[HN Gopher] BeagleV - An affordable RISC-V computer designed to ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       BeagleV - An affordable RISC-V computer designed to run Linux
        
       Author : pathompong
       Score  : 452 points
       Date   : 2021-01-13 13:06 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (beaglev.seeed.cc)
 (TXT) w3m dump (beaglev.seeed.cc)
        
       | fctorial wrote:
       | Where's the source code?
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | I don't think it's open source. RISC-V is an open ISA, but
         | implementations are not required to be open source (although
         | there are many implementations which are).
        
           | Pet_Ant wrote:
           | I like to think of it as an open-standard like where anyone
           | can download the TCK versus something where you need to pay
           | for the SPECs from ISO (for example Prolog is
           | https://www.iso.org/standard/21413.html which is 185EUR/$250
           | USD).
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | my123 wrote:
         | SiFive CPUs are just as closed as Arm ones, you just pay a
         | royalty to SiFive instead of Arm.
         | 
         | Only the ISA itself is open, (fast) implementations are not.
         | (for any commercial-grade one instead of academic projects)
        
         | coder543 wrote:
         | The marketing page indicates that the product isn't finished
         | yet.
         | 
         | Presumably, they will release schematics and such when the
         | device enters manufacturing, if they follow through on actually
         | being Open Hardware.
         | 
         | As others mention, the processor core designs probably won't be
         | open.
        
       | akmittal wrote:
       | Most RISC-V processors use really old node sizes. Even Raspberry
       | Pi is on 28nm.
       | 
       | To be more efficient and complete with mainstream processors a
       | move to 10/12nm is required.
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | I think everyone is well aware of that, but unless you're
         | making and able to sell millions of boards and have hundreds of
         | millions in cash flow, there's no real path to using 10nm or
         | smaller nodes. FWIW AllWinner are currently manufacturing 5
         | million RISC-V chips (with TSMC IIRC). I don't know what node
         | they are using.
        
           | akmittal wrote:
           | Raspberry Pi is sold in millions but still on 28nm
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | AllWinner's XuanTie 906 RISCV chip is supposedly 22nm.
           | 
           | https://www.cnx-
           | software.com/2020/11/09/xuantie-c906-based-a...
        
             | blacksmith_tb wrote:
             | With a claimed price of $12USD, too.
        
         | CameronNemo wrote:
         | I guess if you can spring for smaller node sizes, you can
         | spring for ARM licensing too.
        
       | TrueDuality wrote:
       | I've been unable to use Beagle boards in the past as they ship
       | with an old kernel and uboot without the sources to update or
       | config them (this was specifically with the black variant). It
       | probably had something to do with vendor NDAs with chipsets or
       | something but it made them entirely unusable to me and more
       | expensive than competitors by almost 2x to boot.
       | 
       | I would love a RISC-V board to play with that is a bit more
       | stable and about the size of a Raspberry Pi within a reasonable
       | price range. The SiFive development boards are pretty pricey,
       | definitely showcase hardware (look at all these peripherals or
       | this is basically a desktop computer!).
       | 
       | I'm hoping with the explicit call out of open hardware and open
       | software that this board won't have the same issues as the
       | Beaglebone Black...
        
         | bradstewart wrote:
         | The biggest reason I used them in production devices (and still
         | use them at home) was the eMMC. Which made it well worth the
         | price, even with the slow processor.
         | 
         | We had to work with the Balena.io (formerly resin.io) team to
         | get full hardware support on the BealgeBone Green Wireless
         | (wifi drivers were the biggest hangup, iirc) a few years, but
         | they were incredibly responsive and have done a fantastic job
         | maintaining a stable distro for these boards.
         | 
         | If you want a straightforward out-of-the-box experience, I
         | highly recommend Balena.io.
        
         | lsllc wrote:
         | Robert C. Nelson has been doing a stellar job of maintaining
         | the omap-image-builder repo:
         | 
         | https://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder
         | 
         | (and https://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu)
         | 
         | It's pretty easy to use to build an image for Debian
         | Buster/Stretch or Ubuntu Bionic Beaver, he has various
         | configurations that cover IoT, console only/headless, GUI and a
         | few other combos. It's pretty easy to create your own config
         | with the Kernel and packages that you want.
         | 
         | The images can be used for flashing to the eMMC via an SD card
         | (or via USB).
         | 
         | I've found images built this way to up very up to date and
         | absolutely rock solid thanks to Robert's curation.
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | The board I have has only 4GB of MMC on board which wasn't big
         | enough for the later versions of the OS, but you could boot off
         | of the SD instead if you held down a button on the board while
         | powering it up.
         | 
         | There was a way to tweak it so you didn't have to hold the
         | button down, but it was kinda involved IIRC so I never got
         | around to it.
        
         | bradfa wrote:
         | I've never had this problem with Beagle Boards and sources.
         | Sure the kernel or u-boot that ship with them might be slightly
         | older but sources have always been available.
         | 
         | And TI are quite decent at contributing to the upstream kernel
         | and u-boot trees. Generally only a few months after a new TI
         | SoC is announced there's enough support in the upstream u-boot
         | and kernel to boot the board and do some useful things.
         | Generally by the time silicon is buyable by mere mortals
         | mainline is in pretty decent shape.
        
         | Teknoman117 wrote:
         | The ubuntu on bbb team keeps up to date with the latest LTS
         | kernels. There is 5.4 support and 5.10 support is in progress.
         | 
         | The price wasn't so bad if you're in for the feature set
         | (mainly the IO features). Using the embedded PRU controllers
         | can replace the arduinos ones typically connects to their RPi.
         | 
         | However, BBB is very old now. A single core cortex-A8 is
         | abysmally slow.
         | 
         | Getting the GPU working was always a pain. But I always used
         | them headless so it wasn't an issue for me.
        
       | scoopr wrote:
       | Does it have an GPU? I can't quite decipher the specs.
       | 
       | Random googling suggests that SiFive have partnered with PowerVR
       | for GPU, which might even enable vulkan support, but I suppose
       | this SoC is not one of those?
        
         | archanox wrote:
         | As per the Ars link;
         | 
         | > The initial pilot run of BeagleV will use the Vision DSP
         | hardware as a graphics processor, allowing a full graphical
         | desktop environment under Fedora. Following hardware runs will
         | include an unspecified model of Imagine GPU as well.
        
           | pabs3 wrote:
           | Also, ImgTec are planning on writing and upstreaming open
           | drivers for Linux and mesa for another RISC-V based board, so
           | probably those drivers will work here too.
           | 
           | https://riscv.org/blog/2020/11/picorio-the-raspberry-pi-
           | like...
        
             | monocasa wrote:
             | I don't think that necessarily says that ImgTec will be
             | upstreaming the open drivers, more that they don't have a
             | better option at the moment and will be replacing closed
             | source components with each revision.
             | 
             | I hope they will, but I'll believe it when I see it.
             | They've been extremely allergic to open source in the past.
        
               | stragies wrote:
               | They've been delivering that vacuous promise every few
               | years. Being bought by Canyon Bridge, a private equity
               | fund owned by the Chinese government, a few years ago has
               | unfortunately not changed anything.
        
             | Narishma wrote:
             | Anybody know what changed their mind? As I recall, they've
             | always been pretty hostile to open source.
        
               | CameronNemo wrote:
               | Maybe the realization that they are not NVIDIA.
        
               | brucehoult wrote:
               | Apple dropping them?
        
       | throwmemoney wrote:
       | If the form factor is reduced to something like an NSLU2 you can
       | attach a large spinning disk and have a desktop server/NAS
       | device. i.e., an unlocked WD MY Cloud with open source community
       | android and iphone app for the device
        
       | mikece wrote:
       | Which will be generally available first: the BeagleV or the
       | Raspberry Pi 5?
        
       | mrweasel wrote:
       | Is there something inherently complicated in adding a SATA/M.2
       | port to board like this?
       | 
       | The RaspberryPi is also "disk-less", which to me is one of the
       | major limitations.
       | 
       | It's a super interesting little board, and I love that it's a
       | RISC-V, that could really help getting the CPU in the hands of
       | people. I just don't know enough about these things to understand
       | why there are no storage connectors (other than an SD card slot).
        
