CONTENTS

PAGE
Part I
Growth, Manufacture and Distribution
What Sugar Is 3
The Growing of Sugar Cane 6
Soil Analysis 8
Entomology 8
Pathology 9
The Manufacture of Raw Sugar 22
Extraction 22
Purification 25
Evaporation 28
Concentration and Crystallization 31
Preparation of Crystals for the Market 33
Transportation and Delivery of Raw Sugar 37
Polarization 39
Refining of Raw Sugar 44
Washing 50
Melting 54
Defecation 54
Bone-char Filtration 59
Crystallization 65
Partial Drying 69
Final Drying of Crystals 69
Screening 71
Packing 73
Cube Sugar 77
Powdered and Bar Sugar 79
Yellow Sugars 81
Mechanical Department 84
Laboratory 87
Cost of Refining 88
Shipping Department 91
Marketing 93
Beet Sugar 100
The Sugar Beet 102
Selection of the Soil 103
Planting 104
Thinning 106
Cultivation 107
Harvesting and Topping 107
Manufacture of Beet Sugar 110
Transportation and Cleaning 110
Extraction of Juice, Slicing and Diffusion 111
Purification of Juice, Carbonation and Filtration 112
Concentration of Juice 113
Sulfitation 114
Formation of Grain 115
Steffen Process 115
Part II
History of the Industry
Early History 119
Beet Sugar in Europe 128
Beet Sugar in the United States 148
Territory of Hawaii 163
Louisiana 175
Porto Rico 182
The Philippines 189
Cuba 201
Jamaica 213
Barbados 220
Trinidad 224
Santo Domingo 227
Guadeloupe and Martinique 233
Guadeloupe 233
Martinique 234
Guadeloupe and Martinique 236
Mexico 243
Peru 249
Brazil 256
British Guiana 264
Argentina 271
Formosa 276
Java 283
Australia 302
Mauritius 309
Natal 317
Egypt 320
Spain 324
India 330
Conclusion 338