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              # "We have achieved some of our dreams to advance
                science in Africa"
              # 6 international PhD students honored at the Institut
                Pasteur's 2021 PhD Graduation Ceremony
              # A 4-year research group soon to be created in China
              # A Global mapping of mosquitoes vectors of Zika virus
              # A Pasteur International Joint Unit to counteract the
                evolution of viruses
              # A new survival mechanism of the tubercle bacillus
                unveiled
              # A project to strengthen National Ethics Committees in
                Francophone Africa
              # A study of the maternal and neonatal outcomes of Zika
                virus infection in southern Vietnam
              # ATUN-DIPs project: a successful transfer of skills
                between the Institut Pasteur (Paris) and the Institut
                Pasteur de Tunis
              # Aedes aegypti mosquitoes' gut microbiota is
                environmentally determined
              # Agnes Buzyn, Minister of Solidarity and Health
                visited the vectopole of the Institut Pasteur de la
                Guyane
              # Anticipating and reacting quickly to outbreaks: a
                consortium won the Galien MedStartUp award
              # Avian flu: Cambodian markets under heavy surveillance
              # Can we make human plague history?
              # Claude Flamand : predicting epidemics with satellite
                images
              # Creation of network in Social Sciences and Humanities
                in the Pasteur Network
              # Dr Amy Kristine Bei to head a new 4-year research
                group on malaria in Dakar
              # Dr. Didier Koumavi Ekouevi Wins the 2018
                Dedonder-Clayton Award
              # Dr. Richard Njouom laureate of the Dedonder-Clayton
                Prize 2017
              # ERC grants: new funding awarded in October 2022
              # Elisabeth Carniel appointed Director General of the
                Pasteur Center in Cameroon
              # Elliot Rakotomanana, an anthropologist against
                malnutrition in Madagascar
              # Five young researchers from the Institut Pasteur
                International Network attended the 2017 PhD students'
                ceremony
              # Five young researchers from the Institut Pasteur
                International Network, at the 2018 doctoral ceremony
              # Food contamination in Cambodia contributing to the
                burden of antibiotic resistance
              # Four young researchers from the Institut Pasteur
                International Network present at the 2019 PhD Student
                Ceremony
              # Fucose, a new indicator to predict the severity of
                dengue
              # Halima Mainassara: from field investigator to
                director of CERMES in Niger
              # Hepatitis B: to better identify patients eligible for
                treatment in Africa
              # High incidence of neonatal infections in Madagascar
              # His Excellency Mr. Minh Chinh Pham, Prime Minister of
                Vietnam, visits the Institut Pasteur in Paris
              # Hong Kong's Centre for Immunology & Infection
                combines precision medicine and public health
              # In remembrance of Dr Francois Rouet
              # In remembrance of Dr Vu Thi Que Huong
              # Institut Pasteur and Hamad Bin Khalifa University
                will collaborate on training in the areas of genome
                research , precision medecine and disease prevention
              # Institut Pasteur de Dakar: The 4-years research group
                Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Modeling integrates
                the H3ABioNet pan-African network for bioinformatics
              # International workshop in Iran to strengthen
                surveillance and control of rabies
              # Low number of COVID-19 cases in Lao PTR: a
                seroprevalence study to confirm this figure
              # Malaria: Plasmodium falciparum protein MSP4 is a
                potential target for a vaccine
              # Mamadou Aliou Barry, a lookout against epidemics in
                Senegal
              # MediLabSecure: 4 years of health security improvement
                against vector-borne diseases in the Mediterranenan
                and Black Sea Regions
              # Medical entomology for surveilling vector-borne
                diseases explained in motion design
              # Meriem Ben Ali : a better diagnosis for immune
                deficiencies in Tunisia
              # Monitoring and early warning: Pasteur Center in
                Cameroon plays an active role in the response to
                SARS-CoV-2 virus
              # Monkeypox: a detailed profile of the disease
              # Moritoshi Iwagami Wins the 2018 Robert Deschiens
                Prize
              # Multicentric research has identify Leptospira
                bacteria circulating in Uruguay
              # National Health Laboratory Project launched
              # New Pasteur-USP Scientific Platform in Brazil to
                tackle neurological disorders with a one health
                approach
              # Nine Young Researchers from the Institut Pasteur
                International Network present at the 2020 PhD Student
                Ceremony
              # Pasteur International Network Association supported 3
                statements at World Health Assembly 2018
              # Pasteur Network Women honored for International
                Women's Day 2022
              # Pasteur Network renewed as a "Non-State actors in
                official relations with WHO"
              # Pertussis : progress but lack of surveillance
              # Rabies: a shorter, cheaper vaccination schedule
                following a suspected rabid dog bite
              # Renewal of the status of the Pasteur International
                Network Association as a "non-State actor in official
                relationship" with WHO
              # Report on the 49th Institut Pasteur International
                Network Directors' Council in Abidjan
              # Report on the 52nd International Network Council of
                Directors meeting - lessons to be drawn from the
                COVID-19 pandemic in the International Network
              # Researchers at the Institut Pasteur in French Guiana
                describe the persistence of Zika virus in semen
              # Researchers from Hong-Kong University - Pasteur
                Research Pole and Institut Pasteur of New Caledonia
                are winners of the "Pasteur Network Talent Award"
                2020.
              # Researchers from the Institut Pasteur in Iran and
                French Guiana Win the 2018 "Pasteur Talent" Award
              # Roka village in Cambodia: a history of iatrogenic HIV
                infection
              # Roman Thibeaux's joust with bacterial armor
              # Royal Society: looking back at the tribute to Louis
                Pasteur in London
              # Six institutions members of the Institut Pasteur
                international network engaged in an international
                coalition against epidemics in Africa
              # Spencer Shorte appointed Chief Scientific Officer to
                Institut Pasteur Korea
              # Strong increase in antibiotic resistance in Cambodia
              # Successful second international medical entomology
                course in Vientiane, Laos
              # Talent Awards 2021: two researchers within the
                Pasteur Network, from the Institut Pasteur de
                Montevideo and Sciensano awarded
              # The "Springboard" award for bilateral research
                cooperation - Africa recognizes two Pasteurians
              # The 2019 "Prince Albert II of Monaco - Institut
                Pasteur" Prize is awarded to Joacim Rocklov
              # The 49th Institut Pasteur International Network
                Directors council will be held in Abidjan
              # The 53rd Directors 'meeting of Pasteur Network honors
                young scientists
              # The Chinese Ambassador to France visits the Institut
                Pasteur
              # The FioCruz-Pasteur-USP tripartite agreement is
                bearing fruits
              # The IRD and the Institut Pasteur: renewal of the
                collaboration agreement in benefits of the global
                health
              # The Institut Pasteur International Network enters the
                GloPID-R alliance
              # The Institut Pasteur International Network is
                evolving and becoming the Pasteur Network
              # The Institut Pasteur International Network pays
                tribute to Professor Ogobara Doumbo
              # The Institut Pasteur and Fiocruz strengthen their
                partnership for entrepreneurship
              # The Institut Pasteur and the CSIR in synergy for
                research
              # The Institut Pasteur de Guinee opens its first
                laboratory in Conakry
              # The Institut Pasteur de Guinee: a young institute in
                the midst of the COVID-19 crisis
              # The Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Caledonie describes
                12 new species of leptospires and pays tribute to
                Pasteurians
              # The Institut Pasteur in French Guiana confirms a case
                of yellow fever
              # The Institut Pasteur launches a Scientific Platform
                in the university of Sao Paulo Research and
                Innovation Center
              # The first "Pasteur International Talent" reward two
                young scientists of the Institut Pasteur in
                Guadeloupe and Montevideo
              # The medical entomology course at the Institut Pasteur
                celebrates its 30th anniversary
              # The role of social sciences in the response to an
                epidemic: the example of the COVID-19 pandemic
              # Three new 4-year Research Groups to be established in
                Brazil
              # Three projects from the Institut Pasteur in Dakar and
                Madagascar selected for funding by AESA's Grand
                Challenge Africa
              # Twelve new species of Leptospira discovered in New
                Caledonian soils
              # Unprecedented solidarity and support to accompany the
                member institutes of the International Network in the
                face of the COVID-19 pandemic
              # Vaccines: a life insurance for humankind
              # Viral hepatitis: the challenge of communication in
                Africa
              # Wolbachia, bacteria to combat dengue
              # Zika virus in the Pacific : the influence of the
                geographical context on an outbreak's emergence
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          o Southeast Asia faces the rise of emerging diseases
          o Tackling allergies
          o The Georges, Jacques and Elias Canetti Prize celebrates
            its 15th anniversary!
          o The Insitut Pasteur is addressing the major scientific
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          o "COVID-19, cancers and antibiotic resistance: meeting the
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          o "N-terminomics" reveals how Listeria bacteria detect and
            react to stress
          o "Pasteur": a new biography by Michel Morange
          o "Pasteur, the experimenter" - the must-see exhibition!
          o "Pasteur, the microbe legacy" lecture cycle
          o 130 years ago, the Institut Pasteur opened its doors for
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            are also capable of transmitting the virus
          o 2018 Activity Report for the Pasteur Microbes and Health
            Carnot Institute
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          o 2022: the bicentenary of Louis Pasteur's birth
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            funded by NIH at the Institut Pasteur in Paris
          o A Graduate School for emerging infectious diseases
          o A New Drug Target against Malaria
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          o A bacterium produces a contact-dependent antibiotic
            molecule
          o A biological interface for prostheses: the futuristic
            project of the 2018 Pasteur iGEM team
          o A breakthrough in understanding the innate immune
            response activated by dengue and Zika viruses
          o A comprehensive analysis of midbodies, bridges between
            dividing cells
          o A debate on sepsis at the Institut Pasteur
          o A fast likelihood method to reconstruct and visualize
            ancestral scenarios
          o A feedback on 10 months of mobilization of the Institut
            Pasteur against covid-19
          o A high level international conference on microbes and
            vectors resistance
          o A link between the microbiota and the severity of
            tuberculosis
          o A microbial virus from extreme environments opens doors
            to new therapeutical strategies
          o A modular gene enhancer plays a role in leukemia
          o A new 800 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance instrument at
            the Institut Pasteur
          o A new Listeria species from Costa Rica identified
          o A new approach for deciphering complex immune responses
          o A new biochemical pathway implicated in the proliferation
            of cancer cells
          o A new biotechnology tool to tackle antibiotic resistance
          o A new breakthrough in limb development
          o A new call for students by the PPU International doctoral
            program 
          o A new mathematical approach to measure the reliability of
            phylogenetic trees in the big data era
          o A new mechanism used by group B Streptococcus to evade
            the host immune system
          o A new method for identifying and typing Shigella strains
          o A new method for identifying differences between
            bacterial strains from the same environment
          o A new signaling pathway in the proliferation of cardiac
            cells
          o A new stem cell model to study sex determination in
            humans
          o A new step in understanding the mechanisms that control
            cilia length
          o A research ethics committee at the Institut Pasteur since
            2009
          o A sentinel for health monitoring #podcast
          o A series of events to mark the bicentenary of Louis
            Pasteur's birth
          o A snapshot of 2021's highlights
          o A strategy for attenuating a virus by modifying its
            evolutionary potential
          o A theory to link genes with social awareness
          o A tobacco-dependence gene responsible for alcohol
            dependence
          o A vaccine candidate based on glycochemistry targets
            shigellosis: promising Phase 1 results
          o AIDS: NK cells in the innate immune system control viral
            replication in the lymph nodes
          o ARIAweb: a server for automated NMR structure calculation
          o Acerola: beware of potential allergic reactions
          o Activation of macrophages, key agents in immune response
          o Adapt to survive: the intestinal microbiota promotes
            viral persistence
          o Admixture, an adaptation mechanism for populations
            exposed to pathogens
          o Aimee Wessel and Raphael Tomasi win the i-Lab award for
            their MultiScreen project
          o Airborne Bacterial Volatiles stimulate Fungal Growth
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            responsible for the plague
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            structure of DNA in human cells
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            Pasteur
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            resistant strains contribute to research on group A
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          o Artificial intelligence speeds up high-resolution
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          o Artificial intelligence: deep learning is blazing ahead
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            mosquito vectors
          o Autism: a virtual avatar to make precision medicine
          o Autism: how genetics influences symptoms
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            place a century ago
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            database of pathology images
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            target for antimicrobial treatments
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            essential process - molecule secretion
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            without a primer!
          o Blood test: a potential new tool for controlling
            infections
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            the front line
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            lockdown or the sum total of all dangers
          o COVID-19: Kamala Harris, Vice President of the United
            States, salutes the Institut Pasteur's response in
            tackling the pandemic
          o COVID-19: New diagnostic tool for use outside the lab,
