https://www.twz.com/news-features/german-navy-confirms-its-underarmed-super-sized-frigate-will-avoid-the-red-sea Search for: [ ] The War Zone Logo * News & Features + Artificial Intelligence + Bunker Talk + Cyber Warfare + Espionage + Procurement + Terrorism + History + Around The Globe + Continuity Of Government + Bunkers & Installations + Show More... * Air + Air Forces + Airships & Blimps + Military Aviation History + Naval Aviation + Fighters + Attack + Aggressors + Show More... * Sea + Navies + Naval History + Amphibious Operations + U.S. Marine Corps + Carriers + Big Deck Amphibious Assault Ships + Amphibious Assault Ships + Sea Bases + Cruisers + Destroyers + Show More... * Land + Armies + Land Warfare History + Tanks + Armored Vehicles + Light Vehicles + Unmanned Ground Vehicles + Artillery + Tactical Ballistic Missiles + MRBMs/IRBMs + Land-Based Conventional Hypersonic Weapons + Anti-Aircraft Artillery (AAA) + Man-Portable Air Defense Systems (MANPADS) + Counter-Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (C-UAS) + Show More... * Space + U.S. Space Force + War In Space + NASA + Russian Space Program + Chinese Space Program + Orbital Systems + Anti-Satellite Capabilities + Launch Vehicles + Show More... * Nuclear + Nuclear Command And Control + Nuclear Power + Nuclear Propulsion + Nuclear Policy + Nuclear History + Nuclear Proliferation + Nuclear Ballistic Missiles + Air Launched Nuclear Missles + Ground-Launched Nuclear Cruise Missile + Battlefield Nuclear Weapons + Nuclear Warheads + Status-6 Poseidon + Nuclear Bombs + Show More... * More + MERCH + Newsletter Signup + About TWZ The War Zone Logo * News & Features + Artificial Intelligence + Bunker Talk + Cyber Warfare + Espionage + Procurement + Terrorism + History + Around The Globe + Continuity Of Government + Bunkers & Installations + Show More... * Air + Air Forces + Airships & Blimps + Military Aviation History + Naval Aviation + Fighters + Attack + Aggressors + Show More... * Sea + Navies + Naval History + Amphibious Operations + U.S. Marine Corps + Carriers + Big Deck Amphibious Assault Ships + Amphibious Assault Ships + Sea Bases + Cruisers + Destroyers + Show More... * Land + Armies + Land Warfare History + Tanks + Armored Vehicles + Light Vehicles + Unmanned Ground Vehicles + Artillery + Tactical Ballistic Missiles + MRBMs/IRBMs + Land-Based Conventional Hypersonic Weapons + Anti-Aircraft Artillery (AAA) + Man-Portable Air Defense Systems (MANPADS) + Counter-Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (C-UAS) + Show More... * Space + U.S. Space Force + War In Space + NASA + Russian Space Program + Chinese Space Program + Orbital Systems + Anti-Satellite Capabilities + Launch Vehicles + Show More... * Nuclear + Nuclear Command And Control + Nuclear Power + Nuclear Propulsion + Nuclear Policy + Nuclear History + Nuclear Proliferation + Nuclear Ballistic Missiles + Air Launched Nuclear Missles + Ground-Launched Nuclear Cruise Missile + Battlefield Nuclear Weapons + Nuclear Warheads + Status-6 Poseidon + Nuclear Bombs + Show More... * More + MERCH + Newsletter Signup + About TWZ Search for: [ ] * * * * * Sea Frigates German Navy Confirms Its Supersized Frigate Will Avoid The Red Sea Strictly limited air defense armament has long been a puzzling feature of the German F125 class frigate. By Thomas Newdick Updated on Nov 4, 2024 1:57 PM EST 0 Notoriously underarmed F125 frigate will have to avoid the Red Sea. ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems Share * * * * A German Navy warship is returning from an extensive deployment to the Indo-Pacific region via the Cape of Good Hope, avoiding a potentially hazardous passage through the Red Sea, a German Ministry of Defense spokesperson has confirmed to The War Zone. The frigate Baden-Wurttemberg, together with the replenishment ship Frankfurt am Main, will take the long route around Africa, due to the dangers in the Red Sea -- primarily the ongoing anti-shipping campaign by Yemen's Iran-backed Houthi militants. Kampfflugzeuge Eurofighter uberfliegen die Fregatte F 222 Baden-Wurttemberg im Seegebiet vor der Insel Hawaii/USA im Rahmen der Ubungen Pacific Skies 2024 und Pacific Waves, am 30.07.2024. (c)Bundeswehr/Francis HildemannGerman Air Force Eurofighter EF2000s fly over the frigate Baden-Wurttemberg off the coast of Hawaii during the joint exercises Pacific Skies 2024 and Pacific Waves, on July 30, 2024. Bundeswehr/Francis Hildemann Francis Hildemann The German Ministry of Defense