http://www.robalni.org/riscv/instructions.html robalni.org RISC-V instructions Instructions by category add addi addiw addw amoadd.d amoadd.w amomax.d amomaxu.d amomaxu.w amomax.w amomin.d amominu.d amominu.w amomin.w div divu divuw divw (fabs.d) ( Arithmetic: fabs.s) fadd.d fadd.s fdiv.d fdiv.s fmadd.d fmadd.s fmax.d fmax.s fmin.d fmin.s fmsub.d fmsub.s fmul.d fmul.s (fneg.d) (fneg.s) fnmadd.d fnmadd.s fnmsub.d fnmsub.s fsqrt.d fsqrt.s fsub.d fsub.s mul mulh mulhsu mulhu mulw (neg) (negw) rem remu remuw remw sub subw Logic: amoand.d amoand.w amoor.d amoor.w amoxor.d amoxor.w and andi (not) or ori xor xori Branch: beq (beqz) bge bgeu (bgez) (bgt) (bgtu) (bgtz) (ble) ( bleu) (blez) blt bltu (bltz) bne (bnez) Jump: (call) (j) jal jalr (jr) (ret) (tail) Memory: fence fence.i fld flw fsd fsw lb lbu ld lh lhu lr.d lr.w lw lwu sb sc.d sc.w sd sh sw fcvt.d.l fcvt.d.lu fcvt.d.s fcvt.d.w fcvt.d.wu Convert: fcvt.l.d fcvt.l.s fcvt.lu.d fcvt.lu.s fcvt.s.d fcvt.s.l fcvt.s.lu fcvt.s.w fcvt.s.wu fcvt.w.d fcvt.w.s fcvt.wu.d fcvt.wu.s Conditional: feq.d feq.s fle.d fle.s flt.d flt.s (seqz) (sgtz) slt slti sltiu sltu (sltz) (snez) amoswap.d amoswap.w auipc csrrc csrrci csrrs csrrsi csrrw csrrwi ebreak ecall fclass.d fclass.s (fmv.d) Uncategorized: fmv.d.x (fmv.s) fmv.w.x fmv.x.d fmv.x.w fsgnj.d fsgnjn.d fsgnjn.s fsgnj.s fsgnjx.d fsgnjx.s (la) (li) lui (mv) (nop) (sext.w) sll slli slliw sllw sra srai sraiw sraw srl srli srliw srlw Explanations Term Meaning imm Immediate integer value pc Program counter rd Destination integer register fd Destination floating-point register rs* Source integer register fs* Source floating-point register sext(n) Sign extend n 1ext(n) 1-extend n; fill upper bits with ones; called "nan-boxing" when done with floating-point values x[n] Integer register number n f[n] Floating-point register number n M[n] Memory at address n <[s] Less than (signed) <[u] Less than (unsigned) ^ Bitwise Exclusive OR | Bitwise OR & Bitwise AND ~ Bitwise NOT << Logical bitshift left >>[u] Logical bitshift right >>[s] Arithmetic bitshift right XLEN The size of a register in bits (32 on RV32, 64 on RV64) XHI The index of the highest bit (XLEN - 1) DXHI The index of the highest bit of a double sized register (XLEN * 2 - 1) byte 8-bit number halfword 16-bit number word 32-bit number doubleword 64-bit number Some of the instructions are called "pseudoinstructions". They are not real instructions for the processor with their own encoding, but a syntax that your assembler may compile into one or more real instructions. The reason that they have been defined is probably to make assembly code easier to read and write. An example of a pseudoinstruction is "j" to jump, which is defined as a special use of "jal" that doesn't link. Floating-point instructions have a field called "rm". This field selects the rounding mode. Possible values are: Value Name Description 000 RNE Round to nearest, ties to even. 001 RTZ Round towards zero. 010 RDN Round down. 011 RUP Round up. 100 RMM Round to nearest, ties to max magnitude. 101 Invalid. 110 Invalid. 111 DYN Dynamic; use rounding mode specified in rounding mode register. Atomic instructions have the fields "aq" and "rl". They work like the "fence" instruction. If "aq" is 1 then no memory operation following the atomic instruction can be observed before the atomic instruction by any hart. If "rl" is 1 then no memory operation before the atomic instruction can be observed after the atomic instruction by any hart. For full specifications, see https://riscv.org/technical/ specifications/. Instructions RV32I, RV64I add rd, rs1, rs2 Add. Add rs1 and rs2 and put the result in rd. Arithmetic overflow is ignored. x[rd] = x[rs1] + x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 000 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I addi rd, rs1, imm Add immediate. Add rs1 and imm and put the result in rd. Arithmetic overflow is ignored. x[rd] = x[rs1] + sext(imm) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:0] rs1 000 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I addiw rd, rs1, imm Add word immediate. Add rs1 and imm and put the result in rd. Arithmetic overflow is ignored. x[rd] = sext((x[rs1] + sext(imm))[31:0]) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:0] rs1 000 rd 0011011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I addw rd, rs1, rs2 Add word. Add rs1 and rs2 and put the result in rd. Arithmetic overflow is ignored. x[rd] = sext((x[rs1] + x[rs2])[31:0]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 000 rd 0111011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amoadd.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic add doubleword. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, add rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. Arithmetic overflow is ignored. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = M[x[rs1]][63:0] M[x[rs1]] = (x[rd] + x[rs2])[63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 00000, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: add --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amoadd.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic add word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, add rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. Arithmetic overflow is ignored. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = (M[x[rs1]][31:0] + x[rs2])[31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 00000, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: addw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amoand.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic AND doubleword. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the bitwise AND on rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][63:0]) M[x[rs1]] = (M[x[rs1]][63:0] & x[rs2])[63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 01100, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: and --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amoand.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic AND word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the bitwise AND on rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = (M[x[rs1]][31:0] & x[rs2])[31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 01100, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: and --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amomax.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic maximum doubleword. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the maximum value of rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][63:0]) M[x[rs1]] = max(M[x[rs1]][63:0], x[rs2])[63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 10100, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amomaxu.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic unsigned maximum word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the unsigned maximum value of rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][63:0]) M[x[rs1]] = max[u](M[x[rs1]][63:0], x[rs2])[63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 11100, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amomaxu.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic unsigned maximum word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the unsigned maximum value of rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = max[u](M[x[rs1]][31:0], x[rs2])[31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 11100, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amomax.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic maximum word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the maximum value of rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = max(M[x[rs1]][31:0], x[rs2])[31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 10100, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amomin.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic minimum doubleword. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the minimum value of rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][63:0]) M[x[rs1]] = min(M[x[rs1]][63:0], x[rs2])[63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 10000, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amominu.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic unsigned minimum word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the unsigned minimum value of rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][63:0]) M[x[rs1]] = min[u](M[x[rs1]][63:0], x[rs2])[63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 11000, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amominu.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic unsigned minimum word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the unsigned minimum value of rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = min[u](M[x[rs1]][31:0], x[rs2])[31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 11000, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amomin.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic minimum word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the minimum value of rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = min(M[x[rs1]][31:0], x[rs2])[31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 10000, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amoor.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic OR doubleword. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the bitwise OR on rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][63:0]) M[x[rs1]] = (M[x[rs1]][63:0] | x[rs2])[63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 01000, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: or --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amoor.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic OR word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the bitwise OR on rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = (M[x[rs1]][31:0] | x[rs2])[31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 01000, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: or --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amoswap.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic swap doubleword. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd and write the value of rs2 to address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][63:0]) M[x[rs1]] = x[rs2][63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 00001, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amoswap.