https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/dotnet-6-is-now-in-ubuntu-2204/ Skip to main content [RE1Mu3b] Microsoft .NET Blog .NET Blog .NET Blog * Home * DevBlogs * Developer + Visual Studio + Visual Studio Code + Visual Studio for Mac + DevOps + Developer support + CSE Developer + Engineering@Microsoft + Azure SDK + IoT + Command Line + Perf and Diagnostics + Dr. International + Notification Hubs + Math in Office * Technology + DirectX + PIX + SurfaceDuo + Startups + Sustainable Engineering + Windows AI Platform * Languages + C++ + C# + F# + Visual Basic + TypeScript + PowerShell Community + PowerShell Team + Python + Q# + JavaScript + Java + Java Blog in Chinese * .NET + .NET + .NET MAUI + Blazor + ASP.NET + NuGet + Xamarin * Platform Development + #ifdef Windows + Apps for Windows + Azure Depth Platform + Azure Government + Bing Dev Center + Microsoft Edge Dev + Microsoft Azure + Microsoft 365 Developer + Old New Thing + Windows MIDI and Music dev + Windows Search Platform * Data Development + Azure Cosmos DB + Azure Data Studio + Azure SQL Database + OData + Revolutions R + SQL Server Data Tools * More [ ] Search Search Cancel .NET 6 is now in Ubuntu 22.04 [png] Richard Lander August 16th, 202215 5 .NET 6 is now included in Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy) and can be installed with just apt install dotnet6. This change is a major improvement and simplification for Ubuntu users. We're also releasing .NET with Chiseled Ubuntu Containers, a new small and secure container offering from Canonical. These improvements are the result of a new partnership between Canonical and Microsoft. Here's the commands to install the .NET 6 SDK on Ubuntu 22.04: sudo apt update sudo apt install dotnet6 We're also announcing that .NET 6 is available with Chiseled Ubuntu Containers. Our friends at Canonical have developed a new chisel approach for making ultra-small container images. We're very excited about it. The Chiseled Ubuntu image is 100MB smaller than the Ubuntu images you've been using until now! Here's the command to pull the new ASP.NET Chiseled image: docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/nightly/aspnet:6.0-jammy-chiseled We also updated our dotnetapp and aspnetapp samples so that you can try out .NET with Chiseled Ubuntu Containers. These new container images significantly improve security posture: * Ultra-small images (reduced size and attack surface) * No package manager (avoids a whole class of attacks) * No shell (avoids a whole class of attacks) * Non-root (avoids a whole class of attacks) To top that off, Canonical and Microsoft are committed to working together to ensure that new .NET releases are available with new Ubuntu releases and that they work well together. This includes security updates and secure delivery of container images. We're really excited that .NET 6 is available in Ubuntu 22.04 and that Canonical chose to work with us as their launch partner for Chiseled Ubuntu images. This is what Canonical had to say about the project. "Ubuntu now has an end-to-end story from development to production with ultra-small supported container images, starting with the .NET platform", said Valentin Viennot, Product Manager at Canonical. "We think it's a huge improvement for both our communities; collaborating with the .NET team at Microsoft has enabled us to go above and beyond". Canonical and Microsoft Several months ago, folks at Canonical and Microsoft started working together with the goal of making Ubuntu an even better environment for .NET devs. We had two main goals in mind: * Simplify using .NET on Ubuntu. * Shorten the supply chain between Canonical and Microsoft. We've known for years that many .NET devs use Ubuntu. After we got talking, it became obvious that there was a fair bit we could do to make that experience better. Let me tell you what we've delivered. .NET in APT You can now install .NET 6 with APT, built by Canonical via source-build. These packages are available with Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy) and later. It's a great reason to upgrade to Jammy! Note: Please checkout this advisory on using packages.microsoft.com on Ubuntu 22.04 now that .NET 6 is included in Ubuntu. There are multiple packages: * dotnet6 -- The .NET 6 SDK (short name). * dotnet-sdk-6.0 -- Same as above (long name). * aspnet-runtime-6.0 -- ASP.NET Core * dotnet-runtime-6.0 -- .NET Runtime I'll show you how to install these images using Docker (same model applies elsewhere): rich@kamloops:~$ docker run --rm -it ubuntu:jammy root@7d4dfca0ef55:/# apt update && apt install -y dotnet6 root@7d4dfca0ef55:/# dotnet --version 6.0.108 In case that doesn't work, you need the following source registered, in /etc/apt/sources.list: deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates universe Canonical and Microsoft will be working together to ensure that these packages are updated on the monthly .NET team release schedule. This includes Microsoft sharing CVE information (descriptions and code) with Canonical ahead of public releases. Similarly, Canonical will share security information in the other direction. Notes: * We're currently missing Arm64 builds. Those will be coming soon. Both companies are strong proponents of Arm64. * .NET 7 builds are not yet available, and likely won't be until .NET 7 GA. * .NET SDK workloads are not available in packages (for any Linux distro). Also, the .NET MAUI workloads isn't supported on Linux. .NET in Chiseled Ubuntu Containers You can now use .NET in Chiseled Ubuntu Containers. Chiseling delivers the smallest container footprint while still being the Ubuntu you know and trust. It is similar to conventional distroless, with a tool that is customized for slicing .deb packages. These images are 100MB smaller than the Ubuntu images we've offered until now and don't include a root user! We're offering three layers of Chiseled Ubuntu container images, for Arm64 and x64, for .NET 6 and 7: * mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/nightly/runtime-deps:6.0-jammy-chiseled * mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/nightly/runtime:6.0-jammy-chiseled * mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/nightly/aspnet:6.0-jammy-chiseled Note: The images will be offered in our nightly repos while the chiseled offering is in preview. We'll make another announcement when they are supported in production. It will be sometime this year, but we haven't picked a timeframe, since we've been focused on basic enablement. Canonical is also publishing Chiseled Ubuntu container images for .NET, that include the new APT packages, via Docker Hub: * https://hub.docker.com/r/ubuntu/dotnet-deps * https://hub.docker.com/r/ubuntu/dotnet-runtime * https://hub.docker.com/r/ubuntu/dotnet-aspnet Let's take a look at the size win. All of the following sizes are uncompressed (on-disk, not registry/wire size). First, the runtime-deps layer. * Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy): 112MB * Chiseled Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy): 12.9MB And on the other end of the spectrum, the aspnet layer. * Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy): 213MB * Chiseled Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy): 104MB That's a truly amazing difference! The folks at Canonical have figured out how to drop 100MB of binaries and other content from these images. When we first started talking, we had no idea we'd be talking about this large of a difference! Close readers will notice that chiseled aspnet is smaller than the existing runtime-deps layer. That's shockingly good. It's reasonable to ask what Alpine looks like. It's a newer distro designed to be super small and componentized from the start. Alpine is 9.84MB for runtime-deps:6.0-alpine and 100MB for aspnet:6.0-alpine. Those are impressive numbers, again uncompressed. That's the key reason why Alpine is so popular (and why we've published .NET images for it for years). Alpine is great (and we're also friends with those folks), but it isn't for everyone and every app since it uses musl, which is a different (and incompatible) libc variant. That's only important if your app includes native libraries. If it doesn't (and most .NET apps don't), you don't need to worry about this detail. The .NET product itself is happy running with either musl or glibc and every PR on dotnet/runtime tests for both. Putting this in perspective, this is really great news if you use Ubuntu for development and always wished for a small Ubuntu to deliver into production. You now have a straightforward path from dev box to cloud without any distro-compatibility surprises. It's amazing (and quite surprising) to see Ubuntu in the same ballpark as Alpine. Kudos to the Canonical folks on a great engineering accomplishment. It's also worth mentioning that Chainguard is looking at minimal container images towards a secure future. That project is run out of the distroless GitHub org. We're watching that project and glad to see more interest in small and more secure container images. We believe that minimal + non-root container images are the future. Like our Alpine images, we've chosen not to include ICU. It would