https://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/molecule-restores-cognition-memory-in-alzheimers-disease-model-mice Skip to main content UCLA Newsroom Toggle menu UCLA Newsroom * Categories All content Arts + culture Environment + climate Faculty + staff Health + behavior Nation, world + society Science + technology Students + campus University news UCLA in the community UCLA Magazine Campus statements Election 2024 * For news media Media contacts at UCLA Media advisories News releases Images About UCLA: Fast facts Media guide to faculty experts Journalist guide to UCLA UCLA on X Media Relations staff UCLA Broadcast Studio Newsletter sign-up Toggle search Search Newsroom [ ] Submit search Close search Brain MRI Anna Shvets/Pexels A molecule identified and synthesized by UCLA Health researchers has the potential to revitalize memory and cognition for several conditions, including Alzheimer's disease and depression. Health + Behavior Molecule restores cognition and memory in Alzheimer's disease mouse study Health + Behavior Molecule restores cognition and memory in Alzheimer's disease mouse study Brain MRI Anna Shvets/Pexels A molecule identified and synthesized by UCLA Health researchers has the potential to revitalize memory and cognition for several conditions, including Alzheimer's disease and depression. Will Houston August 13, 2024 share iconShare link icon Copy Link facebook icon Facebook X icon X LinkedIn icon LinkedIn Key takeaways * In a new study, a molecule identified and synthesized by UCLA Health researchers was shown to restore cognifitive functions in mice with Alzheimer's disease symptoms. * The compound effectively jump-started the brain's memory circuity in the mice. * If proven to have similar effects in humans, the candidate compound would be novel among Alzheimer's treatments in its ability to revitalize memory and cognition. In a new study, a molecule identified and synthesized by UCLA Health researchers was shown to restore cognitive functions in mice with symptoms of Alzheimer's disease by effectively jump-starting the brain's memory circuitry. If proven to have similar effects in humans, the candidate compound would be novel among Alzheimer's disease treatments in its ability to revitalize memory and cognition, study authors said. "There is really nothing like this on the market or experimentally that has been shown to do this," said study lead author Dr. Istvan Mody, the Tony Coelho Professor of Neurology and distinguished professor of physiology at UCLA Health. The molecule, DDL-920, works differently from recent FDA-approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease such as lecanemab and aducanumab, which remove harmful plaque that accumulates in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. While removing this plaque has been shown to slow the rate of cognitive decline, it does not restore the memory or remedy cognitive impairments. "They leave behind a brain that is maybe plaqueless, but all the pathological alterations in the circuits and the mechanisms in the neurons are not corrected," Mody said. In the study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, UCLA researchers led by Dr. Istvan Mody and Dr. Varghese John, a professor of neurology and director of the Drug Discovery Laboratory (DDL) at the Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care at UCLA sought to find a compound that could figuratively flip the switch back on in the brain's memory circuitry. Similar to a traffic signal, the brain fires off electric signals at different rhythms to start and stop various functions. Gamma oscillations are some of the highest-frequency rhythms and have been shown to orchestrate brain circuits underlying cognitive processes and working memory -- the type of memory used to remember a phone number. Patients with early Alzheimer's disease symptoms such as mild cognitive impairment have been shown to have reduced gamma oscillations, Mody said. Other studies attempted to use neuromodulation techniques to stimulate gamma oscillations to restore memory. Auditory, visual or transcranial magnetic stimulation at a frequency of 40 hertz -- similar to the frequency of a cat's purr -- worked to dissolve plaques in the brain but again did not show notable cognitive enhancements, Mody said. In this latest study, Mody and his team sought to tackle the problem from a different perspective. If they could not jump-start these memory circuits using external tools, perhaps there was a way to trigger these electrical rhythms from the inside using a molecule. Specifically, they needed a compound to target certain fast-firing neurons, known as the parvalbumin interneurons, that are critical in generating gamma oscillations and therefore memory and cognitive functions. However, certain chemical receptors in these neurons that respond to the chemical messenger known as Gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, work like brake pedals to reduce the gamma oscillations entrained by these neurons. Mody, John and their team identified the compound DDL-920 to antagonize these receptors, allowing the neurons to sustain more powerful gamma oscillations. To test whether this would result in improved memory and cognition, researchers used mice that were genetically modified to have symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Both these Alzheimer's disease-model mice and wild-type mice underwent baseline cognitive testing in a Barnes maze -- a circular platform surrounded by visual clues and containing one escape hole. The maze is used to measure how well rodents can learn and remember the location of the escape hole. After the initial tests, researchers orally administered DDL-920 to the Alzheimer's model mice twice daily for two weeks. Following treatment, the Alzheimer's disease-model mice were able to recall the escape hole in the maze at similar rates as the wild-type mice. Additionally, the treated mice did not display any abnormal behavior, hyperactivity or other visible side effects over the two-week period. Mody said that while the treatment was effective in mice, much more work would be needed to determine if the treatment would be safe and effective in humans. Should it ultimately prove to be effective, the drug could have implications for treatments of other diseases and health conditions that have diminished gamma oscillations, such as depression, schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder, Mody said. "We are very enthusiastic about that because of the novelty and the mechanism of action that has not been tackled in the past," Mody said. Tags: research | neuroscience | biological sciences | health | Alzheimers Related Links * $7M NIH grant will help UCLA scientists to study if brain stimulation during sleep can bolster memory * The brain cells you haven't heard about Media Contact Will Houston 310-948-2966 whouston@mednet.ucla.edu Top UCLA News UCLA Chancellor-designate Dr. Julio Frenk seated in front of Royce Hall with partial blue tinted treatment University News Julio Frenk to take helm of UCLA, nation's No. 1-ranked public university, as its 7th chancellor Homeless woman sleeping on the street Health + Behavior L.A. 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