[HN Gopher] Study: All non-violent criminals jailed on minor dru...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Study: All non-violent criminals jailed on minor drug offence
       should be released
        
       Author : rustoo
       Score  : 305 points
       Date   : 2021-01-11 16:16 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.newkerala.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.newkerala.com)
        
       | hikerclimber wrote:
       | i agree.
        
       | AHappyCamper wrote:
       | No.
        
       | antattack wrote:
       | Many of my colleagues and I voted for legalization of Marijuana,
       | because law had vilified it to the point where actions against
       | users did not justify the means at all. That, plus good outcome
       | of drug decriminalization in Portugal.
        
         | ativzzz wrote:
         | Decriminalization works when you have many organizations
         | provide high quality rehabilitation programs, and are non-
         | profit. See [1].
         | 
         | However, IMO the U.S. healthcare infrastructure and general
         | profiteering culture will not allow any reasonable programs at
         | high enough scale to operate.
         | 
         | Ideally, instead of jailing drug offenders, we reintegrate them
         | into society. This is expensive. Somebody needs to pay for it,
         | and nobody wants to. Especially when you have the for-profit
         | prison industry lobbying against it.
         | 
         | Decriminalization without a comprehensive plan to deal with
         | drug addiction will most likely not achieve the expected
         | results. We'll probably get something like the opioid epidemic
         | on a larger scale.
         | 
         | The U.S. just does not do a good job of dealing with mental
         | health.
         | 
         | [1] https://craftsmanship.net/portugals-path-to-breaking-drug-
         | ad...
        
       | ge96 wrote:
       | I got mad lucky in college, I was in a parking lot arrested for
       | possession (was smoking) it was a tiny amount like a keyfob
       | worth.
       | 
       | It was reduced to a parking fine that I had to pay in court. That
       | could have destroyed me (permanent label) if that was bigger.
       | 
       | This was like 8-10 years ago. I am asian if it matters.
        
         | jawzz wrote:
         | Has the record of arrest (and charge, if you were initially
         | charged with possession before it was reduced) affected you at
         | all, to your knowledge?
        
           | ge96 wrote:
           | Well it was not recorded as that, it was just a "parking
           | fine". What's why I'm saying I'm lucky it wasn't logged as
           | substance possession. Also by arrested I mean handcuffed/put
           | into a car, but I wasn't taken to a jail. I was just written
           | a possession fine/piece of paper.
           | 
           | I think the answer to your question is I was not affected. As
           | I've taken jobs that had to do security checks to get in and
           | I got through. I guess it depends what they're looking for.
        
       | Ccecil wrote:
       | There needs to be massive revision across society if this were to
       | happen, jobs, housing, life...it is all burdened for the felon
       | greater than the time in prison was. Many have trouble just
       | adjusting to things like the choices in the supermarket...let
       | alone navigating the troubles of finding housing.
       | 
       | In the town I live in, (Inland NW, US), the majority of
       | "affordable" rentals are all rented by a small number of property
       | management companies which do not seem to be local and have 1-800
       | numbers. This covers a very sizable portion of the apartment
       | buildings...guess what...they DO NOT rent to people with drug
       | felonies...burglar...sure. But if you sold marlijuana 20 years
       | ago you cannot rent from them...period. So...combine that with an
       | area which the average rent has tripled in the last 20
       | years...with a massive shortage of for sale properties and what
       | are these people to do?
       | 
       | Work and other things are tricky as well...it isn't that a felon
       | cannot get a job...but they are very likely to be manipulated by
       | their employer. They will typically be paid less and be treated
       | differently than their coworkers.
       | 
       | Couple all that with the ineligibility for SBA loans if you have
       | felony convictions...now what?
       | 
       | You are likely to be able to get a passport and such...but most
       | will never truly see these things go off their record
       | permanently...unless you get a withheld judgement you are still
       | required to say "yes" to the have you ever been convicted
       | question. Employers being required to ask "in the last x years
       | have you been convicted?" solves that issue...allows for the
       | punishment to be served and forgiven. "have you ever been
       | convicted?" assumes there is no retribution possible ever.
        
       | ed25519FUUU wrote:
       | Kind of a funny moment in time we live in where some are
       | clamoring to put people in jail for tweets/hate speech/mean words
       | while simultaneously advocating for lower jail populations.
        
         | greedo wrote:
         | Incitement to riot/insurrection isn't "mean words."
        
           | ed25519FUUU wrote:
           | Were you on twitter at all during any of the protests of last
           | summer? Vague "incitement of riot" charges are going to be
           | used against a whole lot of anti-establishment groups that
           | were active during that time (and now).
           | 
           | If you think it stops at MAGA you are deceived.
        
             | greedo wrote:
             | Show me a "Vague 'incitement of riot'" charge being brought
             | against anyone.
             | 
             | And I wouldn't include the BLM protests of the summer as
             | anti-establishment in the same vein as the Qanon/1776er
             | crowd that wanted to overthrow the government.
        
               | Chris2048 wrote:
               | > And I wouldn't include the BLM protests of the summer
               | as anti-establishment
               | 
               | Why not? because they only wanted to defund the police?
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | Defund the police wasn't a universal mantra for the
               | entire BLM movement and protests. That was seized upon by
               | some who wanted to paint the entire summer of protests as
               | monolithic. Many protestors simply wanted the police to
               | stop killing and abusing minorities.
               | 
               | In my opinion, anti-establishment types are anarchists or
               | revolutionaries who want to overthrow the existing
               | government, not change it.
        
       | oytis wrote:
       | A study (if it's a real study) can't tell you what should be
       | done, it should give you new knowledge about the state of
       | affairs.
       | 
       | (while I agree that drug offense should be decriminalized).
        
         | quotemstr wrote:
         | Exactly. Any form of science cannot tell us what should or
         | should not be done. Science informs our choices. It doesn't
         | make them.
        
           | Der_Einzige wrote:
           | How the heck is this comment downvoted? The is-ought gap is
           | unpopular here?
           | 
           | HNs username must be Sam Harrises biggest fans...
        
             | quotemstr wrote:
             | It's not that the is-ought gap is unpopular: it's that the
             | gap doesn't even make it into the debate. We're dealing
             | with an epistemic regime in which it's acceptable to
             | engineer desired "ought" outcomes by controlling who gets
             | to make statements about what "is". That is, is no "is"
             | independent from power dynamics, oppressor and oppressed.
             | "Is", in this model, is just another form of narrative that
             | serves the powerful.
             | 
             | In this world, you should expect downvotes for arguing that
             | science informs us about objective reality, because people
             | of a certain mindset see scientific results that contradict
             | their worldview as just another form of oppressive
             | discourse intended to subjugate the powerless. To them,
             | science is just one of many equal and arbitrary forms of
             | rhetoric and power gaming.
        
           | snet0 wrote:
           | While I agree with the fundamental, the is-ought divide, I
           | think this paper is basically saying "based on a load of
           | measurements that are obviously goals of our society,
           | criminalisation of drug offences is acting against our own
           | interests".
        
             | khawkins wrote:
             | This is only a utilitarian ethical argument. If people
             | approach from a deontological perspective, the measurements
             | may not matter.
             | 
             | Suggesting a policy prescription in the title of a
             | scientific study puts the legitimacy of the study in
             | complete question. The researchers must approach the
             | question as one which can be falsifiable, else it's not
             | science.
        
               | mcphage wrote:
               | > Suggesting a policy prescription in the title of a
               | scientific study puts the legitimacy of the study in
               | complete question.
               | 
               | Does it?
               | 
               | > The researchers must approach the question as one which
               | can be falsifiable, else it's not science.
               | 
               | Isn't that what this study was--they had a hypothesis
               | which they wished to test: "We should do X." Then they
               | did whatever they reported in their paper, and found that
               | their hypothesis was supported by the evidence.
        
               | khawkins wrote:
               | A policy prescription requires weighing of values, which
               | a scientist should avoid at all costs. It's quite
               | literally the point of science, to understand how the
               | world works without injecting your personal biases about
               | how the world should work.
        
               | mcphage wrote:
               | The point of science is, ideas are tested by experiment.
               | If you don't start your experiment with a hypothesis
               | about the way the world works, then you're just
               | p-hacking.
        
             | quotemstr wrote:
             | If the authors were striving for objectivity, they'd skip
             | discussion of values and interests entirely and talk solely
             | about what effect drug policies had on certain quantifiable
             | metrics --- all in a factual and dispassionate way.
             | 
             | A scientific paper is a report on the state of reality and
             | should not contain a case for any sort of action.
        
