https://samwho.dev/numbers/?fo

Latency Numbers Every Programmer Should Know

Visualisation by samwho, based on the work of Colin Scott.

- 2020 +
L1 cache reference
Branch mispredict
L2 cache reference
Mutex lock/unlock
Send 1K bytes over 1 Gbps network
Main memory reference
Compress 1K bytes with Zippy
Read 1 MB sequentially from memory
Read 4K randomly from SSD
Read 1 MB sequentially from SSD
Round trip within same datacenter
Read 1 MB sequentially from disk
Disk seek
Send packet CA->Netherlands->CA