https://www.infoq.com/news/2023/10/java-at-netflix-bakker/ BT Toggle Navigation Facilitating the Spread of Knowledge and Innovation in Professional Software Development English edition * English edition * Chinese edition * Japanese edition * French edition Write for InfoQ Search [ ] [Search] Sign Up / Login Email [ ] Password [ ] [Login] Forgot password ? InfoQ Account Email [ ] [Send Recovery Email] Back to login Resend Activation [ ] [Resend] Back to login Login with: Google Microsoft Twitter Facebook Don't have an InfoQ account? Sign Up Logo - Back to homepage News Articles Presentations Podcasts Guides Topics Development * Java * Kotlin * .Net * C# * Swift * Go * Rust * JavaScript Featured in Development * A Big Dashboard of Problems: Creating Preventative Security Strategies Travis McPeak explores the forefront of simple and effective preventative security strategies. 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Adam Jacob Discusses DevOps, Modelling Infrastructure, and Increasing Collaboration All in devops EventsNew Helpful links * About InfoQ * InfoQ Editors * Write for InfoQ * About C4Media * Diversity Choose your language * En * Zhong Wen * Ri Ben * Fr [eyJidWNrZX] QCon San Francisco: Video-Only Pass Video-Only Pass for professionally edited conference recordings. Available from Oct 20, 2023. [eyJidWNrZX] QCon London Discover new ideas and insights from senior practitioners driving change in software. Attend in-person. [eyJidWNrZX] The Software Architects' Newsletter Your monthly guide to all the topics, technologies and techniques that every professional needs to know about. Subscribe for free. InfoQ Homepage News QCon SF 2023: How Netflix Really Uses Java by Paul Bakker Java QCon SF 2023: How Netflix Really Uses Java by Paul Bakker Like Print Bookmarks Oct 09, 2023 2 min read by * Michael Redlich Write for InfoQ Join a community of experts. Increase your visibility. Grow your career.Learn more Paul Bakker, Java Platform at Netflix, Java Champion, and Co-Author of "Java 9 Modularity," presented How Netflix Really Uses Java at the 2023 QCon San Francisco conference. Bakker put an end to the myth that "Netflix is all RxJava microservices with Hystrix and Spring Cloud and Chaos Monkeys running the show." Bakker described the original architecture behind the familiar Netflix movie application, accessed via television and other devices, that connects to their Groovy-enabled API server using REST and gRPC connections to their various services. [1infoq-net] The first upgrades featured multiple remote calls, parallel computing and fault tolerance implemented with RxJava and Hystrix. However, there were limitations such as: a script required for each endpoint, UI developers who generally don't like Groovy and Java; and the fact that reactive programming is hard. [1infoq-net] Bakker then introduced the GraphQL Federation, an architecture model that allows multiple GraphQL services, known as subgraphs or federated services, to be combined into a single schema or API, and the concept behind GraphQL as an alternative to the over-fetching and under-fetching issues inherent in REST. Their GraphQL Federated Gateway connecting to Domain Graph Services (DGS) essentially replaced the original API server to communicate with the various services via gRPC. Benefits included: no API duplication; no server-side development for the UI developers; a shared GraphQL schema; and no Java client libraries. [1infoq-net] Java remains in active development at Netflix. They support Azul Zulu 17, Azul's downstream distribution of OpenJDK, with active testing on JDK 21, running approximately 2800 applications built with approximately 1500 libraries. Gradle along with Nebula, a collection of Gradle plugins built by Netflix, and IntelliJ IDEA are their preferred build tools. Bakker provided a retrospective of their JDK 17 upgrade that provided performance benefits, especially since they were running JDK 8 as recently as this year. Netflix observed a 20% increase of CPU usage on JDK 17 compared to JDK 8. This was mostly due to the improvements in the G1 garbage collector. Netflix is actively testing on JDK 21, and Bakker feels that a subsequent upgrade to JDK 21 will be much easier and faster. The use of Generational ZGC will be a much better fit for a variety of workloads at Netflix and they will ultimately replace their thread pools with virtual threads. But "virtual threads are not a free lunch," Bakker maintained, as he warned that simply adding virtual threads to an application can actually decrease performance if the libraries are CPU intensive. Netflix also supports Spring Cloud with Spring Cloud Netflix, a subproject that provides Netflix open-source software integrations for Spring Boot apps. About the Author Michael Redlich Show moreShow less Rate this Article Adoption ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Style ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] [Submit] [ ] [Submit] [ ] Author Contacted This content is in the Java topic Related Topics: * Development * Architecture & Design * DevOps * AI, ML & Data Engineering * JDK 21 * GraphQL * Java * QCon San Francisco 2023 * API * Virtual Thread * Netflix * Concurrency * QCon Software Development Conference * Spring Cloud * Architecture * Related Editorial * Related Sponsored Content * Popular across InfoQ + Microsoft Announces a New Azure SQL Database Free Offer in Public Preview + Distributed Materialized Views: How Airbnb's Riverbed Processes 2.4 Billion Daily Events + AWS Lambda under the Hood: Mike Danilov at QCon San Francisco + Change Data Capture for Microservices + Cloudflare Turnstile: CAPTCHA Replacement Now GA and Available for Free + Adam Jacob Discusses DevOps, Modelling Infrastructure, and Increasing Collaboration Related Content The InfoQ Newsletter A round-up of last week's content on InfoQ sent out every Tuesday. 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