regnante
is there.


I wonder how the deuce any body could make such a world; for what purpose dandies, for instance, were ordained—and kings—and fellows of colleges—and women of "a certain age"—and many men of any age—and myself, most of all!
"Divesne prisco natus ab Inacho
Nil interest, an pauper et infimâ
De gente, sub dio (sic) moreris,
Victima nil miserantis Orci.
Omnes eodem cogimur," etc.12
Is there any thing beyond?—
who
knows?
He
that can't tell. Who tells that there
is
? He who don't know. And when shall he know? perhaps, when he don't expect, and generally when he don't wish it. In this last respect, however, all are not alike: it depends a good deal upon education,—something upon nerves and habits—but most upon digestion.






Footnote 1:
 See p. 134,
note
2, and
Appendix VII
.

return to footnote mark



Footnote 2:
  The battle of Brienne was fought February 1, 1814.

return



Footnote 3:
  By fire, on the 12th of February.

return



Footnote 4:
 
"We are informed from very good authority, that as soon as the House of Lords meet again, a Peer of very independent principles and character intends to give notice of a motion occasioned by a late spontaneous avowal of a copy of verses by Lord Byron, addressed to the Princess Charlotte of Wales, in which he has taken the most unwarrantable liberties with her august father's character and conduct: this motion being of a personal nature, it will be necessary to give the noble Satirist some days' notice, that he may prepare himself for his defence against a charge of so aggravated a nature," etc.
Morning Post
, February 18.

return



Footnote 5:
 
Macbeth
, act v. sc. 3.

return



Footnote 6:
 These words close the penultimate paragraph of Burton's
Anatomy of Melancholy
.

return



Footnote 7:
 
Hamlet
, act ii. sc. 2, and act iii. sc. 1.

return



Footnote 8:
 
Ibid
., sc. 2.

return



Footnote 9:
 
"Brutus, thou sleepest, awake."
Julius Cæsar
, act ii. sc. 1.

return



Footnote 10:
  The following extract from
Detached Thoughts
(1821) implies that this expression of opinion was no passing thought (but see Scott's
note
, p. 376):
"There is nothing left for Mankind but a Republic, and I think that there are hopes of such. The two Americas (South and North) have it; Spain and Portugal approach it; all thirst for it. Oh Washington!"
return



Footnote 11:
  Here is one of Madame de Staël's notes:
"Je renonce à vos visites, pourvu que vous acceptiez mes diners, car enfin à quoi servirait il de vivre dans le même tems que vous, si l'on ne vous voyait pas? Dinez chez moi dimanche avec vos amis,—je ne dirai pas vos admirateurs, car je n'ai rencontré que cela de touts parts.

"A dimanche, "de Staël.

"Mardi.

"Je prends le silence pour oui."
return



Footnote 2:
  Horace,
Odes
, II. iii. 21,
et seqq.

return


List of Journal Entries
Contents




Saturday, February 19th [1814]


Just
returned from seeing Kean
1
in Richard. By Jove, he is a soul! Life—nature—truth without exaggeration or diminution. Kemble's Hamlet is perfect;—but Hamlet is not Nature. Richard is a man; and Kean is Richard. Now to my own concerns.


Went to Waite's. Teeth are all right and white; but he says that I grind them in my sleep and chip the edges. That same sleep is no friend of mine, though I court him sometimes for half the twenty-four.






Footnote 1:
  Edmund Kean (1787-1833), after acting in provincial theatres, appeared at the Haymarket in June, 1806, as "Ganem" in
The Mountaineers
, but again returned to the country. His performance of "Shylock" in the
Merchant of Venice
, at Drury Lane, on January 26, 1814, made him famous. He appeared in "Richard III" on February 12, and still further increased his reputation.


In the
Courier
, February 26, 1814, appears this paragraph:
"Mr. Kean's attraction is unprecedented in the annals of theatricals—even Cooke's performances are left at an immeasurable distance; his first three nights of Richard produced upwards of £1800, and on repeating that character on Thursday night for the fourthth (sic) time, the receipts were upwards of £700."
On March 1 the same paper says,
"Drury Lane Theatre again overflowed last night, at an early hour. Such is the continued and increasing attraction of that truly great actor Mr. Kean."
After the retirement of John Kemble (June 23, 1817), he had no rival on the stage, especially in such parts as "Othello," "Lear," "Hamlet," "Sir Giles Overreach," and the two already mentioned. His last appearance on the stage was in "Othello" at Covent Garden, March 25, 1833.
"To see Kean act," said Coleridge, "is like reading Shakespeare by flashes of lightning."

