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The idea is to build a reactor that's under 30 inches (76 cm) wide and stick it down a mile-deep (1.6-km) drill shaft. With its promise of limitless energy by breaking down matter itself, nuclear power has long held a utopian promise for humanity. However, economic and safety considerations, along with political opposition, have hindered its development - especially in the very countries that developed the technology. The safety and economic factors are related because the high cost of building nuclear power stations has very little to do with the nuclear technology itself. Nuclear fuel, even with all the processing costs included, only comes to about US$1,663 per kilogram (2.2 lb). Because nuclear fuel has such an incredible energy density, that's about 0.46 C//kWh - and the fuel costs keep dropping as the technology becomes more efficient. Where the real expense comes from is the massive civil engineering required to contain the nuclear reactor and protect the outside world in the event of a catastrophic accident. The reactor pressure vessel can be as much as eight ft (2.4 m) of stainless steel and the containment structure of reinforced concrete can be up to 6 ft (2 m) thick. Add in the foundations, support equipment, pressurizers, cooling systems, and the costs begin to add up before all the license fees are tacked on top. The Deep Fission reactor Deep Fission What Deep Fission wants to do may seem daft, but there is a certain elegance about the proposal. The idea is to build a small reactor based on a conventional pressurized water reactor (PWR) that can fit into the borehole of a drilling operation. Like a PWR, the Deep Fission reactor would run at the same 160 atmospheres of pressure and temperature of 315 degC (600 degF). The clever bit is to vastly simplify the design and do without all that ultra-expensive civil engineering by lowering the reactor down a drill shaft a mile deep. A pair of pipes would be attached. One to send down water and another to bring back steam from the reactor's steam generator. The upshot is a small reactor that uses the same type of fuel and many of the same components as a PWR reactor, but one that has almost no moving parts except for the control rods that are operated remotely. Since the water column is a mile high, it would pressurize the reactor by its sheer weight, much like sticking it a mile under the sea, so no need for a pressurizer and the cooling system would be entirely passive. In addition, being encased in solid rock far below any water table removes any need for a containment system. If things get really bad, fill in the shaft and cap it. According to the company, if the reactor needs inspection or servicing, it can be hauled to the surface by cables in about an hour or two. The reactor's design is also self-limiting, so if it does manage to overheat, the nuclear reaction will automatically dampen itself down. The concept still has a long way to go, but Deep Fission has already begun the pre-application and application review process with the Department of Energy of its plan for developing the system and finding the best geological location for a pilot plant. If successful, it could give a whole new meaning to 'geothermal power.' Source: Deep Fission Tags EnergyNuclearPowerElectricity * Facebook * Twitter * Flipboard * LinkedIn 5 comments David Szondy David Szondy David Szondy is a playwright, author and journalist based in Seattle, Washington. A retired field archaeologist and university lecturer, he has a background in the history of science, technology, and medicine with a particular emphasis on aerospace, military, and cybernetic subjects. In addition, he is the author of four award-winning plays, a novel, reviews, and a plethora of scholarly works ranging from industrial archaeology to law. David has worked as a feature writer for many international magazines and has been a feature writer for New Atlas since 2011. Most Viewed * The H2Starfire engine promises insanely efficient combustion power with zero NOx emissions and clean water as the only byproduct Technology H2Starfire engine: A new and insanely efficient type of rotary * The EMC SR-71 watch Wearables EMC SR-71 watch with dash of SR-71 Blackbird spy-plane in crank handle * The Swing Away tent drops its disc feet down onto base camp Outdoors Swing-away hitch tent base camps like a fabric moon lander Load More 5 comments Sign in to post a comment. Please keep comments to less than 150 words. No abusive material or spam will be published. Pablo August 27, 2024 06:58 AM If the heat source (reactor) is a mile deep, please explain how the manufacturer plans on keeping the steam from condensing as it rises back to the surface. Even at a high pressure, the amount of heat transfer from the steam to the surrounding soils would cause this design to be inefficient. vince August 27, 2024 07:00 AM That's a great way to endanger the water table if a lot of these things near water tables went South. I guess the water would be 'cleansed' of bacteria and the like but consuming radiation wouldn't be too cool. TechGazer August 27, 2024 08:26 AM "If things get really bad, fill in the shaft and cap it." Put the Deepwater Horizon crew on that; problem solved ... eventually. Greg Jeffcoat August 27, 2024 12:19 PM There is a difference between a mile of water's pressure at one mile, and a mile of air above one mile deep. Every 30 feet of sea water is equal to approximately 14.7 psi. It takes over 50,000 feet of air column above sea level to create a force of 14.7 psi. So a mile below sea level into the earth of air pressure creates an additional 1.5 psi, so something like 16.2 psi total on the reactor. So they'll have to come up with another way to pressurize the reactor for proper operating parameters . Jinpa August 27, 2024 12:38 PM Nuclear and safe don't belong in the same sentence, much less in a paragraph or article. Read the book Insurmountable Risks, by Brice Smith. When, not if, these devices fail, irreversible nuclear pollution of the water table is inevitable. Not smart. Saving comment... [ ] Post New Atlas logo GET OUR NEWSLETTER Over 220,000 people receive our email newsletter. Get your daily dose of extraordinary ideas! 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