https://octoverse.github.com Jump to // Overview Overview Finding balance Empowering communities Securing software Download all 3 reports Read the reports Select a report This year's Octoverse report includes three deep dives. The Productivity Report The Community Report The Security Report Back to menu Close [x] This year's Octoverse report includes three deep dives. [check] The Productivity Report [check] The Community Report [check] The Security Report Download all 3 reports The Productivity Report The Community Report The Security Report The 2020 State of the Octo-- --verse Download all 3 reports 2020 has been a year of extraordinary change. Yet with 60M+ new repositories created this past year, one thing has remained true -- developers came together from all corners of the world to innovate, find connection, and solve problems. // Highlight to tweet text This year, the pandemic forced many of us to work remotely and more of our focus was shifted to childcare, schooling, personal health, and how to try to balance it all. But as the global workplace shifted into its new reality, we also saw an increase in developer connection and camaraderie through open source. With this in mind, an important question to ask is how we make all that work sustainable. Thanks to automation and collaboration, developers have been able to communicate more effectively and increase efficiency, carving out more time to do the work that matters most. Let's look back at the code and communities built on GitHub this year... Based on the data collection range of October 2019 - September 2020. * 56 Million+ total developers on GitHub * 72 % of Fortune 50 companies use GitHub Enterprise * 60 Million+ new repositories created in the last year * 1.9 Billion+ contributions added in the last year // The regions that scaled Geographical distribution of active users Oceania Africa South America Europe Asia North America * 34 % North America Decrease of 2% from last year * 30 .7% Asia Increase of 1.1% from last year * 26 .8% Europe Increase of 0.1% from last year * 4.9 % South America Increase of 0.4% from last year * 2 % Africa Increase of 0.3% from last year * 1.7 % Oceania No change since last year // The languages that dominated Top languages over the years Ruby Objective-C Shell C C++ PHP C# TypeScript Java Python JavaScript 2 4 8 6 10 2014 2016 2018 2020 Ranking This year we did a deeper dive into the patterns that we see on GitHub. // Explore each section of our report [chapter-01] [chapter-02] [chapter-03] 01 Jump to Finding balance between work and play 02 Jump to Empowering healthy communities 03 Jump to Securing the world's software // Part 1 of 3 Finding balance between work and play In 2020 we all had to rethink our working spaces and schedules, testing the boundaries between work and home--and we saw that line can be hard to draw. Download the full Productivity Report The full Productivity Report Governmental responses to COVID-19 had a clear effect on working from home across all regions. While developers have been putting in longer working hours, they've also spent more time on open source projects. Copied link to chart https://octoverse.github.com/# chart-public-oss-creation Percent increase in open source project creation per active user compared to previous year Seven day rolling average 11.2019 01.2020 03.2020 05.2020 07.2020 09.2020 -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% COVID-19 lockdown We saw a major spike in activity in March and April when the COVID-19 pandemic began to take shape. Developer work dropped on the weekends, while open source activity jumped. This could mean that open source is both a place to learn and create, and an important escape from work. See how people worked this year Copied link to chart https://octoverse.github.com/# chart-work-span-day Average development window by day of week per user Percentage of all contributions that are to open source repos overlaid Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 0 0% 100 3% 200 5% 300 8% 400 2019 2020 OSS contributions 10% 13% Average work day (min) % of all contributions that are to OSS repos We measured time between first and last push to main branch to capture development time - which is higher this year vs last (bars). Across all regions investigated, developers worked more--and worked more together. * 35 % more repositories created than last year * 25 % more contributions to open source projects * 7.5 HRS faster pull request merge times in teams' most productive and collaborative weeks Person deep in thought, wearing headphones, looking at laptop screen Picture of work and parenting happening from home It's unclear if developers are taking advantage of flexible work schedules,or stretching the same amount of work over longer periods of time. However in some cases, work volume increases. In a time when everyone is forced to stay home, developers around the world have found connection and community through open source. While many caution that technology can be tiring, these patterns show that open source may provide a creative outlet that's noticeably different from the workplace. Explore work patterns across regions Over the course of a year, we've seen GitHub grow globally in size and diversity. And it's not just numbers: The kinds of projects and skills of contributors are expanding. Top countries and regions percentage growth in contributors since last year Hong Kong (SAR) 64.5% Nigeria 65.9% Pakistan 51.5% Indonesia 51.2% Saudi Arabia 60.1% Turkey 49.4% Bangladesh 59.5% Colombia 48.0% Egypt 54.9% Peru 47.8% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 01 Timely Open Source for Good projects, like COVID-19, saw explosive growth and may present an exciting opportunity for new users to get engaged in open source communities. No. Topic Repositories 1 COVID-19 5,646 2 dataworkshop 1,008 3 angular9 753 4 bsa 560 5 vercel 557 Explore what communities