https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mundaneum Mundaneum From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Coordinates: 50deg27'27.67''N 3deg57'19.62''E / 50.4576861degN 3.9554500degE / 50.4576861; 3.9554500 [220px-Mundaneum_Tir] Drawers of the Mundaneum's Universal Bibliographical System bibliographic index cards, The Mundaneum was an institution which aimed to gather together all the world's knowledge and classify it according to a system developed called the Universal Decimal Classification. It was developed at the turn of the 20th century by Belgian lawyers Paul Otlet and Henri La Fontaine. The Mundaneum has been identified as a milestone in the history of data collection and management,^[1] and (somewhat more tenuously) as a precursor to the Internet.^[2] In the 21st century, the Mundaneum is a non-profit organisation based in Mons, Belgium that runs an exhibition space, website and archive which celebrate the legacy of the original Mundaneum.^[3] [ ] Contents * 1 History + 1.1 Later years and museum * 2 See also * 3 References * 4 Sources * 5 External links History[edit] The Mundaneum was created in 1910, following an initiative begun in 1895 by Belgian lawyers Paul Otlet and Henri La Fontaine,^[4] as part of their work on documentation science. Otlet first called it the Palais Mondial ("world palace"), and it occupied the left wing of the Palais du Cinquantenaire, a government building in Brussels.^[5] Otlet and La Fontaine organized an International Conference of International Associations which was the origin of the Union of International Associations (UIA). Otlet regarded the project as the centrepiece of a new 'world city'--a centrepiece which eventually became an archive with more than 12 million index cards and documents. Some consider it a forerunner of the Internet (or, perhaps more appropriately, of systematic knowledge projects such as Wikipedia and WolframAlpha) and Otlet himself had dreams that one day, somehow, all the information he collected could be accessed by people from the comfort of their own homes. An English pamphlet published in 1914 described it: The International Centre organises collections of world-wide importance. These collections are the International Museum, the International Library, the International Bibliographic Catalogue and the Universal Documentary Archives. These collections are conceived as parts of one universal body of documentation, as an encyclopedic survey of human knowledge, as an enormous intellectual warehouse of books, documents, catalogues and scientific objects. Established according to standardised methods, they are formed by assembling cooperative everything that the participating associations may gather or classify. Closely consolidated and coordinated in all of their parts and enriched by duplicates of all private works wherever undertaken, these collections will tend progressively to constitute a permanent and complete representation of the entire world (Union of International Associations, 1914, p. 116).^[6] The Mundaneum was originally housed at the Palais du Cinquantenaire in Brussels (Belgium). This was originally renamed Palais Mondial, before the name Mundaneum was adopted. Otlet commissioned architect Le Corbusier to design a Mundaneum project to be built in Geneva, Switzerland in 1929.^[5] Although never built, the project triggered the Mundaneum Affair, a theoretical argument between Corbusier and Czech critic and architect Karel Teige. In 1933, with Otlet's agreement, Otto Neurath founded the Mundaneum Institute as a branch in The Hague in 1933,^[7] which became central to his activities when he moved to the Netherlands as a refugee following the defeat of the Austrian Social Democratic Party in the Austrian Civil War. In 1936 the Mundaneum Institute launched the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science.^[8] Later years and museum[edit] [220px-Mundaneum_Mons] Entrance of the current Mundaneum (Mons, Belgium). When Nazi Germany invaded Belgium in 1940, the Mundaneum was replaced with an exhibit of Third Reich art, and some material was lost.^[4] The Mundaneum was reconstituted in a large but decrepit building in Leopold Park. It remained there until it was forced to move again in 1972. The Mundaneum has since been relocated to a converted 1930s department store in Mons (Wallonia), where the existing museum opened in 1998.^[4] On August 23, 2015, a Google Doodle depicting the Mundaneum filing cabinets was released. The Doodle was meant to pay tribute to the creators of the Mundaneum as pioneers of open information.^[9] On Android phones, "The Mundaneum App offers visitors 3 unique experiences that delve into its rich and influential including 'The Origins of the Internet in Europe,' the '100th Anniversary of a Nobel Peace Prize,' and 'Mapping Knowledge.'"^[10] See also[edit] * "As We May Think", an essay by Vannevar Bush * History of libraries * Information science * OCLC, the world's largest library network * Project Xanadu, the first hypertext system, founded in 1960 * WorldCat, the world's largest bibliographic database People * Paul Otlet (1868-1944) * Vannevar Bush (1890-1974) * Fred Kilgour (1914-2006) * J.C.R. Licklider (1915-1990) * Douglas Engelbart (1925-2013) * Ted Nelson (1937- ) * Andries van Dam (1938- ) * Tim Berners-Lee (1955- ) Ideas * External memory (psychology) * Hypermedia * Hypertext * Intelligence amplification * Office of the future * Victorian Internet, term coined to describe advanced 19th-century telecommunications technologies such as the telegraph * World Wide Web References[edit] 1. ^ "Computable knowledge History", Alpha, Wolfram 2. ^ Wright, Alex (2014-07-10). Cataloging the World: Paul Otlet and the Birth of the Information Age. Oxford; New York: OUP USA. pp. 8-15. ISBN 9780199931415. 