likely double the size of the image. That means that we've enabled globalization invariant mode. For some apps, that's fine, and the size win is great. For others, it is a deal breaker. We may need to adjust this part of the plan depending on the feedback. We've documented the pattern to add ICU into your images. Let me demo these images a bit to drive the point home on how (intentionally) limited these images are. % docker run --rm mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/nightly/runtime-deps:6.0-jammy-chiseled-amd64 docker: Error response from daemon: No command specified. See 'docker run --help'. Let's try again. % docker run --rm mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/nightly/runtime-deps:6.0-jammy-chiseled-amd64 bash docker: Error response from daemon: failed to create shim task: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: exec: "bash": executable file not found in $PATH: unknown. Huh? What's up? They don't work! That's the point. These are appliance-like container images. They are stripped down to the minimum. They are only intended to do what you design them to do. That's the aspect that makes them more secure. If this experience is uncomfortable, you can always use the regular Ubuntu images. We'll continue to offer them. They are not going away. We're not offering a chiseled SDK image. It wasn't obvious that there was a strong need. In fact, a chiseled SDK image could be hard to use for some scenarios. You can continue to use the existing Jammy SDK image: mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:6.0-jammy. If there is a need for a chiseled SDK image, we'll be happy to reconsider. Using chiseled container images For most apps, there won't be any notable difference in using these new container images, in terms of what your Dockerfile looks like. We made updated our samples to use these new containers images: * dotnetapp * aspnetapp I'll show you how easy this is with dotnetapp. The Dockerfile is barely different. FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:7.0-jammy AS build WORKDIR /source # copy csproj and restore as distinct layers COPY *.csproj . RUN dotnet restore --use-current-runtime # copy and publish app and libraries COPY . . RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o /app --use-current-runtime --self-contained false --no-restore # final stage/image FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/nightly/runtime:7.0-jammy-chiseled WORKDIR /app COPY --from=build /app . ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "dotnetapp.dll"] Only the final FROM statement really differs from our standard Ubuntu Dockerfile. I'll now build the sample: rich@MacBook-Air-2 dotnetapp % pwd /Users/rich/git/dotnet-docker/samples/dotnetapp rich@MacBook-Air-2 dotnetapp % docker build -t dotnetapp-chiseled -f Dockerfile.chiseled . rich@MacBook-Air-2 dotnetapp % docker images | grep dotnetapp-chiseled dotnetapp-chiseled latest bf7e125bd182 20 seconds ago 90.5MB Note: I didn't use any .NET trimming features. Certainly, this image could be made smaller. Let's launch the container: rich@MacBook-Air-2 dotnetapp % docker run --rm dotnetapp-chiseled 42 42 ,d ,d 42 42 42 ,adPPYb,42 ,adPPYba, MM42MMM 8b,dPPYba, ,adPPYba, MM42MMM a8" `Y42 a8" "8a 42 42P' `"8a a8P_____42 42 8b 42 8b d8 42 42 42 8PP""""""" 42 "8a, ,d42 "8a, ,a8" 42, 42 42 "8b, ,aa 42, `"8bbdP"Y8 `"YbbdP"' "Y428 42 42 `"Ybbd8"' "Y428 .NET 7.0.0-preview.7.22375.6 Linux 5.10.104-linuxkit #1 SMP PREEMPT Thu Mar 17 17:05:54 UTC 2022 OSArchitecture: Arm64 ProcessorCount: 4 TotalAvailableMemoryBytes: 3.83 GiB And then, let's try to break in: rich@MacBook-Air-2 dotnetapp % docker run --rm --entrypoint bash dotnetapp-chiseled docker: Error response from daemon: failed to create shim task: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: exec: "bash": executable file not found in $PATH: unknown. rich@MacBook-Air-2 dotnetapp % docker run --rm --entrypoint apt dotnetapp-chiseled install -y bash curl docker: Error response from daemon: failed to create shim task: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: exec: "apt": executable file not found in $PATH: unknown. My "red team" skills are failing me. Note that docker exec would have the same result. I'll now describe chiseled images in a bit more detail now that you've seen them in action. Chiseled Ubuntu Containers Chiseled Ubuntu Containers are the Canonical take on the distroless concept, originally popularized by Google. With the original implementation, a distro is stripped bare and only necessary packages are installed. Chiseling takes this