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Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence

arXiv:2501.04682 (cs)
[Submitted on 8 Jan 2025]

Title:Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With
Meta Chain-of-Thought

Authors:Violet Xiang, Charlie Snell, Kanishk Gandhi, Alon Albalak,
Anikait Singh, Chase Blagden, Duy Phung, Rafael Rafailov, Nathan Lile
, Dakota Mahan, Louis Castricato, Jan-Philipp Franken, Nick Haber,
Chelsea Finn
View a PDF of the paper titled Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs:
Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought, by Violet Xiang and
Charlie Snell and Kanishk Gandhi and Alon Albalak and Anikait Singh
and Chase Blagden and Duy Phung and Rafael Rafailov and Nathan Lile
and Dakota Mahan and Louis Castricato and Jan-Philipp Franken and
Nick Haber and Chelsea Finn
View PDF

    Abstract:We propose a novel framework, Meta Chain-of-Thought
    (Meta-CoT), which extends traditional Chain-of-Thought (CoT) by
    explicitly modeling the underlying reasoning required to arrive
    at a particular CoT. We present empirical evidence from
    state-of-the-art models exhibiting behaviors consistent with
    in-context search, and explore methods for producing Meta-CoT via
    process supervision, synthetic data generation, and search
    algorithms. Finally, we outline a concrete pipeline for training
    a model to produce Meta-CoTs, incorporating instruction tuning
    with linearized search traces and reinforcement learning
    post-training. Finally, we discuss open research questions,
    including scaling laws, verifier roles, and the potential for
    discovering novel reasoning algorithms. This work provides a
    theoretical and practical roadmap to enable Meta-CoT in LLMs,
    paving the way for more powerful and human-like reasoning in
    artificial intelligence.

Subjects: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computation and Language
          (cs.CL)
Cite as:  arXiv:2501.04682 [cs.AI]
          (or arXiv:2501.04682v1 [cs.AI] for this version)
          https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.04682
          Focus to learn more
          arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Submission history

From: Rafael Rafailov [view email]
[v1] Wed, 8 Jan 2025 18:42:48 UTC (24,263 KB)
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Access Paper:

    View a PDF of the paper titled Towards System 2 Reasoning in
    LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought, by Violet
    Xiang and Charlie Snell and Kanishk Gandhi and Alon Albalak and
    Anikait Singh and Chase Blagden and Duy Phung and Rafael Rafailov
    and Nathan Lile and Dakota Mahan and Louis Castricato and
    Jan-Philipp Franken and Nick Haber and Chelsea Finn
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