[HN Gopher] Visa and Plaid Abandon Merger After Antitrust Divisi...
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       Visa and Plaid Abandon Merger After Antitrust Division's Suit to
       Block
        
       Author : theBashShell
       Score  : 191 points
       Date   : 2021-01-12 21:24 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.justice.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.justice.gov)
        
       | runako wrote:
       | Would be Stripe's largest acquisition to date, but their private
       | market valuation would make it affordable if paid for mostly with
       | stock.
        
       | bnchrch wrote:
       | Finicity is already a great alternative to Plaid.
       | 
       | I imagine bottles of champagne are popping at Mastercard HQ right
       | now.
        
       | nawgz wrote:
       | I think this was well played by the gov't, the idea of Visa and
       | Plaid merging is really clearly going to reduce competition in
       | the payments space
        
       | theonlybutlet wrote:
       | Glad to see they're starting to flex that antitrust muscle a
       | little bit, it's been atrifying over the past few decades.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | It would have gone through had Visa's CEO not been so honest at
       | the time of the merger announcement saying that they intended to
       | use Plaid's data to get a leg up on their competitors.
       | 
       | > The DOJ cited Visa CEO Al Kelly's description of the deal as an
       | "insurance policy" to neutralize a "threat to our important US
       | debit business."
        
         | chaorace wrote:
         | I don't even think it's a data issue. He literally says they
         | bought Plaid because they're a threat. That's textbook anti-
         | competitive behavior and a big smoking gun when it comes to
         | anti-trust cases.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | They said both I believe. Them having access to all their
           | competitors' data through Plaid was a big concern when the
           | acquisition was announced.
        
         | CamelCaseName wrote:
         | Such a poor comment from Kelly that I almost wonder if it was
         | intentional.
        
       | breck wrote:
       | I'm surprised by this. I used to work in Foster City.
       | 
       | The joke on the campus was that VISA stood for "Very
       | Inconspicuous Spy Agency".
       | 
       | You'd think that there wouldn't be this kind of miscommunication
       | in the chain of command.
       | 
       | All jokes aside, I'm very curious to check out Plaid now because
       | I didn't pay attention when it was independent and Visa is a
       | *very* smart organization, so Plaid must be something special.
        
         | ryanwhitney wrote:
         | It's like oauth except you type your password for site A into a
         | box on site B's domain
         | 
         | Pretty wild it even exists
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | It is a hack around regulatory failure to mandate this
           | functionality at finance firms (both Congress and the Fed
           | have failed in this regard). The Fed's instant payments
           | product (FedNow [1]) goes live in 2023, which is going to put
           | downward pressure on Visa's debit business. The Fed only
           | began to move on instant payments when pressured by Congress
           | [2] (who didn't want smaller banks held hostage by Early
           | Warning System's "Zelle" product, which is operated by a
           | consortium of the nation's largest banks).
           | 
           | Europe mandated this functionality (PSD2) [3]. With instant
           | payments and if regulations required banks to offer this
           | functionality, Plaid's value would evaporate.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.frbservices.org/financial-
           | services/fednow/index....
           | 
           | [2] https://www.paymentsjournal.com/timeline-the-feds-real-
           | time-...
           | 
           | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_Services_Directive
        
             | runako wrote:
             | Does FedNow solve all of the problems Plaid solves? I'm
             | thinking specifically about Plaid functionality that lets
             | consumers expose transaction history, investments, etc.
             | 
             | It would appear that FedNow solves for "How do I get money
             | into my Schwab brokerage account?" but not "How can I let
             | Schwab do risk analysis across all my investment accounts?"
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | It does not, which is why I mention Europe's PSD2, which
               | would. You don't build a startup to do this, you mandate
               | your financial institutions to provide this functionality
               | to users.
               | 
               | Baby steps!
        
             | schnable wrote:
             | You'd think even without a mandate, banks would be
             | motivated to implement secure auth instead of this
             | insanity?
        
         | madamelic wrote:
         | >Plaid must be something special.
         | 
         | It's not so much that Plaid is "something special" but that US
         | banks are stuck in the 1950's technologically.
         | 
         | Plaid shouldn't exist. It only exists because banks refuse to
         | create open APIs for others to integrate with.
         | 
         | With that said, Plaid has done a fantastic job.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > It only exists because banks refuse to create open APIs for
           | others to integrate with.
           | 
           | Mostly true, but both Capital One and Citibank have OAuth
           | APIs. It's lovely.
        
