1. The four epochs in the history of organized labor. F. T. Carlton, Organized Labor in American History, pp. 11-44.

2. Labor and politics. F. T. Carlton, History and Problems of Organized Labor, pp. 169-197.

3. The Knights of Labor: why they failed. Mary R. Beard, Short History of the American Labor Movement, pp. 116-126.

4. The right to strike. John Mitchell, Organized Labor, pp. 299-323.

5. Collective bargaining. Final Report of the U. S. Industrial Commission, pp. 843-847.

6. The use of injunctions in labor disputes. G. L. Bolen, Getting a Living, pp. 548-580; J. R. Commons, Trade Unionism and Labor Problems, pp. 156-163.

7. The Kansas plan. H. J. Allen, The Party of the Third Part, pp. 16-91.

8. Workmen’s compensation. John R. Commons and J. B. Andrews, Principles of American Labor Legislation, pp. 356-385. See also the publications on this subject issued by the National Industrial Conference Board.

9. Women and children in industry. T. S. Adams and H. L. Sumner, Labor Problems, pp. 19-67.

10. The problem of unemployment. E. T. Towne, Social Problems, pp. 140-159; W. H. Beveridge, Unemployment, 3d ed., pp. 1-15 (Great Britain).

11. Profit sharing as a solution of industrial problems. T. S. Adams and H. L. Sumner, Labor Problems, pp. 333-378.

12. Old age pensions. W. H. Dawson, Social Insurance, pp. 128-165; F. W. Lewis, State Insurance, pp. 148-170.

1. Explain why labor organizations came into existence during the nineteenth century. On the whole have they been a benefit to industry or not? Give your reasons.

2. Give some reasons for expecting trade unions to be stronger in certain employments than in others. In which of the following employments would you expect the unions to be strong, and in which would you expect them to be weak: (a) railroading; (b) domestic service; (c) school teaching; (d) farming; (e) mining; (f) steel-making? Give reasons for your expectations in each case.

3. With what points in the program of the American Federation of Labor do you agree and with what ones do you disagree?

4. The closed shop is sometimes criticised as being “un-American” and the open shop has been called the “American plan”. What does this mean?

5. Are there any employments, public or private, in which strikes should not be permitted?

6. Why should the consumer pay the costs of all industrial accidents? Explain how he does so where workmen’s compensation acts have been passed.

7. In your opinion would the legislature be justified in limiting to eight hours per day the labor of (a) women in candy factories; (b) men who work on farms; (c) men who work in coal mines; (d) physicians; (e) waitresses in hotels; (f) female servants; (g) members of the fire-protection service in cities; (h) motormen on street cars? Give your reasons in each case.

8. Give your views as to the minimum age at which any person should be permitted to engage in regular employment for wages. At what age should employment in night work be permitted? Should persons under fourteen years of age be allowed to work for wages after school hours, on Saturdays, and during vacations?

9. A girl of sixteen has graduated from grammar school and could obtain a position as clerk in a millinery store at eight dollars a week. She is living at home and does not have to support herself. But the minimum wage for clerks in stores happens to be ten dollars per week and the owner will not pay so much. Is there any injustice here?

10. How can the evil of unemployment be reduced? What abuses might arise in connection with unemployment insurance? Who pays the cost of unemployment now? Argue whether we should or should not place industrial unemployment on the same basis as industrial accidents.

1. The demand for collective bargaining is (or is not) justified.

2. A plan of old-age pensions, like that now maintained in Great Britain, should be established in the United States.