one step forward by installing only the directories and files in each package that are necessary. The other challenge with the original implementation was that it wasn't necessarily supported by any party. Chiseled Ubuntu Containers are a first-class Canonical deliverable. That means you can use ultra-small container images and be supported as a Canonical customer. Hats off to Google for getting us all started down this path. As stated earlier, there is a lot of value to this approach: * Ultra-small images (reduced size and attack surface) * No package manager (avoids a whole class of attacks) * No shell (avoids a whole class of attacks) Chiseled Ubuntu Containers are currently in preview. We'll make a separate announcement when they are stable and supported in production. Non-root images We've configured all of the new .NET Chiseled Ubuntu Containers with a non-root user. The images do not include the root user or include root-elevating commands like sudo or su. That means that it is not possible to exercise capabilities and operations that require root. Non-root images are an additional security mitigation beyond removing a shell (like bash). Non-root images are logically separate and complementary to running a daemon as rootless. Every reduction in privilege helps. If you need access to privileged resources, you can add the root user within your Dockerfile. You are not prevented from that, but then that's a specific security decision you'd be making. Chiseled images are appliance-like and are not general-purpose. We felt that they offered us an opportunity to finally deliver non-root images. That's informing our policy going forward. Appliance-like images will be delivered as non-root and general-purpose ones will be delivered as per the policy of the base image (which might be configured with the root user). However, this project with Canonical has inspired us to look at a middle-ground option, of offering non-root-capable images. Secure supply chain Canonical already has secure processes in place for directly delivering Ubuntu Virtual Machine images to Azure for customers to use. It occurred to us that Canonical could do the same thing with the Ubuntu container base images that we use to build Ubuntu-based .NET images (regular and Chiseled). That's what we're now using, instead of pulling from Docker Hub. We now have what's effectively a zero-distance supply chain for all Canonical assets with known custody/provenance throughout. We're doing something similar with sharing CVE fixes. We have a shared private virtual mono repo for sharing monthly patches. It's also shared with Red Hat. It means we can work together on getting the correct fixes in place at the right time in a coordinated way. .NET container images are not yet signed, but that's coming relatively soon. We're regularly working to improve our security-focused capabilities. Support Canonical and Microsoft have been working together to give you a better experience. This includes support. You can report issues in the familiar .NET repos like dotnet/core and dotnet/runtime. If you want commercial support, you should start with Canonical support. Canonical is the best position to support Ubuntu packages. Canonical may contact Microsoft to assist with resolving issues, as needed. Security researchers that find vulnerabilities in Canonical-provided .NET packages are still eligible for the Microsoft .NET Bounty Program. Microsoft continues to maintain .NET packages in its packages.microsoft.com feed for Ubuntu and we intend to continue that going forward. For most users, we recommend using the dotnet6 packages that come with Ubuntu Jammy+. That's what I'll be doing. It's also the same guidance we have for Red Hat users. Note: Please checkout this advisory on using packages.microsoft.com on Ubuntu 22.04 now that .NET 6 is included in Ubuntu. There are two main reasons to continue to use the Microsoft packages: * You specifically want .NET builds from Microsoft, not any other vendor. * The Microsoft packages target later .NET SDK feature bands (like 6.0.4xx) while source-build tracks 6.0.1xx. That's more relevant for Windows users, but might be important for some Linux users. The new packages are available for .NET 6+ and Ubuntu 22.04+. Previous .NET and Ubuntu versions are not supported (with the new packages). You must use the existing packages.microsoft.com feed to use .NET on earlier Ubuntu versions. Separately, earlier .NET versions are not supported on Ubuntu 22.04 because they do not support OpenSSL v3. What's Next? We have identified a number of opportunities to make it easier