | at the culture around monogamy, marriage, churchgoing, etc.,
           | because they themselves don't need those things to help them
           | make good decisions.
           | 
           | It's like being overweight. Everyone knows what they _should
           | do_. Most people can 't do it, however, and there isn't much
           | social support for it. In Asian culture, we have all of this
           | social reinforcement about our weight and eating habits.
           | (Though south asians differ quite dramatically from east
           | asians with respect to what they consider fat.) In the U.S.,
           | you're left to fend for yourself. Some people go to the gym
           | regularly and eat healthy despite all of the cultural forces
           | working against those good decisions. But most people don't.
           | They just get fat.
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | All of those "social technologies" except one have nothing to
           | do with atheism. And the Church does not exactly have a
           | squeaky clean track record when it comes to orphans.
           | 
           | Add to the fact, often the most impoverished countries tend
           | to be more religious. You're not finding a strong correlation
           | to your point.
           | 
           | Poverty and education is a foremost problem.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | > Add to the fact, often the most impoverished countries
             | tend to be more religious.
             | 
             | Which way does that correlation run? Maybe impoverished
             | countries are especially in need of the social organization
             | provided by religion because, unlike rich countries, they
             | can't afford to "f--k around?" They can't just spend
             | government funds to deal with the negative social
             | consequences of out-of-wedlock births, divorces, etc.
        
         | dr-detroit wrote:
         | All the stable millennial are past the age where they can
         | produce children. Its a madhouse.
        
         | throwaway2a02 wrote:
         | > I hope parents can be considerate, prepared, loving and
         | financially stable before having children.
         | 
         | That's neither ethical, nor is it possible since reproduction
         | is such a strong biological drive. However, what is possible,
         | is having the government rethink social support, making sure
         | that each member of society has a safety net, and doesnt need
         | to worry about getting his basic needs met (food, water,
         | shelter etc). Basic income seems to be the best fit here.
         | 
         | This won't completely solve the problem, because food, shelter
         | will not heal the attachment problems of some people (people
         | also need companionship), but it will provide a stable base,
         | that is a radical improvement on today's status quo.
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | > That's neither ethical, nor is it possible since
           | reproduction is such a strong biological drive
           | 
           | What about this sentiment isn't _ethical_?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | LocalH wrote:
         | I also really wish people understood that it's time society
         | stops shrugging its collective shoulders and saying "not my
         | problem" when it comes to stuff like that. I don't have any
         | solutions, but there is a dire need for more institutional
         | compassion.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throwawayz8182z wrote:
         | Life isn't really that nice and tidy. It would be nice if it
         | were, but generally people are mostly good and sometimes
         | unplanned things happen. Intact families need to be a societal
         | goal.
         | 
         | My parents were definitely not financially stable. I grew up in
         | the equivalent of what the US would call "the projects" but a
         | key difference was that it was a community. There was a rec
         | center, a school, groceries, health care all within a couple of
         | enclosed city blocks. Average income was poverty level. All of
         | the services reduced burdens on the parents who often worked
         | two jobs. My mom had two jobs, my dad had two jobs.
         | 
         | If you use an iPhone, you are using my code. If you played a
         | Wii game in the last decade, you're using my code. Many more
         | examples. That's how far I came and most of my friends went as
         | far if not farther. One of us manages a global tech
         | organization now.
         | 
         | Most kids I know who didn't do well or treaded water were the
         | product of contentious divorces as this was the time when "rah
         | rah women's liberation" was at its height and many men were
         | kicked out of their family. I still remember my friend
         | lamenting to me that the only time he can see is father is
         | during school lunches. That friend did better than he would
         | have because he basically lived at my house as a result of his
         | family situation.
         | 
         | Surprisingly, in this area, there were fewer such divorces than
         | the general population. I have looked up the stats.
         | 
         | Raising kids is not hard but somehow we went from village to
         | complete independence. We need to go back to a village mindset.
         | We are all in it together or we will all feel the pain one day.
        
           | geofft wrote:
           | The historic reason many religions/societies looked down on
           | divorce is that it left the woman worse off - the man would
           | be able to work and fend for himself but the woman would have
           | few options.
           | 
           | The fact that in out modern world many women (in heterosexual
           | relationships) are the ones who _desire_ to leave, and can
           | reasonably fend for themselves, is pretty novel, and we haven
           | 't figured out how to adjust the rest of our social
           | structures to account for it. It is a good thing that women
           | can leave relationships where they're being mistreated and be
           | better off on their own, but it means we need to rethink
           | designs elsewhere in society that were based on the
           | assumption that they wouldn't.
           | 
           | I agree with you about the village mindset, and it's kind of
           | the most robust option. Even ignoring divorce, a parent can
           | be emotionally incompetent at caring for children, and
           | certainly can be called to work (or fight) elsewhere, can get
           | sick and/or die, etc. We should be ensuring children have
           | multiple backup options if their own parents are unavailable
           | for whatever reason.
        
             | treeman79 wrote:
             | Most, not all, Kids with single moms I know have turned
             | into horrible people.
             | 
             | Giving them everything they want, making excuses, and Lack
             | of discipline were primary reasons.
             | 
             | The friend I know who did well had a strict non nonsense
             | mom.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | loopz wrote:
             | Many of the laws and rules of societies in the past and
             | most in the present, have always been about domination and
             | control of women. Even women would join in on this, in
             | order to subjugate younger females to societal order. It
             | can be explained to survive hard times and trials, but is
             | also mostly about injustice and inequality for different
             | traits.
             | 
             | Though the females are regarded as assets, they're not
             | allowed agency, freedom and inherent value. This is the
             | history and hurt that is behind most of feminism of today,
             | and there are still remnants in Western societies. Not
             | because the laws and rules today are inherently
             | discriminatory, but the cultural expression still inhibits
             | life for half the population in many cases.
             | 
             | I'll leave it as an exercise for the reader what this may
             | mean for BLM.
        
               | loopz wrote:
               | _I_ can of course back it up past the HN filter:
               | https://duckduckgo.com/?q=laws+against+women&ia=web
        
           | bsanr2 wrote:
           | I think the important thing to take out of this situation
           | isn't so much, "Every family needs to have a father," as it
           | is, "Every community needs to be able to respond to the
           | realities of its constituent family situations." Women's
           | liberation ends with a net positive for a modern economy, but
           | whenever norms are roiled, you have people caught in the
           | confusion who fall through the cracks. I was a victim of a
           | similar situation, where the leadership and curriculum of my
           | major at my alma mater was in "transition" while I was
           | attending; this meant spending entire courses on outdated
           | technology or learning current standards from older
           | professors who barey understood them themselves. There was
           | nothing wrong with the new paradigms, but getting caught
           | between the old and new was what squandered the potential of
           | a lot of us.
           | 
           | Ideally, you forecast these shifts and make preparations,
           | rather than being dragged into the future, as seems to be
           | what happens with institutions responding to these civil
           | rights social movements.
           | 
           | But I agree that support systems, rather than "grit" or
           | "personal agency", are almost always the most important
           | aspect of healthy development, in pretty much any arena.
           | Teaching, job training, child rearing, legislation
           | development, entrepreneurship, on an on, the failures happen
           | when people decide or are expected to go it alone.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | Kids who grew in foster care don't have dad nor mom. They are
           | not product of divorce as much as lack of any parent at all.
        
             | batch12 wrote:
             | The hard part usually is that you do have a Dad or Mom, but
             | for whatever reason can't be with them.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | "Raising kids is not hard.."
           | 
           | non-parent typing detected. :)
        
           | seneca wrote:
           | > Raising kids is not hard but somehow we went from village
           | to complete independence. We need to go back to a village
           | mindset.
           | 
           | Raising kids IS hard in modern America. Agreed that it
           | doesn't have to be, and that the disintegration of societal
           | structures is a huge part of why. Unfortunately, all signs
           | point to it getting worse, not better.
           | 
           | I bring up his research a lot it seems, but Robert Putnam
           | published Bowling Alone, which is about the utter collapse of
           | American Civil Society and social ties, in 2000. The
           | statistics were daunting then, and I doubt many people would
           | disagree that we're worse off today than we were 20 years
           | ago.
           | 
           | I'm old enough that I remember living in a US that still had
           | plentiful communities. I worry about the children being
           | raised in our modern transactional society. I take comfort in
           | knowing old men have worried about these things since the
           | dawn of civilization though.
        
           | throwaway3699 wrote:
           | Breakdown of family and community seems to be the big trend
           | of the past few decades. I'm saddened to say that I don't see
           | a real solution, and I expect some kind of cultural collapse
           | to occur as a result. We're already seeing some of the
           | effects of this today.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | It was a deliberate choice Americans made as a society. In
             | Bangladesh, we have strong norms in favor of marriage and
             | strong taboos against divorce. There is a whole social
             | infrastructure for helping people enter marriage with
             | realistic notions and expectations, and counseling couples
             | through rough patches. It's not perfect by any means, but
             | strong family and community bonds make life tolerable in a
             | desperately poor country. And of course, unlike the United
             | States, we can't afford to just throw government money at
             | the problems created by out-of-wedlock births, marriages
             | dissolving over solvable problems, etc.
             | 
             | It's truly not clear to me that the choice we made in
             | America is the correct one. My wife's family is full of
             | wonderful and loving people, they are suffering from our
             | country's social dissolution (which has hit non-college
             | educated people outside major metro areas especially hard).
             | _Nearly everyone_ is divorced, often several times over.
             | Grandparents raise their grandchildren. Fathers are in some
             | cases are absent entirely. Children grow up without
             | stability. And now folks are getting close to retirement
             | age with divorces having devastated their finances.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Are you sure that Bangladesh juvenile deliquency rates
               | are all that much better then the ones in USA? Because
               | looking at Bangladesh, they have pretty serious social
               | problems in that area.
               | 
               | Strong norms in favor of marriage and strong taboos
               | against divorce also however go with larger rates of
               | domestic violence rates and no way out. That the
               | perpetrators of those don't end up in jail does not make
               | such society better behaved or less criminal/violent.
               | Just tolerant of violence toward some people.
        
               | astura wrote:
               | This makes no sense. "Strong norms in favor of marriage
               | and strong taboos against divorce" do not fix these
               | issues.
               | 
               | I grew up with my parents married. They were married
               | before I was born and are still married now. That didn't
               | and doesn't stop the abuse, the mistreatment, the violent
               | rages, the substance abuse, the mental illness, or the
               | cruelty. I wished every day State authorities would come
               | take us away because the alternative couldn't possibly be
               | worse than this. They never came and I never had the
               | courage to tell anyone. I just had to suffer.
               | 
               | The system failed me badly, but it would have failed me
               | worse if the authorities did come and said "well your
               | parents are married and you have food to eat and a bed to
               | sleep in. Looks good."
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > This makes no sense. "Strong norms in favor of marriage
               | and strong taboos against divorce" do not fix these
               | issues.
               | 
               | Kids end up in foster care for many reasons, and its not
               | necessarily because their parents are violent and
               | abusive. The ubiquity of single parenthood, for example,
               | dramatically increases the risk that a child will end up
               | in foster care if anything happens to the remaining
               | parent. Likewise, in a society where divorce and single
               | parenthood are ubiquitous, other members of the family
               | are much less likely to be in a position to take in a
               | child when something happens to his or her parents.
               | 
               | I'm not suggesting we do away with social workers who can
               | check in on kids in abusive situations. To the contrary,
               | if social workers weren't overwhelmed taking care of a
               | large number of kids who are in challenging circumstances
               | simply because their dad doesn't feel like being a dad,
               | or for other mundane, solvable reasons, they would have
               | far more attention and resources to devote to kids
               | suffering from alcoholism, physical and sexual abuse,
               | etc., in their families.
        