         | Rond wrote:
         | Check out Khadas VIM3
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | On the systems I can control, I do all work "disk-less". I
         | strongly prefer it. I like to keep programs and data
         | segregated. The basic setup on NetBSD is as follows, with
         | endless variations possible therefrom. The kernel(s) and
         | userland(s), along with bootloader(s), are on external media,
         | like an SD card or USB stick, marked read-only. There's a RAM-
         | disk in the kernel with a multi-call binary-based userland
         | (custom-made using BusyBox or crunchgen). After boot, a full
         | userland from external media or the network is mounted on
         | tmpfs-based or mfs-based overlay and then we chroot into the
         | full userland. From there, the work space is all tmpfs (RAM).^1
         | I can experiment to heart's content without jeopardising the
         | ability to reboot into a clean slate. The "user experience" is
         | also much faster than with disk-based. Any new "data" that is
         | to be retained for future use across reboots is periodically
         | saved to some USB or Ethernet connected storage media. I do not
         | use "cloud" for personal data. Sorry. This forces me to think
         | carefully about what needs to be saved and what is just
         | temporary. It helps prevent the accumulation of cruft. The
         | number one benefit of this for me though is that I can recover
         | from a crash instantly and without an internet connection. No
         | dependencies on any corporation.
         | 
         | This BeagleV looks like it would work well for me as it has
         | Ethernet and USB ports.
         | 
         | 1. With NetBSD, I can run out of memory with no major problems.
         | With Linux, this has not been the case. I have to be more
         | careful.
        
           | znpy wrote:
           | > 1. With NetBSD, I can run out of memory with no major
           | problems.
           | 
           | Could you elaborate a bit more on that, please ?
           | 
           | It's been a while since I last touched NetBSD, but I don't
           | remember anything special regarding that aspect.
        
         | brucehoult wrote:
         | https://www.crowdsupply.com/sifive/hifive-unmatched
         | 
         | PCIe, 16 GB DDR4, two M.2 (one for storage, one WIFI), quad
         | core 1.5 GHz (same cores as this board, but twice as many)
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | That's a little costly, but I guess development of a board
           | like that isn't cheap.
        
             | edsouza wrote:
             | The board has 16GB DDR4 memory on board, that's probably
             | one of the most costly components.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | 16GB DDR4 2400 DIMMs run about $67 retail. So about 1/10
               | of the total cost of that board. It's a little apples and
               | oranges, but since it seems like they just plucked down
               | the same 8 chips you'd find on a DIMM right to the board
               | maybe not that much.
               | 
               | I note that it has a PCIe x8 slot, but they don't have
               | drivers for a video card (or any card) yet so it's kinda
               | useless.
        
               | brucehoult wrote:
               | People have been running Radeon graphics cards with Linux
               | desktop and the open source driver on the predecessor
               | HiFive Unleashed board for literally three years already.
               | 
               | SiFive demonstrates the HiFive Unmatched using a $300
               | 150W Radeon RX580.
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVsnnYuvDXI
               | 
               | You can complain that you don't want to spend that much
               | on a graphics card [1] but you can't complain that it's
               | not supported.
               | 
               | [1] cheaper ones will work too
        
             | brucehoult wrote:
             | Existing is the first step. Prices will reduce in time --
             | probably quite rapidly.
        
         | qwerty456127 wrote:
         | Why would you need SATA when you have SD, also USB3 and Gigabit
         | Ethernet? I have no problem booting from the SD then accessing
         | data on my SATA drives using a USB-attached controller, also
         | plan to get a NAS.
         | 
         | Sure, it would be great to have connectors for everything and
         | support for every cool standard but these guys have to give up
         | all what is non-essential to keep it small, cheap and possible
         | to engineer by a small team.
        
           | tubularhells wrote:
           | Because he wants to run a file server from it. This too was
           | my first question.
        
             | EamonnMR wrote:
             | I'm running a file server with a pi and a USB enclosure for
             | a huge sata drive, and it works fine. Could be neater
             | though.
        
           | cogman10 wrote:
           | Honestly I just wish there was a faster standard than SD.
           | 100MB/s for solid state is just incredibly slow now-a-days.
           | 
           | There's no reason you couldn't kick SD transfer speeds up
           | towards SSD speeds other than the protocol doesn't allow for
           | it.
        
             | blkbjhjkl wrote:
             | I wish folks would stop conflating boot media and root
             | media. There's no reason your SD card has to consist of
             | anything more than u-boot.
             | 
             | SD is fantastically simple, so that the boot rom can get at
             | a bootloader without much effort (generally the bootrom
             | just looks at a memory offset on the mmc device). Once you
             | start speaking newer faster protocols, this simplicity is
             | lost. You're not likely going to find a bootrom that
             | implements all the bits needed to get u-boot from a sata
             | device.
             | 
             | In a perfect world, once these are no longer developer
             | devices, the mmc would be replaced with some spi flash (or
             | even an emmc) with just u-boot.
             | 
             | On 90% of embedded dev systems, you're better off thinking
             | of the sd card as a "bios chip" then a hard drive. The fact
             | you can also use it as a block device to store a rw
             | filesystem is almost incidental, and should probably be
             | avoided.
        
             | colejohnson66 wrote:
             | CFast is CompactFlash, but with a SATA-based interface (up
             | to ~600 MByte/sec) instead of IDE. It was designed because
             | video cameras were making too much data for CF to handle.
             | The downside is its size: 43x36x5 mm vs 15x11x1 mm for
             | microSD.
             | 
             | Also, CFast aren't as ubiquitous as microSD. I can go to
             | Target or Walmart and get a wide "selection" of microSD,
             | but I'd be hard pressed to find a CFast card. So the
             | chances of an SBC using CFast over eMMC or microSD is low.
        
           | tenebrisalietum wrote:
           | SD cards are fragile.
        
         | mlyle wrote:
         | No, not too complicated, though connectors of all kinds take
         | lots of space (both physical space and routing). Not to mention
         | the amount of power that SATA drives might take.
         | 
         | HardKernel/ODroid has things like the oDroid-HC4.
         | 
         | Also, USB3-to-SATA isn't completely crazy to do.
        
         | TimSchumann wrote:
         | If I had to guess, and this is just a guess, so take it with a
         | grain of salt. I'd bet most storage devices these days are just
         | thin wrappers around PCI-Express lanes, most of the hardware in
         | the silicon running that stuff is on die for AMD/Intel CPU's
         | and you likely run into cost/power/board space limitations in a
         | device like this
        
         | Octoth0rpe wrote:
         | FWIW, I believe the IO boards available for the Pi4 CM variants
         | have a PCIe slot that could use used for storage:
         | https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/compute-module-4-io-boa...
         | 
         | Lack of sata/m.2 port is very frustrating to me.
        
           | mbreese wrote:
           | You can certainly use the PCIe support on the RPi 4 CM with a
           | SATA controller. Either with a PCIe SATA card on the IO board
           | you linked, or by building a custom board.
           | 
           | The Turing Pi project looks to do that with their next
           | version: https://turingpi.com/v2/
           | 
           | Should be much more stable than a USB3 connection.
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | Yes; SATA host controller is an extra if the SoC don't come
         | with one, connectors can't be cheap either. Too expensive as a
         | nice-to-have item.
        
         | happimess wrote:
         | I'm certainly no expert, but I've never been able to run a
         | spinning disk HDD off of a raspberry pi without a powered USB
         | hub. I imagine the thermals and form factor would be hurt
         | pretty badly by including a plausible power supply.
        
           | mceachen wrote:
           | Try a higher-quality power supply for your RPi.
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | Honestly even with a high quality supply I'd tend to prefer
             | if the drive were externally powered. I have flashbacks to
             | the first generation Pis that would brownout and reboot if
             | you plugged in a mouse or keyboard while it was running.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | It wouldn't need to be a spinning disk, I'm think SSD or NVME
        
             | mbreese wrote:
             | I still need to run an SSD off of a powered hub for an RPi
             | to use it stably.
        
               | hackmiester wrote:
               | Strange. What Pi? I've had a spinning 2.5" HDD connected
               | to a Pi 3B+ for a few years now.
        
           | artificialLimbs wrote:
           | Running a spinny 2.5" 1TB drive on my pi zerow using a
           | Samsung rapid charger to power the pi.
        
           | swebs wrote:
           | The Rasperry Pi 4 can power an 2.5 HDD just fine.
        
         | seabird wrote:
         | You would have to integrate a storage controller into your
         | design and verify that it works. It's not insurmountable, but
         | it's engineering time that has to go toward something that a
         | lot of people aren't ever going to use, along with an increase
         | in BOM cost.
        
