K

Kehlkopf. See Larynx.

Keiser, Reinhard, 164.

Kiesewetter, Raphael Georg, 40.

[The] King of Thule (settings of Schubert and Liszt), 226;
(Liszt), 293f.

Kittredge, G. L. (cited), 75.

Kjerulf, Halfdan, 311f.

Korbay, Francis Alexander, 126.

Kreutzer, Conrad, 228.

L

Ladré, 181.

Lamartine, 260.

Laryngeal action, 60f.

Laryngoscope, 10, 12f;
(influence of on modern voice culture), 45, 55, 57f.

Larynx, 6ff.

Lassen, Eduard, 307f.

Lawes, Henry, 168.

Lehman, Liza, 328f.

Leise, leise (Weber), 107.

Lekeu, Guillaume, 355.

Léroux, Xavier, 318f.

Lied. See Germany (classic song, etc.).

Lieder-singer, art of the, 93f, 97.

Liliencron, Detlev von, 331.

Lindpainter, Peter Joseph von, 229.

Lineva (Mme.), 125ff.

Lips (in singing), 3.

Liscovius, 56.

Lisle, Rouget de, 182.

Liszt, Franz, (Hungarian Rhapsodies), 123, 125;
(King of Thule), 226;
(songs), 292ff.

Loch Lomond, 113.

[Die] Loreley, (Silcher), 230;
(settings by Liszt and Silcher compared), 293.

Lortzing, Albert, 228.

Love, influence of, on early song, 137, 139f.

Love-songs, primitive, 81.

Loewe, Johann Carl Gottfried, 226, 272ff.

Ludwig the Pious, 131.

Lungs (in singing), 1, 2ff.

Lute, 136.

Luther, Martin, 147.

Lutheran Church, 122, 147.

Lydian mode, 167.

Lyric form, compared to ballad form, 202.

Lyric impulse, 85ff.

M

MacDowell, Edward, 298, 319ff.

Mackenzie, [Sir] Morell, cited, 18.

Madrigal, 149f, 153f, 157;
(English), 167.

Mahler, Gustav, 336ff.

Major mode, 148f, 167.
See also Scales.

Male soprano, 44.

Mancini, Giovanni Battista, 49.

Mandl, Louis, 58.

Mannstein, Heinrich F., 27, 56f.

Mark, Adolph Bernhard, 56f.

Marot, Clément, 165.

Marschner, Heinrich, 228.

Marseillaise, 72, 182f.

Martinengo-Cæsaresco, Countess, 70f, 80.

Marx, Joseph, 345.

Massenet, Jules, 317, 358.

Mastersingers, rise of, 144ff, 150.

Maybrick, M. See Adams, Stephen.

Mazarin, Cardinal, 165.

‘Mazarinades,’ 165.

Méhul, Étienne Nicolas, 49, 183.

Meistersinger (rise of), 144ff, 150.

[Die] Meistersinger (Wagner), 142.

Melody (in primitive song), 76, 83f;
(in early folk-song), 153f;
(modern French school), 348ff, 363.

Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix, 107, 254f.

Mengozzi, Bernardo, 49f.

Mercadante, Giuseppe, 265f.

Merkel, Karl Ludwig, 58.

Methfessel, Albert Gottlieb, 229.

Méthode de Chant du Conservatoire de Musique, 49f.

Methods (vocal), standardization of, 59.

Meyer-Helmund, Eric, 312.

Mezzo-soprano, 62.

Minnesingers, (rise of), 141ff;
(nature and value of their songs), 143f.

Minor mode, in Russian folk-song, 127f.

Minstrels, 25, 75, 77, 131ff.

Modern scientific methods, of vocal culture, 55-69.

Modes. See Major mode, Minor mode; Ionian mode; Lydian mode.

Modes, ecclesiastical, 135, 145, 152.

Modulation (Schubert), 208f.

Mon Cri Cra, Tir’ la Liretta (French-Canadian folk-song), 375.

Monodic style, 39, 153ff, 162, 172f.

Monpou, François Louis Hippolyte, 265.

Monsigny, Pierre Alexandre, 116, 180.

Monteverdi, Claudio, 43, 155, 159, 172f.