spokesperson told The War Zone that German Minister of Defense Boris Pistorius decided last week to reroute the two German Navy vessels that form the Indo-Pacific Deployment Task Group, "based on a comprehensive assessment of the threat situation in relation to the air defense capabilities of both ships." "Due to the fact that Baden-Wurttemberg is not designed as a major air defender combat vessel, she is not able to provide an air defense umbrella for extended self-defense against air-breathing threats and to efficiently protect the supply vessel which is in company," the same spokesperson added, before confirming that both ships had recently departed India. #MaritimePartnership #BridgesofFriendship [?][?]#INSDelhi of the #SunriseFleet, Frigate Baden-Wurttemberg and Tanker Frankfurt Am Main of the #GermanNavy undertook their maiden #Maritimepartnership Exercise in the Indian Ocean including cross deck flying operations, underway... pic.twitter.com /9ByPKIjj2c -- Eastern Naval Command (@IN_HQENC) October 24, 2024 While the German news magazine Spiegel had reported last week that the vessels would reroute, the source was not revealed and TWZ is, as far as we know, first to get confirmation direct from the German Ministry of Defense. Taking the much longer route around the Cape of Good Hope will avoid potential attack by Houthi cruise missiles, aerial and maritime drones, and (non-air-breathing) ballistic missiles, but it also paints a concerning picture about the ability of the German Navy -- and the allied task forces in the region -- to provide adequate defenses. The German Navy does not currently have a unit in the Red Sea that could provide escort for the two ships, a situation that has existed since the F124 Sachsen class frigate Hessen departed the Red Sea for Germany in April, after two months deployed as part of the European Union's Aspides mission. You can read more about that here. For air defense, the Sachsen class is armed with 32 Mk 41 vertical launch system (VLS) cells that are typically loaded with 24 SM-2 Block IIIA and 32 RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile (ESSM) surface-to-air missiles. There are also two RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM) launchers for close-in defense, a single dual-purpose 76mm gun, and a pair of 27mm MLG 27 cannons. 180430-N-NQ487-0265 MEDITERRANEAN SEA (April 30, 2018) The German navy frigate FGS Hessen (F 221) prepares to pull alongside the aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman (CVN 75) during a simulated fueling-at-sea. Harry S. Truman is deployed as part of an ongoing rotation of U.S. forces supporting maritime security operations in international waters around the globe. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Kaysee Lohmann/Released)The frigate Hessen prepares to pull alongside the aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman during a simulated fueling-at-sea, in the Mediterranean Sea in 2018. U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Kaysee Lohmann/Released MC3 Kaysee Lohmann In contrast, the air defense weaponry of the F125 Baden-Wurttemberg class frigate consists only of two RAM launchers, two 27mm MLG 27 cannons, and several heavy machine guns. Both F124 and F125 frigates can embark up to two Sea Lynx helicopters, which could potentially also be used to intercept drones in the air, something we have already seen happen in the Red Sea campaign. EUNAVFOR ASPIDES | Interception par l'helicoptere de la fregate d'un drone aerien en provenance du Yemen menacant le trafic maritime civil en mer Rouge. [?] La priorite: assurer la liberte de navigation et la surete maritime de Suez a Ormuz https://t.co/pJjwPK2c8b pic.twitter.com/ KQ8DD17hRL -- Armee francaise - Operations militaires (@EtatMajorFR) March 20, 2024 For the Baden-Wurttemberg, a peacekeeping mission would appear to be a better fit than running the gauntlet of potential Houthi attacks. As we have noted before, these odd destroyer-sized ships are built for "stabilization, crisis management, conflict prevention, and international intervention operations." [hqdefault] "What's critically lacking here is any sort of area air defense capability," we wrote back in 2017. "For such a large surface combatant, lacking some sort of air defense capability beyond close-in weapon systems seems outright bizarre, especially considering the ship's capable sensor suite." Germany has managed to build a EUR650 mil, 10.000t frigate that is essentially useless