         | lsb wrote:
         | You can get an SD card with 0.5TB capacity on it for USD$30,
         | what storage needs do you foresee? Also these tend to be used
         | where weight is an issue, so, why do you want to lug around a
         | huge disk?
        
           | MisterTea wrote:
           | SD cards are too slow to be of practical use as a general
           | purpose disk. They're fine when you have a very predictable
           | workload that does not involve a lot of disk IO.
        
           | cjbconnor wrote:
           | Nearly all SD cards that I've used in Pis and other SBCs have
           | died unpredictably in the past, so I've pretty much given up
           | on using them
        
             | megous wrote:
             | Using f2fs and setting up the SW on my SBCs to not write
             | data needlessly to SD card all the time (some programs are
             | really bad at this), and having a very high quality power
             | supply and cabling was enough to make my boards work for
             | years on a single SD card. Some are at 4 years currently
             | and still work fine. I'm using Sandisk only, since a few
             | years ago, because it's the only manufacturer that allows
             | me to verify online whether the card I bought is genuine
             | and provides A1 rated cards at the same time. Experience
             | with about 20 boards.
        
               | adrianstoll wrote:
               | Samsung provides authentication software for their sd
               | cards too.
        
               | novok wrote:
               | We shouldn't have to do that or special USB boot things
               | that don't integrate well with extra cables sticking out
               | of the form factor.
        
             | Drdrdrq wrote:
             | Same here. I now run them read only.
        
             | moftz wrote:
             | I have a special SD card made up that has all of the
             | correct boot configs set and a small script to update
             | everything and set up the Pi for PXE boot. After everything
             | is configured, I take out the SD card and let it just pull
             | boot images over the network. My main home server serves
             | everything up over tftp. The only downside is that you
             | can't get this to work over wifi. The wifi Pis get read
             | only SD cards that are all configured the same so it's easy
             | to reimage a new one if the card dies.
        
           | btreecat wrote:
           | How about _reliable_ storage needs?
        
             | numpad0 wrote:
             | SD in itself isn't technically unreliable. Lots of
             | smartphones do just fine with eMMC, which is same thing as
             | microSD card except in nonstandard IC chip form thus can't
             | carry SD branding.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | Practically they end up being really different. SD Cards
               | end up being bottom of the barrel flash chips (even from
               | the 'good' brands), whereas eMMC uses flash good enough
               | that you can count on it being non replaceable.
               | 
               | You want "industrial" cards from a vendor tailored to the
               | space. I wouldn't trust even those new industrial sandisk
               | cards.
        
               | jschwartzi wrote:
               | Yeah as someone who has deployed SD-based and eMMC-based
               | systems in industrial spaces, SD cards are hot garbage
               | compared to eMMC and I would strongly recommend not using
               | them in anything that needs to be reliable.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | There should be a market for people who will pay extra
               | for SD cards that:
               | 
               | 1. Absolutely don't lie about their capacity
               | 
               | 2. Have a reasonable MTBF
               | 
               | 3. Are reliably fast
               | 
               | But instead we're all dealing with an industry that raced
               | to the bottom years ago.
               | 
               | I'm concerned that the same mentality will infect the
               | eMMC market eventually and it will become impossible to
               | find quality parts after a couple of years.
        
           | jwandborg wrote:
           | An M.2 SSD is not huge. In my experience, SD cards are way
           | slower than SSDs for random access operations.
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | compiling on SSD is so slow. I once compiled an rpi kernel
             | on rpi just for fun and it took forever. Cross compiling is
             | the only way to go for now, unless you only have a small
             | project.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Raspberry Pis tend to be skimpy on memory. If it starts
               | swapping it's going to be slow even on a fast SSD.
        
           | hajile wrote:
           | I suspect they don't necessarily mean spinning platters. A
           | SATA port also allows the connection of an SSD which is
           | almost always a huge boost in usability over SD slots. The
           | fact that you can add a large platter for a small NAS
           | solution is just a nice option.
           | 
           | I'd far rather see a 2x PCIe port that could be used for
           | whatever you wanted.
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | I would love to see a Micro-ATX og Mini-ITX board with an
             | ARM or RISC-V CPU, with PCIe ports and storage connectors.
             | There are ARM boards, but they're a little pricy.
        
               | brucehoult wrote:
               | https://www.crowdsupply.com/sifive/hifive-unmatched
               | 
               | PCIe, 16 GB DDR4, two M.2 (one for storage, one WIFI),
               | quad core 1.5 GHz (same cores as this board, but twice as
               | many)
        
               | unwind wrote:
               | At $679, that's more than "a little pricey" to me at
               | least.
        
               | vhodges wrote:
               | https://turingpi.com/v2/ is coming (soon?!?). Uses 1-4 Pi
               | compute modules.
        
             | tachyonbeam wrote:
             | I think it's just that most people want to use the
             | Raspberry Pi for toy projects. They're trying to keep the
             | cost down, and to keep the board small. If you want
             | something like micro ATX ARM motherboard, that's a
             | different use case. The large majority of Raspberry Pi
             | users are fine with USB 3.0 ports for I/O.
        
               | tjoff wrote:
               | Most that are complaining about this just want something
               | reliable.
               | 
               | Raspberry pis are very popular as audio streamers, media
               | centers that streams of the network, home automations
               | etc.
               | 
               | But all or them greatly suffer from the fact that it can
               | randomly die on you. Which is quite frustrating.
               | 
               | The only sensible solution (imho) to this currently is
               | netbooting but it can be a hassle to setup in some cases.
               | 
               | An integrated 16GB emmc would do wonders for everything
               | mentioned above.
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | We have an alternative to the RPi that has an eMMC. It's
               | called a Beaglebone.
               | 
               | And everybody bitches that the board is too expensive.
        
               | hajile wrote:
               | A PI4 compute unit with 8GB of RAM instead of 1GB
               | (faster, DDR4 instead of DDR3 too) and 32GB eMMC and a
               | quad-core 64-bit CPU with much higher IPC while only
               | costing $90 which is around $50 cheaper than a
               | BeagleBoard AI (the same comparison exists for the Black
               | too). You also get direct PCIe access to do what you
               | want.
               | 
               | Beagle just doesn't offer anywhere near the same value.
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | The Black compared with the older RPi3. And everybody was
               | always "The RPi3 is cheaper".
               | 
               | The conversations always went like this:
               | 
               | "Cheaper? So, did you count the SD card you need for the
               | RPi?"
               | 
               | "But it's cheaper."
               | 
               | "And the special power supply because the RPi power
               | systems suck?"
               | 
               | "But it's cheaper."
               | 
               | "And the keyboard and monitor because it doesn't run
               | headless over USB?"
               | 
               | "But it's cheaper."
               | 
               | "... Okay, boss, it's cheaper. Go have fun."
               | 
               | And that's before we even start talking about the lousy
               | documentation of the RPi CPU chips. And the fact that the
               | Ethernet was installed over the USB. etc.
               | 
               | But the RPi was cheaper. Shrug. The guys at TI learned
               | their lesson. Throw everything off the board and make it
               | cheap--the hackers don't give a shit about anything else.
        
               | greyhair wrote:
               | Two different targets, I have used both. I have so many
               | 5V power supplies sitting around, they git in the way.
               | Including 12v/5v buck converters for auto stuff. You can
               | configure for headless when you set up the SD card before
               | you ever boot. I have never booted a Pi with attached
               | display/keyboard.
               | 
               | The Pi is cheap, for a reason, but it is still more
               | powerful than anything I use it for. But the same goes
               | for the Beagle Board.
               | 
               | Choose the board you want, for the project you are doing.
               | 
               | Note: For every RPi project I have done, I have done two
               | or three ESP8266/ESP32 projects along with five or six
               | AVR/M0/M2 Arduino projects.
        