               | retrac wrote:
               | Eh, I sort of disagree. Like, I am fully convinced many
               | marriages are not healthy and the appropriate thing for
               | the partners is to end it. But I've seen people end
               | marriages that were probably perfectly salvageable,
               | without even trying to really save it. One bump in the
               | road and they're calling for a separation.
               | 
               | We've entered a transactional phase where your partner is
               | supposed to show up perfect, well-adjusted and no work on
               | your part for a healthy relationship is required. Not
               | working? Ditch 'em and try again. That's the other
               | extreme, sort of the exact opposite of staying due to
               | social pressure with someone you hate and makes you
               | unhappy, and it's also unhealthy.
        
               | danbolt wrote:
               | I've never usually been able to tell if a relationship
               | was salvageable or not, from both being in one and
               | observing someone else's. It's almost always come down to
               | some "to be, or not to be" moment where someone has to
               | make a fuzzy decision.
               | 
               | Do you feel like there's a good way of measuring whether
               | a relationship is worth saving or not?
        
               | deathgrips wrote:
               | Step one is understanding what the problem is. Most
               | people in a relationship have been arguing about the same
               | inane shit for years that they can't take a step back and
               | look at the big-picture perspective of the problem in
               | their relationship. They might see it as "My wife doesn't
               | want to move to another city I got a fantastic job offer
               | in" but the real problem might be something like "my wife
               | values her social connections in this city" or "my wife
               | doesn't want to interrupt her own career because that
               | provides her a sense of security". Some of these
               | underlying issues can be resolved or negotiated, some
               | can't. If you're dealing with a meta-problem like "my
               | husband is unwilling to compromise on anything" or "my
               | wife has contempt for me", it's quite unlikely that you
               | can fix that and impossible that you can just come to an
               | agreement on that.
        
               | leetcrew wrote:
               | > Do you feel like there's a good way of measuring
               | whether a relationship is worth saving or not?
               | 
               | kinda depends on what you're looking for in a
               | relationship. all relationships take some level of effort
               | and compromise to maintain. however you measure the
               | "value" of a relationship, it has to at least be better
               | than being single to be worth the trouble. I'd say a
               | relationship is worth saving if a) both partners agree it
               | is better than being single and b) both are willing to
               | take on a roughly symmetrical share of the effort and
               | compromise.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > Not working? Ditch 'em and try again
               | 
               | There used to be pro-familly policies in USA that
               | basically assumed that is male is in the house, the male
               | is responsible to be breadwinner. That meant that if
               | there was make, woman would not get social support money
               | on her nor on kid.
               | 
               | They were even quicker to kick unemployed male out due to
               | that - his presence meant they risk support. It sucked,
               | imo.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | In Ireland, there were strong norms in favor of marriage
               | and strong taboos against divorce, and all those other
               | things.
               | 
               | There was also a semi-hidden system of forced labour for
               | those women that _did_ have children out of wedlock. The
               | "mother and baby" homes. The amount of abuse involved was
               | horrific and the country is still untangling and
               | confronting it decades later.
               | 
               | Be wary of changing a system where the abuse is borne
               | silently because there is no way out for one that makes
               | it visible and thinking that is worse because just now
               | you can see it.
               | 
               | Divorce rates are on their way down in the West. The
               | transition period is definitely rough, but eventually the
               | cultural norms adapt.
               | 
               | I would be interested to see if you canvas the views of
               | Bangladeshi women on the comparative systems.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > Divorce rates are on their way down in the West. The
               | transition period is definitely rough, but eventually the
               | cultural norms adapt.
               | 
               | Divorce rates are down, but so are marriage and birth
               | rates. The "cultural norms" are "adapting," but don't
               | appear to be adapting in a direction that combines
               | modernity with population stability in a steady state.
               | 
               | Much of "the west" is now dependent on people from more
               | traditional cultures (in Europe, Muslims, in the United
               | States, Latinos). That's not an anti-immigration rant
               | (I'm a Bangladeshi immigrant to the United States). My
               | point is that anything we call a "successful culture"
               | should probably be self-sustaining in the steady state.
               | If divorce rates in the west are declining mainly because
               | nobody is getting married (and nobody is having kids)
               | then you don't actually have a successful culture. It
               | might be great for all the freedoms it provides, but on
               | its own it will cease to exist eventually.
               | 
               | In a way it's a sort of arbitrage. If everyone in the
               | world acted like Germans, it would be nice for a while,
               | but humanity would cease to exist. There is an illusion
               | of sustainability that is being provided by people from
               | traditional cultures--with their traditional views on
               | marriage and child-rearing, etc.
        
               | sct202 wrote:
               | Birth rates in Bangladesh are also down below replacement
               | level despite the traditional culture you keep
               | mentioning.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | There has been a sustained, multi-decade governmental,
               | social, and cultural effort to reduce birth rates to deal
               | with overpopulation. It's a very strong foot on the
               | brake. (My dad was closely involved in this effort in
               | Bangladesh as a public health expert.)
        
               | fulafel wrote:
               | Population stability at current level would be bad, it's
               | higly unsustainable.
               | 
               | To make matters worse, we now have instability in the
               | wrong direction: population is predicted to grow for
               | 50-100 years still, peaking at 11 billion.
               | 
               | The other variable is resource consumption per capita,
               | both will need to go down after the current spurt to
               | counter severe overpopulation problems globally.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | There are local overpopulation problems, but globally
               | overpopulation isn't a problem. https://www.vox.com/the-
               | big-idea/2017/12/12/16766872/overpop...
        
               | fulafel wrote:
               | Yeah, thats an opinion piece from an AEI (neocon think
               | tank) pundit.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | He's qualified to offer an opinion on the issue
               | 
               | > I also approach this problem as a regional economist
               | specializing in migration, so I also think of the
               | American population issue through the lens of population
               | density comparisons.
               | 
               | Here's the same view from Matt Yglesias, solidly left-
               | wing journalist:
               | https://wdet.org/posts/2020/09/24/90064-vox-matthew-
               | yglesias...
               | 
               | Also Scientific American:
               | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-malthus-
               | is-st...
        
               | dashundchen wrote:
               | > It was a deliberate choice Americans made as a society.
               | In Bangladesh, we have strong norms in favor of marriage
               | and strong taboos against divorce
               | 
               | The argument about shame based "norms" keeping people
               | together aside, it was in many places, quite literally
               | the law that forced women to stay with their husbands.
               | 
               | Up until the 70s and later, in many US states it was:
               | 
               | * Legal to rape your spouse
               | 
               | * Legal to restrict a woman's access to contraceptives
               | 
               | * Illegal for a woman to abort an unwanted pregnancy,
               | even due to rape or incest (the previous two combined
               | with the first essentially stripping a women's autonomy
               | to decide when and how many children to have)
               | 
               | * Illegal for women to work in certain careers/legal to
               | discriminate on whether a woman was pregnant or had
               | children
               | 
               | * Legal to prevent a woman from opening a bank account or
               | line of credit without their husband's consent
               | 
               | This was more the case in some places vs others, but talk
               | to an older women in the US what the culture was like for
               | women then. The women's liberation movement happened in
               | reaction to severe oppression and we absolutely should
               | not consider reverting to a society before then.
               | 
               | EDIT: Yikes. I was curious about the norms in Bangladesh.
               | I don't think Bangladesh should be held as an example for
               | anything related to marriage.
               | 
               | https://www.girlsnotbrides.org/child-marriage/bangladesh/
               | 
               | > 59% of girls in Bangladesh are married before their
               | 18th birthday and 22% are married before the age of 15.
               | 
               | > Bangladesh has the third highest prevalence of child
               | marriage in the world, and the second highest absolute
               | number of women married or in a union before the age of
               | 18 globally - 4,382,000.
               | 
               | > 4% of boys are married before the age of 18.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > The argument about shame based "norms" keeping people
               | together aside, it was in many places, quite literally
               | the law that forced women to stay with their husbands.
               | 
               | So you wave aside my actual argument, about norms, then
               | proceed to refute a straw man? Let's posit that laws
               | against spousal rape and gender discrimination are good
               | things. Are those the only things that have changed in
               | our culture and in the laws? Can we have laws allowing
               | people to escape abusive marriages, while discouraging
               | the vastly larger number of divorces that don't involve
               | those things?
               | 
               | More than half of Americans, including over 40% of
               | _Democrats_ , disagree with the proposition that
               | "changing gender roles have made it easier for women to
               | live satisfying lives."
               | https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2017/10/18/wide-partisan-
               | gap.... By contrast, just 10% think that contraceptives
               | should be banned. There is clearly a significant number
               | of people who think the changes you list are good things,
               | while disagreeing that all of the social changes that
               | have happened are good.
               | 
               | There is in fact widespread discontentment about the
               | status quo among women. Women report wanting more kids
               | than they end up having. Women report wanting to get
               | married but being unable to do so. Many women aren't
               | super thrilled about a culture where people call them
               | "crazy" for wanting normal things like a marriage and
               | kids at the biologically normal ages (20s) for having
               | those things. (This is completely unsurprising, because
               | women disproportionately bear the burdens of our social
               | changes that have freed men from the responsibilities of
               | fatherhood.)
               | 
               | As to Bangladesh--it's a poor agrarian society that
               | suffers from the problems endemic to poor agrarian
               | societies. In particular, strong economic incentives to
               | marry off girls. My dad, in fact, works on public health
               | programs to discourage child marriage in Bangladesh. But
               | there's a pretty big gap between child marriage
               | (something most Bangladeshis agree we should eradicate)
               | on one hand, and normalizing and enabling pervasive
               | divorce and out of wedlock childbirth on the other.
               | 
               | But on the flip side of all that, Bangladeshi society is
               | at least somewhat functional despite crushing poverty.
               | What would Bangladeshi villages be like if men could
               | decide, like in America, that they don't want the
               | responsibilities of fatherhood and it was socially
               | acceptable for them to abandon their families? The
               | society would break down completely. Death and calamity
               | would result, because unlike in America the government
               | can't afford to throw money at the social ills that would
               | result.
        