             | gowld wrote:
             | That's fine, but it should say that (and probably does; the
             | journalism is probably the one changing the story).
        
         | i_love_limes wrote:
         | Ehhh, most studies in this realm have a 'results' section and
         | 'discussion' section. I disagree that experts in their field
         | can't have an opinion laid out in the discussion section, given
         | that it follows from the analysis and results from the previous
         | sections.
         | 
         | That being said, the page is currently timing out, so I can'
         | even read the article...
        
           | oytis wrote:
           | 'Results' present the new knowledge gained in a short form.
           | 'Discussion' is normally an invitation to scientific
           | discussion, not a political one. But even if it has the
           | latter, it's still not the result of a study, just a piece of
           | opinion that authors saw appropriate to include.
           | 
           | The paper [1] really seems more like a call to action from
           | ethicists published in a scientific journal as a study for
           | whatever reason.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15265161.202
           | 0.1...
        
             | mbbutler wrote:
             | Yes, the authors published their article in the Journal of
             | Bioethics, which is exactly where this type of
             | article/argument is supposed to be published.
             | 
             | What is your complaint exactly?
        
               | oytis wrote:
               | I disagree that the purpose of ethics as an academic
               | discipline is to tell people what to do.
        
             | i_love_limes wrote:
             | You started off with the idea that research papers "can't
             | tell you what should be done", which it seems like you
             | disagree with now?
             | 
             | > 'Discussion' is normally an invitation to scientific
             | discussion, not a political one
             | 
             | To think that those are so distinct is perhaps naive.
             | 
             | Thanks for the link, it does seem to be a call to action as
             | you said, but backed by many studies across many
             | disciplines. Which would make it both a scientific and
             | political.
        
               | oytis wrote:
               | It was more meant as an imperative, as in, "a president
               | can't despise his own citizens", even though we
               | empirically know it's not true, but...
               | 
               | To me is a huge abuse of the authority of science. The
               | results of science normally lie above any democratic
               | discussion. No mater how you vote and what your values
               | are COVID-19 exists, and global warming exists either. If
               | you publish an opinion piece - even if it's a well-
               | informed opinion - as a scientific paper, you are
               | basically saying "here's what the policy should be, and
               | you're not entitled to discuss it, because we know
               | better".
               | 
               | I'm not against scientists having an informed opinion an
               | political matter, and I'm not even against scientific
               | journals publishing opinions if they consider them
               | important enough, but there should be a distinction in
               | this case between the part where science is published and
               | the opinion column.
        
         | curiousllama wrote:
         | Was about to comment this myself - totally agree.
         | 
         | The single quickest way to make me suspicious of an empirical
         | study is to give it a prescriptive title. I agree with this
         | title wholeheartedly, but I want (1) studies that provide
         | objective evidence and (2) position papers that recommend
         | policies based on that evidence. Both are legitimate copes for
         | researchers to publish within if they call it what it is. This
         | is a position paper, not a study.
        
         | greatgirl wrote:
         | Eh, plenty of studies I've seen, from economics to
         | environmental science, has some policy recommendations at the
         | end. It's a problem but if you're going to discard this study
         | you have to discard many others.
        
       | gowld wrote:
       | Title is misleading. _Authors of a study_ said that. A study can
       | 't express an opinion; that's a category error.
        
       | avsteele wrote:
       | While I agree with the conclusion. People tend to overestimate
       | the fraction of people incarcerated for non-violent drug
       | offenses.
       | 
       | It is only ~15%
       | 
       | https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2020.html
        
         | avsteele wrote:
         | And I'm assuming they mean incarcerated (jail+prison) and not
         | just 'jail'. Most of the people in jail are awaiting trial,
         | people in prison have been convicted.
        
           | quietbritishjim wrote:
           | The article linked in the comment you're replying to seems to
           | include both jail and prison. The comment itself didn't
           | mention either and just said "incarcerated".
        
           | greatgirl wrote:
           | > Only 2% of federal criminal defendants go to trial, and
           | most who do are found guilty
           | 
           | From pew research
        
         | hwillis wrote:
         | That's state only; in total it's ~20%.
         | 
         | That still hugely misses the point, because sentences are not
         | equal. Violent offenders serve on average 4.7 years while drug
         | offenders serve under 2 years.
         | 
         | ~40% of _people who are sent to state prison_ are sent with
         | drugs as the most serious charge.
         | 
         | https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/tssp16.pdf
        
         | greatgirl wrote:
         | That's about where i expected it to be actually, and that's
         | about 200k people, so it's pretty bad.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | coffeemaniac wrote:
         | 15% of the US prison population is a huge number of people.
        
       | rwmurrayVT wrote:
       | The #1 issue in the USA beyond simple conviction and
       | incarceration is rehabilitation. At the federal level, where I
       | have personal experience, it seems like it's entirely retribution
       | instead of rehabilitation.
       | 
       | I was in a federal prison camp and it is primarily an exercise in
       | leisure. The entire day was composed of well.. nothing. If you
       | like reading, fresh air, and exercise you're in luck. If you like
       | alcohol, drugs, and facetime you're in luck. There is very little
       | programming activity to do. If you have the funds to support
       | yourself you can get anything you want from the outside. You can
       | have any book sent in or buy an illicit cell phone. There are so
       | few guards to watch you and very little motivation to crack down
       | on rampant offenses.
       | 
       | The First Step Act is supposed to make programming uniform across
       | all institutions and reward programming with sentence reductions.
       | That's a fantastic idea and I hope that it works out well. There
       | are very few levels to pull to incentivize people, but that
       | should provide motivation.
       | 
       | The problem after that is the stigma that follows you around
       | forever. I count myself blessed to have opportunities when I came
       | home. It was unpleasant to work as a laborer in block masonry,
       | but it lead me back to the shipyard. That has lead me to a better
       | opportunity in the shipyard. This was only afforded to me because
       | I went to a university with name recognition in a field with job
       | prospects. That combined with my previous maritime experience is
       | the only reason I'm not still day laboring will praying for a
       | better opportunity. If you have limited work experience and were
       | accustomed to a high(er) level of living before incarceration it
       | will be difficult to adjust to life after prison.
       | 
       | There are so many thorny issues with the judicial system in the
       | USA that reach into so many aspects of life.
        
         | gowld wrote:
         | Since it's HN, to clarify: When you write "programming", do you
         | mean "writing software", "rehabilition activities", or both?
        
           | rwmurrayVT wrote:
           | Programming in this context means activities that are
           | available to better yourself. There are very little chances
           | for education, skill training, drug therapy, etc. It varies
           | wildly institution to institution.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | _" The problem after that is the stigma that follows you around
         | forever."_
         | 
         | This is worse than it used to be, as companies of any size can
         | now pull not just convictions, but arrests as well. And not
         | just felonies, but misdemeanors too. Background checks used to
         | be less accessible. They are now cheap, fast, and easily
         | nationwide or worldwide.
        
           | jimnotgym wrote:
           | Arrests? That surely is a clear violation of the principle of
           | innocent until proven guilty?
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | Arrested people are not a protected class so employers are
             | free to discriminate based on that criteria.
        
           | rwmurrayVT wrote:
           | Every one and their mother can run a background check or
           | google your name to find your history. It's very accessible
           | compared to even 10 years ago.
        
         | DaedPsyker wrote:
         | Why does it need to be just programming? I don't understand
         | this attitude, whether in schools or jail, program, program,
         | program.
         | 
         | I program too, its my job so I get it provides a living but my
         | God do we get myopic at times. Other careers, good ones too are
         | out there.
        
           | njovin wrote:
           | "Programming" in this context refers to having rehabilitation
           | programs in place for prisoners, not computer programming.
        
           | mroset wrote:
           | I believe programming in this context means "scheduled (often
           | educational) activities", not coding.
        
         | kace91 wrote:
         | > The #1 issue in the USA beyond simple conviction and
         | incarceration is rehabilitation.
         | 
         | Don't you think one helps with the other? Honest question.
         | 
         | As in, the less people in the system, the easier it would be to
         | dedicate to each person the resources needed to rehabilitate,
         | rather than just keeping them inside?
        
           | rwmurrayVT wrote:
           | Yes. The smaller the population the more resources per
           | person.
        
         | SkyBelow wrote:
         | >The #1 issue in the USA beyond simple conviction and
         | incarceration is rehabilitation. At the federal level, where I
         | have personal experience, it seems like it's entirely
         | retribution instead of rehabilitation.
         | 
         | Do people generally want rehabilitation?
         | 
         | I find that when I talk to people, they want rehabilitation for
         | minor crimes and retribution for major crimes, but when feel
         | comfortable enough with talking about it, they generally don't
         | want the minor crimes to be illegal to begin with. Once you get
         | them to discuss the group they actually want in prison, it
         | tends to consist of people they retribution against.
         | 
         | Try asking people what is a crime that deserve 2 years of
         | prison, give or take a year. I find few are able to place
         | crimes into that window, even though 2 years is plenty of time
         | to rehabilitation people if one was actively working at it.
        