            offering the same efficacy as a PCR test
          o COVID-19: Senlis Criminal Court convicts the author of a
            fake news video for defamation
          o COVID-19: interaction identified between SARS-CoV-2 and
            unusual RNA structures in human cells
          o COVID-19: reducing outbreak risk with repeated antigen
            screening in healthcare facilities
          o COVID-19: the latest on the epidemic situation and why
            caution is still needed
          o COVID-19: we are looking for volunteers to improve our
            understanding of immunity
          o Cancer: Alternative NHEJ, a potential target
          o Cancer: CAR T cell function scrutinized to improve
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          o Cancer: observing immune cells fighting tumors
          o Cancer: the role of substrate rigidity in tumor migration
          o Candida infections: the role of the Rme1 protein in the
            formation of chlamydospores
          o Catherine Rougeot and the discovery of a new painkiller
            molecule
          o Cell division: BST2, the common feature between viral
            infections and midbodies
          o Cellular therapy: identification of circulating human
            Innate Lymphoid Cell Precursors
          o Central nervous system infections: how group B
            streptococci cross the blood-brain barrier
          o Ceremony for the 2019 Pasteur Vallery-Radot Prize
            (awarded by the BnF)
          o Chaos in ageing skeletal muscle stem cells
          o Chikungunya spreads in and around homes with women at
            highest risk
          o Chikungunya: the specific interactions between the
            genotypes of mosquitoes and viruses have influenced Ae.
            albopictus vector competence for the virus
          o Cholera: study of the strain responsible for the
            2018-2019 epidemic in Zimbabwe
          o Christine Petit and her discoveries concerning
            early-onset hearing loss
          o Christine Petit receives the ARO Award of Merit for her
            work to elucidate the mechanisms of hearing and deafness
          o Cognition in Drosophila flies more developed than
            previously thought
          o Composition of the gut microbiota modulates the severity
            of Clostridioides difficile infection
          o Conserving microbiota to tackle antibiotic resistance
          o Contact with monkeys and apes puts populations at risk
          o Conversation: 2021, a pivotal year for the Institut
            Pasteur's future
          o Conversation: capacity building to prepare for the future
          o CoronaFISH: a new method for studying SARS-CoV-2 and
            detecting its presence in the body
          o Coronavirus: Institut Pasteur warns against false
            information circulating on social media
          o Covid-19: a study in children with hyper-inflammatory
            syndrome related to Kawasaki disease
          o Covid-19: impacts of the pandemic on the human microbiome
          o Cryptococcal meningitis: a new effective treatment with
            fewer side effects
          o Culex mosquitoes do not transmit Zika virus
          o DECIDER: artificial intelligence to improve diagnosis and
            treatment of ovarian cancer
          o DIVA: Virtual reality for complex image analysis
          o DNA viruses infiltrate 3D cellular genome organization
            and preferentially contact active chromatin
          o Daniel Iffla-Osiris, a great 19th-century philanthropist
            and the Institut Pasteur's most generous donor
          o Decades-long trends, rather than flawed vaccine, best
            explain resurgent whooping cough
          o Deciphering Hantavirus' structure
          o Deep-learning to improve super-resolution microscopy
            methods
          o Demystifying immunity in the bladder
          o Depression: the key role of neuroinflammation
          o Destroying Helicobacter pylori by disrupting synthesis of
            its cell wall!
          o Diphtheria outbreak in Yemen: an epidemiology study
          o Diphtheria: identification of a penicillin resistance
            gene
          o Discovery of a mechanism responsible for chronic
            inflammation in patients suffering from multiple
            sclerosis
          o Discovery of a restriction factor for hepatitis B virus
          o Discovery of messenger RNA in 1961
          o Discovery of new strains of the HTLV-4 virus in hunters
            bitten by gorillas in Gabon
          o Discovery of numerous potential open reading frames in
            the Cryptococcus genome
          o Discovery of the mechanism used to coordinate replication
            of the two Vibrio cholerae chromosomes
          o Distinguishing resistence from resilience to prolong
            antibiotic potency
          o Division - a key moment in establishing cell polarity
          o Drastic reduction of exposure to malaria in Senegal
          o During DNA repair, a protein regulates homology search by
            reorganizing the genome
          o EDF Group Foundation supports the Institut Pasteur and
            the DIVA project
          o ERC Starting Grants: three scientists working at the
            Institut Pasteur among the successful candidates
          o ERC grants: scientific excellence supported by Europe
          o Ebola: the answers to your questions in our disease sheet
          o Economist Jim O'Neill, and other experts, discuss
            Antimicrobial Resistance at the Institut Pasteur
          o Effect of the seasons on pneumococcal infections
          o Efficacy of cancer treatment: two bacteria in the
            microbiota identified
          o Elucidation of the inhibition mechanism of calmodulin, a
            protein that is essential for life
          o Embryonic development - the role of Nodal in establishing
            cardiac asymmetry
          o Emerging diseases and Covid-19 #Podcast
          o Epidemic, pandemic... Infodemic: the other health
            emergency
          o Epigenetic effects of immunity and aging quantified
          o Esrrb transcription factor plays a key role in
            maintaining stem cell identity even after countless
            divisions
          o Establishment of the Hearing Institute, a new Institut
            Pasteur center: scientific experts within the field of
            hearing brought together for a high-level international
            meeting
          o Exhibition in honor of Jules Bordet at the Universite
            libre de Bruxelles
          o Exhibition: the amazing achievements of "Pasteur, the
            experimenter"!
          o Existing drugs can prevent SARS-CoV-2 from hijacking
            cells
          o Explanation and advice following the case of rabies in
            France
          o Exposure of Anopheles mosquitoes to trypanosomes reduces
            reproductive fitness and enhances susceptibility to
            Plasmodium
          o Extravascular dermal trypanosomes in suspected and
            confirmed cases of Human African Trypanosomiasis
          o Fake news: the author of a misleading video sentenced for
            of public defamation
          o Fighting Cancer #podcast
          o First statement from the Pasteur International Network
            association to the World Health Assembly
          o First stone laid for the Institut Pasteur in Guinea 
          o Following maternal transmission, group B strep mutates to
            sicken infants
          o Fondation IPSEN supports new MOOCs at the Institut
            Pasteur
          o Foreign travel - a tonic for the health?
          o Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and her research on the HIV-1
            virus
          o Francoise Barre-Sinoussi elected as a member of the US
            National Academy of Medicine
          o French Prime Minister Jean Castex salutes the Institut
            Pasteur's expertise on emerging infectious diseases
          o From bacterial poisons to toxins: the early work of the
            Pasteurians
          o Frederic Tangy, expert from the Institut Pasteur, talks
            about vaccines of today and tomorrow
          o GABAA receptors undergo asymmetric motions
          o Gene therapy: Cas9 generates unexpected deletions
          o Genetic cause of difference in sexual development
            uncovered
          o Genomics study in Africa: demographic history and
            deleterious mutations
          o Genuage: virtual reality supporting super-resolution
            microscopy
          o Glial cell cancer: proteins identified in cell migration
          o Glioblastoma : Tunelling nanotubles could be a new
            therapeutic target
          o Gut contractions facilitate the action of two pathogens
          o Gut microbiota: surprising interactions between
            pathogenic and commensal bacteria
          o HIV-1: revealed during the nuclear entry step. Direct
            visualization in living cells using "HIV-1 ANCHOR"
            technology
          o HIV: one stage in replication may occur in macrophage
            nuclei
          o Have I seen this before? Exploring the formation of
            distinct memories
          o Health and environment: Institut Pasteur and AFD commit
            to a new program
          o Hepatitis B may infect twice more African babies than HIV
          o Hepatitis B: natural controllers shed light on immunity
            mechanisms
          o Hepatitis B: new guidelines for treating HBV-positive
            pregnant women
          o High-level microscopy unveils bacteria's adaptation
            mechanisms
          o Hospital-acquired infections: a key molecule that helps
            Clostridium difficile adapt to the gut environment
          o How Chlamydia trachomatis hijacks energy stores from its
            host
          o How Helicobacter pylori survives gastric acidity
          o How Listeria monocytogenes blocks intestinal villus
            invasion
          o How does Legionella pneumophila, the bacterium causing
            legionellosis, use the host cell machinery to its own
            advantage?
          o How does hearing work?
          o How does the Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus enter the cell?
            A new understanding
          o How dying cells regulate immunity
          o How human pathogens may emerge from the environment
          o How investigating the population biology of Listeria is
            ushering in a new era in listeriosis surveillance 
          o How is the embryonic thymus microenvironment shaped ?
          o How the influenza virus achieves efficient viral RNA
            replication
          o How 'death' molecules squeeze the cells out of our
            tissues
          o Human contact plays big role in spread of some hospital
            infections, but not others
          o Human genome: multiple new variants detected
          o ILC3s: "gatekeeper" cells for intestinal immunity
          o Icypro, an advanced bioimage analysis platform for health
            technology professionals
          o Identification of a new bacterial defense system against
            phages
          o IgG antibodies activate blood platelets and contribute to
            the severity of anaphylaxis
          o Immature heart cells persist in the adult heart and react
            to infarction
          o Immune cells fighting blood cancer visualized for the
            first time
          o Importance of cohesin to yeasts' 3D chromosome structure
          o Improving bacterial strain classification for more
            effective surveillance
          o In France, Aedes albopictus better transmits the African
            "Zika" than the Asian one
          o In the Pasteur library with Herve Di Rosa
          o Inauguration of the Hearing Institute, an Institut
            Pasteur center
          o Infant nutrition: an overly rich diet may increase
            susceptibility to inflammatory diseases
          o Infravec2 new insect vector research tools: no-cost
            resources for scientists fighting mosquito-transmitted
            diseases
          o Innate immune responses - redefining how innate lymphoid
            cells develop
          o Innovative genomic data analysis method leads to the
            discovery of novel coronavirus families
          o Insect vectors: a mosquito capable of limiting viral
            infection
          o Insecticide resistance genes affect vector competence for
            West Nile virus
          o Institut Pasteur at the 2022 Utopiales international
            science fiction festival in Nantes
          o Institut Pasteur in Guinea: One Health training to
            strengthen local expertise
          o Institut Pasteur institutional campaign: a strong message
            to encourage support for research
          o Institut Pasteur part of an international network for the
            development of new antimicrobials
          o Institut Pasteur scientist Melanie Hamon wins the 15th
            Georges, Jacques and Elias Canetti Prize
          o Institut Pasteur scientists during the Great War
          o Institut Pasteur team identifies a key protein linked to
            ageing
          o International Women's Day 2019
          o Interview with Prof. Jean-Francois Delfraissy about
            French National Bioethics Consultation, a forum for the
            public and the research community
          o Interview: INRAE and the Institut Pasteur strengthen
            their collaboration
          o Intraneural stem cells : How they are maintained at
            long-term
          o Iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis: a much earlier origin
            than previously thought
          o Just the two of us: Holding hands can ease pain, sync
            brainwaves
          o Key cellular factors for chikungunya virus replication
            identified
          o Lassa fever: vaccine set to be trialed
          o Launch of the recruitment process for the Director of the
            Institut Pasteur
          o Leishmaniasis: epigenetic mechanisms implicated in
            infection
          o Leptospirosis: elucidation of a new gene regulation
            mechanism based on DNA modification
          o Listeriosis: food type determines Listeria monocytogenes
            virulence
          o Liver cancer: the Peruvian exception
          o Long-awaited determination of the 3D structure of a human
            transporter
          o Low competence of Aedes mosquitoes for Zika virus
            transmission
          o LuLISA project, bioluminescence as a tool for human
            diagnostics, from allergy to Covid19
          o Lyme disease - chipmunks may affect tick infection but
            the risk of transmission is more complex
          o Lyme disease: a study on the speed of transmission by
            infected ticks
          o L'histoire evolutive des Latino-Americains retracee
          o Malaria: Efficacy of a new treatment for Plasmodium vivax
          o Malaria: blood stage of the parasite recreated in vivo to
            help tackle the disease
          o Malaria: parasite resistance to artemisinin now found in
            Africa
          o Mapping antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli
          o Mechanism of activation of a major toxin involved in
            whooping cough
          o Meningitis: analysis of the long-term protection of the
            MenAfriVac vaccine
          o Meningococcal infection: bacterial aggregates form a
            thick honey-like liquid that flows through blood vessels
          o Meningococci: an example of genomics used as an
            epidemiological tool
          o Meningococcus and COVID-19: fewer cases of meningitis but
            higher incidence of pneumonia observed during the
            lockdown in early 2020
          o Microbiota and solid food introduction: interview with
            Gerard Eberl
          o Mitochondrial diseases: a new screening leads to insight
            on the effect of various genes on DOA
          o Mitochondrial diseases: discovery of the role of a
            molecule essential to cardiac function
          o Modeling to monitor and anticipate the Zika outbreak in
            Martinique
          o Modeling: understanding how SARS-CoV-2 variants are
            selected
          o Modified aptamers allow recognition of malaria parasites
          o Monkeypox in Central African Republic: genomic history
            suggests multiple introductions from rainforest animal
            reservoirs
          o Monkeypox: the epidemic potential will continue
            increasing, with diminishing herd immunity against
            viruses responsible for smallpox
          o Monnaie de Paris launches a Louis Pasteur commemorative
            coin
          o MosKeyTool: a free and interactive tool to identify
            mosquitoes of the Euro-Mediterranean region
          o Mosquitoes and viruses by Sarah Merkling
          o Multiscale structure of the Escherichia coli genome
          o Mystery of the Cape Verde Zika outbreak solved
          o Natural molecules to stimulate human antimicrobial
            defenses
          o Neurobiologist Jean-Pierre Changeux tells us the story of
            the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
          o Neurodegenerative diseases: recycling mechanisms open up
            new avenues for therapy
          o Neurodevelopmental disorders: a daily practical guide by
            InovAND to help families deal with the difficulties of
            lockdown
          o Neurological impact of the Zika virus finally exposed
          o New Fellowships have been announced to enhance the next
            generation of global health leaders