               | lawnchair_larry wrote:
               | _What would Bangladeshi villages be like if men could
               | decide, like in America, that they don't want the
               | responsibilities of fatherhood and it was socially
               | acceptable for them to abandon their families? The
               | society would break down completely. Death and calamity
               | would result, because unlike in America the government
               | can't afford to throw money at the social ills that would
               | result._
               | 
               | And that's exactly what we see in places like Chicago,
               | but nobody who is allowed to speak can put 2 and 2
               | together. Except when Barack Obama mentioned it that one
               | time, which was promptly forgotten.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Another thing that changed is that American women are
               | less likely to be murdered by their partners - as in
               | proportion of those murders went down. That is while
               | murders went down. Ability to leave verbally abusive
               | partner that is like that in private without being
               | reduced to powerty is a big thing. It is possible to
               | prove violence, but super hard to prove verbal abuse. And
               | verbal abuse can be even worse.
               | 
               | As of Bangladeshi, look up their domestic violence
               | reports and juvenile deliquency reports. The domestic
               | violence is basically normal and accepted part of life.
               | And we are taking about pretty severe stuff - murders,
               | acid attacks, serious beatings. Juvenile deliquency is
               | huge problem.
               | 
               | Death and calamity are Bangladeshi life pretty often, in
               | particular if you are woman. And kids get to watch all
               | that and are affected by all of that, creating cycle of
               | trauma and violence.
               | 
               | It is not better for children to be with violent parent
               | nor is ot good for them to see one parent attack the
               | other. Yes, out of wedlock or divorce is better for them
               | then domestic violence situation.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | The homicide rate in Bangladesh is half of what it is in
               | the US, and not far off from wealthy countries with gun
               | control, like Canada or Belgium. Yes, there are a lot of
               | bad things that happen in Bangladesh--it's a very poor
               | country, with limited law and order, political unrest,
               | and significant problems with organized crime and gangs.
               | One wonders what things would be like if--on top of all
               | of that--more than a quarter of kids were growing up
               | fatherless like in the US.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | The impact of single parenthood is much lower then you
               | assume.
               | 
               | American crime rates went down considerably. So did
               | juvenile violence rates, drug taking and alcoholism. And
               | teenage pregnancies went down too. All the while divorces
               | went up. Stop demonizing kids of single parents and for
               | that matter Americans.
               | 
               | Also, American domestic violence rates went down. While
               | the reporting of it went up as women can get actual help
               | nowdays, so there is a point in doing it. These would not
               | even count as crimes in many of "harmonious" families
               | with taboo around divorce.
               | 
               | Also, in Americans crime statistics, murders are higher
               | relative to other crimes, because of prevalence of guns.
               | America is not perfect, but it's youth is way better then
               | you make them be due to your strong bias against kids who
               | had divorced parents.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | I'm not "demonizing" anyone. But it's important to look
               | at social changes not only with an eye to how they affect
               | individuals, but how they affect everyone. We can't just
               | sympathize with the kids of single parents, but must find
               | the sympathy and kindness to ask whether there are more
               | such kids than there should be and whether there is
               | anything we can do about that.
               | 
               | The U.S. leads the world in the percentage of children
               | raised in single parent families:
               | https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/12/12/u-s-
               | childre.... Over 30% of kids don't live with both
               | parents. There are a raft of statistically established
               | negative consequences arising from the absence of both
               | parents, ranging from trouble at school to criminal
               | conduct, to obesity and depression: https://www.mnpsych.o
               | rg/index.php%3Foption%3Dcom_dailyplanet....
               | 
               | (As to "bias against Americans." On the issues of
               | marriage and family, a lot of the things that are
               | "normal" in America are deemed at best highly regrettable
               | where I'm from. Now I'm as much of a flag waver as the
               | next immigrant. But in this particular area I'm not
               | convinced that Americans are on the right track.)
        
               | xref wrote:
               | > So you wave aside my actual argument, about norms, then
               | proceed to refute a straw man?
               | 
               | He eviscerated your actual argument that Bangladeshi
               | marriage norms are something to aspire, considering how
               | they treat 60% of their under age 18 girls (but 4% of
               | their boys).
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Try being an Ahmedi in Bangladesh and get back to me.
        
               | yters wrote:
               | It seems there could be a middle way where marriage is
               | strongly supported by society with provisions to protect
               | against abuse. Our current extreme is no better as it
               | destroys the lives of many children.
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | The War on Drugs is a big factor on this. Basically an
             | attempt to reinstate slavery via the criminal justice
             | system created a whole generation of absent fathers.
        
             | rtx wrote:
             | Solution is sacrifice, some marketing genius can bring it
             | back in fashion.
        
         | moocowtruck wrote:
         | I've adopted two special needs orphans from another country..
         | and the childhood trauma is by and far the worst thing for a
         | child. I could ramble on for a long time about this!
         | 
         | What we need are more caring people to adopt, and put their
         | words to action, and give these kids good home. The problem is
         | everyone says it's a problem but not enough people want to do
         | it because it would be an inconvenience to their daily lives or
         | some other excuse.
         | 
         | It is easily doable for all the worlds orphans to be adopted by
         | good families, if only we could get people to see the good they
         | could be doing
         | 
         | Money does not help, people help!
        
           | JustSomeNobody wrote:
           | > What we need are more caring people to adopt, and put their
           | words to action, and give these kids good home.
           | 
           | We do need this, but we also need loving, caring people to
           | foster. We've been fostering for over 6 years and every one
           | of our kids have gone home to family. That should be the
           | goal. People like to think, "oh I'd be able to provide for
           | this kid much better than their family." Maybe that's true
           | financially. But family is family and if there's ANY way to
           | reunite the family, that should be the way forward.
        
             | moocowtruck wrote:
             | Sure if they can get back to family that is fine, but that
             | is a small fraction of the issue, most of my work is in
             | international adoption with special needs kids that rot
             | tied to a crib with the occasional porridge in a bottle
             | shoved down their throat.. honestly leaving them like this
             | is for sure a human atrocity, I have to ask myself quite
             | often if most are better off dying than sitting for years
             | slowly dying. Those are the types of kids I'm advocating
             | for that people pick up the ball and do what you can,
             | obviously i support any sort of adoption or fostering! The
             | reality is, any ounce of love anyone can give is better
             | than what they get, bring them home, feed them 3 times a
             | day clean them! that's like heaven for these kids
        
           | kaitai wrote:
           | We need reform in the system, though. I know two heterosexual
           | couples in different states with decent jobs, good finances,
           | deep desire to adopt, commitment. (I mention heterosexual
           | only because there has long been stigma against same-sex
           | couples adopting, and this is a stigma these folks don't
           | face.) They've gone through the foster training, the adoption
           | training, the social worker meetings, the enormous legal
           | fees. They've both been working to adopt for over four years.
           | One couple, I think matches have fallen through three times?
           | They were trying to adopt an older kid through the foster
           | system and were willing to take siblings, so you think they'd
           | be home free. But no. Match, courts change their mind; match,
           | courts change their mind, etc. The other has had only one
           | match fall through -- it was a baby and they got the clothes,
           | got the crib ready, and mom changed her mind.
           | 
           | Something is wrong with the system in America when I've got a
           | child who can now write their name and that took less time
           | from beginning to present than getting a single adoption from
           | the foster system accomplished. Those matches that failed?
           | Those kids are still in foster care.
        
           | croissants wrote:
           | My personal response is that it seems like raising your own
           | biological offspring, even with all of the lizard-brain this-
           | will-eventually-pass-on-my-genes bonus, is already hard for a
           | lot of people --- look at all of the internet threads asking
           | if people regret having kids --- so subtracting off the
           | biological offspring bonus and adopting seems like it would
           | be very difficult. Add in the trauma already experienced by
           | children in the foster system, and it gets even harder. Then
           | I wonder if I'm the kind of person who can love a difficult
           | child, and I wonder how good it is for a child to grow up
           | with a parent who deep-down sees them as an object of
           | responsibility rather than love. Of course, strong bonds
           | between adopted parents and children are certainly possible,
           | but it is in the end harder, right?
           | 
           | I admire your pragmatic embrace of working on this problem; I
           | also think chalking up the cost of adoption as "an
           | inconvenience to...daily lives" is...underselling it?
        
             | moocowtruck wrote:
             | loving a difficult child is hard! but there are varying
             | degree's of difficult, violent difficult i can understand
             | that is an immense challenge and i definitely don't
             | recommend people to take that on unless they are prepared
             | and sometimes you don't know, yes this situation really
             | sucks!
             | 
             | I don't know what there is to regret about having kids, yep
             | its difficult but everything worth doing is difficult!
             | Adoption is definitely very difficult, especially the kind
             | I did, international adoption of special needs children. My
             | family didn't understand, many people in the public don't
             | understand, and if they somewhat do they ask why I didn't
             | adopt an american child, to me a child is a child.
             | 
             | I will say any ounce of love you can give these kids is
             | better than what they have, seriously, the things I've
             | seen.. picture your life from age 1 - 16, tied to a crib,
             | malnourished, not educated, treated like a feral animal
             | weighing under 100 lbs now, and all kinds of spine issues
             | because you were not ever allowed to walk! Or if you are
             | lucky enough to be in a place you can develop a bit, but
             | then you are molested and abused but still have the
             | intellect of a feral animal.
             | 
             | Many of these kids don't know what bonds of love are, but
             | they can still form even tiny bits of it, and there will be
             | times you think ..why the hell did i do this, but there are
             | times when you think i am so happy i did this, you push
             | through those hard times, get support from friends etc and
             | the life of that kid will be a million times better than
             | the life they would have had.
             | 
             | I think people don't give themselves enough credit, and
             | somewhere inside i know they could do it, I never thought I
             | could do it. One thing I do know is, if we all sit around
             | questioning what we can't do we never will know what we
             | could do and in the meantime children are suffering. I'm
             | actually internally battling the want to adopt a third
             | child vs being at limit!
             | 
             | Oh also adopting is an expensive venture, i went into debts
             | to do this so i recommend to anyone get familiar with the
             | community of adoptive parents and let them help fund raise.
             | 
             | But yes overall I think it's a huge problem that gets
             | little attention, and once and awhile you will see a super
             | sad advertisement on TV and hear everyone whine about how
             | bad it made them feel and how they shouldn't show those
             | kinds of ads. Big disappointment to me when i hear that, I
             | feel like its more rug sweeping under
             | 
             | ah well
        
         | krona wrote:
         | Having the father present in the raising of a boy basically
         | solves the problem. Having a job helps.
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | This is survivorship bias. Is it better to have no father or
           | criminal, drug addicted, violently abusive fathers?
        
             | krspykrm wrote:
             | Do you want the actual answer or are you trying to make a
             | point with a rhetorical question you assume you know the
             | answer to?
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | I have an idea of answer but I can't know for sure.
        
           | DanBC wrote:
           | Not if the father is violent, or dependent on alcohol or
           | drugs, or sexually abusive.
        
           | trentnix wrote:
           | Yep.
           | 
           | In all the talk about _privilege_ assigned to race or wealth,
           | the reality is that the most beneficial _privilege_ one can
           | enjoy is the love, guidance, and support that comes from a
           | two-parent home.
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | it's depressing how your comment feels so insightful
             | instead of just plainly obvious.
        
           | aminozuur wrote:
           | Well said. Having a good father can be key. Just google
           | "fatherlessness statistics" to see the data.
           | 
           | I grew up fatherlesness myself and it left me feeling weak
           | growing up. As a child, I had to figure everything out by
           | myself.
        
             | loopz wrote:
             | If it's any comfort, you can have a father and still become
             | "fatherless", or better off without one.
        
               | astura wrote:
               | Yep, grew up with a father physically present, the only
               | thing I learned from him is how unlovable I am.
               | 
               | I had to figure everything out myself too.
        
             | bigfudge wrote:
             | The problem here is confounding. Do we think there are no
             | causes of fatherlessness that are also causes of poorer
             | life outcomes (hint: there are plenty). Given this it's
             | very hard to see clearly how much impact this makes, all
             | the personal anecdotes here notwithstanding.
        
               | worker767424 wrote:
               | Except I don't think a single parent has enough time to
               | properly raise a kid.
        
           | elliekelly wrote:
           | I think you might be mistaking correlation with causation.
           | Are men raised by lesbians entering the prison system at the
           | same rate as men raised by single mothers? I doubt it.
        
             | NDizzle wrote:
             | Not enough data yet, as that's a recent thing.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | bsanr2 wrote:
             | My understanding, from a long-ago report which I cannot
             | find, was that the children of lesbian couples do better
             | than average: higher college admission rates, lower prison
             | rates. It was thought that the relative difficulty of
             | having children as a lesbian couple (including, in the case
             | of adoption, which is understandably more prevalent among
             | such couples, state approval) means that they're better
             | prepared for child-rearing.
        
             | draugadrotten wrote:
             | > Are men raised by lesbians entering the prison system at
             | the same rate as men raised by single mothers?
             | 
             | Now that is a question that researchers won't ask nor tell.
        
               | danbolt wrote:
               | Why do you feel that's the case?
        
         | samoa42 wrote:
         | as a parent i can tell you that _NOONE_ is prepared before
         | having children and that there will be times when your
         | consideration and love leave you alone and you gonna fuck up.
         | 
         | but dont read this too negative, kids are the best there is!
         | 
         | and while a lot of the hn audience may think like:
         | 
         | > I hope parents can be considarate, prepared, loving and
         | financially stable before having children.
         | 
         | if you wait til everyting is "perfect", you loose to the
         | despicable retards that dont care.
        