           | rwmurrayVT wrote:
           | There is also a large disparity between drug crimes and
           | financial crimes. The mandatory minimum for 1 pound of heroin
           | or cocaine was 2x-5x my entire sentence for securities fraud
           | that caused substantial financial swings by even the most
           | lenient of accounting.
        
         | mumblemumble wrote:
         | > The problem after that is the stigma that follows you around
         | forever. I count myself blessed to have opportunities when I
         | came home.
         | 
         | I'm so happy to hear that you had that.
         | 
         | A while back, a member of my community was not so lucky. He got
         | caught with an ounce of pot, spent some time in prison. When he
         | got out, he had no legitimate job prospects due to his criminal
         | record. He did eventually a job, though, through networking. In
         | this case, the network was some prison acquaintances -
         | apparently the only people who would/could offer him an
         | opportunity. A while later he got caught stealing cars for a
         | chop shop. Rinse and repeat.
         | 
         | I don't think I really understood it until I saw it with my own
         | eyes: the US criminal justice system, by being so retributive,
         | isn't just (wantonly, excessively) harming people who get
         | caught. It's also a significant cause of US crime in the first
         | place.
        
           | xiphias2 wrote:
           | Why do these people stay in the US?
           | 
           | In Europe if you say that you were imprisoned for smoking
           | pot, people will just laugh at the situation, because it's so
           | hard to believe.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | If you have a criminal record bad enough to cause
             | employment problems in the US it's going to be as hard or
             | harder to (legally) start residing in most first world
             | countries, especially if you don't have a party in-country
             | who's basically importing you to do some specific work.
        
               | xiphias2 wrote:
               | I love Cobra Kai, and the 3rd season was the first time I
               | have seen a movie reference for this problem, which I
               | think is a change in the good direction.
               | 
               | At the same time even with non-violent crimes I make a
               | huge distinction between stealing and marijuana use. I
               | wouldn't want to trust my code base to anybody who has
               | stolen anything in his life, as the downside for stealing
               | the whole codebase is enormous.
               | 
               | Regarding marijuana, who cares, it doesn't hurt anybody
               | (except the passive smoking issues).
        
           | the_only_law wrote:
           | Not exactly the same, as I believe there were more than drugs
           | involved, but several years ago, I met someone who had been
           | through the system in his youth. I didn't really like the guy
           | at first, as he was rather volatile and could suddenly turn
           | aggressive (diagnosed bipolar, don't know if he was actively
           | treated at the time), but as time went on we were mostly
           | cool. Eventually he would tell me about his life, how he had
           | gone to school for three years, but had to drop out for a
           | variety of reasons. He would talk about his time spent
           | homeless and the things he would do to get by or protect his
           | stuff. It was pretty clear he wasn't ok mentally. He couldn't
           | find good work, due to his record, and felt condemned to
           | working a near minimum wage job to support him and his wife
           | in the run down town we lived in. Eventually, he started
           | getting erratic, confronting his managers about issues with
           | his paycheck among other things. One morning, we heard he had
           | crashed his car into a ditch and I didn't hear anything from
           | or about him for several months until a mutual acquaintance
           | had informed me he had committed suicide at 27.
        
         | clairity wrote:
         | thanks for relating your incarceration story. with the benefit
         | of hindsight, 'tough on crime' was plainly power exerting
         | itself on the populace to enhance its own esteem, not an
         | exercise in creating a more just society.
         | 
         | let's cut every sentence (and sentencing guidelines) by 90%
         | right off the bat and use the savings for better rehabilitation
         | programs (like more support systems, instructional content, and
         | training programs). involve families and communities to
         | integrate folks back into society.
        
           | rwmurrayVT wrote:
           | I will say that my sentence and incarceration was a good
           | personal experience. I did actually receive every thing I
           | needed to get it sorted out. I was in RDAP and had plenty of
           | time for introspection. You get out what you put in, but for
           | most there are not enough things you can put in.
        
             | clairity wrote:
             | yes, some folks (at certain points in their lives) need
             | more guidance to find their way. hopefully that's what we
             | can work towards, rather than just lock-em up for as long
             | as we can.
        
           | SubuSS wrote:
           | I can sympathize with how this will work out for non-career
           | criminals.
           | 
           | How do you see this working out for repeat offenders? Seattle
           | today has a mini-version of this FWIW: We have offenders who
           | have 44+ counts of 'minor' arrests and a felony conviction on
           | the street [1] getting involved in public shootings.
           | 
           | Overall I like the part where folks who have paid their dues
           | get their life back through a measured re-introduction back
           | into regular society (from jail). Even over here, we will
           | need oversight from professionals who have insight into both
           | the worlds who can help with the transition. I don't think
           | commuting sentences by 90% is the answer.
           | 
           | [1] https://komonews.com/news/local/who-are-the-alleged-
           | downtown...
        
             | jsjsbdkj wrote:
             | The law, in its majestic equality, forbids the rich as well
             | as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets,
             | and to steal bread.
             | 
             | The very notion of a "career criminal" is driven by the
             | lack of a social safety net and inability to secure a job
             | on release. I can imagine if you're homeless and targeted
             | by the police it would be very easy to rack up 50 arrests
             | in a year.
             | 
             | If it was possible for everyone to make a living wage the
             | vast majority of "career criminals" would choose a less
             | dangerous way to make a living.
        
             | _underfl0w_ wrote:
             | Perhaps it would be as simple as making punishment scale
             | with the number or recurrences? Maybe not even linearly.
             | 
             | Not necessarily in a "received 4 counts of xyz" situation,
             | but maybe increasing punishment nonlinearly in situations
             | like "received a 4th count of xyz in the past 10 years".
             | Chronologically/temporally separate incident #4 should
             | carry more weight than #1, since the offender probably
             | should've learned their lesson after #2.
        
         | cubano wrote:
         | > The problem after that is the stigma that follows you around
         | forever.
         | 
         | Tell me about it. Between my prison "stigma" and the
         | discriminatory ageism that is very prevalent in the industry,
         | and even though I have 30 years professional programming
         | experience, I am currently finding it impossible to find any
         | work.
         | 
         | Can someone please tell me...what am I supposed to do at age
         | 55? Find a new "career"...doing what?
         | 
         | I know plenty of you reading this with your secure jobs and
         | paychecks have done illegal things and not been caught...well
         | what if you were?
         | 
         | I mean I hear all day all the "protections" that this group and
         | that group are getting recognized for, and meanwhile all I want
         | _is an opportunity_ to work my ass off in the field that I have
         | loved since I was a 13yo kid riding my bike to the local Radio
         | Shack on weekends so I could literally sit-in the window
         | display and program on the TRS-80 and save my  "work" to a
         | cassette drive.
         | 
         | But no...hiring me (or anyone else in my situation) would
         | apparently pose such an existential threat to companies so in
         | need of people with my exact talent stack that I can't even be
         | considered once it's discovered I went to prison some 20 years
         | ago.
         | 
         | I know this subject has been discussed _ad nauseum_ here on HN,
         | so I don 't expect any new answers to my questions, but maybe a
         | few of you with open ears and the ability to think outside the
         | box when it comes to hiring could be a bit more understanding
         | if a qualified candidate with past legal issues come thru your
         | interview process.
        
           | KingMachiavelli wrote:
           | Is getting records expunged not a option in your case or in
           | many case? My understanding is that at least most non-violent
           | offences could be expunged or sealed after N years of
           | completing your sentence. I'm certainly not an expert so it
           | would be interesting to know how that process can or can not
           | apply.
        
             | _underfl0w_ wrote:
             | To echo a sibling comment - an attorney once explained to
             | me that, while it is illegal for background checking
             | services to provide outdated/inaccurate data, there is no
             | strict legal timeline requiring them to update their
             | records. Meaning that, even post-expungement or post-
             | sealing (and associated time + legal fees) there's still a
             | non-insignificant chance that a potential employer might
             | learn of your charge(s), even after taking legal action to
             | clean up your record.
             | 
             | Incidentally, I've also once been told by a Hiring Manager
             | family member of mine that for minor charges it might be
             | best *not* to seal them, since that would leave a potential
             | employer guessing and likely assuming that it was something
             | serious as opposed to something small or common, e.g. a
             | marijuana-related misdemeanor.
             | 
             | IANAL, obviously.
        
