https://musictheory.pugetsound.edu/mt21c/MusicTheory.html

Skip to main content
\( \newcommand{\lt}{<} \newcommand{\gt}{>} \newcommand{\amp}{&} \)
 

Music Theory for the 21st-Century Classroom

Robert Hutchinson

Contents
IndexPrevUpNext
ContentsPrevUpNext

  * Front Matter
      + Colophon
      + Acknowledgements
      + Preface
  * 1 Basic Concepts
      + Pitch
      + Notation
      + Octave Registers
      + Accidentals
      + Enharmonic Notes
      + Practice Exercises
  * 2 Major Scales and Key Signatures
      + Half Steps and Whole Steps
      + The Major Scale
      + Major Key Signatures
      + Practice Exercises
  * 3 Minor Scales and Key Signatures
      + Minor Scales
      + Minor Key Signatures
      + Scale Degree Names
      + Practice Exercises
  * 4 Basics of Rhythm
      + Time Signature
      + Durational Symbols
      + Dots and Ties
      + Meter
      + Tuplets
      + Common Rhythmic Notation Errors
      + Practice Exercises
  * 5 Intervals
      + Introduction to Intervals
      + How to Identify Perfect, Major, and Minor Intervals
      + How to Write Perfect, Major, and Minor Intervals
      + Inversion of Intervals Explained
      + Augmented and Diminished Intervals
      + Practice Exercises
  * 6 Triads
      + Introduction to Triads
      + Lead-Sheet Symbols
      + Inverted Triads
      + Analyzing Chords
      + Simple "Sus" Chords
      + Summary
      + Practice Exercises
  * 7 Roman Numerals and Cadences
      + Roman Numeral Chord Symbols
      + Diatonic Chords in Major
      + Diatonic Chords in Minor
      + Cadences
      + Practice Exercises
  * 8 Seventh Chords
      + Introduction to Seventh Chords
      + The IV/5 "sus" chord
      + Roman Numerals of Diatonic Seventh Chords
      + Practice Exercises
  * 9 Harmonic Progression and Harmonic Function
      + The Circle of Fifths Progression
      + Harmonic Rhythm
      + Shorter Progressions from the Circle of Fifths
      + Harmonic Function
      + Exceptions Created by Harmonic Sequences
      + The Subtonic VII Chord in Popular Music
      + The Best-Seller Progression
      + The i-VII-VI-VII Progression
      + Practice Exercises
  * 10 Non-Chord Tones
      + Introduction to Non-Chord Tones
      + Passing Tones
      + Neighbor Tones
      + Appoggiatura
      + Escape Tone
      + Double Neighbor
      + Anticipation
      + Pedal Point
      + Suspension
      + Retardation
      + Incomplete Neighbor
      + Practice Exercises
  * 11 Melodic Analysis
      + Motive
      + Melodic Alteration
      + Fragment
      + Phrase
      + Subphrase
      + Practice Exercises
  * 12 Form in Popular Music
      + Verse-Chorus Form
      + AABA Form
      + ABAC Form
      + The 12-Bar Blues
      + Harmonically Closed and Open Sections
      + Practice Exercises
  * 13 Phrases in Combination
      + The Perfect Authentic Cadence
      + The Sentence
      + The Period
      + The Asymmetrical Period
      + The Double Period
      + Phrase Groups and Phrase Chains
      + The Elision
      + Summary of Phrases in Combination
      + Practice Exercises
  * 14 Accompanimental Textures
      + Texture
      + Chorale Texture
      + Arpeggiated Accompaniments
      + Block Chord Accompaniments
      + Afterbeats and Offbeats
      + The 3-2 Son Clave
      + Distinctive Bass Lines
  * 15 Creating Contrast Between Sections
      + The Elements of Music
      + Mozart, Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K. 525, II.
      + "Rude" by MAGIC!
  * 16 Figured Bass
      + Historical Context
      + Figured Bass Inversion Symbols
      + The Cadential Six-Four Chord
      + Other Occurrences of Six-Four Chords
      + Additional Information
      + Practice Exercises
  * 17 Secondary Dominant Chords
      + Examples with Secondary Dominants
      + Tonicization
      + Secondary Dominants in Major and Minor
      + Analyzing Secondary Dominants
      + Writing Secondary Dominants
      + Irregular Resolutions of Secondary Chords
      + Practice Exercises
  * 18 Secondary Diminished Chords
      + Secondary Diminished Chords
      + Secondary Diminished Chords in Major and Minor
      + Analyzing Secondary Diminished Chords
      + Writing Secondary Diminished Chords
      + Practice Exercises
  * 19 Mode Mixture
      + Mode Mixture
      + Harmonization of Borrowed Scale Degrees
      + Analyzing and Writing Borrowed Chords
      + The Deceptive Cadence with \(\left.\text{VI}\right.\)
      + The Picardy 3rd
      + Practice Exercises
  * 20 The Neapolitan Chord
      + The Neapolitan Chord
      + Examples of the Neapolitan Chord
      + Practice Exercises
  * 21 Augmented Sixth Chords
      + Augmented Sixth Chords
      + Types of Augmented Sixth Chords
      + Analyzing Augmented Sixth Chords
      + Lead-Sheet Analysis of Augmented Sixth Chords
      + Examples with Augmented Sixth Chords
      + Distingushing Between Chromatic Harmonies
      + Descending Chromatic Bass Lines
      + Chromatic Pre-Dominant Chords
      + Practice Exercises
  * 22 Modulation
      + Modulation
      + Tonicization versus Modulation
      + Key Relationships
      + Modulations with Diatonic Pivot Chords
      + How to Recognize a Key After a Modulation
      + Modulations with Chromatic Pivot Chords
      + Modulations Without Pivot Chords
      + Practice Exercises
  * 23 Enharmonic Modulation
      + Enharmonic Modulation
      + The V7 and Ger+6 as Pivot Chords
      + The Fully Diminished Seventh as Pivot Chord
      + Practice Exercises
  * 24 Binary and Ternary Forms
      + Binary and Ternary Form
      + Sectional versus Continuous
      + Balanced Binary
      + Rounded Binary
      + Simple Binary
      + Binary Principle
      + Ternary Form
      + Distinguishing between Rounded Binary and Ternary
      + Practice Exercises
  * 25 Sonata and Rondo Forms
      + Sonata Form
      + The Four Structural Functions in Music
      + Rondo Form
      + Rondo Character
      + Standard Forms in a Multimovement Classical Piece
      + Practice Exercises
  * 26 Voice Leading Triads
      + Voice Leading
      + Types of Motion
      + Objectionable Parallels
      + Voice Ranges
      + Rules of Melody
      + Rules of Spacing
      + Voice Leading Root Position Triads in Four Parts
      + Voice Leading First-Inversion Triads
      + Voice Leading Second Inversion Triads
      + Special Situations
      + Types of Six-Four Chords
      + Summary of Doubling Rules for Triads
      + Practice Exercises
  * 27 Voice Leading Seventh Chords
      + Voice Leading Seventh Chords
      + Voice Leading Successive Seventh Chords
      + Voice Leading the \(\left.\text{V}^{7}\right.\) to \(\left.\
        text{I}\right.\) Progression
      + The Special Resolution of vii\(\left.\text{}^{\circ}{}^{7}\
        right.\) (and vii\(\left.\text{}^o{}^{7}\right.\))
      + When to Use Seventh Chords
      + Practice Exercises
  * 28 Voice Leading With Non-Chord Tones
      + Voice Leading With Non-Chord Tones
      + Avoiding Objectionable Parallels
      + Adding Non-Chord Tones to a Chord Progression
      + Practice Exercises
  * 29 Voice Leading Chromatic Harmonies
      + Voice Leading Secondary Chords
      + Voice Leading Borrowed Chords
      + Voice Leading the Neapolitan Chord
      + Voice Leading Augmented Sixth Chords
      + Practice Exercises
  * 30 Introduction to Counterpoint
      + Species Counterpoint
      + First Species Counterpoint
      + Second Species Counterpoint
      + Third Species Counterpoint
      + Fourth Species Counterpoint
      + Fifth Species Counterpoint
      + Invention Expositions
      + Fugue Analysis
      + Practice Exercises
  * 31 Introduction to Jazz Theory
      + Jazz Chord Basics
      + Chord Symbol Specifics
      + Altered Dominant Seventh Chords
      + Chord Labels
      + How to Write Jazz Chords
      + How to Analyze Jazz Chords
      + Jazz Chord Voicings
      + Standard Chord Progressions
      + Scales
      + How to Determine Chord-Scale Relationships
      + Harmonizing the Bebop Scale
      + Practice Exercises
  * 32 Impressionism and Extended Tonality
      + Impressionism
      + Pandiatonicism
      + Quartal, Quintal, and Secundal Harmony
      + Polychords
      + Practice Exercises
  * 33 Set Theory
      + Set Theory
      + Normal Form
      + Prime Form
      + Interval Vector
      + Forte Numbers
      + Lists of Set Classes
      + Transposition (T\(\text{}_{n}\))
      + Inversion (T\(\text{}_{n}\)I)
      + Practice Exercises
  * 34 Serialism
      + Twelve-Tone Technique
      + Determining Row Forms
      + Writing Row Forms
      + Twelve-Tone Matrix
      + Row Form Presentation in Music
      + Non-Twelve-Tone Serialism
      + Practice Exercises
  * 35 Minimalism
      + Additive Minimalism
      + Phase Shifting
      + Homework Assignments
  * Back Matter
  * A Answers to Practice Exercises
  * B GNU Free Documentation License
  * Index
  * Colophon