           | bigfudge wrote:
           | While I agree with the core of your argument, we don't need
           | terms like "despicable retards" here. It cheapens the debate
           | and makes it harder for people to agree with you.
        
           | knuthsat wrote:
           | Problem is that children suck up all the time. So I would
           | pretty much wait until I want to spend time on children and
           | not on my stuff or my partners stuff.
           | 
           | I'd probably have children when I'm retired, whatever age
           | that be.
        
             | xyzelement wrote:
             | Somehow rings hollow to me.
             | 
             | There's never time unless we prioritize. Plenty of people
             | are great parents despite being busy.
             | 
             | My rabbi has ten kids. Ten. And he is still able to run the
             | congregation which is probably not less demanding than
             | whatever you do (statistically speaking). This kind of
             | thing is common in certain communities.
             | 
             | So it's possible just a question of what's important to
             | you. If kids fall behind brunch and posting on HN then yes
             | we are too busy :)
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Families with many kids do less well tho statistically -
               | boys have more behavioral problems and girls do less good
               | in school. There is simply less time for parents to be
               | able to give the kids individual attention. It is
               | possible that rabbis congregation leaves enough time to
               | give individual attention to kids.
               | 
               | But I bet his wife is the one who does overwhelming
               | majority of leading kids and care. Because with standard
               | 40 hours and 6 kids he would already be impossibly
               | stretched.
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | > if you wait til everyting is "perfect", you loose to the
           | despicable retards that dont care.
           | 
           | I've never viewed having a child as a competition. What am I
           | losing?
        
         | JustSomeNobody wrote:
         | My SO and I are foster parents. I, too, wish more people were
         | trauma informed. We live in a "just suck it up" society, but
         | kiddos in care, because of the trauma they've experienced, have
         | brains that have developed physically different to kiddos
         | who've grown up in a nurturing and caring environment. They
         | can't "just suck it up".
         | 
         | I think we have to be careful when we say "be financially
         | stable before having kids" though. Not that we shouldn't be,
         | but we can't just let certain classes of people have kids.
         | Also, those who are stable now are one accident or emergency or
         | job loss, etc. away from being unstable.
         | 
         | Edit: I think what I said might be unclear. IOW, having kids
         | should NOT be dependent on your financial state.
        
           | geofft wrote:
           | (I assume you mean "we can't just _not_ let certain classes
           | of people have kids "?)
        
             | JustSomeNobody wrote:
             | I mean, having a kid should not depend on one's financial
             | state.
        
           | throwaway3699 wrote:
           | Almost everyone is just one job loss away from being
           | unstable. If you have kids then it's 10x more likely. What
           | you're suggesting is just impractical.
           | 
           | Even the professional classes have instability issues. E.g.
           | just look at how stable a high flying banking executive was
           | in 2008. Or tech workers in the 2000s.
           | 
           | We should make it cheaper to have kids, rather than expecting
           | people to wait until they're millionaires.
        
             | JustSomeNobody wrote:
             | I edited my comment, I think it may clear up what I mean.
        
             | bigfudge wrote:
             | Agree wholeheartedly. In addition, young parents have lots
             | of advantages over older ones which we miss if we wait
             | until career 100% sorted. The sleep deprivation alone would
             | have been much easier in my 20s!
        
           | nitrogen wrote:
           | _having kids should NOT be dependent on your financial
           | state._
           | 
           | Why not? Choosing to have kids one can't feed and making
           | decisions that will require taking resources from others by
           | force is the definition of neglect.
        
             | wing-_-nuts wrote:
             | >making decisions that will require taking resources from
             | others by force is the definition of neglect
             | 
             | I'm gona walk right past the 'taxation is theft' dog
             | whistle.
             | 
             | You can talk about 'personal responsibility' all you want,
             | but at the end of the day, the urge to have kids is
             | probably our second strongest drive as a species. Babies
             | are gona happen. When they do, they should be fully
             | supported as much as necessary to make sure parents and
             | children get what they need at a base level. I don't mind
             | my taxes paying for baby formula and diapers. We should
             | probably fund daycare too. This is that 'equality of
             | opportunity' conservatives are so fond of in place of
             | 'equality of outcomes'. Well, if that's true, at the very
             | least we need to make sure that everyone gets the bare
             | essentials to properly raise a child.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | It isn't nearly as expensive to have kids as you might
             | think. Food when you cook is cheap. Clothing from goodwill
             | is cheap.
        
           | aminozuur wrote:
           | Well spoken. I agree with your assesment about what I said
           | regarding having 'finances in order'. Love and care is much
           | more important than money. Parents need enough money to not
           | have stress (which can affect children).
        
         | geofft wrote:
         | There will always be parents who aren't, for whatever reason.
         | Apart from all the usual reasons you'd think of - you can get a
         | sudden illness and die. You can be a victim of a major crime. A
         | novel coronavirus combined with incompetent government response
         | can wreck your job prospects (unlikely as that may be). Your
         | employer can go bankrupt, or the markets can crash and take
         | your savings with it. A natural disaster can destroy your house
         | and everything in it. You could be drafted. "Financially
         | stable" is a pretty temporary state for the vast majority of
         | the world.
         | 
         | The realistic question is - what is the considerate, prepared,
         | and loving response of a financially stable _society_ when
         | these things inevitably happen?
        
       | nixass wrote:
       | Need to fill the pockets of private prison owners + local
       | government who allowed them
        
       | Sevii wrote:
       | My Dad fosters what seems like an unending stream of kids. The
       | parents have a drug problem and end up losing their kids. Once
       | the parents get their shit together again they get the kids back.
       | 
       | Form the kids perspective they are either dealing with temporary
       | guardians or with a parent that provides next to no super vision.
       | 
       | The state can't parent children, but foster care is in a real way
       | keeping children off the street.
        
       | admiralspoo wrote:
       | The title is totally vacuous and makes no logical connection for
       | why college is a standard. Replace "foster kids" and "prison"
       | with whatever you wish, e.g. "chess grandmasters" and "ice cream
       | shop".
        
       | fuhry wrote:
       | Wife and I are hopefully less than 2 months away from being
       | licensed. If we can do it in our tiny 2 bedroom house, you can
       | too!
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Good luck. My parents did it when I was little. They remember
         | showing real love to kids and being hated for it.
        
       | hvasilev wrote:
       | What does this have to do with technology?
        
         | sound1 wrote:
         | Kids who can potentially become Steve Jobs are unfairly ending
         | up in jail?
        
       | selimthegrim wrote:
       | I have a friend who has tried to foster parent during COVID but
       | the shifting goalposts, school openings and closings demanding
       | childcare availability instantly (both parents work) and lack of
       | timely reimbursements from the state combine to make it a nearly
       | impossible endeavor. Last I heard the child had made some
       | unfortunate choices after going back to the birth family and
       | might be headed to institutionalization
        
       | nr2x wrote:
       | My basic understanding is the U.S. replaced mental health asylums
       | and orphanages with homelessness and prisons. What do other
       | countries do? Does it work?
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Those old systems were full of abuse. There are bad foster
         | parents, but overall it is better. Until someone thinks up
         | something better the current system is what we have.
        
         | retrac wrote:
         | It's not so fundamentally different up here in Canada. It's
         | just different scope and scale. Our foster kids are also in a
         | pipeline to poverty and criminality, and it's rife with abuse.
         | Our poverty and criminality are just a bit milder on average,
         | perhaps? The broken families at the core of it all are just as
         | painful.
        
         | dkdk8283 wrote:
         | Private prisons create a perverse incentive to lock people up.
         | Follow the money.
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | https://imgc.artprintimages.com/img/print/remember-we-re-
           | not...
           | 
           | new yorker cartoon - remember, we're not just making money,
           | we're building prisons.
        
           | bcrosby95 wrote:
           | Follow the money but it's not just private corporations. In
           | California the prison guard union is one of the stronger
           | lobbies and have pushed to pass some pretty bad bills over
           | the decades.
        
             | Clubber wrote:
             | High conviction numbers also allows an ambitious prosecutor
             | to look good once they have aspirations for higher
             | political office as well.
        
         | macspoofing wrote:
         | >My basic understanding is the U.S. replaced mental health
         | asylums and orphanages with homelessness and prisons.
         | 
         | To be clear, that was not the motivation. There were lots of
         | reasons why things changed and institutionalization fell out of
         | favor (and not just in the US, but across the West). For
         | example, right now, in most states, you couldn't forcibly
         | institutionalize, say, a schizophrenic homeless individual
         | legally, even if the request came from the individual's family.
         | And if you try, municipal and state governments, bolstered by
         | activists and rights organizations will fight you.
        
       | seebetter wrote:
       | I worked on this issue in 2008. My best friend had directed a
       | film called Where the Day Takes You about homeless kids in
       | Hollywood.
       | 
       | A Harvard lawyer I knew added me to her non profit and asked me
       | to produce a documentary about homeless teenagers in Colorado.
       | 
       | I wanted to call it STATE OF NEGLECT and push for an efficient
       | form of social programs ran by the state. My infinitely educated
       | friend, she was a project attorney, had no concept of filmmaking
       | or project management. She tried to put a bad director with no
       | technical production in charge with me.
       | 
       | Harvard lawyer was scared Comcast wouldn't give us $25 million so
       | she asked me to sanitize the criticism towards state foster
       | programs. Months later, her foundation closed.
       | 
       | In Where the Day Takes You, it was Will Smith's movie. Tom
       | Cruise's partner Paula was my best friend's agent at the time.
       | This and the CIA is how I know about the UFO scientology religion
       | by Kit and Hal.
       | 
       | Of course, Hacker News shadowbanned me for this comment on my
       | other account. Even though I work with the Office of Director of
       | National Intelligence and JASON Group. My friend is currently the
       | Chair of the Defense Policy Group.
       | 
       | Today President Trump is going to free Ross and Drew.
       | 
       | Hackers aren't marketers who made SaSS and rattle on about series
       | A. There are no hackers here. There are no painters here.
       | 
       | Come to EFNet where real hackers are, not corporate grifters like
       | Y Combinator. I know everyone important in Atherton and SV and
       | the IC.
       | 
       | We don't need your corporations startup bros and CIA In-Q-Tel
       | fronts. Overthrow everything government, religion and
       | corporations.
       | 
       | Just like the Bavarian Illuminati planned for their sinister
       | conspiracy to enact the Futuristic Past.
        
       | rtx wrote:
       | Child care and elderly care one of the harder problems to solve.
       | I hope some smart people decide to tackle it. Lots of potential
       | for abuse and neglect. At one point I used to plan about
       | combining an old age home and orphanage together. It could help
       | with some emotional needs.
        
         | klyrs wrote:
         | These problems do appear inextricably linked. Individualism in
         | american culture is, IMO, the root. In many other cultures,
         | family is huge -- folks are connected to their parents,
         | grandparents, siblings, cousins... grandparents help out with
         | the kids until they can't, and the skills of parenting are
         | naturally passed from generation to generation. Funny to see a
         | comment on another that "no one" is prepared to raise a kid...
         | that's because individualism is bad at retaining wisdom.
         | 
         | The problem with your mixed old folks' home / orphanage is that
         | individualistic old people don't wanna live there until they're
         | too old to help out.
        
