[HN Gopher] The Nashville bombing and threats to critical infras...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Nashville bombing and threats to critical infrastructure
        
       Author : longdefeat
       Score  : 52 points
       Date   : 2021-01-04 18:41 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (warontherocks.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (warontherocks.com)
        
       | kelvin0 wrote:
       | Adding more noise, confusion and fear. I think the socio-economic
       | issues underlying many of these misguided attempts are to blame.
       | Take someone with any type of mental health issue, put them in an
       | unstable financial situation without any support from their
       | family/friends/community and give them plenty of time to gorge
       | themselves by 'researching' on the internet and you get the
       | perfect storm of someone doing these very regrettable actions.
       | 
       | Too much fear, not enough love.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | vorpalhex wrote:
       | It's very easy to predict that someone somewhere will attack 5G
       | infrastructure, but it's very hard to predict who and what part
       | of it and it's that latter bit that's really the useful stuff.
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | At the very least, local and federal authorities were aware
         | that the perp in this case was making bombs in his RV as long
         | ago as August 2019 [0]. This should've helped predict the who.
         | 
         | 0 -
         | https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/crime/2020/12/29/nashv...
        
           | vsareto wrote:
           | Likely because of this:
           | 
           | >Officers called their mobile crisis division, and after
           | talking with the woman, she agreed to be transported by
           | ambulance for a psychological evaluation, Aaron said.
           | 
           | and being unable to find anything suspicious when visiting,
           | they couldn't do anything about it and so couldn't have
           | predicted it. They're not going to violate rights based on a
           | verbal-only report (I'm assuming) from someone in a mental
           | health crisis.
        
       | LinuxBender wrote:
       | Strange article. The references to 5G were speculation from the
       | news media and not from the bomber. AFAIK he left no notes.
       | Someone did find that his father worked for AT&T and may have
       | worked in that building, but that may not be related. I think it
       | is way too early to try to understand the motives.
        
         | ABeeSea wrote:
         | He allegedly sent out a manifesto about shape shifting alien
         | lizard people altering human DNA.
         | 
         | https://www.google.com/amp/s/mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/...
        
           | frenchy wrote:
           | Please don't use Google AMP links. Edit: actual URL:
           | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennessee-blast-
           | packages-...
        
             | ABeeSea wrote:
             | It's more work on mobile than just copying the link. If
             | someone really cares, they will come along and de-amp it
             | like you did. I personally don't get the zealotry on this
             | issue is for news sites. Non-news I understand, but I
             | usually prefer the amp link on pretty much any news site.
        
           | LinuxBender wrote:
           | _While the package did not have a return address, the
           | contents of the letter referenced various conspiracy
           | theories, including that aliens have launched attacks on
           | earth, which indicated it was likely from Warner, News
           | Channel 5 said._
           | 
           | It sounds like they are guessing it was from him. Hopefully
           | there are more conclusive writings from him that indicate a
           | mapping to these beliefs. The agents pulled many grocery bags
           | of items from his home, so I am looking forward to what is in
           | their report.
        
             | pengaru wrote:
             | No, it's not just a guess. The letter in the package is
             | signed "Julio", an alias he would apparently sign emails
             | with; the name of his dog.
             | 
             | https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/13635429/nashville-bomber-
             | pack...
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | And there are plenty of other non-5g 'conspiracy' reasons why
         | someone might be driven to attack ATT. 641a and retroactive
         | immunity for example.
         | 
         | Until we see more evidence then everyone is just guessing at
         | this point.
        
