https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantu_a_tenore Jump to content [ ] [ ] Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Navigation * Main page * Contents * Current events * Random article * About Wikipedia * Contact us * Donate Contribute * Help * Learn to edit * Community portal * Recent changes * Upload file Languages Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [wikipe] Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia Search [ ] [Search] [Go] * Create account * Log in [ ] Personal tools * Create account * Log in Pages for logged out editors learn more * Contributions * Talk [ ] Contents move to sidebar hide * (Top) * 1Etymology * 2Technique * 3Tradition * 4Notes * 5References * 6Listening * 7See also * 8External links Toggle the table of contents [ ] Toggle the table of contents Cantu a tenore [ ] 7 languages * Catala * Francais * Hrvatski * Italiano * Sardu * Srpski / srpski * Srpskohrvatski / srpskokhrvatski Edit links * Article * Talk [ ] English * Read * Edit * View history [ ] Tools Tools move to sidebar hide Actions * Read * Edit * View history General * What links here * Related changes * Upload file * Special pages * Permanent link * Page information * Cite this page * Wikidata item Print/export * Download as PDF * Printable version In other projects * Wikimedia Commons From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Style of polyphonic folk singing characteristic of Sardinia, particularly the region of Barbagia See also: Music of Sardinia This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help [40px] to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (November 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Canto a tenore, Sardinian pastoral songs UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Sardinia Canto a tenores.jpg Canto a tenore in Oliena, Sardinia ---------------------------------------- Country Italy Domains Music Criteria ??? Reference 00165 Region EU Inscription history Inscription 2008 (3rd session) List Representative Unesco Cultural Heritage logo.svg The cantu a tenore (Sardinian: su tenore, su cuncordu, su cuntrattu, su cussertu, s'agorropamentu, su cantu a proa; Italian: canto a tenore) is a style of polyphonic folk singing characteristic of the island of Sardinia (Italy's second largest island), particularly the region of Barbagia, though some other Sardinian sub-regions bear examples of such tradition. In 2005, UNESCO proclaimed the cantu a tenore to be an example of intangible cultural heritage.^[1]^[2] Etymology[edit] The word tenore is not to be confused with the word "tenor" as a simple description of vocal register; it refers to the actual style of folk singing and is distinguished from other similar styles called by different names in different places on the island, such as taja in Gallura and concordu in Logudoro (Sassu 1978). In the Barbagia region on the island of Sardinia, there are two different styles of polyphonic singing: cuncordu, usually a form of sacred music, sung with regular voices, and tenore, usually a form of profane music, marked by the use of overtone singing. [250px-Tenore_Nuorese_1903] Singers from Nuoro (Nugoro) in 1903. Technique[edit] [220px-Map_Folklore_I_1990_-_Po] Map of polyphonic folk music in Italy Cantu a tenore is traditionally practised by groups of four male singers standing in a close circle.^[1] Each singer has a distinct role, here listed in descending pitch order--form a chorus (another meaning of tenore): * 'oche or boche (pronounced /oke/ or /boke/, 'voice') is the solo voice * mesu 'oche or mesu boche is the 'half voice' * contra is the 'counter' * bassu as 'bass' The bassu sings the same note sung by the 'oche, and contra a fifth above the bassu. The 'Oche and the mesu 'oche sing in a regular voice, whereas the contra and the bassu sing with a technique affecting the larynx. The 'oche sings a poetic text in Sardinian, which can be of epic, historic, satirical, amorous or even protest genre. The chorus consists of nonsense syllables (for example bim-bam-boo). According to popular tradition, mesu 'oche imitates the sound of wind, while the contra imitates a sheep bleating and the bassu a cow lowing. The solo voice starts a monodic vocal line and is then joined by the others as he indicates to them to join in. The effect is somewhat that of a round except that the points where the other singers join