       | macspoofing wrote:
       | >Texas lawmakers recognized the existence of a possible foster-
       | care-to-prison pipeline several years ago.
       | 
       | The 'foster-care-to-prison pipeline' metaphor is such a misnomer
       | and completely unfair. Nobody is moving these kids into the
       | prison system. Traditional parenting can provide personalized
       | rearing and still have that child end-up in prison. We also know
       | that a single-parent household, even with a dedicated loving
       | parent, will have challenges rearing children. How is the state
       | supposed to do it? Worse, the kids who end up in foster-care,
       | more often than not, will already have significant trauma and
       | behaviour or mental issues.
       | 
       | So to summarize, you have the State dealing with two major issues
       | that individually create an immense challenge, but together make
       | it even harder:
       | 
       | 1) The state can never scale resources to match typical parental
       | rearing.
       | 
       | 2) The state has to deal with a population of kids who are
       | already suffering from behavioral or mental issues, drugs, or
       | trauma. An affluent two-parent household with dedicated support
       | workers would have trouble raising kids like that. How is the
       | State supposed to do this?
       | 
       | I'm not sure what the right approach is here but it's clear as
       | day that there is no easy answer here.
        
         | Helloworldboy wrote:
         | No idea why you're being downvoted.
        
       | stevespang wrote:
       | Thanks for posting this.
        
       | elmo2you wrote:
       | "A nation's greatness is measured by how it treats its weakest
       | members." ~ Mahatma Ghandi
       | 
       | I think that says it all. Despite all the propaganda/cultural
       | brainwashing, convincing many Americans that their
       | country/culture is somehow better than others.
        
       | batch12 wrote:
       | I was a foster kid for 11 years. My social worker and foster
       | parents were likely the only reason I am still here. My social
       | worker would visit his children weekly-- even on weekends and did
       | whatever it took for us. Still, he was just one man. I still talk
       | to him regularly. During one discussion, I asked him about the
       | other kids that I remembered. There were only two of us left. I
       | think people forget about the trauma foster kids deal with.
       | First, the reason kids went into care. Second, the separation of
       | the kid from their families. My experiences showed me that this
       | trauma, combined with an institutional care system does not equip
       | most kids to function in society.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | Yeah the trauma is really hard to quantify. My mom was a 3rd
         | grade teacher for years. One of the kids was a foster child. He
         | was a good kids, a good heart, but had self control realated
         | issues.
         | 
         | On the last day of the school they were drawing pictures of
         | what they'd do that summer. His photo was of him being sad. He
         | told her.
         | 
         | "Some of us are sad because of summer vacation because we don't
         | want to be at home every day."
         | 
         | Just brutal to hear.... some kids have the deck stacked so far
         | against them....
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | my wife is school teacher, when the pandemic hit and schools
           | closed some of her kids were taken into CPS and some just
           | flat out vanished. Elementary schools are basically social
           | safety nets for some kids. I think that's why many governors
           | were quick to re-open and very slow to close them down again.
        
         | ashtonkem wrote:
         | Some of the amateur research we've done points to the idea that
         | it takes a surprisingly small number of emotionally stable
         | adults to help kids get through chaotic circumstances. If you
         | read the testimonies from children from the foster system like
         | you, or from children with mentally unwell parents, the ones
         | that made it out ok always have some sort of story about how
         | one adult in their life took an interest and helped them get
         | through it. From what I've seen, teachers and coaches are the
         | most common adult to help. Not peer reviewed stuff obviously,
         | but the pattern is striking.
         | 
         | Anyways, glad you made it out of such a tough spot doing ok.
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | > the ones that made it out ok always have some sort of story
           | about how one adult in their life took an interest and helped
           | them get through it.
           | 
           | How much time does that take of the person who is helping?
           | 
           | Also, from article, "Most of the $30 billion spent on child
           | welfare annually is funneled into foster care or adoption
           | services", "Roughly 23,000 kids across the country are
           | churned out of the system every year".
           | 
           | That averages $100000 per child per year, assuming 300000
           | kids in care and all $30G spent on them.
        
           | the-dude wrote:
           | That is literal survivorship bias there. I know multiple
           | stories of deeply unhappy/unstable foster children, no matter
           | how much stability, love & care they were given ( I knew some
           | of those foster parents ).
        
             | dghlsakjg wrote:
             | Every successful foster child has a stable adult in their
             | life != every foster child with a stable adult in their
             | life is successful.
             | 
             | The first sentence is saying that a stable adult is one
             | necessary component. The second sentence is saying that the
             | stable adult is the only necessary component. They are
             | totally different claims with very similar wording.
        
             | gogopuppygogo wrote:
             | I knew two kids adopted as infants who were born addicted
             | to drugs.
             | 
             | The family that adopted them was wealthy. They poured
             | enormous amounts of time and resources into raising those
             | kids. One turned it all around and works for Google, the
             | other ram away and hasn't been heard from in 20 years.
             | 
             | Same birth mother, born two years apart, she was an addict.
        
               | worker767424 wrote:
               | A family friend is single and infertile. She's spent a
               | lot of money on some sort of adopt-a-chinese scheme.
               | Someone in her family did the same, and the kid had
               | various medical issues. I honestly think she'd have been
               | better off with a surrogate and a sperm donor.
               | 
               | I definitely respect people who adopt, but they risk of
               | just adopting someone else's problem is too high for me.
        
               | impartial-word wrote:
               | A relative adopted a child and the social worker advised
               | against international adoptions for this problem.
               | 
               | Eventually they adopted a 100% healthy local child after
               | 5-6 years of legal nightmare as it's pretty complex
               | navigate through all requirements plus wait your turn.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | If you adopt a health foreign baby it is because the baby
               | was kidnapped from his loving parents and then a corrupt
               | judge signed off on it.
               | 
               | The above isn't always true, but if you didn't
               | investigate the agency deeply you should assume it is.
               | This is why international adoptions are so hard, many
               | counties have caught on and given up on giving the few
               | kids who do need real homes help.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | > the few kids who do need real homes
               | 
               | You have to be kidding me. Do you know how many kids are
               | literal orphans in sub-saharan Africa?
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | No. I know that most counties won't let you adopt those
               | orphans though because of how hard it is to be sure they
               | really are.
        
               | crusty wrote:
               | You should start a side hustle as a medical power of
               | attorney for marginally suicidal geriatrics who are
               | worried they're loved ones won't have the stones to honor
               | their DNR wishes. Something tells me you'd be ready to
               | pull the plug, no questions asked.
        
               | baldfat wrote:
               | I adopted three kids from the same biological mother. Two
               | of them are making more then me at Amazon and for the
               | Department of Defense. Sadly my younger son passed from
               | Bone Cancer.
               | 
               | They were drug impacted, but its weird how research goes
               | in cycles. Crack babies were going to ruin America's
               | capacity for caring for all these children. Then it was
               | said that Alcohol is the only drug that effects babies in
               | the womb. It was called the "Crack Baby Myth" but now
               | things are changing again.
        
               | ketzo wrote:
               | Just wanna say I'm sorry for your loss. It's wonderful
               | you were able to give your kids a chance at a better
               | life.
        
               | kevincox wrote:
               | I think it is a fairly safe assumption that raising
               | children has aspects of a chaotic system. Small changes
               | to upbringing can cause large impact on the result. Of
               | course not all "inputs" have this chaotic nature, and
               | there are lots of inputs that aren't under direct control
               | of the parents. There are just so many variables that it
               | is hard to tease out patterns.
        
               | mikepurvis wrote:
               | Fair, but as far as controlled experiments are possible
               | in this kind of thing, it doesn't get much better than
               | two kids with a shared birth parent and the same adoptive
               | parents/environment.
               | 
               | Anyway, you're not wrong about the chaotic environment
               | that is child rearing-- the other side of this coin is
               | sets of identical twins with differing sexualities, eg:
               | https://kinseyinstitute.org/news-
               | events/news/2019-07-26-twin...
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Fair, but as far as controlled experiments are possible
               | in this kind of thing, it doesn't get much better than
               | two kids
               | 
               | Actually, controlled experiments on this could be a lot
               | better than _N_ = 2, and the small- _N_ problem dwarfs
               | the positive features of the experiment here.
        
               | kevincox wrote:
               | No, it doesn't get much better than that scenario. But
               | something as simple as which other kids are sat next to
               | them in school can completely change their childhood.
               | Observations like these are the best we have, and should
               | not be ignored, but there are just so many variables that
               | can never bet (ethically) controlled.
        
               | erik_landerholm wrote:
               | 100% agree. I think because it's hard enough to discern
               | between what I would call first order (dna caused
               | personality traits) and second order (immediate family
               | and early childhood experiences) contributions to
               | personality and what experiences a child had, that most
               | people ignore third order, friends, bad luck, basically
               | everything else. Then, you throw in luck ...I mean who
               | knows why anyone does anything bad or good.
               | 
               | I'm not religious, but the saying often attributed to
               | Christ saying, "forgive them, they know not what they
               | do," is probably totally, 100% accurate. I would add we
               | don't really know why they do what they do either.
               | Christians want that to mean specifically about the
               | crucifixion, but I believe whoever wrote that down was
               | trying to say something more general about human
               | experience.
               | 
               | I know from personal experience, just how much which kids
               | you sit next to from 1st-5th grade, as they are often the
               | same in the US, can influence your life in extreme ways.
               | 
               | All this says to me, we should probably go easier on
               | everyone, even the "worst" of us...
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Even within organisms starting with identical "first
               | order" characteristics the opportunity for variation is
               | fascinating. Here is a podcast on the topic I found
               | illuminating, it is with the author of a recent book _The
               | Hidden Half_
               | 
               | http://www.econtalk.org/michael-blastland-on-the-hidden-
               | half...
        
               | jariel wrote:
               | This is actually incorrect reasoning.
               | 
               | The amount of variation in the human condition would
               | completely negate any conclusions from a sample size of
               | two, however close the conditions.
               | 
               | It's also really easy to explain how one kid does well
               | and the other doesn't, look at any life situation. One
               | kid falls in with bad friends, one does not, one has a
               | hobby that takes them somewhere, one does not, one gets a
               | DUI the other does not, one has an amazing Hockey coach,
               | the other does not, one takes a risk and wants to be a
               | rock start, the other does not etc. etc..
        
               | birdsbirdsbirds wrote:
               | 1. The other could still be successful.
               | 
               | 2. Same mother doesn't mean same fathers. Success comes
               | down to IQ. One kid could have been lucky while the other
               | drew the short stick.
        
               | Quarrelsome wrote:
               | > Success comes down to IQ
               | 
               | I think it arguably more likely that acceptance into the
               | education system comes down to IQ due to antiquated
               | practices in attempting to derive intelligence. Being
               | within the education system is the sunny uplands to
               | networking and generally better opportunities.
               | 
               | Its possible that almost every child has the potential of
               | a "good enough" IQ and that nurture reigns supreme over
               | the supporting cast of genetics. To separate the two
               | within nurture there remains environmental factors such
               | as an interpreted narrative of favouritism which can lead
               | to downward spirals.
        
               | i_haz_rabies wrote:
               | Success comes down to a hell of a lot more than IQ.
        
               | Swenrekcah wrote:
               | While success and IQ are almost certainly correlated, it
               | is not possible to make a statement like that.
               | 
               | You can just as well say that success comes down to
               | height, or country of birth, or combined wealth of
               | uncles. There are so many other factors at play.
        
             | batch12 wrote:
             | I was far from stable and far from happy. It wasn't until
             | later that I realized the benefits that the people around
             | me provided. With that said-- with some exceptions of
             | course-- none of the kids want to be foster children.
             | Especially those that understand that they are disposable.
             | Kids are smart and know when they will just be shuffled
             | around or placed in a group home. When I was fortunate
             | enough to placed with my brother, we would act out --
             | looking back it was almost as a way to confirm that nobody
             | really cared. It's easier to shit on everyone around you
             | when you think everything is a temporary situation.
        