for any but the most benign of operational environments. Anything above a Somali pirate skiff and the F-125 is in trouble. https://t.co/jpxUNYCs67 -- Georg 'Tenured Maverick' Lofflmann (@gloefflmann) October 29, 2024 The Type 702 Berlin class replenishment ship, of which Frankfurt am Main is one of two, has an anti-aircraft armament of four 27mm MLG 27 cannons, several heavy machine guns, plus provision for FIM-92 Stinger man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS), which are not known to be regularly carried. [22184832363_590f79be62_o]The Type 702 Berlin class replenishment ship Frankfurt am Main. Bundeswehr/Schonbrodt With that in mind, it's certainly true that the two vessels of the Indo-Pacific Deployment Task Group are entirely inadequately protected against cruise missile and drone threats at any distance beyond the roughly 5.6-mile range of the RIM-116 RAM. While this close-in weapon system could potentially deal with these kinds of threats within this engagement range, it would be too risky to wait for the missile or drone to get so close to the ships before having the option to engage. This would be even more hazardous in an attack involving multiple cruise missiles and/or drones. Meanwhile, the two ships are entirely defenseless against ballistic missiles, including the anti-ship ballistic missiles (ASBMs) that the Houthis began to use earlier this year. [true-confidence-fatal-houthi]The Barbados-flagged, Liberian-owned bulk carrier M/V True Confidence after being hit by a Houthi anti-ship ballistic missile (ASBM) while transiting the Gulf of Aden, on March 6, 2024. The multinational crew reported three fatalities, at least four injuries, and significant damage to the ship. CENTCOM With no German Navy warship in the Red Sea that would be able to offer an enhanced level of air defense protection, it seems the decision was taken to avoid the area, although that does also raise questions about the availability of other allied warships there to provide the required air defense capabilities. According to the Spiegel, "other nations operating with warships [in the Red Sea] reported that escort was currently not possible." Two separate international task forces have been set up to defend Red Sea shipping. The U.S.-led Operation Prosperity Guardian, which The War Zone was the first to write about, was established last December. The European-led Operation Aspides followed two months later. Die Fregatte Baden-Wurttemberg fuhrt eine ADEX-Ubung (Air Defence Exercise) durch wahrend des Transits im Rahmen des Indo-Pacific Deployment, am 31.05.2024.The frigate Baden-Wurttemberg takes part in an ADEX (Air Defense Exercise) during its latest Indo-Pacific deployment, on May 31, 2024. Philipp Schafer/Bundeswehr Philipp Schafer This latest development does, however, suggest that these missions are less resourced overall than they were in the past. A contributing factor may also be the increased focus on Iran, especially for the United States right now. These operations have been broadly a tactical success, but there have also been questions about their long-term viability, also in relation to the prolonged stress that kinetic engagements put on stocks of precious weapons. In the meantime, the Houthi attacks have not stopped and the militants continue to be armed by Iran, while international shipping remains disrupted. While coalition vessels have been credited with shooting down numerous Houthi cruise missiles, drones, and ballistic missiles -- using a very wide variety of weapons and non-kinetic systems to do so -- there have also been incidents when these warships' air defenses haven't worked as well as planned. The Hessen "repelled four attacks by the Houthi rebels," according to the German Armed Forces, and also carried out 18 close escort missions, guiding "27 merchant ships with a total tonnage of 1.3 million tons safely through the danger zone." 05 May 2024, Lower Saxony, Wilhelmshaven: Accompanied by the "Sea Lynx" on-board helicopter, the frigate "Hessen" enters the port. The frigate "Hessen" returns to Wilhelmshaven after a mission in the Red Sea. Photo: Lars Penning/dpa (Photo by Lars Penning/picture alliance via Getty Images)Accompanied by a Sea Lynx helicopter, the frigate Hessen enters the port of Wilhelmshaven after its mission in the Red Sea, on May 5, 2024. Photo by Lars Penning/picture alliance via Getty Images picture alliance But as well as shooting down two Houthi drones using its 76mm gun and RIM-116 