for Canonical to consume .NET source. We're going to focus on those in the immediate term. These improvements will also benefit other users who build and distribute .NET from source. We recently setup a distro-maintainer group for .NET. Canonical is a member of that group. We have already started discussing potential source-build improvements within that forum. Other distros (that build .NET from source) are welcome to join. Contact dotnet@microsoft.com for more information. Canonical is starting out with support for x64 and will quickly add .NET packages for Arm64. It's an exciting time in the industry with multiple mainline chip architectures to support. Ubuntu and .NET both have a long history of supporting multiple architectures. Closing .NET has been open source for just over 5 years now. A partnership with Canonical was felt out of grasp during the early days of our project on GitHub. We've learned a lot about how to structure an OSS project so that it is a candidate for inclusion in a Linux distro. This is thanks to our other partners who have taught us a lot, particularly Fedora and Red Hat. Looking back, it is easy to see that open source, trust, and industry relationships are even more important now than they were when we started. We're excited and honored to be working with Canonical. [png] Richard Lander Program Manager, .NET Team Follow Posted in .NET .NET Core ASP.NET Core ContainersTagged Containers Linux ubuntu Read next .NET Framework August 2022 Security and Quality Rollup Updates August 2022 Security and Quality Rollup Updates for .NET Framework [png]Salini Agarwal August 10, 2022 1 comment Announcing .NET Framework 4.8.1 Announcing the release of .NET Framework 4.8.1 that bring ARM64 support, WinForms accessibility enhancements, and more. [png]Tara Overfield August 9, 2022 44 comments 15 comments Leave a commentCancel reply Log in to join the discussion. * [png] Sergei Polazhenko August 16, 2022 6:15 am collapse this comment It will be useful to list aplications which now are available for Ubuntu users with .net 6.0 Log in to Reply + [png] Richard LanderMicrosoft employee August 16, 2022 6:37 am collapse this comment That is an interesting question. There are obviously no .NET 6 app packages yet, since the platform packages just arrived. However, an app like Jellyfin -- https://jellyfin.org/ -- now has the opportunity to publish packages on top. I hope to see a bunch of that happen now. Log in to Reply * [png] Ruslan Yakauleu August 16, 2022 6:49 am collapse this comment Still waiting when MAUI/Xamarin.Forms will work with Linux and ShareX will be ported Log in to Reply + [png] Richard LanderMicrosoft employee August 16, 2022 6:59 am collapse this comment Understood. I'll make sure the MAUI folks see this. Log in to Reply * [png] Tony Henrique August 16, 2022 7:58 am collapse this comment That is awesome. .NET is great and with those features and images for Linux makes it easier to make the apps run on Linux. All this just confirms that I choose a great platform to develop my apps! Log in to Reply + [png] Richard LanderMicrosoft employee August 16, 2022 11:16 am collapse this comment For sure! We're trying to make good choices and partner with great companies/organizations that benefit .NET devs. Log in to Reply * [png] Bruno B. de Souza August 16, 2022 8:48 am collapse this comment ".NET SDK workloads are not available in packages (for any Linux distro)." There are some plan to add workload support? What about wasm-aot? I already can build and run a .NET 6 Android app through Rider, so workload support seems very important for Linux users. Log in to Reply + [png] Richard LanderMicrosoft employee August 16, 2022 11:18 am collapse this comment Yes. It is clearly important to deliver workload support for Linux. I'm not super close to that space, so I don't have anything to share. Log in to Reply * [png] Mahmoud Kwayyes August 16, 2022 10:30 am collapse this comment I'm waiting Maui support for linux platform Log in to Reply * [png] I FSDF August 16, 2022 11:59 am collapse this comment Aperfeicoem o Office Open Document Format = model only pattern font ***** ODF - Open Document Format for Office Applications = Documento de Formato Aberto. (use a mesma fonte em todos os Offices alternativos e Android) . ODT para documentos de texto ODS para planilhas eletronicas ODP para apresentacoes de slides PDF Portable Document format Log in to Reply + [png] Richard LanderMicrosoft employee August 16, 2022 1:24 pm collapse this comment I'm sorry, but I don't understand what you are asking for. Log in to Reply * [png] Aaron Franke August 