"Garrick's nature," writes Leigh Hunt, in the Tatler, July 25, 1831, "displaced Quin's formalism; and in precisely the same way did Kean displace Kemble. ... Everything with Kemble was literally a personation—it was a mask and a sounding-pipe. It was all external and artificial.... Kean's face is full of light and shade, his tones vary, his voice trembles, his eye glistens, sometimes with a withering scorn, sometimes with a tear."
It was the realism and nature of Kean which so strongly appealed to Byron, and enabled the actor, to the last, in spite of his drunken habits, poor figure, and weak voice, to sway his audiences. The same qualities at first repelled more timid critics, and perhaps justified Hazlitt's saying that Kean was "not much relished in the upper circles." Miss Berry, for example, who saw him in all his principal parts in 1814—in "Richard III," "Hamlet," "Othello," and "Sir Giles Overreach"—remained cold.
"His 'Richard III.' pleased me, but I was not enthusiastic. His expression of the passions is natural and strong, but I do not like his declamation; his voice, naturally not agreeable, becomes monotonous"
(
Diary
, vol. iii. p. 7). Of his "Hamlet" she says,
"To my mind he is without grace and without elevation of mind, because he never seems to rise with the poet in those sublime passages which abound in Hamlet"
(
ibid.
, p. 9). Miss Berry's criticism is supported by good authority. Lewes (
On Actors and the Art of Acting
, pp. 6, 11), while calling him "a consummate master of passionate expression," denies his capacity for representing "the intellectual side of heroism."


Kean preferred the Coal-Hole Tavern in the Strand, and the society of the Wolf Club, to Lord Holland's dinner-parties. Though he never fell so low as Cooke, his recklessness, irregularities, eccentricities, and habits of drinking, in spite of the large sums of money that passed through his hands, made his closing days neither prosperous nor reputable.


Such effect had the passionate energy of Kean's acting on Byron's mind, that, once, in seeing him play "Sir Giles Overreach," he was so affected as to be seized with a sort of convulsive fit. Some years later, in Italy, when the representation of Alfieri's tragedy of
Mirra
had agitated him in the same violent manner, he compared the two instances as the only ones in his life when "any thing under reality" had been able to move him so powerfully.
"To such lengths," says Moore, "did he, at this time, carry his enthusiasm for Kean, that when Miss O'Neil appeared, and, by her matchless representation of feminine tenderness, attracted all eyes and hearts, he was not only a little jealous of her reputation, as interfering with that of his favourite, but, in order to guard himself against the risk of becoming a convert, refused to go to see her act. I endeavoured sometimes to persuade him into witnessing, at least, one of her performances; but his answer was (punning upon Shakspeare's word, 'unanealed'), 'No—I am resolved to continue un-Oneiled.'"
In his
Detached Thoughts
(1821) Byron says,
"Of actors Cooke was the most natural, Kemble the most supernatural, Kean the medium between the two. But Mrs. Siddons was worth them all put together."
return


List of Journal Entries
Contents




February 20th [1814]


Got up and tore out two leaves of this Journal—I don't know why. Hodgson just called and gone. He has much
bonhommie
with his other good qualities, and more talent than he has yet had credit for beyond his circle.


An invitation to dine at Holland House to meet Kean. He is worth meeting; and I hope, by getting into good society, he will be prevented from falling like Cooke. He is greater now on the stage, and off he should never be less. There is a stupid and underrating criticism upon him in one of the newspapers. I thought that, last night, though great, he rather under-acted more than the first time. This may be the effect of these cavils; but I hope he has more sense than to mind them. He cannot expect to maintain his present eminence, or to advance still higher, without the envy of his green-room fellows, and the nibbling of their admirers. But,
if
he don't beat them all, why then—merit hath no purchase in "these coster-monger days."
1


I wish that I had a talent for the drama; I would write a tragedy
now
. But no,—it is gone. Hodgson talks of one,—he will do it well;—and I think M—-e [Moore] should try. He has wonderful powers, and much variety; besides, he has lived and felt. To write so as to bring home to the heart, the heart must have been tried,—but, perhaps, ceased to be so. While you are under the influence of passions, you only feel, but cannot describe them,—any more than, when in action, you could turn round and tell the story to your next neighbour! When all is over,—all, all, and irrevocable,—trust to memory—she is then but too faithful.


Went out, and answered some letters, yawned now and then, and redde the
Robbers
.
Fine
,—but
Fiesco
is better
2
; and Alfieri, and Monti's
Aristodemo
3
best
. They are more equal than the Tedeschi dramatists.