RAM, the frigate also accidentally fired on an American MQ-9 Reaper drone while confused about its identity. More embarrassing was the performance of the Royal Danish Navy, whose frigate Iver Huitfeldt suffered radar and air defense missile system failures during a Houthi drone attack. In particular, it was reported that the warship was unable to fire its RIM-162 ESSM for a half-hour period, while "up to half" of the rounds fired from the twin 76mm guns detonated too early and close to the ship. Nevertheless, the Iver Huitfeldt was able to shoot down four of the incoming drones, while the remainder were tackled by other vessels. The Danish warship also saw its deployment cut short and contributed to the sacking of the head of the Danish Armed Forces. Relatives of crew members wave with Danish flags as the frigate HDMS Iver Huitfeldt (F361) of the Royal Danish Navy arrives at the Naval Base in Korsoer, Denmark on April 4, 2024. Since February 2024, the Danish frigate Iver Huitfeldt has been deployed in the Red Sea as part of the US-led international naval coalition 'Operation Prosperity Guardian'. The coalition's task is to protect civilian shipping against attacks from the Houthi movement in Yemen. (Photo by Ida Marie Odgaard / Ritzau Scanpix / AFP) / Denmark OUT (Photo by IDA MARIE ODGAARD/Ritzau Scanpix/AFP via Getty Images)Relatives of crew members wave with Danish flags as the frigate HDMS Iver Huitfeldt arrives at the Naval Base in Korsoer, Denmark on April 4, 2024, after having been deployed in the Red Sea as part of the U.S.-led international naval coalition Operation Prosperity Guardian. Photo by Ida Marie Odgaard / Ritzau Scanpix / AFP / Denmark OUT IDA MARIE ODGAARD These incidents demonstrate the very real challenges of countering the Houthi anti-shipping campaign, something that is also putting considerable demands on available weapons stocks. At the same time, while the losses inflicted on shipping by the Houthis have been limited, their campaign has continued, and it has forced many commercial shipping companies to avoid the Red Sea route. This has knock-on effects on the global supply chain, driving up costs and adding delays. The Houthis have even extended the scope of their campaign, with new tactics and an extended radius over which they can launch their attacks. This only increases the burden on the multinational task forces, which require more warships and munitions to counter the militants' attacks. The War Zone recently examined reports that the Houthis are also receiving help from Russia in their attacks. After sailing from there toward South Africa and then heading north, the Baden-Wurttemberg is expected to enter the Mediterranean, to join the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon or UNIFIL peacekeeping mission, while Frankfurt am Main will return to Germany. 31 July 2024, USA, Honolulu: Boris Pistorius (l, SPD), Federal Minister of Defense, stands on board the German frigate "Baden-Wurttemberg" and looks through binoculars during the US-led military exercise Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC, 26.06. to 02.08.2024). Photo: Soeren Stache/dpa (Photo by Soeren Stache/picture alliance via Getty Images)German Minister of Defense Boris Pistorius on board the German frigate Baden-Wurttemberg during the U.S.-led military exercise Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) exercise earlier this year. Photo by Soeren Stache/picture alliance via Getty Images picture alliance In the meantime, Germany is continuing to participate in the European-led Operation Aspides mission in the Red Sea, with a contingent of staff at the Force Headquarters and on board the Italian flagship. In addition, Germany is providing an undisclosed aircraft for long-range reconnaissance in support of the Aspides mission. The aircraft is flown by a civilian company but operated partly by military personnel. "Germany will continue to make substantial contributions to Aspides," the spokesperson from the German Ministry of Defense told TWZ. "The contribution of warships at Aspides must be weighed against other operational commitments of the German Navy and is closely coordinated with our partners and the European Union. This process is ongoing and has not yet been finalized." The same concerns that TWZ and others have raised about the missing air defense capability of the F125 Baden-Wurttemberg class have driven the decision for one of these frigates to avoid the Red Sea. As well as once again challenging