Moore, [Sir] Thomas, 113f.

Möricke, Eduard, 331.

Moszkowski, Moritz, 326.

Moussorgsky, Modeste, 128, 365, 367f.

Mouth (in singing), 3.

Mouth-pharynx, 14ff;
(resonance), 63ff.

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 178, 187ff, 205.
The Violet, 178.

Müller, Johannes, 56.

Muset, Colin, jongleur, 134.

Musette, 166.

Musical education, viii-ff.

Musset, Alfred de, 261.

N

Nägeli, Hans Georg, 229.

Nahua Indians, 86.

Naples, folk-songs of, 119. See also Italian folk-songs.

Napoleon I, 183, 260f.

Nasal resonance, 14ff, 62ff.

Naumann, Karl Ernst, 143.

Neapolitan folk-songs, 119. See also Italian folk-songs.

Nevin, Ethelbert, 322f.

Newman, Ernest (cited), 334.

Norway (folk-songs), 123;
(modern song-writers), 369.
See also Scandinavia.

Norwegian folk-songs, 369.

Nose (in singing), 3.

[Le] Nuove Musiche (Caccini), 47ff.

O

O, Mama mia (Italian folk-song), 119.

O, ma tendre Musette (French folk-song), 116.

‘Observations on the Florid Song’ (Tosi), 49.

‘Ode to Joy’ (Schiller), 192.

Odes, German, 175.

Old Italian Method, 24-25, 68f.

Opera (rise of), 151f, 155ff;
(in England), 170ff;
(German), 176, 228;
(Italian), 164, 172ff.

Opéra comique, 166, 179.

Oratorio, 151, 156.

Orient, music of, 42.

Ornamentation, 31f, 39ff, 124f.

Overtones, vocal, 15.

P

Paesiello, Giovanni, 161f.

Pagan song, 130ff.

Palate (in singing), 15.

Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi, 38.

Paris Conservatory, vocal method of, 49f.

Part-song, 149f, 153.

[Le] Pauvre laboureur (French folk-song), 116.

Pentatonic scale, in Scotch folk-songs, 112.

Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 161.

‘Persian Songs’ (Rubinstein), 325.

Pharynx, 3.

Philidor, François-André-Danican, 180.

Philip Augustus, King of France, 133.

Pianoforte, 231.

Pianoforte style, 236ff, 240, 295.

Pierné, Gabriel, 318.

Pinsuti, Caro, 266.

Piper of Dundee (Scotch song), 113.

Pitch, determination of (vocal), 11f.

Placing of the voice. See Voice placing.

Plato, 167.

Poetry, ancient, in relation to song, 75ff.

Polish folk-songs, 128f.

Polyphonic style, influence of, on vocal culture, 35ff.

Polyphony, 149, 153, 166;
(modern), 362.

Primitive song. See Folk-song.

Protestant Church. See Lutheran Church.

Provençal song. See Troubadours and Trouvères.

Psychological theory of tone production, 28f.

Psychology (in relation to music), 245f.

‘Psychology of Singing’ (Taylor), 28.

Purcell, Henry, 169f.

R

Rachmaninoff, Sergei, 128, 369.

Raff, Joachim, 312.

Ramis de Pareja, 37.

Range of human voice, 14.

Ravel, Maurice, 358, 362f.

Realism, in songs of Schubert, 210f.

Recitative, (influence of, on solo singing), 42;
(compared with declamation), 202f;
(in songs of Schubert), 241.

Recitativo secco, 156.

[The] Red Sarafan (Russian folk-song), 127.

Reformation, 147, 150.

Reger, Max, 340ff, 371.

Registers, vocal, 11ff, 61f.

Reichardt, Johann Friedrich, 192f, 195.

Reimann, Heinrich (cited), 125f.

Reinecke, Karl, 255f.

Religion, influence of, on primitive song, 78.

Remember the Glories of Brian the Brave (Irish folk-song), 114.

Renaissance, 150.

Representative style, 162.
See also Monodic style.

Resonance, laws of, 58.

Resonance cavities, 1, 2f, 13ff;
(control of), 62ff.

Respiratory system, 2ff.