               | tjoff wrote:
               | It doesn't have the same ecosystem. Which is half the
               | point of the rpi to start with.
               | 
               | But if you vouch for it I'll take a closer look.
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | > It doesn't have the same ecosystem. Which is half the
               | point of the rpi to start with.
               | 
               | Now _that 's_ a valid argument. And I would argue it's
               | way more than half.
               | 
               | If you want a one-off _mumblesomething_ and can stay at
               | the Linux OS level (ie. Web application, USB peripherals
               | or maybe the most basic of GPIOs), the RPi ecosystem is
               | going to let you get there _much faster_ even though it
               | will crash and burn occasionally. If that 's "good
               | enough" ... Douzou! ... Ganbatte! ... get moving and get
               | going.
               | 
               | I have the same comment about Arduino. It ain't real
               | reliable (but, to be fair, it's quite a bit more reliable
               | than the RPis), but the ecosystem is awesome.
               | 
               | However, when you start asking something like "Gee, how
               | do I send a single address byte over the I2C subsystem?"
               | or "That signal needs a response in 50 nanoseconds, can I
               | make that work?" you will thank the TI folks for
               | producing that 5000 page (not joking or exaggerating)
               | Technical Reference Manual.
               | 
               | One other thing that people who live in the RPi system
               | always overlook in the Beagle ecosystem are the PRU
               | cores. You can do _HARD_ real-time work on those and
               | still live in the Linux world. That 's something that the
               | RPi series just simply cannot do no matter how much you
               | hack at them. And it often means the difference between a
               | design which needs an FPGA and one that doesn't.
               | 
               | However, yes, you are going to live in that Technical
               | Reference Manual for the Beagle series. If you're not
               | comfortable doing that, then the Beagle stuff probably
               | isn't for you.
               | 
               | There are really good reasons to use and love RPi's--ease
               | of use is huge. But the whole "It's cheaper" thing just
               | chaps my hide.
        
               | tjoff wrote:
               | I'll take your word for it, but it sounds like a very
               | different use-case than most use the pis for though.
               | 
               | When you spend that much time with your device cost isn't
               | a factor (imho). But the pi is cheap enough that I can
               | gift one if I know the end result will work well. And it
               | is quite nice to just have one lying around for when you
               | get an itch.
               | 
               | Using netboot I have never had an issue with the pi. All
               | reliability problems I've experienced can be tracked down
               | bad power and SD-cards (note: I have not used any IO
               | other than USB). Both are annoying enough to look for
               | alternatives but both are also fixable (netbooting likely
               | disqualifies it for many usecases though).
               | 
               | Minimizing reads on the sd card usually means that they
               | work at least several years untouched (in my experience,
               | obviously limited sample size), which is likely good
               | enough for many (a true read-only system might work even
               | better). But when the audio streamer in the vacation
               | cabin dies when you aren't around to fix it is still
               | frustrating. So I'm in the moment of figuring out how to
               | move the last of them to be netbooted. Which has some
               | very nice side-effects as well, such as trivial remote
               | system backup+restores.
               | 
               | It also comes down to time. I know the pi and the
               | pitfalls. Researching an alternative would take many
               | hours and I'd still have to experience some of them. If
               | the goal of the project isn't to learn a new sbc then
               | that alone is a dealbreaker.
               | 
               | That said, PocketBeagle seems to support wifi netboot
               | (which neither the pi and pi zero w do). Might be able to
               | find a project for that!
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | The SD card on the Raspberry Pi is 50 MBps max, if I recall.
           | That's a little slow if you want to use it as a small
           | desktop.
           | 
           | I don't want to lug around anything, I want it to sit behind
           | my monitor. Also an M.2 drive isn't that big, it could fit in
           | many existing cases.
        
           | adamc wrote:
           | SD cards are kind of slow, though.
        
           | jug wrote:
           | Cheap, slow (as an operating system medium at least), and
           | unreliable. They're the modern day floppy disk. The one
           | upside is that the space is cheap and quite plentiful.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Mount a fileserver via NFS?
        
         | vhodges wrote:
         | You might be interested in the RockPro64 which comes with a
         | PCIe 2.0x4 slot for all your HBA needs.
         | 
         | https://wiki.pine64.org/wiki/ROCKPro64
         | 
         | https://pine64.com/product/rockpro64-4gb-single-board-comput...
        
         | rjsw wrote:
         | If you already have an SD card controller then an eMMC slot is
         | probably the easiest upgrade.
        
       | karakanb wrote:
       | The website is super slow. It downloads 7.66MB of files, and it
       | took 1.05min to load for me on a 2020 MBP with 150Mbps bandwidth
       | and ~15ms latency.
        
         | brucehoult wrote:
         | I didn't measure the size, but it loaded in 4 seconds here in
         | Chrome on Ubuntu, via VDSL.
        
         | zwirbl wrote:
         | From the Guidelines: Please don't complain about website
         | formatting, back-button breakage, and similar annoyances.
         | They're too common to be interesting. Exception: when the
         | author is present. Then friendly feedback might be helpful.
         | 
         | Still, the page loads in ~3secs on my 2012 i7-3770K with
         | 100Mbps...
        
           | stragies wrote:
           | The page is horrific though. 2 meters of scrolling for 7
           | sentences and 3 pics.
        
             | trollied wrote:
             | Welcome to the modern web :(
        
         | pizzazzaro wrote:
         | Noscript + ublock origin fixed that for me.
        
         | qalmakka wrote:
         | There's something wrong at your end, 1 minute to download 7.66
         | MBs is abysmally slow for a > 100 Mbps connection.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | cmrdporcupine wrote:
       | Interesting, I might get myself one of these to play with.
       | 
       | But the board has an HDMI output, however the description doesn't
       | describe the specifications on display processor / GPU
       | functionality, or even if it's just a simple framebuffer, etc.
       | There's specifications on Video processing, but I get the
       | impression this is for camera / video input, not output.
        
         | Narishma wrote:
         | According to [0] the first revision will just have a
         | framebuffer, later ones an unspecified Imagination GPU.
         | 
         | 0 - https://www.cnx-software.com/2021/01/13/beaglev-powerful-
         | ope...
        
           | stragies wrote:
           | That means PowerVR, most likely. Bad news, no useable drivers
           | ever existed for mainline linux kernel for any PowerVR CPU
        
             | pabs3 wrote:
             | ImgTec are planning on writing and upstreaming open drivers
             | for Linux and mesa for another RISC-V based board, so
             | probably those drivers will work here too.
             | 
             | https://riscv.org/blog/2020/11/picorio-the-raspberry-pi-
             | like...
        
               | stragies wrote:
               | Haven't they been promising that since about 3 years? As
               | far as I know, that never materialized.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | Arstechnica says this:
         | 
         |  _" The initial pilot run of BeagleV will use the Vision DSP
         | hardware as a graphics processor, allowing a full graphical
         | desktop environment under Fedora. Following hardware runs will
         | include an unspecified model of Imagine GPU as well."_
         | 
         | https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/01/seeed-and-beagleboar...
        
       | joshlk wrote:
       | What features makes it "designed for Linux"?
        
         | vhodges wrote:
         | Most risc-v cores to date have been more on the micro-
         | controller side of things (ie without an MMU). The cpu on this
         | board has one so it can run Linux.
        
         | nickwanninger wrote:
         | Likely that it supports the Supervisor execution environment
         | from the riscv spec [1]. This means it can run the typical ring
         | 0 and ring 3 for kernelspace and userspace respectively, and
         | importantly the board supports virtual memory.
         | 
         | [1] https://riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/riscv-
         | privilege...
        
       | wheybags wrote:
       | This looks really awesome. It's been a longstanding desire of
       | mine to build a custom laptop with one of these powerful small
       | SOCs (originally thought of something like the lattepanda, which
       | is similar to an Intel macbook air, but as a slightly bigger tan
       | pi soc).
       | 
       | Would be super awesome to do it with riscv
        
       | filleokus wrote:
       | What kind of performance is expected from this compared to say
       | the RPi 4B? Any noteworthy changes in performance characteristics
       | (e.g better/worse I/O or something)?
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | Highly unlikely to be very competitive. At this stage it's
         | about getting RISC-V hardware into developers' hands, and
         | previous boards either cost $1000 or were limited in ways where
         | they could not run Linux well. (I am one of the Fedora/RISC-V
         | maintainers.)
        
           | deepGem wrote:
           | Just saw this SiFive board HiFive is retailing for $679, can
           | you please comment if this is any good for toying around ?
           | Specs look more than decent - almost desktop class computing.
           | 
           | https://www.crowdsupply.com/sifive/hifive-unmatched
        
             | rwmj wrote:
             | I have a couple on order, and I've talked to one of the
             | developers. It looks nice - PCIe, NVRAM SSDs, mini ITX
             | format, 16GB RAM, more cores, etc - but not in the same
             | price point or market segment as an SBC. We will likely buy
             | a pile of them to do Fedora builds.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | Why would you want use these as build machines? It seems
               | more efficient to just cross-compile on your fastest
               | build machines. You get much faster CI feedback that way.
               | Obviously you want to validate RISC-V code on native
               | devices but using them as builders seems wasteful.
               | 
               | I'm genuinely curious why that's desirable. Maybe I just
               | misunderstand your comment and you want the RISC-V boards
               | for validation i.e. make sure you can self-host the
               | distro even if in general releases are cross-compiled on
               | your (I assume AMD64) build fleet.
        