are thriving 02 Data analysts, scientists, students, teachers, and designers are joining GitHub, suggesting that collaborations on the platform will increasingly include more than just code. Students and teachers 23% Data analysts 10% Scientists 6% Designers 5% Managers 3% Discover open sources' rapid user growth 03 Using GitHub as a platform for education creates long-term careers in software development and opens opportunities to impact lives around the world. * 73 % more active teachers * 32 % more active students See how GitHub is accelerating education // Part 2 of 3 Empowering healthy communities As communities see more activity, it's more important than ever to fight burnout. Early feature adoption gives developers space for connection and collaboration so everyone can focus on the work that matters most. Download the full Community Report The full Community Report Launched in May of 2020, GitHub Discussions found early success during next.js's beta test. 3000 Discussions started in the next.js repository 50 % of active Discussions users have contributed/ pushed code With GitHub Discussions, the community can share context and expertise without burdening maintainers and key champions. People value the ability to separate conversations from work, while still sharing a common platform. Copied link to chart https://octoverse.github.com/#chart-next-js Cumulative Discussions created over time in next.js 01.2020 03.2020 05.2020 07.2020 09.2020 0 1000 2000 4000 3000 Number of Discussions Discussions also increased retention of new community members. New members were more likely to return if they participated in a Discussion than if they pushed a commit or created an issue, and Discussions are more sustainable for the community. Learn how teams use Discussions Copied link to chart https://octoverse.github.com/# chart-retention-contribution Retention rate based on newcomer's first contribution First contribution must have been within 28 days of creating an account. Retained is defined as a contribution in second 28 day window. comment on commit create gist create issue push review pull request create pull request create team discussion comment on pull request comment on discussion 0% 0 20% 50,000 40% 100,000 60% 150,000 80% 200,000 250,000 24% 26% 69% 38% 47% 23% 68% 49% 73% retention rate newcomer Retention rate Number of newcomers " Most of my work as an engineering manager has been teaching people how to scope work to smaller bits. So any time you have a big honking PR it's a nightmare to review--either too much discussion or none because no one can get their head around it." [sarah] Sarah Drasner VP Developer Experience, Netlify Open source communities also leveraged the value of automation. Automation accelerates software delivery by helping teams automate their workflow, leaving more time to focus on the most critical work. Open source projects that use GitHub Actions to automate their pull requests saw faster software delivery and better collaboration. Learn how automation fuels developer experience and productivity The patterns we learn about open source communication and automation can make enterprise teams more productive, too. 34 % increase in the number of pull requests merged 18 % decrease in time to merge // Part 3 of 3 Securing the world's software By incorporating automation into workflows, communities are making it easier and faster to identify and remediate vulnerabilities. Download the full Security Report The full Security Report 683 median transitive dependencies for npm followed by PHP (70), Ruby (68), and Python (19). All of which can become impacted by one security vulnerability. 59 % chance of getting a security alert in the next year from an active repository with supported package ecosystems Learn more about dependencies Copied link to chart https://octoverse.github.com/#chart-rely-on-oss Percent of active repositories that rely on open source 0% PHP Java .NET Python Ruby JavaScript 25% 50% 75% 100% 88.5% 65.3% 94% 89.8% 80.6% 90.2% Most projects on GitHub rely on open source software. This analysis included public open source repositories with at least one contribution in each month between 10.1.2019 and 09.30.2020. A vulnerability can wreak havoc on your work and cause large-scale security issues. However, most vulnerabilities are actually from mistakes not malicious attacks. 17 % of vulnerabilities were explicitly malicious but triggered just 0.2% of alerts 83 % of remaining vulnerabilities are the result of mistakes Bewildered man looking at computer screen with coffee in hand By relying on open source when you can, your team benefits from all the fixes found and remediated by the community. Time to remediate is an important component for all DevOps teams. Learn how teams automate security Repositories that automatically generated a pull request to update a fix patched software 1.4x faster than those that did not. 01 4 Years Vulnerabilities go undetected before being identified 02 4.4 Weeks for the community to code and release a fix after a vulnerability is identified 03 10 Weeks to alert the community on the availability of a security update 04 1 Week for users to apply the security update Open source powers the global economy Distribution of open source contributors by geographic location over time Low High [world-2015] [world-2020] [world-2025] [world-2030] [1 ] 2015 2020 2025 2030 To best serve the world, it must reflect the world. The growth of open source and the various ways people can participate means there will be more and more ways for everyone to get involved. What many teams and organizations thought was impossible just a year ago, is now an everyday way of working. We are all much more resilient than we ever thought possible. Download all 3 reports Thank you to everyone who made every contribution this year possible. (c) 2020 GitHub, Inc. Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy