https://www.makingmolecules.com/handouts 0 Skip to Content Welcome Blog Handouts Making Molecules Open Menu Close Menu Welcome Blog Handouts Making Molecules Open Menu Close Menu Welcome Blog Handouts Reproducing a summary? If you are using any of these on social media, I'd appreciate that you add an attribution to this site: * On Twitter add @nz_molecules * On Mastodon add @nz_molecules@mas.to * Or just add a link to here https://www.makingmolecules.com/ handouts Lewis structure summary TLC summary Valence Bond Theory and Hybrid Atomic Orbitals Common Functional Groups Naming simple organic molecules Drawing simple organic molecules Determining formal charges Resonance Part 1 Resonance & the curly arrow Polarity & Non-Covalent Interactions Part 1 Intermolecular interactions & Physical Properties Intro to aromatics An introduction to stereochemistry Stereochemical descriptors Organic molecule isomer flowchart Simplified Isomer Flowchart - for 1st Years A 'pretty' isomer flowchart (or an attempt at least) Conformation of simple alkanes The conformation of cyclohexane Stereochemical descriptors for Axes and Helices Stereochemical descriptors for molecules with a stereogenic plane A brief summary of equilibrium reactions Le Chatelier's Principle Version 2 Le Chatelier's Principle Version 1 Animation Showing Effect of Adding Reactant View fullsize Animation showing the effect of removing a reactant View fullsize Animation showing the effect of heating an endothermic reaction View fullsize Animation showing the effect of heating an exothermic reaction View fullsize Animation showing the effect of changing the pressure on a reaction containing gas molecules View fullsize Animation of ring-flipping in cyclohexane View fullsize Acids, bases, pKa and pH pKa Scale in Water pKa scale in DMSO Predicting Relative Acidity pKa Scale in MeCN Introduction to Chirality Curly arrows and reaction mechanisms Nucleophilic addition to aldehydes & ketones Diastereoselective addition to Carbonyl Condensation reactions of carbonyl group Mechanism of condensation Reaction with lone pairs Nucleophilic acyl substitution Alkenes as nucleophiles Part 1 - mechanisms Frontier orbitals & reactions of alkenes Anti-Markovnikov addition of HBr and H2O to an alkene Asymmetric Hydroboration both substrate and reagent control Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Summary Electrophilic aromatic substitution Electrophilic aromatic substitution - directing effects Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution - Addition-Elimination Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 2 - Diazonium salts Benzyne: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Summary of the Summaries of Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Conjugate Addition Collision Theory Lewis structure summary TLC summary Valence Bond Theory and Hybrid Atomic Orbitals Common Functional Groups Naming simple organic molecules Drawing simple organic molecules Determining formal charges Resonance Part 1 Resonance & the curly arrow Polarity & Non-Covalent Interactions Part 1 Intermolecular interactions & Physical Properties Intro to aromatics An introduction to stereochemistry Stereochemical descriptors Organic molecule isomer flowchart Simplified Isomer Flowchart - for 1st Years A 'pretty' isomer flowchart (or an attempt at least) Conformation of simple alkanes The conformation of cyclohexane Stereochemical descriptors for Axes and Helices Stereochemical descriptors for molecules with a stereogenic plane A brief summary of equilibrium reactions Le Chatelier's Principle Version 2 Le Chatelier's Principle Version 1 Animation Showing Effect of Adding Reactant Animation showing the effect of removing a reactant Animation showing the effect of heating an endothermic reaction Animation showing the effect of heating an exothermic reaction Animation showing the effect of changing the pressure on a reaction containing gas molecules Animation of ring-flipping in cyclohexane Acids, bases, pKa and pH pKa Scale in Water pKa scale in DMSO Predicting Relative Acidity pKa Scale in MeCN Introduction to Chirality Curly arrows and reaction mechanisms Nucleophilic addition to aldehydes & ketones Diastereoselective addition to Carbonyl Condensation reactions of carbonyl group Mechanism of condensation Reaction with lone pairs Nucleophilic acyl substitution Alkenes as nucleophiles Part 1 - mechanisms Frontier orbitals & reactions of alkenes Anti-Markovnikov addition of HBr and H2O to an alkene Asymmetric Hydroboration both substrate and reagent control Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Summary Electrophilic aromatic substitution Electrophilic aromatic substitution - directing effects Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution - Addition-Elimination Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 2 - Diazonium salts Benzyne: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Summary of the Summaries of Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Conjugate Addition Collision Theory Making Molecules Welcome Blog Handouts Made with Squarespace