       | quasse wrote:
       | I wanted to try and understand what the "anti-5G" crowd's
       | concerns actually are so I checked out some of the "Why are
       | people afraid of 5G" posts on Quora.
       | 
       | Honestly, the top responses almost read like neural network
       | generated proto-english [1] Some range from level headed [2] to
       | pseudo-scientific babble [3].
       | 
       | [3] is interesting to dissect. It seems to be based on a
       | misinterpretation of how electron spin spectroscopy works along
       | with a healthy dose of hocus-pocus involving "EMF meters".
       | 
       | [1] https://www.quora.com/Why-are-people-afraid-of-5g
       | 
       | [2] https://www.quora.com/Why-is-it-that-people-are-scared-
       | of-5G...
       | 
       | [3] https://www.quora.com/Why-are-people-so-scared-of-5G-and-
       | mak...
       | 
       | Edit: I've been trying to find a more balanced look at the issue,
       | I liked this one by Larry Desjardin on EDN:
       | https://www.edn.com/does-5g-pose-health-risks-part-2/
       | 
       | The TLDR is that recent IEEE research indicates that the
       | traditional model of sub-THz radiation absorption (1-2mm deep at
       | most in human skin) may not be the whole picture. Whether this
       | indicates harm to humans is still unknown.
        
         | dr_orpheus wrote:
         | Outside of the concerns of 5G's effect on the human body, I
         | have seen issues brought up about possible interference with
         | other RF devices that operate close in frequency to the 5G
         | bands. These are things that the FCC is supposed to manage but
         | some of the critiques have been that the FCC is not doing
         | enough. The ones below are about 5G potentially causing
         | interference with GPS devices [1] and about the 5G band
         | interfering with weather predictions because the 5G band covers
         | the passive water vapor emittance bands. [2]
         | 
         | [1] https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2020/05/millions-of-
         | gps-...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://geog.umd.edu/sites/geog.umd.edu/files/pubs/Benish%20...
        
         | FineTralfazz wrote:
         | > Honestly, the top responses almost read like neural network
         | generated proto-english
         | 
         | That's not specific to questions about 5G. Most of what I read
         | on Quora would fit that description.
        
           | karlmcguire wrote:
           | It seems like with Quora you either get very bad or very good
           | answers. The good ones tend to be significantly older, i.e.
           | before it got big and people started to gamify the system.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | the_only_law wrote:
         | I recall finding this on HN some while back, prior to
         | retraction, for a good laugh:
         | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32668870/.
         | 
         | Supposedly a few more far out papers have been published by the
         | authors as well. Kinda makes you wonder what the motive is
         | here. Seems a bit high effort to be simple trolling.
        
           | patcon wrote:
           | omg, someone could not have designed a better conspiracy
           | machine than this publication's standard retraction process.
           | Missing abstract. no way to find rejected article. People
           | will go absolutely loopy with that
        
             | the_only_law wrote:
             | Yeah it's a shame they don't link the original text. You
             | can find copies pretty easily with a google search of the
             | title, albeit with a big, opaque redacted watermark on the
             | pages. I'm sure if you really want it you could find it
             | with a bit more effort though.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | wtf_srsly wrote:
             | It's actually quite easy to find. Just click on the DOI
             | link for the full paper
             | (https://doi.org/10.23812/20-269-e-4).
        
               | patcon wrote:
               | Thanks. But wow, so it's _that_ easy to be accidentally
               | complicit...
        
         | PeterisP wrote:
         | A year or so ago I was looking into a bunch of FB bot accounts
         | that were used for commercial spam purposes, and at the time
         | many of those fake sockpuppets were also systematically
         | forwarding 5G conspiracy theories among multiple other things -
         | these things seemed so unrelated that my best guess was that
         | this particular network of accounts was just used to boost
         | whoever was paying with many unrelated paying customers.
         | 
         | So at least some part of the visible "anti-5G crowd" is not
         | actual people but just paid astroturfed propaganda, though I
         | struggle to imagine who would be paying for that and why.
        
         | ilkkao wrote:
         | I've wondered about this too. 5G is a marketing and umbrella
         | term. Is it the new radio protocol, MIMO enhancements, new
         | bands, or something else these people are actually afraid of?
        
           | rlt wrote:
           | Most likely it's simply a new technology people can point at
           | and complain about, amplified by this age of disinformation.
           | 
           | People have been complaining about wireless technologies
           | since Marconi.
           | 
           | That said, yes, it's got higher frequencies, beam forming,
           | and orders of magnitude higher density of cells.
        
         | MichaelZuo wrote:
         | Tear ducts and sweat glands acting as EM waveguides is a novel
         | idea. And indeed quite worrying if true. What would be a
         | feasible of testing that?
        
       | throwawaymanbot wrote:
       | critical infrastructure is one thing.. Media outlets that let
       | articles and conspiracy theories circulate, that promotes this
       | sort of infrastructure destruction, should be punished.
        
       | ClumsyPilot wrote:
       | It seems a lot more damage is caused by stupidity, corner-
       | cuttinf, fraud, bad design and poor maintenance, than is caused
       | by deliberate attacks.
       | 
       | I feel this is overblown, most people in the society are not
       | suicidal psycos.
        
       | bjt2n3904 wrote:
       | Ugh. Uuuggghhhh. Another "this is huge, if true" speculation
       | article.
       | 
       | So we know nothing about his motives, but "anti-5g" fits the
       | bill, so let's write a long thought provoking piece assuming that
       | is fact.
       | 
       | Eventually, it won't matter what his motives were. If we keep
       | writing speculative pieces like these, they simply become fact in
       | the public eye.
       | 
       | > ... If true, it shines a light on the longstanding need for
       | [buzzword buzzword blah blah legislation blah]
       | 
       | You don't need to understand this guy's motives to shine a light
       | on this. Heck, if his motives were, "I really enjoyed Breaking
       | Bad, and thought it was a cool way to go out", we already have
       | enough justification to shore up infrastructure.
       | 
       | Speculating on the motive only serves to spread FUD about "far
       | right extremists". That's really not something we need in today's
       | political atmosphere. Let's investigate, sure, but until then, we
       | don't need to know what it was too build more resilient
       | infrastructure.
        
         | rlt wrote:
         | > "far right extremists"
         | 
         | 5G and vaccine conspiracy theories are not a uniquely "far
         | right" phenomenon. See Marin County, for example.
        
         | nickff wrote:
         | I think they might be trying to 'get ahead of the story', and
         | write articles which are first, and may turn out to be right.
         | This did not start with the internet (see the 1948 presidential
         | election), but it does seem have gotten fairly extreme.
        
         | lambda_obrien wrote:
         | This is why journalism is dying, it's not fact based, they
         | write to get eyeballs.
        
           | millzlane wrote:
           | It's in the commentary category. This isn't considered
           | journalism.
        
             | InitialLastName wrote:
             | That people (for reasons both educational and
             | presentational) can't tell the difference is why journalism
             | is dying.
        
               | millzlane wrote:
               | Touche.
        
       | dmix wrote:
       | This reads like those overpaid counter-terrorism people after
       | 9/11 for about 1.5 decades who had 'answers'. And they never seem
       | to 'stop' it. All we get are some idiots arrested in some random
       | obviously forced FBI sting operation, where the idiot wouldn't
       | have the resources or motivation otherwise to go through with it.
        
         | awakeasleep wrote:
         | "Idiot" is the wrong word to use here, and not for woke
         | reasons!
         | 
         | It's wrong because many of the people the FBI has arrested for
         | these plots have diagnosed mental deficiencies to the point
         | where they aren't capable of living on their own, and rely on
         | caregivers for their day to day needs.
         | 
         | "Idiot" implies it's a functional person making bad decisions,
         | not someone with a diagnosed condition.
        
       | aaron695 wrote:
       | By far the most sophisticated attack on infrastructure in a
       | while. And it did mostly stuff all.
       | 
       | Most _attacks_ are a drunk dude shooting stuff and you only hear
       | the times they actually get lucky. e.g. The Alaska pipeline
       | shooting https://missoulian.com/uncategorized/man-shoots-alaska-
       | pipel... or the Metcalf sniper attack
       | 
       | Compared to the delay we will get to 5G because we won't use
       | Huawei and had no replacement ready.
       | 
       | Bad processes do more damage than physical attacks to
       | infrastructure.
        