          o New insight into body's response to killer fungus
          o New insights into the adaptation mechanisms of Leishmania
            parasites
          o New progress on the genetic factors involved in dyslexia
          o Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): what we know about the
            disease
          o Novel neurotropic arbovirus identified in France: the
            Umbre virus
          o Official release of the stamp issued by La Poste with the
            effigy of Louis Pasteur
          o Official signing of the association agreement between the
            Institut Pasteur and Universite de Paris
          o Olivier Gascuel: Inria - French Academie des sciences
            Grand Prize
          o Omics: Biology in the digital age at the Institut Pasteur
          o Our own RNA triggers an immune response to viral
            infections
          o Parkinson's: new discoveries about nanotubes,
            transporters of toxic proteins
          o Parkinson's disease: how lysosomes become a hub for the
            propagation of the pathology
          o Pasteur iGEM 2019: simplified diagnosis of bacterial
            infections
          o Pasteur's Nephew - Or the Adventurous Life of Adrien
            Loir, Scholar and Globe-Trotter
          o Pasteurdon 2019: Graffitti artists meet scientists and
            create stunning lab coats
          o Phage therapy effective in Crohn's disease
          o Phagotherapy: a support for the work on bacteriophages of
            a Franco-American team (Institut Pasteur and Georgia
            Tech)
          o Phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2: strengths,
            limitations and over-interpretations
          o Piecing together past epidemics by studying the human
            genome
          o Plague outbreak: advice for travelers to Madagascar
          o Pneumococcal infections: KDM6B, a key epigenetic
            regulator in the cellular response
          o Presbycusis: ultra-rare genetic mutations responsible for
            a quarter of cases occurring around the age of 50
          o Progress in the understanding of the mechanisms of
            genetic diversification in a major fungal pathogen of
            humans, Candida albicans
          o Proof-of-concept study reveals feasibility of eliminating
            rabies in Africa
          o Quantitative biological image analysis and cell motility
          o Quiescent cells also mutate!
          o Rabies in Cambodia
          o Rabies: new prophylactic and therapeutic avenues
          o Rare case of death following infection by a bat-borne
            virus related to rabies
          o Regulation of metabolic pathways: lessons from an
            intracellular bacterium
          o Regulation of muscle stem cells in their niche: juggling
            external and internal cues
          o Report on the 2018 Pasteur Vallery-Radot Prize
          o Reseau Bacteriophages France receives the Francois Sommer
            Foundation scientific prize
          o S3ODEON 2019 - Institut Pasteur partner to an event
            linking science and society
          o SODA, a new analysis tool for fluorescence imaging
          o Severe inflammation: clues towards a therapeutic approach
            using immune memory
          o Sex-based differences influence chronicity in urinary
            tract infections
          o Shedding light on almost indestructible archaeal pili
          o Shedding light on the burden of dengue in Bangladesh
          o Sign up for the upcoming Institut Pasteur MOOCs
          o Sleeping sickness: one step further in improving
            diagnosis
          o Small intestine regulates immune surveillance of
            colorectal cancer during chemotherapy treatment
          o Staphylococcus aureus: a new mechanism involved in
            virulence and antibiotic resistance
          o Study reveals conditions for the onset of severe forms of
            COVID-19
          o Studying synaptic protein assemblies helps us understand
            the nature of communication between neurons
          o Success of the 2019 Z Event in aid of the Institut
            Pasteur
          o Summer University dedicated to the creation of life
            sciences company
          o Support for government policy for the prevention of
            infectious diseases
          o Table salt to diagnose malaria 
          o Tackling fungal infections more effectively through
            surveillance
          o Ten years ago, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc
            Montagnier won the Nobel Prize in Medicine
          o Thank you, Simone Veil!
          o The 2016 Pasteur Vallery-Radot Prize
          o The 2017 Pasteur iGEM team - a purifying and recycling
            device
          o The 2018 Institut Pasteur Annual Report is available
          o The 2021 Pasteur Vallery-Radot Prize (awarded by the
            National Library of France - BnF)
          o The BTP PLUS Foundation is funding a research project to
            fight asbestos cancer
          o The Ebola virus adapted to better infect humans during
            the 2013-2016 epidemic
          o The French Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology
            pays a visit to the Institut Pasteur
          o The ISG15 protein plays a key role in fighting bacterial
            infections
          o The Institut Pasteur adopts a Charter for Open Access to
            Scientific Publications
          o The Institut Pasteur adopts a new data management and
            sharing policy
          o The Institut Pasteur and the Institut Curie sign a new
            strategic agreement that holds great potential for French
            research
          o The Institut Pasteur in Cote d'Ivoire diagnoses a dengue
            epidemic in Abidjan
          o The Institut Pasteur wishes you a Happy New Year 2022
          o The Institut Pasteur wishes you a happy New Year
          o The Institut Pasteur wishes you a happy new year 2020
          o The Institut Pasteur wishes you all the best for 2021
          o The Institut Pasteur: a leader in the fight against
            antibiotic resistance
          o The Musee Pasteur featured in book of Parisian hidden
            gems
          o The Zika virus modifies the morphology of the cells and
            makes them implode
          o The bacterium causing legionellosis modifies the
            electrochemical potential of host mitochondria to better
            replicate
          o The book "Institut Pasteur: Today's Research, Tomorrow's
            Medicine" available in US bookstores
          o The brain, this great unknown #podcast
          o The cooperativity mecanisms between DNA polymerase D and
            PCNA deciphered
          o The documentary Unseen Enemy in streaming on ARTE.TV
          o The factors that most affect our immune system
          o The first "3D" metagenomics experiment on a complex
            natural microbiome
          o The first case of prolonged remission in an HIV-infected
            child - an interview with Asier Saez-Cirion
          o The hidden population of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella
            bacteria colonizing the human digestive tract
          o The issues of epidemiology with Arnaud Fontanet
          o The long history of medical entomology
          o The molecular crossbow: a vital weapon in the bacterial
            arsenal
          o The organization of mesenchymal stromal cells elucidated
          o The replay of the conference "COVID-19, Advances and
            Remaining Challenges" is available
          o The shape of the heart as explained by Audrey Desgrange
          o The structure and assembly of the Enterohemorrhagic
            Escherichia coli type 4 pilus deciphered
          o The tiger mosquito returns to France: 51 departements on
            red alert
          o The web meets genomics: a DNA search engine for microbes
          o Third type of membrane envelope in a hyperthermophilic
            virus
          o This week, France Culture's flagship documentary series
            explores the life and work of Louis Pasteur
          o Tiger mosquito in France: 58 departements on red alert
          o Tiger mosquito in France: 64 departements on red alert
          o Tiger mosquitoes: heightened surveillance in France, from
            May to November 2018
          o Titan Krios (TM): inauguration of the world's most
            powerful microscope at the Institut Pasteur
          o Towards a more complete picture of Listeria reservoirs
            and global spread
          o Transgenerational sterility caused by heritable small
            RNAs
          o Tribute to the Institut Pasteur in Genes & Immunity
          o Tumor cells eliminating their neighbors using a newly
            discovered mechanism
          o Tunneling nanotubes between neurons enable the spread of
            Parkinson's disease via lysosomes
          o Two major types of rabies that evolved in different ways
          o Ukrainian scientists: offer to join a host laboratory at
            the Institut Pasteur in Paris
          o Understanding how the whooping cough bacterium has
            evolved in response to vaccination
          o Understanding resistance in HIV controller patients: how
            their antiviral CD4+ T cells are protected from infection
          o Understanding the transmission of antibiotic resistance
            in Staphylococcus aureus
          o Unmasking an ancestral mechanism of integrons -- key
            players in antibiotic resistance
          o Unseen Enemy, a film about our vulnerability to global
            epidemics
          o Urinary tract infections: the mechanisms behind the lack
            of immune memory in many patients
          o Use of bacteriophages for preventing the most common
            foodborne infection, salmonellosis
          o Use of the maladiecoronavirus.fr web application during
            the first wave helped reduce call volumes to the French
            medical emergency number
          o Usher syndrome type III: cochlear gene therapy preserves
            hair cell synaptic transmission to the auditory neurons
          o Using medicinal chemistry to improve diagnostic methods
          o Viral sequence integrated in mosquito genome controls
            infection by related virus
          o Virtual reality effective in preoperative planning for
            breast cancer surgery
          o Virtual reality helps explore how the brain initiates
            movements
          o What is long COVID ?
          o What is the "tiger mosquito" (Aedes albopictus)?
          o When Listeria attacks the intestinal microbiota
          o When the structure of Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs)
            challenges the very concept of cell
          o Whooping cough: elucidation of a critical stage in the
            action of the CyaA toxin
          o Whooping cough: light shed on the entry mechanism of a
            key Bordetella pertussis virulence factor
          o Why some patients develop resistance to new class of
            anti-cancer drugs
          o Why vaccines are essential
          o World Tuberculosis Day: ERA4TB accelerating the
            development of new treatment regimens
          o World Water Day: several water-related diseases still
            exist
          o Yellow fever: risk of virus transmission in the
            Asia-Pacific region
          o Yellow fever: understanding the rare side effects of
            vaccines
          o Yellow fever: using modeling to optimize the use of
            vaccine stocks
          o Yersinia - a novel genomic tool for identifying strains
          o ZIKAlliance project: Zika vector competence data reveals
            risks of outbreaks
          o Zika outbreaks fostered by virus-permissive mosquitoes
          o Zika: two indigenous cases for the first time in mainland
            France
          o i-Lab 2020 competition: two winners from the Institut
            Pasteur, one awarded a Grand Prix
      + Events
          o "The Incredible Story of The Bacteria Killers" on
            November 2, on Arte
          o A bicentenary tribute to Louis Pasteur, Foreign Member of
            the Royal Society
          o Colloquium "Epidemics, pandemics: a never-ending story?"
          o Colloquium for the centenary of Alphonse Laveran's death
          o Conference College de France : Comment s'arretent les
            pandemies ?
          o Congratulations are in order for the Pasteur iGEM 2016
            team!
          o Covid-19, cancers, antibiotic resistance: meet the
            researchers of the Institut Pasteur
          o International conference "COVID-19, Advances and
            Remaining Challenges"
          o Symposium - Centenary of Jules Bordet's Nobel Prize
          o Utopiales international science fiction festival
      + Portraits
          o 3D research according to Albane Imbert, an engineer at
            the Institut Pasteur
          o An Epidemiologist Faces Ebola in The Democratic Republic
            of the Congo
          o Anna-Bella Failloux, an all-terrain entomologist!
          o Diego Cordero Cervantes, globe-trotting researcher
          o Fabrice Chretien, from stethoscope to microscope
          o Fani Koukouli: A young researcher's odyssey to the inner
            depths of the brain
          o For Asier Saez-Cirion, research is an incurable passion
          o Humans, animals and their environment, an investigation
            by Victor Narat
          o Jean-Claude Manuguerra: viruses, animals and humans
          o Jean-Philippe Chippaux - bitten by the snake bug
          o Lhousseine Touqui, helping some thanks to others
          o Lida Katsimpardi - on the hunt for an elixir of youth
          o Lluis Quintana-Murci: discovering the world and humankind
          o Melodie Duval : les bacteries ont de l'avenir
          o Nicolas Michalski, an engineer tackling auditory
            neuroscience
          o Pierre-Marie Lledo: a neuro-optimist in work and in life
          o Sandrine Etienne-Manneville: a strong-minded woman
            tackling brain cancer head on
          o Sara and Parisa Khalilian: twin theses
          o Thomas Gregor - Following a passion through countries and
            disciplines
          o Tracking down biomarkers with Eliette Touati
      + Reportages
          o A team tackling the mysteries of the microbiota, the
            brain and the immune system
          o Photonic BioImaging - high-resolution microscopy in the
            era of artificial intelligence
      + Videos
          o COVID-19 : What we have learnt as of 20 February 2020
      + Press documents
          o 13th edition of Pasteurdon: combating infectious diseases
            and cancer
          o A blood factor involved in weight loss and aging
          o COVID-19: mathematical model indicates that between 3%
            and 7% of French people have been infected
          o COVID-19: progress update on the Institut Pasteur's
            scientific response and vaccine candidate research
            programs
          o International inaugural congress of the Hearing Institute
          o Leishmania : a parasite that adapts to its environment by
            chromosomal amplification
          o Revealing how SARS-CoV-2 hijacks human cells; points to
            drugs with potential to fight COVID-19 and a drug that
            aids its infectious growth
          o The migration history of Bantu-speaking people: genomics
            reveals the benefits of admixture and sheds new light on
            slave trade
  * Press area
      + Press documents
          o A new approach for improving BCG
          o A new bacteria-killing weapon in the fight against
            antibiotic resistance
          o A new breakthrough in developing effective antimalarial
            drugs
          o A novel antibiotic resistance mechanism
          o A preclinical study shows that hydroxychloroquine has no
            antiviral effect on SARS-CoV-2 in vivo
          o A protective extracellular matrix underpins HIV
            infectivity
          o A switch telling the brain when to learn and when to
            remember
          o AIDS research at the Institut Pasteur
          o AIDS - an approach for targeting HIV reservoirs
          o AIDS: Furthering Knowledge of Natural HIV Infection
            Control Mechanisms
          o ART Plus Combination Immunotherapy Expands Natural Killer
            Cells That Facilitate Control of HIV
          o Achilles' heel for reseeding of the viral reservoir after
            stem cell transplantation in people with HIV
          o Allergies: cross-reactivity between cypress pollen and
            peaches/citrus fruits finally explained
          o Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells: work highlights the
            major changes in the human metabolome * in the graft
            against the host
          o An Asthma Vaccine Effective in Mice
          o Anaphylactic shock: IgG antibodies and neutrophils play
            an unexpected role
          o Anne Dejean-Assemat receives the Sjoberg Prize 2018
          o Anne-Lise Mamessier Giraud appointed Director of the
            Hearing Institute, an Institut Pasteur Center
          o Announcement of the 2018 ALBERT EINSTEIN World Award of
            Science
          o Antibiotic resistance: a surprising timeline
          o Benefits of early antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected
            children
          o Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute and the
            Institut Pasteur to Develop a Novel Vaccine Against
            Shigella
          o Bruno Hoen appointed as Medical Research Director for the
            Institut Pasteur