               | treeman79 wrote:
               | That's what my adopted daughter and her older sibling
               | would do. They were taken young. But older sibling
               | started crap every place they got sent. Not the sort of
               | stuff that can be ignored.
               | 
               | Finally they were separated in the system.
               | 
               | At first we were like "that's horrible"
               | 
               | Now. We just wish it had been done a lot sooner.
               | 
               | Some people are hell bent on self destruction, and will
               | take everyone down with them.
               | 
               | It took 7 years for our adopted daughter to finally
               | realize and know we actually do love her.
        
             | jariel wrote:
             | Just because you have an anecdote that illustrates
             | something doesn't negate the broader conclusion.
             | 
             | Frankly, the original statement that 'it only takes one or
             | two' should be rather obvious, it's called 'parenting' and
             | it usually implies a couple of people who have a bond with
             | a child.
             | 
             | That said, we all know every kind of person from every walk
             | of life who ended up being in every kind of scenario.
             | 
             | There's a lot of randomness in humans.
             | 
             | That doesn't take away from the fact that a couple of 'good
             | parents' and a decent community + school is almost
             | assuredly the best path.
        
             | Supermancho wrote:
             | I'm not sure that's survivorship bias, since you can
             | measure when dependents (or emancipated dependents) drop
             | off from their support systems. The measure isn't just
             | those that report back "I'm doing fine" but those that are
             | tracked. There are a number of organizations that track
             | these statistics, although I feel like the nordic countries
             | seem to follow the strictest rigour. It's a null hypothesis
             | to show that foster children (who are more likely to have
             | mental disorders -
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3922948/, et
             | al) do better with caring parental figures. They can only
             | degenerate without stability.
        
             | lostcolony wrote:
             | Yes...but he's not making the claim that "100% of foster
             | kids who get (some small number of adults caring about
             | them) will be successful", he's saying that "the minimum
             | I've observed for foster kids to be successful is (some
             | small number of adults caring about them)".
             | 
             | The latter claim is perfectly valid to make when 100% of
             | survivors have trait X; you are correct in implying that it
             | would be invalid to say having trait X will guarantee a
             | survivor.
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | > points to the idea that it takes a surprisingly small
               | number of emotionally stable adults to help kids get
               | through chaotic circumstances.
               | 
               | I am not a native speaker, but to me he clearly suggests
               | with _takes_ that it should be possible for every case.
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | That doesn't follow.
               | 
               | Consider the idiom _it takes two to tango_. Now, one of
               | the two could be a quadriplegic, or a dog, or maybe they
               | both come from a severe religious cult which has
               | forbidden dancing and just can 't bring themselves to do
               | it.
               | 
               | That's fine; the meaning is that two are necessary, not
               | that two are sufficient.
        
               | tgb wrote:
               | Saying "It takes surprisingly little time to do!" isn't
               | trying to give a _lower_ bound on how much time it takes.
               | Obviously not completely unambiguous, but the
               | "sufficient" reading is completely natural English.
        
               | lostcolony wrote:
               | It's not setting a bound at all. It -is- saying that the
               | amount of time is "surprisingly little".
               | 
               | But to the topic at hand, the logical implication is that
               | "to do it" => "takes surprisingly little time" (that is,
               | doing it implies you took surprisingly little time)
               | 
               | Not "taking surprisingly little time" => "to do it" (that
               | is, having taken surprisingly little time implies you do
               | it).
               | 
               | Same as the above; the implication is that "success"
               | implies "(at least) a surprisingly small number of adults
               | were involved", not that "(at least) a surprisingly small
               | number of adults were involved" implies "success".
               | 
               | I find it helpful to use formal logic to explain stuff
               | like this. If I make a statement that p => q (that is, p
               | implies q), and that statement is true, it does NOT
               | necessarily follow that q => p (that is, q implies p) is
               | true (it may or may not be; it is independent from a
               | formal logic perspective). It is necessary to evaluate q
               | => p separately, in which case we may find it to be true,
               | OR we may find q =/> p to be true (that is, q does not
               | imply p).
               | 
               | As an example, "My shoes are wet because it is raining",
               | p = it is raining, and q = my shoes are wet. p => q means
               | if it is raining, my shoes are wet. But it does not also
               | follow from that that q => p; that is, just because my
               | shoes are wet it does not mean it must be raining (I
               | might have, after all, been out watering the lawn). Thus,
               | q =/> p.
               | 
               | For the tango example, p = a tango is possible, q = there
               | are two people. p => q, but q =/> q (that is, does not
               | imply).
               | 
               | In this case, p = foster child is successful, and q = a
               | number of adults (sometimes a surprisingly small number)
               | were involved with them. p => q, but q =/> p.
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | Again, not a native speaker, but this sounds far out.
               | 
               |  _It takes two to tango_ is about the tango going to
               | happen, not the _minimal required circumstances for it to
               | happen if all other stars align_.
        
               | talentedcoin wrote:
               | No, parent is correct.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It_takes_two_to_tango
               | 
               | The meaning of this expression has been extended to
               | include any situation in which the two partners are by
               | definition understood to be essential (...).
        
               | diN0bot wrote:
               | since you keep saying that you are not a native speaker,
               | consider believing the interpretations native speakers
               | share. stuff simply means what it means. you can believe
               | it or not.
               | 
               | more generally, when someone says something you find
               | incredulous, consider processing that internally, and
               | then decide if saying "huh, now i know" is not a better
               | reaction to "no way, maybe you're wrong."
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | This is preposterous.
               | 
               | I thought we were here to satisfy our curiosity.
        
               | LeifCarrotson wrote:
               | > it takes a surprisingly small number of emotionally
               | stable adults to help kids get through chaotic
               | circumstances
               | 
               | The "surprising" modifier here makes the object something
               | that needs extra context, what's surprising here is that
               | the number is small and not large. If bio mom and bio dad
               | and foster mom and foster dad and all the extended family
               | and most of their teachers are distant, but their track
               | coach is emotionally invested (thanks, Buzz), that's,
               | surprisingly, sometimes all that it takes.
               | 
               | Yes, if no one's invested, that's not enough, as you'd
               | expect. It does leave the possibility that everyone is
               | invested and it's still not enough.
        
         | slothtrop wrote:
         | I believe this is very understated, and collectively we tend to
         | throw up our hands at the issue as though nothing could be
         | improved. Even children growing up without a father figure or
         | having divorced parents can have some developmental issues, I
         | can't imagine how being separated from family must be.
        
         | omginternets wrote:
         | >My experiences showed me that this trauma, combined with an
         | institutional care system does not equip most kids to function
         | in society.
         | 
         | Can you elaborate on this? It abstractly makes sense, but what
         | does this look like in practice? What kinds of situations come
         | up whereupon a foster-kid-turned-adult wouldn't be "equipped"?
         | What is it they wouldn't know to do? Or, what would they
         | mistakenly think was an appropriate response?
        
         | aminozuur wrote:
         | Thank you for sharing your experience. May I ask, how are you
         | doing now? Did you find any ways to address or even overcome
         | those past experiences?
        
           | batch12 wrote:
           | I am doing well for myself now. How I got here is pretty
           | complicated. I can only attribute my ability to overcome
           | these experiences to those who genuinely cared. These are the
           | people who cared enough to help me succeed but also let me
           | fail and deal with the consequences. In high school, I was a
           | low C to D student. I slept in class. I refused to do
           | homework. I thought the schools were only temporary, so
           | therefore they did not matter. I only passed classes because
           | I excelled at test taking and understood the material. I felt
           | like it was all a game-- people, school, relationships. None
           | of it mattered and all I had to do was find the right way to
           | play. After foster care, I had a free ride (I was still in
           | care), but failed out of college because I didn't see a
           | point. I joined the military. This forced structure and
           | discipline actually helped me. I understood this game and
           | excelled. I used my experience in the military to get an
           | entry level job in IT and continue to grow. There are
           | residual effects that I will always deal with. I have huge
           | gaps in memory from when I was a kid- I don't remember much
           | before age 11. I compartmentalize things too easily. I can be
           | impatient with people. I dislike and distrust bureaucracies.
           | I don't have enough patience for incompetence. I could go on,
           | but I'm sure that's not why you're here :)
        
             | aminozuur wrote:
             | Thanks again for sharing. I find your story very relatable,
             | from the gaps in memory (which is common after trauma) to
             | rebelling and failing in the school system.
             | 
             | I wish there was a community just for people in tech who've
             | overcome messy childhoods.
        
             | minitoar wrote:
             | In my book, disliking and distrusting bureaucracy is a
             | hallmark of an intelligent and well-adjusted being.
        
       | temporaryacc1 wrote:
       | Genetics are a stubborn force.
        
       | paulmendoza wrote:
       | My wife and I adopted two older boys (10 and 12). Most of the
       | families trying to adopt are looking for babies but we were
       | looking for older kids. It still took almost 2 years to get our
       | first kid placed with us because I think the social workers
       | weren't sure if my wife and I really knew what we were getting
       | into. But once we got the first kid I think they realized we were
       | good. Then a year later they called us out of the blue about a
       | second kid.
        
         | Broken_Hippo wrote:
         | I always find this a bit ridiculous - do folks that want babies
         | really know what they are getting into? Heck, do folks that
         | have babies?
         | 
         | Probably not. The difference is that we can do things to
         | prepare foster parents or adoptive parents for it - more so
         | than natural birth.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Babies are easier because they don't start off bad. Teens
           | have had years of abuse behind them. Read the reports of
           | others here and you will see it is rare and hard to fix the
           | kids after that trauma.
        
             | Broken_Hippo wrote:
             | Sure, babies don't start out with years of trauma. So what?
             | People are willing to take classes and things and learn,
             | are they not? It just isn't the _same_ as babies.
             | 
             | And to be fair, you aren't "fixing" a baby: You are doing
             | the same thing - providing a loving home, trying to give
             | another person the things they need. You just have a head
             | start on some of the problems you'll be facing with a
             | teenager - the sort of thing that blindsides parents of
             | babies if it happens.
             | 
             | I'm not sure why it is an issue that "things are hard".
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > Sure, babies don't start out with years of trauma. So
               | what?
               | 
               | I think that you should look up what trauma and
               | dysfunctional early setup does with kids. Because it can
               | be very hard on caregiver and test all their abilities
               | including self control. The adoption agencies themselves
               | are quite open about these issues - they do not want
               | people to adopt and then be unable to handle things.
               | 
               | Which are all euphemisms mind you. Basically, there are
               | issues with violence, inability to create relationship or
               | even inability that relationship can be "true". Which
               | causes whole other bunch of behavioral problems. Like,
               | the eagerness to "test" caregiver by really going out of
               | way to create trouble. And if caregiver fails, result is
               | basically abuse. And the kid can't help itself, but
               | adults should.
               | 
               | And adults when they see they don't have time and
               | resources and patience to deal with above, do better to
               | adopt baby.
               | 
               | > People are willing to take classes and things and
               | learn, are they not? It just isn't the same as babies.
               | 
               | What did that even means?
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | Adopting baby is significantly easier then older kids,
           | because older kids are affected by their previous
           | experiences, abandonment, massively dysfunctional familly,
           | death of parents and so on.
        
           | jfrankamp wrote:
           | Folks attempting to adopt older kids have a higher 'return'
           | rate than when adopting babies. E.g. If an older kid decides
           | to physically fight you for control, many parents will
           | quickly run out of options, emotional reserves etc. It is
           | undesirable to rush through an adoption in that case, years
           | are warranted. (first hand experience w/ multiple
           | foster/adopted teenagers + failed adoptions).
        