       | neartheplain wrote:
       | It has been known for some time that America's critical
       | infrastructure is extremely vulnerable to attack.
       | 
       | In 2013, a group of gunmen cut fiber lines and shot out high-
       | voltage transformers at a substation south of San Jose. The
       | perpetrators were never caught [0]. Authorities thought it could
       | be the dry-run for a larger attack. It took weeks to repair the
       | damage to this one substation. The reserve inventory of high-
       | voltage transformers is not large, and it takes time to build
       | replacements from scratch [1].
       | 
       | There is a series of memes and greentexts on sites like 4chan
       | [2][3] which describe how to disrupt, destroy, and damage
       | critical infrastructure in the event of (or in order to provoke)
       | civil conflict. One meme describes how to sabotage phone and
       | fiber lines in ways that are the most difficult to detect and
       | costly to repair. This knowledge has circulated for years.
       | 
       | I'm honestly surprised that we haven't seen more attacks until
       | now, especially during this summer's unrest. I take the absence
       | of attacks as a positive indicator of basic human decency, or
       | maybe general technical ignorance.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metcalf_sniper_attack
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2017/04/f34/Strategi...
       | 
       | [2] https://knowyourmeme.com/photos/1837689-4chan
       | 
       | [3] https://i.imgur.com/FfjVlRX.jpeg
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | This is mostly trash and people fapping to some anarchy
         | fantasy, almost none of this makes any sence or is realistic.
         | 
         | Even in a civil war you seize infrastructure because you need
         | it, not destroy it randomly in a fit of psychotic frevor
        
           | jcrawfordor wrote:
           | The greatest concern by far is terrorism, not military action
           | targeted towards occupation.
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | Fraud kills more people and costs more every year than any
             | terorrism ever could.
             | 
             | More people were rendered hungry and homeless in 2008 than
             | by all terrorists combined in the last 50 years.
        
         | partiallypro wrote:
         | I think the fact that most people don't seem to want to admit
         | as to why attacks like this are uncommon...is that people are
         | generally good and want to live normal lives. The looting in
         | NYC, etc this summer was gross but eventually citizens began
         | stepping up to defend their own communities and to assist law
         | enforcement. Our agencies and law enforcement are fairly good
         | at thwarting attacks that involve multiple individuals. What we
         | struggle with are lone wolf attacks where no intel can be
         | gathered.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >There is a series of memes and greentexts on sites like 4chan
         | [2]
         | 
         | >[2] https://knowyourmeme.com/photos/1837689-4chan
         | 
         | This reads more revolution/apocalypse porn (for lack of a
         | better word) than anything else. 75% desertion rate because of
         | a liberal president? That seems suspiciously high.
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | You could also read some Tom Clancy back in the 1980s/90s, or
           | countless spy novels, and get some pretty realistic and very
           | scary sounding terrorism scenarios if you really wanted to.
           | There's a lot of smart people who can think these things out,
           | and do so for fun or professionally.
           | 
           | I guess we're lucky the amount of smart people who actually
           | pull things off is quite low, almost close to zero percentage
           | points world population wise. At least in the west.
           | 
           | I personally think the worse one in recent American history,
           | besides 9/11 was the Las Vegas concert shooting. All that
           | took was a half smart guy who operated alone, had plenty of
           | personal resources, critically didn't tell anyone (OPSEC)
           | mostly because he was already a loner, and also critically
           | didn't have any exit plan. What's interesting about that one
           | too is there was no clear motive either - at least none has
           | come out in the years since the shootings.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | We're lucky we live in a world where people with the means
             | and work ethic can make a better life for themselves doing
             | better things.
        