16, 2022 12:09 pm collapse this comment Will there also be a dotnet meta-package that installs the latest .NET (6/7/8/etc)? I would find this useful. Log in to Reply + [png] Richard LanderMicrosoft employee August 16, 2022 12:31 pm collapse this comment We have avoided those models since it usually results in people experiencing breaking changes when they don't expect them. Log in to Reply * [png] Andre Ziegler August 16, 2022 1:24 pm collapse this comment Do you also have plans to work with Raspberry Pi Foundation to bring same kind of .net 6/7 support to Raspberry Pi OS? Log in to Reply * [png] mumtaz shah August 16, 2022 3:16 pm collapse this comment Wonderful news , absolutely loved it. One last thing: we, the dotnet developers on Ubuntu, also need to make dotnet GUI apps for Windows, Mac, Linux, and Mobile. Please bring MAUI to Linux. The dotnet developers on Mac can build with MAUI. The dotnet developers on Ubuntu can't. Bringing MAUI to Linux will complete the dotnet developer's universe. Regards. Log in to Reply Relevant Links .NET Download .NET Hello World .NET Meetup Events .NET Documentation .NET API Browser .NET SDKs .NET Application Architecture Guides Web apps with ASP.NET Core Mobile apps with Xamarin.Forms Microservices with Docker Containers Modernizing existing .NET apps to the cloud Archive August 2022 July 2022 June 2022 May 2022 April 2022 March 2022 February 2022 January 2022 December 2021 November 2021 October 2021 September 2021 August 2021 July 2021 June 2021 May 2021 April 2021 March 2021 February 2021 January 2021 December 2020 November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 March 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 June 2011 April 2011 March 2011 February 2011 January 2011 December 2010 November 2010 October 2010 September 2010 August 2010 July 2010 June 2010 May 2010 April 2010 March 2010 February 2010 December 2009 November 2009 October 2009 September 2009 August 2009 July 2009 June 2009 May 2009 April 2009 March 2009 February 2009 January 2009 December 2008 November 2008 October 2008 September 2008 August 2008 July 2008 June 2008 May 2008 April 2008 March 2008 February 2008 January 2008 December 2007 November 2007 October 2007 September 2007 August 2007 July 2007 June 2007 May 2007 April 2007 March 2007 February 2007 January 2007 December 2006 November 2006 October 2006 September 2006 August 2006 July 2006 June 2006 May 2006 April 2006 March 2006 February 2006 January 2006 October 2005 July 2005 May 2005 December 2004 November 2004 September 2004 June 2004 Topics .NET ASP.NET .NET Core ASP.NET Core .NET Framework Blazor Entity Framework C# Azure Visual Studio WPF ML.NET .NET MAUI Performance Machine Learning F# WinForms AI Machine Learning Maintenance & Updates .NET Internals Security Containers SignalR Community Standup Conversations Developer Stories Cloud WCF Game Development Lifecycle Debugging Show dotnet Networking WebHooks Maoni GitHub Actions TPL Docker GC Concurrency Async Featured gRPC Static Analysis Visual Basic Spark for .NET Big Data Apache XAML IoT Orchard Core SQL Server JSON LOH Stay informed Login Insert/edit link Close Enter the destination URL URL [ ] Link Text [ ] [ ] Open link in a new tab Or link to existing content Search [ ] No search term specified. Showing recent items. Search or use up and down arrow keys to select an item. Cancel [Add Link] Code Block x Paste your code snippet [ ] Cancel Ok What's new * Surface Laptop Go 2 * Surface Pro 8 * Surface Laptop Studio * Surface Pro X * Surface Go 3 * Surface Duo 2 * Surface Pro 7+ * Windows 11 apps Microsoft Store * Account profile * Download Center * Microsoft Store support * Returns * Order tracking * Virtual workshops and training * Microsoft Store Promise * Flexible Payments Education * Microsoft in education * Devices for education * Microsoft Teams for Education * Microsoft 365 Education * Education consultation appointment * Educator training and development * Deals for students and parents * Azure for students Business * Microsoft Cloud * Microsoft Security * Dynamics 365 * Microsoft 365 * Microsoft Power Platform * Microsoft Teams * Microsoft Industry * Small Business Developer & IT * Azure * Developer Center * Documentation * Microsoft Learn * Microsoft Tech Community * Azure Marketplace * AppSource * Visual Studio Company * Careers * About Microsoft * Company news * Privacy at Microsoft * Investors * Diversity and inclusion * Accessibility * Sustainability * Sitemap * Contact Microsoft * Privacy * Manage cookies * Terms of use * Trademarks * Safety & eco * About our ads * (c) Microsoft 2022