               | FullyFunctional wrote:
               | I'm sure the Fedora builds aren't designed for cross
               | compilation (which is far from trivial for most packages
               | not designed for it). Also, man-power is the most
               | precious resource so it would be a waste to spend time
               | trying to cross-compile what could be built natively.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | As long as you've got the target toolchain on the host,
               | the code has no idea it's being cross compiled. If you've
               | got the tooling set up it's a lot of setting of envars.
               | It's not trivial but it's also not super difficult. A
               | compiler running native on an architecture doesn't
               | produce any different output than the same compiler doing
               | a cross compilation.
               | 
               | Even if you wanted to run a native RISC-V build process,
               | running it in QEMU on a much more powerful AMD64 system
               | will get you the same results in a fraction of the time.
               | This gets much faster feedback in the CI system.
        
               | eclipseo76 wrote:
               | > We will likely buy a pile of them to do Fedora builds.
               | 
               | Do you expect a lot of things to break on RISCV?
        
             | anderspitman wrote:
             | Looks like you can get it from Mouser for $665 as well:
             | 
             | https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/SiFive/HF105-000?qs=zW
             | 3...
             | 
             | Found that link from this SiFive page:
             | 
             | https://www.sifive.com/boards/hifive-unmatched
        
             | caeril wrote:
             | This looks great, thanks!
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | The Rpi4B has a Quad-core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC @ 1.5
         | GHz with 1MB L2 cache. The A72 claims 4.7 DMIPS/MHz.
         | 
         | This board has a Dual-core U74 (RV64GC) 64-bit SoC @ 1.5 GHz
         | with 2MB L2 cache. The U74 claims 2.5 DMIPS/MHz.
         | 
         | So, roughly 1/4 as fast as a RPIi 4B given the roughly half
         | DMIPS/MHz and half the cores?
         | 
         | That, of course, is a really rough guess, ignoring lots of
         | potential variables.
        
           | brucehoult wrote:
           | The CPU cores are comparable to the ARM A55, rather than the
           | A72.
           | 
           | It's more MHz and a better uarch than the cores in a Pi 3, so
           | should outperform even the newer Pi 3+ on tasks that don't
           | use NEON and don't use more than 2 cores.
        
             | jgjot-singh wrote:
             | Would this have any sort of meaningful impact on
             | sound/music related processing? E.g I am thinking of vst
             | applications running inside DAWs
        
               | asd4 wrote:
               | On the list of features: "Dedicated Audio Processing DSP
               | and sub-system".
               | 
               | The hardware might be there to do some good audio
               | processing, but how it integrates with the OS is
               | something I'm not experienced with.
        
       | miohtama wrote:
       | Is video hardware also open source like RISC V CPU?
        
       | WatchDog wrote:
       | Is the SiFive U74 open source?
       | 
       | I know the RISC-V ISA is, but I thought the SiFive designs were
       | proprietary.
        
         | stragies wrote:
         | The processor maybe, but what about the e.g. USB3 controller,
         | WIFI, etc, that can also freely snoop around your memory. Are
         | there even open USB3 implementations?
        
           | joana035 wrote:
           | > that can also freely snoop around your memory.
           | 
           | Can them? Even with IOMMU?
           | 
           | EDIT: I don't think so.
        
             | chem83 wrote:
             | Is there an IOMMU specification standardized on RISC-V yet?
             | I think it's just some early proposals.
             | 
             | Or proprietary designs that achieve similar functionality
             | such as Hex Five and WorldGuard.
             | 
             | Am I right?
        
         | gjsman-1000 wrote:
         | Open source refers solely to the software side of things in
         | these groups and types of projects. Thus, all of the drivers
         | and software you need to use the SiFive is open source and thus
         | you can say it is an open source design. However, it is not an
         | "open hardware" design in that the IP used to design the chip
         | is not released.
        
           | coder543 wrote:
           | > However, it is not an "open hardware" design in that the IP
           | used to design the chip is not released.
           | 
           | The marketing page for the BeagleV specifically says "Open
           | Hardware Design", but I agree that they probably didn't mean
           | Open Hardware beyond just the PCB layout or something
           | similar.
           | 
           | It would be very surprising if they released the detailed
           | schematics for the SiFive cores. Until there's some kind of
           | common micro-fab standard where every major university can
           | have a legit semiconductor fab for small scale operations,
           | giving people the design doesn't really do much.
           | 
           | I really wish that someone would work on the problem of
           | making affordable, small-scale semiconductor fabrication
           | possible on a reasonably modern node (<= 32nm). It's a hard
           | problem... but everyone in the world being dependent on a few
           | large fabs is also a hard problem.
        
             | jdkticom wrote:
             | Correct. This is open at the ISA, PCB and software level,
             | not the chip RTL.
             | 
             | Still, it is a step forward.
             | 
             | For something more open at the RTL level, I'd look at
             | Precuror (https://www.crowdsupply.com/sutajio-
             | kosagi/precursor) right now.
             | 
             | Speaking as someone at Beagle, we see this board as an
             | important step to more openness in the ecosystem,
             | especially helping software developers improve the state of
             | open source for RISC-V. It is also just a really cool
             | board. Beagle will do more to try to get more openness at
             | the RTL-level moving forward, perhaps even with FPGA boards
             | at an interim step. The shuttle services are starting to
             | make releasing a new chip design in reasonably modern nodes
             | more possible.
        
         | ipodopt wrote:
         | Some of them are open source: https://github.com/sifive/freedom
         | 
         | So this board has an open source CPU:
         | https://www.sifive.com/boards/hifive1-rev-b
         | 
         | This does not: https://www.sifive.com/boards/hifive-unmatched
         | 
         | Although, I get the feeling they will open source design on a
         | rolling basis. Pure speculation.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | Looks like their Hard IP is proprietary but based on open high-
         | level designs such as Rocket and BOOM. The peripherals
         | situation is mixed, but they've stated in the past that they're
         | quite OK with using open designs whenever feasible.
        
           | my123 wrote:
           | The high-level design is proprietary too.
           | 
           | As I said elsewhere, SiFive CPUs are just as closed as Arm
           | ones, you just pay a royalty to SiFive instead of Arm.
        
             | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
             | This is not correct. Anyone can design and build a RISC-V
             | CPU without ever getting permission from anyone.
             | 
             | Anything that uses the ARM ISA on the other hand requires a
             | (costly) licence from ARM.
             | 
             | SiFive has its own proprietary *implementation" buty that's
             | not required, and there are many free open source
             | implementations.
        
             | sitkack wrote:
             | They aren't for the customers of SiFive. What is your
             | greater point with this comment? That SiFive isn't Open
             | Source or that they are equivalent to Arm?
             | 
             | This video from SiFive clearly explains the RISC-V
             | ecosystem and how SiFive is involved.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmGIJMYwWNw
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | Arm provides Verilog source code of their CPU cores for
               | their customers. It's an industry standard practice.
        
               | sitkack wrote:
               | You haven't said anything about SiFive.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > The high-level design is proprietary too.
             | 
             | They have source code files for their 'Freedom' core
             | designs up on GitHub under an Apache 2.x license. These can
             | be directly used to evaluate their designs as FPGA soft-
             | cores.
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | The SoC, with the Rocket core used. This is very
               | different from SiFive's own U series cores, which are
               | proprietary.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | SiFive has E-series (aka "Freedom Everywhere") and
               | U-series (aka "Freedom Unleashed") cores, both of which
               | seem to be based on Rocket. And they do provide high-
               | level designs for both on their GitHub, under a free
               | license.
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | High-level designs of the SoC, not of those cores
               | themselves is public for some platforms.
               | 
               | Based on whatever for the core doesn't matter, as the
               | cores themselves in any case diverge quite a lot from
               | Rocket.
        
       | basher wrote:
       | Arstechnica coverage:
       | https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/01/seeed-and-beagleboar...
        