           | neartheplain wrote:
           | That post was a poor example, but it was the only one I could
           | find on short notice. Here is another that goes into more
           | detail [0]. I have added it to my original comment.
           | 
           | [0] https://i.imgur.com/FfjVlRX.jpeg
        
         | trianglem wrote:
         | All of that 4chan meme stuff is literal nonsense though if you
         | read any of the follow ups to those ideas. The only thing
         | they're getting right is the rioting aspect.
        
           | neartheplain wrote:
           | Yes, it's mostly nonsense. Unfortunately, the parts about
           | America's vulnerable electric grid are accurate.
        
           | s5300 wrote:
           | Uhh, no offense, but you do realize that '4chan meme stuff"
           | is literally the core of the largest conspiracy shitshow
           | we've seen in at least one decade?
        
             | trianglem wrote:
             | Yes but this stuff is larping to basically push their
             | narrative online. This is pretty much what all Parler posts
             | look like now. I don't understand why 4chan is allowed to
             | continue unfettered, this is pretty much where all this
             | began anyways. Facebook, Twitter etc. just amplified it.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > but one meme describes how to sabotage phone and fiber lines
         | in ways that are the most difficult to detect and costly to
         | repair
         | 
         | You don't even need a shitty meme. In countries with pole
         | fiber, take a chainsaw and a motorcycle. In countries without,
         | the telco manhole covers are marked and not secured at all
         | against intruders.
        
           | MisterTea wrote:
           | We used to have a house in Vermont many years ago. The phone
           | and cable lines were down from time to time. If the phones
           | worked the usual response from the cable company is "someone
           | idiot shot at the wires." So this form of "domestic
           | terrorism" is nothing new.
        
             | noodlesUK wrote:
             | Yeah, in the US things are considered vandalism that would
             | be considered a much more significant attack elsewhere.
             | Somebody shot up a bunch of telco boxes and took out a
             | whole neighbourhood's internet connection. The response
             | from the isp was basically "happens all the time, new kit's
             | coming"
        
               | jcrawfordor wrote:
               | My father used to work in electricity transmission,
               | including some very long high-voltage DC lines. He said
               | that a big problem they have with lower-voltage lines is
               | people shooting at the glass insulators, and a big
               | problem they have with the high-voltage lines is people
               | shooting at the spacers... and also stealing bolts and
               | straps for metal value. It's interesting to think about
               | what could have happened if someone unintentionally
               | caused serious damage to, say, a transmission line which
               | was the largest connection into Los Angeles, but
               | ultimately they are built pretty sturdy.
               | 
               | This kind of vandalism is just a huge hassle for just
               | about any infrastructure that covers a meaningful amount
               | of land.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > The response from the isp was basically "happens all
               | the time, new kit's coming"
               | 
               | I'm in Germany and worked in construction (digging) as a
               | sub's employee for Telekom... they have digging crews on
               | standby and spare equipment for the sidewalk boxes and
               | cellphone towers spread across the country, as it's
               | _routine_ that cars crash into them, other construction
               | workers hit underground lines, anarchists
               | /nazis/conspiracy nuts committing arson attacks, storm
               | damage trips poles or boxes, sometimes lightning hits and
               | entire hoods are knocked off the net because the surge
               | protection had issues, tree roots or water intrudes in
               | below-ground cables, heavy snow takes out poles...
        
               | noodlesUK wrote:
               | I think the difference I'm talking about is that if you
               | crash a car into one of these things it could conceivably
               | be an accident (and my guess is it almost always is
               | accidental). Shooting a utility box until the magic blue
               | smoke is all gone is deliberate.
        
           | segfaultbuserr wrote:
           | From Unix fortune.
           | 
           | > A good sysadmin always carries around a few feet of fiber.
           | If he ever gets lost, he simply drops the fiber on the
           | ground, waits ten minutes, then asks the backhoe operator for
           | directions.
           | 
           | > -- Bill Bradford <mrbill@mrbill.net>
        
       | nosmokewhereiam wrote:
       | I was under the impression that the shutting off of the gas lines
       | in reaction to the event was what caused the outage. They were
       | using natural gas generators at the time for some unrelated
       | reason.
        