          o CEPI collaborates with the Institut Pasteur in a
            consortium to develop Covid-19 vaccine
          o CHow SARS-CoV-2 communicates with human cells: mapping
            molecular contacts
          o COVID-19 PATIENTS IN ICUs: STUDY REVEALS AN INCREASED
            RISK OF INVASIVE FUNGAL SECONDARY INFECTIONS
          o COVID-19 in primary schools: no significant transmission
            among children or from students to teachers
          o COVID-19 - Omicron: resistant to most monoclonal
            antibodies but neutralized by a booster dose
          o COVID-19 - an intranasal lentiviral vaccine in
            development provides significant protection in animals
          o COVID-19, one year on: persistence of protective
            antibodies and significantly reduced risk of reinfection
          o COVID-19: Identification of broadly SARS-CoV-2
            neutralizing monoclonal antibodies
          o COVID-19: Will telecommuting strategies stop the virus
            from circulating?
          o COVID-19: analysis of the sensitivity of the Delta
            variant to monoclonal antibodies and sera from
            convalescent and vaccinated individuals
          o COVID-19: analysis of the sensitivity of the UK (B.1.1.7)
            and South African (B.1.351) variants to SARS-CoV-2
            neutralizing antibodies
          o COVID-19: discovery of the mechanisms of short- and
            long-term anosmia
          o COVID-19: neutralizing immune response lasts longer in
            women than in men
          o COVID-19: no cross-protective immunity conferred by other
            coronaviruses in children
          o COVID-19: optimizing surveillance in long-term care
            facilities
          o COVID-19: the vast majority of patients with a minor form
            develop neutralizing antibodies
          o Cancer under pressure: visualizing the activity of the
            immune system on tumor development
          o Cells undergoing cell death protect their neighbors to
            maintain tissue integrity
          o Cervical cancer: New test enhances ability to predict
            risk
          o Cholera outbreak in Yemen elucidated using genomics
          o Cholera: understanding the link between the world's major
            outbreaks paves the way to a better control strategy
          o Christine Petit co-recipient of the 2021 Gruber
            Neuroscience Prize
          o Christophe d'Enfert appointed as Scientific Director of
            the Institut Pasteur
          o Chronic malnutrition in children: a new gut microbial
            signature
          o Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a genetic mutation
            confirmed as predisposing factor
          o Cocaine addiction: impact of genetic mutations elucidated
          o Colon cancer: how mutation of the APC gene disrupts
            lymphocyte migration
          o ComCor study on places of infection with SARS-CoV-2:
            where are French people catching the virus?
          o ComCor study: analysis of the effectiveness of messenger
            RNA vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Beta
            variants in France
          o ComCor study: new results on places of infection with
            SARS-CoV-2 and analysis of the efficacy of messenger RNA
            vaccines against the Delta variant
          o ComCor: Study examining the sociodemographic, behavioral
            and practical factors associated with SARS-CoV-2
            infection
          o Comment: The tortuous path to ending the Covid-19
            pandemic
          o Computerised biology, or how to control a population of
            cells with a computer
          o Covid-19: 20 research projects selected to fight the
            epidemic
          o Covid-19: Keeping schools as safe as possible
          o Covid-19: Systematic review of the clinical and
            immunological efficacy of vaccines in immunocompromised
            people
          o Covid-19: study on the effectiveness of immune memory
            after mRNA vaccination to recognize variants of
            SARS-CoV-2
          o Creation of the Alliance Pasteur Merieux International
          o Cryptococcal meningitis: validation of new therapeutic
            regimens
          o Death of Professor Francois Gros, on February 18, 2022
          o Death of Professor Luc Montagnier on February 8, 2022
          o Decoding a direct dialog between the gut microbiota and
            the brain
          o Dengue: discovery of a new indicator for predicting
            disease severity
          o Dengue: investigating antibodies to identify at-risk
            individuals
          o Dengue: understanding the mechanisms that prevent the
            development of symptoms following infection
          o Development and evaluation of four serological assays to
            detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and two assays to detect
            neutralizing antibodies
          o Development of an ensemble model to anticipate short-term
            COVID-19 hospital demand
          o Discovery of a crucial immune reaction when solid food is
            introduced that prevents inflammatory disorders
          o Discovery of a new ribosomopathy in humans that results
            in a lack of testis-determination or testicular
            regression
          o Discovery of an immune escape mechanism promoting
            Listeria infection of the central nervous system
          o Discovery of an innate immunological memory in the
            intestine
          o Drug repurposing to counter COVID-19: antiviral activity
            may be induced by phospholipidosis
          o Dysentery: Shigella, bacteria with adaptation to
            respiration
          o Editorial: Facing challenges with the novel coronavirus
            SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
          o Editorial: How can we reach a level of herd immunity that
            will protect us from COVID-19 ?
          o Emerging diseases: a highly mutant strain of the
            Elizabethkingia bacterium caused an outbreak in Wisconsin
          o Estimating the effect of genetic mutations on
            neurodevelopmental disorders more accurately
          o First Subject Enrolled in Phase I Clinical Trial of its
            non-opioid analgesic STR-324
          o Five Institut Pasteur scientists receive 2017
            L'Oreal-UNESCO "For Women in Science" Fellowships
          o Francois Romaneix appointed Senior Executive
            Vice-President Administration and Finance of the Institut
            Pasteur
          o GENETIC CONTROL OF HUMAN THYMIC FUNCTION : A NEEDLE IN AN
            HAYSTACK
          o Gastric cancer susceptibility marker discovered
          o Gastric cancer: a new strategy used by Helicobacter
            pylori to target mitochondria
          o Gene therapy durably reverses congenital deafness in mice
          o Gene therapy: first results in children with Sanfilippo B
            syndrome
          o Genes play a role in empathy
          o Genetic admixture in the South Pacific: from Denisovans
            to the human immune response
          o Genetics makes Asians and Europeans susceptible to severe
            dengue
          o Genetics: Biosynthesis pathway of a new DNA nucleobase
            elucidated
          o Gut microbiota imbalance promotes the onset of colorectal
            cancer
          o Gut microbiota of mosquito larvae has an impact on adult
            insect's ability to transmit human pathogens
          o Gut microbiota plays a role in brain function and mood
            regulation
          o HIV: The Antibodies of "Post-treatment Controllers"
          o HIV: bestowing CD8+ T cells with properties observed in
            natural controllers
          o HIV: reprogramming cells to control infection
          o HKU to Collaborate on Biomedical Innovation with the
            Institut Pasteur and Hong Kong Science and Technology
            Parks Corporation
          o Heat islands and lack of running water promote dengue
            fever in Delhi, India
          o Hepatitis C: a novel point-of-care assay
          o Hepatitis: 3D structure determination of the 'gateway' to
            the liver
          o Hereditary hearing loss: the ear and auditory brain are
            both affected
          o High-risk pregnancy: the interferon effect
          o How Zika virus induces congenital microcephaly
          o How bacteria evade bacteriophages in vivo
          o How bacteria invade us - Pascale Cossart honoured with
            2018 Heinrich Wieland Prize
          o How nicotine acts on the brains of schizophrenic patients
          o How to improve the care of childhood encephalitis in
            South-East Asia
          o Identification of a novel therapeutic target in Multiple
            Myeloma
          o Immune checkpoint inhibitors improve cellular immunity
            against SARS-CoV-2
          o Improving immunotherapies for blood cancers: real-time
            exploration in the tumor
          o In-Cell-Art, the Institut Pasteur and BioNet-Asia
            announce the collaborative development of a dengue
            vaccine candidate
          o Infravec2 project launch: A European Commission 10MEUR
            effort to fight mosquito-transmitted diseases
          o Innate immunity and fusion of cells infected with
            SARS-CoV-2
          o Institut Pasteur Welcomes New, Comprehensive Relationship
            With UCSF QBI
          o Institut Pasteur and MSDAVENIR sign a partnership to
            improve strategies for controlling the spread of
            vector-borne viral diseases like Zika
          o Institut Pasteur isolates strains of coronavirus
            2019-nCoV detected in France
          o Institut Pasteur sequences the whole genome of the
            coronavirus, 2019-nCoV
          o Introduction and initial circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in
            France
          o Legionellosis: a novel mechanism by which the bacterium
            Legionella pneumophila regulates the immune response of
            its host cells
          o Light shed on SARS-CoV-2 replication in bat cells
          o Light shed on the coordination of neural stem cell
            activation
          o Link between a virus and sexual reproduction on Earth
          o MV-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate: a new partnership
            between Institut Pasteur, CEPI, Themis and MSD
          o Malaria: a genetic marker helps identify super-spreading
            mosquitoes
          o Malaria: parasite resistance to artemisinin derivatives
            now affecting Africa
          o Meningococcal meningitis: stomach pain should be seen as
            a warning sign
          o Meningref trial shows better protection against
            meningococcal infection in hematopoietic stem cell
            transplant recipients
          o Message from the Chairman of the Institut Pasteur Board
            of Directors
          o Microbiota: gut geography influences interactions between
            bacteria and their viruses
          o Modelling has evaluated the role of antiviral treatment
            and vaccination in exiting the Zero-COVID strategy in
            Wallis and Futuna
          o Modelling study of benefits and risks associated with the
            COVID-19 vaccine Vaxzevria
          o Neonatal meningitis: the immaturity of microbiota and
            epithelial barriers implicated
          o New anti-HIV antibody function discovered: tethering of
            viral particles at the surface of cells
          o New light shed on spread of resistance to carbapenems in
            Escherichia coli
          o New neurons in the adult brain are involved in sensory
            learning
          o New research suggests earlier emergence of malaria in
            Africa
          o New therapeutic prospect for preeclampsia
          o Nipah outbreaks in Bangladesh: age and breathing
            difficulties of infected patients increase the risk of
            disease spread
          o Number of Covid-19 deaths in the under-65s: a more
            reliable indicator for assessing infection rates in
            populations
          o Olivier Schwartz appointed as Scientific Director of the
            Institut Pasteur
          o Operation and reliability of RT-PCR tests in the
            detection of SARS-CoV-2
          o Phage Therapy: A Model to Predict Its Efficacy against
            Pathogenic Bacteria
          o Phage therapy: synergy between bacteriophages and the
            immune system is essential
          o Pierre Buffet appointed as Medical Director of the
            Institut Pasteur
          o Pierre-Marie Girard appointed as the Institut Pasteur's
            Vice-President International Affairs
          o Professor Christine Petit receives the 2018 Kavli Prize
          o Professor Stewart Cole appointed Institut Pasteur
            President for a further two-year term
          o Professor Stewart Cole appointed President of the
            Institut Pasteur
          o Rethinking the rabies vaccine
          o Rift Valley fever virus: an infection mechanism
            identified
          o Right/left: the heart of the matter
          o SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta and Delta variants display
            enhanced viral fusion properties compared to ancestral
            strains
          o SARS-CoV-2 damages ciliated cells and inhibits
            mucociliary clearance in the airways
          o SARS-CoV-2 hijacks nanotubes between neurons to infect
            them
          o SARS-CoV-2 variants of interest can infect mice: host
            range extended
          o SARS-CoV-2-related viruses capable of infecting human
            cells discovered in bats in northern Laos
          o SARS-CoV-2: different immune responses observed in nasal
            mucosa and blood
          o SARS-CoV-2: infection induces antibodies capable of
            killing infected cells regardless of disease severity
          o SARS-CoV-2: neutralization of BA.1 and BA.2 by
            therapeutic monoclonal antibodies
          o Sanofi and the Institut Pasteur reward five researchers
            for their major contributions in the service of human
            health
          o Smoking cessation: a genetic mutation involved in relapse
          o SpikImm announces the clinical trials start for SPK001,
            its monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2
          o Stromal cells, maestros of the intestine
          o TEAM OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTISTS IDENTIFY COMMON
            VULNERABILITIES ACROSS SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1 AND MERS
            CORONAVIRUSES
          o The African Society of Venimology, French National
            Research Institute for Sustainable Development
            (IRD-France) and Institut Pasteur welcome WHO's Decision
            to add Snakebites to Category A of the List of Neglected
            Tropical Diseases
          o The Black Death shaped the evolution of immunity genes,
            setting the course for how we respond to autoimmune
            diseases today, researchers find
          o The Institut Pasteur stands in solidarity with Ukraine
            and its scientific community
          o The Universite de Paris - the Institut Pasteur
            Association: A world-class partnership in research and
            teaching in the field of health biology
          o The behaviour of therapeutic antibodies in immunotherapy
          o The intranasal lentiviral vaccine candidate (Lenti-S)
            protects brain and lung in a pre-clinical animal model
          o The new Institut Pasteur strategic plan for 2019-2023
          o The overall annual cost of infections due to bacterial
            resistance in French hospitals now estimated up to 290
            million Euros
          o The sea anemone, an animal that hides its complexity well
          o Titan Krios gives the Institut Pasteur a closer look at
            life
          o Towards more effective treatments for immunocompromised
            patients
          o Transplantation chemotherapy eliminates regenerative
            capacity of brain's innate immune cells
          o Type 1 Interferon deficiency: A blood based Signature for
            Detecting Patients at risk of severe Covid-19 for a
            therapeutic approach
          o Using paleogenomics to elucidate 10,000 years of immune
            system evolution
          o VIH : une piste de therapie cellulaire issue de la
            recherche sur les patients << controleurs >>
          o Virus related to SARS-CoV-2 found in bats in Cambodia
          o When Listeria monocytogenes goes to sleep....
          o When severe infection causes long-term mood disorders: A
            promising avenue to prevent mental illness following a
            transient infection
          o Why are sounds not perceived under anesthesia?
          o Why does bronchiolitis only affect infants?
          o With its new "Omics" buildings, the Institut Pasteur
            continues its digital revolution
          o Yellow fever: a new method for testing vaccine safety
          o Zika: an accurate estimation of the neurological risks in
            unborn children
          o Zika: silent long-term circulation in Thailand
      + Resources for medias
          o 2021 Annual Report - Institut Pasteur
          o The Institut Pasteur Annual reports archives
  * All SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 from the Institut Pasteur
      + Our Sars-Cov-2 research projects
      + All our COVID-19 news
      + Our Covid-19 disease fact sheet
      + Our response to fake news