the logic of the design of this warship, this is another reminder of the continuing threat posed to vessels of all kinds as the Houthis continue their anti-shipping campaign. The War Zone Senior Staff Writer Howard Altman contributed to this report. Contact the author: thomas@thewarzone.com * Around The Globe * Europe * Frigates * Germany * Middle East * News & Features * Red Sea * Sea Thomas Newdick Avatar Thomas Newdick Staff Writer * * * Latest in Frigates The Amiral Ronarc'h (hull number D 660) officially started sea trials earlier this week, setting sail from the Naval Group's Lorient shipyard, in Brittany, northern France, on October 7. France's Radical-Looking New Frigate Has Gone To Sea France's Radical-Looking New Frigate Has Gone To Sea The first of France's Defense and Intervention Frigates is a new-generation multi-mission warship that features an inverted bow. By Thomas Newdick 3:37 PM October 11, 2024 Dutch missile ship New Dutch Navy Support Vessels Will Be Missile-Toting Wingmen To Frigates New Dutch Navy Support Vessels Will Be Missile-Toting Wingmen To Frigates Small and with a tiny crew, the new support vessels will add important magazine capacity to frigates, and launch loitering munitions. By Thomas Newdick 1:26 PM September 25, 2024 [Newsletter] SIGN UP FOR OUR NEWSLETTERS Sign up to receive our newsletter every week. Sign up By signing up you agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. More in Frigates The German Navy frigate Hessen has departed the Red Sea and is headed home. German Frigate That Fought Off Houthi Drones Heads Home After 58 Days German Frigate That Fought Off Houthi Drones Heads Home After 58 Days By Howard Altman Apr 22 2:46 PM EDT The French Navy frigate Alsace has returned from its operational deployment to the Red Sea, with its commander describing what he says is an unprecedented degree of threat against shipping from Houthi drone and missile attacks. The words of Captain Jerome Henry highlight the challenge being faced in the Red Sea since October last year and also raise questions about the wider readiness of European navies involved in Aspides -- the European Union's naval task force created to protect commercial shipping in the region. French Frigate Captain Describes Frenetic Red Sea Combat French Frigate Captain Describes Frenetic Red Sea Combat By Thomas Newdick Apr 12 5:47 PM EDT The Danish Armed Forces say one of the country's frigates shot down four Houthi drones during a recent Red Sea deployment. However, other reports say that the ship also suffered serious problems while in the region. Danish Frigate Suffered Radar, Combat System, Gun Problems During Red Sea Ops: Reports Danish Frigate Suffered Radar, Combat System, Gun Problems During Red Sea Ops: Reports By Joseph Trevithick Apr 2 8:15 PM EDT German Navy frigate Hessen at sea German Frigate Mistakenly Fires On MQ-9, Downs Two Houthi Drones German Frigate Mistakenly Fires On MQ-9, Downs Two Houthi Drones By Oliver Parken, Tyler Rogoway Feb 28 3:06 PM EST A German Mk 88A Super Lynx helicopter piloted by German military service members flies over the Blue Ridge-class command and control ship USS Mount Whitney (LCC 20) while participating in exercise Baltic Operations (BALTOPS) 2020 in the Baltic Sea, June 8, 2020. BALTOPS is the premier annual maritime-focused exercise in the Baltic Region, marking the 49th year of one of the largest exercises in Northern Europe enhancing flexibility and interoperability among allied and partner nations. German Navy Helicopter Destroys Houthi Drone Boat German Navy Helicopter Destroys Houthi Drone Boat By Thomas Newdick Mar 21 1:59 PM EDT A video has emerged showing a Greek warship knocking out a Houthi drone, in one of the latest such incidents in an ongoing campaign that has been waged by the Iranian-backed rebel group since last November, in the wake of the outbreak of the Israel-Hamas war. In this encounter, the Greek Navy frigate apparently used its 127mm main gun, reinforcing the utility of these weapons against drones, while the drone itself was seen adjusting its flight altitude to make it harder to intercept. Greek Warship Guns-Down Houthi Drone In New Video Greek Warship Guns-Down Houthi Drone In New Video By Thomas Newdick Jul 9 2:09 PM EDT The Amiral Ronarc'h (hull number D 660) officially started sea trials earlier this week, setting sail from the Naval Group's Lorient shipyard, in Brittany, northern France, on October 7. France's Radical-Looking New Frigate Has