           | rizpanjwani wrote:
           | Never used Plaid but didn't they require your banking
           | credentials and also didn't have a very secure mechanism for
           | storing them?
        
             | jerry80 wrote:
             | Yes. Plaid can be used to verify banking details (many
             | stock brokers use it for this, for example).
             | 
             | Plaid works by asking the user to give their banking
             | username and password to Plaid, and then their two factor
             | authentication token too. Plaid logs into their account
             | behind the scenes to verify ownership.
             | 
             | Plaid claims to not store this info, and I assume that they
             | don't, but it still seems like one of the biggest security
             | anti-patterns ever. If nothing else, it's training users to
             | ignore the "don't share your password" warnings. Do we
             | really want users trained to be more susceptible to
             | phishing?
        
           | pg_bot wrote:
           | This seems to be changing. Nacha (the organization that
           | governs ACH) has been developing open APIs so that more
           | organizations can get access to the ACH network without any
           | dirty hacks. I would expect to see a rise in the number of
           | personal finance applications over the next few years due to
           | this fact.
           | 
           | https://www.nacha.org/content/available-apis
           | https://www.nacha.org/content/phixius
        
           | vageli wrote:
           | Mercury bank seems to be a standout in this regard, promoting
           | themselves as a "full stack" bank.
        
       | jamestimmins wrote:
       | Whatever you think about Visa or this merger, this would be a
       | major disappoint to Plaid's team members who thought they were in
       | for a huge financial windfall.
       | 
       | If that applies to anyone here, my sympathies and best of luck
       | figuring out what's next for Plaid. Hopefully the morale hit
       | isn't too big on the team.
        
         | save_ferris wrote:
         | The vast majority of tech workers that receive equity stakes in
         | pre-IPO/acquisition companies don't ever see any financial
         | windfall from their stakes. These guys will be just fine.
        
         | ProAm wrote:
         | Are they not a profitable standalone company? Tired of startups
         | running at a net loss to pray for acquisition that ultimately
         | is worse for their customers.
        
         | garyrichardson wrote:
         | Agreed, except for one point.
         | 
         | Please don't call it a windfall. Anyone in that company that
         | would have seen life changing amounts of money has likely put
         | incredible effort and hard work into making this happen.
        
           | jamestimmins wrote:
           | Interesting, I just thought a windfall meant "a lot of money
           | at once", but it looks like you're right that it implies
           | luck. So agreed, a different word would be more accurate
           | here.
        
           | roflc0ptic wrote:
           | I mean, nobody reasonably joins a startup and expects to make
           | buku bucks. It's "unexpected good fortune" from my
           | perspective, and certainly seems to qualify as a windfall.
        
             | delecti wrote:
             | "Buku"? Beaucoup?
        
               | wrsh07 wrote:
               | Yes, it's an intentional misspelling
        
           | supernova87a wrote:
           | Well, maybe it isn't a "windfall" to someone who lives in the
           | tech world and comes to expect such good fortune and thinks
           | their effort should be rewarded in an outsized way. I'm sure
           | we think it's deserved in a relative sense.
           | 
           | But it is most definitely a windfall to the rest of the world
           | (even the rest of the country), who work equally hard, under
           | worse conditions, for their entire lives and cannot even hope
           | to earn say 1/5 the wealth that a tech worker can accumulate
           | after his/her first job.
           | 
           | To have a payday of millions of $ fall out of the sky, for
           | toiling the same as others trying to make a living, yet also
           | being lucky to be in the right place and the right time to
           | have it rewarded.
        