  * Home
      + The Institut Pasteur
          o History
              # Alphonse Laveran (1845-1922)
              # Andre Lwoff (1902-1994)
              # Charles Nicolle (1866-1936)
              # Daniel Bovet (1907-1992)
              # Francois Jacob (1920-2013)
              # Francoise Barre-Sinoussi, born in 1947
              # Ilya Mechnikov, Elie Metchnikoff in French
                (1845-1916)
              # Jacques Monod (1910-1976)
              # Jules Bordet (1870-1961)
              # Luc Montagnier, born in 1932
              # The early years 1847-1862
              # The final years
              # The middle years 1862-1877
          o The Institut in numbers
          o Our governance
              # Ethics and Compliance Committee
              # Scientific Integrity and Conciliation Committee -
                (CISC)
          o The Institut Pasteur throughout the world
              # News International
                  @ "We have achieved some of our dreams to advance
                    science in Africa"
                  @ 6 international PhD students honored at the
                    Institut Pasteur's 2021 PhD Graduation Ceremony
                  @ A 4-year research group soon to be created in
                    China
                  @ A Global mapping of mosquitoes vectors of Zika
                    virus
                  @ A Pasteur International Joint Unit to counteract
                    the evolution of viruses
                  @ A new survival mechanism of the tubercle bacillus
                    unveiled
                  @ A project to strengthen National Ethics
                    Committees in Francophone Africa
                  @ A study of the maternal and neonatal outcomes of
                    Zika virus infection in southern Vietnam
                  @ ATUN-DIPs project: a successful transfer of
                    skills between the Institut Pasteur (Paris) and
                    the Institut Pasteur de Tunis
                  @ Aedes aegypti mosquitoes' gut microbiota is
                    environmentally determined
                  @ Agnes Buzyn, Minister of Solidarity and Health
                    visited the vectopole of the Institut Pasteur de
                    la Guyane
                  @ Anticipating and reacting quickly to outbreaks: a
                    consortium won the Galien MedStartUp award
                  @ Avian flu: Cambodian markets under heavy
                    surveillance
                  @ Can we make human plague history?
                  @ Claude Flamand : predicting epidemics with
                    satellite images
                  @ Creation of network in Social Sciences and
                    Humanities in the Pasteur Network
                  @ Dr Amy Kristine Bei to head a new 4-year research
                    group on malaria in Dakar
                  @ Dr. Didier Koumavi Ekouevi Wins the 2018
                    Dedonder-Clayton Award
                  @ Dr. Richard Njouom laureate of the
                    Dedonder-Clayton Prize 2017
                  @ ERC grants: new funding awarded in October 2022
                  @ Elisabeth Carniel appointed Director General of
                    the Pasteur Center in Cameroon
                  @ Elliot Rakotomanana, an anthropologist against
                    malnutrition in Madagascar
                  @ Five young researchers from the Institut Pasteur
                    International Network attended the 2017 PhD
                    students' ceremony
                  @ Five young researchers from the Institut Pasteur
                    International Network, at the 2018 doctoral
                    ceremony
                  @ Food contamination in Cambodia contributing to
                    the burden of antibiotic resistance
                  @ Four young researchers from the Institut Pasteur
                    International Network present at the 2019 PhD
                    Student Ceremony
                  @ Fucose, a new indicator to predict the severity
                    of dengue
                  @ Halima Mainassara: from field investigator to
                    director of CERMES in Niger
                  @ Hepatitis B: to better identify patients eligible
                    for treatment in Africa
                  @ High incidence of neonatal infections in
                    Madagascar
                  @ His Excellency Mr. Minh Chinh Pham, Prime
                    Minister of Vietnam, visits the Institut Pasteur
                    in Paris
                  @ Hong Kong's Centre for Immunology & Infection
                    combines precision medicine and public health
                  @ In remembrance of Dr Francois Rouet
                  @ In remembrance of Dr Vu Thi Que Huong
                  @ Institut Pasteur and Hamad Bin Khalifa University
                    will collaborate on training in the areas of
                    genome research , precision medecine and disease
                    prevention
                  @ Institut Pasteur de Dakar: The 4-years research
                    group Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Modeling
                    integrates the H3ABioNet pan-African network for
                    bioinformatics
                  @ International workshop in Iran to strengthen
                    surveillance and control of rabies
                  @ Low number of COVID-19 cases in Lao PTR: a
                    seroprevalence study to confirm this figure
                  @ Malaria: Plasmodium falciparum protein MSP4 is a
                    potential target for a vaccine
                  @ Mamadou Aliou Barry, a lookout against epidemics
                    in Senegal
                  @ MediLabSecure: 4 years of health security
                    improvement against vector-borne diseases in the
                    Mediterranenan and Black Sea Regions
                  @ Medical entomology for surveilling vector-borne
                    diseases explained in motion design
                  @ Meriem Ben Ali : a better diagnosis for immune
                    deficiencies in Tunisia
                  @ Monitoring and early warning: Pasteur Center in
                    Cameroon plays an active role in the response to
                    SARS-CoV-2 virus
                  @ Monkeypox: a detailed profile of the disease
                  @ Moritoshi Iwagami Wins the 2018 Robert Deschiens
                    Prize
                  @ Multicentric research has identify Leptospira
                    bacteria circulating in Uruguay
                  @ National Health Laboratory Project launched
                  @ New Pasteur-USP Scientific Platform in Brazil to
                    tackle neurological disorders with a one health
                    approach
                  @ Nine Young Researchers from the Institut Pasteur
                    International Network present at the 2020 PhD
                    Student Ceremony
                  @ Pasteur International Network Association
                    supported 3 statements at World Health Assembly
                    2018
                  @ Pasteur Network Women honored for International
                    Women's Day 2022
                  @ Pasteur Network renewed as a "Non-State actors in
                    official relations with WHO"
                  @ Pertussis : progress but lack of surveillance
                  @ Rabies: a shorter, cheaper vaccination schedule
                    following a suspected rabid dog bite
                  @ Renewal of the status of the Pasteur
                    International Network Association as a "non-State
                    actor in official relationship" with WHO
                  @ Report on the 49th Institut Pasteur International
                    Network Directors' Council in Abidjan
                  @ Report on the 52nd International Network Council
                    of Directors meeting - lessons to be drawn from
                    the COVID-19 pandemic in the International
                    Network
                  @ Researchers at the Institut Pasteur in French
                    Guiana describe the persistence of Zika virus in
                    semen
                  @ Researchers from Hong-Kong University - Pasteur
                    Research Pole and Institut Pasteur of New
                    Caledonia are winners of the "Pasteur Network
                    Talent Award" 2020.
                  @ Researchers from the Institut Pasteur in Iran and
                    French Guiana Win the 2018 "Pasteur Talent" Award
                  @ Roka village in Cambodia: a history of iatrogenic
                    HIV infection
                  @ Roman Thibeaux's joust with bacterial armor
                  @ Royal Society: looking back at the tribute to
                    Louis Pasteur in London
                  @ Six institutions members of the Institut Pasteur
                    international network engaged in an international
                    coalition against epidemics in Africa
                  @ Spencer Shorte appointed Chief Scientific Officer
                    to Institut Pasteur Korea
                  @ Strong increase in antibiotic resistance in
                    Cambodia
                  @ Successful second international medical
                    entomology course in Vientiane, Laos
                  @ Talent Awards 2021: two researchers within the
                    Pasteur Network, from the Institut Pasteur de
                    Montevideo and Sciensano awarded
                  @ The "Springboard" award for bilateral research
                    cooperation - Africa recognizes two Pasteurians
                  @ The 2019 "Prince Albert II of Monaco - Institut
                    Pasteur" Prize is awarded to Joacim Rocklov
                  @ The 49th Institut Pasteur International Network
                    Directors council will be held in Abidjan
                  @ The 53rd Directors 'meeting of Pasteur Network
                    honors young scientists
                  @ The Chinese Ambassador to France visits the
                    Institut Pasteur
                  @ The FioCruz-Pasteur-USP tripartite agreement is
                    bearing fruits
                  @ The IRD and the Institut Pasteur: renewal of the
                    collaboration agreement in benefits of the global
                    health
                  @ The Institut Pasteur International Network enters
                    the GloPID-R alliance
                  @ The Institut Pasteur International Network is
                    evolving and becoming the Pasteur Network
                  @ The Institut Pasteur International Network pays
                    tribute to Professor Ogobara Doumbo
                  @ The Institut Pasteur and Fiocruz strengthen their
                    partnership for entrepreneurship
                  @ The Institut Pasteur and the CSIR in synergy for
                    research
                  @ The Institut Pasteur de Guinee opens its first
                    laboratory in Conakry
                  @ The Institut Pasteur de Guinee: a young institute
                    in the midst of the COVID-19 crisis
                  @ The Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Caledonie
                    describes 12 new species of leptospires and pays
                    tribute to Pasteurians
                  @ The Institut Pasteur in French Guiana confirms a
                    case of yellow fever
                  @ The Institut Pasteur launches a Scientific
                    Platform in the university of Sao Paulo Research
                    and Innovation Center
                  @ The first "Pasteur International Talent" reward
                    two young scientists of the Institut Pasteur in
                    Guadeloupe and Montevideo
                  @ The medical entomology course at the Institut
                    Pasteur celebrates its 30th anniversary
                  @ The role of social sciences in the response to an
                    epidemic: the example of the COVID-19 pandemic
                  @ Three new 4-year Research Groups to be
                    established in Brazil
                  @ Three projects from the Institut Pasteur in Dakar
                    and Madagascar selected for funding by AESA's
                    Grand Challenge Africa
                  @ Twelve new species of Leptospira discovered in
                    New Caledonian soils
                  @ Unprecedented solidarity and support to accompany
                    the member institutes of the International
                    Network in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic
                  @ Vaccines: a life insurance for humankind
                  @ Viral hepatitis: the challenge of communication
                    in Africa
                  @ Wolbachia, bacteria to combat dengue
                  @ Zika virus in the Pacific : the influence of the
                    geographical context on an outbreak's emergence
              # Pasteur Network
                  @ Institut Pasteur International Network Missions
                  @ Organization of the institut pasteur
                    international network
              # International research programs
                  @ Childhood malnutrition
                  @ Hand-Foot-Mouth disease
                  @ Pertussis
                  @ Surveillance and health alerts
          o Museum
              # Collections
                  @ Documentary resource materials
              # Exhibition "From Louis to Pasteur: 1822-1895"
                  @ Download the exhibition "From Louis to Pasteur:
                    1822-1895"
          o Our commitments
              # Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Commitment
              # Gender Equality Plan
              # Neighbors Area
              # The use of animals in the Institut Pasteur's research
                programs
          o Conference Center
      + Our missions
          o Research
              # Cell Biology and Infection
              # Center for Animal Resources and Research (C2RA)
              # Center for Global Health (CGH)
              # Center for Technological Resources and Research
                (C2RT)
              # Department of Computational Biology
              # Department of Global Health
              # Developmental and Stem Cell Biology
              # Genomes and Genetics
              # Hearing Institute
              # Microbiology
              # Mycology
              # Neuroscience
              # Parasites and Insect Vectors
              # Structural Biology and Chemistry
              # The Center for Translational Science
              # The Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and
                Integrative Biology (C3BI)
              # The Department of Immunology
              # Virology
          o Education
          o Health
          o Innovation and technology transfer
          o Strategic plan for 2019-2023
              # A favorable technological environment
              # Antimicrobial resistance
                  @ Bacteria
                  @ Fungi
                  @ Parasites
                  @ Transversal
                  @ Vectors
                  @ Viruses
              # Brain connectivity and neurodegenerative diseases
                  @ Diagnosis and therapy
                  @ Neuro-inflammation and Neuro-infection
                  @ Neurodegenerative Diseases 
                  @ Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diseases
                  @ Sensory Disorders
                  @ Understanding mechanisms of brain function
              # Cancer Initiative at the Institut Pasteur
                  @ Cancer Biology
                  @ Cancer and microbes
                  @ New diagnostic approaches and innovative
                    therapies
              # Emerging infectious diseases
                  @ Host-pathogen interactions (32 entities)
                  @ Infectious diseases emergence and transmission
                    dynamics
                  @ Novel approaches to diagnosis, vaccination and
                    therapy (12 entities)
                  @ Pathogen biology (12 entities)
                  @ Pathogen genomics and microbiota (8 entities)
                  @ Vector-pathogen interactions (4 entities)
              # Meet health challenges of the 21st century
              # Vaccinology Concerted Action
                  @ Vaccinology and Immunotherapy Initiative:
                    Clinical Research
                  @ Vaccinology and Immunotherapy Initiative:
                    Fundamental Research
                  @ Vaccinology and Immunotherapy Initiative:
                    Innovation - Vaccine Candidates
      + Support us
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                  @ Join Pasteurdon!
              # Fundraising for the Institut Pasteur
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                policies
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              # Tax-deductible donations
          o Why support us?
          o We need you
          o Donor FAQ
          o Donor area
      + Medical Center
          o Disease sheets
      + The research journal
          o Find in journal
          o Reports
              # A historic fight against emerging infectious diseases
              # AIDS: progress and fresh hope
              # Alzheimer's and Parkinson's - the current state of
                research
              # Alzheimer's disease: towards new diagnostic and
                therapeutic tracks
              # Antibiotics: when bacteria fight back
              # At the heart of the brain
              # Autism - following the genetic lead
              # Autism: a unique event at the Institut Pasteur
              # Autoimmune diseases: When our own defenses turn
                against us
              # Challenging the aging process
              # Cholera: researchers track the origin of epidemics in
                Europe since 1970
              # Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: A look back at three months
                of mobilisation against an emerging disease
                (COVID-19)
              # Ebola 2013-2016: lessons learned and how to respond
                to new epidemics
              # Ebola, plague, cholera, SARS... Emerging pathogens, an
                unpredictable threat
              # French Bioethics Law: an original participatory
                approach for the National Bioethics Consultation
              # From Molecular Biology to Stem Cells
              # Hearing loss: stepping up research
              # How big data is revolutionizing health research
              # Human evolutionary genetics: the benefits of genetic
                diversity
              # Infection-related cancer
              # Joining forces against the plague in Madagascar
              # Keeping a close eye on influenza
              # Louis Pasteur: a universal legacy
              # Malaria and the globalization of disease
              # Managing outbreaks more effectively
              # Meningitis - the Institut Pasteur pledges its support
                to the "Ensemble contre les meningites" association
              # Microscopes - observe the living to fight disease
              # New weapons to fight bacteria
              # Repairing the brain
              # SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 epidemic: the Institut Pasteur's
                response, scientific research and discoveries in 2020
              # Salmonella outbreak: Institut Pasteur raises the
                alarm
              # Southeast Asia faces the rise of emerging diseases
              # Tackling allergies
              # The Georges, Jacques and Elias Canetti Prize
                celebrates its 15th anniversary!
              # The Insitut Pasteur is addressing the major
                scientific and health issues facing the world today
              # The Institut Pasteur in 2018: A legacy of excellence
              # The Research Journal : the most read articles in
                2017!
              # The Research Journal: 2018's most read articles!
              # Understanding autism
              # Unraveling the brain's mysteries
              # Yellow fever, the story of a re-emerging virus
              # "Epidemics, pandemics, an endless story?": a question
                for research, citizens and society
              # "The Geopolitics of the Mosquito" - Go further with
                our experts!
          o News
              # "COVID-19, cancers and antibiotic resistance: meeting
                the researchers of the Institut Pasteur": programme
                available for replay
              # "Mental anchorpoints" used by musicians to identify
                pitch
              # "N-terminomics" reveals how Listeria bacteria detect
                and react to stress
              # "Pasteur": a new biography by Michel Morange
              # "Pasteur, the experimenter" - the must-see
                exhibition!
              # "Pasteur, the microbe legacy" lecture cycle
              # 130 years ago, the Institut Pasteur opened its doors
                for the first time
              # 130 years ago, the Institut Pasteur was under
                construction
              # 2016 yellow fever outbreak in Brazil: tiger
                mosquitoes are also capable of transmitting the virus
              # 2018 Activity Report for the Pasteur Microbes and
                Health Carnot Institute
              # 2019-2023 Strategic Plan: Two new projects to boost
                the Institut Pasteur Innovation Accelerator
              # 2022: the bicentenary of Louis Pasteur's birth
              # A Center for Research in Emerging Infectious