Rimsky-Korsakoff, Nicholas, 365f.

Rhythm, (in primitive song), 83;
(in Italian folk-songs), 120;
(in Spanish song), 121f;
(in Hungarian music), 124f.

Roman church (early vocal culture
in), 33ff;
(introduction of popular music), 148.

Romance, (French), 166;
(in French opera), 179f.

Romantic poetry, 231ff.

Romantic song, 231ff;
(in France), 258ff;
(after Schumann), 296ff;
(in Russia, Scandinavia and England), 364ff.

Romanticism, (Schubert), 186f;
(Schumann), 248f.

Ropartz, J. Guy, 318.

Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 179f.

Rubinstein, Anton, 127, 323ff, 364.

Rule Britannia, 171f.

Russia, (Glinka), 257;
(late romantics), 298, 323ff;
(modern lyricists), 364ff.

Russian folk-songs, 105, 125ff, 364ff.

S

Sachs, Hans, 146.

Saint-Saëns, Camille, 315ff.

Sally in Our Alley (Carey), 171.

Savart, Félix, 56.

Scales, 84, 86;
(modern), 152f;
(major), 165.
See also Whole-tone scale.

Scandinavia (modern), 369f.

Scandinavian folk-songs, 123, 299, 301f.

Scarlatti, Alessandro, 156f, 159, 161.
O cessate di piagarmi, 157.

Scena, 202.

Schiller, 199.

Schönberg, Arnold, 342ff.

Schopenhauer (cited), 87.

Schrecker, Franz, 345.

Schubert, Franz, 89f, 91f, 107, 177, 186-230, 231;
(compared with Schumann), 235f, 238;
(compared with Liszt), 293f;
(compared with Hugo Wolf), 331f, 334.
[Die] Allmacht, 208, 214.
Am Meer, 210, 225.
Aufenthalt, 210, 225.
Ave Maria, 206.
Courage, 221ff.
Dead Flowers, 219.
Death and the Maiden, 209, 212.
Death Music, 204.
Der du von dem Himmel bist, 294.
[Der] Doppelgänger, 207, 225.
[The] Erl King, 193f, 203, 205, 209, 225.
[The] Fisher, 212.
[The] Fisher Boy, 226.
Fülle der Liebe, 204.
[Der] greise Kopf, 221.
Gretchen am Spinnrad, 155.
Gretchen’s Prayer, 214.
Harper’s Song, 212.
Heather Rose, 212.
Hermann and Thusnelda, 226.
Ihr Bild, 206, 225.
Im Dorfe, 221.
[The] Inn, 221, 223.
[The] King of Thule, 226.
Kolma’s Complaint, 226.
[Die] liebe Farbe, 218f.
[Der] Lindenbaum, 107, 212, 222.
Litany, 211.
Morning Greeting, 217.
Müllerlieder (song cycle), 209, 212, 215ff.
Nebensonnen, 223.
[The] Organ Grinder, 223f.
[The] Post, 221.
Praise of Tears, 212.
Rest, 221.
Schwanengesang (song cycle), 215.
Sea Calm, 213.
Serenade, 224.
[The] Signpost, 222.
[The] Singer, 226.
Suleika’s Second Song, 210.
Swan Songs, 224f.
Täuschung, 221.
[The] Trout, 210, 212f.
Viola, 204.
[The] Wanderer, 202, 205, 213.
Wandering, 216, 218.
Wanderer’s Evensong, 214.
[Der] Wegweiser, 221.
Whither, 216f, 219f.
Will-o’-the-Wisp, 220.
Winterreise (song cycle), 201, 206, 220ff.
[Das] Wirtshaus. See [The] Inn.
The Young Nun, 214, 216.

Schola cantorum. See choir schools.

Schulz, Johann, 192.

Schumann, Clara, 254.