             | ivan888 wrote:
             | This seems to be highly variable depending on the locality
             | that holds the records. It does not seem to be standardized
             | in my experience.
             | 
             | Even after expungement where possible, there can be
             | problems with records being inappropriately cached by
             | background check services, and a background check after
             | expungement may still show the conviction. Yes, this can be
             | appealed, but still puts an undue burden on the applicant
             | and may ultimately be a deciding factor between similar
             | candidates even though it should not be used
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | The call to end prisons, police funding, and prison funding
           | is partially to solve this exact problem.
           | 
           | I don't think ANYONE should be able to request a federal
           | background check. I don't think background checks should be
           | allowed for employment or housing. Same as credit checks.
           | 
           | A person is either safe enough to be in society, or not.
           | There should NEVER be an in between state. And before you say
           | anything:
           | 
           | 1. Yes I am fine with previously convicted murderers living
           | in the same building as me. Teaching my children. And being
           | my co-worker. I want to be able to trust the "justice" system
           | to allow people back into society when they're able to.
           | 
           | 2. Yes I'm fine with sexual predators living in the same
           | building as me. Teaching my children. And being my co-worker.
           | For the same aforementioned reasons.
           | 
           | 3. Yes. I'm fine with any person with any crime history that
           | the courts and various other medical institutions have deemed
           | that they can be a normal citizen to do what they want.
           | 
           | For the group of people that "maybe they're safe but we're
           | not sure but we don't want to keep them in prison". Then you
           | need to give them a very good stipend and let them live in
           | relative peace. Also, don't limit their housing. Housing
           | limits should never be done. Think of this situation as a
           | "disability payment", because it is a state induced
           | disability.
           | 
           | What someone did in the past shouldn't matter to anyone if
           | that person has been rehabilitated.
        
             | cactus2093 wrote:
             | > A person is either safe enough to be in society, or not.
             | There should NEVER be an in between state.
             | 
             | Doesn't this contradict the whole idea of parole? My
             | understanding is that people who are out on parole are
             | deemed not safe to be fully left to their own in society,
             | they often have not served their full sentence, but are
             | given the chance to ease back into society earlier.
             | 
             | Wouldn't a more hard-line approach of either 100% safe or
             | unsafe result in even more time spent in jail?
        
             | unethical_ban wrote:
             | I disagree with you to some extent, in that the world is
             | shades of gray, and indeed, it is naive to think that
             | either "someone is so dangerous we should deprive them of
             | all liberty" or "despite past activities, we are so
             | confident in their rehabilitation that no caution should be
             | taken in their release to society".
             | 
             | You do make an interesting suggestion that, if we do put a
             | scarlet letter on someone for a past crime for which they
             | are deemed "safe" enough to be in the public, that they
             | should be compensated for that in some way. Shit, look at
             | the movie "Heat" for one of many examples. If someone is
             | trying to get their life together but can't find decent
             | work on parole, or is abused and looked at as a criminal
             | despite paying their debt, what motive might someone have
             | to stay out of a past life?
        
               | mmmBacon wrote:
               | I used to feel that the stigma should follow you but I've
               | changed my mind because I do not believe that stigma
               | works, is overly punitive, and forces people back into
               | crime.
               | 
               | Now I believe that if you pay your debt to society, you
               | should be square with the house and your punishment
               | should stop including any ex-judicial punishment like
               | denying people work they are otherwise qualified for. I
               | think reasonable exceptions can be made for sensitive
               | jobs involving money handling or children.
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | Here in UK I believe criminal records have a time limit,
               | after which your crime is expunged from the record at
               | leadt as far as employers, etc are concerned. The length
               | of the limit will depend on the crime and may not apply
               | at all the very serious crimes. But it means that there's
               | much much less active discrimination against ex-convicts
               | than I hear about in th US.
        
             | Chris2048 wrote:
             | You would trust the state to decide if a sexual predators
             | is safe to teach your children?
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | > You would trust the state to decide if a sexual
               | predators is safe to teach your children?
               | 
               | I trust the state to test the medicine I buy from a
               | pharmacy. The state isn't some __other__ machine. It's
               | made up of people like you and me, trying to make society
               | operate and people to generally get along with eachother.
               | 
               | If I saw that we as a society are moving towards
               | rehabilitation, and better social services for criminals,
               | then yes. I would trust them. Just like I trust them with
               | roads, with hospitals, with medicine, with food.
        
               | bdamm wrote:
               | The thing is... who else would decide? Isn't it the
               | function of the state to make decisions based on
               | information that is not available to the general public?
        
               | Chris2048 wrote:
               | No-one. No-one would decide. It's not a decision that
               | needs to be made.
               | 
               | Any history of sexual abuse -> be put on a register that
               | prohibits ever working with children again.
        
               | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
               | We currently have a registry for that sort of thing, and
               | public urination can get you put on it.
               | 
               | So your answer appears to be that the state decides,
               | since they decide what constitutes sexual abuse.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | dominotw wrote:
             | > 2. Yes I'm fine with sexual predators living in the same
             | building as me. Teaching my children. And being my co-
             | worker. For the same aforementioned reasons.
             | 
             | I am parent and I understand what you mean here and It
             | makes complete sense to me. But I am having a little hard
             | time with this, some part of my brain just wont' accept it.
        
               | oldmaninsj wrote:
               | I am a parent and I would have a problem with a sexual
               | predator being anywhere near my kids.
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | > I am parent and I understand what you mean here and It
               | makes complete sense to me. But I am having a little hard
               | time with this, some part of my brain just wont' accept
               | it.
               | 
               | I completely understand, we need to "unlearn" what we
               | know about policing and criminal justice. It's a hard
               | process that takes generations, but at the end of the day
               | it will lead to less offensive behaviour overall. As a
               | society we're too "reactive" to problems. We don't
               | provide the help for people before they turn to various
               | forms of criminality.
        
               | QuercusMax wrote:
               | If we still have sexual offender registries, etc., then
               | you might well know that this person was a sexual
               | offender in the past. Also, if we as a society have
               | better resources for counseling and so forth, we may
               | actually be able to help teach these folks better ways to
               | live in society.
               | 
               | But it is a big mindset shift. If someone has paid their
               | debt to society - their debt has been paid, and they
               | shouldn't continue to be punished.
        
             | remote_phone wrote:
             | Child sexual predators have one of the highest
             | probabilities of recidivism, so for the sake of your
             | children I hope you change your mind on that.
        
             | icefrakker wrote:
             | Comments like this show you when the left finds its four
             | year lunatic messiah like the reactionaries did, they are
             | going to be just as bad if not worse.
        
             | MisterTea wrote:
             | > 1. Yes I am fine with previously convicted murderers
             | living in the same building as me. Teaching my children.
             | And being my co-worker. I want to be able to trust the
             | "justice" system to allow people back into society when
             | they're able to.
             | 
             | I was talking to my friend over the weekend and a funny
             | story came up. My friend is a chess player and made friends
             | with an elderly gentleman at a local starbucks over a game
             | of chess. They became chess buddies and played many games
             | and my friend even visited his house to play a games after
             | the man developed a severe joint disease and had difficulty
             | moving.
             | 
             | It turns out he was playing chess with Nicholas "Nicky No
             | Socks" Facciolo a convicted mobster and murder who learned
             | and fell in love with chess while in jail. My friend told
             | me that after learning that he continued to play with Nicky
             | until he could no longer play due to his disease. He never
             | felt threatened or uncomfortable. As far as he was
             | concerned Nicky paid his debts and was no longer the person
             | he was.
        
             | kiawe_fire wrote:
             | > A person is either safe enough to be in society, or not.
             | There should NEVER be an in between state.
             | 
             | I worked with my Dad growing up and going to school, and
             | I'm fortunate enough to have worked along side people that
             | had felony records.
             | 
             | Some of them for some scary sounding crimes.
             | 
             | I've learned just how much nuance is lost in our current
             | "scarlet letter" system (as well as how a crime is judged
             | changes significantly over time).
             | 
             | I can see the notion that somebody should have some kind of
             | re-integration or probationary period, but until we can
             | have an objective and perfect means of conveying the nuance
             | behind every crime, sentence, and rehabilitation (which I
             | say facetiously, because I don't believe that's possible)
             | then we should err on the side of not having any scarlet
             | letters.
        