                Diseases, funded by NIH at the Institut Pasteur in
                Paris
              # A Graduate School for emerging infectious diseases
              # A New Drug Target against Malaria
              # A Task Force for responding to outbreaks such as Zika
              # A bacterium produces a contact-dependent antibiotic
                molecule
              # A biological interface for prostheses: the futuristic
                project of the 2018 Pasteur iGEM team
              # A breakthrough in understanding the innate immune
                response activated by dengue and Zika viruses
              # A comprehensive analysis of midbodies, bridges
                between dividing cells
              # A debate on sepsis at the Institut Pasteur
              # A fast likelihood method to reconstruct and visualize
                ancestral scenarios
              # A feedback on 10 months of mobilization of the
                Institut Pasteur against covid-19
              # A high level international conference on microbes and
                vectors resistance
              # A link between the microbiota and the severity of
                tuberculosis
              # A microbial virus from extreme environments opens
                doors to new therapeutical strategies
              # A modular gene enhancer plays a role in leukemia
              # A new 800 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance instrument
                at the Institut Pasteur
              # A new Listeria species from Costa Rica identified
              # A new approach for deciphering complex immune
                responses
              # A new biochemical pathway implicated in the
                proliferation of cancer cells
              # A new biotechnology tool to tackle antibiotic
                resistance
              # A new breakthrough in limb development
              # A new call for students by the PPU International
                doctoral program 
              # A new mathematical approach to measure the
                reliability of phylogenetic trees in the big data era
              # A new mechanism used by group B Streptococcus to
                evade the host immune system
              # A new method for identifying and typing Shigella
                strains
              # A new method for identifying differences between
                bacterial strains from the same environment
              # A new signaling pathway in the proliferation of
                cardiac cells
              # A new stem cell model to study sex determination in
                humans
              # A new step in understanding the mechanisms that
                control cilia length
              # A research ethics committee at the Institut Pasteur
                since 2009
              # A sentinel for health monitoring #podcast
              # A series of events to mark the bicentenary of Louis
                Pasteur's birth
              # A snapshot of 2021's highlights
              # A strategy for attenuating a virus by modifying its
                evolutionary potential
              # A theory to link genes with social awareness
              # A tobacco-dependence gene responsible for alcohol
                dependence
              # A vaccine candidate based on glycochemistry targets
                shigellosis: promising Phase 1 results
              # AIDS: NK cells in the innate immune system control
                viral replication in the lymph nodes
              # ARIAweb: a server for automated NMR structure
                calculation
              # Acerola: beware of potential allergic reactions
              # Activation of macrophages, key agents in immune
                response
              # Adapt to survive: the intestinal microbiota promotes
                viral persistence
              # Admixture, an adaptation mechanism for populations
                exposed to pathogens
              # Aimee Wessel and Raphael Tomasi win the i-Lab award
                for their MultiScreen project
              # Airborne Bacterial Volatiles stimulate Fungal Growth
              # Alexandre Yersin, the man who discovered the
                bacterium responsible for the plague
              # Alzheimer: how endogenously formed Tau aggregates
                fail to be degraded
              # An exceptional case of rabies in France transmitted
                by a bat
              # An imaging and modeling approach to characterize the
                structure of DNA in human cells
              # An innovative tool to study psychiatric or infectious
                diseases
              # An international conference on Emerging Infections &
                Pandemic Risk
              # An update on Ebola in the Democratic Republic of the
                Congo with Arnaud Fontanet, an expert at the Institut
                Pasteur
              # An update on the Institut Pasteur's work on
                CRISPR-CAS9
              # Antibiotic resistance: the Institut Pasteur's
                microbiological expertise and unique collection of
                resistant strains contribute to research on group A
                streptogramins
              # Antibiotic response in bacteria: the role of Membrane
                vesicles
              # Antibiotics, when bacteria become resistant #podcast
              # Antifungal therapy: Csa6 protein, a potential target
                for treatment development
              # Antimicrobial resistance: a small signal triggers
                bacterial conjugation via a hitchhiking mechanism
              # Artificial intelligence speeds up high-resolution
                microscopy
              # Artificial intelligence: a new model of brain
                development sheds light on cognition
              # Artificial intelligence: a new platform for the
                biomedical community
              # Artificial intelligence: an online platform to
                improve molecular-level analysis of living systems
              # Artificial intelligence: deep learning is blazing
                ahead
              # At the Institut Pasteur, a new insectarium for
                arbovirus mosquito vectors
              # Autism: a virtual avatar to make precision medicine
              # Autism: how genetics influences symptoms
              # Autoinflammatory diseases: a yeast sugar as a
                potential treatment
              # Award for the DIVA platform at the Start-Ulm
                competition
              # BCG vaccine: the first tuberculosis vaccination took
                place a century ago
              # BIGPICTURE: artificial intelligence for a European
                database of pathology images
              # Bacterial Achilles' heel discovered providing a new
                target for antimicrobial treatments
              # Bacterial pathogenicity: improving understanding of
                an essential process - molecule secretion
              # Biotechnology: DNA polymerases that can replicate DNA
                without a primer!
              # Blood test: a potential new tool for controlling
                infections
              # Book release: "Institut Pasteur: Today's Research,
                Tomorrow's Medicine"
              # COVID-19 - The Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub
                on the front line
              # COVID-19, chronicle of an expected pandemic / Exiting
                lockdown or the sum total of all dangers
              # COVID-19: Kamala Harris, Vice President of the United
                States, salutes the Institut Pasteur's response in
                tackling the pandemic
              # COVID-19: New diagnostic tool for use outside the
                lab, offering the same efficacy as a PCR test
              # COVID-19: Senlis Criminal Court convicts the author
                of a fake news video for defamation
              # COVID-19: interaction identified between SARS-CoV-2
                and unusual RNA structures in human cells
              # COVID-19: reducing outbreak risk with repeated
                antigen screening in healthcare facilities
              # COVID-19: the latest on the epidemic situation and
                why caution is still needed
              # COVID-19: we are looking for volunteers to improve
                our understanding of immunity
              # Cancer: Alternative NHEJ, a potential target
              # Cancer: CAR T cell function scrutinized to improve
                immunotherapy
              # Cancer: observing immune cells fighting tumors
              # Cancer: the role of substrate rigidity in tumor
                migration
              # Candida infections: the role of the Rme1 protein in
                the formation of chlamydospores
              # Catherine Rougeot and the discovery of a new
                painkiller molecule
              # Cell division: BST2, the common feature between viral
                infections and midbodies
              # Cellular therapy: identification of circulating human
                Innate Lymphoid Cell Precursors
              # Central nervous system infections: how group B
                streptococci cross the blood-brain barrier
              # Ceremony for the 2019 Pasteur Vallery-Radot Prize
                (awarded by the BnF)
              # Chaos in ageing skeletal muscle stem cells
              # Chikungunya spreads in and around homes with women at
                highest risk
              # Chikungunya: the specific interactions between the
                genotypes of mosquitoes and viruses have influenced
                Ae. albopictus vector competence for the virus
              # Cholera: study of the strain responsible for the
                2018-2019 epidemic in Zimbabwe
              # Christine Petit and her discoveries concerning
                early-onset hearing loss
              # Christine Petit receives the ARO Award of Merit for
                her work to elucidate the mechanisms of hearing and
                deafness
              # Cognition in Drosophila flies more developed than
                previously thought
              # Composition of the gut microbiota modulates the
                severity of Clostridioides difficile infection
              # Conserving microbiota to tackle antibiotic resistance
              # Contact with monkeys and apes puts populations at
                risk
              # Conversation: 2021, a pivotal year for the Institut
                Pasteur's future
              # Conversation: capacity building to prepare for the
                future
              # CoronaFISH: a new method for studying SARS-CoV-2 and
                detecting its presence in the body
              # Coronavirus: Institut Pasteur warns against false
                information circulating on social media
              # Covid-19: a study in children with hyper-inflammatory
                syndrome related to Kawasaki disease
              # Covid-19: impacts of the pandemic on the human
                microbiome
              # Cryptococcal meningitis: a new effective treatment
                with fewer side effects
              # Culex mosquitoes do not transmit Zika virus
              # DECIDER: artificial intelligence to improve diagnosis
                and treatment of ovarian cancer
              # DIVA: Virtual reality for complex image analysis
              # DNA viruses infiltrate 3D cellular genome
                organization and preferentially contact active
                chromatin
              # Daniel Iffla-Osiris, a great 19th-century
                philanthropist and the Institut Pasteur's most
                generous donor
              # Decades-long trends, rather than flawed vaccine, best
                explain resurgent whooping cough
              # Deciphering Hantavirus' structure
              # Deep-learning to improve super-resolution microscopy
                methods
              # Demystifying immunity in the bladder
              # Depression: the key role of neuroinflammation
              # Destroying Helicobacter pylori by disrupting
                synthesis of its cell wall!
              # Diphtheria outbreak in Yemen: an epidemiology study
              # Diphtheria: identification of a penicillin resistance
                gene
              # Discovery of a mechanism responsible for chronic
                inflammation in patients suffering from multiple
                sclerosis
              # Discovery of a restriction factor for hepatitis B
                virus
              # Discovery of messenger RNA in 1961
              # Discovery of new strains of the HTLV-4 virus in
                hunters bitten by gorillas in Gabon
              # Discovery of numerous potential open reading frames
                in the Cryptococcus genome
              # Discovery of the mechanism used to coordinate
                replication of the two Vibrio cholerae chromosomes
              # Distinguishing resistence from resilience to prolong
                antibiotic potency
              # Division - a key moment in establishing cell polarity
              # Drastic reduction of exposure to malaria in Senegal
              # During DNA repair, a protein regulates homology
                search by reorganizing the genome
              # EDF Group Foundation supports the Institut Pasteur
                and the DIVA project
              # ERC Starting Grants: three scientists working at the
                Institut Pasteur among the successful candidates
              # ERC grants: scientific excellence supported by Europe
              # Ebola: the answers to your questions in our disease
                sheet
              # Economist Jim O'Neill, and other experts, discuss
                Antimicrobial Resistance at the Institut Pasteur
              # Effect of the seasons on pneumococcal infections
              # Efficacy of cancer treatment: two bacteria in the
                microbiota identified
              # Elucidation of the inhibition mechanism of
                calmodulin, a protein that is essential for life
              # Embryonic development - the role of Nodal in
                establishing cardiac asymmetry
              # Emerging diseases and Covid-19 #Podcast
              # Epidemic, pandemic... Infodemic: the other health
                emergency
              # Epigenetic effects of immunity and aging quantified
              # Esrrb transcription factor plays a key role in
                maintaining stem cell identity even after countless
                divisions
              # Establishment of the Hearing Institute, a new
                Institut Pasteur center: scientific experts within
                the field of hearing brought together for a
                high-level international meeting
              # Exhibition in honor of Jules Bordet at the Universite
                libre de Bruxelles
              # Exhibition: the amazing achievements of "Pasteur, the
                experimenter"!
              # Existing drugs can prevent SARS-CoV-2 from hijacking
                cells
              # Explanation and advice following the case of rabies
                in France
              # Exposure of Anopheles mosquitoes to trypanosomes
                reduces reproductive fitness and enhances
                susceptibility to Plasmodium
              # Extravascular dermal trypanosomes in suspected and
                confirmed cases of Human African Trypanosomiasis
              # Fake news: the author of a misleading video sentenced
                for of public defamation
              # Fighting Cancer #podcast
              # First statement from the Pasteur International
                Network association to the World Health Assembly
              # First stone laid for the Institut Pasteur in Guinea 
              # Following maternal transmission, group B strep
                mutates to sicken infants
              # Fondation IPSEN supports new MOOCs at the Institut
                Pasteur
              # Foreign travel - a tonic for the health?
              # Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and her research on the
                HIV-1 virus
              # Francoise Barre-Sinoussi elected as a member of the
                US National Academy of Medicine
              # French Prime Minister Jean Castex salutes the
                Institut Pasteur's expertise on emerging infectious
                diseases
              # From bacterial poisons to toxins: the early work of
                the Pasteurians
              # Frederic Tangy, expert from the Institut Pasteur,
                talks about vaccines of today and tomorrow
              # GABAA receptors undergo asymmetric motions
              # Gene therapy: Cas9 generates unexpected deletions
              # Genetic cause of difference in sexual development
                uncovered
              # Genomics study in Africa: demographic history and
                deleterious mutations
              # Genuage: virtual reality supporting super-resolution
                microscopy
              # Glial cell cancer: proteins identified in cell
                migration
              # Glioblastoma : Tunelling nanotubles could be a new
                therapeutic target
              # Gut contractions facilitate the action of two
                pathogens
              # Gut microbiota: surprising interactions between
                pathogenic and commensal bacteria
              # HIV-1: revealed during the nuclear entry step. Direct
                visualization in living cells using "HIV-1 ANCHOR"
                technology
              # HIV: one stage in replication may occur in macrophage
                nuclei
              # Have I seen this before? Exploring the formation of
                distinct memories
              # Health and environment: Institut Pasteur and AFD
                commit to a new program
              # Hepatitis B may infect twice more African babies than
                HIV
              # Hepatitis B: natural controllers shed light on
                immunity mechanisms
              # Hepatitis B: new guidelines for treating HBV-positive
                pregnant women
              # High-level microscopy unveils bacteria's adaptation
                mechanisms
              # Hospital-acquired infections: a key molecule that
                helps Clostridium difficile adapt to the gut
                environment
              # How Chlamydia trachomatis hijacks energy stores from
                its host
              # How Helicobacter pylori survives gastric acidity
              # How Listeria monocytogenes blocks intestinal villus
                invasion
              # How does Legionella pneumophila, the bacterium
                causing legionellosis, use the host cell machinery to
                its own advantage?
              # How does hearing work?
              # How does the Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus enter the
                cell? A new understanding
              # How dying cells regulate immunity
              # How human pathogens may emerge from the environment
              # How investigating the population biology of Listeria
                is ushering in a new era in listeriosis surveillance 
              # How is the embryonic thymus microenvironment shaped ?
              # How the influenza virus achieves efficient viral RNA
                replication
              # How 'death' molecules squeeze the cells out of our
                tissues
              # Human contact plays big role in spread of some
                hospital infections, but not others
              # Human genome: multiple new variants detected
              # ILC3s: "gatekeeper" cells for intestinal immunity
              # Icypro, an advanced bioimage analysis platform for
                health technology professionals
              # Identification of a new bacterial defense system
                against phages
              # IgG antibodies activate blood platelets and
                contribute to the severity of anaphylaxis
              # Immature heart cells persist in the adult heart and
                react to infarction
              # Immune cells fighting blood cancer visualized for the
                first time
              # Importance of cohesin to yeasts' 3D chromosome
                structure
              # Improving bacterial strain classification for more
                effective surveillance
              # In France, Aedes albopictus better transmits the
                African "Zika" than the Asian one
              # In the Pasteur library with Herve Di Rosa
              # Inauguration of the Hearing Institute, an Institut
                Pasteur center
              # Infant nutrition: an overly rich diet may increase
                susceptibility to inflammatory diseases
              # Infravec2 new insect vector research tools: no-cost
                resources for scientists fighting
                mosquito-transmitted diseases
              # Innate immune responses - redefining how innate
                lymphoid cells develop
              # Innovative genomic data analysis method leads to the
                discovery of novel coronavirus families
              # Insect vectors: a mosquito capable of limiting viral
                infection
              # Insecticide resistance genes affect vector competence
                for West Nile virus
              # Institut Pasteur at the 2022 Utopiales international
                science fiction festival in Nantes
              # Institut Pasteur in Guinea: One Health training to
                strengthen local expertise
              # Institut Pasteur institutional campaign: a strong
                message to encourage support for research