         | Narishma wrote:
         | There's something wrong with that page in Firefox. It pegs a
         | whole CPU core and eats tons of memory.
        
         | sradman wrote:
         | > Although the first hardware run will be entirely $140 / 8GiB
         | systems, lower-cost variants with less RAM are expected in
         | following releases.
         | 
         | > The initial pilot run of BeagleV will use the Vision DSP
         | hardware as a graphics processor, allowing a full graphical
         | desktop environment under Fedora. Following hardware runs will
         | include an unspecified model of Imagine GPU as well.
         | 
         | Sounds like a direct competitor to the Raspberry Pi. I don't
         | know if the Imagine GPU planned for the next iteration is
         | playing catch-up or leapfrog. The Arstechnica article links to
         | _SiFive creates global network of RISC-V startups_ [1] which I
         | think demonstrates that SiFive is strategically leveraging or
         | responding to the geopolitics surrounding Chinese technology.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.eenewsanalog.com/news/sifive-creates-global-
         | netw...
        
           | wiremine wrote:
           | > Sounds like a direct competitor to the Raspberry Pi.
           | 
           | I would consider the Black and Green to be competitors too.
           | 
           | https://beagleboard.org/
           | 
           | Would be really interested to get a good analysis of the
           | Raspberry Pi, BB Black, and this new board.
        
             | lsllc wrote:
             | Regarding the BBB/BBG, in the last 3-5 years the RPis have
             | gotten significantly faster (RPi3 & 4) and gone 64-bit
             | whereas the BBB & BBG haven't changed much (aside from a
             | bit more eMMC and a very minor CPU bump) since they were
             | launched. These days the 1GHZ 32-bit AM3358 (BBB RevC) is
             | comparatively much slower and with only 512MB RAM, that's a
             | lot less than a stock RPi 4.
             | 
             | Having said that, the BBBs are a great device! They're rock
             | solid and have far better I/O options than the RPi: 4
             | UARTS, multiple I2C, SPI & CAN buses, EHRPWM, a ton of
             | GPIO, 2x PRU processors, LCD driver, both USB and USB
             | Gadget, oh and of course, the onboard eMMC is great
             | compared to booting from an SD.
             | 
             | So I'm psyched about the Beagle-V.
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | >>* _SiFive is strategically leveraging or responding to the
           | geopolitics surrounding Chinese technology.*_
           | 
           | interesting subtext.
           | 
           | We should all be debating HW WRT the fact that you can't name
           | a single device (aside from weapons) that does not contain a
           | single-non-chinese-manufactured component...
           | 
           | every phone or machine is almost 100% chinese built.
           | 
           | "designed by apple in cupertino california" (but made with
           | slave labor from congo, china and other countries)
           | 
           | And we already know about all the backdoors both China and
           | the US do...
           | 
           | FFS we have known about Eschelon since the 70s - the
           | carnivor, room 641A, etc... etc....
        
             | sradman wrote:
             | Indeed, the geopolitics works both ways. I think the
             | Chinese are looking at RISC-V as a safe-guard against
             | American embargoes of the kind that killed/maimed
             | HiSilicon, the non-Chinese nation-states are looking for
             | full transparency of silicon design, and the manufacturers
             | want full access to a truly global market that includes
             | China. I'm not sure that SiFive RISC-V designs can be
             | competitive with ARM/x64 in the short-term but the
             | geopolitics creates a potential niche.
             | 
             | I think you are conflating assembly and manufacturing. TSMC
             | is Taiwanese and Samsung is South Korean. Personally I'd
             | prefer that all nation-states and their security
             | organizations followed the Golden Rule and promoted free
             | trade rather than protectionism.
             | 
             | > made with slave labor from congo, china and other
             | countries
             | 
             | I don't equate low-wage manufacturing/assembly with
             | exploitation and certainly not slavery but I understand
             | that this is a common metaphor. _Contemporary slavery_ [1]
             | is a real thing and, until I see contrary evidence, I 'm
             | assuming it makes zero contribution to high-tech assembly
             | or manufacturing.
             | 
             | [1]
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery#Contemporary_slavery
        
               | samstave wrote:
               | You have my upvote, but not my agreement;
               | 
               | We have min wage in the US, and even that is not equal
               | across all states - we do not have UBI or universal
               | health care, we have shitty industries, such as insurance
               | (forced hedge funds) and in general, we have brainwashing
               | people to accept it as normal.
               | 
               | fuck that.
               | 
               | YC even wants you to think that all VC is all-truistic
               | NOPE.
        
           | rhn_mk1 wrote:
           | Imagination GPU :( Notorious for being hard to support in
           | open source. I'm not even sure there was a single free driver
           | for those.
           | 
           | That likely means those devices are going to be stuck on an
           | outdated kernel, unless Imagination steps in and provides
           | ongoing binary support for newer kernels for their GPUs like
           | x86 GPU manufacturers do. However, this being RISC-V with 2
           | existing devices total, I don't count on it.
           | 
           | So close, yet so far.
        
           | blihp wrote:
           | Except for cost... which has been a problem for the
           | BeagleBoard line of SBC's since the beginning. They actually
           | predated the original Raspberry Pi by a couple of years but
           | when the Pi came in at ~25% of the cost, they caught up and
           | overtook the BeagleBoard in popularity fast. The BeagleV
           | looks interesting from an early adopter standpoint but the
           | hobbyist market will probably standardize around whatever
           | decent RISC-V board comes in at sub-$50 first.
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | To me, they seem to serve different markets. The various
             | BeagleBoards have more industrial specs like a wider
             | operating temperature range, on-board EMMC, etc. Also, the
             | pair of PRU's make them useful for things where more
             | precise timing is important.
        
       | farseer wrote:
       | Can't find any cost information
        
         | bahorn wrote:
         | The google form lists the prices in an image:
         | 
         | * $119 for 4GB of RAM
         | 
         | * $149 for 8GB of RAM
         | 
         | But the early version apparently is only the 8GB variant.
        
         | michielr wrote:
         | I just got an email from Seeed Studio
         | 
         | > BeagleV(tm) is the first affordable RISC-V board designed to
         | run Linux. Based on the RISC-V architecture, BeagleV(tm) pushes
         | open-source to the next level and gives developers more freedom
         | and power to innovate and design industry-leading solutions
         | with an affordable introductory price at $149.
        
       | ARandomerDude wrote:
       | The type of questions in the application questionnaire ("Click to
       | Apply") is encouraging -- it makes me think they anticipate some
       | real professional interest in this.
        
       | chiffre01 wrote:
       | Is there a list of RISC-V CPUs in production someplace?
        
         | coder543 wrote:
         | I'm not sure if this is comprehensive, but it lists a good
         | number of companies implementing RISC-V.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RISC-V#Implementations
        
       | ashleysmithgpu wrote:
       | "Open source" with nvidia hardware? Good luck with that
        
         | orbifold wrote:
         | nvdla is actually open source including (most?) of the low
         | level software: https://github.com/nvdla
        
           | jdkticom wrote:
           | correct, no NVIDIA hardware, just their NVDLA project which
           | is open source. http://nvdla.org.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | spurdoman77 wrote:
       | Why the linux boards are always designed to be cheap? What about
       | those who have little more dough and are willing to put some cash
       | to get extra? Just create some expensiver premium models, not
       | only cheap stuff, damn it.
        
         | yiyus wrote:
         | Because, obviously, everyone wants to be the RISC raspberry.
         | Becoming the expensive-alternative-to-raspberry-nobody-knows-
         | about is not so attractive.
         | 
         | Moreover, it looks to me like these cheap boards are not
         | lacking features. What would you want in a premium version that
         | is not present in the current models?
        
         | Teknoman117 wrote:
         | A few suggestions there:
         | 
         | - hardkernel boards
         | 
         | - Nvidia Jetson AGX Xavier (8 core + 512 CUDA core volta GPU,
         | PCIe 4.0)
         | 
         | - Honeycomb LX2 (16 core, quad SFP+ (for 10G optics), PCIe 4.0)
         | 
         | I purchased an AGX Xavier for doing some self driving robot
         | projects.
        
         | ansible wrote:
         | HiFive Unmatched has up to 16GB of RAM:
         | 
         | https://www.sifive.com/boards/hifive-unmatched
         | 
         | But it is a little pricey.
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | Because the expensive stuff doesn't sell.
         | 
         | At the end of the day most of these are just toys and it's hard
         | to justify spending $850 on a device that is less capable than
         | a $500 mini form factor OEM box if you're doing something
         | serious.
        