       | LockAndLol wrote:
       | Instead we see how people go onto Facebook to get inseminated by
       | strangers. People would literally rather be injected with
       | somebody else's semen, go through 9 months of crazy hormones and
       | multiple hours of the worst pain in their lives, than take care
       | of an existing child.
       | 
       | If people did something to actually help children instead of
       | voting for pro-surveillance laws or "against those people I don't
       | like", maybe kids would get some help.
       | 
       | I think that says a lot about our society.
        
         | macspoofing wrote:
         | >I think that says a lot about our society.
         | 
         | No it doesn't. People have children because having a genetic
         | connection is important to them. That's not a 'society-thing'.
         | That's just humanity. There are exception to this, and that's
         | why foster parents should be applauded because fostering and
         | adopting is great moral act. But I wouldn't impugn the rest of
         | society because most people don't adopt, but instead choose to
         | have biological children.
        
       | gadders wrote:
       | I've been reading the Burke series of novels [1] written by
       | Andrew Vachss [2]. As he says in the novels, we make our own
       | monsters: http://www.vachss.com/av_dispatches/disp_9006_a.html
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burke_(series)
       | 
       | [2] http://www.vachss.com/vachss/credentials.html
        
       | pinipedman wrote:
       | Is this really a surprise to anyone? The US is second only to the
       | USSR in incarceration rate. The disenfranchised, e.g. foster
       | children, will certainly suffer disproportionately under such a
       | system. The lack of social safety nets, mental health services,
       | etc. certainly play a role, but the larger issue is the
       | authoritarian nature of the US regime.
        
         | brink wrote:
         | While we do incarcerate too much, I don't think the solution is
         | necessarily "incarcerate less" as much as it is "Nurture
         | families more and create stable environments for children to
         | grow up in so that they feel wanted."
        
           | pinipedman wrote:
           | I don't think anyone would disagree that a better home
           | environment is fundamental. But do you think that, in
           | general, the longer sentences and higher rates of
           | incarceration (especially for non-violent crime) in the US
           | compared with other developed nations are beneficial?
           | 
           | Publishing names and mugshots of arrestees prior to
           | convictions, the existence of the sex offender registry,
           | rampant human rights abuses in prisons, loss of voting rights
           | for felons, and the explicit allowance of slavery as
           | punishment do not make it seem like the US "justice system"
           | even approximates the humanist notion of justice that other
           | developed nations apparently aim for.
        
       | treeman79 wrote:
       | Adopted a teenager out of foster care.
       | 
       | None of the others she knew from foster care did well in life.
       | All on drugs, homeless, many in prison, spent time there. Many
       | are having kids that will soon be take away by the state, for
       | good reasons.
       | 
       | Our own has done better, but was years of insane drama.
       | 
       | Knowing that bio family was out there hurt her immensely.
       | 
       | She finally had to spend time with them. Literally Pulling her
       | drunk biological dad out of a ditch, to realize that they were
       | dragging her down.
       | 
       | She does aight these days.
       | 
       | Foster kids can be helped, but you really need multiple strong
       | families or support groups dedicated to the task. For a couple of
       | decades, at least.
        
         | tooltower wrote:
         | Sorry about the completely noob question, but in your mind, do
         | you think it actually helps these kids to separate them from
         | their bio families in the first place?
         | 
         | What are the most common situations that require a kid to be
         | placed in foster care?
        
           | rossmohax wrote:
           | Sometime all it takes is a mistep of a parent and kids are
           | taken from them. There was a story in the UK, where single
           | mom had to go to the job interview and agreed with a friend
           | to come and babysit. On a day of the interview babysitter
           | couldn't come in time, but promised to come a bit later, so
           | mom decided to go for the job interview. Kid stood next to
           | window, banged on a glass and cried as mom was leaving.
           | Police was called and kid was taken from her and very quickly
           | adopted by another family.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Kids are only separated from their families when things are
           | really bad.
        
           | jfrankamp wrote:
           | I can answer this, also fostered then adopted a teenager. It
           | actually does not help the kid, its the worst thing that
           | could happen to them except all of the alternatives. Being
           | placed in a foster home is trauma. Getting separated from
           | their bio family is trauma. Continuing to be physically
           | abused (in their bio fam) is unacceptable trauma. Extended
           | family was also a bust and resulted in more physical abuse.
        
             | tooltower wrote:
             | Thanks for answering this.
             | 
             | To sort of hammer the point home in my brain, does the
             | following summarize what you are saying?
             | 
             | In spite of all the trauma, you still think foster care is
             | better than leaving kids with their family? E.g. the
             | article says "more kids are removed for neglect than abuse"
             | and only 35 percent of them finished high school. So,
             | between the two evils (abusive family and foster care), do
             | kids really fare better in the foster care system?
             | 
             | As someone who grew up outside of USA, but now live here,
             | this is all rather shocking to me.
        
               | batch12 wrote:
               | My brother had a tooth chipped and a broken arm. I have
               | had an adult stand on my head and kick me around a room.
               | I still had it much better than some of my peers. It
               | isn't the best situation, but sometimes it is the only
               | real option to protect the child.
        
           | ip26 wrote:
           | Separating from their families is never a great option. But
           | sometimes it is the least-bad option. Enter, foster care.
        
           | treeman79 wrote:
           | Personal opinion. I think a lot of kids are separated that
           | should not be.
           | 
           | From what I saw of Foster care. The only thing they really
           | care about is your alive until you age out.
        
           | worik wrote:
           | The best thing to do, to help a child, is to help the family.
           | 
           | But the family is often very unattractive. Adults can be such
           | reprobates: Drug addicted, "lazy", wasteful....
           | 
           | So the state tends to remove the child and inject them into
           | what they know is at best a failing system and at worst a
           | fertile training ground for child abusers.
           | 
           | Better to help the families, never mind that they will have
           | lifestyles you disapprove of. It costs a lot of money. A huge
           | amount.
           | 
           | But it is cheaper in the long run to put aside the moral
           | panic about the behaviour of the grown us....
        
             | sitkack wrote:
             | We should be helping all of society so that families have a
             | low probability of getting into this state in the first
             | place. I have seen communities with strong programs for
             | kids, breakfast served at school, extended evening
             | activities, free organized sports. All of this stuff helps
             | shore up a problematic home life and gives points of
             | contact for well functioning adults and kids to intersect
             | with these kids lives.
             | 
             | Can you imagine being a child in a shitty home life, all
             | you had before the pandemic was your school for being
             | around people who didn't hate or at best were indifferent
             | to you.
             | 
             | America needs new social structures.
        
         | Geminidog wrote:
         | >Foster kids can be helped, but you really need multiple strong
         | families or support groups dedicated to the task. For a couple
         | of decades, at least.
         | 
         | It's sad but I don't think that this is sustainable.
        
           | bigfudge wrote:
           | It would be cheaper than prison. We do so little to support
           | foster families that I don't know how we know that it's not
           | sustainable... we just haven't tried. It's a cliche but if we
           | spent 10% of of what we spend on Nukes or drug enforcement on
           | this it would be a game changer.
           | 
           | This is a question of priorities.
        
             | creato wrote:
             | > It's a cliche but if we spent 10% of of what we spend on
             | Nukes or drug enforcement on this it would be a game
             | changer.
             | 
             | I think people that say things like this overestimate how
             | much we spend on things like this and underestimate social
             | spending. About 50% of US government spending is health and
             | social services. So even cutting _everything else to zero_
             | is only a doubling of health and social services. A
             | doubling isn 't nothing, but a game changer? And not all
             | (or even most) of that other 50% will be spending you feel
             | is frivolous, so it would be much less than doubling.
        
               | carbonguy wrote:
               | > It's a cliche but if we spent 10% of of what we spend
               | on Nukes or drug enforcement on this it would be a game
               | changer.
               | 
               | > > I think people that say things like this overestimate
               | how much we spend on things like this and underestimate
               | social spending.
               | 
               | These caught my attention because they both made claims
               | for which the quantitative basis can somewhat easily be
               | established, partly because the parent was making a
               | relatively specific claim as these things go.
               | 
               | Here's what I was able to find with ~20min of searching
               | for federal spending in these three categories:
               | 
               | Foster care: $22 billion (2017) [1]
               | 
               | Drug control: $25 billion (2015) [2]
               | 
               | Nuclear arms: $35 billion (2019) [3]
               | 
               | I was surprised that these three areas received roughly
               | equivalent amounts of money - support for your statement
               | that people tend to underestimate social spending.
               | 
               | As to the parent comment: while it does seem likely that
               | taking 10% of the budget from nuclear arms or drug
               | enforcement would indeed make a qualitative difference to
               | foster service provision, my hunch is that the 10-20%
               | increase that implies wouldn't be a "game changer" as the
               | parent asserted even if the claims in [1] that the
               | program needs to be entirely reconfigured are warranted.
               | 
               | EDIT: The parent comment also asserts that a better-
               | funded foster care system would be "cheaper than prison"
               | - another question which could probably be answered with
               | some quantitative basis. Anyone else want to take a shot
               | at it?
               | 
               | [1] https://abcnews.go.com/Primetime/FosterCare/story?id=
               | 2017991...
               | 
               | [2] https://drugpolicy.org/sites/default/files/DPA_Fact_s
               | heet_Dr...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/14/us/nuclear-weapons-
               | spending-t...
        
               | treeman79 wrote:
               | She went into foster care, because bio parents just sat
               | around getting stoned constantly.
               | 
               | Often forgetting to pick up kids from school.
               | 
               | I get that many techies are pro-drugs. But a lot of
               | people waste away on them.
        
               | frenchy wrote:
               | For what it's worth, there's a difference between pro-
               | drugs and pro-legalization. I personally think that
               | legalization is our best hope for reducing drug use.
        
               | TeaDrunk wrote:
               | Almost 60% of projected spending is not on all health and
               | social services, but only 3 specific programs, 2 of which
               | primarily benefit the elderly.
               | 
               | It can still be true that if a program to support the
               | success of foster children increased by 10% of the budget
               | from somewhere else, the program would be significantly
               | more successful in helping children.
        
               | corin_ wrote:
               | Yes of course doubling would be a game changer! Think of
               | the huge amount of good stuff already covered in
               | healthcare and social services, even a 10% increase in
               | budget could do a massive amount of good.
        
               | treeman79 wrote:
               | Prices would double.
               | 
               | Some people can spend an unlimited amount of money and
               | accomplish little.
        
               | jacobion wrote:
               | But doesn't a large majority of 'social services'
               | spending go to retirement incomes? Obviously that is
               | important, but discretionary spending on, for example,
               | taking care of children, is much smaller.
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | Of course it is. Just not within the parameters of how we've
           | defined family and parenthood.
           | 
           | There's a reason societies used collective parenting for
           | centuries and only recently with the push towards
           | individualism that has stopped. There's still collective
           | parenting in places of the world that don't have that same
           | desire of individualism.
           | 
           | We've built our society and economy around the idea of 2
           | parents and some children. This is an arbitrary decision
           | we've made and it wasn't how we came to this point. A push
           | for accepting multi-node families would help nudge us in the
           | right direction. Just changing the tax law to support and
           | provide the same benefits to a union of multiple parents
           | would be extremely useful.
           | 
           | We've codefied a single way of living. Maybe we should change
           | that and allow for more dynamic family structures.
        