              # Institut Pasteur part of an international network for
                the development of new antimicrobials
              # Institut Pasteur scientist Melanie Hamon wins the
                15th Georges, Jacques and Elias Canetti Prize
              # Institut Pasteur scientists during the Great War
              # Institut Pasteur team identifies a key protein linked
                to ageing
              # International Women's Day 2019
              # Interview with Prof. Jean-Francois Delfraissy about
                French National Bioethics Consultation, a forum for
                the public and the research community
              # Interview: INRAE and the Institut Pasteur strengthen
                their collaboration
              # Intraneural stem cells : How they are maintained at
                long-term
              # Iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis: a much earlier
                origin than previously thought
              # Just the two of us: Holding hands can ease pain, sync
                brainwaves
              # Key cellular factors for chikungunya virus
                replication identified
              # Lassa fever: vaccine set to be trialed
              # Launch of the recruitment process for the Director of
                the Institut Pasteur
              # Leishmaniasis: epigenetic mechanisms implicated in
                infection
              # Leptospirosis: elucidation of a new gene regulation
                mechanism based on DNA modification
              # Listeriosis: food type determines Listeria
                monocytogenes virulence
              # Liver cancer: the Peruvian exception
              # Long-awaited determination of the 3D structure of a
                human transporter
              # Low competence of Aedes mosquitoes for Zika virus
                transmission
              # LuLISA project, bioluminescence as a tool for human
                diagnostics, from allergy to Covid19
              # Lyme disease - chipmunks may affect tick infection
                but the risk of transmission is more complex
              # Lyme disease: a study on the speed of transmission by
                infected ticks
              # L'histoire evolutive des Latino-Americains retracee
              # Malaria: Efficacy of a new treatment for Plasmodium
                vivax
              # Malaria: blood stage of the parasite recreated in
                vivo to help tackle the disease
              # Malaria: parasite resistance to artemisinin now found
                in Africa
              # Mapping antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli
              # Mechanism of activation of a major toxin involved in
                whooping cough
              # Meningitis: analysis of the long-term protection of
                the MenAfriVac vaccine
              # Meningococcal infection: bacterial aggregates form a
                thick honey-like liquid that flows through blood
                vessels
              # Meningococci: an example of genomics used as an
                epidemiological tool
              # Meningococcus and COVID-19: fewer cases of meningitis
                but higher incidence of pneumonia observed during the
                lockdown in early 2020
              # Microbiota and solid food introduction: interview
                with Gerard Eberl
              # Mitochondrial diseases: a new screening leads to
                insight on the effect of various genes on DOA
              # Mitochondrial diseases: discovery of the role of a
                molecule essential to cardiac function
              # Modeling to monitor and anticipate the Zika outbreak
                in Martinique
              # Modeling: understanding how SARS-CoV-2 variants are
                selected
              # Modified aptamers allow recognition of malaria
                parasites
              # Monkeypox in Central African Republic: genomic
                history suggests multiple introductions from
                rainforest animal reservoirs
              # Monkeypox: the epidemic potential will continue
                increasing, with diminishing herd immunity against
                viruses responsible for smallpox
              # Monnaie de Paris launches a Louis Pasteur
                commemorative coin
              # MosKeyTool: a free and interactive tool to identify
                mosquitoes of the Euro-Mediterranean region
              # Mosquitoes and viruses by Sarah Merkling
              # Multiscale structure of the Escherichia coli genome
              # Mystery of the Cape Verde Zika outbreak solved
              # Natural molecules to stimulate human antimicrobial
                defenses
              # Neurobiologist Jean-Pierre Changeux tells us the
                story of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
              # Neurodegenerative diseases: recycling mechanisms open
                up new avenues for therapy
              # Neurodevelopmental disorders: a daily practical guide
                by InovAND to help families deal with the
                difficulties of lockdown
              # Neurological impact of the Zika virus finally exposed
              # New Fellowships have been announced to enhance the
                next generation of global health leaders
              # New insight into body's response to killer fungus
              # New insights into the adaptation mechanisms of
                Leishmania parasites
              # New progress on the genetic factors involved in
                dyslexia
              # Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): what we know about
                the disease
              # Novel neurotropic arbovirus identified in France: the
                Umbre virus
              # Official release of the stamp issued by La Poste with
                the effigy of Louis Pasteur
              # Official signing of the association agreement between
                the Institut Pasteur and Universite de Paris
              # Olivier Gascuel: Inria - French Academie des sciences
                Grand Prize
              # Omics: Biology in the digital age at the Institut
                Pasteur
              # Our own RNA triggers an immune response to viral
                infections
              # Parkinson's: new discoveries about nanotubes,
                transporters of toxic proteins
              # Parkinson's disease: how lysosomes become a hub for
                the propagation of the pathology
              # Pasteur iGEM 2019: simplified diagnosis of bacterial
                infections
              # Pasteur's Nephew - Or the Adventurous Life of Adrien
                Loir, Scholar and Globe-Trotter
              # Pasteurdon 2019: Graffitti artists meet scientists
                and create stunning lab coats
              # Phage therapy effective in Crohn's disease
              # Phagotherapy: a support for the work on
                bacteriophages of a Franco-American team (Institut
                Pasteur and Georgia Tech)
              # Phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2: strengths,
                limitations and over-interpretations
              # Piecing together past epidemics by studying the human
                genome
              # Plague outbreak: advice for travelers to Madagascar
              # Pneumococcal infections: KDM6B, a key epigenetic
                regulator in the cellular response
              # Presbycusis: ultra-rare genetic mutations responsible
                for a quarter of cases occurring around the age of 50
              # Progress in the understanding of the mechanisms of
                genetic diversification in a major fungal pathogen of
                humans, Candida albicans
              # Proof-of-concept study reveals feasibility of
                eliminating rabies in Africa
              # Quantitative biological image analysis and cell
                motility
              # Quiescent cells also mutate!
              # Rabies in Cambodia
              # Rabies: new prophylactic and therapeutic avenues
              # Rare case of death following infection by a bat-borne
                virus related to rabies
              # Regulation of metabolic pathways: lessons from an
                intracellular bacterium
              # Regulation of muscle stem cells in their niche:
                juggling external and internal cues
              # Report on the 2018 Pasteur Vallery-Radot Prize
              # Reseau Bacteriophages France receives the Francois
                Sommer Foundation scientific prize
              # S3ODEON 2019 - Institut Pasteur partner to an event
                linking science and society
              # SODA, a new analysis tool for fluorescence imaging
              # Severe inflammation: clues towards a therapeutic
                approach using immune memory
              # Sex-based differences influence chronicity in urinary
                tract infections
              # Shedding light on almost indestructible archaeal pili
              # Shedding light on the burden of dengue in Bangladesh
              # Sign up for the upcoming Institut Pasteur MOOCs
              # Sleeping sickness: one step further in improving
                diagnosis
              # Small intestine regulates immune surveillance of
                colorectal cancer during chemotherapy treatment
              # Staphylococcus aureus: a new mechanism involved in
                virulence and antibiotic resistance
              # Study reveals conditions for the onset of severe
                forms of COVID-19
              # Studying synaptic protein assemblies helps us
                understand the nature of communication between
                neurons
              # Success of the 2019 Z Event in aid of the Institut
                Pasteur
              # Summer University dedicated to the creation of life
                sciences company
              # Support for government policy for the prevention of
                infectious diseases
              # Table salt to diagnose malaria 
              # Tackling fungal infections more effectively through
                surveillance
              # Ten years ago, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc
                Montagnier won the Nobel Prize in Medicine
              # Thank you, Simone Veil!
              # The 2016 Pasteur Vallery-Radot Prize
              # The 2017 Pasteur iGEM team - a purifying and
                recycling device
              # The 2018 Institut Pasteur Annual Report is available
              # The 2021 Pasteur Vallery-Radot Prize (awarded by the
                National Library of France - BnF)
              # The BTP PLUS Foundation is funding a research project
                to fight asbestos cancer
              # The Ebola virus adapted to better infect humans
                during the 2013-2016 epidemic
              # The French Parliamentary Office of Science and
                Technology pays a visit to the Institut Pasteur
              # The ISG15 protein plays a key role in fighting
                bacterial infections
              # The Institut Pasteur adopts a Charter for Open Access
                to Scientific Publications
              # The Institut Pasteur adopts a new data management and
                sharing policy
              # The Institut Pasteur and the Institut Curie sign a
                new strategic agreement that holds great potential
                for French research
              # The Institut Pasteur in Cote d'Ivoire diagnoses a
                dengue epidemic in Abidjan
              # The Institut Pasteur wishes you a Happy New Year 2022
              # The Institut Pasteur wishes you a happy New Year
              # The Institut Pasteur wishes you a happy new year 2020
              # The Institut Pasteur wishes you all the best for 2021
              # The Institut Pasteur: a leader in the fight against
                antibiotic resistance
              # The Musee Pasteur featured in book of Parisian hidden
                gems
              # The Zika virus modifies the morphology of the cells
                and makes them implode
              # The bacterium causing legionellosis modifies the
                electrochemical potential of host mitochondria to
                better replicate
              # The book "Institut Pasteur: Today's Research,
                Tomorrow's Medicine" available in US bookstores
              # The brain, this great unknown #podcast
              # The cooperativity mecanisms between DNA polymerase D
                and PCNA deciphered
              # The documentary Unseen Enemy in streaming on ARTE.TV
              # The factors that most affect our immune system
              # The first "3D" metagenomics experiment on a complex
                natural microbiome
              # The first case of prolonged remission in an
                HIV-infected child - an interview with Asier
                Saez-Cirion
              # The hidden population of multidrug-resistant
                Klebsiella bacteria colonizing the human digestive
                tract
              # The issues of epidemiology with Arnaud Fontanet
              # The long history of medical entomology
              # The molecular crossbow: a vital weapon in the
                bacterial arsenal
              # The organization of mesenchymal stromal cells
                elucidated
              # The replay of the conference "COVID-19, Advances and
                Remaining Challenges" is available
              # The shape of the heart as explained by Audrey
                Desgrange
              # The structure and assembly of the Enterohemorrhagic
                Escherichia coli type 4 pilus deciphered
              # The tiger mosquito returns to France: 51 departements
                on red alert
              # The web meets genomics: a DNA search engine for
                microbes
              # Third type of membrane envelope in a
                hyperthermophilic virus
              # This week, France Culture's flagship documentary
                series explores the life and work of Louis Pasteur
              # Tiger mosquito in France: 58 departements on red
                alert
              # Tiger mosquito in France: 64 departements on red
                alert
              # Tiger mosquitoes: heightened surveillance in France,
                from May to November 2018
              # Titan Krios (TM): inauguration of the world's most
                powerful microscope at the Institut Pasteur
              # Towards a more complete picture of Listeria
                reservoirs and global spread
              # Transgenerational sterility caused by heritable small
                RNAs
              # Tribute to the Institut Pasteur in Genes & Immunity
              # Tumor cells eliminating their neighbors using a newly
                discovered mechanism
              # Tunneling nanotubes between neurons enable the spread
                of Parkinson's disease via lysosomes
              # Two major types of rabies that evolved in different
                ways
              # Ukrainian scientists: offer to join a host laboratory
                at the Institut Pasteur in Paris
              # Understanding how the whooping cough bacterium has
                evolved in response to vaccination
              # Understanding resistance in HIV controller patients:
                how their antiviral CD4+ T cells are protected from
                infection
              # Understanding the transmission of antibiotic
                resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
              # Unmasking an ancestral mechanism of integrons -- key
                players in antibiotic resistance
              # Unseen Enemy, a film about our vulnerability to
                global epidemics
              # Urinary tract infections: the mechanisms behind the
                lack of immune memory in many patients
              # Use of bacteriophages for preventing the most common
                foodborne infection, salmonellosis
              # Use of the maladiecoronavirus.fr web application
                during the first wave helped reduce call volumes to
                the French medical emergency number
              # Usher syndrome type III: cochlear gene therapy
                preserves hair cell synaptic transmission to the
                auditory neurons
              # Using medicinal chemistry to improve diagnostic
                methods
              # Viral sequence integrated in mosquito genome controls
                infection by related virus
              # Virtual reality effective in preoperative planning
                for breast cancer surgery
              # Virtual reality helps explore how the brain initiates
                movements
              # What is long COVID ?
              # What is the "tiger mosquito" (Aedes albopictus)?
              # When Listeria attacks the intestinal microbiota
              # When the structure of Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs)
                challenges the very concept of cell
              # Whooping cough: elucidation of a critical stage in
                the action of the CyaA toxin
              # Whooping cough: light shed on the entry mechanism of
                a key Bordetella pertussis virulence factor
              # Why some patients develop resistance to new class of
                anti-cancer drugs
              # Why vaccines are essential
              # World Tuberculosis Day: ERA4TB accelerating the
                development of new treatment regimens
              # World Water Day: several water-related diseases still
                exist
              # Yellow fever: risk of virus transmission in the
                Asia-Pacific region
              # Yellow fever: understanding the rare side effects of
                vaccines
              # Yellow fever: using modeling to optimize the use of
                vaccine stocks
              # Yersinia - a novel genomic tool for identifying
                strains
              # ZIKAlliance project: Zika vector competence data
                reveals risks of outbreaks
              # Zika outbreaks fostered by virus-permissive
                mosquitoes
              # Zika: two indigenous cases for the first time in
                mainland France
              # i-Lab 2020 competition: two winners from the Institut
                Pasteur, one awarded a Grand Prix
          o Events
              # "The Incredible Story of The Bacteria Killers" on
                November 2, on Arte
              # A bicentenary tribute to Louis Pasteur, Foreign
                Member of the Royal Society
              # Colloquium "Epidemics, pandemics: a never-ending
                story?"
              # Colloquium for the centenary of Alphonse Laveran's
                death
              # Conference College de France : Comment s'arretent les
                pandemies ?
              # Congratulations are in order for the Pasteur iGEM
                2016 team!
              # Covid-19, cancers, antibiotic resistance: meet the
                researchers of the Institut Pasteur
              # International conference "COVID-19, Advances and
                Remaining Challenges"
              # Symposium - Centenary of Jules Bordet's Nobel Prize
              # Utopiales international science fiction festival
          o Portraits
              # 3D research according to Albane Imbert, an engineer
                at the Institut Pasteur
              # An Epidemiologist Faces Ebola in The Democratic
                Republic of the Congo
              # Anna-Bella Failloux, an all-terrain entomologist!
              # Diego Cordero Cervantes, globe-trotting researcher
              # Fabrice Chretien, from stethoscope to microscope
              # Fani Koukouli: A young researcher's odyssey to the
                inner depths of the brain
              # For Asier Saez-Cirion, research is an incurable
                passion
              # Humans, animals and their environment, an
                investigation by Victor Narat
              # Jean-Claude Manuguerra: viruses, animals and humans
              # Jean-Philippe Chippaux - bitten by the snake bug
              # Lhousseine Touqui, helping some thanks to others
              # Lida Katsimpardi - on the hunt for an elixir of youth
              # Lluis Quintana-Murci: discovering the world and
                humankind
              # Melodie Duval : les bacteries ont de l'avenir
              # Nicolas Michalski, an engineer tackling auditory
                neuroscience
              # Pierre-Marie Lledo: a neuro-optimist in work and in
                life
              # Sandrine Etienne-Manneville: a strong-minded woman
                tackling brain cancer head on
              # Sara and Parisa Khalilian: twin theses
              # Thomas Gregor - Following a passion through countries
                and disciplines
              # Tracking down biomarkers with Eliette Touati
          o Reportages
              # A team tackling the mysteries of the microbiota, the
                brain and the immune system
              # Photonic BioImaging - high-resolution microscopy in
                the era of artificial intelligence
          o Videos
              # COVID-19 : What we have learnt as of 20 February 2020
          o Press documents
              # 13th edition of Pasteurdon: combating infectious
                diseases and cancer
              # A blood factor involved in weight loss and aging
              # COVID-19: mathematical model indicates that between
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HomePress areaPress documentsUsing paleogenomics to elucidate 10,000
years of immune system evolution