       | pantalaimon wrote:
       | What does affordable mean in that context? There is no price on
       | the website.
       | 
       | edit: CNX Software has some more info [0] - it's $119, still a
       | far cry from a Raspberry Pi or Orange Pi
       | 
       | [0] https://www.cnx-software.com/2021/01/13/beaglev-powerful-
       | ope...
        
         | messe wrote:
         | $149 for 8GB of RAM on a RISC-V board is _very_ affordable
         | compared to the previous options.
        
           | StreamBright wrote:
           | For that price you can get a decent SOC with ARM64 too.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | You pay more to have something Free. Software people have
             | yet to realise this reality of the hardware market.
        
             | patrec wrote:
             | That's not the point. Risc-V machines are not yet price
             | competitive, but presumably will be at some point. This is
             | for people who are interested enough in Risc-V to spend
             | some time and a ~$100 on it, but not thousands of of
             | dollars. And the main reason many people are interested in
             | Risc-V over Arm is that it's open and license free.
        
         | brucehoult wrote:
         | Raspberry Pi 4 with 8 GB RAM is $75, and that's not counting a
         | power supply, SD card, or HDMI cable. Adding those at pishop.us
         | (16 GB card) takes the price to $95.85.
         | 
         | We don't know whether the BeagleV price includes those
         | necessary items or not but either way coming within a factor of
         | 2 of Raspberry Pi price is pretty impressive at this stage. Up
         | until now you've paid $3000 for a 1.5 GHz RISC-V setup with
         | HDMI and USB etc, if you've got one actually in your hands
         | (HiFive Unleashed plus MicroSemi HiFive Expansion board), or
         | $665 for one that will start delivery in March (HiFive
         | Unmatched). There is also the $499 Icicle which is quad core
         | but only single-issue (like the HiFive Unleashed) and only 600
         | MHz.
         | 
         | Prices are plummeting.
        
       | pedrocr wrote:
       | > All GPIOs can be configured to different functions including
       | but not limited to SDIO, Audio, SPI, I2C, UART and PWM
       | 
       | Does supporting audio mean that these GPIOs can be used as
       | analog-to-digital converters? There are home automation
       | applications where reading a voltage in an ethernet connected
       | device is a good fit but from what I've seen in a raspberry that
       | requires extra hardware connected to the IO ports.
        
         | monocasa wrote:
         | It probably means I2S.
        
           | pedrocr wrote:
           | Makes sense. Just another digital bus. Bummer.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C2%B2S
        
             | monocasa wrote:
             | Eh, a decent audio DAC pretty much requires another chip
             | since it takes up a ton of die space, so you'd be an
             | absolute fool to use the same process node as your logic.
             | Since this looks to be beagleboard compatible, you should
             | be able to use an audio cape like this https://www.element1
             | 4.com/community/docs/DOC-67906/l/beagleb...
             | 
             | If you don't care about it being decent, you can just use
             | the PWM channels like the RPi does.
        
               | pedrocr wrote:
               | I don't really want audio. What I'm looking for is to
               | read 3.3V or 5V analog levels, with really low frequency,
               | once a second or less would be fine.
        
               | jononor wrote:
               | Many cheap and easy to interface I2C and SPI chips for
               | that, which is the way the industry is going generally.
               | Or throw in a tiny Arduino with stock Firmata firmware,
               | and use that as an I/O extender.
        
               | pedrocr wrote:
               | That's the extra hardware I mentioned. I guess I wish the
               | RPi just included one of those chips and had say 4 to 8
               | pins for ADC. It would make things simpler versus having
               | to find something already well integrated or building it.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | In that case you can probably hook up the GPIOs to a
               | resistor ladder if you know the shape of the analog
               | signal you're trying to sample.
        
         | qchris wrote:
         | As an aside, I really wish that these boards would include more
         | than two PWM outputs. The Raspberry Pi has two as well, and it
         | feels really limiting. Analog control instead gets farmed out
         | to microcontrollers, when you could probably make it work with
         | a single board if there were more pins to work with.
        
           | Youden wrote:
           | I'm curious, what do you do with so many PWM outputs?
           | 
           | I just play with electronics for side projects but stick to
           | digital for everything, so I'm wondering what I'm missing out
           | on.
        
           | Teknoman117 wrote:
           | I used to love the beaglebone for that. Run application logic
           | on the main arm core, farm the microcontroller stuff out to
           | the embedded PRU microcontrollers (which could access all the
           | IO functions). Still a single board solution.
        
             | qchris wrote:
             | I agree-as far as I know, the BBB had something like 8 PWM
             | channels. I'm not saying you need all of them, but at least
             | 4 seems somewhat reasonable.
        
       | alkonaut wrote:
       | Can someone explain the technical benefits of this architecture
       | over the competition? That is should I be excited if I _don 't_
       | care about e.g. openness? Or is it simply an effort to create
       | something that is a half-decent cpu alternative but open?
       | 
       | Is there anything about RISC-V that is "better" simply because it
       | is a later design than others? Is it likely to evolve faster
       | because it is open or more modern?
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | I think in the real world _" No percentage of each sale
         | payments to ARM"_ is what will drive RISC-V. An "open" ISA
         | doesn't force anything else to be open.
         | 
         | So, use cases like Western Digital, where they can quit paying
         | ARM a percentage of every hard drive they sell, for example.
         | 
         | As for technical advantages, each RISCV vendor has their own
         | choice of how to implement, so it's hard to say anything broad
         | that applies to all RISCV implementations. The Berkeley BOOM
         | project is hitting really good DMIPS/MHz numbers. LowRISC has
         | some interesting memory tagging and "minion core" ideas, etc.
         | 
         | Edit: I left out perhaps the most important reason RISCV has a
         | lot of hype. They've been successful getting first class
         | support from the Linux kernel maintainers.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | > quit paying ARM a percentage
           | 
           | The percentage is very small, though. So this argument only
           | works for very high volume use cases, which is why the RISC-V
           | eval boards are currently far more expensive than comparable
           | ARMs.
           | 
           | Do WD do their own silicon yet, or do they just buy the
           | parts?
        
             | nickik wrote:
             | WD has their own cores and they are OpenSource. Very nice
             | designs. They also spend a lot of money on the open source
             | ecosystem for chip development.
             | 
             | See:
             | 
             | - https://www.westerndigital.com/company/innovations/risc-v
             | 
             | - https://chipsalliance.org/
             | 
             | - https://github.com/chipsalliance/Cores-SweRV
        
             | blihp wrote:
             | Hasn't WD been doing their own silicon (at least from a
             | design standpoint, they still use someone else's fab)
             | precisely because the 'small percentage' ARM charges
             | matters for their margins? In a world where we have ESP-01
             | boards which _retail_ for $2, even a couple of percent
             | matters.
        
             | reportingsjr wrote:
             | How many ARM microcontrollers are low volume? Pretty much
             | all of the examples I can think of are incredibly high
             | volume. STM32, SAMD21/51, i.MX, etc.
             | 
             | WD said they were finishing taping out their first
             | production design about a year and a half ago, so I assume
             | they have started shipping them at this point, but it's
             | hard to find info.
        
             | Narishma wrote:
             | They design them. I don't know if they make them or not.
        
         | ansible wrote:
         | > _Is there anything about RISC-V that is "better" simply
         | because it is a later design than others?_
         | 
         | A lot of it is because it is newer, and the designers have
         | learned from previous architectures. It is a relatively clean
         | and straightforward instruction set, designed to be easily and
         | efficiently implemented.
         | 
         | There's not anything that is super crazy revolutionary, in
         | contrast to the (still vaporware) Mill CPU architecture.
         | 
         | > _Is it likely to evolve faster because it is open or more
         | modern?_
         | 
         | They have a good extension mechanism that allows relatively
         | clean additions to the instruction set. Some of the recent ones
         | like the vector extension aren't finalized yet. Anyone can
         | propose their own extension. Historically, ARM might work with
         | their most important customers to implement an extension, but
         | good luck getting their attention if you're not already paying
         | them millions per year.
        
           | drewm1980 wrote:
           | The mill has been in development for... 18 ~years now! Soon
           | they will be able to hire engineers who are actually younger
           | than the company. I wonder if there has ever been a tech
           | company that survived so long without bringing a product to
           | market. Duke Nukem Forever took ~14 years.
        