Gone To Sea France's Radical-Looking New Frigate Has Gone To Sea By Thomas Newdick Oct 11 3:37 PM EDT Dutch missile ship New Dutch Navy Support Vessels Will Be Missile-Toting Wingmen To Frigates New Dutch Navy Support Vessels Will Be Missile-Toting Wingmen To Frigates By Thomas Newdick Sep 25 1:26 PM EDT SEE MORE More in Sea It's the turn of the Royal Australian Navy to provide us with a spectacular view of airborne infrared countermeasures in action, with a recent video showing a demonstration by one of its MH-60R Seahawk multi-mission maritime helicopters. In the past, TWZ has taken examined some remarkable air-launched countermeasures action, including extreme close-ups, mass drops, airshow routines, and flare 'dumps' from heavyweight transports. This may be the first time we've seen a helicopter perform this kind of pyrotechnical feat so close to a warship. Australian MH-60R Helicopter Executes Stunning Flare Dump Off Stern Of Destroyer Australian MH-60R Helicopter Executes Stunning Flare Dump Off Stern Of Destroyer By Thomas Newdick Sep 10 7:37 PM EDT ITALIAN NAVY CAIO DUILIO Italian Destroyer Guns Down Houthi Drone With 76mm 'Super Rapid' Cannon Italian Destroyer Guns Down Houthi Drone With 76mm 'Super Rapid' Cannon By Thomas Newdick Mar 4 2:27 PM EST German frigate Hessen has departed the Red Sea and is returning home. European Red Sea Naval Task Force Set To Launch Monday European Red Sea Naval Task Force Set To Launch Monday By Howard Altman Feb 16 7:32 PM EST Houthi drone boat Red Sea Houthi Drone Boat Strikes Ship For First Time Since Red Sea Crisis Erupted Houthi Drone Boat Strikes Ship For First Time Since Red Sea Crisis Erupted By Howard Altman Jun 12 12:31 PM EDT US and allied forces shot down at least 28 drones launched by Iranian-backed Houthi militants in Yemen today. Red Sea Turkey Shoot: Allied Warships Down Dozens Of Drones Within Hours Red Sea Turkey Shoot: Allied Warships Down Dozens Of Drones Within Hours By Tyler Rogoway Mar 9 8:43 PM EST Sea Viper missiles being loaded onto HMS Diamond British Destroyer Rearming In Gibraltar, Heading Back To Red Sea British Destroyer Rearming In Gibraltar, Heading Back To Red Sea By Tyler Rogoway Feb 26 5:53 PM EST The Dwight D. Eisenhower Carrier Strike Group expended 770 missiles and other munitions at Houthi targets over the course of a recently concluded nine-month deployment. 770 Weapons Expended By Eisenhower Carrier Strike Group On Historic Red Sea Deployment 770 Weapons Expended By Eisenhower Carrier Strike Group On Historic Red Sea Deployment By Joseph Trevithick Jul 15 9:43 PM EDT A Houthi drone pictured by a French naval helicopter shortly before being shot down French Navy Helicopter Intercepting Houthi Drone Seen In New Video French Navy Helicopter Intercepting Houthi Drone Seen In New Video By Oliver Parken Mar 20 6:57 PM EDT SEE MORE [logo_TWZ_highcontrast-white-noborder] SIGN UP FOR OUR NEWSLETTERS Sign up to receive our newsletter every week. Sign up By signing up you agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. * News & Features + Artificial Intelligence + Bunker Talk + Cyber Warfare + Espionage + Procurement + Terrorism + History + Around The Globe + Continuity Of Government + Bunkers & Installations + Show more ... * Air + Air Forces + Airships & Blimps + Military Aviation History + Naval Aviation + Fighters + Attack + Aggressors + Show More ... * Sea + Navies + Naval History + Amphibious Operations + U.S. Marine Corps + Carriers + Big Deck Amphibious Assault Ships + Amphibious Assault Ships + Sea Bases + Cruisers + Destroyers + See More ... * Land + Armies + Land Warfare History + Tanks + Armored Vehicles + Light Vehicles + Unmanned Ground Vehicles + Artillery + Tactical Ballistic Missiles + MRBMs/IRBMs + Land-Based Conventional Hypersonic Weapons + Anti-Aircraft Artillery (AAA) + Man-Portable Air Defense Systems (MANPADS) + Counter-Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (C-UAS) + See More ... * Space + U.S. Space Force + War In Space + NASA + Russian Space Program + Chinese Space Program + Orbital Systems + Anti-Satellite Capabilities + Launch Vehicles + Show More ... * More + About TWZ + Contact Us + Newsletter Signup + Privacy Policy + Terms & Conditions + The Team + Sitemap FOLLOW US * * * * * --------------------------------------------------------------------- DISCLAIMER(S) (c) 2024 Recurrent Ventures. All Rights Reserved. Articles may contain affiliate links which enable us to share in the revenue of any purchases made.