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic swap word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd and write the value of rs2 to address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = x[rs2][31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 00001, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64A amoxor.d rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic XOR doubleword. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the bitwise XOR on rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 8 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][63:0]) M[x[rs1]] = (M[x[rs1]][63:0] ^ x[rs2])[63:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 00100, aq, rl rs2 rs1 011 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: xor --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32A, RV64A amoxor.w rd, rs2, (rs1) Atomic XOR word. Atomically load the value at address rs1 into rd, calculate the bitwise XOR on rd and rs2 and put the result in memory at address rs1. The address in rs1 must be aligned to 4 bytes. x[rd] = sext(M[x[rs1]][31:0]) M[x[rs1]] = (M[x[rs1]][31:0] ^ x[rs2])[31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 00100, aq, rl rs2 rs1 010 rd 0101111 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: xor --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I and rd, rs1, rs2 AND. Calculate bitwise AND on rs1 and rs2 and put the result in rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] & x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 111 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I andi rd, rs1, imm AND immediate. Calculate bitwise AND on rs1 and imm and put the result in rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] & sext(imm) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:0] rs1 111 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I auipc rd, imm[31:12] Add upper immediate to pc. Can be used to build addresses relative to program counter. Add imm (with lower 12 bits = 0) and pc and put the result in rd. x[rd] = pc + sext(imm[31:12] << 12) 31 12 11 7 6 0 imm[31:12] rd 0010111 20 5 7 Related: lui --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I beq rs1, rs2, imm Branch if =. Add imm (multiple of 2) to pc if rs1 and rs2 are equal. if (rs1 == rs2) pc += sext(imm) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[12,10:5] rs2 rs1 000 imm[4:1,11] 1100011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- beqz rs1, imm Branch if = zero. Pseudoinstruction. beq rs1, x0, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I bge rs1, rs2, imm Branch if >=. Add imm (multiple of 2) to pc if rs1 is greater than (signed) or equal to rs2. if (rs1 >=[s] rs2) pc += sext(imm) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[12,10:5] rs2 rs1 101 imm[4:1,11] 1100011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I bgeu rs1, rs2, imm Branch if >=, unsigned. Add imm (multiple of 2) to pc if rs1 is greater than (unsigned) or equal to rs2. if (rs1 >=[u] rs2) pc += sext(imm) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[12,10:5] rs2 rs1 111 imm[4:1,11] 1100011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- bgez rs1, imm Branch if >= zero. Pseudoinstruction. bge rs1, x0, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- bgt rs1, rs2, imm Branch if >. Pseudoinstruction. blt rs2, rs1, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- bgtu rs1, rs2, imm Branch if >, unsigned. Pseudoinstruction. bltu rs2, rs1, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- bgtz rs1, imm Branch if > zero. Pseudoinstruction. blt x0, rs1, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- ble rs1, rs2, imm Branch if <=. Pseudoinstruction. bge rs2, rs1, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- bleu rs1, rs2, imm Branch if <=, unsigned. Pseudoinstruction. bgeu rs2, rs1, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- blez rs, imm Branch if <= zero. Pseudoinstruction. bge x0, rs, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I blt rs1, rs2, imm Branch if <. Add imm (multiple of 2) to pc if rs1 is less than (signed) rs2. if (rs1 <[s] rs2) pc += sext(imm) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[12,10:5] rs2 rs1 100 imm[4:1,11] 1100011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I bltu rs1, rs2, imm Branch if <, unsigned. Add imm (multiple of 2) to pc if rs1 is less than (unsigned) rs2. if (rs1 <[u] rs2) pc += sext(imm) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[12,10:5] rs2 rs1 110 imm[4:1,11] 1100011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- bltz rs, imm Branch if < zero. Pseudoinstruction. blt rs, x0, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I bne rs1, rs2, imm Branch if [?]