       | walshemj wrote:
       | I used to work for British telecom and I remember speculation on
       | how easy it would be to cripple CNI as compared to a jihadi
       | suicide bombing spectacular.
       | 
       | Two or 3 two man teams with an angle grinder could have taken
       | down "xxxx" I wont mention the system.
        
         | PoachedSausage wrote:
         | It was suspected that the IRA Docklands bombing[0] was possibly
         | targeting the telecomms infrastructure. I think there were also
         | some attempts at bombing the National Grid which failed.
         | 
         | You are correct that a lot of CNI is vulnerable due to its
         | nature (remote locations etc). Thankfully, like with most
         | terrorism, the people capable of doing the most damage are not
         | usually interested in carrying out such acts.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996_Docklands_bombing
        
       | howmayiannoyyou wrote:
       | The US Department of Homeland Security should provide the public
       | a means for reporting potential vulnerabilities to critical
       | infrastructure. Not threats, just perceived/observed
       | vulnerabilities, not much different than bug reports in software.
       | I can think of a few reports I would file in some detail given a
       | secure means to do so.
        
         | FireBeyond wrote:
         | Sadly, though your idea is good, current reality I see it as
         | mostly a way to get your name on a list. The government
         | traditionally has ... not been kind ... to those who disclose
         | or report or whistleblow on vulnerabilities, however
         | responsibly or appropriately.
        
       | jcrawfordor wrote:
       | The notion that vital infrastructure is highly vulnerable to
       | attack is not something which is new or even really that related
       | to this particular incident. The damage caused by this incident
       | was relatively limited, mostly to a cable vault, which will
       | require a lengthy and expensive repair but is far less
       | destructive than it potentially could be.
       | 
       | A much more interesting incident to look at is the Metcalf
       | attack, which is both more mysterious in terms of the
       | perpetrators and more clearly intended as an attack on vital
       | infrastructure. As a proof of concept, Idaho National
       | Laboratories conducted a somewhat infamous experiment in which
       | they demonstrated it was possible to cause significant permanent
       | damage to a common diesel standby generator via network
       | intrusion.
       | 
       | Multiple levels of the federal government and private industry
       | (including industry bodies in electrical and telecom) recognize
       | vital infrastructure as a significant vulnerability. However,
       | very little attention has been paid to the issue. Part of this
       | owes to it being fairly bureaucratic and uninteresting in the
       | details, part of it is because progress is very slow due to the
       | scale of the problem and cost of making significant changes.
       | 
       | In the telecom industry, for decades now telephony has moved
       | towards protocols with significantly more flexible routing and
       | recovery options, improving the reliability of long-distance
       | telephone calls to such a degree that you virtually never
       | encounter a failure. Unfortunately, redundant connectivity to
       | individual customer sites remains something which is expensive
       | and so fairly uncommon for even larger businesses. Legacy issues
       | in the design of the 911 system and infrastructure to PSAPs has
       | also repeatedly lead to 911 outages in response to relatively
       | minor issues (single points of failure are very common due to the
       | architecture of the system). So, local service disruptions are
       | easy to achieve by means like this. Nationwide ones are fairly
       | difficult, at least without careful planning and some luck.
       | 
       | This is all to say that the concern is very real, but this
       | particular incident doesn't seem like a top example of it. In
       | fact, one wonders why, given the high degree of vulnerability of
       | many infrastructure sites, terrorist attacks on infrastructure
       | are less common. I would guess it's because causing
       | infrastructure disruption which leads to fatalities requires a
       | fairly complex, concerted effort, which could probably still lead
       | to more fatalities if directed at a more conventional form of
       | attack. All in all, it's a return on investment consideration for
       | terrorists.
        
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       (page generated 2021-01-04 23:02 UTC)