             | Grimm1 wrote:
             | It's almost like startups have non technical workers that
             | also have an equity stake in the companies they work for.
             | This comment strikes me as almost entirely out of touch. No
             | one expects these results, most people never see a startup
             | they work for successfully exit let alone to the tune of
             | billions.
             | 
             | "Being in the right place at the right time" sure it's
             | partly that but if you think you're getting there without
             | some really hard work you'd be sorely mistaken.
             | 
             | Also startups everywhere need good folks to work for them
             | it's not like this is some secret club to get into, many
             | people just have no risk tolerance for one reason or
             | another.
             | 
             | You're line of thinking really get's at me because the
             | reality is a lot more than luck goes into things even if
             | the current popular line of thinking is to suggest
             | otherwise.
             | 
             | Especially on a community that was established initially to
             | talk about startups.
        
             | jdavis703 wrote:
             | The windfall typically isn't anywhere close to millions of
             | dollars for regular employers. We're talking about payouts
             | on the level of buying a new car or placing a down payment
             | on a home.
        
         | MaxHoppersGhost wrote:
         | I'm sure those wannabe monopolists will be fine and something
         | else will come along. The rich always get richer.
        
         | tempsy wrote:
         | Uh no.
         | 
         | Plaid is probably worth much more now than it was when it was
         | acquired. The entire market has become much more frothy.
         | 
         | I would not be surprised if it could command a $10B+ valuation
         | as a standalone company.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | This comment strikes a nerve with me - perhaps because it's
         | "saying the quiet part loud". I thought the typical goal of
         | hackers and startups was to "change the world" and "make a
         | difference". How does selling to Visa accomplish those things?
         | Isn't expressing sympathy with Plaid's staff for not getting a
         | payout effectively saying "sorry that you might actually have
         | to deliver on the lofty promises this time"?
         | 
         | It's also kind of indicative of how small startup ambitions
         | have become. Acquisition has become a measure of success, not
         | failure.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | There is no "typical goal" in tech or anything else.
           | Different people want different things in life.
        
           | jamestimmins wrote:
           | This makes it sound like something dirty.
           | 
           | Tech workers want to buy homes and go on vacations just like
           | everyone else. That's a good thing. They had an opportunity
           | to make a lot of money making banking services easier for
           | everyone; that's awesome and should be encouraged.
        
           | madeofpalk wrote:
           | > I thought the typical goal of hackers and startups was to
           | "change the world" and "make a difference"
           | 
           | I care so little about "changing the world" or "making a
           | difference". Those things don't pay the rent.
        
           | rconti wrote:
           | I've been through 1.5 IPOs and 1 acquisition.
           | 
           | In only one of those cases, did I join the company expecting
           | an imminent-ish liquidity event. One hit me out of nowhere.
           | Regardless of what you're planning on, and even if the dollar
           | amount isn't that great, it's a huge rush, a lot of thinking
           | about the possibilities. It would suck, at the very least, on
           | an emotional level, to have that fall apart.
        
           | Operyl wrote:
           | To be fair, Visa would've had the partnerships with banks to
           | really push for standard API access to various banks. Plaid
           | works by giving them your username and password in most flows
           | (although some banks like Chase finally have an authorization
           | flow without MITM).
        
           | _jal wrote:
           | > I thought the typical goal of hackers and startups
           | 
           | Pretty sure that ship sailed a couple decades ago. If you
           | want to change the world, work for Pro Publica or the EFF.
           | You won't be buying that spare Tesla, though.
        
           | JMTQp8lwXL wrote:
           | The rank-and-file employees that work for companies like this
           | have other goals, like buying houses and saving for
           | retirement, it's not a single dimension. Yes, they want to
           | help the world but not at the expense of themselves and their
           | own financial future.
        
             | jkaplowitz wrote:
             | That's often true for startup founders too. However
             | mission-driven some of us are, we still live in a
             | capitalist world with bills to pay.
        
           | cheriot wrote:
           | Plaid has ~500 employees with normal lives and financial
           | goals. There are start-ups out there with a real chance to
           | change the world, but I think it gets over played as a form
           | of recruiting and media strategy.
        
           | marcinzm wrote:
           | >I thought the typical goal of hackers and startups
           | 
           | Hackers and startups are two very different groups with very
           | different ideologies and goals and incentives. No idea why
           | you group them together. Some startups have no technical
           | founders even.
           | 
           | >"change the world" and "make a difference"
           | 
           | Startups are businesses and like all businesses in the end
           | they wish to make money. VCs, for example, are very clearly
           | investors and not philanthropists. They are high risk, high
           | reward businesses which means they need to change things to
           | get those returns but in the end they are a business.
           | 
           | >How does selling to Visa accomplish those things?
           | 
           | It gives Plaid financial stability and long term platform for
           | its technology. If its technology makes the world a better
           | place then its continual existence does make a difference.
        