Using paleogenomics to elucidate 10,000 years of immune system
evolution

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2023.01.13
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Scientists from the Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, the CNRS
and the College de France have used paleogenomics to trace 10,000
years of human immune system evolution. They analyzed the genomes of
more than 2,800 individuals who lived in Europe over the past ten
millennia. They were able to date the increase in frequency of most
of the mutations that are advantageous in defending against pathogens
to after the Bronze Age, 4,500 years ago. The scientists also
observed that mutations conferring a higher risk of developing
inflammatory disorders have become more frequent over the past 10,000
years. These enlightening results on the effects of natural selection
on immunity genes were published in the journal Cell Genomics on
January 13, 2023.

In the 1950s, the geneticist J.B.S. Haldane attributed the
maintenance or persistence of the mutation responsible for anomalies
in red blood cells commonly observed in Africa to the protection
these anomalies provided against malaria, an endemic infection that
claims millions of lives. This theory suggested that pathogens are
among the strongest selective pressures faced by humans. Several
population genetics studies subsequently confirmed the theory. But
major questions remained, especially regarding the specific epochs
during which the selective pressures exerted by pathogens on human
populations were strongest and their impact on the present-day risk
of developing inflammatory or autoimmune disorders.

To address these questions, scientists from the Institut Pasteur,
Universite Paris Cite, the CNRS and the College de France, in
collaboration with the Imagine Institute and The Rockefeller
University (United States), adopted an approach based on
paleogenomics. This discipline, which studies the DNA from fossil
remains, has led to major discoveries about the history and evolution
of humans and human diseases, as illustrated by the decision to award
the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to the paleogeneticist
Svante Paabo. In the study led by the Institut Pasteur, published on
January 13 in the journal Cell Genomics, the scientists analyzed the
variability of the genomes of more than 2,800 individuals who lived
in Europe over the past ten millennia - a period covering the
Neolithic, the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, the Middle Ages and the
present.

By reconstituting the evolution over time of hundreds of thousands of
genetic mutations, the scientists initially identified mutations that
rapidly increased in frequency in Europe, indicating that they were
advantageous. These mutations that evolved under "positive" natural
selection are mainly located in 89 genes enriched in functions
relating to the innate immune response, including especially the OAS
genes - which are responsible for antiviral activity - and the gene
responsible for the ABO blood group system. Surprisingly, most of
these positive selection events, which demonstrate a genetic
adaptation to the pathogenic environment, began recently, from the
start of the Bronze Age, around 4,500 years ago. The scientists
explain this "acceleration" in adaptation by the growth in the human
population during this period and/or by strong selective pressures
exerted by pathogens in the Bronze Age, probably linked to the spread
of severe infectious diseases such as plague.

At the same time, the scientists also looked at the opposite
situation, in other words, mutations whose frequency fell
significantly over the past ten millennia. These mutations are
probably subject to "negative" selection because they increase the
risk of disease. They noted that once again, these selection events
mainly began in the Bronze Age. Many of these disadvantageous
mutations were also located in genes associated with the innate
immune response, such as TYK2, LPB, TLR3 and IL23R, and have been
confirmed in experimental research to have a deleterious effect in
terms of infectious disease risk. The results emphasize the value of
adopting an evolutionary approach in research on genetic
susceptibility to infectious diseases.

Finally, the scientists explored the theory that the selection
exerted by pathogens in the past gave an advantage to alleles
conferring resistance to infectious diseases, but that in turn these
alleles have increased the present-day risk of autoimmune or
inflammatory disorders. They investigated the few thousand mutations
known to increase susceptibility firstly to tuberculosis, hepatitis,
HIV or COVID-19, and secondly to rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus
erythematosus or inflammatory bowel disease. By looking at the
evolution of these mutations over time, they observed that those
associated with an increased risk of inflammatory disorders -
including Crohn's disease - became more frequent over the past 10,000
years, while the frequency of those associated with a risk of
developing infectious diseases decreased. "These results suggest that
the risk of inflammatory disorders has increased in Europeans since
the Neolithic period because of a positive selection of mutations
improving resistance to infectious diseases," explains Lluis
Quintana-Murci, director of the study and Head of the Human
Evolutionary Genetics Unit (Institut Pasteur/CNRS Evolutionary
Genomics, Modeling and Health Unit/Universite Paris Cite).

The results of the study, which harnessed the huge potential of
paleogenomics, show that natural selection has targeted human
immunity genes over the past ten millennia in Europe, especially
since the start of the Bronze Age, and contributed to present-day
disparities in terms of the risk of infectious and inflammatory
diseases.

As well as the institutions mentioned above, this research was
supported by the French Foundation for Medical Research (FRM), the
Allianz-Institut de France Foundation and the Fondation de France.

Using paleogenomics to elucidate 10,000 years of immune system
evolution

Explanatory diagram. (c) Gaspard Kerner, Institut Pasteur

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Source

Genetic adaptation to pathogens and increased risk of inflammatory
disorders in post-Neolithic Europe, Cell Genomics, January 13, 2023

Gaspard Kerner,^1* Anna-Lena Neehus,^2,3 Quentin Philippot,^2,3
Jonathan Bohlen,^2,3 Darawan Rinchai,^4 Nacim Kerrouche,^4 Anne Puel,
^2,3 Shen-Ying Zhang,^2,3,4 Stephanie Boisson-Dupuis,^2,3,4 Laurent
Abel,^2,3,4 Jean-Laurent Casanova,^2,3,4,5,6 Etienne Patin,^1,8
Guillaume Laval,^1,8 and Lluis Quintana-Murci,^1,7,8,9,*

^1Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, CNRS UMR2000, Human
Evolutionary Genetics Unit, F-75015 Paris, France

^2Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR
1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France.

^3University Paris Cite, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France.

^4St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The
Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States.
^5Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, United States

^6Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015
Paris, France

^7College de France, Chair of Human Genomics and Evolution, F-75005
Paris, France

^8Senior author

^9Lead contact

*Corresponding author

 

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