             | RHSeeger wrote:
             | > What someone did in the past shouldn't matter to anyone
             | if that person has been rehabilitated.
             | 
             | That's just it though. The US prison systems, as a general
             | rule, don't rehabilitate; they punish. There is no reason
             | to trust that a person who spent time in prison is more
             | safe after than they were before. In many cases, it's
             | common for people to become more dangerous because of stay
             | in prison.
             | 
             | We need to work towards the prisons rehabilitating before
             | we can trust the people coming out of them are "safe"
             | (understand that a lot of people that get sent to prison
             | _are_ safe... the term has a vague meaning the way I'm
             | using it).
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | > There is no reason to trust that a person who spent
               | time in prison is more safe after than they were before.
               | In many cases, it's common for people to become more
               | dangerous because of stay in prison.
               | 
               | We can't effectively rehabilitate when we have so many
               | people in prison.
               | 
               | Our rates of re-offense are also messy because we
               | literally don't give people another option other than
               | returning to crime.
        
             | ImprobableTruth wrote:
             | I don't understand what policy you would want in regards to
             | sexual predators. The recidivism rate for pedophiles is
             | e.g. 14% after 5 years, 24% after 15 years.
             | 
             | Does that mean we should just lock them up forever? Or do
             | you really think having someone like that live next to
             | children is a necessary gamble?
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | I think a free, and accessible counselling system should
               | be funded with the money saved from not having so many
               | prisons, and sexual predators should be required to go to
               | mandatory meetings with their counsellors. But that's the
               | extent of the "consequences" they need once they're in
               | society. And the counselling shouldn't be seen as a
               | punishment, rather a public service for them and the
               | community they reside in.
        
             | recursive wrote:
             | > I want to be able to trust the "justice" system to allow
             | people back into society when they're able to.
             | 
             | Where should people stay before then?
        
             | princevegeta wrote:
             | imo the risk of convicted child molesters having a hard
             | time finding jobs involving children despite being deemed
             | rehabilitated by some beurocratic organization is
             | preferrable to the risk of giving them ample oppertunity to
             | molest more children, unless it could be scientifically
             | demonstrated with great certainty that the rehabilitation
             | program was completely effective in like at least 99.99% of
             | cases (how would you even falsify this hypothesis given how
             | many victims choose not to speak out?). Similarly i would
             | not want people such as bankers or politicians convited of
             | corruption/fraud or similar things being in positions where
             | they have significant influence over the economic
             | conditions of millions of people without proper supervision
             | (which clearly is there is not) The strategies for dealing
             | with criminals should really vary depending on the type of
             | crime thats been commited i think, as others have pointed
             | out i think your views on this are too black and white
        
             | okprod wrote:
             | For this to work at scale and sustainably, all people would
             | have to be fully rehabilitated. I don't think that's
             | possible with how people are currently. Maybe in some
             | utopia 500 years from now society can overlook a convicted
             | but "rehabilitated" sex offender raping someone's five year
             | old daughter, but not today.
        
             | cabaalis wrote:
             | I think this black and white view is how the constitution
             | was written, and in boolean logic would be how it is
             | designed. But reality has many shades of grey.
             | 
             | Would you trust your personal banking to an institution
             | with history of leaking/mishandling/selling everything
             | about you, or losing records of your balance?
             | 
             | Would you trust your health information to a doctor with
             | previous history of kickbacks, malpractice, lax HIPAA
             | compliance?
        
               | tomlagier wrote:
               | > Would you trust your health information to a doctor
               | with previous history of kickbacks, malpractice, lax
               | HIPAA compliance?
               | 
               | It's entirely possible that you do.
               | 
               | An enlightening This American Life episode dives in to
               | who gets to keep their medical license and how they may
               | continue practicing after grievous ethical violations:
               | https://www.thisamericanlife.org/719/trust-me-im-a-doctor
        
               | NullPrefix wrote:
               | Was the institution reformed and executive board
               | reprogrammed after it was caught?
        
               | ativzzz wrote:
               | No. They are most likely punished for their crime via a
               | fine or a temporary license suspension with the only
               | deterrent for future crimes being larger fines or longer
               | suspensions.
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | > Would you trust your personal banking to an institution
               | with history of leaking/mishandling/selling everything
               | about you, or losing records of your balance?
               | 
               | > Would you trust your health information to a doctor
               | with previous history of kickbacks, malpractice, lax
               | HIPAA compliance?
               | 
               | Were the proper precautions taken so that this won't
               | happen again? Then sure!
        
               | princevegeta wrote:
               | How would one ensure that it wouldnt happen again?
        
           | jackthehammer wrote:
           | Forget about "hiring", "secure jobs" and "paychecks": you
           | sound like a _contractor_ , not an _employee_. Either hire on
           | with a consulting firm or open your own.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _I can 't even be considered once it's discovered I went to
           | prison some 20 years ago_
           | 
           | Is there any legislative push to seal records of non-violent
           | offenders after N years of non-recividism?
           | 
           | Seven years for most crimes, and fourteen for fraud and
           | corruption would seem fair.
        
             | BikiniPrince wrote:
             | You can in some circumstances depending on the crime and
             | age of offense. What can you convince a judge to do is all
             | I know.
             | 
             | My home town had a deputy that wanted to be a sheriff or
             | had won the position. However, they had a minor record.
             | 
             | Parents filed statutory rape charges because he was 18 and
             | she was 17. They just didn't like him and they were
             | eventually married later. Still, he carried they charge for
             | 20 years.
             | 
             | The sealing or removal was made public notice and of course
             | everyone talks.
             | 
             | In the grand scheme of things it was his wife and the age
             | difference issue was amended in law. Because people
             | recognize kids don't magically not socialize on 18.
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | What you describe make my blood boil. I cant imaging what is
           | the purpose of punishing people to the end of their days for
           | old crimes however petty they were. Fucking prison planet.
        
           | cgranier wrote:
           | I have zero experience with this issue, but someone I met
           | fundraising a few projects ago launched this, which is aimed
           | at solving your particular issue:
           | 
           | [70 Million Staffing](https://www.70millionstaffing.com/) -
           | focused on hiring people with criminal records and its
           | counterpart: [Commissary Club](https://app.commissary.club/)
           | - a social network for ex-cons.
           | 
           | Also, maybe now with the new emphasis on remote work, people
           | with criminal records have a better chance at getting hired?
        
           | BikiniPrince wrote:
           | I'm getting out of tech by 55. Maybe I won't go insane in a
           | smaller shop, but watching everyone without experience commit
           | the same atrocities over and over is like hell.
           | 
           | After a remodel I learned how lucrative cabinet makers have
           | it. I started building my wood working shop a while ago and
           | at some I'll transition to that.
           | 
           | I've got some growing and I have a lucrative position, but
           | this battery is about depleted.
        
             | mirkules wrote:
             | Thank you for mentioning the insanity of perpetually and
             | badly reinventing the wheel.
             | 
             | I'm in my 40s now, and I realized last year I'm utterly
             | burned out. The passion for programming is just gone. I get
             | home from work now and the last thing I want to do is look
             | at code again. My garage is filled with Arduino projects I
             | can't bring myself to finish or throw out.
             | 
             | Unlike you, I haven't found another career path, but I did
             | find solace in making music. At least it is much more
             | permanent than software and something I can share with my
             | kids.
             | 
             | Art, in general, survives time, whereas it has become
             | apparent that software does not.
        
             | derekp7 wrote:
             | One thing about woodworking is that parts of it are easier
             | for someone who has had a career in thinking logically and
             | several steps ahead. If you also have had experience laying
             | out user interfaces, that can help too. However there is
             | the flip side, in that a number of techniques in
             | woodworking aren't easily discoverable unless you've been
             | working in the field for a while, and it is all too easy to
             | get hurt (even when not using power equipment). I
             | personally love doing projects, but on every single one I
             | end up getting some sort of injury (typically something
             | small like a splinter under the fingernail, or a tool
             | slipping causing an abrasion on my hand, but annoying none
             | the less).
             | 
             | But you are right, in that there can be a good bit of coin
             | to be had with furniture building, especially if you can
             | draw on some standardized design principles to output good
             | customized pieces. Think things like a closet organizer
             | that is "perfect" for a customer's bedroom. Or things like
             | cranking out desks needed by students doing school from
             | home.
             | 
             | In fact, I probably could have made a killing in selling
             | "pandemic" desks (there were absolutely no desks to be
             | found at the beginning of the school year). I made a couple
             | for family members, made out of real hard wood (no partical
             | board) for about $130 in lumber and connecting hardware --
             | nice 3-drawer desk units. I basically used rail-and-stile
             | frames to make the back, sides, and drawer box using pocket
             | screws, then 1/4 inch plywood tacked from the inside of the
             | drawer box. Took about 3 hours to cut, drill, and assemble
             | everything but the drawers themselves. If I was out of work
             | I probably would have made a bunch and sold them for $350 a
             | piece.
        