           | psanford wrote:
           | Visa was going to pay $5.3b dollars for Plaid. I don't really
           | think you can say that that is "small startup ambitions."
           | 
           | Is YouTube a failure? Is Instagram a failure? How about
           | Github or Linkedin? There are reasons to remain an
           | independent company, but there are also reasons that it might
           | be better to be acquired. Besides the premium that the
           | acquirer will pay, large companies can actually accelerate
           | your growth while also insulating you from a lot of the pesky
           | overhead of being a public company.
        
         | throwawayacct8 wrote:
         | Can attest that some employees and ex-employees took a decent
         | tax hit by exercising NSOs after the acquisition was announced
         | at the $5.3 valuation price.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hnxs wrote:
         | I wonder if employees with equity will see any portions of the
         | breakup fees as some sort of bonus.
        
           | perpetualpatzer wrote:
           | Was there a breakup fee on this one? I'd expect it's pretty
           | standard to waive that when it's due to unforeseen regulatory
           | obstacles.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | They'll get some $$$ out of it, and I have no doubt that they
         | have a solid future as an independent company. The fintech
         | sector is red hot right now. Heck they might even be able to
         | catch the next IPO wave.
        
           | RobRivera wrote:
           | SPAC SPAC SPAC SPAC SPAC
        
             | monkeydust wrote:
             | Not sure why that was downvoted, there is a glut of funded
             | SPACs and more on horizon who would love to take Plaid
             | public.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Guess this is related:
       | 
       | Plaid blog post 'The Year Ahead' https://plaid.com/blog/the-year-
       | ahead/ (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25754256)
        
       | borski wrote:
       | That breakup fee is good $$$ though
        
       | andjd wrote:
       | That Visa isn't fighting this should validate that the
       | government's antitrust enforcement has been lax. For a merger
       | valued in billions of dollars, hiring even the best lawyers for a
       | long fight would have been a rounding error. The only way this
       | happens is for Visa's lawyers to think that the government would
       | likely win.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | It is strange that they're not fighting it harder. I wonder if
         | Plaid identified a better exit strategy?
         | 
         | Or if Visa is having some buyer's remorse over the $5 billion
         | price tag and saw this as an easy out?
        
       | sshah1983 wrote:
       | My guess is that that Plaid will go public via a SPAC deal now. I
       | think it's highly likely GSAH (Goldman Sachs Acquisition
       | Holdings) is that SPAC that does a deal. They have $750M to play
       | with and given Visa was going to buy Plaid for $5.3B, the numbers
       | kind of make sense.
        
         | phpsuks wrote:
         | Or may be PSTH.
        
       | ashraymalhotra wrote:
       | Important to note that there is no break-up fee that Visa (or
       | Plaid) will pay.
       | 
       | Source:
       | https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/news/2021/01/12/vis...
        
       | vinhboy wrote:
       | It is still called a "merger" if one company is buying out
       | another company. Don't we normally call that an acquisition?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | nceqs3 wrote:
         | There is no legal process of an "acquisition". When somebody
         | says acquisition they really mean reverse triangular merger.
         | 
         | See https://witnesseth.typepad.com/blog/reverse-triangular-
         | merge...
        
       | itsnot2020 wrote:
       | Well as both a Visa card user and Plaid customer I suppose I'm
       | happy about this!
        
       | wh-uws wrote:
       | Finally some antitrust enforcement!
       | 
       | This was clearly going to be anti competitive and bad for
       | consumers.
       | 
       | Plaid has a great product and will either spac / ipo or be a
       | great acquisition target for someone else.
        
       | d33lio wrote:
       | It blows me away our legal system can prevent this but not a tech
       | social media plutocracy?
        
         | lovecg wrote:
         | Baby steps.
        
       | thiscatis wrote:
       | Looking at this from an opionated Open Banking side here in the
       | UK, this is a good thing.
        
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       (page generated 2021-01-12 23:00 UTC)