             | jariel wrote:
             | I think this is possibly misleading.
             | 
             | 'We' never did 'collective' parenting in the broader sense.
             | 
             | Both Asian and Western families were essentially nuclear,
             | but multigenerational, and closer ties to extended family.
             | 
             | 70 years ago, this was generally normative - and frankly
             | often today - in that families were 2 parents + kids, but
             | grandparents, uncles/aunts /cousins were part of the mix.
             | 
             | Obviously, more so in some places than others (particularly
             | with parents living-in i.e. Asia, Italy)
             | 
             | Even today: 100% of my buddies who are married live within
             | 2km of their mother-in-laws.
             | 
             | I think the term 'collective' is just a little bit too
             | broad, and Romanticizes these quasi-aboriginal notions of
             | truly more collective parenting, which frankly hasn't been
             | part of the mix for a very long time (i.e. millennia) in
             | most places.
             | 
             | The basic, communitarian concepts which we are mostly all
             | familiar, which is to say 'quasi nuclear with strong
             | extended family ties' will work just fine.
             | 
             | I think both neoliberalism and certain kinds of progressive
             | social ideologies, without necessarily intending to move
             | away from this, are effectively doing this, and pushing us
             | into the 'hyper nuclear' (i.e. 1 or 2 parents only)
             | scnenarios, which I think is less than ideal.
             | 
             | Having grown up in a single parent situation, and then two
             | parents later on, it took me 30 years of reflection to
             | realize how much single parenting is a massive
             | disadvantage. Surprisingly, there is reluctance among many
             | progressive circles to recognize this, whereupon the notion
             | of 'single motherhood' is contemplated on equal footing
             | with 2 parent families. (Though I think this is usually
             | derived from concerns over the fact that single parent
             | households are often the result of abuse etc.)
             | 
             | This odd paradox can be seen within the African American
             | community whereupon well over 50% of kids grow up without
             | having much of a relationship with their fathers. To some,
             | this is an abomination, and a 'root cause of malaise' (and
             | I'm not pointing fingers here, there are lot of men in jail
             | that don't need to be), but surprisingly among many, they
             | just don't see it as a problem for a variety of triggering
             | reasons.
             | 
             | The nuclear+extended and obviously - community
             | participation (i.e. teachers, role models) I think will
             | work just fine so long as we recognize it.
             | 
             | And any parents who adopt foster children are straight up
             | heroes, of that there is no doubt.
        
               | smartbit wrote:
               | > _Even today: 100% of my buddies who are married live
               | within 2km of their mother-in-laws._
               | 
               | Assuming your _buddies_ are male, you make an interesting
               | observation: mothers support their daughters in raising
               | kids more than they support theirs sons with it.
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | Coming to think of it, that's an interesting observation
               | I noticed in my family too.
        
             | pelasaco wrote:
             | > collective parenting for centuries
             | 
             | Could you provide more data here? The only information that
             | I found was traditional families, where the grandparents
             | and relatives take the responsibility for the education
             | too.
             | 
             | I lived some years in South American, and I was impressed
             | how many middle class families have their Nanny taking care
             | of their kids (bringing to the school, cooking, controlling
             | home work, taking care while they were sick, etc).. could
             | be that be seem as "collective parenting" too?
             | 
             | > There's still collective parenting in places of the world
             | that don't have that same desire of individualism.
             | 
             | Would provide more data here? I'm interested to see how
             | they are doing.
        
             | smartbit wrote:
             | I couldn't agree with you more including _tax law_ as part
             | of the problem.
             | 
             | > _There 's a reason societies used collective parenting
             | for centuries and only recently with the push towards
             | individualism that has stopped._
             | 
             | Do you have reference to literature or research confirming
             | your statement?
        
             | Geminidog wrote:
             | I don't think this is an idea, I think the 2 parent system
             | is biology and collective parenting is the "idea" built on
             | top of it.
             | 
             | Here's why:
             | 
             | https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/forming-a-bond-with-
             | you...
             | 
             | Biological bonding with baby is recorded to happen after
             | 80% of births at first sight. The bonding is so strong that
             | parents will literally lay down their lives to protect a
             | child.
             | 
             | I highly doubt that this type of bonding forms for people
             | who aren't the biological parent of the baby. When choosing
             | their own lives or the baby's life, most unrelated people
             | will choose their own life. Therefore under "collective
             | parenting" it is likely that the other "parents" function
             | more as "caretakers" and are tertiary to the parents that
             | formed the biological bond.
             | 
             | Foster care is largely comprised of tertiary care that is
             | missing the primary care of the nuclear biological mother
             | and father. So foster care is essentially the same as
             | collective parenting just without the actual biological
             | parents. This is the causative factor and the essential
             | missing link:
             | 
             | Foster care doesn't have enough people who are willing to
             | invest the same amount of blood, sweat and tears as actual
             | biological parents.
             | 
             | That is why I said such support services are unsustainable.
             | People don't have enough energy, resources or will-power to
             | spare for a stranger that is not their own biological
             | progeny.
             | 
             | You also need to consider the evolutionary logic behind
             | this type of behavior. Does it make sense for a biological
             | entity to maximize Darwinian fitness by caring for children
             | that have less genetic relation to them? No. Obviously
             | there will be an evolutionary imperative for parents to
             | spend the most resources on the child that is most
             | genetically related to them.
             | 
             | The 2 parent system exists as a primary biological
             | component rather than some "idea" because a child can only
             | have 2 biological parents.
        
             | dudul wrote:
             | > There's still collective parenting in places of the world
             | that don't have that same desire of individualism.
             | 
             | > societies used collective parenting for centuries
             | 
             | I see these claims made regularly in discussions about
             | kids, families, etc, but I never see a clear example. Which
             | parts of the world have collective parenting? How do you
             | even define that? During which periods did we have
             | collective parenting? What forms did it take? I would be
             | really interested in seeing real examples I can look into
             | to understand better how they could potentially be used as
             | inspiration.
        
             | iak8god wrote:
             | There are three different sibling comments here asking for
             | "data", "reseach", and "examples" supporting aaomidi's
             | point about collective parenting.
             | 
             | This article has a lot of information about the development
             | of the nuclear family and what preceded it, so might be a
             | good jumping off point for those who are interested:
             | https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/03/the-
             | nuc...
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | That is not collective parenting at all. That is extended
               | familly. And as bonus, Brooks idealize past to fit point
               | he wants to make.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | Collective parenting in nearly every society that practices
             | it is still built around the biological parents as the
             | basic unit.
        
           | mistermann wrote:
           | Look on the bright side: it is speculative, and doesn't
           | consider counterfactuals, etc.
           | 
           | Luckily, fine folks like aaomidi walk among us. Not many of
           | them, but some.
        
         | froh wrote:
         | > aight
         | 
         | allright (US english, colloquial)
         | 
         | As I had to look it up
        
           | stuaxo wrote:
           | Thanks, this confused me, I assumed it was aught/zero and
           | couldn't parse it.
        
           | nwsm wrote:
           | People do use "aight" as slang, but I think this way probably
           | a typo.
        
           | oehtXRwMkIs wrote:
           | Weird, that's the first time I've ever seen it spelled with 2
           | L's. But it does make more sense than one L.
        
             | froh wrote:
             | Uh oh, all right, alright, so I learned two things here
             | today :-)
             | 
             | Thanks!
             | 
             | https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/all-right-
             | or-a...
        
       | dfilppi wrote:
       | The state doesn't make good parents. Shocking.
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | _" The state, however, has since returned to high-level
       | dysfunction, including a recent case in which foster kids were
       | being transported in handcuffs and leg shackles -- a practice
       | that has now been prohibited"_
       | 
       | I wonder what the sequence of events was where nobody said
       | anything about putting shackles on kids that aren't prisoners or
       | being arrested.
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | Guess anyone with a shred of empathy was long gone before
         | shackling kids came up.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | I'm surprised that nobody balked just for self-preservation
           | reasons. I'd certainly be concerned about the legalities of
           | shackling someone. Sounds like kidnapping to me.
        
         | sonotathrowaway wrote:
         | Don't underestimate how unruly, disobedient, and oftentimes
         | violent these children are.
         | 
         | In the best case, these children have been traumatized by their
         | removal from a family, however dysfunctional. In the worst
         | cases, they've suffered abuses that make people support the
         | death penalty. While none of those scars is written on a
         | person, they do manifest in sudden outbursts of screaming,
         | hitting, stealing, and scores more destructive behaviors. For a
         | neglected child, negative attention is preferable to not
         | existing, and if acting out is the only way to make your
         | existence register to the outside world, so be it.
         | 
         | Many of those people who placed said children in shackles
         | aren't practiced in methods to manage traumatized children or
         | understanding of their past, and identify them as
         | 'problematic', not 'traumatized'.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | Has anyone checked the skin colour of those kids?
        
           | macspoofing wrote:
           | Let me rephrase that, but without the inflammatory
           | assumptions: Given that social workers are good people who do
           | very hard (thankless and low-paid) work - has anyone checked
           | what the reasons were for instituting this policy.
           | 
           | We're all in agreement that the agency needs to explain why
           | this policy was put in place (which has since been
           | prohibited), because it isn't normal to shackle kids and
           | potentially someone needs to be held accountable. But maybe
           | we can do that without impugning social workers as bigots -
           | don't you think?
        
         | macspoofing wrote:
         | >I wonder what the sequence of events was where nobody said
         | anything about putting shackles on kids that aren't prisoners
         | or being arrested.
         | 
         | I also wonder, because the default position is to not shackle
         | kids obviously. Social workers really are good people who try
         | their best in real hard situations (and dealing with 'at-risk'
         | foster kids is one of the hardest areas of social work). It may
         | be the case that this bad solution came out of solving
         | something, like kids running away, or physically hurting
         | themselves, other kids, or social workers - during transport.
         | It's not totally fair to impugn motives, as others in this
         | thread are, without at least understanding what it is they were
         | trying to solve.
         | 
         | Again .. I'm not justifying or excusing this policy, but I do
         | want to understand why this policy exists in context with
         | realities on the ground encountered by good people doing really
         | hard social work.
        
       | throwawaypali wrote:
       | Can we just go ahead and admit that the foster program is not
       | superior to the orphanages that it replaced?
        
         | yarcob wrote:
         | I think that in general foster families are better than group
         | homes. The problem is that most children shouldn't be taken
         | away in the first place.
        
           | macspoofing wrote:
           | >The problem is that most children shouldn't be taken away in
           | the first place.
           | 
           | Sure. To be clear though, the state doesn't really take
           | children away for no reason. I'm sure there are isolated
           | incidences, but in general, the kids who end up in the foster
           | care, did not land there because they came from loving stable
           | environments.
        
           | chopin24 wrote:
           | How do you run A/B to prove this hypothesis?
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Most kids are not taken away from their homes. The exceptions
           | horrible cases.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | No. You seem unaware of how bad the old orphanage system was.
        
       | everdrive wrote:
       | Do we know if these kids would have been better off in their own
       | homes? I don't have any statistics here, but one wonders if we
       | can measure the outcomes here. ie, is abusive stability better
       | than what the foster system produces?
        
         | jfrankamp wrote:
         | Recent research has swung the state child welfare policy
         | pendulum back toward this thesis in my state (Oregon) and a few
         | others I'm aware of., e.g. if the situation isn't totally
         | irredeemable, bio fam is the best in terms of average outcome.
        
       | mindvirus wrote:
       | As a relatively new parent, this is particularly heartbreaking.
       | It just seems so hopeless - why can't we as a society solve this,
       | whether through better resources for kids or for their parents?
       | 
       | There was another story following two homeless kids - think of
       | how much worse off they'll be with COVID and remote learning
       | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/11/19/nyregion/stud...
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Easy to say, but when you learn about the problem it is hard to
         | suggest an answer that might help.
        
         | balls187 wrote:
         | I felt the same heartbreak.
         | 
         | > why can't we as a society solve this
         | 
         | We can. We (collectively as a society) have chosen not to.
         | 
         | Foster kids don't vote, don't pay taxes, and their advocates
         | aren't nearly as well funded as those for many other special
         | interest groups.
        
           | balls187 wrote:
           | Also, fwiw--74 million Americans voted to reelect Donald
           | Trump, despite his policy that forcibly separated children
           | from their parents at the US Border...
        
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