           | macksd wrote:
           | I would support treating ex-cons as a protected class where
           | you can reject candidates for specific roles for specific
           | reasons but can't just discriminate against anyone with any
           | history. History of theft? Okay, let's not leave you alone
           | with people's valuables. History of assault? Okay, let's not
           | leave you alone with vulnerable people. But beyond that, if
           | we're not willing to say that your sentence is finished when
           | your sentence is finished, we're admitting a major flaw in
           | our criminal justice system. And maybe that flaw is there,
           | but then we should fix it. "Guilty for the rest of your life
           | for ANY conviction" is just as bad as "guilty until proven
           | innocent" in my opinion. I don't know what you were convicted
           | of, but there aren't many things that would block me from
           | trusting you to sit at a computer in an office and contribute
           | to a software project as part of a team.
           | 
           | Side note: are there really NO companies that let you in the
           | door? I've had some larger corporate places ask me about any
           | criminal history and have even run a background check. But I
           | don't think it's come up at small and medium-size companies,
           | where I'd also expect there's a bit more understanding and
           | flexibility anyway. Maybe the ageism is more of an obstacle
           | there? But then maybe I just don't notice because I don't
           | have a conviction to tell them about. I certainly don't mean
           | to minimize your problem, just wondering if it's really a
           | complete deal breaker everywhere.
        
       | iridium_core wrote:
       | Just legalise all drugs and let the free market decide. We could
       | create innovative new substances which are safer and less
       | socially damaging, compared to the plants and fermented liquids
       | we happen to have stumbled upon millenia ago.
        
         | greatgirl wrote:
         | I am for legalising drugs if the evidence suggests it works.
         | I'm not for legalising drugs because of some free market
         | ideology.
        
         | cousin_it wrote:
         | Right now people spend hours every day joylessly scrolling
         | their phones because the free market has found a way to profit
         | from that. I want fewer addictive industries, not more.
        
           | 3131s wrote:
           | The blood is on your hands then.
           | 
           | Edit: The poster I'm replying to should be deplatformed
           | immediately for inciting violence, specifically for
           | perpetuating black markets that have devastated entire
           | countries, for supporting raids of homes at gunpoint over
           | possession of substances that are bought and sold without
           | coercion, for the inconsistent doses and impurities and
           | stigmatization that will continue to kill addicts, and for
           | widespread incarceration which is targeted toward already
           | disadvantaged minorities.
        
             | Chris2048 wrote:
             | Did they change their comment? "I want fewer addictive
             | industries, not more" doesn't sound like what you
             | describe..
        
           | Ericson2314 wrote:
           | This is true. I don't think parent poster means it should
           | still illegal. Just try to remove the "profit part".
        
         | specialist wrote:
         | How would Freedom Drugs(tm) address addiction, safety, abuse?
         | If at all.
        
         | SubuSS wrote:
         | What do you think should be the government's role in protecting
         | the gullible and easily seduced?
         | 
         | Most of these drug laws are about this in essence: We are fast
         | approaching a world where low level labor becomes more and more
         | superflous. This is going to mean that there will be a growing
         | portion of humanity on welfare in essence. How do you see that
         | working out for humanity in a world with fully legal free
         | access drugs?
        
           | princevegeta wrote:
           | I think the least bad option is to let allow people to make
           | mistakes and learn from them. How would you feel about
           | sending people to prison for eating junk food, smoking a
           | cigarette, drinking a beer, wasting time on social
           | media/watching netflix? And afaik countries that have
           | decriminalized drugs and focused on harm reduction actually
           | end up with less drug addicts. Its also worth noting that
           | most cases of overdoses are caused by the drug either being
           | cut with something stronger or the user just taking too much
           | due to high inconsitinsies in purity with each purchase
        
           | leetcrew wrote:
           | > What do you think should be the government's role in
           | protecting the gullible and easily seduced?
           | 
           | it could start by being a trustworthy source of information.
           | 
           | > Most of these drug laws are about this in essence: We are
           | fast approaching a world where low level labor becomes more
           | and more superflous. This is going to mean that there will be
           | a growing portion of humanity on welfare in essence. How do
           | you see that working out for humanity in a world with fully
           | legal free access drugs?
           | 
           | this strikes me as a particularly odd argument. if they
           | weren't doing anything productive to begin with, why care if
           | they get high?
        
         | MajorBee wrote:
         | Well, cigarettes used to be all "free market" right from
         | marketing to technology for quite some time, and we all know
         | how that particular industry ended up.
         | 
         | There are certain things that just seem to be a net-loss to
         | society, no matter how much it may clash on an individual's
         | right to destroy themselves. Cigarettes, hard drugs (and
         | possibly even alcohol) seem to be among them.
        
         | jansan wrote:
         | So you say the Opoid Epidemic in the US was a good thing?
         | Because that is what you will get if you let the free markets
         | decide, but with more marketing and even more addictive stuff.
        
         | drran wrote:
         | Just plant two electrodes directly into the brain.
        
           | greedo wrote:
           | Larry Niven's Ringworld series has a protagonist named Louis
           | Wu who is addicted to a "tasp" that is pretty much a direct
           | connection to the brain that provides stimulus. I fear that
           | we'll end up with that as VR/AR get better and better.
           | Combine that with Musk's neural stuff...
        
       | dado3212 wrote:
       | Locked In by John Pfaff does a great job of discussing prison
       | reform, and the fallbacks of common mantras (such as this one).
       | He observes that "setting every drug offender free would cut our
       | prison population by only about 16 percent...still more than
       | 200,000 people -- and that's a huge number by any measure."
       | 
       | Because many offenses/crimes were dropped as part of plea
       | bargaining, it's also hard to indicate how many would actually be
       | characterized as "non-violent criminals jailed on minor drug
       | offence". Pfaff tries to estimate this using Bureau of Justice
       | Statistics surveying that asks inmates questions that go beyond
       | their official convictions. According to this "about 1 percent of
       | all prisoners...met that description".
       | 
       | So yes, I think a lot of people would agree with the headline
       | here, but it's not a panacea for the incarceration rate of the
       | US.
        
         | specialist wrote:
         | What's your wishlist of reforms?
        
       | gameswithgo wrote:
       | Can't think of a better idea, that both sides of the aisle should
       | be supportive of. Saves tax payer money for the GOP, liberalize
       | drug laws for democrats.
        
       | ralmidani wrote:
       | Releasing people convicted of non-violent drug offenses is not
       | enough; it's important that we provide a smooth ramp to re-join
       | society.
       | 
       | We should wipe their records clean, train them in useful,
       | employable skills, and help them find decent jobs. (Edit: this is
       | the bare minimum; I don't want to get into direct monetary
       | compensation, even though I think it's worth considering.)
       | 
       | I would imagine a lot of people formerly-incarcerated for non-
       | violent drug offenses are (rightfully) resentful of society, and
       | we should give them an alternative to committing crimes in order
       | to survive.
        
       | charlescearl wrote:
       | Ruth Wilson Gilmore [1,2], Angela Davis [3.4] and many, many
       | others have been making the case for decades that the entirety of
       | the prison system needs to be abolished.
       | 
       | Among the more profound cases that Gilmore makes is that the it
       | is not just for-profit prisons and policing. Racialized exclusion
       | of Black people from the economy has essentially created a
       | captive class -- a pool of bodies for exploitation. Essentially
       | the industry of incarceration at the state (that is both State
       | and Federal level) create sources of income -- for the States,
       | the companies that supply resources to prisons, as well as the
       | private prisons.
       | 
       | Further, Gilmore [2] makes the argument that we need to do away
       | with the presumption that there are people who are "deserving" of
       | prison. Is the very notion of prison consistent with a civilized
       | society?
       | 
       | Just a further note that the incarceration rate of Black men in
       | the U.S. [5] is comparable to that of Uyghur population in
       | Xianjiang [6] -- that rate was estimated to be 5% for Black men
       | across the U.S. in 2009, 5% for Uyghurs in non-Muslim majority
       | districts, roughly 10% in majority-Muslim districts. It would be
       | interesting to understand how the adoption of capitalist economic
       | practices in China correlates with the rise of the carceral.
       | 
       | [1] Golden gulag: Prisons, surplus, crisis, and opposition in
       | globalizing California
       | https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520242012/golden-gulag
       | 
       | [2] Abolition Geography and the Problem of Innocence. In Futures
       | of Black Radicalism, G. T.. Johnson and A. Loubin (Eds.). New
       | York: Verso, 225-240.
       | 
       | [3] Are Prisons Obsolete?
       | https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/213837/are-prisons-...
       | 
       | [4] If They Come in the Morning ... Voices of Resistance, Edited
       | by Angela Y. Davis,
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_They_Come_in_the_Morning
       | 
       | [5] https://www.sentencingproject.org/publications/color-of-
       | just...
       | 
       | [6] https://qz.com/1599393/how-researchers-estimate-1-million-
       | uy...
        
