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August 28, 2020
What did the katydids do when picking up bat sounds?
by Cornell University
What did the katydids do when picking up bat sounds? Steirodon
stalii. Credit: Laurel Symes
Ecosystems can be incredibly complex, with many interacting species.
In many habitats, predators shape they behavior of prey and prey
shape the behavior of predators. This paper provides a detailed look
at the predator-prey relationship between bats and katydids, a group
of insects related to crickets and grasshoppers.
Some species of bats hunt katydids by eavesdropping on their mating
calls. However, katydids aren't defenseless. Many species of katydids
have ears that can hear the ultrasonic echolocation calls of bats. In
some habitats, katydids stop calling when they hear the echolocation
calls of bats. We studied katydids in Neotropical forests and
predicted that they would stop calling when they heard the
echolocation calls of approaching bats. What we found was a
surprise--most of the katydid species continued calling even when
hearing the echolocation calls of predatory eavesdropping bats.
In Neotropical forests, there are many species of bats. Some of these
bats eat fruit and others catch flying insects. Most of these bat
species are no risk to a perched, singing katydid. However, all of
these bats produce echolocation, so while the forest is full of
echolocation calls, less than 4% of those calls come from bats that
might eavesdrop on katydid calls. For a katydid, this means that
calling is very risky, but because there are so many bats producing
echolocation calls, if katydids stop singing when they hear
echolocation, they would have few opportunities to attract a mate.
What did the katydids do when picking up bat sounds? Phylloptera
dimidiata. Credit: Laurel Symes
By measuring the neural activity from their ears, we know that
katydids are capable of hearing bats, but most of the species that we
studied sing at the same rate, regardless of whether they are hearing
bats. Most of the species that we studied have a more proactive
strategy, using very short, very rare calls. Many species produce
very little sound...less than two seconds per insect per night!
What did the katydids do when picking up bat sounds? Copiphora
brevirostris. Credit: Christian Ziegler
This is a cool example of how the evolution of predator-prey
relationships is affected by other species in the environment,
underscoring the complex and interconnected dynamics of natural
ecosystems.
More information: Laurel B. Symes et al, Sheep in wolves' clothing:
prey rely on proactive defences when predator and non-predator cues
are similar, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
(2020). DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1212
Journal information: Proceedings of the Royal Society B
Provided by Cornell University
Citation: What did the katydids do when picking up bat sounds? (2020,
August 28) retrieved 13 December 2023 from https://phys.org/news/
2020-08-katydids.html
This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing
for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be
reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided
for information purposes only.
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