. Add imm (multiple of 2) to pc if rs1 and rs2 are not equal. if (rs1 [?] rs2) pc += sext(imm) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[12,10:5] rs2 rs1 001 imm[4:1,11] 1100011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- bnez rs, imm Branch if [?] zero. Pseudoinstruction. bne rs, x0, imm --------------------------------------------------------------------- call imm Call far-away subroutine. Pseudoinstruction. auipc x6, imm[31:12] jalr x1, imm[11:0](x6) Related: tail --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I csrrc rd csr rs1 Control and status register read and clear. Atomically writes the old value of csr to rd and clears the csr bits that are set in rs1. Unwritable bits in csr are unaffected. If rs1 is x0 then csr is not written to and no side effects from writing to it will occur (this is not the same when rs1 is another register that holds value 0). t = CSRs[csr] CSRs[csr] = t & ~x[rs1] x[rd] = t 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 csr rs1 011 rd 1110011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I csrrci rd csr imm[4:0] Control and status register read and clear immediate. Atomically writes the old value of csr to rd and clears the csr bits that are set in imm. Unwritable bits in csr are unaffected. If imm is 0 then csr is not written to and no side effects from writing to it will occur. t = CSRs[csr] CSRs[csr] = t & ~imm x[rd] = t 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 csr imm 111 rd 1110011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I csrrs rd, csr, rs1 Control and status register read and set. Atomically writes the old value of csr to rd and sets the csr bits that are set in rs1. Unwritable bits in csr are unaffected. If rs1 is x0 then csr is not written to and no side effects from writing to it will occur (this is not the same when rs1 is another register that holds value 0). t = CSRs[csr] CSRs[csr] = t | x[rs1] x[rd] = t 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 csr rs1 010 rd 1110011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I csrrsi rd, csr, imm[4:0] Control and status register read and set immediate. Atomically writes the old value of csr to rd and sets the csr bits that are set in imm. Unwritable bits in csr are unaffected. If imm is 0 then csr is not written to and no side effects from writing to it will occur. t = CSRs[csr] CSRs[csr] = t | imm x[rd] = t 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 csr imm 110 rd 1110011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I csrrw rd, csr, rs1 Control and status register read and write. Atomically writes the old value of csr to rd and rs1 to csr. If rd is x0 then csr is not read and no side effects from reading it will occur. t = CSRs[csr] CSRs[csr] = x[rs1] x[rd] = t 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 csr rs1 001 rd 1110011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I csrrwi rd, csr, imm[4:0] Control and status register read and write immediate. Atomically writes the old value of csr to rd and imm to csr. If rd is x0 then csr is not read and no side effects from reading it will occur. t = CSRs[csr] CSRs[csr] = imm x[rd] = t 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 csr imm 101 rd 1110011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32M, RV64M div rd, rs1, rs2 Divide. Divide rs1 by rs2 and put the result (rounded towards zero) in rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] /[s] x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000001 rs2 rs1 100 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: rem --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32M, RV64M divu rd, rs1, rs2 Divide unsigned. Divide unsigned rs1 by unsigned rs2 and put the result (rounded towards zero) in rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] /[u] x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000001 rs2 rs1 101 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: remu --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64M divuw rd, rs1, rs2 Divide unsigned word. Divide the lower 32 bits of unsigned rs1 by the lower 32 bits of unsigned rs2 and put the result (rounded towards zero) in rd. x[rd] = x[rs1][31:0] /[u] x[rs2][31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000001 rs2 rs1 101 rd 0111011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: remuw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64M divw rd, rs1, rs2 Divide word. Divide the lower 32 bits of rs1 by the lower 32 bits of rs2 and put the result (rounded towards zero) in rd. x[rd] = x[rs1][31:0] /[s] x[rs2][31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000001 rs2 rs1 100 rd 0111011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: remw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I ebreak Environment breakpoint. Used by debuggers to cause control to be transferred back to the debugger. RaiseException(Breakpoint) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 000000000001 00000 000 00000 1110011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I ecall Environment call. Make a request to the supporting execution environment (usually the operating system). RaiseException(EnvironmentCall) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 000000000000 00000 000 00000 1110011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- fabs.d fd, fs Double-precision absolute value. Pseudoinstruction. fsgnjx.d fd, fs, fs --------------------------------------------------------------------- fabs.s fd, fs Single-precision absolute value. Pseudoinstruction. fsgnjx.s fd, fs, fs --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fadd.d fd, fs1, fs2 Add double-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1+fs2 and put the result in fd. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = f[fs1] + f[fs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000001 fs2 fs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F fadd.s fd, fs1, fs2 Add single-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1+fs2 and put the result in fd. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = f[fs1] + f[fs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 fs2 fs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fclass.d rd, fs Classify double-precision floating-point. Set flags in rd depending on the properties of fs. Other bits are set to 0. rd bit Meaning 0 fs is -infinity 1 fs is a negative normal number 2 fs is a negative subnormal number 3 fs is -0 4 fs is +0 5 fs is a positive subnormal number 6 fs is a positive normal number 7 fs is +infinity 8 fs is a signaling NaN 9 fs is a quiet NaN r[rd] = Classify(f[fs]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1110001 00000 fs 001 rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F fclass.s rd, fs Classify single-precision floating-point. Set flags in rd depending on the properties of fs. Other bits are set to 0. rd bit Meaning 0 fs is -infinity 1 fs is a negative normal number 2 fs is a negative subnormal number 3 fs is -0 4 fs is +0 5 fs is a positive subnormal number 6 fs is a positive normal number 7 fs is +infinity 8 fs is a signaling NaN 9 fs is a quiet NaN r[rd] = Classify(f[fs]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1110000 00000 fs 001 rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64D fcvt.d.l fd, rs1 Convert 64-bit integer to double-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(i64_to_f32(x[rs1])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1101001 00010 rs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64D fcvt.d.lu fd, rs1 Convert 64-bit unsigned integer to double-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(u64_to_f32(x[rs1])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1101001 00011 rs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64D fcvt.d.s fd, fs1 Convert single-precision to double-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(f32_to_f64(f[fs1][31:0])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0100001 00000 fs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: fcvt.s.d --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fcvt.d.w fd, rs1 Convert 32-bit integer to double-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(i32_to_f32(x[rs1][31:0])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1101001 00000 rs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fcvt.d.wu fd, rs1 Convert 32-bit unsigned integer to double-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(u32_to_f32(x[rs1][31:0])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1101001 00001 rs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64D fcvt.l.d rd, fs1 Convert double-precision floating-point to 64-bit integer. Out of bounds results are clamped between minimum and maximum 64-bit signed integer values and the invalid flag is set. NaN counts as positive infinity. The rm field is rounding mode. x[rd] = f64_to_i64(f[fs1]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1100001 00010 fs1 rm rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64F fcvt.l.s rd, fs1 Convert single-precision floating-point to 64-bit integer. Out of bounds results are clamped between minimum and maximum 64-bit signed integer values and the invalid flag is set. NaN counts as positive infinity. The rm field is rounding mode. x[rd] = f32_to_i64(f[fs1]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1100000 00010 fs1 rm rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64D fcvt.lu.d rd, fs1 Convert double-precision floating-point to unsigned 64-bit integer. Out of bounds results are clamped between minimum and maximum 64-bit unsigned integer values and the invalid flag is set. NaN counts as positive infinity. The rm field is rounding mode. x[rd] = f32_to_u64(f[fs1]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1100001 00011 fs1 rm rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64F fcvt.lu.s rd, fs1 Convert single-precision floating-point to unsigned 64-bit integer. Out of bounds results are clamped between minimum and maximum 64-bit unsigned integer values and the invalid flag is set. NaN counts as positive infinity. The rm field is rounding mode. x[rd] = f32_to_u64(f[fs1]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1100000 00011 fs1 rm rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64D fcvt.s.d fd, fs1 Convert double-precision to single-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(f64_to_f632(f[fs1][63:0])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0100000 00001 fs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: fcvt.d.s --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64F fcvt.s.l fd, rs1 Convert 64-bit integer to single-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(i64_to_f32(x[rs1])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1101000 00010 rs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64F fcvt.s.lu fd, rs1 Convert 64-bit unsigned integer to single-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(u64_to_f32(x[rs1])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1101000 00011 rs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F fcvt.s.w fd, rs1 Convert 32-bit integer to single-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(i32_to_f32(x[rs1][31:0])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1101000 00000 rs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F fcvt.s.wu fd, rs1 Convert 32-bit unsigned integer to single-precision floating-point. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = 1ext(u32_to_f32(x[rs1][31:0])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1101000 00001 rs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fcvt.w.d rd, fs1 Convert double-precision floating-point to 32-bit integer. Out of bounds results are clamped between minimum and maximum 32-bit signed integer values and the invalid flag is set. NaN counts as positive infinity. The rm field is rounding mode. x[rd] = sext(f64_to_i32(f[fs1])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1100001 00000 fs1 rm rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F fcvt.w.s rd, fs1 Convert single-precision floating-point to 32-bit integer. Out of bounds results are clamped between minimum and maximum 32-bit signed integer values and the invalid flag is set. NaN counts as positive infinity. The rm field is rounding mode. x[rd] = sext(f32_to_i32(f[fs1])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1100000 00000 fs1 rm rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fcvt.wu.d rd, fs1 Convert double-precision floating-point to unsigned 32-bit integer. Out of bounds results are clamped between minimum and maximum 32-bit unsigned integer values and the invalid flag is set. NaN counts as positive infinity. The rm field is rounding mode. x[rd] = sext(f32_to_u32(f[fs1])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1100001 00001 fs1 rm rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F fcvt.wu.s rd, fs1 Convert single-precision floating-point to unsigned 32-bit integer. Out of bounds results are clamped between minimum and maximum 32-bit unsigned integer values and the invalid flag is set. NaN counts as positive infinity. The rm field is rounding mode. x[rd] = sext(f32_to_u32(f[fs1])) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1100000 00001 fs1 rm rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fdiv.d fd, fs1, fs2 Divide double-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1/fs2 and put the result in fd. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = f[fs1] / f[fs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0001101 fs2 fs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F fdiv.s fd, fs1, fs2 Divide single-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1/fs2 and put the result in fd. The rm field is rounding mode. f[fd] = f[fs1] / f[fs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0001100 fs2 fs1 rm fd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I fence pred, succ Fence memory and I/O. Ensure that no operation following the fence (that is specified in succ) can be observed before any operation preceding the fence (that is specified in pred), by any other RISC-V hart or external device. Example: "fence r, w" means that all reads before the fence must be observed before all writes after the fence by all harts and devices. Address space is divided into two types: main memory and input/ output. Load and store operations to main memory are ordered by the R and W bits. Load and store operations to I/O addresses are ordered by the I and O bits. pred and succ are 4 bit values specifying the types of operations where bit3=input, bit2=output, bit1=read, bit0=write. Any combination may be specified. fm (fence mode): 0000 = normal fence, as described above; 1000 "TSO" (with pred=RW and succ=RW) = like normal fence but allow pred writes to be ordered after succ reads. Fence(pred, succ) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 fm,pred,succ 00000 000 00000 0001111 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- fence Fence on all memory and I/O. Pseudoinstruction. fence iorw, iorw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I fence.i Fence instruction stream. Ensure that a subsequent instruction fetch on a RISC-V hart will see any previous data stores already visible to the same RISC-V hart. It does not ensure that other RISC-V harts will see the stores. Fence(Store, Fetch) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:0] 00000 001 00000 0001111 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D feq.d rd, fs1, fs2 Set if equal double-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1==fs2 and write 1 to rd if true, else 0. If either input is NaN, the result is 0 and the invalid operation flag is only set if either result is a signaling NaN. r[rd] = f[fs1] == f[fs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1010001 fs2 fs1 010 rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F feq.s rd, fs1, fs2 Set if equal single-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1==fs2 and write 1 to rd if true, else 0. If either input is NaN, the result is 0 and the invalid operation flag is only set if either result is a signaling NaN. r[rd] = f[fs1] == f[fs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1010000 fs2 fs1 010 rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fld fd, imm(rs1) Load