         | elindbe3 wrote:
         | It's an interesting idea. Can you give a TLDR of how it would
         | work in practice? Cowboy justice?
        
       | snet0 wrote:
       | Full study link
       | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15265161.2020.1...
        
       | sam2426679 wrote:
       | Biden and Harris are trendsetting experts in the field of mass
       | incarceration.
        
       | pcglue wrote:
       | This is why porch piracy will increase. I suspect the
       | intersection of people who are non-violent druggies and who are
       | porch pirates is huge. I hate porch pirates.
        
       | amanaplanacanal wrote:
       | No victimless crime should ever be a felony. A felony conviction
       | has so many knock on effects for the rest of your life.
       | 
       | I could be talked into saying no non-violent crimes should ever
       | be felonies.
       | 
       | Looking at the categories of felonies on Wikipedia it is pretty
       | obvious that some are not like the others. Murder is much
       | different from copyright infringement.
        
       | sigmaprimus wrote:
       | I'm conflicted when it come to this idea, on one hand it does
       | seem pointless to punish addicts but on the other, very few of
       | the addicts that are incarcerated were not aware of the laws
       | before they got caught. In many cases they traffic in "Minor"
       | amounts to support their own addictions which just creates more
       | addicts and spreads the sickness to other victims.
       | 
       | In a perfect world, all drugs would be legal and more importantly
       | free for anyone who wanted them. This could be possible while
       | still requiring addicts to visit medical providers for their fix.
       | This would quickly remove the profits from the illegal drug trade
       | and keep the addicted from being exploited in order to feed their
       | addictions.
       | 
       | I have seen first hand the destruction caused by so called non
       | violent drug offenders and can attest it is just as bad if not
       | worse on the lives of those around them. In my case it started
       | with small things disappearing from our household, like heirlooms
       | and collectables but ended with a selfish addict telling lies and
       | extorting money from myself and others. My particular situation
       | finally ended with the addict overdosing and all the misery that
       | came from that, being thrust upon those who still loved and
       | depended on them.
       | 
       | I bounce back and forth between being angry at myself, then the
       | addict and sometimes the people working in law enforcement and
       | the justice system(Who have managed to build nice little lives
       | for themselves through policing and punishing the addicted under
       | the guise of making the world a better place.)
       | 
       | So IDK if freeing a bunch of drug users who were aware what they
       | were doing at the time was criminal, is going to solve the root
       | problems caused by drugs any better than the current system of
       | keeping them locked away from the rest of us until they figure
       | out how to toe the line.
        
         | princevegeta wrote:
         | Why is it important if they know it's illigal or not? Seems to
         | me the important question is what harm they are doing to
         | others.
        
       | whiddershins wrote:
       | First of all, I basically agree with this.
       | 
       | Here's something I don't know: Sometimes I wonder whether some
       | people in prison for non-violent drug offenses did a plea bargain
       | down from a violent offense.
       | 
       | And if that were the case, should this affect our opinion on any
       | of this?
        
         | TLightful wrote:
         | Wouldn't that be held in the legal records? In which case, a
         | judgement can be made?
        
           | pmiller2 wrote:
           | Compared to someone's record of convictions, that information
           | is pretty inaccessible. You'd have to go all the way back to
           | court records at the time of their conviction.
        
             | rwmurrayVT wrote:
             | They make it very easy on the federal level with PACER and
             | in the majority of states with an equivalent.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Hello71 wrote:
             | as implied in a cousin comment, I don't think this applies
             | if they're currently incarcerated. at least at the federal
             | level, the BOP should have records of who was sentenced
             | with firearms or other violent sentencing modifiers in
             | order to properly segregate them from non-violent
             | offenders. that wouldn't work for the idea of purging their
             | records, but for the OP argument, it ought to work
             | reasonably well. for the rare cases where it doesn't, some
             | burden could be put on the inmate to collect and submit
             | their documents for approval, the same as if they were
             | filing an appeal.
        
         | mbbutler wrote:
         | At this point, I really don't care if some people who plead
         | down to non-violent charges get released along with the immense
         | number of actual non-violent offenders.
        
         | at_a_remove wrote:
         | I agree. It needs a little more nuance, especially the plea
         | bargaining. And on top of that, prosecutors are known to pile
         | on tons of only vaguely-applicable, probably-not-convictable
         | charges just to get someone to plea bargain down, so that
         | complicates even the plea bargain exception.
         | 
         | I'll throw in another part where more fine-grained control
         | would be nice: the _amount_ of said substances is measured by
         | gross weight, baggie included, even if whatever the substance
         | is has been  "stepped on."
         | 
         | Now, wave a gun in someone's face to take their money for
         | drugs? Keep that charge. But otherwise we should not only free,
         | but expunge the record, retroactively. Some kid with a dime bag
         | ends up having to suffer for that decision for the rest of
         | their life.
        
           | azinman2 wrote:
           | And what about trafficking 100kg of heroin? Everyone likes to
           | pick the seemingly trivial examples to justify liberal values
           | on jailing ("what if the 3rd strike is stealing a loaf of
           | bread!") but the reality is there are a broad range of crimes
           | by a broad range of people. That's why we have judges and
           | give them latitude.
        
             | at_a_remove wrote:
             | This is going to be unpopular, but I say legalize it.
             | 
             | Watch "My 600 Pound Life." People can destroy their lives
             | with food, they can destroy their lives with alcohol. One
             | is merely legal, one is a necessity. People make terrible
             | life choices _constantly_ and selecting heroin -- once
             | prescribed for asthma -- as a no-go is just hating the
             | newcomer versus giving traditional old alcohol, a
             | civilizational favorite, a pass.
             | 
             | We should spend the money from the war on drugs on instead
             | trying to prevent the root causes of these kinds of
             | disastrous decisions. We don't even have a great grasp on
             | why people make some of these choices yet. I'm not saying
             | we just set up a Needle Park or anything, but frankly we've
             | lost the war on drugs. It's time to re-evaluate our
             | priorities.
        
             | BikiniPrince wrote:
             | I think in there case of something like Acid the weight can
             | be an incorrect measure of substance.
             | 
             | I heard it was popular to use the old books of stamps. So
             | five doses on a stamp book is a silly about of weight. Then
             | over a certain weight it is considered distribution and
             | boom the sentence is jumped. Thanks to the war on drugs I'm
             | not sure how much can even be reasoned by a judge.
             | 
             | Now, keep in mind, I'm not necessarily on the side of no
             | more crimes. I do see the cracks in how the offenses wer e
             | codified.
             | 
             | Things like marijuana outside distribution should probably
             | be ignored. I was horrified watching someone on a cop show
             | get arrested for a roach they found nearby on the ground.
             | This was also a person who was strolling through a walkway
             | in the forest between residences.
        
             | gowld wrote:
             | > That's why we have judges and give them latitude.
             | 
             | See "Mandatory sentencing" aka "Mandatory Minimums"
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_sentencing#United_S
             | t...
        
         | leetcrew wrote:
         | that's a good question, but I don't think there's a good way to
         | distinguish between people who pled down from charges they
         | likely would have been convicted on at trial and charges that
         | were heaped on for leverage but had little chance of sticking.
         | from a criminal justice perspective, I think we need to
         | consider only the actual convictions. we might take into
         | consideration whether there are any meaningful priors though.
        
         | rwmurrayVT wrote:
         | On the federal level in the USA that is not possible. Firearms
         | and violence add on points to your sentencing and are often
         | linked with mandatory minimums. Firearms in particular really
         | tank your chances of a short sentence. Prior to the First Step
         | Act you couldn't even participate in RDAP with a firearm linked
         | to your crime.
         | 
         | I outlined this in a different comment, but programming like
         | RDAP should be developed and standardized to aide convicted in
         | rehabilitation.
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | Yeah but (almost?) nobody is in federal prison on drug
           | possession charges, especially after the latest reform bill.
           | There are a lot in prison on trafficking and sales, but not
           | possession ("minor", per the headline).
           | 
           | The vast majority of drug charges are in state prison
           | systems, where plea bargains are absolutely a thing.
        