             | CyberDildonics wrote:
             | Their product is hardware patents.
        
               | ansible wrote:
               | I would be happy if they just released a instruction-
               | level simulator to play around with.
               | 
               | It would also be super-nice if they released at least a
               | Copper or Tin core (low-end) that can be synthesized to
               | an FPGA for people to try out.
        
               | acehreli wrote:
               | That's patently wrong. :) I worked for the Mill for a
               | while The Mill is as real as it gets. EDIT: No, there is
               | no actual CPU but the software, the compiler, the
               | simulator, etc. exist.
        
               | CyberDildonics wrote:
               | Where does their income come from? When is the CPU going
               | to be released?
        
             | ansible wrote:
             | From what I understand, all the developers have day jobs or
             | are independently wealthy and can afford to work on it
             | without (much?) pay. They haven't accepted VC money, even
             | though that would likely have sped up development
             | considerably.
        
             | mhh__ wrote:
             | According to Ivan on their forums (so take this with a
             | grain of salt as it's from the horses mouth rather than an
             | external assessment) they were apparently supposed to be
             | levelling-up in the summer of 2020.
             | 
             | They have at least secured a decent patent portfolio,
             | particularly on the belt.
        
         | jdkticom wrote:
         | One of the other replies points to the RISC-V extensions
         | feature. I think for someone who "doesn't care about openness"
         | would at least benefit from that in the architecture. It means
         | the same compiler can be used to bootstrap things and simple
         | steps can be added to greatly optimize specific types of code,
         | like AI stuff. This board really stands out in AI performance.
         | 
         | Also, having things open means that the supply-chain can be
         | more stable, with less chances of a single glitch in the system
         | halting deliveries for any time. This is driving a lot of
         | interest in RISC-V right now.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Compared to ARM, nothing significant. They're very similar
         | load-store architectures.
         | 
         | Here's a RISC-V quick reference:
         | https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/teaching/1617/ECAD+Arch/files/docs/...
         | 
         | And ARM:
         | http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~valvano/Volume1/QuickReferenceC...
         | 
         | The main difference is that RISC-V is a lot more modular, so
         | it's going to be difficult to distribute binaries for but more
         | flexible if you're doing something completely vertical. Also a
         | lot of the modules have bundle relatively common/easy
         | instructions with niche/difficult ones. E.g. multiply with
         | divide.
        
           | hajile wrote:
           | > The main difference is that RISC-V is a lot more modular,
           | so it's going to be difficult to distribute binaries for but
           | more flexible if you're doing something completely vertical.
           | Also a lot of the modules have bundle relatively common/easy
           | instructions with niche/difficult ones. E.g. multiply with
           | divide.
           | 
           | I don't think it'll be worse than ARM and it's decidedly
           | better than x86.
           | 
           | There are SEVEN _major_ revisions of ARMv8. Then there 's
           | v8-R, v8-M, and additional 32-bit variants of each
           | instruction set in addition to both ARMv7 and ARMv6 which
           | also still ship billions of chips per year. Oh, and under
           | pressure from companies, ARM also allows custom instructions
           | now. Those aren't just theoretical either -- Apple at least
           | added a ton of custom matrix instructions to the M1.
           | 
           | For x86, supporting only semi-recent processors (2006 Core or
           | greater) leaves you still checking for support for: SSE3,
           | SSE4, SSE4.1, SSE4a, SSE4.2, SSE5, AVX, AVX2, AVX512, XOP,
           | AES, SHA, TBM, ABM, BMI1, BMI2, F16C, ADX, CLMUL, FMA3, FMA4,
           | LWP, SMX, TSX, RdRand, MPX, SGX, SME, and TME. That's 29
           | instruction sets and not all of them have use on both Intel
           | and AMD chips.
           | 
           | RISC-V seems at least that cohesive. If you're shipping a
           | general purpose CPU, you'll _always_ have mul /div,
           | compression, fusion (not actually instructions), privilege,
           | single precision, double precision, bit manipulation, and
           | probably a few others.
           | 
           | Where you'll run into mul/div missing or no floats are
           | microcontrollers or "Larabee" style GPU cores. In all of
           | those cases, you'll be coding to a very specific core, so
           | that won't really matter.
           | 
           | Thankfully, we've had ways to specify and/or check these
           | kinds of things for decades.
        
             | brucehoult wrote:
             | Do you have a reason to think the matrix instructions in
             | the M1 are not those specified in Armv8.6-A?
        
               | hajile wrote:
               | I don't know, but you can look further here.
               | 
               | https://gist.github.com/dougallj/7a75a3be1ec69ca550e7c36d
               | c75...
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | > leaves you still checking for support for: SSE3, SSE4...
             | 
             | Find me a processor that supports SSE4 but not SSE3. That's
             | the problem. With x86 you pretty much can say "we're
             | targeting processors made after 2010" or whatever and
             | that's that. You make one binary and it works.
             | 
             | RISC-V allows a combinatorial explosion of possible CPUs.
             | You can have a CPU that supports extension X and not Y, but
             | another one that supports Y and not X.
        
           | brucehoult wrote:
           | If you're doing something embedded nothing prevents you
           | implementing multiply but not divide. RISC-V gcc has an
           | option to use an instruction for multiply but runtime library
           | call for divide.
           | 
           | In fact, even if you claim to implement the M extension (both
           | multiply and divide) all that is necessary is that programs
           | using those opcode work -- but that can be via trap and
           | emulate. If your overall system can run binaries with
           | multiply and divide instructions in them then you can claim
           | M-extension. Whether the performance is adequate is between
           | you and your customers. Note that there are also vast
           | differences in performance between different hardware
           | implementations of multiply and divide, with 32-64 cycle
           | latencies not unheard of.
           | 
           | The same applies for implementing a subset of other
           | extensions in hardware. You can implement the uncommon ones
           | in the trap handler if that will meet your customer's
           | performance needs.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | Yeah if you're willing to do something completely non-
             | standard of course you can do whatever you want.
             | 
             | > Note that there are also vast differences in performance
             | between different hardware implementations of multiply and
             | divide, with 32-64 cycle latencies not unheard of.
             | 
             | Yes that is exactly the problem.
        
         | yiyus wrote:
         | I'm quite excited about vector instructions. The approach used
         | in RISC-V is very refreshing coming from SIMD. But I would not
         | expect an instant impact from a user point of view.
        
         | cbm-vic-20 wrote:
         | The ISA is pretty nice, simple, and well documented. And since
         | it's "open", people can create their own implementations. Like
         | this guy, who is creating a RISC-V processor from scratch,
         | without using an FPGA.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEeZWGE3PwbZTypHq00G-...
        
       | fctorial wrote:
       | How is RISC-V better than x64? Aren't both of them just ISAs? The
       | only pro I can find is that RISC V is cleaner (less legacy). But
       | no one programs in assembly these days so why is this an issue?
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | It's more about the licensing of the ISA. Try creating your own
         | compatible x86 processors, and find out how long it takes
         | before Intel's attack lawyers come down on you. ARM is a bit
         | better but you still have to pay licensing fees. For people who
         | want to git clone a design and manufacture it without involving
         | lawyers or licensing fees, RISC-V is likely the best choice.
        
         | Pet_Ant wrote:
         | Think of it as MP3 vs Ogg Vorbis. It's equivalent, slightly
         | newer and a bit nicer, but really the benefit is that it's
         | patent-unencumbered and you are free to tinker with the ISA and
         | build your own versions at will.
        
         | loudmax wrote:
         | Not many people program in assembly, but teams working on
         | compilers like gcc and LLVM very much do care about the ISA.
         | 
         | Apple has been able to make great progress moving from Intel
         | x86 to their own custom ARM M1 processor. The way I understand
         | it, RISC-V may allow similar advances.
        
       | arnaudsm wrote:
       | Awesome project! But please compress your images, it took me 2
       | minutes to load your website.
       | 
       | Convert everything to <300kb progressive jpg and use svg for
       | graphics.
        
         | jdkticom wrote:
         | OK.
        
           | jdkticom wrote:
           | https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/?url=.
           | .. score still isn't great, but at least the images aren't
           | the bottleneck anymore. The site is in the process of a grand
           | rebuild that should get rid of the recurring jquery loads,
           | but that's a few months away.
        
       | HoverSausage wrote:
       | Where are these manufactured?
        
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