Answered
—or rather acknowledged—the receipt of young Reynolds's
4
poem,
Safie
. The lad is clever, but much of his thoughts are borrowed,—whence, the Reviewers may find out. I hate discouraging a young one; and I think,—though wild and more oriental than he would be, had he seen the scenes where he has placed his tale,—that he has much talent, and, certainly fire enough.


Received a very singular epistle; and the mode of its conveyance, through Lord H.'s hands, as curious as the letter itself. But it was gratifying and pretty.






Footnote 1:
 
Henry IV.
, Part II. act i. sc. 2.

return to footnote mark



Footnote 2:
  Schiller's
Robbers
was first produced at Mannheim, January 13, 1782; his
Fiesco
was published in 1783. The
Robbers
is included in Benjamin Thompson's
German Theatre
(1801).
Fiesco
was translated by G. H. Noehden and John Stoddart in 1798.

return



Footnote 3:
  Monti's three tragedies,
Caio Gracco
,
Aristodemo
, and
Manfredi
, were written in rivalry of Alfieri's tragedies between the years 1788 and 1799.

return



Footnote 4:
  For John Hamilton Reynolds, see
Letters
, vol. iii. (February 20, 1814,
note
1).

return


List of Journal Entries
Contents




Sunday, February 27th [1814]


Here I am, alone, instead of dining at Lord H.'s, where I was asked,—but not inclined to go any where. Hobhouse says I am growing a
loup garou
,—a solitary hobgoblin.
True
;—"I am myself alone."
1


The last week has been passed in reading—seeing plays—now and then visitors—sometimes yawning and sometimes sighing, but no writing,—save of letters. If I could always read, I should never feel the want of society. Do I regret it?—um!—"
Man
delights not me,"
2
and only one woman—at a time.


There is something to me very softening in the presence of a woman,—some strange influence, even if one is not in love with them—which I cannot at all account for, having no very high opinion of the sex. But yet,—I always feel in better humour with myself and every thing else, if there is a woman within ken.
Even
Mrs. Mule
3
, my firelighter,—the most ancient and withered of her kind,—and (except to myself) not the best-tempered—always makes me laugh,—no difficult task when I am "i' the vein."


Heigho! I would I were in mine island!—I am not well; and yet I look in good health. At
times
, I fear, "I am not in my perfect mind;"
4
—and yet my heart and head have stood many a crash, and what should ail them now?
They
prey upon themselves, and I am sick—sick —"Prithee, undo this button—why should a cat, a rat, a dog have life—and thou no life at all?"
5


Six-and-twenty years, as they call them, why, I might and should have been a Pasha by this time. "I '
gin
to be a-weary of the sun."
6


Buonaparte
is not yet beaten; but has rebutted Blucher, and repiqued Schwartzenburg
7
. This it is to have a head. If he again wins,
Væ victis!






Footnote 1:
 
"I am myself alone."
Henry VI.
, Part III. act v. sc. 6.

return to footnote mark



Footnote 2:
 
Hamlet
, act ii. sc. 2.

return



Footnote 3:
 
"This ancient housemaid, of whose gaunt and witch-like appearance it would be impossible to convey any idea but by the pencil, furnished one among the numerous instances of Lord Byron's proneness to attach himself to any thing, however homely, that had once enlisted his good nature in its behalf, and become associated with his thoughts. He first found this old woman at his lodgings in Bennet Street, where, for a whole season, she was the perpetual scarecrow of his visitors. When, next year, he took chambers in Albany, one of the great advantages which his friends looked to in the change was, that they should get rid of this phantom. But, no,—there she was again—he had actually brought her with him from Bennet Street. The following year saw him married, and, with a regular establishment of servants, in Piccadilly; and here,—as Mrs. Mule had not made her appearance to any of the visitors,—it was concluded, rashly, that the witch had vanished. One of those friends, however, who had most fondly indulged in this persuasion, happening to call one day when all the male part of the establishment were abroad, saw, to his dismay, the door opened by the same grim personage, improved considerably in point of babiliments since he last saw her, and keeping pace with the increased scale of her master's household, as a new peruke, and other symptoms of promotion, testified. When asked 'how he came to carry this old woman about with him from place to place,' Lord Byron's only answer was, 'The poor old devil was so kind to me' " (Moore).
return



Footnote 4:
 
King Lear
, act iv. sc. 7.

return



Footnote 5:
 
"Why should a dog, a horse, a rat have life,
And thou no breath at all?"
King Lear
, act v. sc. 3.

return



Footnote 6:
 
"I 'gin to be a-weary of the sun,
And wish the estate of the world were now undone."
Macbeth
, act v. sc. 5.

return