             | rwmurrayVT wrote:
             | I agree. A number of the ones in the federal system are
             | also only in the feds because of career criminal charges.
             | You can be convicted multiple times as a juvenile and then
             | 1+ times as an adult and receive a federal sentence for
             | something minor.
        
           | Hello71 wrote:
           | to clarify, since most people without personal experience in
           | the US criminal system don't know: in the US, you can be, and
           | usually are, sentenced based on crimes and/or facts you were
           | not convicted or even charged for.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | lallysingh wrote:
         | Fear holds justice back.
        
         | pmiller2 wrote:
         | What would you consider a "violent drug offense"? Or, am I
         | misreading your question?
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | It's easy to see how pistol whipping someone over a bad drug
           | deal could be plead down to a non-violent possession/dealing
           | offense because proving assault and battery is hard when the
           | prosecution only has testimony and circumstantial evidence
           | the prosecution's star witness is an addict with a mile long
           | record. Possession is very easy to prove. A&B, DV, etc, etc
           | are much harder to prosecute (and by "much" I mean "some
           | work" vs "practically no work") so possession is a good
           | offense to anchor a plea bargain for those other things to.
           | 
           | Personally I say release them all and just wait for the bad
           | ones to filter back into the system but I can see why some
           | people are hesitant.
        
             | pmiller2 wrote:
             | But, neither assault nor battery are drug offenses.
        
             | rwmurrayVT wrote:
             | The original charges are always shown in the judicial
             | record even if they are later dropped from prosecution.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | True, now what happens when prosecution systemically
               | throws the book for the purpose of securing better plea
               | bargains? Maybe you didn't pistol whip that guy, maybe
               | you just smacked him upside the head but you were packing
               | when you did it so the prosecutor throws all the possible
               | charges on the list.
               | 
               | Both sides of the problem relate to each other. People
               | plead from "real crimes" down to "petty crimes" but
               | prosecutors know this so they charge people with "real
               | crimes" that won't stick just to get better plea deals on
               | petty crimes and pad their stats.
        
       | BayezLyfe wrote:
       | So how does one advocate for their state to move towards
       | decriminalization?
        
       | mulderc wrote:
       | Should any non-violent criminal be jailed? Seems like there are
       | better alternatives like house arrest, probation, etc.
        
       | offtop5 wrote:
       | Society needs to have something between jaywalking and attempted
       | murder.
       | 
       | Right now if you fish without a permit in the wrong place you're
       | a felon and you will never be able to get a decent job for the
       | rest of your life. The entire reason the American criminal
       | justice system is like this, at its core is to punish minority
       | groups.
       | 
       | I don't ever see this changing, and it's a big part of why I want
       | to make an exit by 40. I imagine if I do decide to have a family
       | it would be in a more civilized country
        
         | leetcrew wrote:
         | > Society needs to have something between jaywalking and
         | attempted murder.
         | 
         | there is already a lot of gradation in the spectrum of
         | consequences: fines, probation, house arrest, weekend sentence
         | (free to work during the week, but need check into jail each
         | weekend), different security levels for different offenses. not
         | much "rehabilitation" occurs anywhere along the spectrum, but
         | it's not like you go straight from a small fine to 25 years in
         | supermax.
        
           | jawzz wrote:
           | True, but where there's less of a spectrum is in the stigma
           | that follows you after the punishment. For many companies and
           | landlords, anyone without a squeaky clean record is lumped
           | together. Even for crimes that a significant portion of the
           | population has probably committed at some point and were just
           | never caught.
        
           | offtop5 wrote:
           | Almost all of those come with an arrest record which can stop
           | you from getting a decent job.
           | 
           | Just because you can get 3 months for a felony charge,
           | doesn't mean you'll ever be able to work again. We need a
           | system to get rid of most criminal records after a certain
           | amount of time
        
         | mrmuagi wrote:
         | > fish without a permit in the wrong place
         | 
         | Are these ecological concerns, ie. protected species or
         | preventing over fishing, or trespassing concerns? I tried
         | searching 'fishing' + 'felon' and I couldn't whip up any laws.
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | Yes, these situations are usually but not always tied to
           | taking of species that are protected. This can be tied to
           | poaching or recreational take.
           | 
           | Taking fish or invertebrates which are undersized is often a
           | misdemeanor. Repeat offense can turn into a felony and jail
           | time. First time harassment or take of marine mammals can
           | also be a felony.
           | 
           | Source: I had a run-in where I was charged with a misdemeanor
           | which was dropped after hiring a lawyer and making a
           | substantial donation to a charity of the Judge's choice,
           | which was a condition of the plea. Really informed my view on
           | the subject.
        
         | mnd999 wrote:
         | Jaywalking doesn't even need to be a crime at all. In a lot of
         | parts of the world it isn't and we do just fine.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | It is called misdemeanor and several classes of it exist. And
         | no, fishing without a permit isn't a felony anywhere in the US.
        
           | offtop5 wrote:
           | >And no, fishing without a permit isn't a felony anywhere in
           | the US.
           | 
           | Your 19 and you run, you get caught and the local DA adds a
           | few charges.
           | 
           | Life ruined.
           | 
           | This of course depends on how rich your parents are. If your
           | parents can bail you out next day, and get a good lawyer it's
           | just a bad memory.
        
       | m-p-3 wrote:
       | And the root cause of the problem is as long as for-profit
       | prisons exists, there is no incentive to free those non-violent
       | criminals.
        
         | neogodless wrote:
         | Not disagreeing on incentive but for clarification...
         | 
         | My understanding would be that freeing non-violent criminals
         | would be a matter of legislation and the court system. The
         | choice would not be up to the prison. But do you think the
         | prisons _influence_ the legislation (or, horrifically, the
         | judicial system)?
         | 
         | To say that it's a the root cause is to say that for-profit
         | prisons drive legislation on drugs, but I do not believe that
         | is the root cause of that legislation.
        
           | elric wrote:
           | Looking at the history of slavery and prison labour in the
           | US, I'm not sure I share your optimism. Many new (and
           | victimless) crimes were introduced after slavery was
           | abolished, and slavery was never abolished in prisons.
           | Locking someone up for "vagrancy" and then forcing them to
           | work for you does sound an awful lot like slavery.
        
             | neogodless wrote:
             | I'm not sure what you are disagreeing with. Prisons and
             | prison labor existing because of racism is what you're
             | arguing, and I didn't say anything to disagree with it. But
             | _root cause_ here is the same, assuming that laws against
             | drug use are intended to catch more non-whites than whites.
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | https://www.prisonlegalnews.org/news/2015/jul/31/report-
           | find...
           | 
           | > In the Public Interest (ITPI), a Washington, D.C.-based
           | research and policy group on public services, reported in
           | September 2013 that it found so-called bed guarantees in
           | around 65% of the more than 60 private prison contracts it
           | analyzed, including contracts from Texas, Ohio, Colorado and
           | Florida. The bed guarantees, or "lockup quotas," ranged from
           | 70% minimum occupancy in at least one California facility to
           | 100% occupancy at three Arizona prisons. The most common bed
           | guarantee was 90%.
           | 
           | > Public officials who agree to lockup quotas, according to
           | corrections experts, become obligated - against their
           | communities' best interests - to keep prisons filled to
           | ensure that taxpayer dollars aren't being wasted.
           | 
           | > "It's really shortsighted public policy to do anything that
           | ties the hands of the state," said Michele Deitch, a senior
           | lecturer at the University of Texas School of Public Affairs
           | and an expert on private prisons. "If there are these
           | incentives to keep the private prisons full, then it is
           | reducing the likelihood that states will adopt strategies to
           | reduce prison costs by keeping more people out."
           | 
           | Horrific is the right word.
        
         | elric wrote:
         | There are countries without for-profit prisons where people are
         | locked up for non-violent drug offences.
         | 
         | To me, it seems important for the severity of punishment to
         | reflect the severity of the crime (where severity is some
         | function of outcome & intent). Clearly locking people up for
         | smoking pot or snorting coke is pointless. Locking people up
         | for victimless crimes in general seems strange.
         | 
         | I think the idea is for these punishments to serve as course-
         | correcting examples for the rest of society. But I'm having a
         | hard time imaging a society that defines its mores based on how
         | much jail time a given behaviour might incur. At least I can't
         | imagine it being a good thing. If we want to reduce harm from
         | drugs, we should work on reducing harm from drugs, instead of
         | blindly banning all drugs and locking people up. But it seems
         | that we, as a society, don't want to tackle the harder problem.
        
       | pmiller2 wrote:
       | Absolutely. There's no reason to lock anybody up whose only crime
       | is that they got high.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-01-11 22:03 UTC)