in vary and, thus, the harmonies vary from version to version. The execution differs in details between each of the villages where a tenore is sung to such an extent that the village can be immediately recognized. Tradition[edit] [220px-Tenores_di_bitti_mialinu] Tenores di Bitti [50px-G] Ballu Seriu starts with single voices (Oche, Bassu, Contra, Mesu Oche) Tenores di Bitti Mialinu Pira Live recording in Modena, June 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Problems playing this file? See media help. Although nowadays cuncordu and cantu a tenore are performed only by men, memories remain of a time where women groups performed as well, following the matriarchal tradition of Sardinia. According to some anthropologists, cantu a tenore was performed back in Nuragic times.^ [citation needed] Some of the most well known groups who perform a tenore are Tenores di Bitti, Tenore de Orosei, Tenore di Oniferi and Tenores di Neoneli. Notes[edit] 1. ^ ^a ^b "Canto a tenore, Sardinian pastoral songs". UNESCO. Retrieved 13 June 2017. 2. ^ Omar Bandinu, Il canto a tenore, dai nuraghi all'Unesco, Siti, 16(2,3), 2006 Archived November 2, 2013, at the Wayback Machine References[edit] * Macchiarella, Ignazio (1990). "La polivocalita di tradizione orale in Italia". "Le tradizioni popolari in Italia; canti e musiche popolari" a cura di Roberto Leydi. Milano: Electa. ISBN 8843532464. * Mercurio, Paolo (2001). Dialogo del Canto a Tenore. Solinas, Nuoro. * Sassu, P. (1978). La musica sarda. Milano: 3 LPs and booklet, Albatros VPA 8150-52. Cited in Macchiarella (1990). * Mercurio, Paolo (2014). Introduzione alla Musica Sarda. Narcissus, Milano. ISBN 9788868850135. Listening[edit] * Tenore singers on a mountain See also[edit] * Throat singing External links[edit] External video Cantu a tenore on Youtube video icon Sardinian Pastoral Songs (Unesco) * The Oral Tradition of the a Tenore Song, an expression of Intangible heritage of the Sardinian pastoral culture * Sardinian Music - Buy Sardinian Music * Tenores.org * Dan Nosowitz (2019). "The Many Pleasures of Sardinian Throat Singing". AtlasObscura. * v * t * e UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity: Music * Aka polyphony * Albanian folk iso-polyphony * Angklung * Aqyn * Arabic maqam * Arirang * Ashiqs of Azerbaijan * Azerbaijani tar * Baul music * Becarac * Bigwala * Biyelgee * Bistritsa Babi * Bumba-meu-boi from Maranhao * Byzantine music * Dainichido Bugaku * Beijing opera * Candombe * Cante Alentejano * Cantonese opera * Cantu a tenore * Ca tru * Cremona violins * Doina * Duduk * Eshuva * Fado * Frevo * Fujara * Gagaku * Gagok * Garifuna music * Georgian vocal polyphony * Gong culture * Guqin * Gwoka * Hua'er * Hudhud chants * Jongmyo Jereyak * Iraqi Maqam * Istrian scale * Kgal Laox Gum-rubber mallets on a balafon. * Khuumii * Klapa * Koodiyattam * Khorasan Bakhshi * Kumi odori * Kunqu * Lhamo * Long song * Maloya * Meshrep * Morin khuur * Mugham * Muqam * Nanyin * Nha nhac * Nongak * Ojkanje singing * Pansori * Pirekua * Quan ho * Qudud Halabiya * Radif * Reggae * Rebetiko * Sama * Samba de roda * Seto Leelo * Shashmaqam * Silbo Gomero * Slovacko Verbunk * Song of Sana'a * Sosso Bala * Sutartines * Tanchaz * The Song of the Sibyl * Tumba francesa * Vallenato * Vedic chant * Wayang kulit * Xi'an guyue * Xoan singing * Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= Cantu_a_tenore&oldid=1122221107" Categories: * Italian folk music * Music in Sardinia * Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity * A cappella * Four-part harmony Hidden categories: * Webarchive template wayback links * Articles with short description * Short description matches Wikidata * Articles lacking in-text citations from November 2021 * All articles lacking in-text citations * Articles containing Sardinian-language text * Articles containing Italian-language text * Articles with hAudio microformats * All articles with unsourced statements * Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022 * This page was last edited on 16 November 2022, at 13:29 (UTC). * Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0 ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia(r) is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. * Privacy policy * About Wikipedia * Disclaimers * Contact Wikipedia * Mobile view * Developers * Statistics * Cookie statement * Wikimedia Foundation * Powered by MediaWiki