double-precision floating-point. Copy doubleword from memory at address imm+rs1 into register fd. f[fd] = M[x[rs1] + sext(imm)] 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:0] rs1 011 fd 0000111 12 5 3 5 7 Related: fsd --------------------------------------------------------------------- fld fd, imm(rs) Floating-point load doubleword. Pseudoinstruction. auipc rs, imm[31:12] fld fd, imm[11:0](rs) --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D fle.d rd, fs1, fs2 Set if <= double-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1<=fs2 and write 1 to rd if true, else 0. If either input is NaN, the result is 0 and the invalid operation flag is set. r[rd] = f[fs1] <= f[fs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1010001 fs2 fs1 000 rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32F, RV64F fle.s rd, fs1, fs2 Set if <= single-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1<=fs2 and write 1 to rd if true, else 0. If either input is NaN, the result is 0 and the invalid operation flag is set. r[rd] = f[fs1] <= f[fs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 1010000 fs2 fs1 000 rd 1010011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32D, RV64D flt.d rd, fs1, fs2 Set if < double-precision floating-point. Calculate fs1 zero. Pseudoinstruction. slt rd, x0, rs --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I sh rs2, imm(rs1) Store halfword. Copy register rs2 as halfword into memory at address imm+rs1. M[x[rs1] + sext(imm)] = x[rs2][15:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:5] rs2 rs1 001 imm[4:0] 0100011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: lh --------------------------------------------------------------------- sh rd, imm(rs) Store halfword. Pseudoinstruction. auipc rs, imm[31:12] sh rd, imm[11:0](rs) --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I sll rd, rs1, rs2 Shift left logical. Shift rs1 left rs2 bits and put the result in rd. The lower bits are filled with zeros. Only the lower 5 bits (RV32I) or 6 bits (RV64I) in rs2 are used. x[rd] = x[rs1] << x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 001 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: srl --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I slli rd, rs1, imm Shift left logical immediate. Shift rs1 left imm bits. The lower bits are filled with zeros. x[rd] = x[rs1] << imm 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000, imm[4:0] rs1 001 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: srli --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I slli rd, rs1, imm Shift left logical immediate. Shift rs1 left imm bits. The lower bits are filled with zeros. x[rd] = x[rs1] << imm 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 000000, imm[5:0] rs1 001 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: srli --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I slliw rd, rs1, imm Shift left logical word immediate. Shift rs1 left imm bits. The lower bits are filled with zeros. imm[5] must be 0. x[rd] = sext((x[rs1] << imm)[31:0]) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 000000, imm[5:0] rs1 001 rd 0011011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: srliw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I sllw rd, rs1, rs2 Shift left logical word. Shift rs1 left rs2 bits and put the result in rd. The lower bits are filled with zeros. Only the lower 5 bits of rs2 are used. x[rd] = sext((x[rs1] << x[rs2][4:0])[31:0]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 001 rd 0111011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: srlw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I slt rd, rs1, rs2 Set if <. Put 1 in rd if rs1 is less than (signed) rs2, else 0 is written to rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] <[s] x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 010 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I slti rd, rs1, imm Set if < immediate. Put 1 in rd if rs1 is less than (signed) imm, else 0 is written to rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] <[s] sext(imm) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:0] rs1 010 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I sltiu rd, rs1, imm Set if < immediate, unsigned. Put 1 in rd if rs1 is less than (unsigned) imm, else 0 is written to rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] <[u] sext(imm) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:0] rs1 011 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I sltu rd, rs1, rs2 Set if <, unsigned. Put 1 in rd if rs1 is less than (unsigned) rs2, else 0 is written to rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] <[u] x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 011 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- sltz rd, rs Set if < zero. Pseudoinstruction. slt rd, rs, x0 --------------------------------------------------------------------- snez rd, rs Set if [?] zero. Pseudoinstruction. sltu rd, x0, rs --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I sra rd, rs1, rs2 Shift right arithmetic. Shift rs1 right rs2 bits and put the result in rd. The upper bits are filled with the original sign bit. Only the lower 5 bits (RV32I) or 6 bits (RV64I) in rs2 are