3. ^ "Mundaneum Exhibition Space". Mundaneum. Retrieved 8 October 2015. 4. ^ ^a ^b ^c Eric Pfanner (March 12, 2012). "Google to Announce Venture With Belgian Museum". New York Times. 5. ^ ^a ^b Pohl, Dennis (2016). "The Smart City - City of Knowledge" (PDF). In Mondotheque (ed.). Mondotheque::a radiating book. Brussels: Constant vzw. pp. 235-244. ISBN 9789081145954. 6. ^ Rayward, W Boyd (1994), "Visions of Xanadu: Paul Otlet (1868-1944) and Hypertext", Jasis, 45, pp. 235-50, archived from the original on 2005-12-27, retrieved 2006-07-17. 7. ^ Hegselmann, Rainer (1987). "Introduction". Unified Science. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company. 8. ^ Neurath, Otto (1983). "An International Encyclopedia of Unified Science (1936)". In Cohen, Robert S.; Neurath, Marie (eds.). Otto Neurath: Philosophical papers 1913-1946. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company. p. 139. 9. ^ "Google pays tribute to Belgium's inventors". Google. Retrieved 18 March 2019. 10. ^ "Mundaneum," https://artsandculture.google.com/partner/ mundaneum . Accessed 2019 December 1. Sources[edit] * Rayward's Otlet Page: Paul Otlet and Documentation * Mundaneum at Google Cultural Institute * World of Learning and a Virtual Library Barry James, International Herald Tribune, June 27, 1998. * The Web that time forgot Alex Wright, The New York Times, June 17, 2008. * Architectures of Global Knowledge: The Mundaneum and the World Wide Web Charles van den Heuvel, Destination Library 15, 2008. * Long Before the Internet: The Mundaneum, Cerebral Boinkfest website, January 19, 2011, retrieved from cerebralboinkfest.blogspot.ca on October 23, 2012: a weblog page outlining the Mundaneum's history. * Dennis Pohl, ,,The Smart City - City of Knowledge", in: Mondotheque: A Radiated Book / Un livre irradiant / Een irradierend boek, Brussel: Constant 2016, S. 235-244, ISBN 978-9-08114-595-4. External links[edit] # Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mundaneum. * Official website (in English) * Official website (in French) * v * t * e Computable knowledge * Alphabet of human thought * Authority control * Automated reasoning * Commonsense knowledge * Commonsense reasoning * Computability * Discovery system * Formal system * Inference engine * Knowledge base Topics and + Personal knowledge base concepts * Knowledge-based systems * Knowledge engineering * Knowledge extraction * Knowledge graph * Knowledge representation * Knowledge retrieval * Library classification * Logic programming * Ontology * Question answering * Semantic reasoner * Zairja * Ars Magna (1300) * An Essay towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language (1688) * Calculus ratiocinator and characteristica universalis (1700) * Dewey Decimal Classification (1876) * Begriffsschrift (1879) * Mundaneum (1910) * Logical atomism (1918) * Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) * Hilbert's program (1920s) * Incompleteness theorem (1931) Proposals and * World Brain (1938) implementations * Memex (1945) * General Problem Solver (1959) * Prolog (1972) * Cyc (1984) * Semantic Web (2001) * Wikipedia (2001) * Evi (2007) * Wolfram Alpha (2009) * Watson (2011) * Siri (2011) * Google Knowledge Graph (2012) * Wikidata (2012) * Cortana (2014) * Viv (2016) * The Engine (Gulliver's Travels, 1726) * Joe ("A Logic Named Joe", 1946) * The Librarian (Snow Crash, 1992) In fiction * Dr. Know (A.I. (film), 2001) * Waterhouse (The Baroque Cycle, 2003) See also: Logic machines in fiction and List of fictional computers Authority control Edit this at Wikidata * Integrated Authority File (Germany) * ISNI + 1 General * VIAF + 1 * WorldCat National libraries * United States * Czech Republic * Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mundaneum& oldid=1035864577" Categories: * Archives in Belgium * Classification systems * Culture in Mons * Encyclopedism * History of computing * History of human-computer interaction * History of the Internet * Literary museums in Belgium * Multimodal interaction * Museums in Hainaut (province) * Science studies Hidden categories: * Coordinates on Wikidata * Commons category link from Wikidata * Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia * Articles with French-language sources (fr) * Articles with GND identifiers * Articles with ISNI identifiers * Articles with VIAF identifiers * Articles with WORLDCATID identifiers * Articles with LCCN identifiers * Articles with NKC identifiers Navigation menu Personal tools * Not logged in * Talk * Contributions * Create account * Log in Namespaces * Article * Talk [ ] Variants expanded collapsed Views * Read * Edit * View history [ ] More expanded collapsed Search [ ] [Search] [Go] Navigation * Main page * Contents * Current events * Random article * About Wikipedia * Contact us * Donate Contribute * Help * Learn to edit * Community portal * Recent changes * Upload file Tools * What links here * Related changes * Upload file * Special pages * Permanent link * Page information * Cite this page * Wikidata item Print/export * Download as PDF * Printable version In other projects * Wikimedia Commons Languages * Belaruskaia * Dansk * Deutsch * Ellenika * Espanol * Esperanto * Euskara * Francais * Galego * Italiano * Letzebuergesch * Nederlands * Russkii * Ukrayins'ka * Wu Yu Edit links * This page was last edited on 28 July 2021, at 03:53 (UTC). * Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia(r) is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. * Privacy policy * About Wikipedia * Disclaimers * Contact Wikipedia * Mobile view * Developers * Statistics * Cookie statement * Wikimedia Foundation * Powered by MediaWiki