Authored in PreTeXtPowered by MathJax

  * Front Matter
  * 1 Basic Concepts
  * 2 Major Scales and Key Signatures
  * 3 Minor Scales and Key Signatures
  * 4 Basics of Rhythm
  * 5 Intervals
  * 6 Triads
  * 7 Roman Numerals and Cadences
  * 8 Seventh Chords
  * 9 Harmonic Progression and Harmonic Function
  * 10 Non-Chord Tones
  * 11 Melodic Analysis
  * 12 Form in Popular Music
  * 13 Phrases in Combination
  * 14 Accompanimental Textures
  * 15 Creating Contrast Between Sections
  * 16 Figured Bass
  * 17 Secondary Dominant Chords
  * 18 Secondary Diminished Chords
  * 19 Mode Mixture
  * 20 The Neapolitan Chord
  * 21 Augmented Sixth Chords
  * 22 Modulation
  * 23 Enharmonic Modulation
  * 24 Binary and Ternary Forms
  * 25 Sonata and Rondo Forms
  * 26 Voice Leading Triads
  * 27 Voice Leading Seventh Chords
  * 28 Voice Leading With Non-Chord Tones
  * 29 Voice Leading Chromatic Harmonies
  * 30 Introduction to Counterpoint
  * 31 Introduction to Jazz Theory
  * 32 Impressionism and Extended Tonality
  * 33 Set Theory
  * 34 Serialism
  * 35 Minimalism
  * Back Matter