used. x[rd] = x[rs1] >>[s] x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0100000 rs2 rs1 101 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: srl --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I srai rd, rs1, imm Shift right arithmetic immediate. Shift rs1 right imm bits. The upper bits are filled with the original sign bit. x[rd] = x[rs1] >>[s] imm 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0100000, imm[4:0] rs1 101 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: srli --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I srai rd, rs1, imm Shift right arithmetic immediate. Shift rs1 right imm bits. The upper bits are filled with the original sign bit. x[rd] = x[rs1] >>[s] imm 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 010000, imm[5:0] rs1 101 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: srli --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I sraiw rd, rs1, imm Shift right arithmetic word immediate. Shift rs1 right imm bits. The upper bits are filled with the original sign bit. x[rd] = sext(x[rs1][31:0] >>[s] imm) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 010000, imm[5:0] rs1 101 rd 0011011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: srliw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I sraw rd, rs1, rs2 Shift right arithmetic word. Shift rs1 right rs2 bits and put the result in rd. The upper bits are filled with the original sign bit. Only the lower 5 bits in rs2 are used. x[rd] = sext(x[rs1][31:0] >>[s] x[rs2][4:0]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0100000 rs2 rs1 101 rd 0111011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: srlw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I srl rd, rs1, rs2 Shift right logical. Shift rs1 right rs2 bits and put the result in rd. The upper bits are filled with zeros. Only the lower 5 bits (RV32I) or 6 bits (RV64I) in rs2 are used. x[rd] = x[rs1] >>[u] x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 101 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: sll, sra --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I srli rd, rs1, imm Shift right logical immediate. Shift rs1 right imm bits. The upper bits are filled with zeros. x[rd] = x[rs1] >>[u] imm 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000, imm[4:0] rs1 101 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: slli, srai --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I srli rd, rs1, imm Shift right logical immediate. Shift rs1 right imm bits. The upper bits are filled with zeros. x[rd] = x[rs1] >>[u] imm 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 000000, imm[5:0] rs1 101 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: slli, srai --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I srliw rd, rs1, imm Shift right logical word immediate. Shift rs1 right imm bits. The upper bits are filled with zeros. imm[5] must be 0. x[rd] = sext(x[rs1][31:0] >>[u] imm) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 000000, imm[5:0] rs1 101 rd 0011011 12 5 3 5 7 Related: slliw, sraiw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I srlw rd, rs1, rs2 Shift right logical word. Shift rs1 right rs2 bits and put the result in rd. The upper bits are filled with zeros. Only the lower 5 bits in rs2 are used. x[rd] = sext(x[rs1][31:0] >>[u] x[rs2][4:0]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 101 rd 0111011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: sllw, sraw --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I sub rd, rs1, rs2 Subtract. Subtract rs2 from rs1 and put the result in rd. Arithmetic overflow is ignored. x[rd] = x[rs1] - x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0100000 rs2 rs1 000 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV64I subw rd, rs1, rs2 Subtract word. Subtract rs2 from rs1 and put the result in rd. Arithmetic overflow is ignored. x[rd] = sext((x[rs1] - x[rs2])[31:0]) 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0100000 rs2 rs1 000 rd 0111011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I sw rs2, imm(rs1) Store word. Copy register rs2 as word into memory at address imm+rs1. M[x[rs1] + sext(imm)] = x[rs2][31:0] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:5] rs2 rs1 010 imm[4:0] 0100011 7 5 5 3 5 7 Related: lw --------------------------------------------------------------------- sw rd, imm(rs) Store word. Pseudoinstruction. auipc rs, imm[31:12] sw rd, imm[11:0](rs) --------------------------------------------------------------------- tail imm Tail call far-away subroutine. Pseudoinstruction. auipc x6, imm[31:12] jalr x0, imm[11:0](x6) Related: call --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I xor rd, rs1, rs2 Exclusive OR. Calculate bitwise XOR on rs1 and rs2 and put the result in rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] ^ x[rs2] 31 25 24 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 0000000 rs2 rs1 100 rd 0110011 7 5 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- RV32I, RV64I xori rd, rs1, imm Exclusive OR immediate. Calculate bitwise XOR on rs1 and imm and put the result in rd. x[rd] = x[rs1] ^ sext(imm) 31 20 19 15 14 12 11 7 6 0 imm[11:0] rs1 100 rd 0010011 12 5 3 5 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Updated: 2023-01-09