Schumann, Robert, 184, 231-257;
(and Robert Franz), 268, 270;
(his setting of Two Grenadiers compared with Wagner’s), 290f;
(his settings of Heine poems compared with Lassen’s), 307.
A Young Man Loved a Maiden, 252.
[Die] alten, bösen Lieder (The Old and Evil Songs), 253.
An den Sonnenschein, 242f.
An das Trinkglass, 242.
[Die] beiden Grenadiere (The Two Grenadiers), 242.
Blondels Lied, 242.
Das ist ein Flöten und Geigen, 250.
Dichterliebe (cycle), 238, 248ff.
Du bist wie eine Blume, 240.
Du Ring an meinem Finger, 245f.
Each Night in Dreams, 253.
Fair Hedwig, 254.
Frauenliebe und Leben (song cycle), 238, 244ff.
From Out My Tears, 251.
Frühlingsnacht (Spring Night), 243.
[The] Glove, 254.
He, the Noblest of All, 246.
Helft mir, ihr Schwestern, 245.
[Der] Hidalgo, 241.
[The] Highland Cradle Song, 24Of.
The Highlander’s Farewell, 240f.
I Wept in My Dreams, 253.
I cannot grasp it, I cannot believe it, 245f.
Ich grolle nicht, 249, 252.
In the Wondrous Lovely Month of May, 251.
Intermezzo, 243.
Lass mich ihm am Busen hängen, 240.
Liederkreis (song cycle), 243.
[The] Lion’s Bride, 241.
[Die] Lotusblume, 240.
Mondnacht, 243f.
Mit Myrthen und Rosen (cycle), 239.
Myrthen, 239.
[Der] Nussbaum, 240.
On the Bright Summer Morning, 252f.
Poet’s Love (cycle), 238, 248ff.
Romances and Ballades, 248.
[The] Rose, the Lily, the Dove, the Sun, 251.
Schöne Wiege meiner Leiden, 239.
Seit ich ihn gesehen, 245.
Somebody, 240f.
Stille Liebe, 242.
Stille Thränen, 242.
Stirb, Lieb und Freund, 242.
Talismane, 240.
Waldesgespräch, 243, 306.
Wanderlust, 242.
Western Divan, 253.
When I Into the Garden Go, 253.
When I Look Into Thine Eyes, 251.
Widmung, 96f, 239.
Wilhelm Meister songs, 253.
Woman’s Life and Love (cycle), 238, 244ff.

Scientific methods of vocal culture, 55-69.

Scotch folk-songs, 108f, 111ff;
(compared with Irish), 114f.

Scotch songs (Edward MacDowell), 320.

Scots Wha Hae, 91, 112f.

Scott, Cyril, 373f.

Scott, [Sir] Walter, 110.

Shakespeare, 149, 168.

Sharp, Cecil, 107, 109ff.

Sibelius, Jean, 370f.

Sicilian folk-song, 119.

Sight-singing, 34ff.

Silcher, Friedrich, 107, 229f, 293.

Sinding, Christian, 369.

Singing, (as physical exercise), 18;
(‘style’ in), 97f;
(technique of), see Vocal culture, Tone production.

Singspiel, 175f, 190ff.

Sjögren, Emil, 369f.

Slavic folk-songs, 125ff.

‘Slide of the glottis,’ 61.

Sol-fa system, 34.

Solo singing, 24;
(florid style), 32;
(before 17th cent.), 38ff.

Somervell, Arthur, 371.

Song, value of, vii;
(nature and origin of), 70-99;
(early development), 130-150.
See also Classic song; Folk-song; Romantic song.

Song-cycle, 215, 220.

Song of Roland, 135.

Songs in the folk-manner, 106f, 229f;
(Brahms), 278, 281ff, 289;
(Henschel), 308ff;
(Mahler), 337.

Soprano, 14, 62. See also Artificial soprano.

Spain (Trobadores), 138.

Spanish folk-songs, 119f.

Spencer, Herbert (theory of origin of song), 88.

Sinuses, 15.

Spohr, Ludwig, 183.

Stile rappresentativo. See Representative style; also Monody.

Stimulants, effect of, on singer’s organism, 19.

Strauss, Richard, 338ff.

Stravinsky, Igor, 362.

‘Stroke of the glottis,’ 61.

Style, in singing, 98f.

Sullivan, [Sir] Arthur, 326f.

Sumer is icumen in, 150.

Sweden (modern), 369f.

Swedish folk-songs, 123.

[The] Sword Shining Brightly (Irish folk-song), 114.